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Adiyeke E, Bakan N, Uvez A, Arslan DO, Kilic S, Koc B, Ozer S, Saatci O, Armutak Eİ. The effect of N-acetylcysteine on the neurotoxicity of sevoflurane in developing hippocampus cells. Neurotoxicology 2024; 103:96-104. [PMID: 38843996 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Sevoflurane, a common pediatric anesthetic, has been linked to neurodegeneration, raising safety concerns. This study explored N-acetylcysteine's protective potential against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity in rat hippocampi. Four groups were examined: Control: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas (air and 30 % O2) and intraperitoneal saline. NAC: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas and 150 mg/kg NAC intraperitoneally. Sev: Exposed to 6 hours of 3 l/min gas and 3 % sevoflurane. Sev+NAC: Received 6 hours of 3 l/min gas, 3 % sevoflurane, and 150 mg/kg NAC. Protein levels of NRF-2, NLRP3, IL-1β, caspase-1, Beclin 1, p62, LC3A, and apoptosis markers were assessed. Sevoflurane and NAC alone reduced autophagy, while Sev+NAC group maintained autophagy levels. Sev group had elevated NRF-2, NLRP3, pNRF2, Caspase-1, and IL-1β, which were reduced in Sev+NAC. Apoptosis was higher in Sev, but Sev+NAC showed reduced apoptosis compared to the control. In summary, sevoflurane induced neurotoxicity in developing hippocampus, which was mitigated by N-acetylcysteine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Adiyeke
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Emek Mahallesi Namık Kemal Caddesi No:54 Sancaktepe, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurten Bakan
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Emek Mahallesi Namık Kemal Caddesi No:54 Sancaktepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayca Uvez
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkey
| | - Devrim Oz Arslan
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Biophysics, Turkey
| | - Sima Kilic
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Institude of Nanotechnology and Biotechnology Department of Biotechnology, Turkey
| | - Berkcan Koc
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Biophysics, Turkey
| | - Samed Ozer
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Institute of Health Science Department of Physiology, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Saatci
- Sancaktepe Training and Research Hospital Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Turkey
| | - Elif İlkay Armutak
- Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Histology and Embryology, Turkey
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2
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Akaras N, Gur C, Kucukler S, Kandemir FM. Zingerone reduces sodium arsenite-induced nephrotoxicity by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and histopathological changes. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 374:110410. [PMID: 36822304 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is widely available in the environment and arsenic toxicity is a public health problem of serious concern worldwide. Zingerone is a promising phytochemical with various pharmacological effects. In this study, the potential protective effect of zingerone against sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, SA) induced nephrotoxicity was investigated. Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five different groups as control, zingerone, SA, SA + zingerone 25, SA + zingerone 50. SA was administered alone at a dose of 10 mg/kg for 14 days or given 30 min before zingerone (25 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg) treatment. At the end of the experiment, the kidney tissues was examined biochemically, molecularly and microscopically. SA toxicity was associated with increased malondialdehyde level, whereas glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were decreased. Administration of SA caused inflammation in the kidney tissue by upregulation of NF-κB and IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, MAPK14, MAPK15, JNK. SA administration caused apoptosis in the kidney by upregulating caspase-3 and Bax levels and downregulating Bcl-2, and autophagy by activating beclin-1. Also, SA administration showed a suppressive effect on AKT2 and FOXO1 mRNA transcript levels. All these factors impair kidney function and increase creatinine and urea levels, resulting in pathological changes and a decrease in nephrin. Treatment with zingerone at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg significantly reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in kidney tissue. In addition, it was confirmed by histological evaluation as well as serum urea and creatinine levels that kidney damage due to SA toxicity can be modulated by zingerone administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Cihan Gur
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Sefa Kucukler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Abdulmalek S, Nasef M, Awad D, Balbaa M. Protective Effect of Natural Antioxidant, Curcumin Nanoparticles, and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against Type 2 Diabetes-Promoted Hippocampal Neurotoxicity in Rats. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111937. [PMID: 34834352 PMCID: PMC8621156 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological findings have repeatedly established associations between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer's disease. Targeting different pathways in the brain with T2DM-therapy offers a novel and appealing strategy to treat diabetes-related neuronal alterations. Therefore, here we investigated the capability of a natural compound, curcumin nanoparticle (CurNP), and a biomedical metal, zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnONP), to alleviate hippocampal modifications in T2DM-induced rats. The diabetes model was induced in male Wistar rats by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) for eight weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Then model groups were treated orally with curcumin, zinc sulfate, two doses of CurNP and ZnONP, as well as metformin, for six weeks. HFD/STZ-induced rats exhibited numerous biochemical and molecular changes besides behavioral impairment. Compared with model rats, CurNP and ZnONP boosted learning and memory function, improved redox and inflammation status, lowered Bax, and upregulated Bcl2 expressions in the hippocampus. In addition, the phosphorylation level of the MAPK/ERK pathway was downregulated significantly. The expression of amyloidogenic-related genes and amyloid-beta accumulation, along with tau hyperphosphorylation, were lessened considerably. In addition, both nanoparticles significantly improved histological lesions in the hippocampus. Based on our findings, CurNP and ZnONP appear to be potential neuroprotective agents to mitigate diabetic complications-associated hippocampal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaymaa Abdulmalek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt; (S.A.); (M.N.); (D.A.)
- Center of Excellency for Preclinical Study (CE-PCS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt
| | - Mayada Nasef
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt; (S.A.); (M.N.); (D.A.)
| | - Doaa Awad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt; (S.A.); (M.N.); (D.A.)
| | - Mahmoud Balbaa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt; (S.A.); (M.N.); (D.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +20-39-1179-4320
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The Role of Klotho Protein Against Sevoflurane-Induced Neuronal Injury. Neurochem Res 2021; 47:315-326. [PMID: 34498160 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03444-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The effects of general anesthetics on the developing brain have aroused much attention in recent years. Sevoflurane, a commonly used inhalation anesthetic especially in pediatric anesthesia, can induce developmental neurotoxicity. In this study, the differentially expressed mRNAs in the hippocampus of newborn rats exposed to 3% sevoflurane for 6 h were detected by RNA-Sequencing. Those data indicated that the mRNA of Klotho was increased after exposure to sevoflurane. Moreover, the protein expression of Klotho was assayed by Western Blot. Besides over-expression and under-expression of Klotho protein, we also detected changes of cell proliferation, ROS, JC-1, and Bcl-2/Bax ratio in PC12 cells exposed to sevoflurane. After exposure to 3% sevoflurane, the expression of Klotho protein increased in the hippocampus of neonatal rats. In PC12 cells, exposure to sevoflurane could increase cellular ROS level, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-2/Bax ratio. While overexpression of Klotho alleviated the above changes, knockdown of Klotho aggravated the injury of sevoflurane. Klotho protein could reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury induced by sevoflurane in the neuron.
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Lv L, Cui H, Ma Z, Liu X, Yang L. Recent progresses in the pharmacological activities of caffeic acid phenethyl ester. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 394:1327-1339. [PMID: 33492405 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02054-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past decades have seen a growing interest in natural products. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a flavonoid isolated from honeybee propolis, has shown multiple pharmacological potentials, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and protective effects on nervous systems and multiple organs, since it was found as a potent nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) inhibitor. This review summarizes the advances in these beneficial effects of CAPE, as well as the underlying mechanisms, and proposes that CAPE offers an opportunity for developing therapeutics in multiple diseases. However, clinical trials on CAPE are necessary and encouraged to obtain certain clinically relevant conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Lv
- Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | | | - Zhiming Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Hernia Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Eye Center, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| | - Longfei Yang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
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Wang Q, Luo J, Sun R, Liu J. MicroRNA-1297 suppressed the Akt/GSK3 β signaling pathway and stimulated neural apoptosis in an in vivo sevoflurane exposure model. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060520982104. [PMID: 33843359 PMCID: PMC8044581 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520982104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Common inhalation anesthetics used for clinical anesthesia (such as sevoflurane) may induce nerve cell apoptosis during central nervous system development. Furthermore, anesthetics can produce cognitive impairments, such as learning and memory impairments, that continue into adulthood. However, the precise mechanism remains largely undefined. We aimed to determine the function of microRNA-1297 (miR-1297) in sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays were used to analyze miR-1297 expression in sevoflurane-exposed mice. MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays were used to measure cell growth, and neuronal apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. Western blot analyses were used to measure PTEN, PI3K, Akt, and GSK3β protein expression. Results In sevoflurane-exposed mice, miR-1297 expression was up-regulated compared with the control group. MiR-1297 up-regulation led to neuronal apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and increased LDH activity in the in vitro model of sevoflurane exposure. MiR-1297 up-regulation also suppressed the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway and induced PTEN protein expression in the in vitro model. PTEN inhibition (VO-Ohpic trihydrate) reduced PTEN protein expression and decreased the effects of miR-1297 down-regulation on neuronal apoptosis in the in vitro model. Conclusion Collectively, the results indicated that miR-1297 stimulates sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity via the Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway by regulating PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingcong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan, China
| | - Ruiqiang Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Balaha M, De Filippis B, Cataldi A, di Giacomo V. CAPE and Neuroprotection: A Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020176. [PMID: 33525407 PMCID: PMC7911454 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis, a product of the honey bee, has been used in traditional medicine for many years. A hydrophobic bioactive polyphenolic ester, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), is one of the most extensively investigated active components of propolis. Several studies have indicated that CAPE has a broad spectrum of pharmacological activities as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-fungal, anti-proliferative, and anti-neoplastic properties. This review largely describes CAPE neuroprotective effects in many different conditions and summarizes its molecular mechanisms of action. CAPE was found to have a neuroprotective effect on different neurodegenerative disorders. At the basis of these effects, CAPE has the ability to protect neurons from several underlying causes of various human neurologic diseases, such as oxidative stress, apoptosis dysregulation, and brain inflammation. CAPE can also protect the nervous system from some diseases which negatively affect it, such as diabetes, septic shock, and hepatic encephalopathy, while numerous studies have demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of CAPE against adverse reactions induced by different neurotoxic substances. The potential role of CAPE in protecting the central nervous system (CNS) from secondary injury following various CNS ischemic conditions and CAPE anti-cancer activity in CNS is also reviewed. The structure–activity relationship of CAPE synthetic derivatives is discussed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Balaha
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.B.); (B.D.F.); (V.d.G.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516 Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Barbara De Filippis
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.B.); (B.D.F.); (V.d.G.)
| | - Amelia Cataldi
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.B.); (B.D.F.); (V.d.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0871-355-4467
| | - Viviana di Giacomo
- Department of Pharmacy, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (M.B.); (B.D.F.); (V.d.G.)
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Caffeic acid phenethyl ester counteracts doxorubicin-induced chemobrain in Sprague-Dawley rats: Emphasis on the modulation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Neuropharmacology 2020; 181:108334. [PMID: 33011199 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cognitive dysfunction (chemobrain) is one of the major complaints for cancer patients treated with chemotherapy such as Doxorubicin (DOX). The induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation were identified as major contributors to such adverse effect. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural polyphenolic compound, that exhibits unique context-dependent antioxidant activity. It exhibits pro-oxidant effects in cancer cells, while it is a potent antioxidant and cytoprotective in normal cells. The present study was designed to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of CAPE against DOX-induced cognitive impairment. Chemobrain was induced in Sprague Dawley rats via systemic DOX administration once per week for 4 weeks (2 mg/kg/week, i.p.). CAPE was administered at 10 or 20 μmol/kg/day, i.p., 5 days per week for 4 weeks. Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance tests were used to assess learning and memory functions. Oxidative stress was evaluated via the colorimetric determination of GSH and MDA levels in both hippocampal and prefrontal cortex brain regions. However, inflammatory markers, acetylcholine levels, and neuronal cell apoptosis were assessed in the same brain areas using immunoassays including either ELISA, western blotting or immunohistochemistry. DOX produced significant impairment in learning and memory as indicated by the data generated from MWM and step-through passive avoidance tests. Additionally DOX-triggered oxidative stress as evidenced from the reduction in GSH levels and increased lipid peroxidation. Treatment with DOX resulted in neuroinflammation as indicated by the increase in NF-kB (p65) nuclear translocation in addition to boosting the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators (COX-II/TNF-α) along with the increased levels of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) in the tested tissues. Moreover, DOX reduced acetylcholine levels and augmented neuronal cell apoptosis as supported by the increased active caspase-3 levels. Co-treatment with CAPE significantly counteracted DOX-induced behavioral and molecular abnormalities in rat brain tissues. Our results provide the first preclinical evidence for CAPE promising neuroprotective activity against DOX-induced neurodegeneration and memory deficits.
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Hou Y, Lin X, Lei Z, Zhao M, Li S, Zhang M, Zhang C, Yu J, Meng T. Sevoflurane prevents vulnerable plaque disruption in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice by increasing collagen deposition and inhibiting inflammation. Br J Anaesth 2020; 125:1034-1044. [PMID: 32943192 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sevoflurane may reduce the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACCEs) in surgical patients, although the mechanisms are poorly understood. We hypothesised that sevoflurane stabilises atherosclerotic plaques by inhibiting inflammation and enhancing prolyl-4-hydroxylase α1 (P4Hα1), the rate-limiting subunit for the P4H enzyme essential for collagen synthesis. METHODS We established a vulnerable arterial plaque model in apolipoprotein E-knockout mice (ApoE-/-) fed a high-fat diet that underwent daily restraint/noise stress, with/without a single prior exposure to sevoflurane for 6 h (1-3%; n=30 per group). In vitro, smooth muscle cells (SMCs) were incubated with tumour necrosis factor-alpha in the presence/absence of sevoflurane. Immunohistochemistry, immunoblots, and mRNA concentrations were used to quantify the effect of sevoflurane on plaque formation, expression of inflammatory cytokines, P4Hα1, and collagen subtypes in atherosclerotic plaques or isolated SMCs. RESULTS In ApoE-/- mice, inhalation of sevoflurane 1-3% for 6 h reduced the aortic plaque size by 8-29% in a dose-dependent manner, compared with control mice that underwent restraint stress alone (P<0.05); this was associated with reduced macrophage infiltration and lower lipid concentrations in plaques. Sevoflurane reduced gene transcription and protein expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (≥69-75%; P<0.05) and matrix metalloproteinases (≥39-65%; P<0.05) at both gene transcription and protein levels, compared with controls. Sevoflurane dose dependently increased Types I and III collagen deposition through enhanced protein expression of P4Hα1, both in vivo and in vitro (0.7-3.3-fold change; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Sevoflurane dose dependently promotes plaque stabilisation and decreases the incidence of plaque disruption in ApoE-/- mice by increasing collagen deposition and inhibiting inflammation. These mechanisms may contribute to sevoflurane reducing MACCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghao Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengqiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Evaluation of the neuroprotective potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester in a cellular model of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173342. [PMID: 32634439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, and oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a major role in the pathogenesis of PD. Since conventional therapeutics are not sufficient for the treatment of PD, the development of new agents with anti-oxidant potential is crucial. Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (CAPE), a biologically active flavonoid of propolis, possesses several biological properties such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of CAPE against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced SH-SY5Y cells. The neuroprotective effects were detected by using cell viability, Annexin V, Hoechst staining, total caspase activity, cell cycle, as well as western blotting. Besides, the anti-oxidative activity was measured by the production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial function was determined by measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). We found that CAPE significantly increased cell viability and decreased apoptotic cell death (~20%) after 150 μM 6-OHDA exposure following 24 h. 1.25 μM CAPE also prevented 6-OHDA-induced changes in condensed nuclear morphology. Furthermore, treatment with 1.25 μM CAPE increased mitochondrial membrane potential in 6-OHDA-exposed cells. CAPE inhibited 6-OHDA-induced caspase activity (~2 fold) and production of reactive oxygen species. In addition, 150 μM 6-OHDA-induced down-regulation of Bcl-2 and Akt levels and up-regulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9 levels were partially restored by 1.25 μM CAPE treatment. These results revealed a neuroprotective potential of CAPE against 6-OHDA-induced apoptosis in an in vitro PD model and may be a potential therapeutic candidate for the prevention of neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease.
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Li T, Huang Z, Wang X, Zou J, Tan S. Role of the GABAA receptors in the long-term cognitive impairments caused by neonatal sevoflurane exposure. Rev Neurosci 2020; 30:869-879. [PMID: 31145696 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sevoflurane is a widely used inhalational anesthetic in pediatric surgeries, which is considered reasonably safe and reversible upon withdrawal. However, recent preclinical studies suggested that peri-neonatal sevoflurane exposure may cause developmental abnormalities in the brain. The present review aimed to present and discuss the accumulating experimental data regarding the undesirable effects of sevoflurane on brain development as revealed by the laboratory studies. First, we summarized the long-lasting side effects of neonatal sevoflurane exposure on cognitive functions. Subsequently, we presented the structural changes, namely, neuroapoptosis, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis, following sevoflurane exposure in the immature brain. Finally, we also discussed the potential mechanisms underlying subsequent cognitive impairments later in life, which are induced by neonatal sevoflurane exposure and pointed out potential strategies for mitigating sevoflurane-induced long-term cognitive impairments. The type A gamma-amino butyric acid (GABAA) receptor, the main targets of sevoflurane, is excitatory rather than inhibitory in the immature neurons. The excitatory effects of the GABAA receptors have been linked to increased neuroapoptosis, elevated serum corticosterone levels and epigenetic modifications following neonatal sevoflurane exposure in rodents, which might contribute to sevoflurane-induced long-term cognitive abnormalities. We proposed that the excitatory GABAA receptor-mediated HPA axis activity might be a novel mechanism underlying sevoflurane-induced long-term cognitive impairments. More studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness and mechanisms by targeting the excitatory GABAA receptor as a prevention strategy to alleviate cognitive deficits induced by neonatal sevoflurane exposure in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Grade 2015 of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zeyi Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- Grade 2015 of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ju Zou
- Department of Parasitology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Special Pathogens Prevention and Control, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sijie Tan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Institute of Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
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Mohd Sairazi NS, Sirajudeen KNS. Natural Products and Their Bioactive Compounds: Neuroprotective Potentials against Neurodegenerative Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:6565396. [PMID: 32148547 PMCID: PMC7042511 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6565396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, natural products, which originate from plants, animals, and fungi, together with their bioactive compounds have been intensively explored and studied for their therapeutic potentials for various diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, hypertension, reproductive, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are characterized by the progressive dysfunction and loss of neuronal structure and function that resulted in the neuronal cell death. Since the multifactorial pathological mechanisms are associated with neurodegeneration, targeting multiple mechanisms of actions and neuroprotection approach, which involves preventing cell death and restoring the function to damaged neurons, could be promising strategies for the prevention and therapeutic of neurodegenerative diseases. Natural products have emerged as potential neuroprotective agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review focused on the therapeutic potential of natural products and their bioactive compounds to exert a neuroprotective effect on the pathologies of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Shafika Mohd Sairazi
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Medical Campus, Jalan Sultan Mahmud, 20400 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - K. N. S. Sirajudeen
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
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Yang F, Zhang Y, Tang Z, Shan Y, Wu X, Liu H. Hemin treatment protects neonatal rats from sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Life Sci 2019; 242:117151. [PMID: 31843526 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Anaesthesia-related neurotoxicity in the developing brain is a controversial issue that has recently attracted much attention. Hemin plays a protective role in hypoxic and ischemic brain damage; however, its effects on sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity remain unclear. Our aim was to investigate the mechanisms of sevoflurane neurotoxicity and potential neuroprotective roles of hemin upon sevoflurane exposure. MAIN METHODS Hippocampi were harvested 18 h after sevoflurane exposure. Haem oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), discs large MAGUK scaffold protein 4 (DLG4), phosphorylated Akt, Akt, cleaved caspase 3, and neuroglobin were detected by western blotting. A water maze test was used to assess learning and memory ability in P30 rats. KEY FINDINGS Sevoflurane inhalation increased cleaved caspase 3 levels. Hemin treatment enhanced the antioxidant defence response, protecting rats from oxidative stress injury. Hemin plays its neuroprotective role via phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling. A single inhalation of sevoflurane did not affect DLG4 expression, while hemin treatment did. Platform crossing increased in rats treated with hemin as well, which may be related to increased DLG4. Neuroglobin expression was not affected, suggesting that it may act upstream of PI3K/Akt signalling. SIGNIFICANCE Our study demonstrates that hemin plays a protective role in anaesthesia-induced neurotoxicity by both inhibiting apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt pathway and increasing the expression of antioxidant enzymes, reducing oxidative damage. The results provide mechanistic insight into the effects of sevoflurane anaesthesia on the developing brain and suggest that hemin could help avoid these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyin Tang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yangyang Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Wu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Ebrahim Soltani AR, Kajbafzadeh A, Ezzati M, Ebrahim Soltani Z, Hosseinifar N, Maleki A, Nezhad Sistani M. Novel evaluation of sevoflurane anesthetic exposure on the testicular germ cells of neonatal male mice. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:988-993. [PMID: 32922739 DOI: 10.1039/c9tx00193j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Inhalatory anesthetics may impact spermatogenesis and sexual behavior. Comprehensive evaluation should be conducted to screen the effect of inhalatory anesthetics on the sperm and semen quality. This experimental research was organized to assess the impacts of sevoflurane during the period of neonatal spermatogenesis. Materials and methods: Twenty-one pregnant mice were obtained from the Pasteur Institute. After birth, neonates were categorized based on exposure to Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) of sevoflurane into three groups: experimental 1, experimental 2 and control. In order to investigate the testicular condition, a histological evaluation, including apoptosis study and immunohistochemistry, was performed. Not only apoptotic target genes such as Bax and Bcl-2, but also microRNA17-92, were investigated in testicular samples via real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Results: The outcomes of this work indicated the effects of sevoflurane on spermatogonial and germ cells in testicular tissue via stimulating apoptotic target genes and microRNA-17-92. The proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 in the experimental group was 8.318699 ± 1.093, and the proportion of Bax/Bcl-2 in the control group was 2.631 ± 0.079. There was a significant (p ≤ 0.002) difference among the control group and both experimental groups. Conclusion: Sequential sevoflurane exposure during the neonatal period may create testicular dysfunction due to the high level of apoptosis in spermatogonial cells. Also, sevoflurane may affect spermatogenesis by influencing other biomarkers, such as microRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Ebrahim Soltani
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Abdolmohammad Kajbafzadeh
- Children's Medical Center , Regenerative Medicine Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Maryam Ezzati
- Department of Anatomical Sciences , Faculty of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Zahra Ebrahim Soltani
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Navid Hosseinifar
- Kowsar Hospital , Semnan University of Medical Sciences , Semnan , Iran
| | - Anahid Maleki
- Children's Medical Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +912 3570402
| | - Maryam Nezhad Sistani
- Department of Anatomy , School of Medical Sciences , Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran . ; Tel: +910 6992686
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General anesthetic neurotoxicity in the young: Mechanism and prevention. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:883-896. [PMID: 31606415 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
General anesthesia (GA) is usually considered to safely induce a reversible unconscious state allowing surgery to be performed without pain. A growing number of studies, in particular pre-clinical studies, however, demonstrate that general anesthetics can cause neuronal death and even long-term neurological deficits. Herein, we report our literature review and meta-analysis data of the neurological outcomes after anesthesia in the young. We also review available mechanistic and epigenetic data of GA exposure related to cognitive impairment per se and the potential preventive strategies including natural herbal compounds to attenuate those side effects. In summary, anesthetic-induced neurotoxicity may be treatable and natural herbal compounds and other medications may have great potential for such use but warrants further study before clinical applications can be initiated.
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16
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Guo X, Cheng M, Ke W, Wang Y, Ji X. MicroRNA‑214 suppresses propofol‑induced neuroapoptosis through activation of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B signaling by targeting phosphatase and tensin homolog expression. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2527-2537. [PMID: 30106086 PMCID: PMC6193586 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)‑214 on neuroapoptosis induced by propofol and the possible mechanism of its anti‑apoptotic effects. Initially, it was observed that miR‑214 expression was upregulated in propofol‑induced neuroapoptosis rats. Next, propofol‑treated nerve cells were transfected with miR‑214 mimics. The results revealed that miR‑214 overexpression induced apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation, inhibited cyclin D1 protein expression, promoted caspase‑3 activity and B‑cell lymphoma 2‑associated X protein expression, and enhanced the levels of inflammation factors in nerve cells treated with propofol. In addition, miR‑214 overexpression suppressed phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling by targeting the activation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and nuclear factor‑κB expression in nerve cells treated with propofol. Treatment with a PTEN inhibitor successfully suppressed the PTEN protein expression and decreased the apoptosis of propofol‑treated nerve cells subsequent to miR‑214 overexpression through PI3K/Akt signaling. In conclusion, the present study data revealed that miR‑214 suppressed propofol‑induced neuroapoptosis through the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling by targeting PTEN expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xukeng Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Weiqi Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Ji
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, P.R. China
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Bi C, Cai Q, Shan Y, Yang F, Sun S, Wu X, Liu H. Sevoflurane induces neurotoxicity in the developing rat hippocampus by upregulating connexin 43 via the JNK/c-Jun/AP-1 pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1469-1476. [PMID: 30372849 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most popular anesthetics, sevoflurane is widely used in pediatric anesthesia. Unfortunately, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that sevoflurane has potential neurotoxic effects on the developing brain and cognition, even in adolescence. Connexin 43 (Cx43) has been documented to contribute to cognitive dysfunction. The present study hypothesized that Cx43 may participate in sevoflurane-induced neuroinjury and investigated the underlying mechanisms in young Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Seven-day-old SD rats (P7) were exposed to 3% sevoflurane for 4 h. The levels of Cx43,mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway components(including total and phosphorylated p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun n-terminal kinase (JNK) and activator protein 1(AP-1) transcription factors (including total and phosphorylated c-Fos, and c-Jun) were assessed by Western blot analysis. Neuronal apoptosis was detected using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The Morris water maze (MWM) was performed to evaluate cognitive function from P28 to P33. The results showed that anesthesia with 3% sevoflurane for 4 h increased Cx43 levels in the rat hippocampus from 6 h to 3 d, and compared with sevoflurane exposure in the control group rats, exposure in P7 SD rats also increased the ratios of phosphorylated JNK to JNK and, phosphorylated c-Jun to c-Jun in the hippocampus from 6 h to 3 d. All these effects could be alleviated by pretreatment with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (10 mg/kg). Neuroapoptosis was similarly increased from 6 h to 1 d after inhaled sevoflurane exposure. Finally, the MWM indicated that sevoflurane could increase the escape latency and, decrease the number of platform crossings from P28 to P33. Overall, our findings suggested that sevoflurane increased Cx43 expression and induced to apoptosis by activating the JNK/c-Jun signaling pathway in the hippocampus of P7 rats. This finding may reveal a new strategy for preventing sevoflurane-induced neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congjie Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Qiuping Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Dalian Central Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Yangyang Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiuying Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Morroni F, Sita G, Graziosi A, Turrini E, Fimognari C, Tarozzi A, Hrelia P. Neuroprotective Effect of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester in A Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease Involves Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. Aging Dis 2018; 9:605-622. [PMID: 30090650 PMCID: PMC6065293 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2017.0903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive pathology, where dementia symptoms gradually worsen over a number of years. The hallmarks of AD, such as amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) in senile plaque and neurofibrillary tangles, are strongly intertwined with oxidative stress, which is considered one of the common effectors of the cascade of degenerative events. The endogenous nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is the "master regulator" of the antioxidant response and it is known as an indicator and regulator of oxidative stress. The present study aimed to determine the potential neuroprotective activity of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a polyphenolic compound abundant in honeybee, against the neurotoxicity of Aβ1-42 oligomers (AβO) in mice. An intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of AβO into the mouse brain triggered increased reactive oxygen species levels, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and memory impairment. In contrast, the intraperitoneal administration of CAPE (10 mg/kg) after i.c.v. AβO-injection counteracted oxidative stress accompanied by an induction of Nrf2 and heme oxygenase-1 via the modulation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β in the hippocampus of mice. Additionally, CAPE treatment decreased AβO-induced neuronal apoptosis and neuroinflammation, and improved learning and memory, protecting mice against the decline in spatial cognition. Our findings demonstrate that CAPE could potentially be considered as a promising neuroprotective agent against progressive neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Morroni
- 1Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sita
- 1Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnese Graziosi
- 1Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- 2Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47900 Rimini, Italy
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- 2Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47900 Rimini, Italy
| | - Andrea Tarozzi
- 2Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47900 Rimini, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- 1Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Shirooie S, Nabavi SF, Dehpour AR, Belwal T, Habtemariam S, Argüelles S, Sureda A, Daglia M, Tomczyk M, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Xu S, Nabavi SM. Targeting mTORs by omega-3 fatty acids: A possible novel therapeutic strategy for neurodegeneration? Pharmacol Res 2018; 135:37-48. [PMID: 29990625 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Parkinson's (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cause significant world-wide morbidity and mortality. To date, there is no drug of cure for these, mostly age-related diseases, although approaches in delaying the pathology and/or giving patients some symptomatic relief have been adopted for the last few decades. Various studies in recent years have shown the beneficial effects of omega-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) through diverse mechanisms including anti-inflammatory effects. This review now assesses the potential of this class of compounds in NDs therapy through specific action against the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. The role of mTOR in neurodegenerative diseases and targeted therapies by PUFAs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Shirooie
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Fazel Nabavi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359-16471, Iran
| | - Ahmad R Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tarun Belwal
- G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Kosi Katarmal, Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research Laboratories & Herbal Analysis Services UK, University of Greenwich, Chatham-Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Sandro Argüelles
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Michał Tomczyk
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, Poland
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Spain; Instituto de Investigación en Innovación en Salud, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Suowen Xu
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14623, United States
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359-16471, Iran.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article reviews the most recently published evidence that investigated anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in both animals and humans, especially as it pertains to the perinatal period. RECENT FINDINGS Several recent studies have focused on better understanding the complex mechanisms that underlie intravenous and volatile anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in animals. Adjuvant agents that target these pathways have been investigated for their effectiveness in attenuating the neuroapoptosis and neurocognitive deficits that result from anesthesia exposure, including dexmedetomidine, rutin, vitamin C, tumor necrosis factor α, lithium, apocynin, carreic acid phenethyl ester. Five clinical studies, including one randomized control trial, provided inconsistent evidence on anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity in humans. SUMMARY Despite a growing body of preclinical studies that have demonstrated anesthesia-induced neurotoxic effects in the developing and aging brain, their effects on the human brain remains to be determined. The performance of large-scale human studies is limited by several important factors, and noninvasive biomarkers and neuroimaging modalities should be employed to define the injury phenotypes that reflect anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity. Ultimately, the use of these modalities may provide new insights into whether the concerns of anesthetics are justified in humans.
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Kumar M, Bansal N. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester rescued streptozotocin-induced memory loss through PI3-kinase dependent pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 101:162-173. [PMID: 29486334 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.02.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to elucidate the role of PI3-kinase signaling in memory enhancing potential of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) against cognitive defects in rats after centrally administered streptozotocin as a model of Alzheimer's disease. The Morris water maze and elevated plus maze paradigms showed profound loss of memory in adult Wistar rats (180-200 g) injected with streptozotocin (3 mg/kg) bilaterally (STZ-ICV) on day 1 and 3. Intraperitoneal administration of CAPE (6 mg/kg, i.p., 28 days) attenuated STZ-ICV triggered memory loss in rats. Treatment with PI3-kinase inhibitor (wortmannin, 5 μg/rat, ICV) or NOS blocker (L-NAME, 20 mg/kg, i.p., 28 days) interfered with memory restorative function of CAPE in STZ treated rats. In biochemical analysis markers of oxidative stress (TBARS, GSH, SOD, CAT), nitrite, AChE, TNF-α, eNOS and NFκB were measured in brain of rats on day 28. Interestingly, L-Arginine (100 mg/kg, i.p., 28 days) group exhibited moderate (p > 0.05) decline in memory functions. The brain oxidative stress, TNF-α, AChE activity and NFκB levels were elevated, and eNOS level was lowered by STZ-ICV treatment. Administration of CAPE lowered oxidative stress, AChE, nitrite and TNF-α levels in brain of rats. The eNOS level was enhanced and NFκB level was decreased by CAPE in STZ treated rats. Wortmannin injection elevated the brain oxidative stress, AChE activity and TNF-α levels, and decreased the nitrite, eNOS and NFκB level. Rise of brain oxidative stress parameters, AChE activity, TNF-α, eNOS and NFκB levels, and decline in brain nitrite content was observed in L-NAME treated group. L-Arginine administration showed modest effects (p > 0.05) on oxidative stress parameters. Brain nitrite content was enhanced although eNOS, NFκB levels, and AChE activity was decimated by L-Arginine treatment. It can be concluded that PI3-kinase mediated nitric oxide facilitation is an essential feature of CAPE action in STZ-ICV treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- PhD Research Scholar, IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144603, India; Department of Pharmacology, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, 140111, India.
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, 140111, India.
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Lyu Z, Cao J, Wang J, Lian H. Protective effect of vitexin reduces sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis through HIF-1α, VEGF and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in vitro and in newborn rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3117-3123. [PMID: 29456715 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Vitexin possesses antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory and potential anticancer effects. The present study aimed to investigate whether the protective effect of vitexin protects against sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis and the underlying mechanisms of this protective effect. The results demonstrated that Vitexin pretreatment significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis, and inhibited caspase-3 activity, apoptosis regulator BAX protein expression and malondialdehyde levels in sevoflurane-induced newborn rats. In addition, Vitexin pretreatment increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activity. Furthermore, it was revealed that treatment with vitexin induced hypoxia inducible factor 1α subunit (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression, and suppressed phosphorylated-p38 MAP kinase (p38) protein expression in sevoflurane-induced newborn rat. Together, the results of the current study suggest that the protective effect of vitexin reduces sevoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis through HIF-1α-, VEGF- and p38-associated signaling pathways in newborn rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipai Lyu
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cao
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Ju Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Lian
- Department of Anesthesia, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, Zhengzhou 450052, P.R. China
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Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wang L, Wang H, Sun T, Xia H, Yang Y, Zhang L. The α-lipoic acid improves high-fat diet-induced cerebral damage through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:219-224. [PMID: 28985617 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study is to clarify the protective role of α-lipoic acid in high-fat diet-induced cerebral damage mice. The mice were divided into 5 groups: normal control group, high-fat diet (HFD) group, low-dose α-lipoic acid group for prevention, high-dose α-lipoic acid group for prevention, and high-dose α-lipoic acid group for treatment. The groups' weights and blood glucose changes were monitored. We used HE staining to observe morphological changes in the cerebral cortex. The expression levels of the oxidative stress proteins SOD2, catalase, and the inflammatory pathway proteins p-JNK, p-ERK were measured by western blot and immunochemistry. Compared with the control group, the quantity of cortical neurons in the HFD group was decreased, and the samples exhibited retrogression. However, the lipoic acid significantly protected and promoted the cortical neurons survival. Moreover, compared with the HFD group, the expression levels of SOD2 and catalase in the three α-lipoic acid obtained groups were significantly increased. However, the expression levels of the inflammatory pathway proteins p-JNK and p-ERK were significantly decreased. These results indicate that theα-lipoic acid greatly protects the cortical neurons, and inhibited the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in the high-fat diet mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital, Qingdao 266106, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Function Examination, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
| | - Li Wang
- The 8th People's Hospital of Qingdao City, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China; Monogenic Disease Research Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Department of Cardiac Function Examination, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hechun Xia
- Department of Cardiac Function Examination, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Yinchuan 750004, China; Department of Cardiac Function Examination, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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Yu HJ, Shin JA, Yang IH, Won DH, Ahn CH, Kwon HJ, Lee JS, Cho NP, Kim EC, Yoon HJ, Lee JI, Hong SD, Cho SD. Apoptosis induced by caffeic acid phenethyl ester in human oral cancer cell lines: Involvement of Puma and Bax activation. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 84:94-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Perez-Zoghbi J, Zhu W, Grafe M, Brambrink A. Dexmedetomidine-mediated neuroprotection against sevoflurane-induced neurotoxicity extends to several brain regions in neonatal rats. Br J Anaesth 2017; 119:506-516. [DOI: 10.1093/bja/aex222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Moghadam FH, Mesbah-Ardakani M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Effects of Oleo Gum Resin of Ferula assa-foetida L. on Senescence in Human Dermal Fibroblasts: - Asafoetida reverses senescence in fibroblasts. J Pharmacopuncture 2017; 20:213-219. [PMID: 30087798 PMCID: PMC5633674 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2017.20.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Based on data from Chinese and Indian traditional herbal medicines, gum resin of Ferula assa-foetida (sometimes referred to asafetida or asafoetida) has several therapeutic applications. The authors of various studies have claimed that asafetida has cytotoxic, antiulcer, anti-neoplasm, anti-cancer, and anti-oxidative effects. In present study, the anti-aging effect of asafetida on senescent human dermal fibroblasts was evaluated. Methods Senescence was induced in in vitro cultured human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) through exposure to H2O2, and the incidence of senescence was recognized by using cytochemical staining for the activity of β-galactosidase. Then, treatment with oleo gum resin of asafetida was started to evaluate its rejuvenating effect. The survival rate of fibroblasts was evaluated by using methyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot assays were performed to evaluate the expressions of apoptotic and anti-apoptotic markers. Results Our experiments show that asafetida in concentrations ranging from 5 × 10−8 to 10−7 g/mL has revitalizing effects on senescent fibroblasts and significantly reduces the β-galactosidase activity in these cells (P < 0.05). Likewise, treatment at these concentrations increases the proliferation rate of normal fibroblasts (P < 0.05). However, at concentrations higher than 5 × 10−7 g/mL, asafetida is toxic for cells and induces cell death. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that asafetida at low concentrations has a rejuvenating effect on senescent fibroblasts whereas at higher concentrations, it has the opposite effect of facilitating cellular apoptosis and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Homayouni Moghadam
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Neurobiomedical Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Yazd University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehrnaz Mesbah-Ardakani
- Imam Hossein Hospital of Sepidan, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Neurobiomedical Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi Yazd University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology at Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Szwajgier D, Borowiec K, Pustelniak K. The Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic Acids: Molecular Mechanism of Action. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050477. [PMID: 28489058 PMCID: PMC5452207 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective role of phenolic acids from food has previously been reported by many authors. In this review, the role of phenolic acids in ameliorating depression, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, glutamate-induced toxicity, epilepsy, imbalance after traumatic brain injury, hyperinsulinemia-induced memory impairment, hearing and vision disturbances, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, anti-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Chagas disease and other less distributed diseases is discussed. This review covers the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies concerning the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders (on the biochemical and gene expression levels) by phenolic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Pustelniak
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
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Peng YT, Shi XE, Li ZQ, He X, Sun YM. Particularly interesting Cys-His-rich protein is highly expressed in human intracranial aneurysms and resists aneurysmal rupture. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3905-3912. [PMID: 28101173 PMCID: PMC5228173 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Particularly interesting Cys-His-rich protein (PINCH) has several biological functions in cancer development, invasion and metastasis in malignant cells, and the expression of PINCH is upregulated in several cancer types, including breast cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma and rectal cancer. However, the contribution of PINCH to human cerebral aneurysms remains largely unknown. Therefore, the significance of PINCH expression in cerebral aneurysm growth and rupture was examined in the present study. The protein expression levels of alpha-smooth muscle actin, osteopontin (OPN), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 9 and PINCH were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses. The results demonstrate that the protein expression levels of OPN, MMP9 and PINCH in the unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UA) and ruptured intracranial aneurysm (RA) groups were markedly higher than those of the control group, whereas OPN and PINCH expression levels were decreased in the RA group compared to those of the UA group. In addition, there was a strong correlation between PINCH and tumor size (r=0.650 and P=0.0026), as well as between PINCH and OPN (r=0.639 and P=0.0033) in the unruptured cerebral aneurysms. However, the correlation between PINCH and tumor size (r=0.450 and P=0.1393) and between PINCH and OPN (r=0.366 and P=0.2426) revealed no obvious difference in the ruptured cerebral aneurysms. In conclusion, PINCH was highly expressed in the UAs, which may be a critical factor for preventing aneurysmal rupture. Moreover, PINCH may facilitate intracranial aneurysm progression, at least partially, through the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling and the suppression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tao Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-En Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Ming Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
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