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Baulina N, Kiselev I, Favorova O. Imprinted Genes and Multiple Sclerosis: What Do We Know? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1346. [PMID: 33572862 PMCID: PMC7866243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that arises from interplay between non-genetic and genetic risk factors. The epigenetics functions as a link between these factors, affecting gene expression in response to external influence, and therefore should be extensively studied to improve the knowledge of MS molecular mechanisms. Among others, the epigenetic mechanisms underlie the establishment of parent-of-origin effects that appear as phenotypic differences depending on whether the allele was inherited from the mother or father. The most well described manifestation of parent-of-origin effects is genomic imprinting that causes monoallelic gene expression. It becomes more obvious that disturbances in imprinted genes at the least affecting their expression do occur in MS and may be involved in its pathogenesis. In this review we will focus on the potential role of imprinted genes in MS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Baulina
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Kiselev
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (O.F.)
| | - Olga Favorova
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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TPH gene rs17110747 A allele is significantly enriched in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis. GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Miller JB, Ward E, Staley LA, Stevens J, Teerlink CC, Tavana JP, Cloward M, Page M, Dayton L, Cannon-Albright LA, Kauwe JSK. Identification and genomic analysis of pedigrees with exceptional longevity identifies candidate rare variants. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:104972. [PMID: 32574725 PMCID: PMC7461696 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Longevity as a phenotype entails living longer than average and typically includes living without chronic age-related diseases. Recently, several common genetic components to longevity have been identified. This study aims to identify additional genetic variants associated with longevity using unique and powerful analyses of pedigrees with a statistical excess of healthy elderly individuals identified in the Utah Population Database (UPDB). METHODS From an existing biorepository of Utah pedigrees, six independent cousin pairs were selected from four extended pedigrees that exhibited an excess of healthy elderly individuals; whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on two elderly individuals from each pedigree who were either first cousins or first cousins once removed. Rare (<.01 population frequency) variants shared by at least one elderly cousin pair in a region likely to be identical by descent were identified as candidates. Ingenuity Variant Analysis was used to prioritize putative causal variants based on quality control, frequency, and gain or loss of function. The variant frequency was compared in healthy cohorts and in an Alzheimer's disease cohort. Remaining variants were filtered based on their presence in genes reported to have an effect on the aging process, aging of cells, or the longevity process. Validation of these candidate variants included tests of segregation on other elderly relatives. RESULTS Fifteen rare candidate genetic variants spanning 17 genes shared within cousins were identified as having passed prioritization criteria. Of those variants, six were present in genes that are known or predicted to affect the aging process: rs78408340 (PAM), rs112892337 (ZFAT), rs61737629 (ESPL1), rs141903485 (CEBPE), rs144369314 (UTP4), and rs61753103 (NUP88 and RABEP1). ESPL1 rs61737629 and CEBPE rs141903485 show additional evidence of segregation with longevity in expanded pedigree analyses (p-values = .001 and .0001, respectively). DISCUSSION This unique pedigree analysis efficiently identified several novel rare candidate variants that may affect the aging process and added support to seven genes that likely contribute to longevity. Further analyses showed evidence for segregation for two rare variants, ESPL1 rs61737629 and CEBPE rs141903485, in the original longevity pedigrees in which they were initially observed. These candidate genes and variants warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Miller
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ward
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Lyndsay A Staley
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jeffrey Stevens
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Craig C Teerlink
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Justina P Tavana
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Matthew Cloward
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Madeline Page
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Louisa Dayton
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Lisa A Cannon-Albright
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - John S K Kauwe
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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Prata DP, Costa-Neves B, Cosme G, Vassos E. Unravelling the genetic basis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder with GWAS: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 114:178-207. [PMID: 31096178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To systematically review findings of GWAS in schizophrenia (SZ) and in bipolar disorder (BD); and to interpret findings, with a focus on identifying independent replications. METHOD PubMed search, selection and review of all independent GWAS in SZ or BD, published since March 2011, i.e. studies using non-overlapping samples within each article, between articles, and with those of the previous review (Li et al., 2012). RESULTS From the 22 GWAS included in this review, the genetic associations surviving standard GWAS-significance were for genetic markers in the regions of ACSL3/KCNE4, ADCY2, AMBRA1, ANK3, BRP44, DTL, FBLN1, HHAT, INTS7, LOC392301, LOC645434/NMBR, LOC729457, LRRFIP1, LSM1, MDM1, MHC, MIR2113/POU3F2, NDST3, NKAPL, ODZ4, PGBD1, RENBP, TRANK1, TSPAN18, TWIST2, UGT1A1/HJURP, WHSC1L1/FGFR1 and ZKSCAN4. All genes implicated across both reviews are discussed in terms of their function and implication in neuropsychiatry. CONCLUSION Taking all GWAS to date into account, AMBRA1, ANK3, ARNTL, CDH13, EFHD1 (albeit with different alleles), MHC, PLXNA2 and UGT1A1 have been implicated in either disorder in at least two reportedly non-overlapping samples. Additionally, evidence for a SZ/BD common genetic basis is most strongly supported by the implication of ANK3, NDST3, and PLXNA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Prata
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK; Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Centro de Investigação e Intervenção Social, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Bernardo Costa-Neves
- Lisbon Medical School, University of Lisbon, Av. Professor Egas Moniz, 1649-028, Lisbon, Portugal; Centro Hospitalar Psiquiátrico de Lisboa, Av. do Brasil, 53 1749-002, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Cosme
- Instituto de Biofísica e Engenharia Biomédica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Evangelos Vassos
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, 16 De Crespigny Park, SE5 8AF, UK
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Multi-level genomic analyses suggest new genetic variants involved in human memory. Eur J Hum Genet 2018; 26:1668-1678. [PMID: 29970928 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-018-0201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of high-throughput genotyping platforms provides an opportunity to identify new genetic elements related to complex cognitive functions. Taking advantage of multi-level genomic analysis, here we studied the genetic basis of human short-term (STM, n = 1623) and long-term (LTM, n = 1522) memory functions. Heritability estimation based on single nucleotide polymorphism showed moderate (61%, standard error 35%) heritability of short-term memory but almost zero heritability of long-term memory. We further performed a two-step genome-wide association study, but failed to find any SNPs that could pass genome-wide significance and survive replication at the same time. However, suggestive significance for rs7011450 was found in the shared component of the two STM tasks. Further inspections on its nearby gene zinc finger and at-hook domain containing and SNPs around this gene showed suggestive association with STM. In LTM, a polymorphism within branched chain amino acid transaminase 2 showed suggestive significance in the discovery cohort and has been replicated in another independent population of 1862. Furthermore, we performed a pathway analysis based on the current genomic data and found pathways including mTOR signaling and axon guidance significantly associated with STM capacity. These findings warrant further replication in other larger populations.
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Domínguez-Roldan R, Pérez-Martínez M, Rosetti MF, Arias-Hernández D, Bernal-Fernández G, Flores-Pérez FI, Hallal-Calleros C. High frequency of Taenia pisiformis metacestodes and high sex-associated susceptibility to cysticercosis in naturally infected wild rabbits. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:2201-2206. [PMID: 29744701 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is a well-documented phenomenon observed at all levels of the animal kingdom, with the inclusion of both sexes in clinical trials and basic research becoming mandatory. Regarding parasitosis, in several animal species, the signs and virulence of the disease may change depending on the sex of the affected animal. In the cestodiasis caused by Taenia solium and Taenia crassiceps, females are more susceptible to experimental infection than males. Cysticercosis by Taenia pisiformis in rabbits has acquired relevance due to its economic impact, namely affecting welfare and production. In America, specifically in Mexico, there are no formal reports on the infection with T. pisiformis metacestodes in populations of wild rabbits, despite being the country with more endemic species (about 15 species), among them, the volcanoes rabbits or the endangered teporingo (Romerolagus diazi). In this study, 31 wild rabbits were obtained by hunters of some regions of Morelos state during several hunting seasons, and sex, physiological stage, and number of metacestodes were recorded. A high frequency of infection by T. pisiformis metacestodes (67.7%) was found. Also, a higher susceptibility to this infection was observed in does (80% infected) compared to bucks (40%), finding 84.2% of metacestodes (235 metacestodes) in does and 15.8% of metacestodes (44 metacestodes) in bucks. The percentage of infection was higher in lactating compared with pregnant and non-pregnant does, with metacestodes lodging mainly in the uterus. Increasing our knowledge regarding parasitic infections can help us better understand transmission circles as well as the parasite-host interaction of these increasingly at risk rabbit species.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Domínguez-Roldan
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1,001. Col. Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - M Pérez-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3,000. Col. Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - M F Rosetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3,000. Col. Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - D Arias-Hernández
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1,001. Col. Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - G Bernal-Fernández
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1,001. Col. Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - F I Flores-Pérez
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1,001. Col. Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - C Hallal-Calleros
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1,001. Col. Chamilpa, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Guerrero-García JDJ, Godínez-Rubí M, Ortuño-Sahagún D. Multiple Sclerosis in Search for Biomarkers: Gender as a Variable in the Equation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.3233/nib-170126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisol Godínez-Rubí
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Patología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Daniel Ortuño-Sahagún
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunobiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas (IICB), C.U.C.S., Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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