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Mohamed AH, Shafie A, Abdulmonem WA, Alzahrani HS, Ashour AA, Hjazi A, Jamal A, Aldreiwish AD, Kamal MA, Ahmad F, Khan N. Mesenchymal stem cells and their potential therapeutic benefits and challenges in the treatment and pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155422. [PMID: 38981347 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are acknowledged for their remarkable ability to undergo differentiation into various cell types. In addition, they exhibit anti-tumor characteristics, prompting endeavors to modify MSCs for employment in cancer therapies. On the contrary, it is imperative to recognize that MSCs have been extensively linked to pathways that facilitate the advancement of tumors. Numerous research studies have sought to modify MSCs for clinical application; however, the outcomes have been ambiguous, potentially due to the heterogeneity of MSC populations. Furthermore, the conflicting roles of MSCs in suppressing and promoting tumor growth present a challenge to the appropriateness of their use in anti-cancer therapies. Currently, there exists a lack of comprehensive comprehension concerning the anti-tumor and pro-tumor characteristics of MSCs for gastric cancer (GC). This article discusses the influence of MSCs on GC, the underlying mechanisms, the origins of MSCs, and their effects. This review article also elucidates how MSCs exhibit dual characteristics of promoting and inhibiting tumor growth. Hence, it is of utmost importance that clinical inquiries aimed at utilizing MSCs as a therapeutic intervention for cancer consider the potentiality of MSCs to accelerate the progression of GC. It is crucial to exercise caution throughout the process of developing MSC-based cellular therapies to enhance their anti-cancer attributes while simultaneously eliminating their tumor-promoting impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma'a H Mohamed
- Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technologies, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hilla, Babil 51001, Iraq.
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O.Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan Swed Alzahrani
- Counselling healthy marriage, maternity and children hospital, Jeddah second cluster, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Adnan Ashour
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry. Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azfar Jamal
- Department of Biology, College of Science Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; Health and Basic Science Research Centre, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Allolo D Aldreiwish
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azhar Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nazia Khan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
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Palamiuc L, Johnson JL, Haratipour Z, Loughran RM, Choi WJ, Arora GK, Tieu V, Ly K, Llorente A, Crabtree S, Wong JC, Ravi A, Wiederhold T, Murad R, Blind RD, Emerling BM. Hippo and PI5P4K signaling intersect to control the transcriptional activation of YAP. Sci Signal 2024; 17:eado6266. [PMID: 38805583 PMCID: PMC11283293 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.ado6266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Phosphoinositides are essential signaling molecules. The PI5P4K family of phosphoinositide kinases and their substrates and products, PI5P and PI4,5P2, respectively, are emerging as intracellular metabolic and stress sensors. We performed an unbiased screen to investigate the signals that these kinases relay and the specific upstream regulators controlling this signaling node. We found that the core Hippo pathway kinases MST1/2 phosphorylated PI5P4Ks and inhibited their signaling in vitro and in cells. We further showed that PI5P4K activity regulated several Hippo- and YAP-related phenotypes, specifically decreasing the interaction between the key Hippo proteins MOB1 and LATS and stimulating the YAP-mediated genetic program governing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Mechanistically, we showed that PI5P interacted with MOB1 and enhanced its interaction with LATS, thereby providing a signaling connection between the Hippo pathway and PI5P4Ks. These findings reveal how these two important evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways are integrated to regulate metazoan development and human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jared L. Johnson
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Zeinab Haratipour
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232
- Austin Peay State University, Clarksville, TN, 37044
| | | | - Woong Jae Choi
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232
| | | | | | - Kyanh Ly
- Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | | | | | - Jenny C.Y. Wong
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | | | | - Rabi Murad
- Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Raymond D. Blind
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nashville, TN 37232
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Dolatshahi M, Bahrami AR, Sheikh QI, Ghanbari M, Matin MM. Gastric cancer and mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: from pro-tumorigenic effects to anti-cancer vehicles. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:1-19. [PMID: 38151649 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01477-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies in the world, with a high mortality rate in both women and men. Conventional treatments, like chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery, are facing some drawbacks like acquired drug resistance and various side effects, leading to cancer recurrence and increased morbidity; thus, development of novel approaches in targeted therapy would be very beneficial. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles with a size distribution of sub-150 nm, interplay in physiological and pathophysiological cell-cell communications and can pave the way for targeted cancer therapy. Accumulating pieces of evidence have indicated that exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EXs) can act as a double-edged sword in some cancers. The purpose of this review is to assess the differences between stem cell therapy and exosome therapy. Moreover, our aim is to demonstrate how naïve MSCs transform into GC-MSCs in the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, the tumorigenic and anti-proliferation effects of MSC-EXs derived from different origins were investigated. Finally, we suggest potential modifications and combination options that involve utilizing MSC-EXs from the foreskin and umbilical cord as promising sources to enhance the efficacy of gastric cancer treatment. This approach is presented in contrast to bone marrow cells, which are more heterogeneous, age-related, and are also easily affected by the patient's circulation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dolatshahi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Qaiser Iftikhar Sheikh
- School of Biosciences, Western Bank, Firth Court, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, England, UK
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Liu T, Guo S, Ji Y, Zhu W. Role of cancer-educated mesenchymal stromal cells on tumor progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115405. [PMID: 37660642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The malignant tumor is the main cause of human deaths worldwide. Current therapies focusing on the tumor itself have achieved unprecedented benefits. Various pro-tumorigenic factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) could abolish the effect of cancer therapy. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are one of the substantial components in the tumor microenvironment, contributing to tumor progression. However, MSCs are not inherently tumor-promoting. Indeed, they acquire pro-tumorigenic properties under the education of the TME. We herein review how various elements in the TME including tumor cells, immune cells, pro-inflammatory factors, hypoxia, and extracellular matrix influence the biological characteristics of MSCs through complex interactions and demonstrate the underlying mechanisms. We also highlight the importance of tumor-associated mesenchymal stromal cells (TA-MSCs) in promoting tumor progression. Our review gives a new insight into the TA-MSCs as a potential tumor therapeutic target. It is anticipated that subverting MSCs education will facilitate the outbreak of therapeutic strategies against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Shuwei Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Yong Ji
- Department of Surgery, Jingjiang People's Hospital, Jingjiang 214500, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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Liu Y, Lei P, Samuel RZ, Kashyap AM, Groth T, Bshara W, Neelamegham S, Andreadis ST. Cadherin-11 increases tumor cell proliferation and metastatic potential via Wnt pathway activation. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2056-2073. [PMID: 37558205 PMCID: PMC10552893 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
During epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer progression, tumor cells switch cadherin profile from E-cadherin to cadherin-11 (CDH11), which is accompanied by increased invasiveness and metastatic activity. However, the mechanism through which CDH11 may affect tumor growth and metastasis remains elusive. Here, we report that CDH11 was highly expressed in multiple human tumors and was localized on the membrane, in the cytoplasm and, surprisingly, also in the nucleus. Interestingly, β-catenin remained bound to carboxy-terminal fragments (CTFs) of CDH11, the products of CDH11 cleavage, and co-localized with CTFs in the nucleus in the majority of breast cancer samples. Binding of β-catenin to CTFs preserved β-catenin activity, whereas inhibiting CDH11 cleavage led to β-catenin phosphorylation and diminished Wnt signaling, similar to CDH11 knockout. Our data elucidate a previously unknown role of CDH11, which serves to stabilize β-catenin in the cytoplasm and facilitates its translocation to the nucleus, resulting in activation of Wnt signaling, with subsequent increased proliferation, migration and invasion potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayu Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Pedro Lei
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Ronel Z. Samuel
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Anagha M. Kashyap
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Theodore Groth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Wiam Bshara
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Pathology Resource NetworkBuffaloNYUSA
| | - Sriram Neelamegham
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesBuffaloNYUSA
- Center for Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering (CGTE), University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
| | - Stelios T. Andreadis
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
- New York State Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life SciencesBuffaloNYUSA
- Center for Cell, Gene and Tissue Engineering (CGTE), University at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkAmherstNYUSA
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Wang Y, Chen H, Yu J, Kang W, To KF. Recent insight into the role and therapeutic potential of YAP/TAZ in gastrointestinal cancers. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188787. [PMID: 36041574 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of cancer treatment, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are still the most prevalent malignancies with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dysregulation of the Hippo signaling pathway has been recognized to play a critical role during cancer development and adopted for monitoring disease progression and therapy response. Despite the well-documented tumor proliferation and metastasis, recent efforts in two core Hippo components, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), have identified as the driving forces behind cancer metabolism, stemness, tumor immunity, and therapy resistance. Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ facilitates the tumorigenesis and progression of GI cancer, and identifying novel therapeutic strategies for targeting YAP/TAZ are crucial to GI cancer treatment and prevention. In this study, we summarize the latest findings on the function and regulatory mechanisms of YAP/TAZ in GI cancers, and highlight the translational significance of targeting YAP/TAZ for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Wang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Huarong Chen
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care and Peter Hung Pain Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Institute of Digestive Disease, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Sir Y.K. Pao Cancer Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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Wang KH, Ding DC. Role of cancer-associated mesenchymal stem cells in the tumor microenvironment: A review. Tzu Chi Med J 2022; 35:24-30. [PMID: 36866340 PMCID: PMC9972927 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_138_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were applied to the therapy for degenerative diseases, immune, and inflammation. In tumor microenvironments (TME), different sources of MSCs showed that tumor-promoting and -inhibiting effects were mediated by different signaling pathways. Cancer-associated MSCs (CaMSCs) could be recruited from bone marrow or local tissues and mainly showed tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive effects. The transformed CaMSCs preserve the characteristics of stem cells, but the properties of regulating TME are different. Hence, we specifically focus on CaMSCs and discuss the detailed mechanisms of regulating the development of cancer cells and immune cells. CaMSCs could be a potential therapeutic target in various types of cancer. However, the detailed mechanisms of CaMSCs in the TME are relatively less known and need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Dah-Ching Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation and Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan,Address for correspondence: Dr. Dah-Ching Ding, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 707, Section 3, Chung-Yang Road, Hualien, Taiwan. E-mail:
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Kaplan MM, Flucher BE. Counteractive and cooperative actions of muscle β-catenin and CaV1.1 during early neuromuscular synapse formation. iScience 2022; 25:104025. [PMID: 35340430 PMCID: PMC8941212 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activity-dependent calcium signals in developing muscle play a crucial role in neuromuscular junction (NMJ) formation. However, its downstream effectors and interactions with other regulators of pre- and postsynaptic differentiation are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the skeletal muscle calcium channel CaV1.1 and β-catenin interact in various ways to control NMJ development. They differentially regulate nerve branching and presynaptic innervation patterns during the initial phase of NMJ formation. Conversely, they cooperate in regulating postsynaptic AChR clustering, synapse formation, and the proper organization of muscle fibers in mouse diaphragm. CaV1.1 does not directly regulate β-catenin expression but differentially controls the activity of its transcriptional co-regulators TCF/Lef and YAP. These findings suggest a crosstalk between CaV1.1 and β-catenin in the activity-dependent transcriptional regulation of genes involved in specific pre- and postsynaptic aspects of NMJ formation. Neuromuscular junction formation requires either muscle calcium or β-catenin signaling Complementary actions of CaV1.1 and β-catenin control presynaptic innervation patterns Parallel actions of CaV1.1 and β-catenin are crucial for postsynaptic AChR clustering Loss of CaV1.1 differentially regulates activity of β-catenin targets TCF/Lef and YAP
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Mahsum Kaplan
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Corresponding author
| | - Bernhard E. Flucher
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Xiang Z, Hua M, Hao Z, Biao H, Zhu C, Zhai G, Wu J. The Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Immunol 2022; 13:844001. [PMID: 35281017 PMCID: PMC8907448 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.844001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were reported to have strong immunomodulatory ability, and inhibit the proliferation of T cells and their immune response through cell-to-cell interactions and the generation of cytokines. With high differentiation potential and self-renewal ability, MSCs are considered to function in alleviating inflammatory responses, promoting tissue regeneration and inhibiting tissue fibrosis formation. As the most common malignancies, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers have high incidence and mortality. The accurate diagnosis, exact prognosis and treatment of GI cancers have always been a hot topic. Therefore, the potential applications of MSCs in terms of GI cancers are receiving more and more attention. Recently, there is increasing evidence that MSCs may serve as a key point in the growth, metastasis, inhibition, treatment and prognosis of GI cancers. In this review, we summarized the roles of MSCs in GI cancers, mainly focusing on esophageal cancer (EC), gastric cancer (GC), liver cancer (LC), colorectal cancer (CRC) and pancreatic cancer. Besides, we proposed MSCs as potential targets and treatment strategies for the effective treatment of GI cancers, which may provide better guidance for the clinical treatment of GI cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Xiang
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Menglu Hua
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou Hao
- Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huang Biao
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaojie Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanghua Zhai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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Feng XD. Targeting-YAP/TAZ therapies for head and neck cancer, directly or indirectly? HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:493-500. [PMID: 34636195 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
YAP/TAZ are wild over-activated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with high potential as a direct therapy target for HNSCC treatments. However, the efforts on the directly targeting-YAP/TAZ therapies over the past decade, have very limited impacts, mainly caused by: 1. There is still none effective and specific YAP/TAZ inhibitor with clinical potential; 2. YAP/TAZ might not be directly targeted, because of their multiple important biological functions, such as: regulation of cell proliferation and survival, stem cell maintain, regulation of organ development, organ size control, and tissue regeneration. Interestingly, the over-activation of YAP/TAZ in HNSCC mainly be regulated by upstream abnormal molecular or biological events, instead of genes alteration of YAP/TAZ. Therefore, exploring the alternative molecular events regulating YAP/TAZ activation and molecular mechanism in HNSCC might help to uncover novel indirect targets of YAP/TAZ therapies for HNSCC prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Ngo MHT, Peng SW, Kuo YC, Lin CY, Wu MH, Chuang CH, Kao CX, Jeng HY, Lin GW, Ling TY, Chang TS, Huang YH. A Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF-1R) Signaling Loop Is Involved in Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3812. [PMID: 34359714 PMCID: PMC8345119 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a YAP-IGF-1R signaling loop in HCC resistance to sorafenib remains unknown. METHOD Sorafenib-resistant cells were generated by treating naïve cells (HepG2215 and Hep3B) with sorafenib. Different cancer cell lines from databases were analyzed through the ONCOMINE web server. BIOSTORM-LIHC patient tissues (46 nonresponders and 21 responders to sorafenib) were used to compare YAP mRNA levels. The HepG2215_R-derived xenograft in SCID mice was used as an in vivo model. HCC tissues from a patient with sorafenib failure were used to examine differences in YAP and IGF-R signaling. RESULTS Positive associations exist among the levels of YAP, IGF-1R, and EMT markers in HCC tissues and the levels of these proteins increased with sorafenib failure, with a trend of tumor-margin distribution in vivo. Blocking YAP downregulated IGF-1R signaling-related proteins, while IGF-1/2 treatment enhanced the nuclear translocation of YAP in HCC cells through PI3K-mTOR regulation. The combination of YAP-specific inhibitor verteporfin (VP) and sorafenib effectively decreased cell viability in a synergistic manner, evidenced by the combination index (CI). CONCLUSION A YAP-IGF-1R signaling loop may play a role in HCC sorafenib resistance and could provide novel potential targets for combination therapy with sorafenib to overcome drug resistance in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-Huong T. Ngo
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
| | - Sue-Wei Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Chun-Yen Lin
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Ming-Heng Wu
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsien Chuang
- Institute of Information Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (C.-H.C.)
| | - Cheng-Xiang Kao
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
| | - Han-Yin Jeng
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Gee-Way Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Thai-Yen Ling
- Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan;
| | - Te-Sheng Chang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33382, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (M.-H.T.N.); (C.-X.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (S.-W.P.); (G.-W.L.)
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
- The Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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12
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Lorthongpanich C, Charoenwongpaiboon T, Supakun P, Klaewkla M, Kheolamai P, Issaragrisil S. Fisetin Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via the Inhibition of YAP. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060879. [PMID: 34070903 PMCID: PMC8226865 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are self-renewal and capable of differentiating to various functional cell types, including osteocytes, adipocytes, myoblasts, and chondrocytes. They are, therefore, regarded as a potential source for stem cell therapy. Fisetin is a bioactive flavonoid known as an active antioxidant molecule that has been reported to inhibit cell growth in various cell types. Fisetin was shown to play a role in regulating osteogenic differentiation in animal-derived MSCs; however, its molecular mechanism is not well understood. We, therefore, studied the effect of fisetin on the biological properties of human MSCs derived from chorion tissue and its role in human osteogenesis using MSCs and osteoblast-like cells (SaOs-2) as a model. We found that fisetin inhibited proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs as well as human SaOs-2 cells. Fisetin could reduce Yes-associated protein (YAP) activity, which results in downregulation of osteogenic genes and upregulation of fibroblast genes. Further analysis using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations suggests that fisetin occupied the hydrophobic TEAD pocket preventing YAP from associating with TEA domain (TEAD). This finding supports the potential application of flavonoids like fisetin as a protein–protein interaction disruptor and also suggesting an implication of fisetin in regulating human osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchao Lorthongpanich
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Prapasri Supakun
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Methus Klaewkla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 10120, Thailand;
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; (P.S.); (S.I.)
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13
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Li Y, Zhong X, Zhang Y, Lu X. Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Gastric Cancer: Vicious but Hopeful. Front Oncol 2021; 11:617677. [PMID: 34046337 PMCID: PMC8144497 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.617677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression depends on the collaborative interactions between tumor cells and the surrounding stroma. First-line therapies direct against cancer cells may not reach a satisfactory outcome, such as gastric cancer (GC), with high risk of recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, novel treatments and drugs target the effects of stroma components are to be promising alternatives. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent the decisive components of tumor stroma that are found to strongly affect GC development and progression. MSC from bone marrow or adjacent normal tissues express homing profiles in timely response to GC-related inflammation signals and anchor into tumor bulks. Then the newly recruited “naïve” MSC would achieve phenotype and functional alternations and adopt the greater tumor-supporting potential under the reprogramming of GC cells. Conversely, both new-comers and tumor-resident MSC are able to modulate the tumor biology via aberrant activation of oncogenic signals, metabolic reprogramming and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. And they also engage in remodeling the stroma better suited for tumor progression through immunosuppression, pro-angiogenesis, as well as extracellular matrix reshaping. On the account of tumor tropism, MSC could be engineered to assist earlier diagnosis of GC and deliver tumor-killing agents precisely to the tumor microenvironment. Meanwhile, intercepting and abrogating vicious signals derived from MSC are of certain significance for the combat of GC. In this review, we mainly summarize current advances concerning the reciprocal metabolic interactions between MSC and GC and their underlying therapeutic implications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingwei Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunzhu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Lymph node metastasis-derived gastric cancer cells educate bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via YAP signaling activation by exosomal Wnt5a. Oncogene 2021; 40:2296-2308. [PMID: 33654199 PMCID: PMC7994201 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01722-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis (LNM), a common metastatic gastric-cancer (GC) route, is closely related to poor prognosis in GC patients. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) preferentially engraft at metastatic lesions. Whether BM-MSCs are specifically reprogrammed by LNM-derived GC cells (LNM-GCs) and incorporated into metastatic LN microenvironment to prompt GC malignant progression remains unknown. Herein, we found that LNM-GCs specifically educated BM-MSCs via secretory exosomes. Exosomal Wnt5a was identified as key protein mediating LNM-GCs education of BM-MSCs, which was verified by analysis of serum exosomes collected from GC patients with LNM. Wnt5a-enriched exosomes induced YAP dephosphorylation in BM-MSCs, whereas Wnt5a-deficient exosomes exerted the opposite effect. Inhibition of YAP signaling by verteporfin blocked LNM-GC exosome- and serum exosome-mediated reprogramming in BM-MSCs. Analysis of MSC-like cells obtained from metastatic LN tissues of GC patients (GLN-MSCs) confirmed that BM-MSCs incorporated into metastatic LN microenvironment, and that YAP activation participated in maintaining their tumor-promoting phenotype and function. Collectively, our results show that LNM-GCs specifically educated BM-MSCs via exosomal Wnt5a-elicited activation of YAP signaling. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of LNM in GC and BM-MSC reprogramming, and will provide potential therapeutic targets and detection indicators for GC patients with LNM.
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15
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Hooglugt A, van der Stoel MM, Boon RA, Huveneers S. Endothelial YAP/TAZ Signaling in Angiogenesis and Tumor Vasculature. Front Oncol 2021; 10:612802. [PMID: 33614496 PMCID: PMC7890025 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.612802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors are dependent on vascularization for their growth. The hypoxic, stiff, and pro-angiogenic tumor microenvironment induces angiogenesis, giving rise to an immature, proliferative, and permeable vasculature. The tumor vessels promote tumor metastasis and complicate delivery of anti-cancer therapies. In many types of tumors, YAP/TAZ activation is correlated with increased levels of angiogenesis. In addition, endothelial YAP/TAZ activation is important for the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels during development. Oncogenic activation of YAP/TAZ in tumor cell growth and invasion has been studied in great detail, however the role of YAP/TAZ within the tumor endothelium remains insufficiently understood, which complicates therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting YAP/TAZ in cancer. Here, we overview the upstream signals from the tumor microenvironment that control endothelial YAP/TAZ activation and explore the role of their downstream targets in driving tumor angiogenesis. We further discuss the potential for anti-cancer treatments and vascular normalization strategies to improve tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aukie Hooglugt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Miesje M. van der Stoel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Reinier A. Boon
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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16
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Chen B, Ye P, Chen Y, Liu T, Cha JH, Yan X, Yang WH. Involvement of the Estrogen and Progesterone Axis in Cancer Stemness: Elucidating Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Significance. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1657. [PMID: 33014829 PMCID: PMC7498570 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and progesterone regulate the growth and development of human tissues, including the reproductive system and breasts, through estrogen and progesterone receptors, respectively. These receptors are also important indicators for the clinical prognosis of breast cancer and various reproductive cancers. Many studies have reported that cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a key role in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and recurrence. Although the role of estrogen and progesterone in human organs and various cancers has been studied, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of these hormones on CSCs remain unclear. Therefore, further elucidation of the effects of estrogen and progesterone on CSCs should provide a new direction for developing pertinent therapies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the estrogen and progesterone axis involved in cancer stemness and discuss potential therapeutic strategies to inhibit CSCs by targeting relevant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Ye
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yeh Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.,The Institute of Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jong-Ho Cha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Xiuwen Yan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hao Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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17
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Bie Q, Li X, Liu S, Yang X, Qian Z, Zhao R, Zhang X, Zhang B. YAP promotes self-renewal of gastric cancer cells by inhibiting expression of L-PTGDS and PTGDR2. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:2055-2065. [PMID: 32851567 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-020-01771-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer stem cells have been implicated angiogenesis of tumor and invasiveness, drug resistance in tumors. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) owns carcinogenic roles in various organs, but the role of YAP in cancer stem cells of gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. In this study, we explored the function and mechanism of YAP in GC cancer stem cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS, AND RESULTS First, we confirmed that the expression of YAP mRNA and protein in GC tissues was higher than in adjacent tissues by RT-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence staining of the GC tissues revealed that the region of YAP expression coincided with the region of expression of the cancer stem cell marker SALL4 but did not overlap with that of the epithelial marker cytokeratin 14 (CK14). Additional research revealed that spherical cells expressed relatively high levels of YAP protein, and YAP overexpression reinforced self-renewal and expression of stem cell markers in the GC cells. Knockdown the expression of YAP reversed this phenomenon. Second, we examined the expression patterns of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PTGDS) and prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 (PTGDR2) in GC tissues and proved that there was negatively correlation between the expression of L-PTGDS and PTGDR2 and YAP in GC tissues. Finally, we confirmed that YAP inhibited the expression of L-PTGDS and PTGDR2 by gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Moreover, the overexpression of L-PTGDS and PTGDR2 suppressed the proliferation and self-renewal induced by YAP in vitro and reversed the pro-tumor effect of YAP in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results revealed a novel function of YAP and the mechanism underlying cancer stem cell regulation by YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingli Bie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhe Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwen Qian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Rou Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobei Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, 89 Guhuai Road, Jining, 272000, Shandong, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Yamaguchi H, Taouk GM. A Potential Role of YAP/TAZ in the Interplay Between Metastasis and Metabolic Alterations. Front Oncol 2020; 10:928. [PMID: 32596154 PMCID: PMC7300268 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) and Transcriptional Co-activator with PDZ-binding Motif (TAZ) are the downstream effectors of the Hippo signaling pathway that play a crucial role in various aspects of cancer progression including metastasis. Metastasis is the multistep process of disseminating cancer cells in a body and responsible for the majority of cancer-related death. Emerging evidence has shown that cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to gain proliferation, invasion, migration, and anti-apoptotic abilities and adapt to various environment during metastasis. Moreover, it has increasingly been recognized that YAP/TAZ regulates cellular metabolism that is associated with the phenotypic changes, and recent studies suggest that the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic alterations contribute to metastasis. In this review, we will introduce the latest knowledge of YAP/TAZ regulation and function in cancer metastasis and metabolism, and discuss possible links between the YAP/TAZ-mediated metabolic reprogramming and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Yamaguchi
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
| | - Ghina M Taouk
- Cancer Research Center, College of Health and Life Sciences, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Qatar Foundation (QF), Doha, Qatar
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19
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Liu H, Ni S, Wang H, Zhang Q, Weng W. Charactering tumor microenvironment reveals stromal-related transcription factors promote tumor carcinogenesis in gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2020; 9:5247-5257. [PMID: 32463580 PMCID: PMC7367614 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors represent the crucial role of controlling gene transcription in cancer development and progression. However, their functions in gastric cancer have not been thoroughly characterized. For this study, we comprehensively evaluated the correlation between infiltration patterns of tumor microenvironment (TME) cells and TFs expression in the cohort of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) from TCGA database. We integrally explored differential expression panel and prognostic value of candidate TFs in TCGA‐STAD cohort. Notably, we found a key transcription factor named HEYL, which its expression level was correlated with stromal component transformation of TME. HEYL was regularly high expressed in gastric cancer and correlated with patients’ poor prognosis. Knockdown of HEYL prominently abrogated the tendency of cell proliferation, migration, and progression in gastric cancer. Consistently, overexpression of HEYL strikingly accelerated the gastric carcinoma development through activating oncogenic signaling pathways and transcriptional activation of cadherin 11 (CDH11). Our findings not only identified the close relationship between TFs and TME phenotype, but also emphasized the crucial importance of TFs, especially HEYL, which could be identified as a candidate biomarker to evaluate prognostic risk and therapeutic effect in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shujuan Ni
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbo Wang
- Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Qiongyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Weng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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20
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Mechanisms of the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Tumor Microenvironment in Helicobacter pylori-Induced Gastric Cancer. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041055. [PMID: 32340207 PMCID: PMC7225971 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human pathogens, affecting half of the world’s population. Approximately 20% of the infected patients develop gastric ulcers or neoplastic changes in the gastric stroma. An infection also leads to the progression of epithelial–mesenchymal transition within gastric tissue, increasing the probability of gastric cancer development. This paper aims to review the role of H. pylori and its virulence factors in epithelial–mesenchymal transition associated with malignant transformation within the gastric stroma. The reviewed factors included: CagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) along with induction of cancer stem-cell properties and interaction with YAP (Yes-associated protein pathway), tumor necrosis factor α-inducing protein, Lpp20 lipoprotein, Afadin protein, penicillin-binding protein 1A, microRNA-29a-3p, programmed cell death protein 4, lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane 4β, cancer-associated fibroblasts, heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF), matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). The review summarizes the most recent findings, providing insight into potential molecular targets and new treatment strategies for gastric cancer.
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21
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The Emerging Role of GC-MSCs in the Gastric Cancer Microenvironment: From Tumor to Tumor Immunity. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8071842. [PMID: 31885627 PMCID: PMC6914970 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8071842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been declared to not only participate in wound repair but also affect tumor progression. Tumor-associated MSCs, directly existing in the tumor microenvironment, play a critical role in tumor initiation, progression, and development. And different tumor-derived MSCs have their own unique characteristics. In this review, we mainly describe and discuss recent advances in our understanding of the emerging role of gastric cancer-derived MSC-like cells (GC-MSCs) in regulating gastric cancer progression and development, as well as the bidirectional influence between GC-MSCs and immune cells of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we also discuss the potential biomarker and therapeutic role of GC-MSCs. It is anticipated that new and deep insights into the functionality of GC-MSCs and the underlying mechanisms will promote the novel and promising therapeutic strategies against gastric cancer.
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22
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Liu H, Mei D, Xu P, Wang H, Wang Y. YAP promotes gastric cancer cell survival and migration/invasion via the ERK/endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:6752-6758. [PMID: 31807184 PMCID: PMC6876304 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.11049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein (YAP) has been reported to serve an important role in gastric cancer cell survival and migration. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The aim of present study was to identify the underlying mechanism through which Yap sustains gastric cancer viability and migration. The results of the present study demonstrated that YAP expression was upregulated in gastric cancer MKN-28/74 cells compared with normal gastric GES-1 cells. Functional studies revealed that silencing of YAP inhibited gastric cancer MKN-28/74 cell viability and invasion. Mechanistically, YAP may promote gastric cancer cell survival and migration/invasion by inhibiting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway. In addition, YAP may regulate ER stress by activating the ERK signaling pathway. The results of the present study suggested that YAP may be a tumor promoter in gastric cancer and act through the ERK/ER stress pathway; therefore, YAP may have potential implications for new approaches to gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Dong Mei
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
| | - Haisheng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, College of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010110, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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23
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Zhang C, Qian H, Liu K, Zhao W, Wang L. A Feedback Loop Regulation Of LINC01433 And YAP Promotes Malignant Behavior In Gastric Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:7949-7962. [PMID: 31632054 PMCID: PMC6778481 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s222903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are associated with GC development and progression. However, the functional roles and underlying mechanism of LINC01433 on GC progression remain elusive. Methods Firstly, the expression of LINC01433 was examined in 76 pairs of primary GC and corresponding adjacent non-tumorous tissues. Next, overexpression and knockdown experiments were conducted in GC cells to explore the effect of LINC01433 on the malignant behaviors of GC cells. Then, the interaction between LINC01433 and YAP was detected by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull-down assays. Results We found that LINC01433 was significantly upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines and correlated with poor prognosis. Through gain- and loss-of-function experiments, we demonstrated that LINC01433 promoted proliferation, migration, invasion and chemotherapy resistance in GC cells. Further mechanistic investigation revealed that LINC01433 could stabilize oncoprotein YAP through enhancing the interaction between deubiquitinase USP9X and YAP. LINC01433 decreased the phosphorylation of YAP via suppressing YAP-LATS1 association. Intriguingly, YAP directly bound to LINC01433 promoter region and activated its transcription. Thus, LINC01433 and YAP formed a positive feedback loop. Conclusion Collectively, our study demonstrates that the positive feedback loop between LINC01433 and YAP promotes GC progression, and implies that the LINC01433-YAP feedback loop may be a promising therapeutic target for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cao Zhang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiquan Qian
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Liu
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan City, The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China
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Li N, Lu N, Xie C. The Hippo and Wnt signalling pathways: crosstalk during neoplastic progression in gastrointestinal tissue. FEBS J 2019; 286:3745-3756. [PMID: 31342636 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo and Wnt signalling pathways play crucial roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis and organ size by orchestrating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. These pathways have been frequently found to be dysregulated in human cancers. While the canonical signal transduction of Hippo and Wnt has been well studied, emerging evidence shows that these two signalling pathways contribute to and exhibit overlapping functions in gastrointestinal (GI) tumorigenesis. In fact, the core effectors YAP/TAZ in Hippo signalling pathway cooperate with β-catenin in Wnt signalling pathway to promote GI neoplasia. Here, we provide a brief review to summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between these two pathways and elucidate their involvement in GI tumorigenesis, particularly focusing on the intestine, stomach and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nianshuang Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
| | - Chuan Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, China
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Tang X, Sun Y, Wan G, Sun J, Sun J, Pan C. Knockdown of YAP inhibits growth in Hep-2 laryngeal cancer cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:654. [PMID: 31269911 PMCID: PMC6610877 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5832-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yes-associated protein (YAP) plays a crucial role in tumour development and it is the main effector of the Hippo signalling pathway. However, the mechanism underlying YAP downregulation in laryngeal cancer is still unclear. In our previous study, we found that YAP, compared with adjacent tissues, was expressed higher in laryngeal cancer and was also closely associated with histological differentiation, TNM stage and poor prognosis. METHODS In this study, we attempted to determine whether silenced YAP could downregulate human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells progression. YAP was downregulated in Hep-2 cells by shRNA, and the malignant ability of Hep-2 was assessed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS In vitro, CCK-8, colony formation and wound healing assays showed that downregulation of YAP significantly reduced the rates of proliferation, migration, and invasion in Hep-2 cells. Downregulation of YAP distinctly induced G2/M cycle arrest and increased the rate of apoptosis. Accordingly, western blot assay suggested that the expression of DKK1, vimentin and β-catenin was significantly decreased after YAP downregulated treatment, thereby indicating that YAP mediated the EMT programme and the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in carcinoma of the larynx. Furthermore, silencing of YAP suppressed Hep-2 cell tumourigenesis and metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSION In summary, our findings demonstrated the proliferation of YAP downregulation and the invasion of Hep-2 cells via downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that YAP may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of laryngeal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganglun Wan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwu Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunchen Pan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
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Azad T, Ghahremani M, Yang X. The Role of YAP and TAZ in Angiogenesis and Vascular Mimicry. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050407. [PMID: 31052445 PMCID: PMC6562567 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature, is a physiological process that begins in utero and continues throughout life in both good health and disease. Understanding the underlying mechanism in angiogenesis could uncover a new therapeutic approach in pathological angiogenesis. Since its discovery, the Hippo signaling pathway has emerged as a key player in controlling organ size and tissue homeostasis. Recently, new studies have discovered that Hippo and two of its main effectors, Yes-associated protein (YAP) and its paralog transcription activator with PDZ binding motif (TAZ), play critical roles during angiogenesis. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms by which YAP/TAZ regulate endothelial cell shape, behavior, and function in angiogenesis. We further discuss how YAP/TAZ function as part of developmental and pathological angiogenesis. Finally, we review the role of YAP/TAZ in tumor vascular mimicry and propose directions for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Azad
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Mina Ghahremani
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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