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Xu J, Chen J, Deng J, Chen X, Du R, Yu Z, Gao S, Chen B, Wang Y, Cai X, Duan H, Cai Y, Zheng G. Naringenin inhibits APAP-induced acute liver injury through activating PPARA-dependent signaling pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:114028. [PMID: 38582338 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) refers to the damage to the liver cells of patients due to drugs, food, and diseases. In this work, we used a network pharmacology approach to analyze the relevant targets and pathways of the active ingredients in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) for the treatment of ALI and conducted systematic validation through in vivo and in vitro experiments. The network pharmacologic results predicted that naringenin (NIN) was the main active component of CRP in the treatment of ALI. GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment showed that its mechanism may be related to the regulation of PPARA signaling pathway, PPARG signaling pathway, AKT1 signaling pathway, MAPK3 signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. The results of in vivo experiments showed that (NIN) could reduce the liver lesions, liver adipose lesions, hepatocyte injury and apoptosis in mice with APAP-induced ALI, and reduce the oxidative stress damage of mouse liver cells and the inflammation-related factors to regulate ALI. In vitro experiments showed that NIN could inhibit the proliferation, oxidative stress and inflammation of APAP-induced LO2 cells, promote APAP-induced apoptosis of LO2 cells, and regulate the expression of apoptotic genes in acute liver injury. Further studies showed that NIN inhibited APAP-induced ALI mainly by regulating the PPARA-dependent signaling pathway. In conclusion, this study provides a preliminary theoretical basis for the screening of active compounds in CRP for the prevention and treatment of ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiepei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiamin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jinji Deng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Rong Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhiqian Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Shuhan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Baizhong Chen
- Guangdong Xinbaotang Biological Technology Co., Ltd, Guangdong, Jiangmen, 529000, China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiaoting Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Huiying Duan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology and the State & NMPA Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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Retraction: 'Long non-coding RNA LINC00467 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating miR-9-5p/ PPARA expression' (2019), by Cai et al.. Open Biol 2023; 13:230405. [PMID: 37921991 PMCID: PMC10624249 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.230405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
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Kim D, Choi I, Ha SK, Gonzalez FJ. Keratin 79 is a PPARA target that is highly expressed by liver damage. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 650:132-136. [PMID: 36796223 PMCID: PMC10681120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Keratins are key structural proteins found in skin and other epithelial tissues. Keratins also protect epithelial cells from damage or stress. Fifty-four human keratins were identified and classified into two families, type I and type II. Accumulating studies showed that keratin expression is highly tissue-specific and used as a diagnostic marker for human diseases. Notably, keratin 79 (KRT79) is type II cytokeratin that was identified as regulator of hair canal morphogenesis and regeneration in skin, but its role in liver remains unclear. KRT79 is undetectable in normal mouse but its expression is significantly increased by the PPARA agonist WY-14643 and fenofibrate, and completely abolished in Ppara-null mice. The Krt79 gene has functional PPARA binding element between exon 1 and exon 2. Hepatic Krt79 is regulated by HNF4A and HER2. Moreover, hepatic KRT79 is also significantly elevated by fasting- and high-fat diet-induced stress, and these increases are completely abolished in Ppara-null mice. These findings suggest that hepatic KRT79 is controlled by PPARA and is highly associated with liver damage. Thus, KRT79 may be considered as a diagnostic marker for human liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwan Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea.
| | - Inwook Choi
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Keun Ha
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Zhou Z, Zhang A, Liu X, Yang Y, Zhao R, Jia Y. m 6A-Mediated PPARA Translational Suppression Contributes to Corticosterone-Induced Visceral Fat Deposition in Chickens. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415761. [PMID: 36555401 PMCID: PMC9779672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess fat deposition in broilers leads to great economic losses and is harmful to consumers' health. Chronic stress in the life cycle of chickens could be an important trigger. However, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, 30-day-old chickens were subcutaneously injected with 2 mg/kg corticosterone (CORT) twice a day for 14 days to simulate long-term stress. It was shown that chronic CORT exposure significantly increased plasma triglyceride concentrations and enlarged the adipocyte sizes in chickens. Meanwhile, chronic CORT administration significantly enlarged the adipocyte sizes, increased the protein contents of FASN and decreased HSL, ATGL, Beclin1 and PPARA protein levels. Moreover, global m6A methylations were significantly reduced and accompanied by downregulated METTL3 and YTHDF2 protein expression by CORT treatment. Interestingly, the significant differences of site-specific m6A demethylation were observed in exon7 of PPARA mRNA. Additionally, a mutation of the m6A site in the PPARA gene fused GFP and revealed that demethylated RRACH in PPARA CDS impaired protein translation in vitro. In conclusion, these results indicated that m6A-mediated PPARA translational suppression contributes to CORT-induced visceral fat deposition in chickens, which may provide a new target for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Aijia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ruqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yimin Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-2584396413; Fax: +86-2584398669
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Kim D, Kim B, Brocker CN, Karri K, Waxman DJ, Gonzalez FJ. Long non-coding RNA G23Rik attenuates fasting-induced lipid accumulation in mouse liver. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 557:111722. [PMID: 35917881 PMCID: PMC9561029 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a key mediator of lipid metabolism and metabolic stress in the liver. A recent study revealed that PPARα-dependent long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in modulating metabolic stress and inflammation in the livers of fasted mice. Here hepatic lncRNA 3930402G23Rik (G23Rik) was found to have active peroxisome proliferator response elements (PPREs) within its promoter and is directly regulated by PPARα. Although G23Rik RNA was expressed to varying degrees in several tissues, the PPARα-dependent regulation of this lncRNA was only observed in the liver. Pharmacological activation of PPARα induced PPARα recruitment at the G23Rik promoter and a pronounced increase in hepatic G23Rik lncRNA expression. A G23Rik-null mouse line was developed to further characterize the function of this lncRNA in the liver. G23Rik-null mice were more susceptible to hepatic lipid accumulation in response to acute fasting. Histological analysis further revealed a pronounced buildup of lipid droplets and a significant increase in neutral triglycerides and lipids as indicated by enhanced oil red O staining of liver sections. Hepatic cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acid, and triglyceride levels were significantly elevated in G23Rik-null mice and associated with induction of the lipid-metabolism related gene Cd36. These findings provide evidence for a lncRNA dependent mechanism by which PPARα attenuates hepatic lipid accumulation in response to metabolic stress through lncRNA G23Rik induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghwan Kim
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Bora Kim
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Chad N Brocker
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA
| | - Kritika Karri
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Massachusetts, 02215, Boston, United States
| | - David J Waxman
- Department of Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Massachusetts, 02215, Boston, United States
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 20892, Maryland, USA.
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Luo YY, Tao KG, Lu YT, Li BB, Wu KM, Ding CH, Yan FZ, Liu Y, Lin Y, Zhang X, Zeng X. Hsa_Circ_0098181 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Sponging miR-18a-3p and Targeting PPARA. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:819735. [PMID: 35264957 PMCID: PMC8899401 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.819735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths, and its incidence is still high in China. This study aimed to investigate the circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in the development of HCC and elucidate the mechanism. RNA sequencing found 72 downregulated circRNAs and 88 upregulated circRNAs in human HCC tissues, including hsa_circ_0098181, hsa_circ_0072309, hsa_circ_0000831, and hsa_circ_0000231. The reduction of hsa_circ_0098181 was confirmed in eight paired human HCC tissues, hepatoma cell lines, and CCL4/DEN-induced mouse HCC models by RT-qPCR. The FISH assay revealed that hsa_circ_0098181 is mainly located in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the paratumor tissues. Further log-rank analysis performed in 91 HCC patients demonstrated that low expression of hsa_circ_0098181 was related to poor prognosis. The plasmid and lentivirus overexpressing hsa_circ_0098181 were delivered into HCC cell lines. After hsa_circ_0098181 was upregulated, the proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation of HCC cell lines were inhibited, and the apoptosis was promoted. Moreover, exogenous hsa_circ_0098181 delivery mitigated the tumor formation ability of Huh7 in Balb/C nude mice. The dual-luciferase reporter assay and the RIP assay verified that hsa_circ_0098181 sponged miR-18a-3p to regulate PPARA. In addition, a rescue experiment found miR-18a-3p mimic partly reversed the suppression of hsa_circ_0098181 on proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cell lines. In conclusion, hsa_circ_0098181 can repress the development of HCC through sponging miR-18a-3p and promoting the expression of PPARA in vitro and in vivo, and hsa_circ_0098181 might be a therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Gong Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ting Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Ming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen-Hong Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Zhi Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang F, Zhang F, Tian Q, Sheng K. CircVMA21 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HK-2 cell injury depending on the regulation of miR-7-5p/ PPARA. Autoimmunity 2021; 55:136-146. [PMID: 34894921 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2021.2012764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in diverse human diseases, including sepsis-engendered acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we investigated the functions of circRNA vacuolar ATPase assembly factor VMA21 (circVMA21) in septic AKI through establishing septic AKI in vitro model. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was adopted to determine the levels of circVMA21, microRNA-7-5p (miR-7-5p) and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (PPARA) mRNA. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and flow cytometry analysis were conducted to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis. Western blot assay was used for protein levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed for the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The levels of oxidative stress markers were examined with specific commercial kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were utilized the analyse the relationships among circVMA21, miR-7-5p and PPARA. CircVMA21 was reduced in sepsis patients' serums and LPS-stimulated HK2 cells. CircVMA21 overexpression reversed the suppressive effect on cell viability and the promotional effects on cell apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in HK2 cells mediated by LPS. CircVMA21 was identified as the sponge for miR-7-5p. MiR-7-5p overexpression abrogated the impacts of circVMA21 elevation on cell viability, apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in LPS-stimulated HK2 cells. MiR-7-5p directly targeted PPARA, and miR-7-5p inhibition ameliorated LPS-induced HK2 cell damage by targeting PPARA. CircVMA21 overexpression alleviated LPS-stimulated HK2 cell damage through the regulation of miR-7-5p/PPARA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Wang
- Department of Intensive Care, The Second People's Hospital of Zhangye, Zhangye City, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- The Second Department of Orthopaedics, Zhangye People's Hospital, Hexi University, Zhangye City, China
| | | | - Kai Sheng
- Department of Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou,China
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Zhu W, Zhao H, Xu F, Huang B, Dai X, Sun J, Nyalali AMK, Zhang K, Ni S. The lipid-lowering drug fenofibrate combined with si-HOTAIR can effectively inhibit the proliferation of gliomas. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:664. [PMID: 34082742 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08417-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fenofibrate is a fibric acid derivative known to have a lipid-lowering effect. Although fenofibrate-induced peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) transcription activation has been shown to play an important role in the malignant progression of gliomas, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Methods In this study, we analyzed TCGA database and found that there was a significant negative correlation between the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR and PPARα. Then, we explored the molecular mechanism by which lncRNA HOTAIR regulates PPARα in cell lines in vitro and in a nude mouse glioma model in vivo and explored the effect of the combined application of HOTAIR knockdown and fenofibrate treatment on glioma invasion. Results For the first time, it was shown that after knockdown of the expression of HOTAIR in gliomas, the expression of PPARα was significantly upregulated, and the invasion and proliferation ability of gliomas were obviously inhibited. Then, glioma cells were treated with both the PPARα agonist fenofibrate and si-HOTAIR, and the results showed that the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells were significantly inhibited. Conclusions Our results suggest that HOTAIR can negatively regulate the expression of PPARα and that the combination of fenofibrate and si-HOTAIR treatment can significantly inhibit the progression of gliomas. This introduces new ideas for the treatment of gliomas. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08417-z.
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Hu Q, Zen W, Zhang M, Wang Z, Cui W, Liu Y, Xu B. Long Non-Coding RNA CASC2 Overexpression Ameliorates Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury by Regulating MiR-545-3p/ PPARA Axis. J Surg Res 2021; 265:223-232. [PMID: 33957574 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to be involved in the progression of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). In this study, we aimed to explore the functions of lncRNA cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (CASC2) in sepsis-induced AKI. METHODS The sepsis cell models were established by exposing HK2 and HEK293 cells into lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was conducted to determine the expression of CASC2, miR-545-3p and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARA) mRNA. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry analysis and wound healing assay were employed for cell viability, apoptosis and migration, respectively. Western blot assay was conducted for the protein levels of E-cadherin, α-SMA and PPARA. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured by specific kits. The relationship between miR-545-3p and CASC2 or PPARA was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS CASC2 level was decreased in sepsis patients' serums and LPS-treated HK2 and HEK293 cells. CASC2 overexpression facilitated cell viability and restrained cell apoptosis, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and oxidative stress in LPS-triggered HK2 and HEK293 cells. CASC2 was identified as a sponge for miR-545-3p to regulate PPARA expression. MiR-545-3p overexpression restored the impact of CASC2 on LPS-induced injury in HK2 and HEK293 cells. Moreover, miR-545-3p overexpression aggravated LPS-induced cell injury in HK2 and HEK293 cells by targeting PPARA. CONCLUSION CASC2 overexpression relieved the damage of HK2 and HEK293 cells mediated by LPS treatment through regulating miR-545-3p/PPARA axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qionghua Hu
- Department of Critical care medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuan, China
| | - Weiwei Zen
- Department of Critical care medicine, The second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Critical care medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department of Critical care medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Critical care medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuan, China
| | - Yanmei Liu
- Department of Critical care medicine, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of orthopedics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital; Sichuau, China.
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Dhillon P, Park J, Hurtado Del Pozo C, Li L, Doke T, Huang S, Zhao J, Kang HM, Shrestra R, Balzer MS, Chatterjee S, Prado P, Han SY, Liu H, Sheng X, Dierickx P, Batmanov K, Romero JP, Prósper F, Li M, Pei L, Kim J, Montserrat N, Susztak K. The Nuclear Receptor ESRRA Protects from Kidney Disease by Coupling Metabolism and Differentiation. Cell Metab 2021; 33:379-394.e8. [PMID: 33301705 PMCID: PMC9259369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is poorly understood because of the organ's cellular diversity. We used single-cell RNA sequencing not only in resolving differences in injured kidney tissue cellular composition but also in cell-type-specific gene expression in mouse models of kidney disease. This analysis highlighted major changes in cellular diversity in kidney disease, which markedly impacted whole-kidney transcriptomics outputs. Cell-type-specific differential expression analysis identified proximal tubule (PT) cells as the key vulnerable cell type. Through unbiased cell trajectory analyses, we show that PT cell differentiation is altered in kidney disease. Metabolism (fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation) in PT cells showed the strongest and most reproducible association with PT cell differentiation and disease. Coupling of cell differentiation and the metabolism was established by nuclear receptors (estrogen-related receptor alpha [ESRRA] and peroxisomal proliferation-activated receptor alpha [PPARA]) that directly control metabolic and PT-cell-specific gene expression in mice and patient samples while protecting from kidney disease in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dhillon
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Carmen Hurtado Del Pozo
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomohito Doke
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Laboratory of Disease Modeling and Therapeutics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rojesh Shrestra
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shatakshee Chatterjee
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Prado
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seung Yub Han
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan P Romero
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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11
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Everton JBF, Patrício FJB, Faria MS, Ferreira TCA, Romao EA, Silva GEB, Magalhães M. CYP3A5 and PPARA genetic variants are associated with low trough concentration to dose ratio of tacrolimus in kidney transplant recipients. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:879-886. [PMID: 33398393 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-020-03076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with variation in the metabolism of tacrolimus (TAC) in kidney transplant patients. This study is aimed at assessing the impact of allelic variants of CYP3A5 and PPARA genes on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of TAC in Brazilian kidney transplant recipients in the first-year post-transplant. METHODS A total of 127 patients were included for genetic evaluation. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and real-time PCR was used to analyze the main polymorphisms described for the genes CYP3A5 (rs776746; C > G) and PPARA (rs4823613; A > G and rs4253728; G > A). RESULTS CYP3A5 expressors showed a lower Co/dose ratio than non-expressors, with the median values of this parameter <1.01 ng/mL/mg in the first group at all evaluated times. Additionally, PPARA variant homozygotes had a lower Co/D ratio than wild allele carriers in the 12-month post-transplant period, with a median value of 0.65 ng/mL/mg. In the CYP3A5 expressers, the presence of the variant homozygous genotype PPARA was associated with a lower value of Co/D compared with the other genotypic groups at month 12. CONCLUSION In the population under study, polymorphisms on CYP3A5 and PPARA were identified as determining and independent factors associated with the reduction of Co/D of TAC. Thus, the genotyping of these genetic variants may be a useful tool for the individualized prescription of TAC in kidney transplant patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína B F Everton
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histocompatibility Studies, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Fernando J B Patrício
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histocompatibility Studies, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Manuel S Faria
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Clinical Research Center, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Teresa C A Ferreira
- Kidney Transplant Unit, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Elen A Romao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gyl E B Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.,Pathology Unit, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Magalhães
- Laboratory of Genomic and Histocompatibility Studies, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil. .,Postgraduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil. .,Clinical Research Center, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil.
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12
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Khavinson V, Linkova N, Kozhevnikova E, Trofimova S. EDR Peptide: Possible Mechanism of Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Regulation Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Molecules 2020; 26:E159. [PMID: 33396470 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The EDR peptide (Glu-Asp-Arg) has been previously established to possess neuroprotective properties. It activates gene expression and synthesis of proteins, involved in maintaining the neuronal functional activity, and reduces the intensity of their apoptosis in in vitro and in vivo studies. The EDR peptide interferes with the elimination of dendritic spines in neuronal cultures obtained from mice with Alzheimer’s (AD) and Huntington’s diseases. The tripeptide promotes the activation of the antioxidant enzyme synthesis in the culture of cerebellum neurons in rats. The EDR peptide normalizes behavioral responses in animal studies and improves memory issues in elderly patients. The purpose of this review is to analyze the molecular and genetics aspects of the EDR peptide effect on gene expression and synthesis of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The EDR peptide is assumed to enter cells and bind to histone proteins and/or ribonucleic acids. Thus, the EDR peptide can change the activity of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, the synthesis of proapoptotic proteins (caspase-3, p53), proteins of the antioxidant system (SOD2, GPX1), transcription factors PPARA, PPARG, serotonin, calmodulin. The abovementioned signaling pathway and proteins are the components of pathogenesis in AD. The EDR peptide can be AD.
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13
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Luo R, Su LY, Li G, Yang J, Liu Q, Yang LX, Zhang DF, Zhou H, Xu M, Fan Y, Li J, Yao YG. Activation of PPARA-mediated autophagy reduces Alzheimer disease-like pathology and cognitive decline in a murine model. Autophagy 2020; 16:52-69. [PMID: 30898012 PMCID: PMC6984507 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1596488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. An imbalance between the production and clearance of Aβ (amyloid beta) is considered to be actively involved in AD pathogenesis. Macroautophagy/autophagy is a major cellular pathway leading to the removal of aggregated proteins, and upregulation of autophagy represents a plausible therapeutic strategy to combat overproduction of neurotoxic Aβ. PPARA/PPARα (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha) is a transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty acid metabolism and activates hepatic autophagy. We hypothesized that PPARA regulates autophagy in the nervous system and PPARA-mediated autophagy affects AD. We found that pharmacological activation of PPARA by the PPARA agonists gemfibrozil and Wy14643 induces autophagy in human microglia (HM) cells and U251 human glioma cells stably expressing the human APP (amyloid beta precursor protein) mutant (APP-p.M671L) and this effect is PPARA-dependent. Administration of PPARA agonists decreases amyloid pathology and reverses memory deficits and anxiety symptoms in APP-PSEN1ΔE9 mice. There is a reduced level of soluble Aβ and insoluble Aβ in hippocampus and cortex tissues from APP-PSEN1ΔE9 mice after treatment with either gemfibrozil or Wy14643, which promoted the recruitment of microglia and astrocytes to the vicinity of Aβ plaques and enhanced autophagosome biogenesis. These results indicated that PPARA is an important factor regulating autophagy in the clearance of Aβ and suggested gemfibrozil be assessed as a possible treatment for AD.Abbreviation: Aβ: amyloid beta; ACTB: actin beta; ADAM10: ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10; AD: Alzheimer disease; AIF1/IBA1: allograft inflammatory factor 1; ANOVA: analysis of variance; APOE: apolipoprotein E; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; APP-PSEN1ΔE9: APPswe/PSEN1dE9; BAFA1: bafilomycin A1; BDNF: brain derived neurotrophic factor; BECN1: beclin 1; CD68: CD68 molecule; CREB1: cAMP responsive element binding protein 1; DAPI: 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DLG4/PSD-95: discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; ELISA: enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; FDA: U.S. Food and Drug Administration; FKBP5: FK506 binding protein 5; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; gemfibrozil: 5-(2,5-dimethylphenoxy)-2,2-dimethylpentanoic acid; GFAP: glial fibrillary acidic protein; GLI2/THP1: GLI family zinc finger 2; HM: human microglia; IL6: interleukin 6; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NC: negative control; OQ: opposite quadrant; PPARA/PPARα, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; PSEN1/PS1: presenilin 1; SEM: standard error of the mean; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; SYP: synaptophysin; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TNF/TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor; TQ: target quadrant; WT: wild type; Wy14643: 2-[4-chloro-6-(2,3-dimethylanilino)pyrimidin-2-yl]sulfanylacetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongcan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling-Yan Su
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qianjin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu-Xiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Deng-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hejiang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yong-Gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Cai K, Li T, Guo L, Guo H, Zhu W, Yan L, Li F. Long non-coding RNA LINC00467 regulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating miR-9-5p/ PPARA expression. Open Biol 2019; 9:190074. [PMID: 31480990 PMCID: PMC6769294 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse the expression pattern and elucidate the mechanistic involvement of long non-coding RNA LINC00467 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The relative expression of LINC00467 and microRNA (miR)-9-5p was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. The cell proliferation was analysed by cell counting. Cell migration and invasion were monitored by Transwell assay. The luciferase reporter assay was employed to investigate the regulatory effect of miR-9-5p on LINC00467 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA). The endogenous PPARA protein was quantified by western blotting. It was found that LINC00467 was aberrantly decreased in HCC. The ectopic expression of LINC00467 significantly suppressed cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion. LINC00467 functioned as a sponge for miR-9-5a and negatively regulated miR-9-5p expression. We also identified PPARA as the direct target of miR-9-5p. siRNA-mediated knockdown of PPARA in LINC00467-proficient cells promoted cell viability, migration and invasion. Our data indicate the critical involvement of LINC00467/miR-9-5p/PPARA signalling in the incidence and progression of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerui Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Tieling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Second Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Haifeng Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Red Flag Hospital, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
| | - Fujuan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang 157011, People's Republic of China
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15
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Yang J, Liu C, Jihang Z, Yu J, Dai L, Ding X, Qiu Y, Yu S, Yang Y, Wu Y, Huang L. PPARA genetic variants increase the risk for cardiac pumping function reductions following acute high-altitude exposure: A self-controlled study. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00919. [PMID: 31407515 PMCID: PMC6785441 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Left cardiac pumping function determines the compensatory capacity of the cardiovascular system following acute high‐altitude exposure. Variations in cardiac output (CO) at high altitude are inconsistent between individuals, and genetic susceptibility may play a crucial role. We sought to identify genetic causes of cardiac pumping function variations and describe the genotype–phenotype correlations. Methods A total of 151 young male volunteers were recruited and transferred to Lhasa (3,700 m) from Chengdu (<500 m) by plane. Genetic information related to hypoxic signaling and cardiovascular‐related pathways was collected before departure. Echocardiography was performed both before departure and 24 hr after arrival at high altitude. Results Here we reported that PPARA variants were closely related to high‐altitude cardiac function. The variants of rs6520015 C‐allele and rs7292407 A‐allele significantly increased the risk for cardiac pumping function reductions following acute high‐altitude exposure. In addition, the individuals carrying haplotypes in PPARA, namely, rs135538 C‐allele, rs4253623 A‐allele, rs6520015 C‐allele and rs7292407 A‐allele (C‐A‐C‐A), suffered a 7.27‐fold risk for cardiac pumping function reduction (95% CI: 2.39–22.15, p = .0006) compared with those carrying the wild‐type haplotype. Conclusions This self‐controlled study revealed that PPARA variations significantly increased the risk for cardiac pumping function reductions following acute high‐altitude exposure, providing a potential predictive marker before high‐altitude exposure and targets in mechanistic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Zhang Jihang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Limeng Dai
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Basic Medical Science, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaohan Ding
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Youzhu Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Sanjiu Yu
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanqi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuzhang Wu
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, PR China
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Sommars MA, Ramachandran K, Senagolage MD, Futtner CR, Germain DM, Allred AL, Omura Y, Bederman IR, Barish GD. Dynamic repression by BCL6 controls the genome-wide liver response to fasting and steatosis. eLife 2019; 8:e43922. [PMID: 30983568 PMCID: PMC6464608 DOI: 10.7554/elife.43922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription is tightly regulated to maintain energy homeostasis during periods of feeding or fasting, but the molecular factors that control these alternating gene programs are incompletely understood. Here, we find that the B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) repressor is enriched in the fed state and converges genome-wide with PPARα to potently suppress the induction of fasting transcription. Deletion of hepatocyte Bcl6 enhances lipid catabolism and ameliorates high-fat-diet-induced steatosis. In Ppara-null mice, hepatocyte Bcl6 ablation restores enhancer activity at PPARα-dependent genes and overcomes defective fasting-induced fatty acid oxidation and lipid accumulation. Together, these findings identify BCL6 as a negative regulator of oxidative metabolism and reveal that alternating recruitment of repressive and activating transcription factors to shared cis-regulatory regions dictates hepatic lipid handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A Sommars
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Krithika Ramachandran
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Madhavi D Senagolage
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Christopher R Futtner
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Derrik M Germain
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Amanda L Allred
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Yasuhiro Omura
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
| | - Ilya R Bederman
- Department of PediatricsCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandUnited States
| | - Grant D Barish
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern UniversityChicagoUnited States
- Jesse Brown VA Medical CenterChicagoUnited States
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Huang S, Xu W, Hu P, Lakowski TM. Integrative Analysis Reveals Subtype-Specific Regulatory Determinants in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040507. [PMID: 30974831 PMCID: PMC6521146 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Different breast cancer (BC) subtypes have unique gene expression patterns, but their regulatory mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. We hypothesized that the top upregulated (Yin) and downregulated (Yang) genes determine the fate of cancer cells. To reveal the regulatory determinants of these Yin and Yang genes in different BC subtypes, we developed a lasso regression model integrating DNA methylation (DM), copy number variation (CNV) and microRNA (miRNA) expression of 391 BC patients, coupled with miRNA–target interactions and transcription factor (TF) binding sites. A total of 25, 20, 15 and 24 key regulators were identified for luminal A, luminal B, Her2-enriched, and triple negative (TN) subtypes, respectively. Many of the 24 TN regulators were found to regulate the PPARA and FOXM1 pathways. The Yin Yang gene expression mean ratio (YMR) and combined risk score (CRS) signatures built with either the targets of or the TN regulators were associated with the BC patients’ survival. Previously, we identified FOXM1 and PPARA as the top Yin and Yang pathways in TN, respectively. These two pathways and their regulators could be further explored experimentally, which might help to identify potential therapeutic targets for TN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Huang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; huangs12@myumanitoba (S.H.); (W.X.)
| | - Wayne Xu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; huangs12@myumanitoba (S.H.); (W.X.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Pingzhao Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (T.M.L.); Tel.: +1-204-789-3229 (P.H.); +1-204-272-3173 (T.M.L.)
| | - Ted M. Lakowski
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada; huangs12@myumanitoba (S.H.); (W.X.)
- Correspondence: (P.H.); (T.M.L.); Tel.: +1-204-789-3229 (P.H.); +1-204-272-3173 (T.M.L.)
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Kim TS, Jin YB, Kim YS, Kim S, Kim JK, Lee HM, Suh HW, Choe JH, Kim YJ, Koo BS, Kim HN, Jung M, Lee SH, Kim DK, Chung C, Son JW, Min JJ, Kim JM, Deng CX, Kim HS, Lee SR, Jo EK. SIRT3 promotes antimycobacterial defenses by coordinating mitochondrial and autophagic functions. Autophagy 2019; 15:1356-1375. [PMID: 30774023 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2019.1582743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SIRT3 (sirtuin 3), a mitochondrial protein deacetylase, maintains respiratory function, but its role in the regulation of innate immune defense is largely unknown. Herein, we show that SIRT3 coordinates mitochondrial function and macroautophagy/autophagy activation to promote anti-mycobacterial responses through PPARA (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha). SIRT3 deficiency enhanced inflammatory responses and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to defective host defense and pathological inflammation during mycobacterial infection. Antibody-mediated depletion of polymorphonuclear neutrophils significantly increased protection against mycobacterial infection in sirt3-/- mice. In addition, mitochondrial oxidative stress promoted excessive inflammation induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in sirt3-/- macrophages. Notably, SIRT3 was essential for the enhancement of PPARA, a key regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy activation in the context of infection. Importantly, overexpression of either PPARA or TFEB (transcription factor EB) in sirt3-/- macrophages recovered antimicrobial activity through autophagy activation. Furthermore, pharmacological activation of SIRT3 enhanced antibacterial autophagy and functional mitochondrial pools during mycobacterial infection. Finally, the levels of SIRT3 and PPARA were downregulated and inversely correlated with TNF (tumor necrosis factor) levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from tuberculosis patients. Collectively, these data demonstrate a previously unappreciated function of SIRT3 in orchestrating mitochondrial and autophagic functions to promote antimycobacterial responses. Abbreviations: Ab: antibody; BCG: M. bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin; Baf-A1: bafilomycin A1; BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; CFU: colony forming unit; CXCL5: C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5; EGFP: enhanced green fluorescent protein; ERFP: enhanced red fluorescent protein; FOXO3: forkhead box O3; HC: healthy controls; H&E: haematoxylin and eosin; HKL: honokiol; IHC: immunohistochemistry; IL1B: interleukin 1 beta; IL6: interleukin 6; IL12B: interleukin 12B; MDMs: monocyte-derived macrophages; MMP: mitochondrial membrane potential; Mtb: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; PBMC: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PBS: phosphate buffered saline; PMN: polymorphonuclear neutrophil; PPARA: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SIRT3: sirtuin 3; TB: tuberculosis; TEM: transmission electron microscopy; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Sung Kim
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Yeung Bae Jin
- d National Primate Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju , Korea
| | - Yi Sak Kim
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Sup Kim
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Jin Kyung Kim
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Lee
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Suh
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choe
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Young Jae Kim
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Bon-Sang Koo
- d National Primate Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju , Korea
| | - Han-Na Kim
- d National Primate Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju , Korea
| | - Mingyu Jung
- e Department of Pathology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Sang-Hee Lee
- f Institute of Molecular Biology & Genetics , Seoul National University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- g Department of Molecular Biotechnology , Chonnam National University , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Chaeuk Chung
- c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,h Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Ji-Woong Son
- i Department of Internal Medicine , Konyang University , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Jung-Joon Min
- j Department of Nuclear Medicine , Chonnam National University Medical School , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,e Department of Pathology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- k Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Macau , Macau SAR , China
| | - Hyun Seok Kim
- l Department of Bioinspired Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- d National Primate Research Center , Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Cheongju , Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- a Department of Microbiology , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,b Department of Medical Science , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea.,c Infection Control Convergence Research Center , Chungnam National University School of Medicine , Daejeon , Korea
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Pan W, Liu C, Zhang J, Gao X, Yu S, Tan H, Yu J, Qian D, Li J, Bian S, Yang J, Zhang C, Huang L, Jin J. Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in PPARA and EPAS1 Genes and High-Altitude Appetite Loss in Chinese Young Men. Front Physiol 2019; 10:59. [PMID: 30778304 PMCID: PMC6369186 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Appetite loss is a common symptom that occurs in high altitude (HA) for lowlanders. Previous studies indicated that hypoxia is the initiating vital factor of HA appetite loss. PPARA, EPAS1, EGLN1, HIF1A, HIF1AN, and NFE2L2 play important roles in hypoxic responses. We aimed to explore the association of these hypoxia-related gene polymorphisms with HA appetite loss. In this study, we enrolled 416 young men who rapidly ascended to Lhasa (3700 m) from Chengdu (<500m) by plane. PPARA, EPAS1, EGLN1, HIF1A, HIF1AN, and NFE2L2 were genotyped by MassARRAY. Appetite scores were measured to identify HA appetite loss. Logistic regression and multiple genetic models were tested to evaluate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and risk of HA appetite loss in crude and adjusted (age and SaO2) analysis. Subsequently, Haploview software was used to analyze the linkage disequilibrium (LD), haplotype construction and the association of diverse haplotypes with the risk of HA appetite loss. Our results revealed that allele “A” in PPARA rs4253747 was significantly associated with the increased risk of HA appetite loss. Codominant, dominant, recessive, and log-additive models of PPARA rs4253747 showed the increased risk of HA appetite loss in the crude and adjusted analysis. However, only dominant, overdominant, and log-additive models of EPAS1 rs6756667 showed decreased risk of HA appetite loss in the crude and adjusted analysis. Moreover, the results from haplotype-based test showed that the rs7292407-rs6520015 haplotype “AC” was associated with HA appetite loss in the crude analysis rather than the adjusted analysis. In this study, we first established the association of SNPs in PPARA (rs4253747) and EPAS1 (rs6756667) genes with susceptibility to HA appetite loss in Han Chinese young men. These findings provide novel insights into understanding the mechanisms involved in HA appetite loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxu Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jihang Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Xubin Gao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Hu Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Dehui Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiabei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Shizhu Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
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Stachowiak M, Szczerbal I, Flisikowski K. Investigation of allele-specific expression of genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism suggests complex regulatory mechanisms of PPARGC1A expression in porcine fat tissues. BMC Genet 2018; 19:107. [PMID: 30497374 PMCID: PMC6267897 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-018-0696-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of genes involved in regulating adipogenesis and lipid metabolism may affect economically important fatness traits in pigs. Allele-specific expression (ASE) reflects imbalance between allelic transcript levels and can be used to identify underlying cis-regulatory elements. ASE has not yet been intensively studied in pigs. The aim of this investigation was to analyze the differential allelic expression of four genes, PPARA, PPARG, SREBF1, and PPARGC1A, which are involved in the regulation of fat deposition in porcine subcutaneous and visceral fat and longissimus dorsi muscle. Results Quantification of allelic proportions by pyrosequencing revealed that both alleles of PPARG and SREBF1 are expressed at similar levels. PPARGC1A showed the greatest ASE imbalance in fat deposits in Polish Large White (PLW), Polish Landrace and Pietrain pigs; and PPARA in PLW pigs. Significant deviations of mean PPARGC1A allelic transcript ratio between cDNA and genomic DNA were detected in all tissues, with the most pronounced difference (p < 0.001) in visceral fat of PLW pigs. To search for potential cis-regulatory elements affecting ASE in the PPARGC1A gene we analyzed the effects of four SNPs (rs337351686, rs340650517, rs336405906 and rs345224049) in the promoter region, but none were associated with ASE in the breeds studied. DNA methylation analysis revealed significant CpG methylation differences between samples showing balanced (allelic transcript ratio ≈1) and imbalanced allelic expression for CpG site at the genomic position in chromosome 8 (SSC8): 18527678 in visceral fat (p = 0.017) and two CpG sites (SSC8:18525215, p = 0.030; SSC8:18525237, p = 0.031) in subcutaneous fat. Conclusions Our analysis of differential allelic expression suggests that PPARGC1A is subjected to cis-regulation in porcine fat tissues. Further studies are necessary to identify other regulatory elements localized outside the PPARGC1A proximal promoter region. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12863-018-0696-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Stachowiak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland.
| | - Izabela Szczerbal
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Flisikowski
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmannstr. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
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21
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Liu ZQ, Lee JN, Son M, Lim JY, Dutta RK, Maharjan Y, Kwak S, Oh GT, Byun K, Choe SK, Park R. Ciliogenesis is reciprocally regulated by PPARA and NR1H4/FXR through controlling autophagy in vitro and in vivo. Autophagy 2018; 14:1011-1027. [PMID: 29771182 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2018.1448326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary cilia are evolutionarily conserved microtubule-based cellular organelles that perceive metabolic status and thus link the sensory system to cellular signaling pathways. Therefore, ciliogenesis is thought to be tightly linked to autophagy, which is also regulated by nutrient-sensing transcription factors, such as PPARA (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha) and NR1H4/FXR (nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group H, member 4). However, the relationship between these factors and ciliogenesis has not been clearly demonstrated. Here, we present direct evidence for the involvement of macroautophagic/autophagic regulators in controlling ciliogenesis. We showed that activation of PPARA facilitated ciliogenesis independently of cellular nutritional states. Importantly, PPARA-induced ciliogenesis was mediated by controlling autophagy, since either pharmacological or genetic inactivation of autophagy significantly repressed ciliogenesis. Moreover, we showed that pharmacological activator of autophagy, rapamycin, recovered repressed ciliogenesis in ppara-/- cells. Conversely, activation of NR1H4 repressed cilia formation, while knockdown of NR1H4 enhanced ciliogenesis by inducing autophagy. The reciprocal activities of PPARA and NR1H4 in regulating ciliogenesis were highlighted in a condition where de-repressed ciliogenesis by NR1H4 knockdown was further enhanced by PPARA activation. The in vivo roles of PPARA and NR1H4 in regulating ciliogenesis were examined in greater detail in ppara-/- mice. In response to starvation, ciliogenesis was facilitated in wild-type mice via enhanced autophagy in kidney, while ppara-/- mice displayed impaired autophagy and kidney damage resembling ciliopathy. Furthermore, an NR1H4 agonist exacerbated kidney damage associated with starvation in ppara-/- mice. These findings indicate a previously unknown role for PPARA and NR1H4 in regulating the autophagy-ciliogenesis axis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qiang Liu
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Joon No Lee
- b Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering , Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology , Gwangju , Korea
| | - Myeongjoo Son
- d Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine , Incheon , Korea.,e Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory , Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Raghbendra Kumar Dutta
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Yunash Maharjan
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - SeongAe Kwak
- c Zoonosis Research Center , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- f Laboratory of Cardiovascular Genomics, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- d Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , Gachon University Graduate School of Medicine , Incheon , Korea.,e Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory , Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University , Incheon , Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- a Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation , Wonkwang University School of Medicine , Iksan , Jeonbuk , Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- b Department of Biomedical Science & Engineering , Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology , Gwangju , Korea
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Li G, Brocker CN, Yan T, Xie C, Krausz KW, Xiang R, Gonzalez FJ. Metabolic adaptation to intermittent fasting is independent of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Mol Metab 2017; 7:80-89. [PMID: 29146411 PMCID: PMC5784329 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) is a major regulator of fatty acid oxidation and severe hepatic steatosis occurs during acute fasting in Ppara-null mice. Thus, PPARA is considered an important mediator of the fasting response; however, its role in other fasting regiments such as every-other-day fasting (EODF) has not been investigated. Methods Mice were pre-conditioned using either a diet containing the potent PPARA agonist Wy-14643 or an EODF regimen prior to acute fasting. Ppara-null mice were used to assess the contribution of PPARA activation during the metabolic response to EODF. Livers were collected for histological, biochemical, qRT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. Results Acute fasting activated PPARA and led to steatosis, whereas EODF protected against fasting-induced hepatic steatosis without affecting PPARA signaling. In contrast, pretreatment with Wy-14,643 did activate PPARA signaling but did not ameliorate acute fasting-induced steatosis and unexpectedly promoted liver injury. Ppara ablation exacerbated acute fasting-induced hypoglycemia, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury in mice, whereas these detrimental effects were absent in response to EODF, which promoted PPARA-independent fatty acid metabolism and normalized serum lipids. Conclusions These findings indicate that PPARA activation prior to acute fasting cannot ameliorate fasting-induced hepatic steatosis, whereas EODF induced metabolic adaptations to protect against fasting-induced steatosis without altering PPARA signaling. Therefore, PPARA activation does not mediate the metabolic adaptation to fasting, at least in preventing acute fasting-induced steatosis. Wy-14,643 activates PPARA but does not alleviate acute fasting-induced steatosis. EODF prevents acute fasting-induced steatosis but does not activate PPARA. EODF protects against fasting-induced steatosis, even in Ppara-null mice. EODF normalizes serum acylcarnitines in Ppara-null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolin Li
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Laboratory of Aging Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; The Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
| | - Chad N Brocker
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tingting Yan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kristopher W Krausz
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rong Xiang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 41001, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Falvella FS, Ricci E, Cheli S, Resnati C, Cozzi V, Cattaneo D, Gervasoni C, Clementi E, Galli M, Riva A. Pharmacogenetics-based optimisation of atazanavir treatment: potential role of new genetic predictors. Drug Metab Pers Ther 2017; 32:115-117. [PMID: 28599374 DOI: 10.1515/dmpt-2017-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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Chen Z, Luo J, Sun S, Cao D, Shi H, Loor JJ. miR-148a and miR-17-5p synergistically regulate milk TAG synthesis via PPARGC1A and PPARA in goat mammary epithelial cells. RNA Biol 2017; 14:326-338. [PMID: 28095188 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2016.1276149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are a class of '18-25' nt RNA molecules which regulate gene expression and play an important role in several biologic processes including fatty acid metabolism. Here we used S-Poly (T) and high-throughput sequencing to evaluate the expression of miRNA and mRNA during early-lactation and in the non-lactating ("dry") period in goat mammary gland tissue. Results indicated that miR-148a, miR-17-5p, PPARGC1A and PPARA are highly expressed in the goat mammary gland in early-lactation and non-lactating periods. Utilizing a Luciferase reporter assay and Western Blot, PPARA, an important regulator of fatty acid oxidation, and PGC1a (PPARGC1A), a major regulator of fat metabolism, were demonstrated to be targets of miR-148a and miR-17-5p in goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs). It was also revealed that miR-148a expression can regulate PPARA, and miR-17-5p represses PPARGC1A in GMECs. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-148a and miR-17-5p promoted triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis while the knockdown of miR-148a and miR-17-5p impaired TAG synthesis in GMEC. These findings underscore the importance of miR-148a and miR-17-5p as key components in the regulation of TAG synthesis. In addition, miR-148a cooperates with miR-17-5p to regulate fatty acid metabolism by repressing PPARGC1A and PPARA in GMECs. Further studies on the functional role of miRNAs in lipid metabolism of ruminant mammary cells seem warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- a Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture , College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Jun Luo
- a Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture , College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Shuang Sun
- a Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture , College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Duoyao Cao
- a Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture , College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Huaiping Shi
- a Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture , College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University , Yangling , Shaanxi , P.R. China
| | - Juan J Loor
- b Mammalian Nutrition Physiology Genomics, Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences , University of Illinois , Urbana , IL , USA
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Zhao G, Liu M, Wu X, Li G, Qiu F, Gu J, Zhao L. Effect of polymorphisms in CYP3A4, PPARA, NR1I2, NFKB1, ABCG2 and SLCO1B1 on the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin in healthy Chinese volunteers. Pharmacogenomics 2016; 18:65-75. [PMID: 27967318 DOI: 10.2217/pgs.16.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study examined whether gene polymorphisms (CYP3A4, ABCG2, SLCO1B1, NR1I2, PPARA and NFKB1) influenced the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin in Chinese healthy subjects. PATIENTS & METHOD Plasma concentrations of lovastatin and lovastatin acid were quantified using LC/MS/MS. RESULTS PPARA c.208+3819 G allele carriers had approximately twofold higher AUC0-∞ and Cmax of lovastatin than wild-type (PPARA c.208+3819 AA) subjects. After adjustment for the PPARA variants, subjects with the SLCO1B1 521TT genotype had approximately 50% lower AUC0-∞ of lovastatin acid than those with 521TC/CC genotypes, while the AUC0-∞ of lovastatin lactone in NFKB1-94 DD wild-type carriers was twofold higher than in mutant homozygotes carriers. CONCLUSION Gene polymorphisms of PPARA, SLCO1B1 and NFKB1 affected the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilian Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.,Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiujun Wu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacokinetics of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 33 Beiling Street Huanggu District, Shenyang 110032, China
| | - Guofei Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism, College of Life Science, Jilin University, No. 2699 Qianjin Street Chaoyang District, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Street Heping District, Shenyang 110004, China
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Ratziu V, Harrison SA, Francque S, Bedossa P, Lehert P, Serfaty L, Romero-Gomez M, Boursier J, Abdelmalek M, Caldwell S, Drenth J, Anstee QM, Hum D, Hanf R, Roudot A, Megnien S, Staels B, Sanyal A, Gournay J, Nguyen-Khac E, De Ledinghen V, Larrey D, Tran A, Bourliere M, Maynard-Muet M, Asselah T, Henrion J, Nevens F, Cassiman D, Geerts A, Moreno C, Beuers U, Galle P, Spengler U, Bugianesi E, Craxi A, Angelico M, Fargion S, Voiculescu M, Gheorghe L, Preotescu L, Caballeria J, Andrade R, Crespo J, Callera J, Ala A, Aithal G, Abouda G, Luketic V, Huang M, Gordon S, Pockros P, Poordad F, Shores N, Moehlen M, Bambha K, Clark V, Satapathy S, Parekh S, Reddy R, Sheikh M, Szabo G, Vierling J, Foster T, Umpierrez G, Chang C, Box T, Gallegos-Orozco J. Elafibranor, an Agonist of the Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-α and -δ, Induces Resolution of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Without Fibrosis Worsening. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:1147-1159.e5. [PMID: 26874076 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 719] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Elafibranor is an agonist of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ. Elafibranor improves insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation. We assessed the safety and efficacy of elafibranor in an international, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS Patients with NASH without cirrhosis were randomly assigned to groups given elafibranor 80 mg (n = 93), elafibranor 120 mg (n = 91), or placebo (n = 92) each day for 52 weeks at sites in Europe and the United States. Clinical and laboratory evaluations were performed every 2 months during this 1-year period. Liver biopsies were then collected and patients were assessed 3 months later. The primary outcome was resolution of NASH without fibrosis worsening, using protocol-defined and modified definitions. Data from the groups given the different doses of elafibranor were compared with those from the placebo group using step-down logistic regression, adjusting for baseline nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score. RESULTS In intention-to-treat analysis, there was no significant difference between the elafibranor and placebo groups in the protocol-defined primary outcome. However, NASH resolved without fibrosis worsening in a higher proportion of patients in the 120-mg elafibranor group vs the placebo group (19% vs 12%; odds ratio = 2.31; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-5.24; P = .045), based on a post-hoc analysis for the modified definition. In post-hoc analyses of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease activity score ≥4 (n = 234), elafibranor 120 mg resolved NASH in larger proportions of patients than placebo based on the protocol definition (20% vs 11%; odds ratio = 3.16; 95% confidence interval: 1.22-8.13; P = .018) and the modified definitions (19% vs 9%; odds ratio = 3.52; 95% confidence interval: 1.32-9.40; P = .013). Patients with NASH resolution after receiving elafibranor 120 mg had reduced liver fibrosis stages compared with those without NASH resolution (mean reduction of 0.65 ± 0.61 in responders for the primary outcome vs an increase of 0.10 ± 0.98 in nonresponders; P < .001). Liver enzymes, lipids, glucose profiles, and markers of systemic inflammation were significantly reduced in the elafibranor 120-mg group vs the placebo group. Elafibranor was well tolerated and did not cause weight gain or cardiac events, but did produce a mild, reversible increase in serum creatinine (effect size vs placebo: increase of 4.31 ± 1.19 μmol/L; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A post-hoc analysis of data from trial of patients with NASH showed that elafibranor (120 mg/d for 1 year) resolved NASH without fibrosis worsening, based on a modified definition, in the intention-to-treat analysis and in patients with moderate or severe NASH. However, the predefined end point was not met in the intention to treat population. Elafibranor was well tolerated and improved patients' cardiometabolic risk profile. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01694849.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Ratziu
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, INSERM, UMRS 938, Paris, France.
| | - Stephen A Harrison
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Service, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Sven Francque
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pierre Bedossa
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Beaujon, University Paris-Denis Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Lehert
- Department of Psychiatry, the University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Economics, University of Louvain UCL, Belgique, Belgium
| | - Lawrence Serfaty
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Manuel Romero-Gomez
- Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases and CIBERehd, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Sevilla
| | - Jérôme Boursier
- Hepatology Department, University Hospital and LUNAM University, Angers, France
| | | | - Steve Caldwell
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Joost Drenth
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Quentin M Anstee
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Bart Staels
- University of Lille, INSERM UMR1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Lille, France
| | - Arun Sanyal
- Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Stachowiak M, Szydlowski M, Flisikowski K, Flisikowska T, Bartz M, Schnieke A, Switonski M. Polymorphism in 3' untranslated region of the pig PPARA gene influences its transcript level and is associated with adipose tissue accumulation. J Anim Sci 2014; 92:2363-71. [PMID: 24671595 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2013-7509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The PPARA (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α) gene encodes a nuclear receptor that plays an important role in fatty acid catabolism by transcriptional regulation of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and can be considered as a candidate gene for fatness traits in the pig. The aim of the study was to search for a functional polymorphism in 3' untranslated region (UTR), their association with production traits, and postnatal PPARA transcript level in 2 skeletal muscles (longissimus and semimembranosus) of 5 commercial pig breeds (Polish Landrace [PL], Polish Large White [PLW], Duroc, Pietrain, and Pulawska). Altogether, 9 novel polymorphisms (8 SNP and 1 indel) were found in the 3' UTR. The in silico analysis revealed 6 putative microRNA target sequences in the analyzed region. The c.*636A>G substitution was widely distributed across breeds and located near the putative target sequence for miR-224. The relative PPARA transcript level was higher (P < 0.05) in LM of AA than in those of GG homozygous animals for SNP c.*636A>G. The luciferase assay revealed that miR-224 probably acts as a negative regulator of the PPARA expression in pig adipocytes (P = 2.9 × 10(-7)), but we did not observe the effect of the A or G alleles on the interaction between miR-224 and its putative target sequence. We hypothesize that the 2 predominant haplotypes, differing at 4 sites (including c.*636A>G), present different architecture of its 3' UTR and it could affect the level of the transcript. The c.*636A>G SNP, analyzed in PL and PLW, was significantly associated with backfat thickness at 3 points (P < 0.05) and intramuscular fat content (P < 0.01) in PL. Suggestive associations were found between 4 SNP (c.*321A>C, c.*324G>C, c.*626T>C, and c.*636A>G) and fatty acid contents in LM and subcutaneous and visceral fat tissue of PL, PLW, Duroc and Pietrain pigs. The PPARA mRNA level was higher in semimembranosus muscle than in LM (P = 8.38 × 10(-12)) in a general comparison and the same trend was found in most breeds (except for PL) and at all tested days of age (60, 90, 120, 150, 180, and 210 d). The effect of breed was highly significant in a general comparison (P = 0.48 × 10(-8)), but there was no common expression pattern in both muscles among different age groups. We conclude that the c.*636A>G SNP in the PPARA gene can be considered in PL breed as a useful genetic marker for adipose tissue accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stachowiak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - M Szydlowski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - K Flisikowski
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - T Flisikowska
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - M Bartz
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - A Schnieke
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - M Switonski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wolynska 33, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Kalthoff S, Winkler A, Freiberg N, Manns MP, Strassburg CP. Gender matters: estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1 and 2 control the gender-specific transcriptional regulation of human uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases genes (UGT1A). J Hepatol 2013; 59:797-804. [PMID: 23714156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Gender influences incidence, progression, and therapy of hepatogastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism of gender-specific UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT1A) regulation, representing important hepatogastrointestinal detoxification enzymes for xenobiotics, drugs, and endobiotics. METHODS UGT1A-gene activation was studied by reporter gene experiments and estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1/ERα) co-transfection using KYSE70- and HepG2 cells (male origin), and SW403 cells (female origin). Cell lines, and humanized transgenic UGT1A (htgUGT1A) mice (female/male) were treated with the ERα inhibitor tamoxifen. UGT1A mRNA expression was analyzed by TaqMan PCR, the recruitment of ERα, histone deacetylases (HDAC), and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and ERα expression in gastrointestinal mouse tissues by Western blot and immunofluorescence. RESULTS In KYSE70 cells (male), UGT1A gene expression was induced 5-10 fold, and inhibited in the presence of ERα by 55-77%. In SW403 (female) cells, absent inducibility was restored after tamoxifen treatment. In the jejunum and colon of tgUGT1A mice, UGT1A induction that was exclusively detected in male mice could be restored in female mice after tamoxifen pre-treatment. ChIP assays demonstrated the recruitment of ERα and HDACs to the xenobiotic response elements of UGT1A promoters during gene repression. Western blot showed higher ERα expression in the female jejunum and colon. CONCLUSIONS We show gender-specific transcriptional control of UGT1A genes in jejunum and colon, which is repressed by ERα and the recruitment of HDCAs to the UGT1A promoter sequence in females. A molecular mechanism controlling gender-specific drug metabolism and its therapeutic reversal is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kalthoff
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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