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Sapra L, Saini C, Garg B, Gupta R, Verma B, Mishra PK, Srivastava RK. Long-term implications of COVID-19 on bone health: pathophysiology and therapeutics. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1025-1040. [PMID: 35900380 PMCID: PMC9330992 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 is a highly infectious respiratory virus associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Discoveries in the field revealed that inflammatory conditions exert a negative impact on bone metabolism; however, only limited studies reported the consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection on skeletal homeostasis. Inflammatory immune cells (T helper-Th17 cells and macrophages) and their signature cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are the major contributors to the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 disease. Our group along with others has proven that an enhanced population of both inflammatory innate (Dendritic cells-DCs, macrophages, etc.) and adaptive (Th1, Th17, etc.) immune cells, along with their signature cytokines (IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, etc.), are associated with various inflammatory bone loss conditions. Moreover, several pieces of evidence suggest that SARS-CoV-2 infects various organs of the body via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors including bone cells (osteoblasts-OBs and osteoclasts-OCs). This evidence thus clearly highlights both the direct and indirect impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the physiological bone remodeling process. Moreover, data from the previous SARS-CoV outbreak in 2002-2004 revealed the long-term negative impact (decreased bone mineral density-BMDs) of these infections on bone health. METHODOLOGY We used the keywords "immunopathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2," "SARS-CoV-2 and bone cells," "factors influencing bone health and COVID-19," "GUT microbiota," and "COVID-19 and Bone health" to integrate the topics for making this review article by searching the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. CONCLUSION Current evidence and reports indicate the direct relation between SARS-CoV-2 infection and bone health and thus warrant future research in this field. It would be imperative to assess the post-COVID-19 fracture risk of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals by simultaneously monitoring them for bone metabolism/biochemical markers. Importantly, several emerging research suggest that dysbiosis of the gut microbiota-GM (established role in inflammatory bone loss conditions) is further involved in the severity of COVID-19 disease. In the present review, we thus also highlight the importance of dietary interventions including probiotics (modulating dysbiotic GM) as an adjunct therapeutic alternative in the treatment and management of long-term consequences of COVID-19 on bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sapra
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology and Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Chaman Saini
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology and Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bhavuk Garg
- Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ranjan Gupta
- Department of Rheumatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Bhupendra Verma
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology and Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India
| | | | - Rupesh K Srivastava
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology and Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, 110029, India.
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Captopril alleviates glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head by mediating the ACE2/ Ang-(1-7)/Mas receptor cascade. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 921:174871. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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3
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Zhao Z, Wang C, Xu Y, Wang X, Jia B, Yu T, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Effects of the Local Bone Renin-Angiotensin System on Titanium-Particle-Induced Periprosthetic Osteolysis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:684375. [PMID: 34248634 PMCID: PMC8264785 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.684375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wear particles may induce osteoclast formation and osteoblast inhibition that lead to periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL) and subsequent aseptic loosening, which is the primary reason for total joint arthroplasty failure. Local bone renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been found to participate in the pathogenic process of various bone-related diseases via promoting bone resorption and inhibiting bone formation. However, it remains unclear whether and how local bone RAS participates in wear-particle-induced PPOL. In this study, we investigated the potential role of RAS in titanium (Ti) particle-induced osteolysis in vivo and osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation in vitro. We found that the expressions of AT1R, AT2R and ACE in the interface membrane from patients with PPOL and in calvarial tissues from a murine model of Ti-particle-induced osteolysis were up-regulated, but the increase of ACE in the calvarial tissues was abrogated by perindopril. Moreover, perindopril mitigated the Ti-particle-induced osteolysis in the murine model by suppressing bone resorption and increasing bone formation. We also observed in RAW264.7 macrophages that Ang II promoted but perindopril suppressed Ti-particle-induced osteoclastogenesis, osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and expression of osteoclast-related genes. Meanwhile, Ang II enhanced but perindopril repressed Ti-particle-induced suppression of osteogenic differentiation and expression of osteoblast-specific genes in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). In addition, local bone RAS promoted Ti-particle-induced osteolysis by increasing bone resorption and decreasing bone formation through modulating the RANKL/RANK and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. Taken together, we suggest that inhibition of RAS may be a potential approach to the treatment of wear-particle-induced PPOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Changyao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingxing Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Jia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Medical Department of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Wang K, Zhao Z, Wang X, Zhang Y. BRD4 induces osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101555. [PMID: 33957539 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Bromodomain 4 (BRD4), an important epigenetic regulator, is involved in many bone-related pathologies via promoting osteoclast formation. However, whether and how it participates in the process of osteoblast formation remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential role of BRD4 in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Our experiments revealed that an inhibitor of BRD4, JQ1, attenuated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The recombinant adenoviruses for AdBRD4 and AdsiBRD4 could infect BMSCs with high efficiency. Exogenous BRD4 expression potentiated differentiation, and silencing endogenous BRD4 expression decreased it. In addition, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is known to be important for osteogenic differentiation. Our results showed that AdBRD4 increased the expressions of Wnt3a and β-catenin while AdsiBRD4 decreased the expressions. What's more, the recombinant adenovirus for Adsiβ-catenin, which obviously decreased in β-catenin expression, inhibited BRD4-induced osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion: Our data indicates that the epigenetic reader BRD4 participates in the process of BMSC osteogenic differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. This finding may pave the way into further understanding the mechanism of BMSC osteogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Arthritis Clinic and Research Centre, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
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Brito VGB, Patrocinio MS, de Sousa MCL, Barreto AEA, Frasnelli SCT, Lara VS, Santos CF, Oliveira SHP. Telmisartan Prevents Alveolar Bone Loss by Decreasing the Expression of Osteoclasts Markers in Hypertensive Rats With Periodontal Disease. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:579926. [PMID: 33364953 PMCID: PMC7751694 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.579926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent inflammatory disease with the most severe consequence being the loss of the alveolar bone and teeth. We therefore aimed to evaluate the effects of telmisartan (TELM), an angiotensin II type 1 receptor (Agtr1) antagonist, on the PD-induced alveolar bone loss, in Wistar (W) and Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats (SHRs). PD was induced by ligating the lower first molars with silk, and 10 mg/kg TELM was concomitantly administered for 15 days. The hemimandibles were subjected to microtomography, ELISA was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), CXCL3, and CCL2, while qRT-PCR was used for analyzing expression of components of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) (Agt, Ace, Agt1r, Agt2r, Ace2, and Masr), and bone markers (Runx2, Osx, Catnb, Alp, Col1a1, Opn, Ocn, Bsp, Bmp2, Trap, Rank, Rankl, CtsK, Mmp-2, Mmp-9, and osteoclast-associated receptor (Oscar)). The SHR + PD group showed greater alveolar bone loss than the W + PD group, what was significantly inhibited by treatment with TELM, especially in the SHR group. Additionally, TELM reduced the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and CXCL3 in the SHR group. The expression of Agt increased in the groups with PD, while Agtr2 reduced, and TELM reduced the expression of Agtr1 and increased the expression of Agtr2, in W and SHRs. PD did not induce major changes in the expression of bone formation markers, except for the expression of Alp, which decreased in the PD groups. The bone resorption markers expression, Mmp9, Ctsk, and Vtn, was higher in the SHR + PD group, compared to the respective control and W + PD group. However, TELM attenuated these changes and increased the expression of Runx2 and Alp. Our study suggested that TELM has a protective effect on the progression of PD, especially in hypertensive animals, as evaluated by the resorption of the lower alveolar bone. This can be partly explained by the modulation in the expression of Angiotensin II receptors (AT1R and AT2R), reduced production of inflammatory mediators, the reduced expression of resorption markers, and the increased expression of the bone formation markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Gustavo Balera Brito
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Mariana Sousa Patrocinio
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Maria Carolina Linjardi de Sousa
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Ayná Emanuelli Alves Barreto
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Cruz Tfaile Frasnelli
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Soares Lara
- Department of Stomatology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ferreira Santos
- Department of Biological Science, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Sandra Helena Penha Oliveira
- Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil.,Multicenter Postgraduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Brazilian Society of Physiology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
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Fang SH, Li YF, Jiang JR, Chen P. Relationship of α2-Macroglobulin with Steroid-Induced Femoral Head Necrosis: A Chinese Population-Based Association Study in Southeast China. Orthop Surg 2020; 11:481-486. [PMID: 31243924 PMCID: PMC6595108 DOI: 10.1111/os.12492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The present study aimed to identify the relationship of α‐2‐macroglobulin and microvascular vessel pathology with steroid‐induced femoral head necrosis in the Southeast Chinese population. Methods This study enrolled 40 patients diagnosed with steroid‐induced necrosis of the femoral head. Patients had various stages of femoral head necrosis. The differential expression of serum proteins and mRNA from patients with steroid‐induced necrosis of the femoral head (SINFH) and healthy volunteers was analyzed by western blot and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QT‐PCR). The pathological change in osteocyte necrosis was indicated by hematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry. Results Hematoxylin and eosin stain showed histopathology changes in the necrotic area of patients with steroid‐induced INFH: bone trabeculae were fewer and thinner, became broken, fragmented and structurally disordered; intraosseous adipose cells became enlarged; the arrangement of the osteoblasts became irregular; and vacant bone lacunae increased. QT‐PCR showed significantly lower levels of α‐2‐macroglobulin in the serum of patients with SINFH than in controls (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining and western blotting demonstrated that the expression of α‐2‐macroglobulin was significantly decreased in the necrotic area of SINFH patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion The α‐2‐macroglobulin may be associated with the pathology of SINFH. The multiple pathological reactions occur in SINFH and α‐2‐macroglobulin may serve as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of SINFH or a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Hong Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, China
| | | | - Jia-Run Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Hospital of Changle District, Fuzhou City, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou City, China
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7
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Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Wang C, Wang Z, Ren Y, Wang Y, Liu J. Association Between the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene Insertion/Deletion Polymorphism and Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:778-782. [PMID: 31633405 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2019.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH). Materials and Methods: The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was determined in 279 nontraumatic, ANFH Han Chinese patients (divided into idiopathic and steroid- and alcohol-induced subgroups) and 276 age- and gender-matched healthy controls using the polymerase chain reaction. Results: The frequencies of the ACE DD genotype and D allele were significantly higher among the ANFH patients as a whole and also in the idiopathic and steroid- and alcohol-induced ANFH subgroups compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05 for all). Additionally, the DD genotype, compared with the ID+II, ID, and II genotypes, conferred a higher risk of developing ANFH across all clinical subgroups (p < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 2.508; p < 0.001, OR = 2.072; p < 0.001, OR = 3.684, respectively) as well in each of the subgroups examined individually, including the idiopathic subgroup (p < 0.001, OR = 2.579; p < 0.001, OR = 2.091; p < 0.001, OR = 3.994, respectively), the steroid-induced subgroup (p = 0.005, OR = 2.345; p = 0.031, OR = 2.050; p = 0.007, OR = 3.000, respectively), and the alcohol-induced subgroup (p < 0.001, OR = 2.488; p = 0.012, OR = 2.050; p = 0.011, OR = 2.659, respectively) of ANFH patients. The ID genotype, compared with the II genotype, conferred a higher risk across all subtypes analyzed together, and in the idiopathic subgroup (p = 0.013, OR = 1.778; p = 0.028, OR = 1.910) analyzed separately. Additionally, the D allele, in comparison with the I allele, conferred a relatively higher risk across all subgroups (p < 0.001, OR = 2.101) as well as in each of the three subgroups examined individually (idiopathic: p < 0.001, OR = 2.178; steroid-induced: p = 0.003, OR = 1.910; and alcohol-induced: p < 0.001, OR = 2.094). Conclusion: The ACE DD and ID genotypes and D allele may be risk factors for susceptibility to ANFH in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Changyao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Ze Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qingdao Haici Medical Group, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzhong Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Yingzhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jinzhao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, P.R. China
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Zhao J, Yang H, Chen B, Zhang R. The skeletal renin-angiotensin system: A potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteoarticular diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 72:258-263. [PMID: 31003003 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The classical renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is known to be a key regulator of blood pressure as well as fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. Additionally, it is now evident that components of the RAS are produced and act locally in many tissues, including liver, kidney, heart, lung, eye, bone, reproductive organ, adipose, and adrenal tissue, and these components are collectively known as tissue RAS. Recently, several studies have shown that local bone RAS is directly involved in bone metabolism, and activation of skeletal RAS plays an important role in bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and deterioration as well as in fracture healing. Based on the identification of RAS components in bone, we examined a new therapeutic approach to attenuate bone diseases through RAS inhibitors: renin inhibitor, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor blockers. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of the skeletal RAS in the pathophysiology of bone diseases and the beneficial effect of RAS inhibitors on bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Zhao
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Translational Medicine Center, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China
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Chen XF, Li XL, Liu JX, Xu J, Zhao YY, Yang M, Zhang Y. Inhibition on angiotensin-converting enzyme exerts beneficial effects on trabecular bone in orchidectomized mice. Pharmacol Rep 2018; 70:705-711. [PMID: 29933208 PMCID: PMC7102314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to study the osteo-preservative effects of captopril, an inhibitor on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), on bone mass, micro-architecture and histomorphology as well as the modulation of captopril on skeletal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and regulators for bone metabolism in mice with bilateral orchidectomy. METHODS The orchidectomized (ORX) mice were orally administered with vehicle or captopril at low dose (10mg/kg) and high dose (50mg/kg) for six weeks. The distal femoral end, the proximal tibial head and the lumbar vertebra (LV) were stained by hematoxylin and eosin, Safranin O/Fast Green and masson-trichrome. Micro-computed tomography was performed to measure bone mineral density (BMD). RESULTS Treatment with captopril increased trabecular bone area at distal metaphysis of femur, proximal metaphysis of tibia and LV-4, moreover, high dose of captopril significantly elevated trabecular BMD of LV-2 and LV-5. The mRNA expressions of renin receptor, angiotensinogen, carbonic anhydrase II, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were significantly decreased in tibia of ORX mice following treatment with captopril. The administration with captopril enhanced the ratio of OPG/RANKL mRNA expression, the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-beta and the protein expression of bradykinin receptor-1. CONCLUSIONS The inhibition on ACE by captopril exerts beneficial effects on trabecular bone of ORX mice. The therapeutic efficacy may be attributed to the regulation of captopril on local RAS and cytokines in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiao-Li Li
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Xin Liu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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ACE-2/Ang1-7/Mas cascade mediates ACE inhibitor, captopril, protective effects in estrogen-deficient osteoporotic rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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Abuohashish HM, Ahmed MM, Sabry D, Khattab MM, Al-Rejaie SS. The ACE-2/Ang1-7/Mas cascade enhances bone structure and metabolism following angiotensin-II type 1 receptor blockade. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 807:44-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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Jiang LY, Yu X, Pang QJ. Research in the precaution of recombinant human erythropoietin to steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the rat femoral head. J Int Med Res 2017; 45:1324-1331. [PMID: 28606016 PMCID: PMC5625529 DOI: 10.1177/0300060517707076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To elucidate the effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in rats. Methods Twenty-four adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight rats each. The rats in the positive control group were injected with dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg twice a week for 5 weeks. The rats in the negative control group were injected with sodium chloride alone. The rats in the experimental group were injected with dexamethasone at 1 mg/kg twice a week for 5 weeks and rHuEPO (500 u/d/kg) daily for 5 weeks. The femoral head on one side was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and that on the other side was examined by CD31 staining of the capillaries. Results Hematoxylin and eosin staining in the positive control group showed that the bony trabeculae had become obviously narrow and sparse with discontinuity of the integrity. The integrity of the trabeculae was better in the experimental group than positive control group. The CD31 expression was lower in the positive control group than in the other two groups. Conclusion rHuEPO can effectively prevent osteocyte apoptosis, delaying or decreasing osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qing-jiang Pang
- Qing-jiang Pang, Department of Orthopedics, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315010, China.
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13
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Abuohashish HM, Ahmed MM, Sabry D, Khattab MM, Al-Rejaie SS. Angiotensin (1-7) ameliorates the structural and biochemical alterations of ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in rats via activation of ACE-2/Mas receptor axis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2293. [PMID: 28536469 PMCID: PMC5442122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02570-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The local and systemic renin angiotensin system (RAS) influences the skeletal system micro-structure and metabolism. Studies suggested angiotensin 1-7 (Ang(1-7)) as the beneficial RAS molecule via Mas receptor activation. This study examines the function of Ang(1-7) in bone micro-architecture and metabolism in an ovariectomized (OVX) rodent model of osteoporosis. OVX rats showed structural and bone metabolic degeneration in parallel with suppressed expressions of the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2)/Ang(1-7)/Mas components. The infusion of Ang(1-7) markedly alleviated the altered bone metabolism and significantly enhanced both trabecular (metaphyseal) and cortical (metaphyseal-diaphyseal) morphometry. Urinary and bones minerals were also improved in OVX rats by Ang(1-7). The infusion of the heptapeptide enhanced ACE-2/Mas receptor expressions, while down-regulated AngII, ACE, and AngII type-1 receptor (AT1R) in OVX animals. Moreover, Ang(1-7) markedly improved osteoprotegerin (OPG) and lowered receptor activator NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expressions. The defensive properties of Ang(1-7) on bone metabolism, structure and minerals were considerably eradicated after blockage of Mas receptor with A-779. Ang(1-7)-induced up-regulated ACE-2/Ang(1-7)/Mas cascade and OPG expressions were abolished and the expressions of ACE/AngII/AT1R and RANKL were provoked by A-779. These findings shows for the first time the novel valuable therapeutic role of Ang(1-7) on bone health and metabolism through the ACE-2/Mas cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem M Abuohashish
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. .,Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed M Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Khattab
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Y, Wang L, Song Y, Zhao X, Wong MS, Zhang W. Renin inhibitor aliskiren exerts beneficial effect on trabecular bone by regulating skeletal renin-angiotensin system and kallikrein-kinin system in ovariectomized mice. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:1083-1092. [PMID: 26439241 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
SUMMARY The skeletal renin-angiotensin system contributes to the development of osteoporosis. The renin inhibitor aliskiren exhibited beneficial effects on trabecular bone of osteoporotic mice, and this action might be mediated through angiotensin and bradykinin receptor pathways. This study implies the potential application of renin inhibitor in the management for postmenopausal osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION The skeletal renin-angiotensin system plays key role in the pathological process of osteoporosis. The present study is designed to elucidate the effect of renin inhibitor aliskiren on trabecular bone and its potential action mechanism in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. METHODS The OVX mice were treated with low dose (5 mg/kg) or high dose (25 mg/kg) of aliskiren or its vehicle for 8 weeks. The bone turnover markers were measured by ELISA. The structural parameters of trabecular bone at lumbar vertebra (LV) and distal femoral metaphysis were measured by micro-CT. The expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein was studied by RT-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. RESULTS Aliskiren treatment reduced urinary excretion of calcium and serum level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in OVX mice. The treatment with aliskiren significantly increased bone volume (BV/TV) and connectivity density (Conn.D) of trabecular bone at LV-2 and LV-5 as well as dramatically enhanced BV/TV, Conn.D, bone mineral density (BMD/BV) and decreased bone surface (BS/BV) at the distal femoral end. Aliskiren significantly down-regulated the expression of angiotensinogen, angiotensin II (Ang II), Ang II type 1 receptor, bradykinin receptor (BR)-1, and osteocytic-specific gene sclerostin as well as the osteoclast-specific genes, including carbonic anhydrase II, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and cathepsin K. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that renin inhibitor aliskiren exhibited the beneficial effects on trabecular bone of ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic mice, and the underlying mechanism for this action might be mediated through Ang II and BR signaling pathways in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Qixiu Road 19, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - L Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The 309th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Y Song
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Qixiu Road 19, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - X Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Qixiu Road 19, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - M S Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - W Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Qixiu Road 19, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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15
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Liu JX, Wang L, Zhang Y. Involvement of Renin-Angiotensin System in Damage of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Captopril on Bone of Normal Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 38:869-75. [PMID: 26027826 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b14-00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, on bone metabolism and histology, and the action of captopril on the components of the skeletal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and bradykinin receptor in normal male mice. The mice were orally administered captopril (10 mg/kg) for 4 weeks with vehicle-treated mice as normal control. The histology of trabecular bone at the distal femoral end was determined by hematoxylin & eosin, Safranin O and Masson-Trichrome staining. The captopril-treated mice showed a decreased level of testosterone (p<0.05) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (p<0.05) in serum as compared to those in the control group. Captopril has detrimental effects on trabecular bone as demonstrated by the loss of cancellous bone mass and network connections as well as changes to the chondrocytes zone. The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (p<0.05), renin receptor (p<0.01), angiotensin II (p<0.05) and bradykinin receptor 2 (p<0.05) was significantly up-regulated following the captopril treatment. Thus, the potential underlying mechanism of the damage of captopril on bone can be attributed the increased activity of local bone RAS and the activation of bradykinin receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Xin Liu
- Center for Systems Biomedical Sciences, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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16
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Yang M, Xia C, Song Y, Zhao X, Wong MS, Zhang Y. Impairing effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor Captopril on bone of normal mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 771:40-7. [PMID: 26683638 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There are contradicting results about the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) on bones. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of ACEI, Captopril, on bone metabolism and histology as well as the action of Captopril on skeletal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and bradykinin receptor pathway in normal male mice. The urine, serum, tibias and femurs from normal control mice and Captopril-treated (10mg/kg) mice were collected for biochemical, histological and molecular analyses after drug administration for eight weeks. The mice after the treatment with Captopril had a significant decrease of serum testosterone level. The histological measurements showed the loss of trabecular bone mass and trabecular bone number, and the breakage of trabecular bone network as well as the changes of chondrocyte zone at epiphyseal plate in Captopril-treated mice. The defect of Captopril on trabecular bone was reflected by the quantitative bio-parameters from micro-CT. The expression of renin receptor and bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R) was significantly up-regulated in tibia of mice upon to the Captopril treatment, which decreased the ratio of OPG/RANKL and the expression of osteoblastic factor RUNX2. Furthermore, Captopril treatment resulted in the increase of pAkt/Akt and pNFκB expression in tibia. The present study revealed the impairing effects of Captopril on bone via interfering with the circulating sex hormone level and B2R pathway, which suggests that the bone metabolism of patients need to be carefully monitored when being prescribed for ACEIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Chao Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Man-Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China.
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