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Gladkikh BP, Danilov DV, D’yachenko VS, Butov GM. 1,3-Dichloroadamantyl-Containing Ureas as Potential Triple Inhibitors of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase, p38 MAPK and c-Raf. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:338. [PMID: 38203510 PMCID: PMC10779153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an enzyme involved in the metabolism of bioactive lipid signaling molecules. sEH converts epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EET) to virtually inactive dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHET). The first acids are "medicinal" molecules, the second increase the inflammatory infiltration of cells. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPKs) are key protein kinases involved in the production of inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). p38 MAPK signaling plays an important role in the regulation of cellular processes, especially inflammation. The proto-oncogenic serine/threonine protein kinase Raf (c-Raf) is a major component of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway: ERK1/2 signaling. Normal cellular Raf genes can also mutate and become oncogenes, overloading the activity of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2. The development of multitarget inhibitors is a promising strategy for the treatment of socially dangerous diseases. We synthesized 1,3-disubstituted ureas and diureas containing a dichloroadamantyl moiety. The results of computational methods show that soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors can act on two more targets in different signaling pathways of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 MAPK and c-Raf. The two chlorine atoms in the adamantyl moiety may provide additional Cl-π interactions in the active site of human sEH. Molecular dynamics studies have shown that the stability of ligand-protein complexes largely depends on the "spacer effect." The compound containing a bridge between the chloroadamantyl fragment and the ureide group forms more stable ligand-protein complexes with sEH and p38 MAPK, which indicates a better conformational ability of the molecule in the active sites of these targets. In turn, a compound containing two chlorine atoms forms a more stable complex with c-Raf, probably due to the presence of additional halogen bonds of chlorine atoms with amino acid residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris P. Gladkikh
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
| | - Dmitry V. Danilov
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
| | - Vladimir S. D’yachenko
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch), Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU), Volzhsky 404121, Russia
| | - Gennady M. Butov
- Department of Technology of Organic and Petrochemical Synthesis, Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd 400005, Russia; (B.P.G.); (D.V.D.); (G.M.B.)
- Department of Chemistry, Technology and Equipment of Chemical Industry, Volzhsky Polytechnic Institute (Branch), Volgograd State Technical University (VSTU), Volzhsky 404121, Russia
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2
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Lu X, Vano YA, Su X, Helleux A, Lindner V, Mouawad R, Spano JP, Rouprêt M, Compérat E, Verkarre V, Sun CM, Bennamoun M, Lang H, Barthelemy P, Cheng W, Xu L, Davidson I, Yan F, Fridman WH, Sautes-Fridman C, Oudard S, Malouf GG. Silencing of genes by promoter hypermethylation shapes tumor microenvironment and resistance to immunotherapy in clear-cell renal cell carcinomas. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101287. [PMID: 37967556 PMCID: PMC10694769 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors varies in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), with notable primary resistance among patients. Here, we integrate epigenetic (DNA methylation) and transcriptome data to identify a ccRCC subtype characterized by cancer-specific promoter hypermethylation and epigenetic silencing of Polycomb targets. We develop and validate an index of methylation-based epigenetic silencing (iMES) that predicts primary resistance to immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) in the BIONIKK trial. High iMES is associated with VEGF pathway silencing, endothelial cell depletion, immune activation/suppression, EZH2 activation, BAP1/SETD2 deficiency, and resistance to ICI. Combination therapy with hypomethylating agents or tyrosine kinase inhibitors may benefit patients with high iMES. Intriguingly, tumors with low iMES exhibit increased endothelial cells and improved ICI response, suggesting the importance of angiogenesis in ICI treatment. We also develop a transcriptome-based analogous system for extended applicability of iMES. Our study underscores the interplay between epigenetic alterations and tumor microenvironment in determining immunotherapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Lu
- Department of Cancer and Functional Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS/INSERM/UNISTRA, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Yann-Alexandre Vano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France; Centre de Recherche Cordeliers, INSERM 1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Xiaoping Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra Helleux
- Department of Cancer and Functional Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS/INSERM/UNISTRA, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Véronique Lindner
- Department of Pathology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Roger Mouawad
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Spano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Morgan Rouprêt
- Sorbonne University, GRC 5 P, UKredictive Onco-Uro, AP-HP, Urology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eva Compérat
- Department of Pathology, Sorbonne University, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Verkarre
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Cheng-Ming Sun
- Centre de Recherche Cordeliers, INSERM 1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Mostefa Bennamoun
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Hervé Lang
- Department of Urology, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Barthelemy
- Department of Medical Oncology, Strasbourg University, Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Wenxuan Cheng
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Irwin Davidson
- Department of Cancer and Functional Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS/INSERM/UNISTRA, 67400 Illkirch, France
| | - Fangrong Yan
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Wolf Hervé Fridman
- Centre de Recherche Cordeliers, INSERM 1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Sautes-Fridman
- Centre de Recherche Cordeliers, INSERM 1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Oudard
- Centre de Recherche Cordeliers, INSERM 1138, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Equipe labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gabriel G Malouf
- Department of Cancer and Functional Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biology, CNRS/INSERM/UNISTRA, 67400 Illkirch, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Strasbourg University, Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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3
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Taheri F, Ebrahimi SO, Heidari R, Pour SN, Reiisi S. Mechanism and function of miR-140 in human cancers: A review and in silico study. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 241:154265. [PMID: 36509008 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) acts as a tumor suppressor and plays a vital role in cell biological functions such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair. The expression of this miRNA has been shown to be considerably decreased in cancer tissues and cell lines compared with normal adjacent tissues. Consequently, aberrant expression of some miR-140 target genes can lead to the initiation and progression of various human cancers, such as breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. The dysregulation of the miR-140 network also affects cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis of cancer cells by affecting various signaling pathways. Besides, up-regulation of miR-140 could enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents in different cancer. We aimed to cover most aspects of miR-140 function in cancer development and address its importance in different stages of cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Taheri
- Department of Genetics, Sharekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sharekord, Iran
| | - Seyed Omar Ebrahimi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Razieh Heidari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Somaye Nezamabadi Pour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Somayeh Reiisi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran.
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Singh H, Patel V. Role of Molecular Targeted Therapeutic Drugs in Treatment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Development and Current Strategies—A Review Article. Glob Med Genet 2022; 9:242-246. [PMID: 36132998 PMCID: PMC9484872 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1756663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of active advancement in the field of biomedicine, people have in-depth knowledge of biological nature of malignant tumors and are able to recognized the overexpression of different molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, cyclin-dependent kinase, and programmed cell death receptor. Presently, various targeted therapeutic drugs are used in different clinical trials in those patients suffering from oral squamous cell carcinoma. In this review, we converse about the various targeted therapeutic drugs and their advancement in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. This review scrutinizes the existing documentation in the literature related to the targeted therapies for oral squamous cell carcinoma. English language articles were searched in various databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The keywords used for searching are “oral squamous cell carcinoma,” “targeted therapy,” and “therapeutic drugs.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Oral Microbiology, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vedant Patel
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Tian C, Liu Y, Xue L, Zhang D, Zhang X, Su J, Chen J, Li X, Wang L, Jiao S. Sorafenib inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and mobility and induces radiosensitivity by targeting the tumor cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:616-625. [PMID: 35800071 PMCID: PMC9202537 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sorafenib, a pan-protein kinase inhibitor, inhibits the activity of various kinases (like vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma) and clinically has been used to treat different human cancers. This study investigated its antitumor activity in ovarian cancer and the underlying molecular events. To achieve that, ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells were treated with or without sorafenib (10 µM), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 (10 ng/mL), sorafenib (10 µM) + TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL), and TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) + Ly2157299 (5 µM), followed by 8-Gy radiation. The cells were then subjected to cell viability, wound healing, Transwell, caspase-3 activity, and western blot assays. TGF-β1 treatment enhanced ovarian cancer cell epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), whereas sorafenib and a selective TGF-β1 inhibitor Ly2157299 reversed tumor cell EMT, invasion, and expression of EMT markers (E-cadherin and vimentin). Sorafenib and Ly2157299 treatment also significantly reduced the tumor cell viability. Furthermore, both sorafenib and Ly2157299 significantly enhanced ovarian cancer cell radiosensitivity, as assessed by a caspase-3 activity assay. In conclusion, sorafenib inhibited ovarian cancer cell proliferation and mobility and induced tumor cell radiosensitivity. Molecularly, sorafenib could inhibit the TGF-β1-mediated EMT. Future studies will assess sorafenib anti-ovarian cancer activity plus TGF-β1 inhibitors in ovarian cancer in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuntao Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Lingfei Xue
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Xiaotong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Jing Su
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Jiaohong Chen
- Department of Oncology, The Sanmenxia Central Hospital , Henan 472000 , China
| | - Xiangke Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Liuxing Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Oncology, The General Hospital of Chinese PLA , Beijing 100853 , China
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6
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Goel B, Tiwari AK, Pandey RK, Singh AP, Kumar S, Sinha A, Jain SK, Khattri A. Therapeutic approaches for the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma-An update on clinical trials. Transl Oncol 2022; 21:101426. [PMID: 35460943 PMCID: PMC9046875 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common non-skin cancer with a tobacco consumption and infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) being major risk factors. Despite advances in numerous therapy modalities, survival rates for HNSCC have not improved considerably; a vast number of clinical outcomes have demonstrated that a combination strategy (the most well-known docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil) is the most effective treatment choice. Immunotherapy that targets immunological checkpoints is being tested in a number of clinical trials, either alone or in conjunction with chemotherapeutic or targeted therapeutic drugs. Various monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab and bevacizumab, which target the EGFR and VEGFR, respectively, as well as other signaling pathway inhibitors, such as temsirolimus and rapamycin, are also being studied for the treatment of HNSCC. We have reviewed the primary targets in active clinical studies in this study, with a particular focus on the medications and drug targets used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Goel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anoop Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Pandey
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, United States
| | - Akhand Pratap Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sujeet Kumar
- Centre for Proteomics and Drug Discovery, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai - 410206, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhishek Sinha
- Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences, Lucknow - 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shreyans K Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arun Khattri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Koustas E, Sarantis P, Theodorakidou M, Karamouzis MV, Theocharis S. Autophagy and salivary gland cancer: A putative target for salivary gland tumors. Tumour Biol 2020; 42:1010428320980568. [PMID: 33319639 DOI: 10.1177/1010428320980568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas are a group of heterogeneous tumors of different histological subtypes, presenting relatively low incidence but the entire variable of types. Although novel treatment options for salivary gland carcinomas patients' outcomes have improved, the treatment of this type of cancer is still not standardized. In addition, a significant number of patients, with a lack of optimal treatment strategies, have reduced survival. In the last two decades, a plethora of evidence pointed to the importance of autophagy, an essential catabolic process of cytoplasmatic component digestion, in cancer. In vitro and in vivo studies highlight the importance of autophagy in salivary gland carcinomas development as a tumor suppressor or promoter mechanism. Despite the potential of autophagy in salivary gland carcinomas development, no therapies are currently available that specifically focus on autophagy modulation in salivary gland carcinomas. In this review, we summarize current knowledge and clinical trials in regard to the interplay between autophagy and the development of salivary gland carcinomas. Autophagy manipulation may be a putative therapeutic strategy for salivary gland carcinomas patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Koustas
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Sarantis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Margarita Theodorakidou
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michalis V Karamouzis
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,First Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatios Theocharis
- First Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research "N.S.Christeas," Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Battaglia AM, Chirillo R, Aversa I, Sacco A, Costanzo F, Biamonte F. Ferroptosis and Cancer: Mitochondria Meet the "Iron Maiden" Cell Death. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061505. [PMID: 32575749 PMCID: PMC7349567 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new type of oxidative regulated cell death (RCD) driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. As major sites of iron utilization and master regulators of oxidative metabolism, mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, thus, play a role in this type of RCD. Ferroptosis is, indeed, associated with severe damage in mitochondrial morphology, bioenergetics, and metabolism. Furthermore, dysregulation of mitochondrial metabolism is considered a biochemical feature of neurodegenerative diseases linked to ferroptosis. Whether mitochondrial dysfunction can, per se, initiate ferroptosis and whether mitochondrial function in ferroptosis is context-dependent are still under debate. Cancer cells accumulate high levels of iron and ROS to promote their metabolic activity and growth. Of note, cancer cell metabolic rewiring is often associated with acquired sensitivity to ferroptosis. This strongly suggests that ferroptosis may act as an adaptive response to metabolic imbalance and, thus, may constitute a new promising way to eradicate malignant cells. Here, we review the current literature on the role of mitochondria in ferroptosis, and we discuss opportunities to potentially use mitochondria-mediated ferroptosis as a new strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martina Battaglia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Roberta Chirillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Ilenia Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Alessandro Sacco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesco Costanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Center of Interdepartmental Services (CIS), “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Flavia Biamonte
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (A.M.B.); (R.C.); (I.A.); (A.S.); (F.C.)
- Research Centre of Biochemistry and advanced Molecular Biology, “Magna Graecia” University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0961-369-4105
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Akhmetova VR, Akhmadiev NS, Abdullin MF, Dzhemileva LU, D'yakonov VA. Synthesis of new N,N′-Pd(Pt) complexes based on sulfanyl pyrazoles, and investigation of their in vitro anticancer activity. RSC Adv 2020; 10:15116-15123. [PMID: 35495460 PMCID: PMC9052211 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09783j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of new N,N′-mononuclear bi-ligand Pd(ii) and tri-ligand Pt(ii)complexes bearing sulfanyl(phenyl, benzyl, cyclohexyl, 4-hydroxyphenyl)3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole ligands has been carried out. The obtained compounds were studied for apoptosis-inducing activity and effect on the cell cycle for Jurkat, K562, and U937 neoplastic cell cultures and conditionally normal human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells. The cells showed the highest sensitivity to platinum and palladium complexes in comparison with ligands and cisplatin. The cytotoxic properties are enhanced for compounds with cyclohexyl substituents at the S-atom in sulfanyl pyrazoles and complexes. Efficient cytostatics against Jurkat, K562 and U937 neoplastic cell lines were found among the synthesized new Pd(ii) and Pt(ii)complexes (six examples) with sulfanyl-1H-pyrazole ligands using in vitro assay.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Vnira R. Akhmetova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450075 Ufa
- Russian Federation
| | - Nail S. Akhmadiev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450075 Ufa
- Russian Federation
| | - Marat F. Abdullin
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450054 Ufa
- Russian Federation
| | - Lilya U. Dzhemileva
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450075 Ufa
- Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A. D'yakonov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- 450075 Ufa
- Russian Federation
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10
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Wang L, Yang Q, Peng S, Liu X. The combination of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-DG and sorafenib can be effective against sorafenib-tolerant persister cancer cells. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:5359-5373. [PMID: 31371980 PMCID: PMC6635829 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s212465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemotherapy remains a major clinical option for the successful treatment of cancer by eliminating fast-growing populations of cancer cells. However, drug resistance causes the failure of antitumor treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that a small subpopulation of cancer cells will enter a “persister state” under drug pressure. The persister cell pool constitutes a reservoir from which drug resistance may emerge. Therefore, targeting persister cells presents a therapeutic opportunity to prevent drug resistance and impede tumor relapse. Materials and methods RT-qPCR, Western blot, Seahorse, apoptosis assay, clonogenic assay, and xenografted mouse model were used for this study. Results We showed that a similar therapy-resistant cell state underlies the behavior of persister cells derived from sorafenib treatments with reversible, nonmutational mechanisms. Then, we demonstrated that persister cells showed upregulated glycolysis, as evidenced by higher ECAR, as well as increased glucose consumption and lactate production. A database analysis showed that sorafenib-tolerant persister cells exhibited the increased expression of the glycolytic enzyme hexokinase 2, which is closely related to the poor prognosis in liver cancer. We found that the combined treatment with the glycolytic inhibitor 2-DG and sorafenib increased persister cell apoptosis and inhibited colony formation. Consequently, we demonstrated that when persister cells were exposed to a low concentration of sorafenib, they suffered mitochondrial dysfunction but showed compensatory increases in glycolysis, which contributes to cell growth and proliferation. Finally, we showed that the combination of 2-DG and sorafenib reduced persister tumor growth in mice. Conclusions These findings suggest that such a combination can effectively hamper persister cell growth and may represent a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent persister cell resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Luoyang No.1 Hospital of TCM, Luoyang 471000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyong Peng
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China.,The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, People's Republic of China
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11
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Zidan DW, Hassan WS, ElMasry MS, Shalaby AA. Novel spectrophotometric and factor-based multivariate calibration-prediction techniques for determination of two inhibitors of hepatitis C-virus and hepatocellular carcinoma in pure, human urine, and human plasma. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 213:288-300. [PMID: 30708286 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Novel univariate and multivariate factor-based calibration-prediction techniques were validated for simultaneous ultraviolet spectrophotometric determination of ribavirin (RIV), daclatasvir (DAV), sofosbuvir (SOV), and sorafenib (SON) which are co-administered for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that results from Hepatitis C-virus (HCV) infection in their commercial products and in biological fluids. Determination of these compounds is essential owing to their pharmacotherapeutic benefits. Due to spectral overlapping of RIV, DAV, SOV, and SON, univariate extended derivative ratio (EDR) method and multivariate partial least-squares (PLS) and principal component regression (PCR) methods were used for constructing the calibration curves. The extended derivative ratio (EDR) absorption maxima at 215 nm and minima at 310.5 nm was used for determination of RIV and DAV, respectively and absorption maxima at 240.3 nm and minima at 284.5 nm for determination of SOV and SON, respectively. The linearity was established over the range of 6-42 μg mL-1, 4-16 μg mL-1, 10-70 μg mL-1, and 3-9 μg mL-1 for RIV, DAV, SOV and SON with correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.9997, 0.9997, 0.9999 and 0.9997, respectively. This method was effectively applied to pure, pharmaceutical preparations and to spiked human urine and plasma. PLS and PCR models were established for the determination of the studied drugs in the range of 6-42, 4-16, 10-70 and 3-9 μg mL-1 for RIV, DAV, SOV, and SON, respectively. Furthermore, updating the PLS model (PLS model update) were allowed for the determination of these drugs in spiked human urine, plasma and drug-dissolution test of their tablets. The obtained results were compared to official and reported method showing that there were no significant differences. The results of applying PLS and PCR models for evaluation of RIV, DAV, SOV, and SON in human urine samples as real samples were also encouraging. It is expected that the suitable features of the proposed method make it helpful for biological and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wafaa S Hassan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Manal S ElMasry
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Abdalla A Shalaby
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Egypt
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12
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Liang YY, Deng XB, Zeng LS, Lin XT, Shao XF, Wang B, Mo ZW, Yuan YW. RASSF6-mediated inhibition of Mcl-1 through JNK activation improves the anti-tumor effects of sorafenib in renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2018; 432:75-83. [PMID: 29864454 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.05.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ras association domain family member 6 (RASSF6) has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor and predictor of poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, little is known about the effects of RASSF6 on sorafenib resistance or the underlying mechanism. Here, we show that RASSF6 expression positively correlates with sorafenib sensitivity in RCC cells and human samples. Stable ectopic overexpression of RASSF6 in RCC cell lines reduces resistance to sorafenib in vitro and in vivo. At a molecular level, RASSF6 activates the JNK signaling pathway, which further contributes to Mcl-1 inhibition. Suppression of the JNK pathway can partially restore Mcl-1 expression and sorafenib resistance. Together, these findings suggest that RASSF6 inhibits sorafenib resistance by repressing Mcl-1 through the JNK-dependent pathway. RASSF6 may serve as a novel regulator for sorafenib therapy in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Liang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xu-Bin Deng
- Department of Internal Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Li-Si Zeng
- Department of Abdominal Surgery (Section 2), Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xian-Tao Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xun-Fan Shao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhi-Wen Mo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Ya-Wei Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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13
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Kozakiewicz P, Grzybowska-Szatkowska L. Application of molecular targeted therapies in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7497-7505. [PMID: 29725456 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the development of standard therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, survival rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have not changed significantly over the past three decades. Complete recovery is achieved in <50% of patients. The treatment of advanced HNSCC frequently requires multimodality therapy and involves significant toxicity. The promising, novel treatment option for patients with HNSCC is molecular-targeted therapies. The best known targeted therapies include: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (cetuximab, panitumumab, zalutumumab and nimotuzumab), EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (gefitinib, erlotinib, lapatinib, afatinib and dacomitinib), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor (bevacizumab) or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors (sorafenib, sunitinib and vandetanib) and inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine/threonine-specific protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin. There are also various inhibitors of other pathways and targets, which are promising and require evaluation in further studies.
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Abstract
Conventional treatments for acute leukemia include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and intensive combined treatments (including bone marrow transplant or stem cell transplants). Novel treatment approaches are in active development. Recently, protein kinase inhibitors are on clinical trials and offer hope as new drugs for acute leukemia treatment. This review will provide a brief summary of the protein kinase inhibitors in clinical applications for acute leukemia treatment.
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15
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Galun D, Srdic-Rajic T, Bogdanovic A, Loncar Z, Zuvela M. Targeted therapy and personalized medicine in hepatocellular carcinoma: drug resistance, mechanisms, and treatment strategies. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2017; 4:93-103. [PMID: 28744453 PMCID: PMC5513853 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s106529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a growing number of new cases diagnosed each year that is nearly equal to the number of deaths from this cancer. In a majority of the cases, HCC is associated with the underlying chronic liver disease, and it is diagnosed in advanced stage of disease when curative treatment options are not applicable. Sorafenib is a treatment of choice for patients with performance status 1 or 2 and/or macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic spread, and regorafenib is the only systemic treatment found to provide survival benefit in HCC patients progressing on sorafenib treatment. Other drugs tested in different trials failed to demonstrate any benefit. Disappointing results of numerous trials testing the efficacy of various drugs indicate that HCC has low sensitivity to chemotherapy that is in great part caused by multidrug resistance. Immunotherapy for HCC is a new challenging treatment option and involves immune checkpoint inhibitors/antibody-based therapy and peptide-based vaccines. Another challenging approach is microRNA-based therapy that involves two strategies. The first aims to inhibit oncogenic miRNAs by using miRNA antagonists and the second strategy is miRNA replacement, which involves the reintroduction of a tumor-suppressor miRNA mimetic to restore a loss of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijel Galun
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
| | - Tatjana Srdic-Rajic
- Institute for Oncology and Radiology of Serbia/Unit for Experimental Oncology
| | - Aleksandar Bogdanovic
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
| | - Zlatibor Loncar
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
- Emergency Center, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marinko Zuvela
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit, University Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
- Medical School, University of Belgrade
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16
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Hanafy AS. Efficacy of low dose capecitabine and sorafenib in patients with advanced alfa-fetoprotein secreting hepatocellular carcinoma: a 1 year experience. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1675. [PMID: 27733977 PMCID: PMC5040661 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is no global consensus for the optimal management of HCC. Most of patients at the time of diagnosis are not candidate for potentially curative therapy. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of low dose capecitabine combined with sorafenib in subset of Egyptian HCV patients presented with advanced HCC unfit for surgical or locoregional therapies. METHODS 15 patients with advanced HCC, unfit for surgical or locoregional intervention, with PS <2 recieved Capecitabine 500 mg/day with sorafeneb 200 mg twice daily till normalization of AFP then the treatment was modified to capecitabine 250 mg every other day and sorafenib 400 mg once daily. They were followed every 3 months for size, number of focal masses and AFP. 30 patients were selected as a control group, they received supportive therapy (n = 15) or sorafenib only (n = 15). RESULTS After 10 months of therapy, 6 patients showed complete response (40 %) with complete recanalization of portal vein (n = 2) and treatment was stopped and the others (n = 4) showed partial portal vein recanalization so, treatment is continued till now. 1 patient (6.7 %) showed recurrence of the disease and died after 1 month, 8 patients showed partial response (53.3 %) and still on treatment. The control groups showed a highly significant reduction in survival when compared to patients who received capecitabine and sorafenib (12.9 ± 2.1, 7.9 ± 0.9, 4.5 ± 1.3 months, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS Combined low dose capecitabine and sorafenib proved to be safe with low toxicity profile and deserves further attention as a convenient, outpatient-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr Shaaban Hanafy
- Hepatogastroenterology Division, Internal Medicine Department, Zagazig University, 40-Mostafa Fouad St, Sharkia, Zagazig, 44519 Egypt
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Grasso S, Pereira GJS, Palmeira-Dos-Santos C, Calgarotto AK, Martínez-Lacaci I, Ferragut JA, Smaili SS, Bincoletto C. Autophagy regulates Selumetinib (AZD6244) induced-apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:611-618. [PMID: 27448918 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As Selumetinib is a MEK1/2 inhibitor that has gained interest as an anti-tumor agent, the present study was designed to investigate autophagy involvement on Selumetinib-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. METHODS CRC cells death and cycle studies were assessed by AnnexinV-FITC and PI staining, respectively. Autophagy flux was analysed by Western Blot (LC3II and p62 protein levels) and retroviral infection of SW480 cells for siBecn1 RNA interference experiments. Confocal microscopy was used to determine mCherry-EGFP-LC3 distribution. KEY FINDINGS The Selumetinib effects were concentration-dependent in SW480 cell line. Whereas 1 μM exerted an arrest in the cell cycle (G1 phase), higher concentrations (10 μM) induced cell death, which was accompanied by autophagy blockage in its last stages. Autophagy induction by Rapamycin (RAPA) increased cell survival, whereas pharmacology autophagy inhibition by Bafilomycin A1 (BAF), Chloroquine (CQ) or 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) increased Selumetinib-induced CRC cells death. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results suggest that autophagy plays a fundamental role in CRC cells response to Selumetinib. In addition, the combination of Selumetinib with autophagy inhibitors may be a useful therapeutic strategy to enhance its activity against colorectal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvina Grasso
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo J S Pereira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Palmeira-Dos-Santos
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrana K Calgarotto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabel Martínez-Lacaci
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Unidad AECC de Investigación Traslacional en Cáncer, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Ferragut
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Galun D, Basaric D, Zuvela M, Bulajic P, Bogdanovic A, Bidzic N, Milicevic M. Hepatocellular carcinoma: From clinical practice to evidence-based treatment protocols. World J Hepatol 2015; 7:2274-91. [PMID: 26380652 PMCID: PMC4568488 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v7.i20.2274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the major malignant diseases in many healthcare systems. The growing number of new cases diagnosed each year is nearly equal to the number of deaths from this cancer. Worldwide, HCC is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths, as it is the fifth most common cancer and the third most important cause of cancer related death in men. Among various risk factors the two are prevailing: viral hepatitis, namely chronic hepatitis C virus is a well-established risk factor contributing to the rising incidence of HCC. The epidemic of obesity and the metabolic syndrome, not only in the United States but also in Asia, tend to become the leading cause of the long-term rise in the HCC incidence. Today, the diagnosis of HCC is established within the national surveillance programs in developed countries while the diagnosis of symptomatic, advanced stage disease still remains the characteristic of underdeveloped countries. Although many different staging systems have been developed and evaluated the Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer staging system has emerged as the most useful to guide HCC treatment. Treatment allocation should be decided by a multidisciplinary board involving hepatologists, pathologists, radiologists, liver surgeons and oncologists guided by personalized -based medicine. This approach is important not only to balance between different oncologic treatments strategies but also due to the complexity of the disease (chronic liver disease and the cancer) and due to the large number of potentially efficient therapies. Careful patient selection and a tailored treatment modality for every patient, either potentially curative (surgical treatment and tumor ablation) or palliative (transarterial therapy, radioembolization and medical treatment, i.e., sorafenib) is mandatory to achieve the best treatment outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danijel Galun
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragan Basaric
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marinko Zuvela
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Bulajic
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Bogdanovic
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nemanja Bidzic
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Milicevic
- Danijel Galun, Dragan Basaric, Marinko Zuvela, Predrag Bulajic, Aleksandar Bogdanovic, Nemanja Bidzic, Miroslav Milicevic, Clinic of Digestive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Determination of the Anticancer Drug Sorafenib in Serum by Adsorptive Stripping Differential Pulse Voltammetry Using a Chitosan/Multiwall Carbon Nanotube Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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20
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Ong Q, Guo S, Zhang K, Cui B. U0126 protects cells against oxidative stress independent of its function as a MEK inhibitor. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:130-7. [PMID: 25544156 PMCID: PMC4304487 DOI: 10.1021/cn500288n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
U0126 is a potent
and selective inhibitor of MEK1 and MEK2 kinases.
It has been widely used as an inhibitor for the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK signaling
pathway with over 5000 references on the NCBI PubMed database. In
particular, U0126 has been used in a number of studies to show that
inhibition of the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway protects neuronal cells against
oxidative stress. Here, we report that U0126 can function as an antioxidant
that protects PC12 cells against a number of different oxidative-stress
inducers. This protective effect of U0126 is independent of its function
as a MEK inhibitor, as several other MEK inhibitors failed to show
similar protective effects. U0126 reduces reactive oxygen species
(ROS) in cells. We further demonstrate that U0126 is a direct ROS
scavenger in vitro, and the oxidation products of U0126 exhibit fluorescence.
Our finding that U0126 is a strong antioxidant signals caution for
its future usage as a MEK inhibitor and for interpreting some previous
results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunxiang Ong
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 380 Roth Way, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Shunling Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 380 Roth Way, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 380 Roth Way, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 600 South Mathews, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Bianxiao Cui
- Department
of Chemistry, Stanford University, 380 Roth Way, Palo Alto, California 94305, United States
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