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Zheng Y, Zhong G, He C, Li M. Targeted splicing therapy: new strategies for colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1222932. [PMID: 37664052 PMCID: PMC10470845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1222932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA splicing is the process of forming mature mRNA, which is an essential phase necessary for gene expression and controls many aspects of cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation. Abnormal gene-splicing events are closely related to the development of tumors, and the generation of oncogenic isoform in splicing can promote tumor progression. As a main process of tumor-specific splicing variants, alternative splicing (AS) can promote tumor progression by increasing the production of oncogenic splicing isoforms and/or reducing the production of normal splicing isoforms. This is the focus of current research on the regulation of aberrant tumor splicing. So far, AS has been found to be associated with various aspects of tumor biology, including cell proliferation and invasion, resistance to apoptosis, and sensitivity to different chemotherapeutic drugs. This article will review the abnormal splicing events in colorectal cancer (CRC), especially the tumor-associated splicing variants arising from AS, aiming to offer an insight into CRC-targeted splicing therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chengcheng He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Lei S, Du X, Tan K, He X, Zhu Y, Zhao S, Yang Z, Dou G. CRP‑1 promotes the malignant behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via activating epithelial‑mesenchymal transition and Wnt/β‑catenin signaling. Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:314. [PMID: 37273753 PMCID: PMC10236095 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. It has been reported that cysteine rich protein 1 (CRP-1) is dysregulated in several types of human cancer; however, its role in HCC is poorly understood. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the role of CRP-1 in HCC. Western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR results showed that CRP-1 was upregulated in HCC cell lines. Furthermore, for in vitro experiments, CRP-1 was knocked down and overexpressed in the HCC cell lines Hep 3B2.1-7 and BEL-7405, respectively. c-Myc and proliferating cell nuclear antigen upregulation, and cleaved caspase 3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase downregulation suggested that CRP-1 silencing could inhibit the proliferation and colony-forming ability of HCC cells, and induce apoptosis. In addition, CRP-1 overexpression promoted the malignant behavior of HCC cells and induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as verified by E-cadherin downregulation, and N-cadherin and vimentin upregulation. Additionally, CRP-1 overexpression promoted the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, and activated the expression of cyclin D1 and matrix metalloproteinase-7. Furthermore, inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, following cell treatment with XAV-939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, abrogated the effects of CRP-1 on enhancing the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. These findings indicated that the regulatory effect of CRP-1 on HCC cells could be mediated by the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Overall, CRP-1 could promote the proliferation and migration of HCC cell lines, partially via promoting EMT and activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Lei
- Department of Interventional Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Xilin Du
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Kai Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Yejing Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Shoujie Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Gang Dou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
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Montero-Hidalgo AJ, Pérez-Gómez JM, Martínez-Fuentes AJ, Gómez-Gómez E, Gahete MD, Jiménez-Vacas JM, Luque RM. Alternative splicing in bladder cancer: potential strategies for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1760. [PMID: 36063028 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract worldwide. The therapeutic options to tackle this disease comprise surgery, intravesical or systemic chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Unfortunately, a wide number of patients ultimately become resistant to these treatments and develop aggressive metastatic disease, presenting a poor prognosis. Therefore, the identification of novel therapeutic approaches to tackle this devastating pathology is urgently needed. However, a significant limitation is that the progression and drug response of bladder cancer is strongly associated with its intrinsic molecular heterogeneity. In this sense, RNA splicing is recently gaining importance as a critical hallmark of cancer since can have a significant clinical value. In fact, a profound dysregulation of the splicing process has been reported in bladder cancer, especially in the expression of certain key splicing variants and circular RNAs with a potential clinical value as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets in this pathology. Indeed, some authors have already evidenced a profound antitumor effect by targeting some splicing factors (e.g., PTBP1), mRNA splicing variants (e.g., PKM2, HYAL4-v1), and circular RNAs (e.g., circITCH, circMYLK), which illustrates new possibilities to significantly improve the management of this pathology. This review represents the first detailed overview of the splicing process and its alterations in bladder cancer, and highlights opportunities for the development of novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and their clinical potential for the treatment of this devastating cancer type. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Montero-Hidalgo
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Jesús M Pérez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Antonio J Martínez-Fuentes
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Enrique Gómez-Gómez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Urology Service, HURS/IMIBIC, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Manuel D Gahete
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Juan M Jiménez-Vacas
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
| | - Raúl M Luque
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
- CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), Cordoba, 14004, Spain
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Rystsov GK, Lisov AV, Zemskova MY. Polymers of 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid Induce Formation of Spheroids in Mammalian Cells. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s106816202206019x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Mirón-Barroso S, Correia JS, Frampton AE, Lythgoe MP, Clark J, Tookman L, Ottaviani S, Castellano L, Porter AE, Georgiou TK, Krell J. Polymeric Carriers for Delivery of RNA Cancer Therapeutics. Noncoding RNA 2022; 8:ncrna8040058. [PMID: 36005826 PMCID: PMC9412371 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna8040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
As research uncovers the underpinnings of cancer biology, new targeted therapies have been developed. Many of these therapies are small molecules, such as kinase inhibitors, that target specific proteins; however, only 1% of the genome encodes for proteins and only a subset of these proteins has ‘druggable’ active binding sites. In recent decades, RNA therapeutics have gained popularity due to their ability to affect targets that small molecules cannot. Additionally, they can be manufactured more rapidly and cost-effectively than small molecules or recombinant proteins. RNA therapeutics can be synthesised chemically and altered quickly, which can enable a more personalised approach to cancer treatment. Even though a wide range of RNA therapeutics are being developed for various indications in the oncology setting, none has reached the clinic to date. One of the main reasons for this is attributed to the lack of safe and effective delivery systems for this type of therapeutic. This review focuses on current strategies to overcome these challenges and enable the clinical utility of these novel therapeutic agents in the cancer clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Mirón-Barroso
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joana S. Correia
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Adam E. Frampton
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Mark P. Lythgoe
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - James Clark
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Laura Tookman
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
| | - Silvia Ottaviani
- Department of Biosciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4FQ, UK;
| | | | - Alexandra E. Porter
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK; (J.S.C.); (A.E.P.); (T.K.G.)
| | - Jonathan Krell
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College, London W12 0HS, UK; (A.E.F.); (M.P.L.); (J.C.); (L.T.); (J.K.)
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Kim CJ, Terado T, Tambe Y, Mukaisho KI, Kageyama S, Kawauchi A, Inoue H. Cryptotanshinone, a novel PDK 4 inhibitor, suppresses bladder cancer cell invasiveness via the mTOR/β‑catenin/N‑cadherin axis. Int J Oncol 2021; 59:40. [PMID: 33982789 PMCID: PMC8131085 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2021.5220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) 4 inhibits its ability to induce a glycolytic shift. PDK4 expression is upregulated in various types of human cancer. Because PDK4 regulation is critical for metabolic changes in cancer cells, it is an attractive target for cancer therapy given its ability to shift glucose metabolism. It was previously shown that a novel PDK4 inhibitor, cryptotanshinone (CPT), suppressed the three‑dimensional (3D)‑spheroid formation of pancreatic and colorectal cancer cells. In the present study, the effects of CPT on the invasiveness of bladder cancer cells were investigated. CPT significantly suppressed the invasiveness and 3D‑spheroid formation of T24 and J82 bladder cancer cells. CPT also suppressed the phosphorylation of PDH and β‑catenin, as well as the expression of N‑cadherin, which are all critical for inducing epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT). The knockdown of β‑catenin or PDK4 using specific small interfering RNAs suppressed N‑cadherin expression and invasiveness in T24 cells. An mTOR inhibitor also suppressed the phosphorylation of β‑catenin and N‑cadherin expression. Furthermore, CPT injection significantly suppressed pancreatic tumor growth and peritoneal dissemination of highly metastatic SUIT‑2 pancreatic cancer cells in a mouse orthotopic pancreatic cancer model, without evident toxicity. Moreover, immunohistochemistry analyses demonstrated decreased β‑catenin expression in CPT‑treated pancreatic tumors compared with control tumors. Taken together, these results indicate that CPT reduced the invasiveness and metastasis of bladder cancer cells by suppressing EMT via the mTOR/β‑catenin/N‑cadherin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chul Jang Kim
- Department of Urology, Kohka Public Hospital, Minakuchi-cho, Kohka, Shiga 528-0074, Japan
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tokio Terado
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Tambe
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Mukaisho
- Division of Human Pathology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Susumu Kageyama
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawauchi
- Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Inoue
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
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Up-regulated microRNA-33b inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gallbladder cancer through down-regulating CROCC. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:221400. [PMID: 31799620 PMCID: PMC6954365 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but fatal gastrointestinal tumor. The microRNA-33b (miR-33b), a member of miR-33 family, is reported to function as a tumor suppressor in various cancers. Notably, miR-33 was predicted to target CROCC based on microarray-based analysis. Hereby, we aimed to characterize the effect of miR-33b on epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) in GBC and the potential mechanism involved with the regulation of CROCC. In GBC cell lines, miR-33b expressed at low levels, and CROCC expressed at high levels, with enhanced EMT process. To further examine the specific mechanism of miR-33b and CROCC in GBC, the GBC cells were treated with the miR-33b mimic/inhibitor or siRNA-CROCC to assess the expression alteration of EMT-related genes and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-33b was verified to target and down-regulate the expression of CROCC. The miR-33b up-regulation or CROCC silencing was observed to increase the level of E-cadherin but decrease the levels of N-cadherin and Vimentin, corresponding to impeded cell proliferation, migration, invasion, EMT, and tumor growth. The findings suggest that miR-33b up-regulation hinders GBC development through down-regulating CROCC, which was achieved by inhibition of EMT. The present study may provide an insight on a novel target for GBC treatment.
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Guo J, Guo M, Zheng J. Inhibition of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Suppresses the Stemness Maintenance of Cancer Stem Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via the MAPK/ERK Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:773-785. [PMID: 33536785 PMCID: PMC7850411 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s281969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a life-threatening malignant tumor. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) harbor tumor-initiating capacity and can be used as a therapeutic target for human malignancies. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play a regulatory role in CSCs. This study investigated the role and mechanism of BMP2 in CSCs in HCC. Methods BMP2 expression in HCC tissues and cells, and CSCs from HepG2 cells and SMMC7721 cells (HepG2-CSCs and SMMC7721-CSCs) was measured. The association between BMP2 expression and prognosis of HCC patients was analyzed. CSCs were interfered with BMP2 to evaluate the abilities of colony and tumor sphere formation, levels of stemness-related markers, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and invasion and migration. Levels of MAPK/ERK pathway-related proteins in HepG2-CSCs were detected after BMP2 knockdown. The effect of the activated MAPK/ERK pathway on HepG2-CSCs was assessed. Finally, the effect of BMP2 inhibition on CSCs in HCC was verified in vivo. Results BMP2 showed obvious upregulation in HCC tissues and cells and was further upregulated in CSCs in HCC, with its higher expression indicative of worse prognosis. Silencing BMP2 inhibited colony and tumor sphere formation, levels of stemness-related markers, as well as EMT, invasion and migration of HepG2-CSCs and SMMC7721-CSCs. The MAPK/ERK pathway was suppressed after BMP2 knockdown, and its activation reversed the inhibitory effect of shBMP2 on hepatic CSCs. BMP2 accelerated tumor growth and EMT of CSCs in HCC in vivo. Conclusion We concluded that BMP2 knockdown inhibited the EMT, proliferation and invasion of CSCs in HCC, thereby hindering the stemness maintenance via suppressing the MAPK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juncheng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311 Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311 Hainan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, 570311 Hainan, People's Republic of China
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Shen H, Cai S, Wu C, Yang W, Yu H, Liu L. Recent Advances in Three-Dimensional Multicellular Spheroid Culture and Future Development. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:96. [PMID: 33477508 PMCID: PMC7831097 DOI: 10.3390/mi12010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCSs) have received extensive attention in the field of biomedicine due to their ability to simulate the structure and function of tissues in vivo more accurately than traditional in vitro two-dimensional models and to simulate cell-cell and cell extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. It has become an important in vitro three-dimensional model for tumor research, high-throughput drug screening, tissue engineering, and basic biology research. In the review, we first summarize methods for MCSs generation and their respective advantages and disadvantages and highlight the advances of hydrogel and microfluidic systems in the generation of spheroids. Then, we look at the application of MCSs in cancer research and other aspects. Finally, we discuss the development direction and prospects of MCSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Shen
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (H.S.); (S.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Shuxiang Cai
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (H.S.); (S.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Chuanxiang Wu
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (H.S.); (S.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Wenguang Yang
- School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China; (H.S.); (S.C.); (C.W.)
| | - Haibo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (H.Y.); (L.L.)
| | - Lianqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; (H.Y.); (L.L.)
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Wang C, Wang Z, Chen C, Fu X, Wang J, Fei X, Yan X, Xu R. A low MW inhibitor of CD44 dimerization for the treatment of glioblastoma. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:3009-3023. [PMID: 32080830 PMCID: PMC7280016 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE As a hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), CD44 plays a crucial role in promoting glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) stemness phenotypes and multiple drug resistance. The therapeutic potential of CD44 has been validated by the clinical successes of several CD44 inhibitors, including antibodies and hyaluronan-related drugs. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We used systemsDock software to predict verbascoside as a candidate CD44 inhibitor. Microscale thermophoresis was used to confirm the interaction between CD44 and verbascoside. Four glioblastoma cell lines and a patient-derived glioblastoma cell line were used to test the influences of verbascoside on glioblastoma. CD44-overexpressing and CD44-knockout cell lines were also used. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analyses were performed. A xenograft mouse model was used to test verbascoside. KEY RESULTS Verbascoside bound to CD44 and suppressed its dimerization. By inhibiting CD44 dimerization, verbascoside decreased the release of the CD44 intracellular domain (CD44ICD) and suppressed the expression of CD44 downstream genes. Verbascoside treatment suppressed the stemness phenotypes of cells with high CD44 expression. In a mouse model of glioma, verbascoside treatment highly reduced the growth of intracranial tumours and inhibited CD44ICD release. Both stem cell marker and mesenchymal GBM subtype marker genes were down-regulated in verbascoside-treated mice. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Verbascoside suppressed growth of glioblastoma cells by inhibiting CD44 dimerization. Stem cell-like cell properties and tumour cell growth were also suppressed by verbascoside, both in vitro and in vivo. Verbascoside significantly prolonged survival of xenografted mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongwu Wang
- The 7th Medical center of Chinese PLA general hospitalChinese PLA General Hospital Afflicted the Seventh Medical CenterBeijingChina
| | - Zhaotao Wang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chen Chen
- The 7th Medical center of Chinese PLA general hospitalChinese PLA General Hospital Afflicted the Seventh Medical CenterBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojun Fu
- Chinese PLA General HospitalMedicine School of Chinese PLABeijingChina
| | - Ji Wang
- School of basic medical scienceSouthern Medicine UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xiaowei Fei
- The 7th Medical center of Chinese PLA general hospitalChinese PLA General Hospital Afflicted the Seventh Medical CenterBeijingChina
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and BreedingChinese Academy of ForestryBeijingChina
| | - Ruxiang Xu
- The 7th Medical center of Chinese PLA general hospitalChinese PLA General Hospital Afflicted the Seventh Medical CenterBeijingChina
- School of basic medical scienceSouthern Medicine UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of MedicineUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
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Yin Z, Zhou Y, Ma T, Chen S, Shi N, Zou Y, Hou B, Zhang C. Down-regulated lncRNA SBF2-AS1 in M2 macrophage-derived exosomes elevates miR-122-5p to restrict XIAP, thereby limiting pancreatic cancer development. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5028-5038. [PMID: 32301277 PMCID: PMC7205800 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has indicated that M2 macrophages promote the progression of cancers, but few focus on the ability of M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes in pancreatic cancer (PC). This study aims to explore how M2 macrophages affect malignant phenotypes of PC through regulating long non‐coding RNA SET‐binding factor 2 antisense RNA 1 (lncRNA SBF2‐AS1)/microRNA‐122‐5p (miR‐122‐5p)/X‐linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) axis. THP‐1 cells were transformed into M1 macrophages by lipopolysaccharide and interferon‐γ treatment, and into M2 macrophages after interleukin‐4 treatment. The PANC‐1 PC cell line with the largest lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 expression was selected, and M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes were isolated and identified. A number of assays were applied for the examination of lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 expression, PC cell biological functions and subcellular localization of lncRNA SBF2‐AS1. XIAP expression was detected, along with the interaction among lncRNA SBF2‐AS1, miR‐122‐5p and XIAP. M2 macrophage exosomal lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 expression's effects on the tumorigenic ability of PANC‐1 cells in nude mice were also investigated. M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes promoted progression of PC cells. Overexpressed lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 promoted progression of PC cells. LncRNA SBF2‐AS1 was found to act as a competing endogenous RNA to repress miR‐122‐5p and up‐regulate XIAP. Constrained lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 in M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes contributed to restraining tumorigenic ability of PC cells. Collectively, our study reveals that constrained lncRNA SBF2‐AS1 in M2 macrophage‐derived exosomes increases miR‐122‐5p expression to restrain XIAP expression, which further inhibits PC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yin
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Shi
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Zou
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Hou
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuanzhao Zhang
- General Surgery Department, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Liu R, Zhang Y, Sun P, Wang C. DDP-resistant ovarian cancer cells-derived exosomal microRNA-30a-5p reduces the resistance of ovarian cancer cells to DDP. Open Biol 2020; 10:190173. [PMID: 32343928 PMCID: PMC7241078 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.190173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes carrying microRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play critical roles in the regulation of development, growth and metastasis of cancer. Bioinformatic predictions identified differentially expressed SRY-box 9 (SOX9) in OC, and the regulatory miRNA miR-139-5p. Here, we aim to evaluate the function of exosomal miR-139-5p in the sensitivity of ovarian cancer (OC) cells to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP). Expression pattern of miR-139-5p and SOX9 in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3) and DDP-resistant cells (SKOV3/DDP) was identified using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The relationship between miR-139-5p and SOX9 was validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. SKOV3/DDP cell line was developed and introduced with miR-30a-5p mimic to analyse the effects of miR-30a-5p on resistance to DDP. The in vitro and in vivo effects of exosomal miR-30a-5p on resistance of SKOV3 cells to DDP were assessed in a co-culture system of exosomes and OC cells as well as in tumour-bearing nude mice. High expression of SOX9 and low expression of miR-30-5p were witnessed in OC. Furthermore, miR-30-5p, a downregulated miRNA in SKOV3/DDP cells, increased the rate of cell apoptosis and enhanced the sensitivity of SKOV3/DDP cells to DDP by targeting SOX9. Moreover, exosomes carrying miR-30a-5p were identified to sensitize SKOV3/DDP cells to DDP both in vitro and in vivo. These data together supported an important conclusion that DDP-resistant OC cell-derived exosomal miR-30a-5p enhanced cellular sensitivity to DDP, highlighting a potential strategy to overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghua Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucan Zhang
- Department of Surgery, People's Hospital of Luozhuang District, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
| | - Changxiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi 276000, People's Republic of China
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Yang ZY, Wang Y, Liu Q, Wu M. microRNA cluster MC-let-7a-1~let-7d promotes autophagy and apoptosis of glioma cells by down-regulating STAT3. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 26:319-331. [PMID: 31868319 PMCID: PMC7052808 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has highlighted the correlation between microRNAs (miRNAs) and the progression of glioma. However, the role of miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d in glioma remains elusive. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d on glioma progression. Methods and Results Microarray data analysis provided data indicating the involvement of miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d in glioma via STAT3. The expression of let‐7a‐1, let‐7d, let‐7f‐1, and miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d was diminished in the glioma tissues and the cell lines. Additionally, our results revealed that STAT3 was a target gene of let‐7d, let‐7a‐1, and let‐7f‐1, which was further verified by the dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Moreover, STAT3 expression was negatively mediated by let‐7a‐1, let‐7d, and let‐7f‐1. Up‐regulated miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d or silenced STAT3 suppressed cell proliferation but accelerated cell apoptosis and autophagy. Moreover, restrained tumor growth was identified in the nude mice treated with miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d mimics or STAT3 siRNA. Conclusion Taken together, the miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d promotes glioma cell autophagy and apoptosis by repressing STAT3. The current study highlights the potential of the miR cluster MC‐let‐7a‐1 ~ let‐7d as biomarkers and promising treatment strategies for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuan-Yi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Medical School of Central South University & Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
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Lin C, Yuan H, Wang W, Zhu Z, Lu Y, Wang J, Feng F, Wu J. Importance of PNO1 for growth and survival of urinary bladder carcinoma: Role in core-regulatory circuitry. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 24:1504-1515. [PMID: 31800162 PMCID: PMC6991670 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PNO1 (partner of Nob1) was known as a RNA‐binding protein in humans, and its ortholog PNO1 was reported to participate ribosome and proteasome biogenesis in yeasts. Yet there have been few studies about its functions in mammalian cells, and so far its role in human cells has never been reported, especially in urinary bladder cancer (UBC).We interrogated the cellular functions and clinical significance of PNO1 in, and its molecular mechanism through microarrays and bioinformatics analysis. Our findings support that PNO1 participates in promoting proliferation and colonogenesis, while reducing apoptosis of UBC cells, and is also predicted to be associated with the migration and metastasis of UBC PNO1 knockdown (KD) attenuated the tumorigenesis ability of UBC in mouse. PNO1 KD led to the altered expression of 1543 genes that are involved in a number of signalling pathways, biological functions and regulation networks. CD44, PTGS2, cyclin D1, CDK1, IL‐8, FRA1, as well as mTOR, p70 S6 kinase, p38 and Caspase‐3 proteins were all down‐regulated in PNO1 KD cells, suggesting the involvement of PNO1 in inflammatory responses, cell cycle regulation, chemotaxis, cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis, cell migration and invasiveness. This study will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanism of UBC and may eventually provide novel targets for individualized cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Lin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Hejia Yuan
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Wenting Wang
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Zhe Zhu
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Youyi Lu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- The Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Fan Feng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Jitao Wu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China
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Li Z, Qin X, Bian W, Li Y, Shan B, Yao Z, Li S. Exosomal lncRNA ZFAS1 regulates esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis via microRNA-124/STAT3 axis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:477. [PMID: 31775815 PMCID: PMC6882153 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background In recent years, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of great importance in development of different types of tumors, while the function of lncRNA ZFAS1 is rarely discussed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Therefore, we performed this study to explore the expression of exosomal lncRNA ZFAS1 and its molecular mechanism on ESCC progression. Methods Expression of ZFAS1 and miR-124 in ESCC tissues was detected. LncRNA ZFAS1 was silenced to detect its function in the biological functions of ESCC cells. A stable donor and recipient culture model was established. Eca109 cells transfected with overexpressed and low expressed ZFAS1 plasmid and miR-124 inhibitor labeled by Cy3 were the donor cells, and then co-cultured with recipient cells to observe the transmission of Cy3-ZFAS1 between donor cells and recipient cells. The changes of cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration in recipient cells were detected. The in vivo experiment was conducted for verifying the in vitro results. Results LncRNA ZFAS1 was upregulated and miR-124 was down-regulated in ESCC tissues. Silencing of ZFAS1 contributed to suppressed proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor growth in vitro and induced apoptosis of ESCC cells. LncRNA ZFAS1 was considered to be a competing endogenous RNA to regulate miR-124, thereby elevating STAT3 expression. Exosomes shuttled ZFAS1 stimulated proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells and restricted their apoptosis with increased STAT3 and declined miR-124. Furthermore, in vivo experiment suggested that elevated ZFAS1-exo promoted tumor growth in nude mice. Conclusion This study highlights that exosomal ZFAS1 promotes the proliferation, migration and invasion of ESCC cells and inhibits their apoptosis by upregulating STAT3 and downregulating miR-124, thereby resulting in the development of tumorigenesis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Li
- Clinical Laboratory Center, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebo Qin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Bian
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishuai Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei Provincial Chest Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoen Shan
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimeng Yao
- Institute of Precision Medicine and Pathology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050000, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China.
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BMP2 secretion from hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2 enhances angiogenesis and tumor growth in endothelial cells via activation of the MAPK/p38 signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:237. [PMID: 31387619 PMCID: PMC6683571 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1301-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common tumors globally, with varying prevalence based on endemic risk factors. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities in various tissues including angiogenesis. Here, this study aimed to investigate the mechanism of BMP2 in HCC by mediating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/p38 signaling pathway. Methods BMP2 expression was quantified in HCC and adjacent tissues. BMP2 gain- and loss-of-function experiments were conducted by infection with lentivirus over-expressing BMP2 or expressing shRNA against BMP2. The angiogenesis was evaluated with HepG2 cells co-cultured with ECV304 cells. SB-239063 was applied to inhibit the activation of the MAPK/p38 signaling pathway so as to identify the significance of this pathway in HCC progression. Finally, in vivo experiments were conducted to identify the role of BMP2 and the MAPK/p38 signaling pathway in tumor growth and angiogenesis. Results BMP2 was highly expressed in HCC. Over-expression of BMP2 was found to accelerate cell proliferation, migration, invasion, microvascular density, and angiogenesis and decrease cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. BMP2 silencing exhibited inhibitory effects on HCC cell invasion and angiogenesis. The co-culture system illustrated that HepG2 cells secreted BMP2 in ECV304, and silenced BMP2 in HepG2 cells resulted in the inactivation of the MAPK/p38 signaling pathway, thus suppressing cancer progression, tumor growth, and angiogenesis in HCC. Conclusion Taken together, the key findings of this study propose that silencing of BMP2 inhibits angiogenesis and tumor growth in HCC, highlighting BMP2 silencing as a potential strategy for the treatment of HCC.
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Wang ZF, Liao F, Wu H, Dai J. Glioma stem cells-derived exosomal miR-26a promotes angiogenesis of microvessel endothelial cells in glioma. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:201. [PMID: 31101062 PMCID: PMC6525364 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1181-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are involved in cancer initiation and metastasis, could potentially release exosomes that mediate cellular communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs). Based on the role of miR-26a in angiogenesis of glioma, our study was performed to investigate whether glioma stem cells (GSCs)-derived exosomes containing miR-26a could exert effects on angiogenesis of microvessel endothelial cells in glioma, in order to provide a new therapeutic RNA vehicle for glioma therapies. METHODS The expression of miR-26a and PTEN in glioma was quantified and the interaction among miR-26a, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway was examined. Next, a series of gain- and loss-of function experiments were conducted to determine the role of miR-26a in angiogenesis of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). Subsequently, HBMECs were exposed to exosomes derived from GSCs with the gain-/loss-of-function of miR-26a. Finally, the effect of exosomal miR-26a on angiogenesis of HBMECs was assessed both in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results revealed that PTEN was down-regulated, while miR-26a was up-regulated in glioma. miR-26a activated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting PTEN. Restored miR-26a promoted proliferation, migration, tube formation, and angiogenesis of HBMECs in vitro. In addition, GSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-26a contributed to enhanced proliferation and angiogenesis of HBMECs in vitro through inhibition of PTEN. The angiogenic effects of GSCs-derived exosomes overexpressing miR-26a in vivo were consistent with the above-mentioned in vitro findings. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study demonstrates that GSCs-derived exosomal miR-26a promotes angiogenesis of HBMECs, highlighting an angiogenic role of miR-26a via exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Fei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
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Jeon S, Kim Y, Jeong YM, Bae JS, Jung CK. CCND1 Splice Variant as A Novel Diagnostic and Predictive Biomarker for Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E437. [PMID: 30428594 PMCID: PMC6266131 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 protein is aberrantly overexpressed in thyroid cancers, but mutations of the CCND1 gene are rare in these tumors. We investigated the CCND1 rs9344 (G870A) polymorphism and the expression profiles of wild-type CCND1a and shortened oncogenic isoform CCND1b at the mRNA and protein levels in 286 thyroid tumors. Genotype AA of rs9344 was associated with high expression of CCND1b mRNA and was more frequently found in thyroid cancer than in benign tumors. The mRNA expression levels of CCND1b were higher in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) than in benign or other malignant tumors. However, the expression of CCND1a mRNA showed no association with the parameters. Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) was distinguished from PTC by low expression of CCND1b at mRNA and protein levels. We further observed that cyclin D1b immunostaining helped to avoid the misdiagnosis of classic PTC with predominant follicular pattern as NIFTP in a separate cohort. Nuclear cyclin D1b expression was associated with aggressive clinicopathologic features in PTC. These findings suggest that cyclin D1b overexpression can be used as a diagnostic and predictive biomarker in thyroid tumors and may be functionally involved in the development and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sora Jeon
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Yourha Kim
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Young Mun Jeong
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Ja Seong Bae
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
| | - Chan Kwon Jung
- Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
- Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.
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Bai J, Luo X. 5-Hydroxy-4'-Nitro-7-Propionyloxy-Genistein Inhibited Invasion and Metastasis via Inactivating Wnt/b-Catenin Signal Pathway in Human Endometrial Carcinoma Ji Endometrial Cells. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:3230-3243. [PMID: 29769480 PMCID: PMC5985707 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy has been assuring more important roles in the treatment of carcinoma. Developing new types of drugs with less adverse effects and low drug resistance has become an important researching focus. The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer effects of 5-hydroxy-4′-nitro-7-propionyloxy-genistein (HNPG) and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanism. Material/Methods The inhibitory effects of cell viability of HNPG were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flat plate clone formation method, and Transwell assay. The distribution of cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry (FCM) method. The morphological alteration, root-mean-squared roughness (Rq), average roughness (Ra), Young’s modulus, and adhesive force were measured by atomic force microscope (AFM) assay. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were used to explore the possible molecular mechanism. Results We found that HNPG had dramatic activity against Ji Endometrial cells (JEC) in vitro, inhibited the proliferation and colony formation, attenuated invasion and migration ability, and arrested cell cycle in G1 phase, all in a dose-dependent manner. Simultaneously, cell bodies shrunk, pseudopod structures retracted, Rq and Ra were reduced, and Young’s modulus and adhesive force increased, accompanied by downregulation of β-catenin, C-Myc, Cyclin D1, matrix metalloprotease 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloprotease 7 (MMP-7), and matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP-9). Conclusions HNPG dramatically inhibited invasion and metastasis of JEC cells in vitro. Its molecular mechanism might be related to inactivation of the wnt/β-catenin signal pathway, accumulated cells in G1/S phase, inhibited cell proliferation, improved adhesive force between cells, and reduced cell plasticity and elasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Clinical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Xin Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Clinical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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