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Ahmad F, Sudesh R, Ahmed AT, Arumugam M, Mathkor DM, Haque S. The multifaceted functions of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR in neuropathologies and its potential as a prognostic marker and therapeutic biotarget. Expert Rev Mol Med 2024; 26:e11. [PMID: 38682637 PMCID: PMC11140545 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2024.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are progressively being perceived as prominent molecular agents controlling multiple aspects of neuronal (patho)physiology. Amongst these is the HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA, often abbreviated as HOTAIR. HOTAIR epigenetically regulates its target genes via its interaction with two different chromatin-modifying agents; histone methyltransferase polycomb-repressive complex 2 and histone demethylase lysine-specific demethylase 1. Parenthetically, HOTAIR elicits trans-acting sponging function against multiple micro-RNA species. Oncological research studies have confirmed the pathogenic functions of HOTAIR in multiple cancer types, such as gliomas and proposed it as a pro-oncological lncRNA. In fact, its expression has been suggested to be a predictor of the severity/grade of gliomas, and as a prognostic biomarker. Moreover, a propound influence of HOTAIR in other aspects of brain heath and disease states is just beginning to be unravelled. The objective of this review is to recapitulate all the relevant data pertaining to the regulatory roles of HOTAIR in neuronal (patho)physiology. To this end, we discuss the pathogenic mechanisms of HOTAIR in multiple neuronal diseases, such as neurodegeneration, traumatic brain injury and neuropsychiatric disorders. Finally, we also summarize the results from the studies incriminating HOTAIR in the pathogeneses of gliomas and other brain cancers. Implications of HOTAIR serving as a suitable therapeutic target in neuropathologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Ravi Sudesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Atheeq Toufeeq Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Mohanapriya Arumugam
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Darin Mansor Mathkor
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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2
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Yang E, Hong B, Wang Y, Wang Q, Zhao J, Cui X, Wu Y, Yang S, Su D, Liu X, Kang C. EPIC-0628 abrogates HOTAIR/EZH2 interaction and enhances the temozolomide efficacy via promoting ATF3 expression and inhibiting DNA damage repair in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2024; 588:216812. [PMID: 38490327 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
The efficacy of temozolomide (TMZ) treatment in glioblastoma (GBM) is influenced by various mechanisms, mainly including the level of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and the activity of DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways. In our previous study, we had proved that long non-coding RNA HOTAIR regulated the GBM progression and mediated DDR by interacting with EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2. In this study, we developed a small-molecule inhibitor called EPIC-0628 that selectively disrupted the HOTAIR-EZH2 interaction and promoted ATF3 expression. The upregulation of ATF3 inhibited the recruitment of p300, p-p65, p-Stat3 and SP1 to the MGMT promoter. Hence, EPIC-0628 silenced MGMT expression. Besides, EPIC-0628 induced cell cycle arrest by increasing the expression of CDKN1A and impaired DNA double-strand break repair via suppressing the ATF3-p38-E2F1 pathway. Lastly, EPIC-0628 enhanced TMZ efficacy in GBM in vitro and vivo. Hence, this study provided evidence for the combination of epigenetic drugs EPIC-0628 with TMZ for GBM treatment through the above mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryan Yang
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Biao Hong
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Yunfei Wang
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Qixue Wang
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jixing Zhao
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaoteng Cui
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ye Wu
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Shixue Yang
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Dongyuan Su
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Xiaomin Liu
- Neuro-Oncology Center, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chunsheng Kang
- Lab of Neuro- Oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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3
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Ahmad F, Sudesh R, Ahmed AT, Haque S. Roles of HOTAIR Long Non-coding RNA in Gliomas and Other CNS Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:23. [PMID: 38366205 PMCID: PMC10873238 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) which is increasingly being perceived as a tremendous molecular mediator of brain pathophysiology at multiple levels. Epigenetic regulation of target gene expression carried out by HOTAIR is thorough modulation of chromatin modifiers; histone methyltransferase polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and histone demethylase lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). Incidentally, HOTAIR was the first lncRNA shown to elicit sponging of specific microRNA (miRNA or miR) species in a trans-acting manner. It has been extensively studied in various cancers, including gliomas and is regarded as a prominent pro-tumorigenic and pro-oncogenic lncRNA. Indeed, the expression of HOTAIR may serve as glioma grade predictor and prognostic biomarker. The objective of this timely review is not only to outline the multifaceted pathogenic roles of HOTAIR in the development and pathophysiology of gliomas and brain cancers, but also to delineate the research findings implicating it as a critical regulator of overall brain pathophysiology. While the major focus is on neuro-oncology, wherein HOTAIR represents a particularly potent underlying pathogenic player and a suitable therapeutic target, mechanisms underlying the regulatory actions of HOTAIR in neurodegeneration, traumatic, hypoxic and ischemic brain injuries, and neuropsychiatric disorders are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India.
| | - Ravi Sudesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - A Toufeeq Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 13306, United Arab Emirates
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4
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Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Bandaru SS, Varaprasad GL, Nagaraju GP, Malla RR, Huh YS, Han YK. HOTAIR: a potential metastatic, drug-resistant and prognostic regulator of breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:65. [PMID: 36997931 PMCID: PMC10061914 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is an oncogenic non-coding RNA whose expression is strongly correlated with the tumor grade and prognosis of a variety of carcinomas including breast cancer (BC). HOTAIR regulates various target genes via sponging and epigenetic mechanisms and controls various oncogenic cellular and signaling mechanisms including metastasis and drug resistance. In BC cells, HOTAIR expression is regulated by a variety of transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we describe the regulatory mechanisms that govern HOTAIR expression during cancer development and explore how HOTAIR drives BC development, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the final section of this review, we focus on the role of HOTAIR in BC management, therapeutic treatment, and prognosis, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ganji Lakshmi Varaprasad
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
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Sargazi S, Zahedi Abghari A, Mirinejad S, Heidari Nia M, Majidpour M, Danesh H, Saravani R, Sheervalilou R, Shakiba M, Zahedi Abghari F. Long noncoding RNA HOTAIR polymorphisms and susceptibility to bipolar disorder: a preliminary case-control study. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:684-701. [PMID: 35469536 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2065017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). In this study, we genotyped four HOX Transcript Antisense Intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) gene polymorphisms to investigate if these variations could affect the risk of BD and its clinical subtypes. A total of 357 subjects, comprised of 194 BD patients and 163 age-matched healthy controls, were enrolled. Genotyping was carried out using PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR methods. We detected significant associations between the HOTAIR gene rs1899663 G/T, rs12826786 C/T, rs4759314 A/G, and rs920778 C/T polymorphism and the risk of BD under allelic, recessive, dominant, and codominant contrasted genetic models. The CT genotype of rs920778 C/T, GT genotype of rs1899663 G/T, and CT genotype of rs12826786 C/T polymorphisms enhanced the risk of BD type II (BDII). In contrast, the GG genotype of rs4759314 A/G polymorphism significantly diminished BDII risk by 83%. A positive association was noticed between CTTA and CTCG haplotypes of rs920778/rs1899663/rs12826786/rs4759314 and BD risk. Our findings reveal an interactive effect of HOTAIR polymorphisms on the development of BD and its subtypes. Further functional studies are needed to elucidate the role of these variations on HOTAIR expression and epigenetic status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saman Sargazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Armin Zahedi Abghari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Mirinejad
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Milad Heidari Nia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Majidpour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hiva Danesh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ramin Saravani
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute of Cellular and Molecular Sciences in Infectious Diseases, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | | | - Mansoor Shakiba
- Department of Psychiatry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Fateme Zahedi Abghari
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Le Boiteux E, Guichet PO, Masliantsev K, Montibus B, Vaurs-Barriere C, Gonthier-Gueret C, Chautard E, Verrelle P, Karayan-Tapon L, Fogli A, Court F, Arnaud P. The Long Non-Coding RNA HOXA-AS2 Promotes Proliferation of Glioma Stem Cells and Modulates Their Inflammation Pathway Mainly through Post-Transcriptional Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094743. [PMID: 35563134 PMCID: PMC9102906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas represent approximatively half of all gliomas and are the most deadly and aggressive form. Their therapeutic resistance and tumor relapse rely on a subpopulation of cells that are called Glioma Stem Cells (GSCs). Here, we investigated the role of the long non-coding RNA HOXA-AS2 in GSC biology using descriptive and functional analyses of glioma samples classified according to their isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutation status, and of GSC lines. We found that HOXA-AS2 is overexpressed only in aggressive (IDHwt) glioma and GSC lines. ShRNA-based depletion of HOXA-AS2 in GSCs decreased cell proliferation and altered the expression of several hundreds of genes. Integrative analysis revealed that these expression changes were not associated with changes in DNA methylation or chromatin signatures at the promoter of the majority of genes deregulated following HOXA-AS2 silencing in GSCs, suggesting a post-transcriptional regulation. In addition, transcription factor binding motif enrichment and correlation analyses indicated that HOXA-AS2 affects, directly or indirectly, the expression of key transcription factors implicated in GCS biology, including E2F8, E2F1, STAT1, and ATF3, thus contributing to GCS aggressiveness by promoting their proliferation and modulating the inflammation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Le Boiteux
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
| | - Pierre-Olivier Guichet
- ProDiCeT UR 24144, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; (P.-O.G.); (K.M.); (L.K.-T.)
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, CHU de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Konstantin Masliantsev
- ProDiCeT UR 24144, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; (P.-O.G.); (K.M.); (L.K.-T.)
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, CHU de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Bertille Montibus
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
| | - Catherine Vaurs-Barriere
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
| | - Céline Gonthier-Gueret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
| | - Emmanuel Chautard
- Pathology Department, Jean Perrin Center, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- INSERM, U1240 IMoST, Université Clermont Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Verrelle
- CIMB, INSERM U1196 CNRS UMR9187, Curie Institute, F-91400 Orsay, France;
- Radiotherapy Department, Curie Institute, F-75248 Paris, France
- CNRS UMR 9187, INSERM U1196, Institut Curie, PSL Research University and Paris-Saclay University, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Lucie Karayan-Tapon
- ProDiCeT UR 24144, Université de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France; (P.-O.G.); (K.M.); (L.K.-T.)
- Laboratoire de Cancérologie Biologique, CHU de Poitiers, F-86000 Poitiers, France
| | - Anne Fogli
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
- Radiation Oncology Department, Institut Curie, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Franck Court
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (P.A.)
| | - Philippe Arnaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, Inserm, GReD, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.L.B.); (B.M.); (C.V.-B.); (C.G.-G.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (P.A.)
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Chen S, Deng X, Sheng H, Rong Y, Zheng Y, Zhang Y, Lin J. Noncoding RNAs in pediatric brain tumors: Molecular functions and pathological implications. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 26:417-431. [PMID: 34552822 PMCID: PMC8426460 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Brain tumors are common solid pediatric malignancies and the main reason for cancer-related death in the pediatric setting. Recently, evidence has revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play a critical role in brain tumor development and progression. Therefore, in this review article, we describe the functions and molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in multiple types of cancer, including medulloblastoma, pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, glioblastoma, diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma, and craniopharyngioma. We also mention the limitations of using ncRNAs as therapeutic targets because of the nonspecificity of ncRNA targets and the delivery methods of ncRNAs. Due to the critical role of ncRNAs in brain oncogenesis, targeting aberrantly expressed ncRNAs might be an effective strategy to improve the outcomes of pediatric patients with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohuai Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hansong Sheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Rong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Li R, Xu CQ, Shen JX, Ren QY, Chen DL, Lin MJ, Huang RN, Li CH, Zhong RT, Luo ZH, Ji XY, Wu J. 4-Methoxydalbergione is a potent inhibitor of human astroglioma U87 cells in vitro and in vivo. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:1507-1515. [PMID: 33311599 PMCID: PMC8379167 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-00560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Astroglioma is the most common primary tumor in the central nervous system without effective treatment strategies. Temozolomide (TMZ) is a chemotherapeutic drug to treat astroglioma but exhibits low potency and has side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new compounds to treat astroglioma. Dalbergia sissoo Roxb was the source of Dalbergia odorifera in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and has been clinically used as an anti-tumor medicine. 4-Methoxydalbergione (4MOD) is purified from Dalbergia sissoo Roxb., and shows an inhibitory effect on osteosarcoma, but its effects on astroglioma have not been reported. Here, we evaluate its anti-astroglioma effects on both in vitro and in vivo models. In cultured astroglioma U87 cells, 4MOD inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Compared with TMZ, 4MOD exhibited a tenfold greater potency of anti-astroglioma effects. 4MOD effectively stalled the cell cycle in G2 phase. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) showed that 4MOD upregulated 158 genes and downregulated 204 genes that are mainly enriched in cell membrane, cell division, cell cycle, p53, TNF, and MAPK signaling pathways, which may underlie its anti-tumor mechanisms. In a nude mouse xenograft model transplanted with U87 cells, 10 mg/kg 4MOD slowed down tumor growth rate, while at 30 mg/kg dose, it reduced tumor size. Collectively, this study demonstrates that 4MOD is a potent native compound that remarkably inhibits U87 astroglioma growth in both in vitro and in vivo models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Chang-Qiong Xu
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jian-Xin Shen
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Qiu-Yun Ren
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Di-Ling Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Mian-Jie Lin
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Rong-Ni Huang
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Chun-Hui Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang, 414000, China
| | - Ru-Ting Zhong
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Luo
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Ji
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Jie Wu
- Brain Function and Disease Laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
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9
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Momtazmanesh S, Rezaei N. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Diagnosis, Treatment, Prognosis, and Progression of Glioma: A State-of-the-Art Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:712786. [PMID: 34322395 PMCID: PMC8311560 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.712786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite considerable advances, the exact molecular pathways involved in tumor progression are not fully elucidated, and patients commonly face a poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently drawn extra attention for their potential roles in different types of cancer as well as non-malignant diseases. More than 200 lncRNAs have been reported to be associated with glioma. We aimed to assess the roles of the most investigated lncRNAs in different stages of tumor progression and the mediating molecular pathways in addition to their clinical applications. lncRNAs are involved in different stages of tumor formation, invasion, and progression, including regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor stemness, angiogenesis, the integrity of the blood-tumor-brain barrier, tumor metabolism, and immunological responses. The well-known oncogenic lncRNAs, which are upregulated in glioma, are H19, HOTAIR, PVT1, UCA1, XIST, CRNDE, FOXD2-AS1, ANRIL, HOXA11-AS, TP73-AS1, and DANCR. On the other hand, MEG3, GAS5, CCASC2, and TUSC7 are tumor suppressor lncRNAs, which are downregulated. While most studies reported oncogenic effects for MALAT1, TUG1, and NEAT1, there are some controversies regarding these lncRNAs. Expression levels of lncRNAs can be associated with tumor grade, survival, treatment response (chemotherapy drugs or radiotherapy), and overall prognosis. Moreover, circulatory levels of lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, H19, HOTAIR, NEAT1, TUG1, GAS5, LINK-A, and TUSC7, can provide non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic tools. Modulation of expression of lncRNAs using antisense oligonucleotides can lead to novel therapeutics. Notably, a profound understanding of the underlying molecular pathways involved in the function of lncRNAs is required to develop novel therapeutic targets. More investigations with large sample sizes and increased focus on in-vivo models are required to expand our understanding of the potential roles and application of lncRNAs in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Momtazmanesh
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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The lipid-lowering drug fenofibrate combined with si-HOTAIR can effectively inhibit the proliferation of gliomas. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:664. [PMID: 34082742 PMCID: PMC8173837 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fenofibrate is a fibric acid derivative known to have a lipid-lowering effect. Although fenofibrate-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) transcription activation has been shown to play an important role in the malignant progression of gliomas, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods In this study, we analyzed TCGA database and found that there was a significant negative correlation between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR and PPARα. Then, we explored the molecular mechanism by which lncRNA HOTAIR regulates PPARα in cell lines in vitro and in a nude mouse glioma model in vivo and explored the effect of the combined application of HOTAIR knockdown and fenofibrate treatment on glioma invasion. Results For the first time, it was shown that after knockdown of the expression of HOTAIR in gliomas, the expression of PPARα was significantly upregulated, and the invasion and proliferation ability of gliomas were obviously inhibited. Then, glioma cells were treated with both the PPARα agonist fenofibrate and si-HOTAIR, and the results showed that the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells were significantly inhibited. Conclusions Our results suggest that HOTAIR can negatively regulate the expression of PPARα and that the combination of fenofibrate and si-HOTAIR treatment can significantly inhibit the progression of gliomas. This introduces new ideas for the treatment of gliomas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08417-z.
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11
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Chaudhary R. Potential of long non-coding RNAs as a therapeutic target and molecular markers in glioblastoma pathogenesis. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06502. [PMID: 33786397 PMCID: PMC7988331 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is by far the most hostile type of malignant tumor that primarily affects the brain and spine, derived from star-shaped glial cells that are astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Despite of significant efforts in recent years in glioblastoma research, the clinical efficacy of existing medical intervention is still limited and very few potential diagnostic markers are available. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that lacks protein-coding capabilities were previously thought to be "junk sequences" in mammalian genomes are quite indispensible epigenetic regulators that can positively or negatively regulate gene expression and nuclear architecture, with significant roles in the initiation and development of tumors. Nevertheless, the precise mechanism of these distortedly expressed lncRNAs in glioblastoma pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. Since the advent of high-throughput sequencing technologies, more and more research have elucidated that lncRNAs are one of the most promising prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for glioblastoma. In this paper, I briefly outlined the existing findings of lncRNAs. And also summarizes the profiles of different lncRNAs that have been broadly classified in glioblastoma research, with emphasis on both their prognostic and therapeutic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
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12
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Critical role of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) in gliomas. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:1525-1546. [PMID: 32978667 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01984-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive research, gliomas are associated with high morbidity and mortality, mainly attributed to the rapid growth rate, excessive invasiveness, and molecular heterogeneity, as well as regenerative potential of cancer stem cells. Therefore, elucidation of the underlying molecular mechanisms and the identification of potential molecular diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are of paramount importance. HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a well-studied long noncoding RNA, playing an emerging role in tumorigenesis of several human cancers. A growing amount of preclinical and clinical evidence highlights the pro-oncogenic role of HOTAIR in gliomas, mainly attributed to the enhancement of proliferation and migration, as well as inhibition of apoptosis. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that HOTAIR modulates the activity of specific transcription factors, such as MXI1, E2F1, ATF5, and ASCL1, and regulates the expression of cell cycle-associated genes along with related signaling pathways, like the Wnt/β-catenin axis. Moreover, it can interact with specific miRNAs, including miR-326, miR-141, miR-148b-3p, miR-15b, and miR-126-5p. Of importance, HOTAIR has been demonstrated to enhance angiogenesis and affect the permeability of the blood-tumor barrier, thus modulating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents. Herein, we provide evidence on the functional role of HOTAIR in gliomas and discuss the benefits of its targeting as a novel approach toward glioma treatment.
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13
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Peng Y, Wu W, Shang Z, Li W, Chen S. Inhibition of lncRNA LINC00461/miR-216a/aquaporin 4 pathway suppresses cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance in glioma. Open Life Sci 2020; 15:532-543. [PMID: 33817241 PMCID: PMC7874638 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2020-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LINC00461 (LINC00461) is reported to be related to glioma progression. However, the mechanism of LINC00461 in glioma remains unclear. Expression of LINC00461, miRNA (miR)-216a, and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) was detected using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Proliferation, temozolomide (TMZ) resistance, migration, and invasion were assessed by MTT, colony formation, and transwell assays, respectively. The target binding among miR-216a, LINC00461, and AQP4 was confirmed by the luciferase reporter assay. The tumor growth was monitored in the xenograft experiment. LINC00461 was upregulated, and miR-216a was downregulated in glioma tissues and cells, and LINC00461 upregulation was correlated with large tumor size, higher WHO grade and recurrence, and poor overall survival. LINC00461 knockdown suppressed cell viability, abilities of cell cloning and migration and invasion, and TMZ resistance in glioma. Mechanically, LINC00461 was confirmed to sponge miR-216a to affect AQP4 expression. Rescue assays verified that miR-216a downregulation or AQP4 upregulation abrogated the inhibitory effect of LINC00461 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and TMZ resistance in vitro. Moreover, LINC00461 downregulation blocked the glioma tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, LINC00461 knockdown inhibits glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and TMZ resistance through miR-216a/AQP4 axis, suggesting LINC00461 as an oncogene in glioma progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanguo Peng
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 89 Heshan Road, Fuan 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Wangchun Wu
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 89 Heshan Road, Fuan 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhanfang Shang
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 89 Heshan Road, Fuan 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 89 Heshan Road, Fuan 355000, Fujian, China
| | - Shuiyu Chen
- Department of neurosurgery, The Affiliated Mindong Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 89 Heshan Road, Fuan 355000, Fujian, China
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14
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Yang C, Wang L, Sun J, Zhou JH, Tan YL, Wang YF, You H, Wang QX, Kang CS. Identification of long non-coding RNA HERC2P2 as a tumor suppressor in glioma. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:956-964. [PMID: 30809632 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in glioma; however, most of them promote glioma progression. We constructed a competing endogenous (ceRNA) network based on the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas dataset, and lncRNA hect domain and RLD 2 pseudogene 2 (HERC2P2) is the core of this network. Highly connected genes in the ceRNA network classified the glioma patients into three clusters with significantly different survival rates. The expression of HERC2P2 is positively correlated with survival and negatively correlated with clinical grade. Cell colony formation, Transwell and cell scratch tests were performed to evaluate the role of HERC2P2 in glioblastoma growth. Furthermore, we overexpressed HERC2P2 in U87 cells and established a mouse intracranial glioma model to examine the function of HERC2P2 in vivo. In conclusion, we identified a lncRNA with tumor suppressor functions in glioma that could be a potential biomarker for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Sun
- ProteinT Biotechnology Ltd. Co. Tianjin Airport Free Trade Zone, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun-Hu Zhou
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Li Tan
- College of Fundamental Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yun-Fei Wang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hua You
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Xue Wang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Kang
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-neurotrauma Neuro-repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Liu X, Wang M, Cui Y. LncRNA TP73-AS1 interacted with miR-141-3p to promote the proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1547-1554. [PMID: 31749884 PMCID: PMC6855159 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.86820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological processes and diseases in humans, including cancer. However, the exact effects and molecular mechanisms of TP73-AS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression are still unknown. The present study is aimed to reveal the detailed functions and the mechanism of TP73-AS1 in the regulation of NSCLC cell proliferation. MATERIAL AND METHODS TP73-AS1 expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was determined using real-time PCR assays. The functions of TP73-AS1 in the regulation of NSCLC cell proliferation was evaluated using BrdU assays. The interaction between TP73-AS1 and miR-141-3p was confirmed using luciferase report gene assays. RESULTS TP73-AS1 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. However, when knockdown of TP73-AS1 inhibited the NSCLC proliferation. By using online tools, we screened out miR-141-3p may combined with TP73-AS1. With use of luciferase assays, we confirmed that miR-141-3p could directly bind to TP73-AS1. In NSCLC tissues, miR-141-3p was down-regulated; TP73-AS1 was inversely correlated with miR-141-3p. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that TP73-AS1 might be an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes proliferation of NSCLC and might be regarded as a therapeutic target in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfa Liu
- Department of Respiration, Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shi Jiazhuang, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Woman and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanzhi Cui
- Tumour Institute, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shi Jiazhuang, China
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16
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Li Z, Jiang X, Huang L, Li J, Ji D, Xu Y, Leng K, Cui Y. Up-regulation of ZFAS1 indicates dismal prognosis for cholangiocarcinoma and promotes proliferation and metastasis by modulating USF1 via miR-296-5p. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:8258-8268. [PMID: 31565837 PMCID: PMC6850950 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNAs has been demonstrated to modulate neoplastic development by modulating downstream miRNAs and functional genes. In this study, we aimed to detect the interaction among lncRNA ZFAS1 miR‐296‐5p and USF1. We explored the proliferation, migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma. The differentially expressed ZFAS1 was discovered in both tissues and cell lines by qRT‐PCR. The targeting relationship between miR‐296‐5p and ZFAS1 or USF1 was validated by dual‐luciferase assay. The impact of ZFAS1 on CCA cell proliferation was observed by CCK‐8 assay. The protein expression of USF1 was determined by Western blot. The effects of ZFAS1, miR‐296‐5p and USF1 on tumour growth were further confirmed using xenograft model. LncRNA ZFAS1 expression was relatively up‐regulated in tumour tissues and cells while miR‐296‐5p was significantly down‐regulated. Knockdown of ZFAS1 significantly suppressed tumour proliferation, migration, invasion and USF1 expression. Overexpressed miR‐296‐5p suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis. Knockdown of USF1 inhibited cell proliferation and metastasis and xenograft tumour growth. In conclusion, ZFAS1 might promote cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and metastasis by modulating USF1 via miR‐296‐5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenglong Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xingming Jiang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Lining Huang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinglin Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Daolin Ji
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaiming Leng
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunfu Cui
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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17
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Silencing lncRNA LOC101928963 Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Spinal Cord Glioma Cells by Binding to PMAIP1. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:485-495. [PMID: 31670198 PMCID: PMC6838552 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been widely highlighted due to their involvement in various types of cancers, including glioma; however, the exact mechanism and function by which they operate in regard to spinal cord glioma remain poorly understood. LOC101928963 was screened out for its differential expression in spinal cord glioma by microarray analysis. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the modulatory effects of LOC101928963 on spinal cord glioma by binding to phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 (PMAIP1). The expression of LOC101928963 and LOC101928963 was characterized in spinal cord glioma tissues, and their interaction was examined by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. Cells with LOC101928963 that exhibited elevated or suppressed levels of PMAIP1 were established to substantiate the mechanism between LOC101928963 and PMAIP1. qRT-PCR and western blot methods were subsequently applied to determine the expression of cell-proliferation- and apoptosis-related genes in response to the alterations of LOC101928963 and PMAIP1. Glioma cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed by MTT assay and flow cytometry. Decreased cell apoptosis and PMAIP1 expression, as well as overexpressed LOC101928963, were exhibited among spinal cord glioma tissues. LOC101928963 overexpression was observed to promote cell proliferation and cell-cycle entry and inhibit the process of apoptosis. PMAIP1, a target of LOC101928963, displayed a downregulated level following the elevation of LOC101928963. The present results strongly emphasize the neutralization effect of PMAIP1 overexpression on spinal cord glioma progression induced by the overexpression of LOC101928963. The data obtained during the study highlighted the inhibitory role of LOC101928963 silencing in spinal cord glioma through the increase in PMAIP1, which suggests a potential target in the treatment of spinal cord glioma.
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18
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Chin C, Lunking ES, de la Fuente M, Ayad NG. Immunotherapy and Epigenetic Pathway Modulation in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Front Oncol 2018; 8:521. [PMID: 30483476 PMCID: PMC6243054 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor. Despite aggressive multimodality treatment it remains one of the most challenging and intractable cancers (1]. While current standard of care treatment for GBM is maximal safe surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy with Temozolimide (TMZ), and radiation therapy, the current prognosis of GBM patients remains poor, with a median overall survival of 12–15 months (2, 3). Therefore, other treatments are needed to provide better outcomes for GBM patients. Immunotherapy is one of the most promising new cancer treatment approaches. Immunotherapy drugs have obtained regulatory approval in a variety of cancers including melanoma (4), Hodgkin lymphoma (5), and non-small cell lung cancer (6). The basis of immunotherapy in cancer treatment is linked to stimulating the immune system to recognize cancer cells as foreign, thereby leading to the eventual elimination of the tumor. One form of immunotherapy utilizes vaccines that target tumor antigens (7), while other approaches utilize T-cells in patients to stimulate them to attack tumor cells (8). Despite intensive efforts all approaches have not been overtly successful (9), suggesting that we need to better understand the underlying biology of tumor cells and their environment as they respond to immunotherapy. Recent studies have elucidated epigenetic pathway regulation of GBM tumor expansion (10), suggesting that combined epigenetic pathway inhibition with immunotherapy may be feasible. In this review, we discuss current GBM clinical trials and how immune system interactions with epigenetic pathways and signaling nodes can be delineated to uncover potential combination therapies for this incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Chin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Emma S Lunking
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Macarena de la Fuente
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Nagi G Ayad
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States
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19
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Vecera M, Sana J, Lipina R, Smrcka M, Slaby O. Long Non-Coding RNAs in Gliomas: From Molecular Pathology to Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092754. [PMID: 30217088 PMCID: PMC6163683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common malignancies of the central nervous system. Because of tumor localization and the biological behavior of tumor cells, gliomas are characterized by very poor prognosis. Despite significant efforts that have gone into glioma research in recent years, the therapeutic efficacy of available treatment options is still limited, and only a few clinically usable diagnostic biomarkers are available. More and more studies suggest non-coding RNAs to be promising diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in many cancers, including gliomas. One of the largest groups of these molecules is long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). LncRNAs show promising potential because of their unique tissue expression patterns and regulatory functions in cancer cells. Understanding the role of lncRNAs in gliomas may lead to discovery of the novel molecular mechanisms behind glioma biological features. It may also enable development of new solutions to overcome the greatest obstacles in therapy of glioma patients. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about lncRNAs and their involvement in the molecular pathology of gliomas. A conclusion follows that these RNAs show great potential to serve as powerful diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Vecera
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Sana
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Radim Lipina
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Ostrava, 70852 Ostrava, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Smrcka
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondrej Slaby
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Comprehensive Cancer Care, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic.
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20
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The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is transcriptionally activated by HOXA9 and is an independent prognostic marker in patients with malignant glioma. Oncotarget 2018; 9:15740-15756. [PMID: 29644006 PMCID: PMC5884661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lncRNA HOTAIR has been implicated in several human cancers. Here, we evaluated the molecular alterations and upstream regulatory mechanisms of HOTAIR in glioma, the most common primary brain tumors, and its clinical relevance. HOTAIR gene expression, methylation, copy-number and prognostic value were investigated in human gliomas integrating data from online datasets and our cohorts. High levels of HOTAIR were associated with higher grades of glioma, particularly IDH wild-type cases. Mechanistically, HOTAIR was overexpressed in a gene dosage-independent manner, while DNA methylation levels of particular CpGs in HOTAIR locus were associated with HOTAIR expression levels in GBM clinical specimens and cell lines. Concordantly, the demethylating agent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine affected HOTAIR transcriptional levels in a cell line-dependent manner. Importantly, HOTAIR was frequently co-expressed with HOXA9 in high-grade gliomas from TCGA, Oncomine, and our Portuguese and French datasets. Integrated in silico analyses, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and qPCR data showed that HOXA9 binds directly to the promoter of HOTAIR. Clinically, GBM patients with high HOTAIR expression had a significantly reduced overall survival, independently of other prognostic variables. In summary, this work reveals HOXA9 as a novel direct regulator of HOTAIR, and establishes HOTAIR as an independent prognostic marker, providing new therapeutic opportunities to treat this highly aggressive cancer.
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21
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Li Z, Li X, Jiang C, Qian W, Tse G, Chan MT, Wu WK. Long non-coding RNAs in rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Prolif 2018; 51:e12404. [PMID: 29110355 PMCID: PMC6620844 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis, a disabling autoimmune disease, is associated with altered gene expression in circulating immune cells and synovial tissues. Accumulating evidence has suggested that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which modulate gene expression through multiple mechanisms, are important molecules involved in immune and inflammatory pathways. Importantly, many studies have reported that lncRNAs can be utilized as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognostication. Recently, dysregulation of lncRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases has been revealed. Experimental studies also confirmed their crosstalk with matrix metalloproteinases, nuclear factor-κB signalling and T-cell response pertinent to autoimmunity and inflammation. Circulating lncRNAs, such as HOTAIR, differentiated patients with rheumatoid arthritis from healthy subjects. Taken together, lncRNAs are good candidates as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in rheumatoid arthritis. Further investigation on in vivo delivery of these regulatory molecules and large-cohort validation of their clinical applicability may be useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Xingye Li
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryBeijing Jishuitan HospitalFourth Clinical College of Peking UniversityJishuitan Orthopaedic College of Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
- Department of OrthopaedicsShaoxing People's HospitalShaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityShaoxingZhejiangChina
| | - Wenwei Qian
- Department of Orthopedics SurgeryPeking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Gary Tse
- Department of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - Matthew T.V. Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
| | - William K.K. Wu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive CareThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease and LKS Institute of Health SciencesThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongHong Kong
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Xi J, Sun Q, Ma L, Kang J. Long non-coding RNAs in glioma progression. Cancer Lett 2018; 419:203-209. [PMID: 29355660 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is one of most malignant primary tumors of the brain. However, due to a lack of effective means for diagnosing and treating glioma, the prognosis of glioma patients remains poor. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of glioma progression is essential for effective treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are novel regulators of gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. Recent evidence indicates that lncRNAs may play important roles in regulating the progression of glioma. In this article, we review the expression profile of lncRNAs in glioma and discuss the functions and known mechanisms of several representative lncRNAs in detail, as well as the prospects of lncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Xi
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Qiaoyi Sun
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Li Ma
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Jiuhong Kang
- Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Zhong S, Wu B, Han Y, Cao Y, Yang L, Luo SX, Chen Y, Zhang H, Zhao G. Identification of Driver Genes and Key Pathways of Pediatric Brain Tumors and Comparison of Molecular Pathogenesis Based on Pathologic Types. World Neurosurg 2017; 107:990-1000. [PMID: 28751139 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.07.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is to identify pediatric brain tumors (PBT) driver genes and key pathways to detect the expression of the driver genes and also to clarify the relationship between patients' prognosis and expression of driver genes. METHODS The gene expression profile of GSE50161 was analyzed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor tissue and the normal tissue. Gene ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis, and protein-protein interaction network analysis were conducted to identify the enrichment functions, pathways, and hub genes. After hub genes were identified, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm the differential expression of these hub genes. Survival data of 325 patients' were analyzed to clarify the relationship between prognosis and expression levels of the mutual hub genes. RESULTS Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that there were 13 common functions and 3 common pathways which were upregulated or downregulated among the 4 groups. Mutual hub genes were somatostatin (SST), glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD2), and single copy human parvalbumin gene (PVALB). The expression of SST, GAD2, and PVALB in glioma cells significantly decreased compared with normal glial cells (P < 0.05). In addition, survival analysis showed a favorable progression-free and overall survival in patients with glioma with SST, GAD2, and PVALB high expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SST, GAD2, and PVALB significantly decrease in glioma cells compared with normal glial cells. Survival analysis suggests that patients with high-expressed SST, GAD2, and PVALB have a longer overall and progression-free survival. The differential expressed genes identified in this study provide novel targets for diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yujuan Han
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingshu Cao
- Clinical College, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Sean X Luo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huimao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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