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Dhillon P, Park J, Hurtado Del Pozo C, Li L, Doke T, Huang S, Zhao J, Kang HM, Shrestra R, Balzer MS, Chatterjee S, Prado P, Han SY, Liu H, Sheng X, Dierickx P, Batmanov K, Romero JP, Prósper F, Li M, Pei L, Kim J, Montserrat N, Susztak K. The Nuclear Receptor ESRRA Protects from Kidney Disease by Coupling Metabolism and Differentiation. Cell Metab 2021; 33:379-394.e8. [PMID: 33301705 PMCID: PMC9259369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is poorly understood because of the organ's cellular diversity. We used single-cell RNA sequencing not only in resolving differences in injured kidney tissue cellular composition but also in cell-type-specific gene expression in mouse models of kidney disease. This analysis highlighted major changes in cellular diversity in kidney disease, which markedly impacted whole-kidney transcriptomics outputs. Cell-type-specific differential expression analysis identified proximal tubule (PT) cells as the key vulnerable cell type. Through unbiased cell trajectory analyses, we show that PT cell differentiation is altered in kidney disease. Metabolism (fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation) in PT cells showed the strongest and most reproducible association with PT cell differentiation and disease. Coupling of cell differentiation and the metabolism was established by nuclear receptors (estrogen-related receptor alpha [ESRRA] and peroxisomal proliferation-activated receptor alpha [PPARA]) that directly control metabolic and PT-cell-specific gene expression in mice and patient samples while protecting from kidney disease in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dhillon
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Carmen Hurtado Del Pozo
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomohito Doke
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Laboratory of Disease Modeling and Therapeutics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rojesh Shrestra
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shatakshee Chatterjee
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Prado
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seung Yub Han
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan P Romero
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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2
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Sharma M, Arora I, Stoll ML, Li Y, Morrow CD, Barnes S, Berryhill TF, Li S, Tollefsbol TO. Nutritional combinatorial impact on the gut microbiota and plasma short-chain fatty acids levels in the prevention of mammary cancer in Her2/neu estrogen receptor-negative transgenic mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234893. [PMID: 33382695 PMCID: PMC7774855 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Various nutritional compounds possess anti-carcinogenic properties which may be mediated through their effects on the gut microbiota and its production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) for the prevention of breast cancer. We evaluated the impact of broccoli sprouts (BSp), green tea polyphenols (GTPs) and their combination on the gut microbiota and SCFAs metabolism from the microbiota in Her2/neu transgenic mice that spontaneously develop estrogen receptor-negative [ER(-)] mammary tumors. The mice were grouped based on the dietary treatment: control, BSp, GTPs or their combination from beginning in early life (BE) or life-long from conception (LC). We found that the combination group showed the strongest inhibiting effect on tumor growth volume and a significant increase in tumor latency. BSp treatment was integrally more efficacious than the GTPs group when compared to the control group. There was similar clustering of microbiota of BSp-fed mice with combination-fed mice, and GTPs-fed mice with control-fed mice at pre-tumor in the BE group and at pre-tumor and post-tumor in the LC group. The mice on all dietary treatment groups incurred a significant increase of Adlercreutzia, Lactobacillus genus and Lachnospiraceae, S24-7 family in the both BE and LC groups. We found no change in SCFAs levels in the plasma of BSp-fed, GTPs-fed and combination-fed mice of the BE group. Marked changes were observed in the mice of the LC group consisting of significant increases in propionate and isobutyrate in GTPs-fed and combination-fed mice. These studies indicate that nutrients such as BSp and GTPs differentially affect the gut microbial composition in both the BE and LC groups and the key metabolites (SCFAs) levels in the LC group. The findings also suggest that temporal factors related to different time windows of consumption during the life-span can have a promising influence on the gut microbial composition, SCFAs profiles and ER(-) breast cancer prevention.
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MESH Headings
- Actinobacteria/drug effects
- Actinobacteria/isolation & purification
- Actinobacteria/physiology
- Animals
- Brassica/chemistry
- Clostridiales/drug effects
- Clostridiales/isolation & purification
- Clostridiales/physiology
- Diet/methods
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/blood
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology
- Gene Expression
- Lactobacillus/drug effects
- Lactobacillus/isolation & purification
- Lactobacillus/physiology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/blood
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/prevention & control
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Polyphenols/chemistry
- Polyphenols/pharmacology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/deficiency
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Seedlings/chemistry
- Tea/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvi Sharma
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Itika Arora
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Matthew L Stoll
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Heath, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Casey D Morrow
- Department of Cell, Developmental & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Stephen Barnes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Targeted Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Taylor F Berryhill
- Targeted Metabolomics and Proteomics Laboratory, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Shizhao Li
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
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3
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Gohar EY, Daugherty EM, Aceves JO, Sedaka R, Obi IE, Allan JM, Soliman RH, Jin C, De Miguel C, Lindsey SH, Pollock JS, Pollock DM. Evidence for G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor as a Pronatriuretic Factor. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015110. [PMID: 32390531 PMCID: PMC7660860 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.015110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background The novel estrogen receptor, G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), is responsible for rapid estrogen signaling. GPER activation elicits cardiovascular and nephroprotective effects against salt-induced complications, yet there is no direct evidence for GPER control of renal Na+ handling. We hypothesized that GPER activation in the renal medulla facilitates Na+ excretion. Methods and Results Herein, we show that infusion of the GPER agonist, G1, to the renal medulla increased Na+ excretion in female Sprague Dawley rats, but not male rats. We found that GPER mRNA expression and protein abundance were markedly higher in outer medullary tissues from females relative to males. Blockade of GPER in the renal medulla attenuated Na+ excretion in females. Given that medullary endothelin 1 is a well-established natriuretic factor that is regulated by sex and sex steroids, we hypothesized that GPER activation promotes natriuresis via an endothelin 1-dependent pathway. To test this mechanism, we determined the effect of medullary infusion of G1 after blockade of endothelin receptors. Dual endothelin receptor subtype A and endothelin receptor subtype B antagonism attenuated G1-induced natriuresis in females. Unlike males, female mice with genetic deletion of GPER had reduced endothelin 1, endothelin receptor subtype A, and endothelin receptor subtype B mRNA expression compared with wild-type controls. More important, we found that systemic GPER activation ameliorates the increase in mean arterial pressure induced by ovariectomy. Conclusions Our data uncover a novel role for renal medullary GPER in promoting Na+ excretion via an endothelin 1-dependent pathway in female rats, but not in males. These results highlight GPER as a potential therapeutic target for salt-sensitive hypertension in postmenopausal women.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cyclopentanes/pharmacology
- Endothelin-1/genetics
- Endothelin-1/metabolism
- Estradiol/metabolism
- Estrogens/pharmacology
- Female
- Kidney Medulla/drug effects
- Kidney Medulla/metabolism
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Natriuresis/drug effects
- Ovariectomy
- Quinolines/pharmacology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptor, Endothelin A/genetics
- Receptor, Endothelin A/metabolism
- Receptor, Endothelin B/genetics
- Receptor, Endothelin B/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/agonists
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/deficiency
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Sex Factors
- Signal Transduction
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Y. Gohar
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | | | - Jeffrey O. Aceves
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Randee Sedaka
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Ijeoma E. Obi
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - J. Miller Allan
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Reham H. Soliman
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Chunhua Jin
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Carmen De Miguel
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - Sarah H. Lindsey
- Department of PharmacologySchool of MedicineTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA
| | - Jennifer S. Pollock
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
| | - David M. Pollock
- Division of NephrologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamAL
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4
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Shanmugasundaram K, Shao P, Chen H, Campos B, McHardy SF, Luo T, Rao H. A modular PROTAC design for target destruction using a degradation signal based on a single amino acid. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:15172-15175. [PMID: 31511327 PMCID: PMC6791330 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ac119.010790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are bivalent molecules that bring a cellular protein to a ubiquitin ligase E3 for ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Although PROTAC has emerged as a promising therapeutic means for cancers as it rewires the ubiquitin pathway to destroy key cancer regulators, the degradation signals/pathways for PROTACs remain underdeveloped. Here we append single amino acids, the simplest degradation signal, to a ligand specific for estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) and demonstrate their utility in ERRα knockdown via the N-end rule pathway and also their efficiency in the growth inhibition of breast cancer cells. The modular design described offers unique advantages including smaller molecular size with shortest degradation sequences and degradation speed modulation with different amino acids. Our study expands the repertoire of limited ubiquitin pathways currently available for PROTACs and could be easily adapted for broad use in targeted protein degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peng Shao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Han Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bismarck Campos
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas 78249
| | - Stanton F McHardy
- Center for Innovative Drug Discovery, University of Texas, San Antonio, Texas 78249
| | - Tuoping Luo
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hai Rao
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health, San Antonio, Texas 78229
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5
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Rueda OM, Sammut SJ, Seoane JA, Chin SF, Caswell-Jin JL, Callari M, Batra R, Pereira B, Bruna A, Ali HR, Provenzano E, Liu B, Parisien M, Gillett C, McKinney S, Green AR, Murphy L, Purushotham A, Ellis IO, Pharoah PD, Rueda C, Aparicio S, Caldas C, Curtis C. Dynamics of breast-cancer relapse reveal late-recurring ER-positive genomic subgroups. Nature 2019; 567:399-404. [PMID: 30867590 PMCID: PMC6647838 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1007-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The rates and routes of lethal systemic spread in breast cancer are poorly understood owing to a lack of molecularly characterized patient cohorts with long-term, detailed follow-up data. Long-term follow-up is especially important for those with oestrogen-receptor (ER)-positive breast cancers, which can recur up to two decades after initial diagnosis1-6. It is therefore essential to identify patients who have a high risk of late relapse7-9. Here we present a statistical framework that models distinct disease stages (locoregional recurrence, distant recurrence, breast-cancer-related death and death from other causes) and competing risks of mortality from breast cancer, while yielding individual risk-of-recurrence predictions. We apply this model to 3,240 patients with breast cancer, including 1,980 for whom molecular data are available, and delineate spatiotemporal patterns of relapse across different categories of molecular information (namely immunohistochemical subtypes; PAM50 subtypes, which are based on gene-expression patterns10,11; and integrative or IntClust subtypes, which are based on patterns of genomic copy-number alterations and gene expression12,13). We identify four late-recurring integrative subtypes, comprising about one quarter (26%) of tumours that are both positive for ER and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, each with characteristic tumour-driving alterations in genomic copy number and a high risk of recurrence (mean 47-62%) up to 20 years after diagnosis. We also define a subgroup of triple-negative breast cancers in which cancer rarely recurs after five years, and a separate subgroup in which patients remain at risk. Use of the integrative subtypes improves the prediction of late, distant relapse beyond what is possible with clinical covariates (nodal status, tumour size, tumour grade and immunohistochemical subtype). These findings highlight opportunities for improved patient stratification and biomarker-driven clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar M Rueda
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen-John Sammut
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jose A Seoane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Suet-Feung Chin
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer L Caswell-Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maurizio Callari
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rajbir Batra
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bernard Pereira
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alejandra Bruna
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - H Raza Ali
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Elena Provenzano
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bin Liu
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michelle Parisien
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Cheryl Gillett
- NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and Research Oncology, Cancer Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Steven McKinney
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Andrew R Green
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Leigh Murphy
- Research Institute in Oncology and Hematology, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre at Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and Research Oncology, Cancer Division, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ian O Ellis
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham and Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Paul D Pharoah
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Rueda
- Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Samuel Aparicio
- Department of Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carlos Caldas
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and Department of Oncology, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and Cambridge Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Christina Curtis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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6
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Cohen DJ, Patel V, Verma A, Boyan BD, Schwartz Z. Effect of 17β-estradiol on estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cells in an osteolytic mouse model. Steroids 2019; 142:28-33. [PMID: 29133279 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol (E2) promotes metastasis of triple negative breast cancer cells to bone. Recent studies show many triple negative breast cancer cell lines lacking the 66 kDa estrogen receptor (ER) alpha (ERα66) or its splice variant ERα46, express another splice variant, ERα36 associated with membrane-mediated rapid actions of the hormone. qPCR and western blot confirmed that MCF7 cells possessed ERα splice variants ERα66, ERα46 and ERα36, while ER-negative breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 possessed only ERα36. MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were implanted into medullary canals of ovariectomized female athymic nude mice femurs (N = 8 mice/treatment). To examine the effect of E2 on osteolysis, mice were treated with 0.72 mg E2 or placebo via 60 day release osmotic pumps implanted subcutaneously. Legs were examined by Faxitron through the course of the study, and by microCT and histology after 8 weeks. Greater occurrence of osteolysis and pathologic fracture was observed in E2-treated animals compared to placebo, and microCT demonstrated less bone volume remaining in MDA-MB-231 treated legs compared to contralateral control legs, as well as E2-treated animals compared to placebo. E2-treated animals had significantly greater tumor volume compared to placebo. Large nests of anaplastic tumor cells with eroded cortical margin were observed in E2-treated animals compared to placebo. MDA MB 231 breast cancer cells positive for ERα36 but negative for ERα46/66 had enhanced osteolysis, pathologic fractures, and tumor volume in an in vivo osteolytic mouse model when treated with 17β-estradiol compared to placebo, demonstrating a role for ERα36 in bone tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Joshua Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Vaidehi Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Anjali Verma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Barbara D Boyan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Zvi Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA; Department of Periodontics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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7
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Tsushida K, Tanabe K, Masuda K, Tanimura S, Miyake H, Arata Y, Sugiyama H, Wada J. Estrogen-related receptor α is essential for maintaining mitochondrial integrity in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 498:918-924. [PMID: 29545177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with not only higher in-hospital mortality but also the subsequent development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent evidence has suggested the involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired dynamics in the pathogenesis of AKI. Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is an orphan nuclear receptor that acts as a transcription factor to regulate the transcription of genes required for mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation. In the present study, we examined the effects of ERRα deficiency on the progression of AKI induced by cisplatin. Male C57BL/6 J wild-type and ERRα-/- mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 20 mg/kg cisplatin. Seventy-two hours after the injection, kidney function and morphology were evaluated. ERRα expression was observed in renal tubules, and cisplatin inhibited its translocation into nuclei. ERRα deficiency exacerbated cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction and tubular injury, as well as oxidative stress and apoptosis. ERRα-/- mice kidneys revealed lower mitochondrial DNA content and swollen mitochondria with reduced cristae. In addition, these mice had lower expression of the mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin-2. The cisplatin-induced decrease in mitochondrial DNA and altered mitochondrial structure were more severe in ERRα-/- mice. In cultured mouse proximal tubular epithelial cells, the ERRα inverse agonist XCT-790 significantly inhibited mitofusin-2 expression and induced mitochondrial fragmentation. Taken together, our findings suggest the involvement of ERRα in the progression of cisplatin-induced AKI probably through impaired mitochondrial dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Tsushida
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Tanabe
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Kana Masuda
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Tanimura
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Miyake
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Arata
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Sugiyama
- Department of Human Resource Development of Dialysis Therapy for Kidney Disease, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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8
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Hsu KW, Huang CY, Tam KW, Lin CY, Huang LC, Lin CL, Hsieh WS, Chi WM, Chang YJ, Wei PL, Chen ST, Lee CH. The Application of Non-Invasive Apoptosis Detection Sensor (NIADS) on Histone Deacetylation Inhibitor (HDACi)-Induced Breast Cancer Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020452. [PMID: 29393914 PMCID: PMC5855674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and the second leading cause of cancer death in women. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is a breast cancer subset without ER (estrogen receptor), PR (progesterone receptor) and HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) expression, limiting treatment options and presenting a poorer survival rate. Thus, we investigated whether histone deacetylation inhibitor (HDACi) could be used as potential anti-cancer therapy on breast cancer cells. In this study, we found TNBC and HER2-enriched breast cancers are extremely sensitive to Panobinostat, Belinostat of HDACi via experiments of cell viability assay, apoptotic marker identification and flow cytometry measurement. On the other hand, we developed a bioluminescence-based live cell non-invasive apoptosis detection sensor (NIADS) detection system to evaluate the quantitative and kinetic analyses of apoptotic cell death by HDAC treatment on breast cancer cells. In addition, the use of HDACi may also contribute a synergic anti-cancer effect with co-treatment of chemotherapeutic agent such as doxorubicin on TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231), but not in breast normal epithelia cells (MCF-10A), providing therapeutic benefits against breast tumor in the clinic.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biological Assay
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Epithelial Cells/drug effects
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Histone Deacetylases/genetics
- Histone Deacetylases/metabolism
- Humans
- Hydroxamic Acids/pharmacology
- Indoles/pharmacology
- Mammary Glands, Human/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Human/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Human/pathology
- Panobinostat
- Receptor, ErbB-2/deficiency
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/deficiency
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Sulfonamides/pharmacology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Wen Hsu
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institutes of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yu Huang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (K.-W.T.); (Y.-J.C.); (P.-L.W.)
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561,Taiwan
| | - Ka-Wai Tam
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (K.-W.T.); (Y.-J.C.); (P.-L.W.)
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561,Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan;
- Bioinformatics Center, Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Li-Chi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan; (L.-C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Ching-Ling Lin
- Department of Endocrinology and metabolism, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 10630, Taiwan; (L.-C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Wen-Shyang Hsieh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 23561, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); (W.-M.C.)
| | - Wei-Ming Chi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 23561, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); (W.-M.C.)
| | - Yu-Jia Chang
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (K.-W.T.); (Y.-J.C.); (P.-L.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Po-Li Wei
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (C.-Y.H.); (K.-W.T.); (Y.-J.C.); (P.-L.W.)
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Research Center and Translational Laboratory, Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Tung Chen
- Comprehensive Breast Cancer Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 50006, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-T.C.); (C.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3331) (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chia-Hwa Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 23561, Taiwan; (W.-S.H.); (W.-M.C.)
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Medicine Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-T.C.); (C.-H.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2736-1661 (ext. 3331) (C.-H.L.)
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9
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Abstract
Estrogens have historically been associated with female reproduction, but work over the last two decades established that estrogens and their main nuclear receptors (ESR1 and ESR2) and G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) also regulate male reproductive and nonreproductive organs. 17β-Estradiol (E2) is measureable in blood of men and males of other species, but in rete testis fluids, E2 reaches concentrations normally found only in females and in some species nanomolar concentrations of estrone sulfate are found in semen. Aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens, is expressed in Leydig cells, seminiferous epithelium, and other male organs. Early studies showed E2 binding in numerous male tissues, and ESR1 and ESR2 each show unique distributions and actions in males. Exogenous estrogen treatment produced male reproductive pathologies in laboratory animals and men, especially during development, and studies with transgenic mice with compromised estrogen signaling demonstrated an E2 role in normal male physiology. Efferent ductules and epididymal functions are dependent on estrogen signaling through ESR1, whose loss impaired ion transport and water reabsorption, resulting in abnormal sperm. Loss of ESR1 or aromatase also produces effects on nonreproductive targets such as brain, adipose, skeletal muscle, bone, cardiovascular, and immune tissues. Expression of GPER is extensive in male tracts, suggesting a possible role for E2 signaling through this receptor in male reproduction. Recent evidence also indicates that membrane ESR1 has critical roles in male reproduction. Thus estrogens are important physiological regulators in males, and future studies may reveal additional roles for estrogen signaling in various target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul S Cooke
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Manjunatha K Nanjappa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gail S Prins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rex A Hess
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois; Department of Urology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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10
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Wright LE, Harhash AA, Kozlow WM, Waning DL, Regan JN, She Y, John SK, Murthy S, Niewolna M, Marks AR, Mohammad KS, Guise TA. Aromatase inhibitor-induced bone loss increases the progression of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer in bone and exacerbates muscle weakness in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:8406-8419. [PMID: 28039445 PMCID: PMC5352410 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) cause muscle weakness, bone loss, and joint pain in up to half of cancer patients. Preclinical studies have demonstrated that increased osteoclastic bone resorption can impair muscle contractility and prime the bone microenvironment to accelerate metastatic growth. We hypothesized that AI-induced bone loss could increase breast cancer progression in bone and exacerbate muscle weakness associated with bone metastases. Female athymic nude mice underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or sham surgery and were treated with vehicle or AI (letrozole; Let). An OVX-Let group was then further treated with bisphosphonate (zoledronic acid; Zol). At week three, trabecular bone volume was measured and mice were inoculated with MDA-MB-231 cells into the cardiac ventricle and followed for progression of bone metastases. Five weeks after tumor cell inoculation, tumor-induced osteolytic lesion area was increased in OVX-Let mice and reduced in OVX-Let-Zol mice compared to sham-vehicle. Tumor burden in bone was increased in OVX-Let mice relative to sham-vehicle and OVX-Let-Zol mice. At the termination of the study, muscle-specific force of the extensor digitorum longus muscle was reduced in OVX-Let mice compared to sham-vehicle mice, however, the addition of Zol improved muscle function. In summary, AI treatment induced bone loss and skeletal muscle weakness, recapitulating effects observed in cancer patients. Prevention of AI-induced osteoclastic bone resorption using a bisphosphonate attenuated the development of breast cancer bone metastases and improved muscle function in mice. These findings highlight the bone microenvironment as a modulator of tumor growth locally and muscle function systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Wright
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ahmed A. Harhash
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wende M. Kozlow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - David L. Waning
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Jenna N. Regan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yun She
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sutha K. John
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sreemala Murthy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Maryla Niewolna
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Andrew R. Marks
- Department of Physiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Khalid S. Mohammad
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Theresa A. Guise
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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11
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Jacob DA, Temple JL, Patisaul HB, Young LJ, Rissman EF. Coumestrol Antagonizes Neuroendocrine Actions of Estrogen via the Estrogen Receptor α. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 226:301-6. [PMID: 11368421 DOI: 10.1177/153537020122600406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytoestrogen coumestrol has estrogenic actions on peripheral reproductive tissues. Yet in the brain this compound has both estrogenic and anti-estrogenic effects. We used estrogen receptor α knockout mice (ERαKO) to determine whether coumestrol has estrogenic actions in mice and also if these effects are mediated by the classic ERα. Female wild-type (WT) and ERαKO mice were ovariectomized and treated with estradiol (E2), dietary coumestrol, both, or neither compound. Ten days later the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected, and brain tissues were perfused. Fixed brains were sectioned and immunocytochemistry was employed to quantify progesterone receptors (PR) in the medial preoptic (POA) and ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN). Plasma was assayed for luteinizing hormone (LH). Estrogen treatment induced PR immunoreactivity in both regions in brains of WT females. In ERαKO mice, lower levels of PR were induced. The stimulatory effects of E2 on PR were attenuated in the POA by cotreatment with coumestrol, and the same trend was noted in the VMN. WT ovariectomized females treated with E2 had low levels of LH, while LH was high in untreated females and even higher in ovariectomized females treated with coumestrol. ERαKO females in all treatment groups had high levels of LH. Taken together, the results show that coumestrol has anti-estrogenic actions in the brain and pituitary and that ERα mediates these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Jacob
- Department of Biology and Neuroscience Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22904-4328, USA
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12
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De Jesús-Cortés H, Lu Y, Anderson RM, Khan MZ, Nath V, McDaniel L, Lutter M, Radley JJ, Pieper AA, Cui H. Loss of estrogen-related receptor alpha disrupts ventral-striatal synaptic function in female mice. Neuroscience 2016; 329:66-73. [PMID: 27155145 PMCID: PMC8916097 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge-ED, are mental illnesses characterized by high morbidity and mortality. While several studies have identified neural deficits in patients with EDs, the cellular and molecular basis of the underlying dysfunction has remained poorly understood. We previously identified a rare missense mutation in the transcription factor estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA) associated with development of EDs. Because ventral-striatal signaling is related to the reward and motivation circuitry thought to underlie EDs, we performed functional and structural analysis of ventral-striatal synapses in Esrra-null mice. Esrra-null female, but not male, mice exhibit altered miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents on medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the ventral striatum, including increased frequency, increased amplitude, and decreased paired pulse ratio. These electrophysiological measures are associated with structural and molecular changes in synapses of MSNs in the ventral striatum, including fewer pre-synaptic glutamatergic vesicles and enhanced GluR1 function. Neuronal Esrra is thus required for maintaining normal synaptic function in the ventral striatum, which may offer mechanistic insights into the behavioral deficits observed in Esrra-null mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor De Jesús-Cortés
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Rachel M Anderson
- Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael Z Khan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Varun Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Latisha McDaniel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Michael Lutter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Jason J Radley
- Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Free Radical & Radiation Biology Program, Department of Radiation Oncology Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Huxing Cui
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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13
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Kim MJ, Jung WH, Koo JS. Expression of sarcosine metabolism-related proteins in estrogen receptor negative breast cancer according to the androgen receptor and HER-2 status. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2015; 8:7967-7977. [PMID: 26339363 PMCID: PMC4555691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of sarcosine metabolism related proteins according to androgen receptor (AR) and HER-2 status in estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancer and to analyze its clinical implications. Tissue microarray was constructed for a total of 334 cases of ER negative breast cancer. Immunohistochemical stain was conducted for sarcosine metabolism related proteins such as glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), sarcosine dehydrogenase (SARDH), and l-pipecolic acid oxidase (PIPOX). There were 131 AR positive, 205 AR negative cases and 143 HER-2 positive, 193 HER-2 negative cases. When subdividing into four groups according to AR and HER-2 status, there were 55 AR(+)/HER-2(-) cases, 76 AR(+)/HER-2(+) cases, 67 AR(-)/HER-2(+) cases and 138 AR(-)/HER-2(-) cases. GNMT and PIPOX expression was highest in the AR(+)/HER-2(-) group while expressed lowest in the AR(-)/HER-2(-) group (P<0.001). Stromal PIPOX expression was highest in the AR(-)/HER-2(+) group and lowest in the AR(-)/HER-2(-) group (P=0.010). GNMT and PIPOX expression was higher in the AR positive group compared with those of AR negative group (P=0.001, and P<0.001, respectively), while tumoral and stromal PIPOX expression showed a significant association with HER-2 positivity (P=0.006, and P=0.005, respectively). AR positive group had the highest ratio of low sarcosine type while the AR negative group had the highest ratio of null type (P<0.001). In conclusion, ER negative breast cancer showed different expression of sarcosine metabolism related proteins according to AR and HER-2 status. GNMT and PIPOX expression was high in the AR positive group while tumoral and stromal PIPOX expression was high in the HER-2 positive group.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis
- Breast Neoplasms/chemistry
- Breast Neoplasms/enzymology
- Breast Neoplasms/mortality
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Breast Neoplasms/therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/chemistry
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/enzymology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/mortality
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/therapy
- Disease-Free Survival
- Female
- Glycine N-Methyltransferase/analysis
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Receptor, ErbB-2/analysis
- Receptors, Androgen/analysis
- Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Sarcosine/metabolism
- Sarcosine Dehydrogenase/analysis
- Sarcosine Oxidase/analysis
- Stromal Cells/chemistry
- Time Factors
- Tissue Array Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ju Kim
- Department of Pathology, Gachon University Gil Medical CenterIncheon, Korea
| | - Woo Hee Jung
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul, South Korea
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14
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Li JW, Mo M, Yu KD, Chen CM, Hu Z, Hou YF, Di GH, Wu J, Shen ZZ, Shao ZM, Liu GY. ER-poor and HER2-positive: a potential subtype of breast cancer to avoid axillary dissection in node positive patients after neoadjuvant chemo-trastuzumab therapy. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114646. [PMID: 25504233 PMCID: PMC4263615 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The study was to estimate the likelihood of axillary downstaging and to identify the factors predicting a pathologically node negative status after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with or without trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer. METHODS Patients with HER2-positive, stage IIa-IIIc breast cancer were enrolled. Axillary status was evaluated by palpation and fine needle aspiration (FNA) before NAC. All patients received 4-6 cycles of PCrb (paclitaxel 80 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC = 2 d1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle, or paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and carboplatin AUC = 6 every-3-week) and were non-randomly administered trastuzumab (2 mg/kg weekly or 6 mg/kg every-3-week) or not. After NAC, each patient underwent standard axillary lymph node dissection and breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy. And some patients received sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) before axillary dissection. RESULTS Between November-2007 and June-2013, 255 patients were enrolled. Of them, 157 were confirmed as axillary node positive by FNA (group-A) and 98 as axillary node negative either by FNA or impalpable (group-B). After axillary dissection, the overall pathologically node negative rates (pNNR) were 52.9% in group-A and 69.4% in group-B. The ER-poor/HER2-positive subtype acquired the highest pNNR (79.6% in group-A and 87.9% in group-B, respectively) and the lowest rate of residual with ≥4 nodes involvement (1.9% and 3%, respectively) after PCrb plus trastuzumab. In multivariate analysis, trastuzumab added and ER-poor status were independent factors in predicting a higher pNNR in HER2-positive breast cancer. Forty-six tested patients showed that the ER-poor/HER2-positive subtype acquired a considerable high pNNR and axillary status with SLNB was well macthed with the axillary dissection. CONCLUSIONS ER-poor/HER2-positive subtype of breast cancer is a potential candidate for undergoing sentinel lymph node biopsy instead of regional node dissection for accurate axillary evaluation after effective downstaging by neoadjuvant chemo-trastuzumab therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-wei Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Miao Mo
- Clinical Statistics Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ke-da Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Can-ming Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yi-feng Hou
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Gen-hong Di
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Jiong Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-zhou Shen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Guang-yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Cancer Center/Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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15
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Cardelli M, Aubin JE. ERRγ is not required for skeletal development but is a RUNX2-dependent negative regulator of postnatal bone formation in male mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109592. [PMID: 25313644 PMCID: PMC4196935 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
To assess the effects of the orphan nuclear Estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma (ERRγ) deficiency on skeletal development and bone turnover, we utilized an ERRγ global knockout mouse line. While we observed no gross morphological anomalies or difference in skeletal length in newborn mice, by 8 weeks of age ERRγ +/− males but not females exhibited increased trabecular bone, which was further increased by 14 weeks. The increase in trabecular bone was due to an increase in active osteoblasts on the bone surface, without detectable alterations in osteoclast number or activity. Consistent with the histomorphometric results, we observed an increase in gene expression of the bone formation markers alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and bone sialoprotein (Bsp) in bone and increase in serum ALP, but no change in the osteoclast regulators receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) or the resorption marker carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX). More colony forming units-alkaline phosphatase and -osteoblast (CFU-ALP, CFU-O respectively) but not CFU-fibroblast (CFU-F) formed in ERRγ +/− versus ERRγ +/+ stromal cell cultures, suggesting that ERRγ negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and matrix mineralization but not mesenchymal precursor number. By co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we found that ERRγ and RUNX2 interact in an ERRγ DNA binding domain (DBD)-dependent manner. Treatment of post-confluent differentiating bone marrow stromal cell cultures with Runx2 antisense oligonucleotides resulted in a reduction of CFU-ALP/CFU-O in ERRγ +/− but not ERRγ +/+ mice compared to their corresponding sense controls. Our data indicate that ERRγ is not required for skeletal development but is a sex-dependent negative regulator of postnatal bone formation, acting in a RUNX2- and apparently differentiation stage-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cardelli
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane E. Aubin
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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16
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Yin R, Gu L, Li M, Jiang C, Cao T, Zhang X. Gene expression profiling analysis of bisphenol A-induced perturbation in biological processes in ER-negative HEK293 cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e98635. [PMID: 24901218 PMCID: PMC4047077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine disruptor which has been detected in human bodies. Many studies have implied that BPA exposure is harmful to human health. Previous studies mainly focused on BPA effects on estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cells. Genome-wide impacts of BPA on gene expression in ER-negative cells is unclear. In this study, we performed RNA-seq to characterize BPA-induced cellular and molecular impacts on ER-negative HEK293 cells. The microscopic observation showed that low-dose BPA exposure did not affect cell viability and morphology. Gene expression profiling analysis identified a list of differentially expressed genes in response to BPA exposure in HEK293 cells. These genes were involved in variable important biological processes including ion transport, cysteine metabolic process, apoptosis, DNA damage repair, etc. Notably, BPA up-regulated the expression of ERCC5 encoding a DNA endonuclease for nucleotide-excision repair. Further electrochemical experiment showed that BPA induced significant DNA damage in ER-positive MCF-7 cells but not in ER-negative HEK293 cells. Collectively, our study revealed that ER-negative HEK293 cells employed mechanisms in response to BPA exposure different from ER-positive cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cizhong Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (CJ); (TC)
| | - Tongcheng Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (CJ); (TC)
| | - Xiaobai Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, the School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (CJ); (TC)
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17
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Hsieh CJ, Kuo PL, Hsu YC, Huang YF, Tsai EM, Hsu YL. Arctigenin, a dietary phytoestrogen, induces apoptosis of estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells through the ROS/p38 MAPK pathway and epigenetic regulation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:159-70. [PMID: 24140706 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the anticancer effect of arctigenin (ATG), a natural lignan product of Arctium lappa L., in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Results indicate that ATG inhibits MDA-MB-231 cell growth by inducing apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. ATG triggers the mitochondrial caspase-independent pathways, as indicated by changes in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, resulting in AIF and EndoG nuclear translocation. ATG increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by increasing p22(phox)/NADPH oxidase 1 interaction and decreasing glutathione level. ATG clearly increases the activation of p38 MAPK, but not JNK and ERK1/2. Antioxidant EUK-8, a synthetic catalytic superoxide and hydrogen peroxide scavenger, significantly decreases ATG-mediated p38 activation and apoptosis. Blocking p38 with a specific inhibitor suppresses ATG-mediated Bcl-2 downregulation and apoptosis. Moreover, ATG activates ATF-2, a transcription factor activated by p38, and then upregulates histone H3K9 trimethylation in the Bcl-2 gene promoter region, resulting in Bcl-2 downregulation. Taken together, the results demonstrate that ATG induces apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells via the ROS/p38 MAPK pathway and epigenetic regulation of Bcl-2 by upregulation of histone H3K9 trimethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Jung Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chan Hsu
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fang Huang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Eing-Mei Tsai
- Center for Resources, Research, and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan.
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18
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Hong EJ, Levasseur MP, Dufour CR, Perry MC, Giguère V. Loss of estrogen-related receptor α promotes hepatocarcinogenesis development via metabolic and inflammatory disturbances. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:17975-80. [PMID: 24127579 PMCID: PMC3816417 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1315319110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) is a key regulator of mitochondrial function and metabolism essential for energy-driven cellular processes in both normal and cancer cells. ERRα has also been shown to mediate bone-derived macrophage activation by proinflammatory cytokines. However, the role of ERRα in cancer in which inflammation acts as a tumor promoter has yet to be investigated. Herein we show that global loss of ERRα accelerates the development of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochemical and metabolomics studies revealed that loss of ERRα promotes hepatocyte necrosis over apoptosis in response to DEN due to a deficiency in energy production. We further show that increased hepatocyte death and associated compensatory proliferation observed in DEN-injured ERRα-null livers is concomitant with increased nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent transcriptional control of cytokine expression in Kupffer cells. In particular, we demonstrate that loss of ERRα-dependent regulation of the NF-κB inhibitor IκBα leads to enhanced NF-κB activity and cytokine gene activation. Our work thus shows that global loss of ERRα activity promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by independent but synergistic mechanisms in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, implying that pharmacological manipulation of ERRα activity may have a significant clinical impact on carcinogen-induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Ju Hong
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3; and
| | - Marie-Pier Levasseur
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3; and
- Departments of Biochemistry and
| | - Catherine R. Dufour
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3; and
| | - Marie-Claude Perry
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3; and
- Departments of Biochemistry and
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A3; and
- Departments of Biochemistry and
- Medicine and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6
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19
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Chaveroux C, Eichner LJ, Dufour CR, Shatnawi A, Khoutorsky A, Bourque G, Sonenberg N, Giguère V. Molecular and genetic crosstalks between mTOR and ERRα are key determinants of rapamycin-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver. Cell Metab 2013; 17:586-98. [PMID: 23562079 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
mTOR and ERRα are key regulators of common metabolic processes, including lipid homeostasis. However, it is currently unknown whether these factors cooperate in the control of metabolism. ChIP-sequencing analyses of mouse liver reveal that mTOR occupies regulatory regions of genes on a genome-wide scale including enrichment at genes shared with ERRα that are involved in the TCA cycle and lipid biosynthesis. Genetic ablation of ERRα and rapamycin treatment, alone or in combination, alter the expression of these genes and induce the accumulation of TCA metabolites. As a consequence, both genetic and pharmacological inhibition of ERRα activity exacerbates hepatic hyperlipidemia observed in rapamycin-treated mice. We further show that mTOR regulates ERRα activity through ubiquitin-mediated degradation via transcriptional control of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Our work expands the role of mTOR action in metabolism and highlights the existence of a potent mTOR/ERRα regulatory axis with significant clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Chaveroux
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Centre, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
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Starks AM, Martin DN, Dorsey TH, Boersma BJ, Wallace TA, Ambs S. Household income is associated with the p53 mutation frequency in human breast tumors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57361. [PMID: 23469190 PMCID: PMC3585937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A study from Scotland reported that the p53 mutation frequency in breast tumors is associated with socio-economic deprivation. METHODS We analyzed the association of the tumor p53 mutational status with tumor characteristics, education, and self-reported annual household income (HI) among 173 breast cancer patients from the greater Baltimore area, United States. RESULTS p53 mutational frequency was significantly associated with HI. Patients with < $15,000 HI had the highest p53 mutation frequency (21%), followed by the income group between $15,000 and $60,000 (18%), while those above $60,000 HI had the fewest mutations (5%). When dichotomized at $60,000, 26 out of 135 patients in the low income category had acquired a p53 mutation, while only 2 out of 38 with a high income carried a mutation (P < 0.05). In the adjusted logistic regression analysis with 3 income categories (trend test), the association between HI and p53 mutational status was independent of tumor characteristics, age, race/ethnicity, tobacco smoking and body mass. Further analyses revealed that HI may impact the p53 mutational frequency preferentially in patients who develop an estrogen receptor (ER)-negative disease. Within this group, 42% of the low income patients (< $15,000 HI) carried a mutation, followed by the middle income group (21%), while those above $60,000 HI did not carry mutations (Ptrend < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS HI is associated with the p53 mutational frequency in patients who develop an ER-negative disease. Furthermore, high income patients may acquire fewer p53 mutations than other patients, suggesting that lifetime exposures associated with socio-economic status may impact breast cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne M. Starks
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Damali N. Martin
- Epidemiology and Genetics Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tiffany H. Dorsey
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Brenda J. Boersma
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tiffany A. Wallace
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stefan Ambs
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Qi CJ, Ning YL, Han YS, Min HY, Ye H, Zhu YL, Qian KQ. Autologous dendritic cell vaccine for estrogen receptor (ER)/progestin receptor (PR) double-negative breast cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1415-24. [PMID: 22290073 PMCID: PMC11029792 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A wealth of preclinical information, as well as a modest amount of clinical information, indicates that dendritic cell vaccines have therapeutic potential. The aim of this work was to assess the immune response, disease progression, and post-treatment survival of ER/PR double-negative stage II/IIIA breast cancer patients vaccinated with autologous dendritic cells pulsed with autologous tumor lysates. METHODS Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines were generated from CD14+ precursors pulsed with autologous tumor lysates. DCs were matured with defined factors that induced surface marker and cytokine production. Individuals were immunized intradermally four times. Specific delayed type IV hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction, ex vivo cytokine production, and lymphocyte subsets were determined for the evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency. Overall survival and disease progression rates were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier curves and compared with those of contemporaneous patients who were not administered DC vaccines. RESULTS There were no unanticipated or serious adverse effects. DC vaccines elicited Th1 cytokine secretion and increased NK cells, CD8+ IFN-+ cells but decreased the percentage of CD3+ T cells and CD3+ HLA-DR+ T cells in the peripheral blood. Approximately 58% (18/31) of patients had a DTH-positive reaction. There was no difference in overall survival between the patients with and without DC vaccine. The 3-year progression-free survival was significantly prolonged: 76.9% versus 31.0% (with vs. without DC vaccine, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our findings strongly suggest that tumor lysate-pulsed DCs provide a standardized and widely applicable source of breast cancer antigens that are very effective in evoking anti-breast cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jian Qi
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Ling Ning
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye-Shan Han
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Yan Min
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng Ye
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213003 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Lan Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Qing Qian
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital, Changzhou, 213003 People’s Republic of China
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22
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Abstract
It is well established that epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a potent mitogen in cells expressing EGF receptor (EGFR). However, a body of evidence indicated that the effects of mitogenic EGF signaling exhibit a non-monotonic, or biphasic dose response curve; EGF at low concentrations elicits a mitogenic signaling pathway to stimulate cell proliferation while at high concentrations, EGF inhibits cell growth. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this paradoxical effect of EGF on cell proliferation remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the biphasic EGF signaling in ER-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-436 cells, both of which express endogenous EGFR. We found that EGF at low concentrations induced the phosphorylation of the Src-Y416 residue, an event to activate Src, while at high concentrations allowed Src-Y527 phosphorylation that inactivates Src. EGF at 10 ng/ml also induced phosphorylation of the MAPK/ERK and activated cyclin D1 promoter activity through the Src/EGFR/STAT5 pathways but not at a higher concentration (500 ng/ml). Our results thus demonstrated that Src functions as a switch of EGF signaling depending on concentrations of EGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinTian Zhang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Jun Meng
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Zhao-Yi Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University Medical School, Omaha, Nebraska, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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23
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Ueta T, Inoue T, Yuda K, Furukawa T, Yanagi Y, Tamaki Y. Intense physiological light upregulates vascular endothelial growth factor and enhances choroidal neovascularization via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:1366-71. [PMID: 22516064 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.248021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxicity of intense light to facilitate the development of neovascular age-related macular degeneration has been a health concern although the mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS Effects of intense, but within physiological range, light on retinal pigment epithelium, a major pathogenic origin of age-related macular degeneration were studied in mice. Intense physiological light upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in retinal pigment epithelium, independent of circadian rhythm, which resulted in enhancement of choroidal neovascularization. In rd1/rd1 mice or Crx(-/-) mice that do not possess outer segment structure, light exposure did not induce VEGF, indicating that VEGF upregulation by light depended on increased outer segment phagocytosis by retinal pigment epithelium. In retinal pigment epithelium cells phagocytosing increased amount of outer segment, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) not hypoxia-inducible factor-1α was induced, leading to VEGF upregulation. The VEGF upregulation and choroidal neovascularization enhancement were abrogated in PGC-1α(-/-) mice and estrogen-related receptor-α(-/-) mice, indicating the involvement of PGC-1α/estrogen-related receptor-α pathway. CONCLUSIONS Intense physiological light is involved in choroidal neovascularization through excess outer segment phagocytosis and VEGF upregulation mediated by PGC-1α in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ueta
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
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Rubovszky G, Horváth Z, Tóth E, Láng I, Kásler M. Significance of histomorphology of early triple-negative breast cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2012; 18:823-31. [PMID: 22415664 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-012-9510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease. Possibly genetic characterisation provides the most appropriate information on tumour biology and prognosis, but it is only limitedly available in clinical practice. The aim of this investigation was to explore what additional prognostic information could be gained from detailed histomorphologic report. PATIENTS AND METHOD patients were selected retrospectively operated from 2005 to 2009 in one institution and charts were revised. Beyond age, tumour and nodal status, histologic grade and therapy, the additional pathologic characteristics were also involved in analysis: necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration, peritumoural vascular invasion (PVI), perineural invasion, DCIS extent and grade, perinodal spread, mitotic activity index (MAI). RESULTS 295 early TNBC were involved. In univariate survival analysis with a mean follow-up of 3.57 years the tumour size, the nodal status, type of operation (conservation or mastectomy), irradiation, PVI and perinodal spread proved to be significantly connected with both disease free survival (DFS) and breast cancer specific overall survival (BSOS), and necrosis and chemotherapy with BSOS. Necrosis analysed together with lymphocytic infiltrate showed greater predicting power. In multivariate analysis nodal metastasis, necrosis positive/lymphacytic infiltration negative status and lack of irradiation has significant negative impact on DFS (p = <0.0001 HR:1.98 [1.4-2.77], p = <0.017 HR:2.1 [1.1-3.8], p = <0.001 HR:0.25 [0.11-0.57], respectively) and BSOS (p = <0.0001 HR:2.47 [1.8-3.4], p = <0.017 HR:3.7 [1.6-8.2], p = <0.0017 HR:0.24 [0.1-0.58], respectively). For DFS perivascular invasion also showed significant effect (p = <0.042 HR:2.5 [1.0-6.0]). Nodal status was the strongest prognostic parameter but other histomorphologic parameters can be used for prognosis prediction.
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Karn T, Pusztai L, Holtrich U, Iwamoto T, Shiang CY, Schmidt M, Müller V, Solbach C, Gaetje R, Hanker L, Ahr A, Liedtke C, Ruckhäberle E, Kaufmann M, Rody A. Homogeneous datasets of triple negative breast cancers enable the identification of novel prognostic and predictive signatures. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28403. [PMID: 22220191 PMCID: PMC3248403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current prognostic gene signatures for breast cancer mainly reflect proliferation status and have limited value in triple-negative (TNBC) cancers. The identification of prognostic signatures from TNBC cohorts was limited in the past due to small sample sizes. Methodology/Principal Findings We assembled all currently publically available TNBC gene expression datasets generated on Affymetrix gene chips. Inter-laboratory variation was minimized by filtering methods for both samples and genes. Supervised analysis was performed to identify prognostic signatures from 394 cases which were subsequently tested on an independent validation cohort (n = 261 cases). Conclusions/Significance Using two distinct false discovery rate thresholds, 25% and <3.5%, a larger (n = 264 probesets) and a smaller (n = 26 probesets) prognostic gene sets were identified and used as prognostic predictors. Most of these genes were positively associated with poor prognosis and correlated to metagenes for inflammation and angiogenesis. No correlation to other previously published prognostic signatures (recurrence score, genomic grade index, 70-gene signature, wound response signature, 7-gene immune response module, stroma derived prognostic predictor, and a medullary like signature) was observed. In multivariate analyses in the validation cohort the two signatures showed hazard ratios of 4.03 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.71–9.48; P = 0.001) and 4.08 (95% CI 1.79–9.28; P = 0.001), respectively. The 10-year event-free survival was 70% for the good risk and 20% for the high risk group. The 26-gene signatures had modest predictive value (AUC = 0.588) to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, however, the combination of a B-cell metagene with the prognostic signatures increased its response predictive value. We identified a 264-gene prognostic signature for TNBC which is unrelated to previously known prognostic signatures.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Databases, Genetic
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genes, Neoplasm/genetics
- Humans
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Neoadjuvant Therapy
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/deficiency
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/deficiency
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Karn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, J. W. Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Murray J, Huss JM. Estrogen-related receptor α regulates skeletal myocyte differentiation via modulation of the ERK MAP kinase pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 301:C630-45. [PMID: 21562305 PMCID: PMC3174569 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00033.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Myocyte differentiation involves complex interactions between signal transduction pathways and transcription factors. The estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) regulate energy substrate uptake, mitochondrial respiration, and biogenesis and may target structural gene programs in striated muscle. However, ERRα's role in regulating myocyte differentiation is not known. ERRα and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) are coordinately upregulated with metabolic and skeletal muscle-specific genes early in myogenesis. We analyzed effects of ERRα overexpression and loss of function in myogenic models. In C2C12 myocytes ERRα overexpression accelerated differentiation, whereas XCT790 treatment delayed myogenesis and resulted in myotubes with fewer mitochondria and disorganized sarcomeres. ERRα-/- primary myocytes showed delayed myogenesis, resulting in structurally immature myotubes with reduced sarcomeric assembly and mitochondrial function. However, sarcomeric and metabolic gene expression was unaffected or upregulated in ERRα-/- cells. Instead, ERRα-/- myocytes exhibited aberrant ERK activation early in myogenesis, consistent with delayed myotube formation. XCT790 treatment also increased ERK phosphorylation in C2C12, whereas ERRα overexpression decreased early ERK activation, consistent with the opposing effects of these treatments on differentiation. The transient induction of MAP kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1), which mediates ERK dephosphorylation at the onset of myogenesis, was lost in ERRα-/- myocytes and in XCT790-treated C2C12. The ERRα-PGC-1α complex activates the Dusp1 gene, which encodes MKP-1, and ERRα occupies the proximal 5' regulatory region during early differentiation in C2C12 myocytes. Finally, treatment of ERRα-/- myocytes with MEK inhibitors rescued normal ERK signaling and myogenesis. Collectively, these data demonstrate that ERRα is required for normal skeletal myocyte differentiation via modulation of MAP kinase signaling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Butadienes/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/physiology
- Creatine Kinase, Mitochondrial Form/genetics
- Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1/genetics
- Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1/metabolism
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/metabolism
- Flavonoids/pharmacology
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Kinetics
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects
- MAP Kinase Signaling System/physiology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases/metabolism
- Muscle Development/drug effects
- Muscle Development/physiology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/cytology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/drug effects
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/enzymology
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/cytology
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/drug effects
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/enzymology
- Myoblasts, Skeletal/metabolism
- Myogenin/genetics
- Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics
- Nitriles/pharmacology
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Protein Binding/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Acetyl-Transferring Kinase
- Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa/metabolism
- Sarcomeres/pathology
- Thiazoles/pharmacology
- Trans-Activators/genetics
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription Factors
- Transduction, Genetic
- Troponin I/genetics
- Troponin I/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
- p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Murray
- Division of Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
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27
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Nguyen DH, Oketch-Rabah HA, Illa-Bochaca I, Geyer FC, Reis-Filho JS, Mao JH, Ravani SA, Zavadil J, Borowsky AD, Jerry DJ, Dunphy KA, Seo JH, Haslam S, Medina D, Barcellos-Hoff MH. Radiation acts on the microenvironment to affect breast carcinogenesis by distinct mechanisms that decrease cancer latency and affect tumor type. Cancer Cell 2011; 19:640-51. [PMID: 21575864 PMCID: PMC3110779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2011.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Revised: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissue microenvironment is an important determinant of carcinogenesis. We demonstrate that ionizing radiation, a known carcinogen, affects cancer frequency and characteristics by acting on the microenvironment. Using a mammary chimera model in which an irradiated host is transplanted with oncogenic Trp53 null epithelium, we show accelerated development of aggressive tumors whose molecular signatures were distinct from tumors arising in nonirradiated hosts. Molecular and genetic approaches show that TGFβ mediated tumor acceleration. Tumor molecular signatures implicated TGFβ, and genetically reducing TGFβ abrogated the effect on latency. Surprisingly, tumors from irradiated hosts were predominantly estrogen receptor negative. This effect was TGFβ independent and linked to mammary stem cell activity. Thus, the irradiated microenvironment affects latency and clinically relevant features of cancer through distinct and unexpected mechanisms.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Breast Neoplasms/etiology
- Breast Neoplasms/genetics
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/radiation effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Epithelial Cells/metabolism
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Epithelial Cells/radiation effects
- Epithelial Cells/transplantation
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Regulatory Networks
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Glands, Animal/radiation effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/transplantation
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/etiology
- Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/genetics
- Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced/pathology
- Radiation Chimera
- Reaction Time
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Time Factors
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics
- Transforming Growth Factor beta1/metabolism
- Tumor Burden
- Tumor Microenvironment/radiation effects
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Whole-Body Irradiation
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Nguyen
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, 566 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| | - Hellen A. Oketch-Rabah
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Irineu Illa-Bochaca
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, 566 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| | - Felipe C. Geyer
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB Great Britain
| | - Jorge S. Reis-Filho
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, The Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London, SW3 6JB Great Britain
| | - Jian-Hua Mao
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Shraddha A. Ravani
- Life Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Department of Pathology, NYU Cancer Institute and Center for Health Informatics and Bioinformatics, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016
| | - Alexander D. Borowsky
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - D. Joseph Jerry
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA 01199
| | - Karen A. Dunphy
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA 01199
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- University of Massachusetts, Integrated Sciences Building, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Sandra Haslam
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 42284
| | - Daniel Medina
- Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Cullen 135C, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, 566 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016
- Corresponding author: Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff, Department of Radiation Oncology, 566 First Avenue, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016 (212) 263-3021;
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28
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Bui-Xuan NH, Tang PMK, Wong CK, Fung KP. Photo-activated pheophorbide-a, an active component of Scutellaria barbata, enhances apoptosis via the suppression of ERK-mediated autophagy in the estrogen receptor-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cells MDA-MB-231. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 131:95-103. [PMID: 20558270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Scutellaria barbata is a traditional Chinese medicine for cancer treatments. Pheophorbide-a (Pa), one of the active components isolated from this herbal medicine has been proposed to be a potential natural photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. The anti-tumor effect of pheophorbide-a based photodynamic therapy (Pa-PDT) has been successfully demonstrated in a wide range of human malignant cell lines. However, the effectiveness of Pa-PDT has not yet been evaluated on human breast cancer, which is documented as the second common and the fifth most lethal cancer worldwide. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of Pa-PDT was evaluated by using an estrogen receptor (ER)-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MDA-MB-231. The involvement of mitochondria was revealed by the change of mitochondrial membrane potential and the increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). The hallmarks of apoptosis, ER stress and autophagy were also assessed by DNA fragmentation, Western blotting, and immunostaining assays. RESULTS Pa-PDT showed inhibitory effect on the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells with an IC(50) value of 0.5 microM at 24h. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was found to be triggered, where activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were occurred in the Pa-PDT-treated cells. Our findings suggested that Pa-PDT exhibited its anti-tumor effects by the activation of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and the ERK-mediated autophagy in MDA-MB-231 cells. CONCLUSION The present study suggested Pa-PDT is a potential protocol for the late phase human breast cancer, and it is the first study to demonstrate the Pa-PDT induced autophagy contributed to the anti-tumor effects of Pa-PDT on human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Ha Bui-Xuan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Tremblay AM, Dufour CR, Ghahremani M, Reudelhuber TL, Giguère V. Physiological genomics identifies estrogen-related receptor alpha as a regulator of renal sodium and potassium homeostasis and the renin-angiotensin pathway. Mol Endocrinol 2010; 24:22-32. [PMID: 19901197 PMCID: PMC5428150 DOI: 10.1210/me.2009-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) is an orphan nuclear receptor highly expressed in the kidney, an organ playing a central role in blood pressure regulation through electrolyte homeostasis and the renin-angiotensin system. Physiological analysis revealed that, relative to wild-type mice, ERRalpha null mice are hypotensive despite significant hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and slight hyperreninemia. Using a combination of genome-wide location analysis and expression profiling, we demonstrate that ERRalpha regulates the expression of channels involved in renal Na(+) and K(+) handling (Scnn1a, Atp1a1, Atp1b1) and altered in Bartter syndrome (Bsnd, Kcnq1). In addition, ERRalpha regulates the expression of receptors implicated in the systemic regulation of blood pressure (Ghr, Gcgr, Lepr, Npy1r) and of genes within the renin-angiotensin pathway (Ren1, Agt, Ace2). Our study thus identifies ERRalpha as a pleiotropic regulator of renal control of blood pressure, renal Na(+)/K(+) homeostasis, and renin-angiotensin pathway and suggests that modulation of ERRalpha activity could represent a potential avenue for the management of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie M Tremblay
- Rosalind and Goodman Cancer Centre, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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30
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Monks NR, Pardee AB. Targeting the NF-kappa B pathway in estrogen receptor negative MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells using small inhibitory RNAs. J Cell Biochem 2009; 98:221-33. [PMID: 16408291 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.20789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells in order to survive are often mutated to block apoptosis. One chemotherapeutic option is the re-establishment of apoptosis. An example of such a therapy is the PKC inhibitor Gö6976, which activates apoptosis and shrinks in vivo tumors in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers. We proposed as a mechanism blockage of activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, which is anti-apoptotic and often elevated in cancers. Over recent years, questions have arisen regarding the specificity of these "small-molecule inhibitors." We have therefore explored the role of NF-kappaB inhibition in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells using small inhibitory RNAs (siRNA). siRNAs designed against NF-kappaB protein p65 (RelA) and IKKalpha, IKKbeta, and IKKgamma, strongly decreased the target proteins. But, unlike Gö6976, they did not decrease basal NF-kappaB or cause apoptosis. In particular, the decrease in p65 protein had no effects on apoptosis or cell proliferation, thus questioning the importance of NF-kappaB alone in the maintenance of these cells. Furthermore, the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 caused loss of IkappaBalpha, and an increase of it is phosphorylated form, but basal NF-kappaB was unchanged, whilst activation of NF-kappaB by TNFalpha was completely inhibited, suggesting that MG-132 activity is independent of constitutive NF-kappaB activation. We ascribe these differences to the specificity of inhibition by siRNAs as compared to the well-known non-specificity of small-molecule inhibitors. We conclude that the mutations in these cancer cells made them resistant to apoptosis, by elevating their NF-kappaB and activating other basal pathways that are blocked by Gö6976 but not by IKK and p65 siRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel R Monks
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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31
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Brinkman JA, El-Ashry D. ER re-expression and re-sensitization to endocrine therapies in ER-negative breast cancers. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2009; 14:67-78. [PMID: 19263197 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-009-9113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer amongst women in the westernized world. The presence or absence of ERalpha in breast cancers is an important prognostic indicator. About 30-40% of breast cancers lack detectable ERalpha protein. ERalpha- breast cancers are resistant to endocrine therapies and have a worse prognosis than ERalpha+ breast cancers. Since expression of ERalpha is necessary for response to endocrine therapies, investigational studies are ongoing in order to understand the generation of the ERalpha- phenotype and develop interventions to restore ERalpha expression in ERalpha- breast cancers. DNA methylation and chromatin remodeling are two epigenetic mechanisms that have been linked with the lack of ERalpha expression and in these cases; demethylation of the ERalpha promoter or treatment with HDAC inhibitors shows promise in restoring ERalpha expression in ERalpha- breast cancers. Two additional potential mechanisms underlying generation of the ERalpha- phenotype involve E6-AP and Src, both of which have been shown to be elevated in ERalpha- breast cancer and can drive the proteasomal degradation of ERalpha. Recently, studies have demonstrated that upregulated growth factor signaling due to hyperactive MAPK activity significantly contributes to generation of the ERalpha- phenotype and that inhibition of MAPK activity can cause re-expression of the ERalpha and restore sensitivity to endocrine therapies. Given the challenges in treating ERalpha- breast cancer, understanding and manipulating the cellular mechanisms that effect expression of ERalpha are imperative in order to restore sensitivity to endocrine therapies and to design novel therapeutics for the treatment of ERalpha- breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joeli A Brinkman
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Oliveras-Ferraros C, Vazquez-Martin A, López-Bonet E, Martín-Castillo B, Del Barco S, Brunet J, Menendez JA. Growth and molecular interactions of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab and the DNA cross-linking agent cisplatin in gefitinib-resistant MDA-MB-468 cells: new prospects in the treatment of triple-negative/basal-like breast cancer. Int J Oncol 2008; 33:1165-1176. [PMID: 19020749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Three prominent hallmarks of triple-negative/basal-like breast carcinomas, a subtype of breast cancer gene phenotype associated with poor relapse-free and overall survival, are overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), hyperactivation of the MEK/ERK transduction pathway and high sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents. The cytotoxic interaction between EGFR inhibitors (monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as gefitinib) and DNA cross-linking agents (e.g. platinum derivatives) might represent a promising combination for the treatment of triple-negative/basal-like breast tumors that are dependent upon EGFR/MEK/ERK signaling. We evaluated the growth and molecular interactions of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab (erbitux) and the DNA cross-linking agent cisplatin (cis-diammedichloroplatinum; CDDP) in the gefitinib-resistant MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cell line, an in vitro model system that shows many of the recurrent basal-like molecular abnormalities including ER-PR-HER2-negative status, TP53 deficiency, EGFR overexpression, PTEN loss and constitutive activation of the MEK/ERK pathway. Unlike other basal-like breast cancer models, MDA-MB-468 cells do not carry mutations of the key DNA repair gene BRCA1. Concurrent treatment with sub-optimal doses of cetuximab significantly enhanced CDDP-induced apoptotic cell death. However, an isobologram-based mathematical assessment of the nature of the interaction revealed a loss of synergism when employing a high-dose of cetuximab. Since BRCA1 depletion has been found to decrease DNA damage repair and cell survival in MDA-MB-468 cells when treated with DNA-damaging drugs, we employed ELISA-based quantitative analyses to measure BRCA1 protein levels in CDDP+/- cetuximab-treated cells. Cetuximab as single agent was as efficient as CDDP at increasing BRCA1 protein expression. Interestingly, cetuximab co-exposure significantly antagonized the ability of CDDP to up-regulate BRCA1 expression. Low-scale phosphor-proteomic approaches [i.e. phospho-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and phospho-mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) Array Proteome Profiler capable of simultaneously identifying the relative levels of phosphorylation of 42 different RTKs and 23 different MAPKs and other serine/threonine kinases, respectively] revealed the ability of Cetuximab, as single agent, to paradoxically induce hyper-phosphorylation of EGFR while concomitantly deactivating p42/44 (ERK1/ERK2) MAPK. Unexpectedly, ELISA-based quantitative analyses of EGFR protein content demonstrated that simultaneous exposure to cetuximab and optimal doses of CDDP completely depleted EGFR protein in MDA-MB-468 cells. Although these findings preclinically support, at least in part, ongoing clinical trials for 'triple-negative/basal-like' metastatic breast cancer patients who are receiving either cetuximab alone versus cetuximab plus carboplatin (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00232505), the unexpected ability of CDDP to promote a complete depletion of the cetuximab target EGFR further suggests that treatment schedules, cetuximab/CDDP doses and BRCA1 status should be carefully considered when combining anti-EGFR antibodies and platinum derivatives in triple-negative/basal-like breast carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oliveras-Ferraros
- Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Dr Josep Trueta University Hospital of Girona, E-17007 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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33
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Martin KJ, Patrick DR, Bissell MJ, Fournier MV. Prognostic breast cancer signature identified from 3D culture model accurately predicts clinical outcome across independent datasets. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2994. [PMID: 18714348 PMCID: PMC2500166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One of the major tenets in breast cancer research is that early detection is vital for patient survival by increasing treatment options. To that end, we have previously used a novel unsupervised approach to identify a set of genes whose expression predicts prognosis of breast cancer patients. The predictive genes were selected in a well-defined three dimensional (3D) cell culture model of non-malignant human mammary epithelial cell morphogenesis as down-regulated during breast epithelial cell acinar formation and cell cycle arrest. Here we examine the ability of this gene signature (3D-signature) to predict prognosis in three independent breast cancer microarray datasets having 295, 286, and 118 samples, respectively. Methods and Findings Our results show that the 3D-signature accurately predicts prognosis in three unrelated patient datasets. At 10 years, the probability of positive outcome was 52, 51, and 47 percent in the group with a poor-prognosis signature and 91, 75, and 71 percent in the group with a good-prognosis signature for the three datasets, respectively (Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, p<0.05). Hazard ratios for poor outcome were 5.5 (95% CI 3.0 to 12.2, p<0.0001), 2.4 (95% CI 1.6 to 3.6, p<0.0001) and 1.9 (95% CI 1.1 to 3.2, p = 0.016) and remained significant for the two larger datasets when corrected for estrogen receptor (ER) status. Hence the 3D-signature accurately predicts breast cancer outcome in both ER-positive and ER-negative tumors, though individual genes differed in their prognostic ability in the two subtypes. Genes that were prognostic in ER+ patients are AURKA, CEP55, RRM2, EPHA2, FGFBP1, and VRK1, while genes prognostic in ER− patients include ACTB, FOXM1 and SERPINE2 (Kaplan-Meier p<0.05). Multivariable Cox regression analysis in the largest dataset showed that the 3D-signature was a strong independent factor in predicting breast cancer outcome. Conclusions The 3D-signature accurately predicts breast cancer outcome across multiple datasets and holds prognostic value for both ER-positive and ER-negative breast cancer. The signature was selected using a novel biological approach and hence holds promise to represent the key biological processes of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Denis R. Patrick
- Department of Oncology-Biology, Oncology Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mina J. Bissell
- Cancer Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Marcia V. Fournier
- Department of Oncology-Biology, Oncology Center of Excellence for Drug Discovery, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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34
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Sonoda J, Laganière J, Mehl IR, Barish GD, Chong LW, Li X, Scheffler IE, Mock DC, Bataille AR, Robert F, Lee CH, Giguère V, Evans RM. Nuclear receptor ERR alpha and coactivator PGC-1 beta are effectors of IFN-gamma-induced host defense. Genes Dev 2007; 21:1909-20. [PMID: 17671090 PMCID: PMC1935029 DOI: 10.1101/gad.1553007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage activation by the proinflammatory cytokine interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is a critical component of the host innate response to bacterial pathogenesis. However, the precise nature of the IFN-gamma-induced activation pathway is not known. Here we show using genome-wide expression and chromatin-binding profiling that IFN-gamma induces the expression of many nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial respiratory chain machinery via activation of the nuclear receptor ERR alpha (estrogen-related receptor alpha, NR3B1). Studies with macrophages lacking ERR alpha demonstrate that it is required for induction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and efficient clearance of Listeria monocytogenes (LM) in response to IFN-gamma. As a result, mice lacking ERR alpha are susceptible to LM infection, a phenotype that is localized to bone marrow-derived cells. Furthermore, we found that IFN-gamma-induced activation of ERR alpha depends on coactivator PGC-1 beta (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 beta), which appears to be a direct target for the IFN-gamma/STAT-1 signaling cascade. Thus, ERR alpha and PGC-1 beta act together as a key effector of IFN-gamma-induced mitochondrial ROS production and host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichiro Sonoda
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Josée Laganière
- Molecular Oncology Group, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Isaac R. Mehl
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Grant D. Barish
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - Ling-Wa Chong
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Xiangli Li
- Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Immo E. Scheffler
- Division of Biology, Molecular Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093 USA
| | - Dennis C. Mock
- San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Alain R. Bataille
- Laboratory of Chromatin and Genomic Expression, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - François Robert
- Laboratory of Chromatin and Genomic Expression, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Vincent Giguère
- Molecular Oncology Group, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ronald M. Evans
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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35
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Yang S, Zhou Q, Yang X. Caspase-3 status is a determinant of the differential responses to genistein between MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell Research 2007; 1773:903-11. [PMID: 17490757 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2007.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2006] [Revised: 03/19/2007] [Accepted: 03/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genistein, a soy isoflavone with anti-tumor properties, has both estrogenic and non-estrogenic activities. Genistein sensitive/estrogen receptor negative (ER-) MDA-MB-231 cells and genistein resistant/ER+MCF-7 cells are frequently cited as examples of differential responses to genistein due to different ER status. Other factors that may affect genistein response, however, are largely unknown. Based on our finding that MCF-7 is caspase-3 deficient, we examined whether caspase-3 status plays a role in the differential responses between the two cell lines. We demonstrate that reconstitution of caspase-3 significantly sensitizes MCF-7 cells to genistein. Specific knockdown of caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells renders the cells resistant to genistein. We also found that caspases-4 and -10 were downregulated in MCF-7 cells. Reconstitution of caspase-10 in MCF-7 cells, however, resulted in little sensitization. Moreover, we show that caspase-3 downregulation is very common in breast cancer cell lines and tumor tissues. Taken together, our data indicate that caspase-3 is a critical determinant of cellular response to genistein, which may have important implications in studying soy/genistein-mediated anti-tumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihe Yang
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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36
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Morissette M, Jourdain S, Al Sweidi S, Menniti FS, Ramirez AD, Di Paolo T. Role of estrogen receptors in neuroprotection by estradiol against MPTP toxicity. Neuropharmacology 2007; 52:1509-20. [PMID: 17420033 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2006] [Revised: 02/07/2007] [Accepted: 02/16/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol protects against striatal dopamine terminal loss caused by the neurotoxin MPTP in mice. This effect of estradiol is thought to be mediated by an interaction with estrogen receptors (ER), of which there are two: ERalpha and ERbeta. In the present study, the role of these two ERs in MPTP toxicity and its neuroprotection by estradiol was investigated using ER knock out mice (ERKO). MPTP (7, 9, or 11 mg/kg administered four times at 2h intervals) caused a dose-dependent decrease in striatal dopamine and dopamine metabolite DOPAC concentrations in wild type (WT) mice. The degree of dopamine and DOPAC depletion after MPTP was greater in the ERKOalpha mice than WT mice, whereas the ERKObeta mice exhibited no change in MPTP sensitivity. ERKObeta mice showed a lower DA turnover than WT and ERKOalpha mice. WT, ERKOalpha and ERKObeta mice were also treated for 10 days with exogenous estradiol and on day 5 of treatment were challenged with MPTP (9 mg/kg administered four times at 2h intervals). In the WT mice, estradiol partially prevented the MPTP-induced decrease in striatal dopamine and DOPAC concentrations. However, estradiol treatment was without significant neuroprotective effects in the ERKOalpha and ERKObeta mice. These results show a greater susceptibility to MPTP toxicity of ERKOalpha mice compared to WT and ERKObeta mice and a role for both ER receptors in striatal DA neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Morissette
- Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology Research Center, Laval University Medical Center, Quebec City, QC, Canada
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37
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Armstrong VJ, Muzylak M, Sunters A, Zaman G, Saxon LK, Price JS, Lanyon LE. Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is a component of osteoblastic bone cell early responses to load-bearing and requires estrogen receptor alpha. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:20715-27. [PMID: 17491024 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m703224200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway has been implicated in bone cell response to their mechanical environment. This response is the origin of the mechanism by which bone cells adjust bone architecture to maintain bone strength. Osteoporosis is the most widespread failure of this mechanism. The degree of osteoporotic bone loss in men and women is related to bio-available estrogen. Here we report that in osteoblastic ROS 17/2.8 cells and primary osteoblast cultures, a single short period of dynamic mechanical strain, as well as the glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) inhibitor LiCl, increased nuclear accumulation of activated beta-catenin and stimulated TCF/LEF reporter activity. This effect was blocked by the estrogen receptor (ER) modulators ICI 182,780 and tamoxifen and was absent in primary osteoblast cultures from mice lacking ERalpha. Microarray expression data for 25,000 genes from total RNA extracted from tibiae of wild-type mice within 24 h of being loaded in vivo showed differential gene regulation between loaded and contralateral non-loaded bones of 10 genes established to be involved in the Wnt pathway. Only 2 genes were involved in loaded tibiae from mice lacking ERalpha (ERalpha(-/-)). Together these data suggest that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling contributes to bone cell early responses to mechanical strain and that its effectiveness requires ERalpha. Reduced effectiveness of bone cell responses to bone loading, associated with estrogen-related decline in ERalpha, may contribute to the failure to maintain structurally appropriate bone mass in osteoporosis in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria J Armstrong
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London, United Kingdom
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38
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Mukai H, Tsurugizawa T, Murakami G, Kominami S, Ishii H, Ogiue-Ikeda M, Takata N, Tanabe N, Furukawa A, Hojo Y, Ooishi Y, Morrison JH, Janssen WGM, Rose JA, Chambon P, Kato S, Izumi S, Yamazaki T, Kimoto T, Kawato S. Rapid modulation of long-term depression and spinogenesis via synaptic estrogen receptors in hippocampal principal neurons. J Neurochem 2007; 100:950-67. [PMID: 17266735 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04264.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid modulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity by estrogen has long been a hot topic, but analysis of molecular mechanisms via synaptic estrogen receptors has been seriously difficult. Here, two types of independent synaptic plasticity, long-term depression (LTD) and spinogenesis, were investigated, in response to 17beta-estradiol and agonists of estrogen receptors using hippocampal slices from adult male rats. Multi-electrode investigations demonstrated that estradiol rapidly enhanced LTD not only in CA1 but also in CA3 and dentate gyrus. Dendritic spine morphology analysis demonstrated that the density of thin type spines was selectively increased in CA1 pyramidal neurons within 2 h after application of 1 nm estradiol. This enhancement of spinogenesis was completely suppressed by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor. Only the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha agonist, (propyl-pyrazole-trinyl)tris-phenol (PPT), induced the same enhancing effect as estradiol on both LTD and spinogenesis in the CA1. The ERbeta agonist, (4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), suppressed LTD and did not affect spinogenesis. Because the mode of synaptic modulations by estradiol was mostly the same as that by the ERalpha agonist, a search was made for synaptic ERalpha using purified RC-19 antibody qualified using ERalpha knockout (KO) mice. Localization of ERalpha in spines of principal glutamatergic neurons was demonstrated using immunogold electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. ERalpha was also located in nuclei, cytoplasm and presynapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Mukai
- Department of Biophysics and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
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39
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Abstract
Estrogen [17-beta-estradiol (E2)] is a potent driver of the FoxP3+ regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment. Recently, Tregs were further characterized by intracellular expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecule, programmed death-1 (PD-1). To clarify the role of PD-1 versus FoxP3 in E2-enhanced Treg suppression, we evaluated both markers and functional suppression in wild-type, estrogen receptor knockout (ERKO) mice and PD-1 KO mice. We demonstrate that intracellular PD-1 expression is also E2 sensitive, since E2 treatment increased intracellular PD-1 levels in CD4+FoxP3+ cells, and PD-1 expression and Treg suppression were reduced in ERKO mice. Surprisingly, PD-1 KO mice retained normal levels of FoxP3 expression, but Tregs from these mice lacked functional suppression. However, E2 pre-treatment of PD-1 KO mice partially restored functional Treg suppression without enhancing FoxP3 expression. Thus, functional Treg suppression in immunized mice without E2 pre-treatment was more closely linked to PD-1 expression than to FoxP3 expression. However, although enhanced PD-1 expression was E2 dependent, functional suppression was still enhanced by E2 pre-treatment in the absence of PD-1. These data clearly demonstrate that E2 can affect multiple regulatory elements that influence Treg suppression, including both PD-1-dependent and PD-1-independent pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/metabolism
- Antigens/immunology
- Antigens, Surface/genetics
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/deficiency
- Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins/genetics
- Cells, Cultured
- Estradiol/metabolism
- Estradiol/pharmacology
- Estrogen Receptor alpha/deficiency
- Estrogen Receptor beta/deficiency
- Female
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Glycoproteins/immunology
- Immunization
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/drug effects
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena J Polanczyk
- Neuroimmunology Research, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, R&D-31, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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40
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Ciucci A, Gianferretti P, Piva R, Guyot T, Snape TJ, Roberts SM, Santoro MG. Induction of apoptosis in estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer cells by natural and synthetic cyclopentenones: role of the IkappaB kinase/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. Mol Pharmacol 2006; 70:1812-21. [PMID: 16908599 DOI: 10.1124/mol.106.025759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), a transcription factor with a critical role in promoting inflammation and cell survival, is constitutively activated in estrogen-receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer and is considered a potential therapeutic target for this type of neoplasia. We have previously demonstrated that cyclopentenone prostaglandins are potent inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation by inflammatory cytokines, mitogens, and viral infection, via direct binding and modification of the beta subunit of the IkappaB kinase complex (IKK). Herein, we describe the NF-kappaB-dependent anticancer activity of natural and synthetic cyclopentenone IKK inhibitors. We demonstrate that the natural cyclopentenone 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) is a potent inhibitor of constitutive IkappaB-kinase and NF-kappaB activities in chemotherapy-resistant ER-negative breast cancer cells. 15d-PGJ(2)-induced inhibition of NF-kappaB function is rapidly followed by down-regulation of NF-kappaB-dependent antiapoptotic proteins cIAPs 1/2, Bcl-X(L), and cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein, leading to caspase activation and induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells resistant to treatment with paclitaxel and doxorubicin. We then demonstrate that the cyclopentenone ring structure is responsible for these activities, and we identify a new synthetic cyclopentenone derivative, 3-tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-5-(E)-iso-propylmethylenecyclopent-2-enone (CTC-35), as a potent NF-kappaB inhibitor with proapoptotic activity in ER-negative breast cancer cells. The results open new perspectives in the search for novel proapoptotic molecules effective in the treatment of cancers presenting aberrant NF-kappaB regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ciucci
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica, 00133 Rome, Italy
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41
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Tsukui T, Imazawa Y, Inoue S. [Role of estrogen signaling in male bone]. Clin Calcium 2006; 16:462-468. [PMID: 16508129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Although estrogen and its receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta) are requisite in male for functions such as reproductive tract, sexual behavior, maintenance of the skeleton, yet essential in female for normal functions. Genetically modified mouse models, and mutation research in human provide new insights for the roles of estrogen signaling in skeletal effects in both genders. Both of genders have androgen and estrogen, and also its receptors. In general, loss of sex steroid causes bone loss, on the other hand, addition of sex steroid maintain bone mass in both of sex. It seems that the differences are its quantity, balance, and expression patterns. The estrogen action regulates the transcription of estrogen responsive genes mediated by distinct estrogen receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta). So far, the mechanism of specific estrogen action is still not clear in bone remodeling in vivo . Here we discuss the role of estrogen signaling in male bone and its current topics of estrogen signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohru Tsukui
- Saitama Medical School, Research Center for Genomic Medicine
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42
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Van Laer L, Pfister M, Thys S, Vrijens K, Mueller M, Umans L, Serneels L, Van Nassauw L, Kooy F, Smith RJH, Timmermans JP, Van Leuven F, Van Camp G. Mice lacking Dfna5 show a diverging number of cochlear fourth row outer hair cells. Neurobiol Dis 2005; 19:386-99. [PMID: 16023581 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2005.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2004] [Accepted: 01/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex mutation in DFNA5, resulting in exon 8 skipping, causes autosomal dominant hearing impairment, which starts in the high frequencies between 5 and 15 years of age and progressively affects all frequencies. To study its function in vivo, Dfna5 knockout mice were generated through the deletion of exon 8, simultaneously mimicking the human mutation. To test the hearing impairment, frequency-specific Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) measurements were performed at different ages in two genetic backgrounds (C57Bl/6J and CBA/Ca), but no differences between Dfna5-/- and Dfna5+/+ mice could be demonstrated. Morphological studies demonstrated significant differences in the number of fourth row outer hair cells between Dfna5-/- mice and their wild-type littermates. These results were obtained in both genetic backgrounds, albeit with opposite effects. In contrast to the results obtained in Dfna5-/- zebrafish, we did not observe different UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and hyaluronic acid levels in Dfna5-/- mice when compared to Dfna5+/+ mice.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cochlea/ultrastructure
- Disease Models, Animal
- Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology
- Genotype
- Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer/ultrastructure
- Hearing Loss/congenital
- Hearing Loss/pathology
- Hyaluronic Acid/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Uridine Diphosphate Glucose Dehydrogenase/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Lut Van Laer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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43
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Islander U, Hasséus B, Erlandsson MC, Jochems C, Skrtic SM, Lindberg M, Gustafsson JÅ, Ohlsson C, Carlsten H. Estren promotes androgen phenotypes in primary lymphoid organs and submandibular glands. BMC Immunol 2005; 6:16. [PMID: 16011795 PMCID: PMC1187889 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-6-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Estrogens and androgens have extensive effects on the immune system, for example they suppress both T and B lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow. Submandibular glands are sexually dimorphic in rodents, resulting in larger granular convoluted tubules in males compared to females. The aim of the present experiments was to investigate the estrogenic and androgenic effects of 4-estren-3α,17β-diol (estren) on thymus, bone marrow and submandibular glands, and compare the effects to those of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT), respectively. Estrogen receptors (ERs) were blocked by treatment of mice with the ER-antagonist ICI 182,780; also, knock-out mice lacking one or both ERs were used. Results As expected, the presence of functional ERs was mandatory for all the effects of E2. Similar to DHT-treatment, estren-treatment resulted in decreased thymus weight, as well as decreased frequency of bone marrow B cells. Treatment with estren or DHT also resulted in a shift in submandibular glands towards an androgen phenotype. All the effects of estren and DHT were independent of ERs. Conclusion Our study is the first to show that estren has similar effects as the androgen DHT on lymphopoiesis in thymus and bone marrow, and on submandibular glands, and that these effects are independent of estrogen receptors. This supports the hypothesis of estren being able to signal through the androgen receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Islander
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Bengt Hasséus
- Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Malin C Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Caroline Jochems
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Sofia Movérare Skrtic
- Center for Bone Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy (CBS), Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Marie Lindberg
- Center for Bone Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy (CBS), Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Jan-Åke Gustafsson
- Center for Biotechnology and Department of Medical Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, NOVUM, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Center for Bone Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy (CBS), Göteborg University, Sweden
| | - Hans Carlsten
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden
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44
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Soucy G, Boivin G, Labrie F, Rivest S. Estradiol is required for a proper immune response to bacterial and viral pathogens in the female brain. J Immunol 2005; 174:6391-8. [PMID: 15879140 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.174.10.6391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although the neuroprotective effects of estrogens are well recognized, the exact mechanisms involved in the ability of these sex steroids to protect the cerebral tissue still remain unclear. We tested in our study the hypothesis that estradiol (E(2)) modulates the innate immune response and expression of genes encoding proteins that a provide survival signal to neurons during infection. Mice received a single systemic or cerebral injection of LPS to trigger a robust but transient inflammatory reaction in the brain. The endotoxin increased transcriptional activation of genes encoding TLR2, TNF-alpha, and IL-12 in microglial cells. Expression of these transcripts was largely inhibited in the brain of ovariectomized mice at time 24 h postchallenge. E(2) replacement therapy totally rescued the ability of the endotoxin to trigger microglial cells and these permissive effects of E(2) are mediated via the estrogen receptor (ER)alpha. Indeed, ERalpha-deficient mice exhibited an inappropriate reaction to LPS when compared with ERbeta-deficient and wild-type mice. This defective innate immune response was also associated with a widespread viral replication and neurodegeneration in ovariectomized mice inoculated intranasally with HSV-2. These data provide evidence that interaction of E(2) with their nuclear ERalpha plays a critical role in the control of cytokines involved in the transfer from the innate to adaptive immunity. This transfer is deviant in mice lacking E(2), which allows pathogens to hide from immune surveillance and exacerbates neuronal damages during viral encephalitis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Brain/immunology
- Brain/microbiology
- Brain/pathology
- Brain/virology
- Corpus Striatum/immunology
- Corpus Striatum/microbiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Encephalitis, Viral/genetics
- Encephalitis, Viral/immunology
- Encephalitis, Viral/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Viral/pathology
- Escherichia coli Infections/genetics
- Escherichia coli Infections/immunology
- Escherichia coli Infections/metabolism
- Escherichia coli Infections/pathology
- Estradiol/metabolism
- Estradiol/physiology
- Feedback, Physiological/genetics
- Feedback, Physiological/immunology
- Female
- Herpesvirus 2, Human/immunology
- Herpesvirus 2, Human/pathogenicity
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Injections, Intraventricular
- Lipopolysaccharides/administration & dosage
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microglia/immunology
- Microglia/microbiology
- Microglia/virology
- Ovariectomy
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/physiology
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Toll-Like Receptor 2
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Soucy
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval Research Center, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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45
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Abstract
Cellular homeostasis in higher organisms is maintained by balancing cell growth, differentiation, and death. Two important systems that transmit extracellular signals into the machinery of the cell nucleus are the signaling pathways that activate nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and estrogen receptor (ER). These two transcription factors induce expression of genes that control cell fates, including proliferation and cell death (apoptosis). However, ER has anti-inflammatory effects, whereas activated NF-kappaB initiates and maintains cellular inflammatory responses. Recent investigations elucidated a nonclassical and nongenomic effect of ER: inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and the inflammatory response. In breast cancer, antiestrogen therapy might cause reactivation of NF-kappaB, potentially rerouting a proliferative signal to breast cancer cells and contributing to hormone resistance. Thus, ER ligands that selectively block NF-kappaB activation could provide specific potential therapy for hormone-resistant ER-positive breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajit K Biswas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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46
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Kennedy AM, Shogren KL, Zhang M, Turner RT, Spelsberg TC, Maran A. 17beta-estradiol-dependent activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 in human fetal osteoblasts is dependent on Src kinase activity. Endocrinology 2005; 146:201-7. [PMID: 15471961 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen is essential for normal growth and remodeling of bone. Although the mechanism of estrogen action on bone cells has been widely investigated, the full spectrum of signal transduction pathways activated by estrogen is unknown. In this report, we investigate the effects of the gonadal hormone 17beta-estradiol on the regulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (Stat1) protein in cultured human fetal osteoblast cells, devoid of the classical estrogen receptors (ERs). 17beta-estradiol (10 nM) led to rapid (within 15 min) activation of Stat1 protein as indicated by increases in tyrosine phosphorylation and DNA binding activity. Also, 17beta-estradiol increased gamma-activated sequence-dependent transcription in transient transfection assays, suggesting an increase in Stat protein-dependent transcription. Estrogen-dependent Stat1 activation was blocked in cells that transiently express dominant-negative Stat1 mutant protein. Activation of Stat1 by 17beta-estradiol was not inhibited by ER antagonist ICI 182,780, providing further evidence that it is not dependent on classical ERs. 17beta-Estradiol induced rapid (within 15 min) Stat1 phosphorylation and stimulated gamma-activated sequence-dependent transcription in ER-negative breast cancer cells, indicating that these results are not unique to bone cells. The rapid estrogenic effect involving the phosphorylation and activation of Stat1 was blocked in the presence of Src family kinase inhibitor PP2; activated Stat1 was associated with Src protein in estrogen-treated cells. These findings indicate the requirement for Src kinase pathways in estrogen-mediated Stat1 activation. Thus, the ER-independent activation of Stat1 in 17beta-estradiol-treated osteoblast and breast cancer cells may partially mediate the actions of estrogen on target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela M Kennedy
- Department of Orthopedics, Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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47
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Hui AM, Zhang W, Chen W, Xi D, Purow B, Friedman GC, Fine HA. Agents with Selective Estrogen Receptor (ER) Modulator Activity Induce ApoptosisIn vitroandIn vivoin ER-Negative Glioma Cells. Cancer Res 2004; 64:9115-23. [PMID: 15604281 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-2740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tamoxifen, a member of the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) family, is widely used in the treatment of estrogen receptor (ER)-expressing breast cancer. It has previously been shown that high-dose tamoxifen has cytotoxic activity against glioma cells, but whether this effect is drug specific or represents a general property of SERMs is unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that tamoxifen and CC-8490, a novel benzopyranone with SERM activity, induce glioma cell apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, administration of tamoxifen and CC-8490 suppresses tumor growth in vivo and extends animal survival in glioma xenograft models. None of the eight glioma cell lines examined express either ER-alpha or -beta, suggesting the mechanism for tamoxifen- and CC-8490-induced glioma cell apoptosis is independent of the ER signaling pathway. Complementary DNA microarray expression profiling allowed us to identify a subset of genes specifically regulated by tamoxifen and CC-8490, and not by other apoptotic stimuli, including nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB with its target genes IEX-3, SOD2, IL6, and IL8. We demonstrate that suppression of NF-kappaB activation markedly enhances SERM-induced apoptosis, suggesting a role for NF-kappaB in protecting glioma cells from SERM-induced cytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate for the first time that a SERM other than tamoxifen can induce glioma cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo and that the clinical efficacy of SERMs for the treatment of malignant gliomas could potentially be enhanced by simultaneous inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Min Hui
- Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, and Celgene, San Diego, California, USA
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48
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Carrier JC, Deblois G, Champigny C, Levy E, Giguère V. Estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) is a transcriptional regulator of apolipoprotein A-IV and controls lipid handling in the intestine. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:52052-8. [PMID: 15466464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m410337200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRalpha) is an orphan member of the superfamily of nuclear receptors involved in the control of energy metabolism. In particular, ERRalpha induces a high energy expenditure in the presence of the coactivator PGC-1alpha. However, ERRalpha knockout mice have reduced fat mass and are resistant to diet-induced obesity. ERRalpha is expressed in epithelial cells of the small intestine, and because the intestine is the first step in the energy chain, we investigated whether ERRalpha plays a function in dietary energy handling. Gene expression profiling in the intestine identified a subset of genes involved in oxidative phosphorylation that were down-regulated in the absence of ERRalpha. In support of the physiological role of ERRalpha in this pathway, isolated enterocytes from ERRalpha knockout mice display lower capacity for beta-oxidation. Microarray results also show altered expression of genes involved in dietary lipid digestion and absorption, such as pancreatic lipase-related protein 2 (PLRP2), fatty acid-binding protein 1 and 2 (L-FABP and I-FABP), and apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV). In agreement, we found that ERRalpha-/- pups exhibit significant lipid malabsorption. We further show that the apoA-IV promoter is a direct target of ERRalpha and that its presence is required to maintain basal level but not feeding-induced regulation of the apoA-IV gene in mice. ERRalpha, in cooperation with PGC-1alpha, activates the apoA-IV promoter via interaction with the apoC-III enhancer in both human and mouse. Our results demonstrate that apoA-IV is a direct ERRalpha target gene and suggest a function for ERRalpha in intestinal fat transport, a crucial step in energy balance.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Suckling
- Apolipoproteins A/genetics
- Base Sequence
- Caco-2 Cells
- DNA/genetics
- Energy Metabolism
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Lipid Metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/deficiency
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Receptors, Estrogen/deficiency
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- ERRalpha Estrogen-Related Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie C Carrier
- Molecular Oncology Group, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec H3A 1A1, Canada
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49
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Couse JF, Yates MM, Sanford R, Nyska A, Nilson JH, Korach KS. Formation of cystic ovarian follicles associated with elevated luteinizing hormone requires estrogen receptor-beta. Endocrinology 2004; 145:4693-702. [PMID: 15231698 DOI: 10.1210/en.2004-0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Stringent regulation of LH secretion from the pituitary is vital to ovarian function in mammals. Two rodent models of LH hypersecretion are the transgenic LHbeta-C-terminal peptide (LHbetaCTP) and estrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha)-null (alphaERKO) mice. Both exhibit ovarian phenotypes of chronic anovulation, cystic and hemorrhagic follicles, lack of corpora lutea, interstitial/stromal hyperplasia, and elevated plasma estradiol and testosterone. Because ERbeta is highly expressed in granulosa cells of the ovary, we hypothesized the intraovarian actions of ERbeta may be necessary for full manifestation of phenotypes associated with LH hyperstimulation. To address this question, we generated female mice that possess elevated LH, but lack ERbeta, by breeding the LHbetaCTP and ERbeta-null (betaERKO) mice. A comparison of LHbetaCTP, alphaERKO, and betaERKO(LHCTP) females has allowed us to elucidate the contribution of each ER form to the pathologies and endocrinopathies that occur during chronic LH stimulation of the ovary. alphaERKO ovaries respond to elevated LH by exhibiting an amplified steroidogenic pathway characteristic of the follicular stage of the ovarian cycle, whereas wild-type(LHCTP) and betaERKO(LHCTP) females exhibit a steroidogenic profile more characteristic of the luteal stage. In addition, the hemorrhagic and cystic follicles of the LHbetaCTP and alphaERKO ovaries require the intraovarian actions of ERbeta for manifestation, because they were lacking in the betaERKO(LHCTP) ovary. In turn, ectopic expression of the Leydig cell-specific enzyme, Hsd17b3, and male-like testosterone synthesis in the alphaERKO ovary are unique to this genotype and are therefore the culmination of elevated LH and the loss of functional ERalpha within the ovary.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Couse
- Receptor Biology Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, P.O. Box 12233, MD B3-02, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA
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50
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Kavaliers M, Choleris E, Agmo A, Pfaff DW. Olfactory-mediated parasite recognition and avoidance: linking genes to behavior. Horm Behav 2004; 46:272-83. [PMID: 15325228 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2003] [Revised: 03/09/2004] [Accepted: 03/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A major cost of social behavior is the increased risk of exposure to parasites and infection. Animals utilize social information, including chemical signals, to recognize and avoid conspecifics infected with either endoparasites or ectoparasites. Here, we briefly discuss the relations among odors, parasite recognition, and avoidance, and consider some of the associated hormonal, neural, and genomic mechanisms. In rodents, odor cues mediate sexual and competitive interactions and are of major importance in individual recognition and mate detection and choice. Female mice distinguish between infected and uninfected males by urinary odors, displaying aversive response to, and avoidance of, the odors of infected individuals. This reduces both the likelihood of the transmission of parasites to themselves and allows females to select for parasite-free males. This set of olfactory and mate choice responses can be further modulated by social factors such as previous experience and exposure to infected males and the mate choices of other females. Male mice, who also face the threat of infection, similarly distinguish and avoid parasitized individuals by odor, thus reducing their likelihood of infection. This recognition and avoidance of the odors of infected individuals involves genes for the neuropeptide, oxytocin (OT), and estrogenic mechanisms. Mice with deletions of the oxytocin gene [OT knockout mice (OTKO)] and mice whose genes for estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha or ER-beta have been disrupted [ER knockout mice (ERKO), alpha-ERKO and beta-ERKO] are specifically impaired in their recognition of, aversion to, and memory of the odors of infected individuals. These findings reveal some of the genes involved in the mediation of social recognition in the ecologically relevant context of parasite recognition and avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kavaliers
- Department of Psychology, Social Science Center, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada N6A 5C2.
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