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Shu L, Lin S, Zhou S, Yuan T. Glycan-Lectin interactions between platelets and tumor cells drive hematogenous metastasis. Platelets 2024; 35:2315037. [PMID: 38372252 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2315037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a ubiquitous cellular or microenvironment-specific post-translational modification that occurs on the surface of normal cells and tumor cells. Tumor cell-associated glycosylation is involved in hematogenous metastasis. A wide variety of tumors undergo aberrant glycosylation to interact with platelets. As platelets have many opportunities to engage circulating tumor cells, they represent an important avenue into understanding the role glycosylation plays in tumor metastasis. Platelet involvement in tumor metastasis is evidenced by observations that platelets protect tumor cells from damaging shear forces and immune system attack, aid metastasis through the endothelium at specific sites, and facilitate tumor survival and colonization. During platelet-tumor-cell interactions, many opportunities for glycan-ligand binding emerge. This review integrates the latest information about glycans, their ligands, and how they mediate platelet-tumor interactions. We also discuss adaptive changes that tumors undergo upon glycan-lectin binding and the impact glycans have on targeted therapeutic strategies for treating tumors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longqiang Shu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shanyi Lin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shumin Zhou
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wang Y, Lih TM, Lee JW, Ohtsuka T, Hozaka Y, Mino-Kenudson M, Adsay NV, Luchini C, Scarpa A, Maker AV, Kim GE, Paulino J, Chen L, Jiao L, Sun Z, Goodman D, Pflüger MJ, Roberts NJ, Matthaei H, Wood LD, Furukawa T, Zhang H, Hruban RH. Multi-omic profiling of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the pancreas reveals distinct expression patterns and potential markers of progression. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.07.602385. [PMID: 39005476 PMCID: PMC11245086 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.07.602385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
In order to advance our understanding of precancers in the pancreas, 69 pancreatic intraductal papillary neoplasms (IPNs), including 64 intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) and 5 intraductal oncocytic papillary neoplasms (IOPNs), 32 pancreatic cyst fluid samples, 104 invasive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), 43 normal adjacent tissues (NATs), and 76 macro-dissected normal pancreatic ducts (NDs) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. A total of 10,246 proteins and 22,284 glycopeptides were identified in all tissue samples, and 756 proteins with more than 1.5-fold increase in abundance in IPMNs relative to NDs were identified, 45% of which were also identified in cyst fluids. The over-expression of selected proteins was validated by immunolabeling. Proteins and glycoproteins overexpressed in IPMNs included those involved in glycan biosynthesis and the immune system. In addition, multiomics clustering identified two subtypes of IPMNs. This study provides a foundation for understanding tumor progression and targets for earlier detection and therapies. Significance This multilevel characterization of intraductal papillary neoplasms of the pancreas provides a foundation for understanding the changes in protein and glycoprotein expression during the progression from normal duct to intraductal papillary neoplasm, and to invasive pancreatic carcinoma, providing a foundation for informed approaches to earlier detection and treatment.
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Li C, Liu L, You R, Li Y, Pu H, Lei M, Fan B, Lv J, Liu M, Yan G, Li Z, You D, Zhang T. Trajectory patterns and cumulative burden of CEA during follow-up with non-small cell lung cancer outcomes: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1803-1808. [PMID: 38594371 PMCID: PMC11130257 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) focused on CEA measured at a single time point, ignoring serial CEA measurements. METHODS This retrospective cohort included 2959 patients underwent surgery for stage I-III NSCLC. CEA trajectory patterns and long-term cumulative CEA burden were evaluated using the latent class growth mixture model. RESULTS Four CEA trajectory groups were identified, named as low-stable, decreasing, early-rising and later-rising. Compared with the low-stable group, the adjusted hazard ratios associated with death were 1.27, 4.50, and 3.68 for the other groups. Cumulative CEA burden were positively associated with the risk of death in patients not belonging to the low-stable group. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates decreased from 62.3% to 33.0% for the first and fourth quantile groups of cumulative CEA burden. Jointly, patients with decreasing CEA trajectory could be further divided into the decreasing & low and decreasing & high group, with 5-year OS rates to be 77.9% and 47.1%. Patients with rising CEA trajectory and high cumulative CEA were found to be more likely to develop bone metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal trajectory patterns and long-term cumulative burden of CEA were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC. We recommend CEA in postoperative surveillance of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lizhu Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ruimin You
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hongjiang Pu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jiali Lv
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mengmei Liu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Guanghong Yan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Dingyun You
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety & School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Nunes MJ, Carvalho AN, Rosa AI, Videira PA, Gama MJ, Rodrigues E, Castro-Caldas M. Altered expression of Sialyl Lewis X in experimental models of Parkinson's disease. J Mol Med (Berl) 2024; 102:365-377. [PMID: 38197965 PMCID: PMC10879467 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) are still not fully understood. Glycosylation is an important post-translational modification that affects protein function, cell-cell contacts and inflammation and can be modified in pathologic conditions. Although the involvement of aberrant glycosylation has been proposed for PD, the knowledge of the diversity of glycans and their role in PD is still minimal. Sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) is a sialylated and fucosylated tetrasaccharide with essential roles in cell-to-cell recognition processes. Pathological conditions and pro-inflammatory mediators can up-regulate sLeX expression on cell surfaces, which has important consequences in intracellular signalling and immune function. Here, we investigated the expression of this glycan using in vivo and in vitro models of PD. We show the activation of deleterious glycation-related pathways in mouse striatum upon treatment with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), a toxin-based model of PD. Importantly, our results show that MPTP triggers the presentation of more proteins decorated with sLeX in mouse cortex and striatum in a time-dependent manner, as well as increased mRNA expression of its rate-limiting enzyme fucosyltransferase 7. sLeX is expressed in neurons, including dopaminergic neurons, and microglia. Although the underlying mechanism that drives increased sLeX epitopes, the nature of the protein scaffolds and their functional importance in PD remain unknown, our data suggest for the first time that sLeX in the brain may have a role in neuronal signalling and immunomodulation in pathological conditions. KEY MESSAGES: MPTP triggers the presentation of proteins decorated with sLeX in mouse brain. MPTP triggers the expression of sLeX rate-limiting enzyme FUT 7 in striatum. sLeX is expressed in neurons, including dopaminergic neurons, and microglia. sLeX in the brain may have a role in neuronal signalling and immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Nunes
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Neves Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandra I Rosa
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paula A Videira
- Department of Life Sciences, UCIBIO, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Maria João Gama
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elsa Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Castro-Caldas
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Life Sciences, UCIBIO, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal.
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Chen X, Chen C, Huang L, Wu P. Pretreatment controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and carcinoembryonic antigen level provide tumor progression and prognostic information in gastric cancer: A retrospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36535. [PMID: 38065858 PMCID: PMC10713154 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study explores the role of combining the controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level on predicting tumor stage and prognosis in gastric cancer (GC) patients. A total of 682 GC patients were included in this retrospective study. CONUT scores and CEA levels were combined to establish a new scoring system: CONUT-CEA score. cutoff values for distinguishing patients between stage IV and non-stage IV were established by receiver operating characteristic curves. cutoff values for predicting prognosis were determined by maximum χ2 method. The CONUT and CEA cutoff values for discriminating stage IV patients from non-stage IV patients were 2.0 and 5.58 ng/mL, respectively. Logistic regression model demonstrated that high CONUT-CEA score was related to advanced tumor stage. Among non-stage IV patients, CONUT and CEA cutoff values of 2.0 and 9.50 ng/mL predicted overall survival (OS), respectively. The Cox proportional risk model revealed that high CONUT-CEA score was notable related to decreased OS (2 vs 0: hazard ratios (HR) = 2.358, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.412-3.940, P = .001) and decreased disease-free survival (2 vs 0: HR = 1.980, 95% CI = 1.072-3.656, P = .003). The CONUT-CEA score may be a good biomarker for predicting tumor stage and prognosis in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linjing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peiwen Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Endocrinology, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Glycolipid and Bone Mineral Metabolism, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Metabolic Diseases Research Institute, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Xie X, Kong S, Cao W. Targeting protein glycosylation to regulate inflammation in the respiratory tract: novel diagnostic and therapeutic candidates for chronic respiratory diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1168023. [PMID: 37256139 PMCID: PMC10225578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1168023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein glycosylation is a widespread posttranslational modification that can impact the function of proteins. Dysregulated protein glycosylation has been linked to several diseases, including chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs). CRDs pose a significant public health threat globally, affecting the airways and other lung structures. Emerging researches suggest that glycosylation plays a significant role in regulating inflammation associated with CRDs. This review offers an overview of the abnormal glycoenzyme activity and corresponding glycosylation changes involved in various CRDs, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, and lung cancer. Additionally, this review summarizes recent advances in glycomics and glycoproteomics-based protein glycosylation analysis of CRDs. The potential of glycoenzymes and glycoproteins for clinical use in the diagnosis and treatment of CRDs is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Xie
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Kong
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqian Cao
- Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wu Z, Wu Y, Liu Z, Song Y, Ge L, Du T, Liu Y, Liu L, Liu C, Ma L. L1CAM deployed perivascular tumor niche promotes vessel wall invasion of tumor thrombus and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:112. [PMID: 37015905 PMCID: PMC10073121 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01410-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of tumor cells in the bloodstream, and vasculature adhesion at metastatic sites are crucial for tumor metastasis. Perivascular invasion aids tumor cell self-renewal, survival, and formation of metastases by facilitating readily available oxygen, nutrients, and endothelial-derived paracrine factors. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is among the most prevalent tumors of the urinary system, and the formation of venous tumor thrombus (VTT) is a characteristic feature of RCC. We observed high expression of L1CAM in the VTT with vessel wall invasion. L1CAM promotes the adhesion, migration, and invasion ability of RCC and enhances metastasis by interacting with ITGA5, which elicits activation of signaling downstream of integrin α5β1. L1CAM promotes ADAM17 transcription to facilitate transmembrane ectodomain cleavage and release of soluble L1CAM. In response to soluble L1CAM, vascular endothelial cells release several cytokines and chemokines. Endothelial-derived CXCL5 and its receptor CXCR2 promote the migration and intravasation of RCC toward endothelial cells suggesting that crosstalk between endothelial cells and tumor cells has a direct guiding role in driving the metastatic spread of RCC. LICAM plays a crucial role in the invasive ability of RCC, and regulation of L1CAM expression may contribute therapeutically to preventing RCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglong Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yaqian Wu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yimeng Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Ge
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Tan Du
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yunchong Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, P.R. China.
| | - Lulin Ma
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, P.R. China.
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Berois N, Pittini A, Osinaga E. Targeting Tumor Glycans for Cancer Therapy: Successes, Limitations, and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030645. [PMID: 35158915 PMCID: PMC8833780 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant glycosylation is a common feature of many cancers, and it plays crucial roles in tumor development and biology. Cancer progression can be regulated by several physiopathological processes controlled by glycosylation, such as cell–cell adhesion, cell–matrix interaction, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), which are suitable for selective cancer targeting, as well as novel antitumor immunotherapy approaches. This review summarizes the strategies developed in cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, analyzing molecular and cellular mechanisms and state-of-the-art methods in clinical oncology. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and can lead to changes that influence tumor behavior. Glycans can serve as a source of novel clinical biomarker developments, providing a set of specific targets for therapeutic intervention. Different mechanisms of aberrant glycosylation lead to the formation of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) suitable for selective cancer-targeting therapy. The best characterized TACAs are truncated O-glycans (Tn, TF, and sialyl-Tn antigens), gangliosides (GD2, GD3, GM2, GM3, fucosyl-GM1), globo-serie glycans (Globo-H, SSEA-3, SSEA-4), Lewis antigens, and polysialic acid. In this review, we analyze strategies for cancer immunotherapy targeting TACAs, including different antibody developments, the production of vaccines, and the generation of CAR-T cells. Some approaches have been approved for clinical use, such as anti-GD2 antibodies. Moreover, in terms of the antitumor mechanisms against different TACAs, we show results of selected clinical trials, considering the horizons that have opened up as a result of recent developments in technologies used for cancer control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Berois
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
| | - Alvaro Pittini
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Glicobiología e Inmunología Tumoral, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay;
- Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (E.O.)
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Structural Insights in Mammalian Sialyltransferases and Fucosyltransferases: We Have Come a Long Way, but It Is Still a Long Way Down. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175203. [PMID: 34500643 PMCID: PMC8433944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cell surfaces are modified with complex arrays of glycans that play major roles in health and disease. Abnormal glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer; terminal sialic acid and fucose in particular have high levels in tumor cells, with positive implications for malignancy. Increased sialylation and fucosylation are due to the upregulation of a set of sialyltransferases (STs) and fucosyltransferases (FUTs), which are potential drug targets in cancer. In the past, several advances in glycostructural biology have been made with the determination of crystal structures of several important STs and FUTs in mammals. Additionally, how the independent evolution of STs and FUTs occurred with a limited set of global folds and the diverse modular ability of catalytic domains toward substrates has been elucidated. This review highlights advances in the understanding of the structural architecture, substrate binding interactions, and catalysis of STs and FUTs in mammals. While this general understanding is emerging, use of this information to design inhibitors of STs and FUTs will be helpful in providing further insights into their role in the manifestation of cancer and developing targeted therapeutics in cancer.
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Song Y, Sun H, Wu K, Lyu J, Zhang J, Gu F, Ma Y, Shen B, Wang C, Chen X, Xu J, Li W, Liu F, Fu L. sLe x expression in invasive micropapillary breast carcinoma is associated with poor prognosis and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a supplementary diagnostic indicator. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0422. [PMID: 33893728 PMCID: PMC8185870 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mucin 1 (MUC1/EMA) and sialyl Lewis X (sLex) indicate polarity reversal in invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MUC1/EMA and sLex and to assess their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients with IMPC. METHODS The expression of sLex and MUC1/EMA in 100 patients with IMPC and a control group of 89 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS) were analyzed with IHC. Fresh tumor tissues were collected from patients with IMPC or IDC-NOS for primary culture and immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS The rate of nodal metastasis was higher in patients with IMPC than those with IDC-NOS, and IMPC cells tended to express more sLex and MUC1/EMA in the cytomembranes (the stroma-facing surfaces of the micropapillary clusters) than IDC-NOS cells. In IMPC, high cytomembrane expression of sLex, but not MUC1/EMA, indicated poor prognosis. In addition, among the 100 patients with IMPC, 10 patients had sLex+/EMA- expression patterns, and 8 patients had sLex-/EMA+ expression patterns. The primary IMPC cells were suspended, non-adherent tumor cell clusters, whereas the primary IDC cells were adherent tumor cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that MUC1/EMA and sLex were co-expressed on the cytomembranes in IMPC cell clusters and in the cytoplasm in IDC-NOS cells. CONCLUSIONS sLex can be used as a prognostic indicator and can be combined with MUC1/EMA as a complementary diagnostic indicator to avoid missed IMPC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Song
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Kailiang Wu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jianke Lyu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jingyue Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yongjie Ma
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Beibei Shen
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Chijuan Wang
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xiaojiao Chen
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Weidong Li
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education; Breast Cancer Innovation Team of the Ministry of Education; State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research, Tianjin 300060, China
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11
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Shchegravina ES, Sachkova AA, Usova SD, Nyuchev AV, Gracheva YA, Fedorov AY. Carbohydrate Systems in Targeted Drug Delivery: Expectation and Reality. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021010222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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12
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Houvast RD, Vankemmelbeke M, Durrant LG, Wuhrer M, Baart VM, Kuppen PJK, de Geus-Oei LF, Vahrmeijer AL, Sier CFM. Targeting Glycans and Heavily Glycosylated Proteins for Tumor Imaging. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12123870. [PMID: 33371487 PMCID: PMC7767531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Distinguishing malignancy from healthy tissue is essential for oncologic surgery. Targeted imaging during an operation aids the surgeon to operate better. The present tracers for detecting cancer are directed against proteins that are overexpressed on the membrane of tumor cells. This review evaluates the use of tumor-associated sugar molecules as an alternative for proteins to image cancer tissue. These sugar molecules are present as glycans on glycosylated membrane proteins and glycolipids. Due to their location and large numbers per cell, these sugar molecules might be better targets for tumor imaging than proteins. Abstract Real-time tumor imaging techniques are increasingly used in oncological surgery, but still need to be supplemented with novel targeted tracers, providing specific tumor tissue detection based on intra-tumoral processes or protein expression. To maximize tumor/non-tumor contrast, targets should be highly and homogenously expressed on tumor tissue only, preferably from the earliest developmental stage onward. Unfortunately, most evaluated tumor-associated proteins appear not to meet all of these criteria. Thus, the quest for ideal targets continues. Aberrant glycosylation of proteins and lipids is a fundamental hallmark of almost all cancer types and contributes to tumor progression. Additionally, overexpression of glycoproteins that carry aberrant glycans, such as mucins and proteoglycans, is observed. Selected tumor-associated glyco-antigens are abundantly expressed and could, thus, be ideal candidates for targeted tumor imaging. Nevertheless, glycan-based tumor imaging is still in its infancy. In this review, we highlight the potential of glycans, and heavily glycosylated proteoglycans and mucins as targets for multimodal tumor imaging by discussing the preclinical and clinical accomplishments within this field. Additionally, we describe the major advantages and limitations of targeting glycans compared to cancer-associated proteins. Lastly, by providing a brief overview of the most attractive tumor-associated glycans and glycosylated proteins in association with their respective tumor types, we set out the way for implementing glycan-based imaging in a clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben D. Houvast
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (V.M.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Mireille Vankemmelbeke
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.V.); (L.G.D.)
| | - Lindy G. Durrant
- Scancell Limited, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (M.V.); (L.G.D.)
- Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Victor M. Baart
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (V.M.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Peter J. K. Kuppen
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (V.M.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands;
- Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander L. Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (V.M.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (A.L.V.)
| | - Cornelis F. M. Sier
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands; (R.D.H.); (V.M.B.); (P.J.K.K.); (A.L.V.)
- Percuros BV, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-752662610
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13
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Deschepper FM, Zoppi R, Pirro M, Hensbergen PJ, Dall’Olio F, Kotsias M, Gardner RA, Spencer DI, Videira PA. L1CAM as an E-selectin Ligand in Colon Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218286. [PMID: 33167483 PMCID: PMC7672641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the main cause of death among colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. E-selectin and its carbohydrate ligands, including sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, are key players in the binding of circulating tumor cells to the endothelium, which is one of the major events leading to organ invasion. Nevertheless, the identity of the glycoprotein scaffolds presenting these glycans in CRC remains unclear. In this study, we firstly have characterized the glycoengineered cell line SW620 transfected with the fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6) coding for the α1,3-fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), which is the main enzyme responsible for the synthesis of sLeX in CRC. The SW620FUT6 cell line expressed high levels of sLeX antigen and E-selectin ligands. Moreover, it displayed increased migration ability. E-selectin ligand glycoproteins were isolated from the SW620FUT6 cell line, identified by mass spectrometry, and validated by flow cytometry and Western blot (WB). The most prominent E-selectin ligand we identified was the neural cell adhesion molecule L1 (L1CAM). Previous studies have shown association of L1CAM with metastasis in cancer, thus the novel role as E-selectin counter-receptor contributes to understand the molecular mechanism involving L1CAM in metastasis formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny M. Deschepper
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
| | - Roberta Zoppi
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
| | - Martina Pirro
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.P.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Paul J. Hensbergen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands; (M.P.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Fabio Dall’Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Maximillianos Kotsias
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Richard A. Gardner
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Daniel I.R. Spencer
- Ludger Ltd., Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3EB, UK; (M.K.); (R.A.G.); (D.I.R.S.)
| | - Paula A. Videira
- Unidade de Ciências Biomoleculares Aplicadas (UCIBIO), Departamento Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (F.M.D.); (R.Z.)
- CDG & Allies - Professionals and Patient Associations International Network (CDG & Allies - PPAIN), 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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14
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Thomas D, Rathinavel AK, Radhakrishnan P. Altered glycosylation in cancer: A promising target for biomarkers and therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188464. [PMID: 33157161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycosylation is a well-regulated cell and microenvironment specific post-translational modification. Several glycosyltransferases and glycosidases orchestrate the addition of defined glycan structures on the proteins and lipids. Recent advances and systemic approaches in glycomics have significantly contributed to a better understanding of instrumental roles of glycans in health and diseases. Emerging research evidence recognized aberrantly glycosylated proteins as the modulators of the malignant phenotype of cancer cells. The Cancer Genome Atlas has identified alterations in the expressions of glycosylation-specific genes that are correlated with cancer progression. However, the mechanistic basis remains poorly explored. Recent researches have shown that specific changes in the glycan structures are associated with 'stemness' and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. Moreover, epigenetic changes in the glycosylation pattern make the tumor cells capable of escaping immunosurveillance mechanisms. The deciphering roles of glycans in cancer emphasize that glycans can serve as a source for the development of novel clinical biomarkers. The ability of glycans in intervening various stages of tumor progression and the biosynthetic pathways involved in glycan structures constitute a promising target for cancer therapy. Advances in the knowledge of innovative strategies for identifying the mechanisms of glycan-binding proteins are hoped to hold great potential in cancer therapy. This review discusses the fundamental role of glycans in regulating tumorigenesis and tumor progression and provides insights into the influence of glycans in the current tactics of targeted therapies in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Thomas
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar Rathinavel
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Prakash Radhakrishnan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA; Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
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15
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Bechmann MB, Brydholm AV, Codony VL, Kim J, Villadsen R. Heterogeneity of CEACAM5 in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2020; 11:3886-3899. [PMID: 33196697 PMCID: PMC7597409 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CEACAM5 is overexpressed in many primary breast carcinomas. However, the exact role of CEACAM5 in breast cancer tumorigenesis remains unresolved. Here, we examined a repository of 110 cryopreserved primary breast carcinomas by immunohistochemistry to assess the distribution of CEACAM5 in tumor subtypes. The majority of estrogen receptor-positive and HER2-overexpressing tumors were CEACAM5-positive, whereas most of Triple-negative tumors were negative. Assessing sample sets of paired primary breast cancers and corresponding lymph node lesions from a total of 59 patients revealed a high correlation between primary tumor and lymph node with regard to CEACAM5-status. However, a notable subset of sample sets demonstrated intratumoral heterogeneity in the primary tumor, the metastatic lesion or both, suggesting that both CEACAM5-positive and –negative cells can play a role in tumor dissemination. When examining the consequence of expression of CEACAM5 in breast cancer cell lines in culture assays we found that CEACAM5-expressing cells were less invasive. In survival analysis, using cohort studies of breast cancer, expression of CEACAM5 predicted different clinical outcomes depending on molecular subtypes. Altogether, our analysis suggests that CEACAM5 plays a context-dependent role in breast cancer that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc B Bechmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas V Brydholm
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Victoria L Codony
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Villadsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Del Solar V, Gupta R, Zhou Y, Pawlowski G, Matta KL, Neelamegham S. Robustness in glycosylation systems: effect of modified monosaccharides, acceptor decoys and azido sugars on cellular nucleotide-sugar levels and pattern of N-linked glycosylation. Mol Omics 2020; 16:377-386. [PMID: 32352119 DOI: 10.1039/d0mo00023j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Small molecule monosaccharide analogs (e.g. 4F-GlcNAc, 4F-GalNAc) and acceptor decoys (e.g. ONAP, SNAP) are commonly used as metabolic glycoengineering tools to perturb molecular and cellular recognition processes. Azido-derivatized sugars (e.g. ManNAz, GlcNAz, GalNAz) are also used as bioorthogonal probes to assay the glycosylation status of cells and tissue. With the goal of obtaining a systems-level understanding of how these compounds work, we cultured cells with these molecules and systematically evaluated their impact on: (i) cellular nucleotide-sugar levels, and (ii) N-linked glycosylation. To this end, we developed a streamlined, simple workflow to quantify nucleotide-sugar levels using amide-based hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation followed by negative-mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) using an Orbitrap detector. N-Glycans released from cells were also procainamide functionalized and quantified using positive-mode ESI-MS/MS. Results show that all tested compounds changed the baseline nucleotide-sugar levels, with the effect being most pronounced for the fluoro-HexNAc compounds. These molecules depressed UDP-HexNAc levels in cells by up to 80%, while concomitantly elevating UDP-4F-GalNAc and UDP-4F-GlcNAc. While the measured changes in nucleotide-sugar concentration were substantial in many cases, their impact on N-linked glycosylation was relatively small. This may be due to the high nucleotide-sugar concentrations in the Golgi, which far exceed the KM values of the glycosylating enzymes. Thus, the glycosylation system output exhibits 'robustness' even in the face of significant changes in cellular nucleotide-sugar concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Del Solar
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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