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AlMotwaa SM, Al-Otaibi WA. Nano-emulsion based on Santolina chamaecyparissus essential oil potentiates the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Doxorubicin: an in vitro study. J Microencapsul 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39092777 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2386287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed at investigating the cytotoxic effect of a novel combination of doxorubicin (DOX) and nano-formulation of Santolina chamaecyparissus L. essential oil (SCEO-NANO) on hepatic (HepG2) and colon (HT29) cancer cell lines. METHODS A nano-emulsion was prepared by high-pressure homogenisation, then analysed by zetasizer and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. HepG2 and HT29 cells were used in in vitro tests for apoptosis detection. RESULTS Formulated droplet size increased in DOX@SCEO-NANO/DOX to 11.54 ± 0.02 with uniform distribution (PDI = 0.13 ± 0.01), when compared with SCEO-NANO (size: 8.91 ± 0.02 nm; PDI = 0.1 ± 0.02). In both cells, DOX@SCEO-NANO/DOX led to a considerable reduction in colony formation. Compared to DOX, apoprotein proteins were overexpressed in HepG2 cells, showing increases of 8.66-fold for caspase-3 and 4.24-fold for the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In HT29 cells, ROS-dependent necrosis and apoptosis were seen. Comparing DOX@SCEO-NANO/DOX versus DOX, greater levels of caspase-3 and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were observed. CONCLUSION The DOX@SCEO-NANO/DOX formulation showed potential for targeted eradication of colon adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar M AlMotwaa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waad A Al-Otaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Xu D, Yuan L, Meng F, Lu D, Che M, Yang Y, Liu W, Nan Y. Research progress on antitumor effects of sea buckthorn, a traditional Chinese medicine homologous to food and medicine. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1430768. [PMID: 39045282 PMCID: PMC11263281 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1430768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae Fructus), as a homologous species of medicine and food, is widely used by Mongolians and Tibetans for its anti-tumor, antioxidant and liver-protecting properties. In this review, the excellent anti-tumor effect of sea buckthorn was first found through network pharmacology, and its active components such as isorhamnetin, quercetin, gallic acid and protocatechuic acid were found to have significant anti-tumor effects. The research progress and application prospect of sea buckthorn and its active components in anti-tumor types, mechanism of action, liver protection, anti-radiation and toxicology were reviewed, providing theoretical basis for the development of sea buckthorn products in the field of anti-tumor research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duojie Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Fandi Meng
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Doudou Lu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Mengying Che
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yating Yang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Unnikrishnan Meenakshi D, Narde GK, Ahuja A, Al Balushi K, Francis AP, Khan SA. Therapeutic Applications of Nanoformulated Resveratrol and Quercetin Phytochemicals in Colorectal Cancer-An Updated Review. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:761. [PMID: 38931884 PMCID: PMC11206904 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds such as polyphenols play several positive roles in maintaining the oxidative and inflammatory capacity of cells, which leads to their potential use as anticancer therapeutics. There is promising evidence for the in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of many polyphenols, including resveratrol and quercetin, specifically in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). There is a clear association between resveratrol and quercetin in interfering with the mechanistic pathways involved in CRC, such as Wnt, P13K/AKT, caspase-3, MAPK, NF-κB, etc. These molecular pathways establish the role of resveratrol and quercetin in controlling cancer cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting metastasis. The major bottleneck in the progression of the use of resveratrol and quercetin as anticancer therapeutics is their reduced bioavailability in vivo because of their rapid metabolism in humans. Recent advancements in various nanotechnological formulations are promising for overcoming these bioavailability issues. Various nanoformulations of resveratrol and quercetin have shown an optimistic impact on reducing the solubility and improving the stability of resveratrol and quercetin in vivo. A combinatorial approach using nanoformulations of resveratrol with quercetin could potentially increase the impact of resveratrol in controlling CRC cell proliferation. This review discusses the mechanism of resveratrol and quercetin, the two bioactive polyphenolics, in colon cancer, with an emphasis on various types of nanoformulations of the two molecules targeting colon cancer. It also explores the synergistic effect of combining resveratrol and quercetin in various nanoformulations, targeting colon cancer. This research delves into the enhanced pharmacokinetics and potential chemotherapeutic benefits of these bioactive polyphenolics when used together in innovative ways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gurpreet Kaur Narde
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat PC 130, Oman; (G.K.N.); (K.A.B.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Alka Ahuja
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat PC 130, Oman; (G.K.N.); (K.A.B.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Khalid Al Balushi
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat PC 130, Oman; (G.K.N.); (K.A.B.); (S.A.K.)
| | - Arul Prakash Francis
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat PC 130, Oman; (G.K.N.); (K.A.B.); (S.A.K.)
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Lu Y, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhang H, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Sha H, Zou R, Gan Y, Sui Y, Wang J, Du T, Wu J, Feng J. Aldolase A Promotes Colorectal Cancer Progression through Targeting COPS6 and Regulating MAPK Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:1702125. [PMID: 37457886 PMCID: PMC10344634 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious threat to human health, and its underlying mechanisms remain to be further explored. Aldolase A (ALDOA) has received increasing attention for its reported association with multiple cancers, but the role and mechanisms of ALDOA in CRC are still unclear. In the current study, high expression levels and enzymatic activity of ALDOA were detected in CRC tissues and cell lines, indicating the clinical significance of ALDOA in human CRC. In addition, silencing ALDOA significantly impaired the proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, immunoprecipitation assays and mass spectrometry analysis identified the binding protein COPS6 of ALDOA. Furthermore, the promoting effects of upregulated ALDOA on CRC cell proliferation and metastasis were inhibited by COPS6 depletion, demonstrating COPS6 was required for ALDOA in mediating CRC progress. Moreover, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program and MAPK signaling pathway were found to be activated by ALDOA overexpression as well. In summary, our findings suggested that ALDOA facilitated the proliferation and metastasis of CRC by binding and regulating COPS6, inducing EMT, and activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The present study provided evidence for ALDOA as a promising potential biomarker for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Lu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Endoscopy, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine (IBMC), China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital, China
| | - Junying Zhang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Sha
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Renrui Zou
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yujie Gan
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Sui
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tongde Du
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Li YJ, Tang DX, Yan HT, Yang B, Yang Z, Long FX. Network pharmacology and molecular docking-based analyses to predict the potential mechanism of Huangqin decoction in treating colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:4553-4566. [PMID: 37469733 PMCID: PMC10353508 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i19.4553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze the potential action mechanism of Huangqin decoction (HQD) in colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment on the basis of network pharmacology and molecular docking.
AIM To investigate the molecular mechanisms of HQD for CRC treatment by using network pharmacology and molecular docking.
METHODS All HQD active ingredients were searched using the Systematic Pharmacology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology databases and the Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanisms in traditional Chinese medicine. Then, the targets of the active ingredients were screened. The abbreviations of protein targets were obtained from the UniProt database. A “drug–compound–target” network was constructed to screen for some main active ingredients. Some targets related to the therapeutic effect of CRC were obtained from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, Therapeutic Target Database, and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases. The intersection of targets of Chinese herbs and CRC was taken. A Venn diagram was drawn to construct the intersection target interactions network by referring to the STRING database. Topological analysis of the protein interaction network was performed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software to screen the core HQD targets for CRC. The core targets were imported into the DAVID 6.8 analysis website for gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses and visualization. Finally, molecular docking was performed using AutoDockTool and PyMOL for validation.
RESULTS In total, 280 potential drug-active ingredients were present in HQD, including 1474 targets of the drug-active ingredients. The main active ingredients identified were betulin, tetrahydropalmatine, and quercetin. In total, 10249 CRC-related targets and 1014 drug-disease intersecting targets were identified, including 28 core targets of action such as Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, tumor protein p53, vascular endothelial growth factor, and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1. The gene ontology enrichment functional analysis yielded 503 enrichment results, including 406 biological processes that were mainly related to the positive regulation of both gene expression and transcription and cellular response to hypoxia, etc. In total, 38 cellular components were primarily related to polymer complexes, transcription factor complexes, and platelet alpha granule lumen. Then, 59 molecular functions were closely related to the binding of enzymes, homologous proteins, and transcription factors. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis yielded 139 enrichment results, involving epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and HIF-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.
CONCLUSION HQD can play a role in CRC treatment through the “multi-component-target–pathway”. The active ingredients betulin, tetrahydropalmatine, and quercetin may act on targets such as Jun proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, tumor protein p53, vascular endothelial growth factor, and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1, which in turn regulate HIF-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in CRC treatment. The molecular docking junction clarified that all four key target proteins could bind strongly to the main HQD active ingredients. This indicates that HQD could slow down CRC progression by modulating multiple targets and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Li
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550005, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dong-Xin Tang
- Digestive Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hong-Ting Yan
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Bing Yang
- Digestive Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Feng-Xi Long
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gui Yang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
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Homayoonfal M, Gilasi H, Asemi Z, Mahabady MK, Asemi R, Yousefi B. Quercetin modulates signal transductions and targets non-coding RNAs against cancer development. Cell Signal 2023; 107:110667. [PMID: 37023996 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, various investigations have indicated that natural compounds have great potential in the prevention and treatment of different chronic disorders including different types of cancer. As a bioactive flavonoid, Quercetin (Qu) is a dietary ingredient enjoying high pharmacological values and health-promoting effects due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characterization. Conclusive in vitro and in vivo evidence has revealed that Qu has great potential in cancer prevention and development. Qu exerts its anticancer influences by altering various cellular processes such as apoptosis, autophagy, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle, and proliferation. In this way, Qu by targeting numerous signaling pathways as well as non-coding RNAs regulates several cellular mechanisms to suppress cancer occurrence and promotion. This review aimed to summarize the impact of Qu on the molecular pathways and non-coding RNAs in modulating various cancer-associated cellular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Homayoonfal
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Gilasi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Khaksary Mahabady
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Reza Asemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Cancer Prevention Research Center, Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Quercetin and Its Fermented Extract as a Potential Inhibitor of Bisphenol A-Exposed HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells’ Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065604. [PMID: 36982678 PMCID: PMC10052295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) promotes colon cancer by altering the physiological functions of hormones. Quercetin (Q) can regulate signaling pathways through hormone receptors, inhibiting cancer cells. The antiproliferative effects of Q and its fermented extract (FEQ, obtained by Q gastrointestinal digestion and in vitro colonic fermentation) were analyzed in HT-29 cells exposed to BPA. Polyphenols were quantified in FEQ by HPLC and their antioxidant capacity by DPPH and ORAC. Q and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) were quantified in FEQ. Q and FEQ exhibited antioxidant capacity. Cell viability with Q+BPA and FEQ+BPA was 60% and 50%, respectively; less than 20% of dead cells were associated with the necrosis process (LDH). Treatments with Q and Q+BPA induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and FEQ and FEQ+BPA in the S phase. Compared with other treatments, Q positively modulated ESR2 and GPR30 genes. Using a gene microarray of the p53 pathway, Q, Q+BPA, FEQ and FEQ+BPA positively modulated genes involved in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest; bisphenol inhibited the expression of pro-apoptotic and cell cycle repressor genes. In silico analyses demonstrated the binding affinity of Q > BPA > DOPAC molecules for ERα and ERβ. Further studies are needed to understand the role of disruptors in colon cancer.
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Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Aghajanian S, Mansoori R, Al-E-Ahmad A, Ebrahimzadeh M, Moghadamnia AA, Kazemi S. Interaction of quercetin and 5-fluorouracil: cellular and pharmacokinetic study. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023:1-10. [PMID: 36912048 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2023.2188928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, and its uncontrolled blood levels contribute to toxicity. Quercetin, as an important flavonoid, has many biological effects, including anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory features. The current study investigated the synergistic effect between 5-FU and quercetin using HT-29 cell line and fibroblast cells. Rats were assigned to two groups. The 5-FU/quercetin group received intraperitoneal quercetin (10 mg/kg) and the Tween was injected to the control group for 14 consecutive days. On the 15th day, both groups received 50 mg/kg of 5-FU. Upon the final injection, blood samples were obtained at different times. Pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The mean (±SD) of maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 5-FU in combination therapy group was 3.10 ± 0.18 μg/ml and the area under the curve (AUC) was 153.89 ± 21.36, which increased by 113% and 128% compared to control group, respectively. Quercetin increased anti-tumor activity of 5-FU and enhanced Cmax and AUC of 5-FU. These findings confirm the synergistic effects between quercetin and 5-FU at the usual doses in cancer treatment, which may lead to reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Tavakoli Pirzaman
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soheyla Aghajanian
- Department of Pharmacology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Razieh Mansoori
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Al-E-Ahmad
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Manijeh Ebrahimzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Moghadamnia
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Utama K, Khamto N, Meepowpan P, Aobchey P, Kantapan J, Meerak J, Roytrakul S, Sangthong P. 2',4'-Dihydroxy-6'‑methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone and its amino acid-conjugated derivatives induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via BAX/BCL2 ratio upregulation and in silico insight in SiHa cell lines. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 184:106390. [PMID: 36813001 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
We modified the chemical structure of 2',4'-dihydroxy-6'‑methoxy-3',5'-dimethylchalcone (DMC, 1), a phytochemical found in the seed of Syzygium nervosum A.Cunn. ex DC., by conjugation with the amino acid L-alanine (compound 3a) or L-valine (compound 3b) to enhance anticancer activity and water solubility. Compounds 3a and 3b had antiproliferative activity in human cervical cancer cell lines (C-33A, SiHa and HeLa), with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 7.56 ± 0.27 and 8.24 ± 0.14 µM, respectively in SiHa cells; these values were approximately two-fold greater than DMC. We investigated the biological activities of compounds 3a and 3b based on a wound healing assay, a cell cycle assay and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression analysis to determine the possible mechanism of anticancer activity. Compounds 3a and 3b inhibited SiHa cell migration in the wound healing assay. After treatment with compounds 3a and 3b, there was an increase in SiHa cells in the G1 phase, indicative of cell cycle arrest. Moreover, compound 3a showed potential anticancer activity by upregulating TP53 and CDKN1A that resulted in upregulation of BAX and downregulation of CDK2 and BCL2, leading to apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The BAX/BCL2 expression ratio was increased after treatment with compound 3avia the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. In silico molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation shed light on how these DMC derivatives interact with the HPV16 E6 protein, a viral oncoprotein associated with cervical cancer. Our findings suggest that compound 3a is a potential candidate for anti-cervical cancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kraikrit Utama
- Interdisciplinary Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nopawit Khamto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Puttinan Meepowpan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Paitoon Aobchey
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jomkhwan Meerak
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Bangkok, 12120, Thailand
| | - Padchanee Sangthong
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Research Center on Chemistry for Development of Health Promoting Products from Northern Resources, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Targets Involved in the Anti-Cancer Activity of Quercetin in Breast, Colorectal and Liver Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032952. [PMID: 36769274 PMCID: PMC9918234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochemicals have long been effective partners in the fight against several diseases, including cancer. Among these, flavonoids are valuable allies for both cancer prevention and therapy since they are known to influence a large panel of tumor-related processes. Particularly, it was revealed that quercetin, one of the most common flavonoids, controls apoptosis and inhibits migration and proliferation, events essential for the development of cancer. In this review, we collected the evidence on the anti-cancer activity of quercetin exploring the network of interactions between this flavonol and the proteins responsible for cancer onset and progression focusing on breast, colorectal and liver cancers, owing to their high worldwide incidence. Moreover, quercetin proved to be also a potentiating agent able to push further the anti-cancer activity of common employed anti-neoplastic agents, thus allowing to lower their dosages and, above all, to sensitize again resistant cancer cells. Finally, novel approaches to delivery systems can enhance quercetin's pharmacokinetics, thus boosting its great potentiality even further. Overall, quercetin has a lot of promise, given its multi-target potentiality; thus, more research is strongly encouraged to properly define its pharmaco-toxicological profile and evaluate its potential for usage in adjuvant and chemoprevention therapy.
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Zhang L, Gong Y, Zhang L, Liang B, Xu H, Hu W, Jin Z, Wu X, Chen X, Li M, Shi L, Shi Y, Li M, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yang L. Gou Qi Zi inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1034750. [PMID: 36591458 PMCID: PMC9796997 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1034750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gou Qi Zi (Lycium barbarum) is a traditional herbal medicine with antioxidative effects. Although Gou Qi Zi has been used to prevent premature aging and in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), its mechanism of action in NSCLC remains unclear. The present study utilized network pharmacology to assess the potential mechanism of action of Gou Qi Zi in the treatment of NSCLC. Methods The TCMSP, TCMID, SwissTargetPrediction, DrugBank, DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM and TTD databases were searched for the active components of Gou Qi Zi and their potential therapeutic targets in NSCLC. Protein-protein interaction networks were identified and the interactions of target proteins were analyzed. Involved pathways were determined by GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analyses using the Metascape database, and molecular docking technology was used to study the interactions between active compounds and potential targets. These results were verified by cell counting kit-8 assays, BrdU labeling, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and qRT-PCR. Results Database searches identified 33 active components in Gou Qi Zi, 199 predicted biological targets and 113 NSCLC-related targets. A network of targets of traditional Chinese medicine compounds and potential targets of Gou Qi Zi in NSCLC was constructed. GO enrichment analysis showed that Gou Qi Zi targeting of NSCLC was mainly due to the effect of its associated lipopolysaccharide. KEGG pathway analysis showed that Gou Qi Zi acted mainly through the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway in the treatment of NSCLC. Molecular docking experiments showed that the bioactive compounds of Gou Qi Zi could bind to AKT1, C-MYC and TP53. These results were verified by experimental assays. Conclusion Gou Qi Zi induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanju Gong
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Xu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wangming Hu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhong Jin
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiongbin Chen
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Li
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangqin Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaping Shi
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingjian Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Basic Medicine College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Lan Yang, ;
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12
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Synthetic Pathways and the Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin and Curcumin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214413. [PMID: 36430891 PMCID: PMC9696847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are considered popular ingredients in the pharmaceutical and medical fields due to their preventive and therapeutic properties. However, the potential effects and mechanisms of action of individual polyphenols remain largely unknown. Herein, we analyzed recent data on the synthetic pathways, features, and similarity of the properties of quercetin, as the most famous flavonoid, and curcumin, a representative of curcuminoids that despite their anti-oxidant activity, also have a pro-oxidant effect, depending on the concentration and the cellular environment. This review focuses on an analysis of their anti-cancer efficacy against various cancer cell lines via cell cycle arrest (regulation of p53/p21 and CDK/cyclins) and by triggering the mitochondrial intrinsic (Bcl-2/Bax/caspase 9) apoptotic pathway, as well as through the modulation of the signaling pathways (PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT, MAPK, p53, and NF-ĸB) and their influence on the non-coding RNAs involved in angiogenesis, invasion, migration, and metastasis. The therapeutic potential of quercetin and curcumin is discussed not only on the basis of their anti-cancer effects, but also with regard to their anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial actions.
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13
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Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis on Molecular Targets and Mechanisms of Bushen Hugu Decoction in the Treatment of Malignant Tumor Bone Metastases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2055900. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/2055900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose. To explore the active compounds of the Chinese medicine prescriptions of Bushen Hugu Decoction (BHD) and demonstrate its mechanisms against malignant tumor bone metastasis (BM) through network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis.Methods. The main components and targets of BHD were retrieved from the TCMSP database, and the targets were normalized by UniProt. The Herbs-Components-Targets network of BHD was established by Cytoscape. The main BM targets were obtained from GeneCards, TTD, DrugBank, and OMIM. STRING and Cytoscape were used to construct a PPI network and obtain hub genes. DAVID and Metascape were used for GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. According to the network topology parameters, the top 4 components were selected for molecular docking verification with the core targets. Results. Compound–target network of BHD mainly contained 51 compounds and 259 corresponding targets including 107 BHD-BM targets. PPI interaction network and subnetworks identified ten hub genes. GO enrichment analysis found 1970 terms (
), and 164 signaling pathways (
) were found in KEGG, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, prostate cancer, MAPK signaling pathway, and IL-17 signaling pathway. Molecular docking analysis showed that the active components of BHD, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and aureusidin have good binding activity to the core targets. Conclusion. The potential molecular target and signaling pathways were found for BHD major active components. It provides guidance for the future mechanism research of the BHD in malignant tumor bone metastasis. This study also established the foundation for the new strategy for the pharmacology study of Chinese medicine.
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Majeed U, Shafi A, Majeed H, Akram K, Liu X, Ye J, Luo Y. Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) phytochemicals and their biochemical protective mechanisms against leading pathologies. Food Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Asgharian P, Tazekand AP, Hosseini K, Forouhandeh H, Ghasemnejad T, Ranjbar M, Hasan M, Kumar M, Beirami SM, Tarhriz V, Soofiyani SR, Kozhamzharova L, Sharifi-Rad J, Calina D, Cho WC. Potential mechanisms of quercetin in cancer prevention: focus on cellular and molecular targets. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:257. [PMID: 35971151 PMCID: PMC9380290 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02677-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few years, the cancer-related disease has had a high mortality rate and incidence worldwide, despite clinical advances in cancer treatment. The drugs used for cancer therapy, have high side effects in addition to the high cost. Subsequently, to reduce these side effects, many studies have suggested the use of natural bioactive compounds. Among these, which have recently attracted the attention of many researchers, quercetin has such properties. Quercetin, a plant flavonoid found in fresh fruits, vegetables and citrus fruits, has anti-cancer properties by inhibiting tumor proliferation, invasion, and tumor metastasis. Several studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer mechanism of quercetin, and these mechanisms are controlled through several signalling pathways within the cancer cell. Pathways involved in this process include apoptotic, p53, NF-κB, MAPK, JAK/STAT, PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. In addition to regulating these pathways, quercetin controls the activity of oncogenic and tumor suppressor ncRNAs. Therefore, in this comprehensive review, we summarized the regulation of these signalling pathways by quercetin. The modulatory role of quercetin in the expression of various miRNAs has also been discussed. Understanding the basic anti-cancer mechanisms of these herbal compounds can help prevent and manage many types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parina Asgharian
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazekand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kamran Hosseini
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Haleh Forouhandeh
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Ghasemnejad
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Ranjbar
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Muzaffar Hasan
- Agro Produce Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, 462038 India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR—Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019 India
| | - Sohrab Minaei Beirami
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit of Sina Educational, Research, and Treatment Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Daniela Calina
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Liu H, Hu Y, Qi B, Yan C, Wang L, Zhang Y, Chen L. Network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate the mechanism of pulsatilla decoction in the treatment of colon cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:940508. [PMID: 36003525 PMCID: PMC9393233 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.940508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Colon cancer is a malignant neoplastic disease that seriously endangers the health of patients. Pulsatilla decoction (PD) has some therapeutic effects on colon cancer. This study is based on the analytical methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking to study the mechanism of PD in the treatment of colon cancer. Methods: Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database, the main targets and active ingredients in PD were filtered, and then, the colon cancer-related targets were screened using Genecards, OMIM, PharmGKB, and Drugbank databases. Then, the screened drug and disease targets were Venn analyzed to obtain the intersection targets. Cytoscape software was used to construct the “Components–Targets–Pathway” map, and the String database was used to analyze the protein interaction network of the intersecting targets and screen the core targets, and then, the core targets were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses. Molecular docking was implemented using AutoDockTools to predict the binding capacity for the core targets and the active components in PD. Results: Sixty-five ingredients containing 188 nonrepetitive targets were screened and 180 potential targets of PD anticolon cancer were identified, including 10 core targets, namely, MAPK1, JUN, AKT1, TP53, TNF, RELA, MAPK14, CXCL8, ESR1, and FOS. The results of GO analysis showed that PD anticolon cancer may be related to cell proliferation, apoptosis, energy metabolism, immune regulation, signal transduction, and other biological processes. The results of KEGG analysis indicated that the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, IL-17 signaling pathway, cellular senescence, and TNF signaling pathway were mainly involved in the regulation of tumor cells. We further selected core targets with high degree values as receptor proteins for molecular docking with the main active ingredients of the drug, including MAPK1, JUN, and AKT1. The docking results showed good affinity, especially quercetin. Conclusion: This study preliminarily verified that PD may exert its effect on the treatment of colon cancer through multi-ingredients, multitargets, and multipathways. This will deepen our understanding of the potential mechanisms of PD anticolon cancer and establish a foundation for further basic experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yuting Hu
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- *Correspondence: Yuting Hu, ; Liang Chen,
| | - Baoyu Qi
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chengqiu Yan
- Anorectal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Anorectal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Yuting Hu, ; Liang Chen,
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17
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Zhao L, Zhao H, Zhao Y, Sui M, Liu J, Li P, Liu N, Zhang K. Role of Ginseng, Quercetin, and Tea in Enhancing Chemotherapeutic Efficacy of Colorectal Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:939424. [PMID: 35795631 PMCID: PMC9252166 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.939424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
As the most common gastrointestinal malignancy, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Although multimodal chemotherapy has effectively improved the prognosis of patients with CRC in recent years, severe chemotherapy-associated side effects and chemoresistance still greatly impair efficacy and limit its clinical application. In response to these challenges, an increasing number of traditional Chinese medicines have been used as synergistic agents for CRC administration. In particular, ginseng, quercetin, and tea, three common dietary supplements, have been shown to possess the potent capacity of enhancing the sensitivity of various chemotherapy drugs and reducing their side effects. Ginseng, also named “the king of herbs”, contains a great variety of anti-cancer compounds, among which ginsenosides are the most abundant and major research objects of various anti-tumor studies. Quercetin is a flavonoid and has been detected in multiple common foods, which possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, especially with stronger anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory effects. As one of the most consumed beverages, tea has become particularly prevalent in both West and East in recent years. Tea and its major extracts, such as catechins and various constituents, were capable of significantly improving life quality and exerting anti-cancer effects both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we mainly focused on the adjunctive effects of the three herbs and their constituents on the chemotherapy process of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Gastroenterology and Center of Digestive Endoscopy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yongqing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingxiu Sui
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- Research Center of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingya Li
- Research Center of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Liu
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Kai Zhang
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18
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Mirazimi SMA, Dashti F, Tobeiha M, Shahini A, Jafari R, Khoddami M, Sheida AH, EsnaAshari P, Aflatoonian AH, Elikaii F, Zakeri MS, Hamblin MR, Aghajani M, Bavarsadkarimi M, Mirzaei H. Application of Quercetin in the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:860209. [PMID: 35462903 PMCID: PMC9019477 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.860209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many cellular signaling pathways contribute to the regulation of cell proliferation, division, motility, and apoptosis. Deregulation of these pathways contributes to tumor cell initiation and tumor progression. Lately, significant attention has been focused on the use of natural products as a promising strategy in cancer treatment. Quercetin is a natural flavonol compound widely present in commonly consumed foods. Quercetin has shown significant inhibitory effects on tumor progression via various mechanisms of action. These include stimulating cell cycle arrest or/and apoptosis as well as its antioxidant properties. Herein, we summarize the therapeutic effects of quercetin in gastrointestinal cancers (pancreatic, gastric, colorectal, esophageal, hepatocellular, and oral).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Dashti
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tobeiha
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Shahini
- Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Raha Jafari
- Department of Medicine, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mehrad Khoddami
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Sheida
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Parastoo EsnaAshari
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Aflatoonian
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fateme Elikaii
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Melika Sadat Zakeri
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Mohammad Aghajani
- Infectious Disease Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Minoodokht Bavarsadkarimi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Mahdiyeh Educational Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Laka K, Makgoo L, Mbita Z. Cholesterol-Lowering Phytochemicals: Targeting the Mevalonate Pathway for Anticancer Interventions. Front Genet 2022; 13:841639. [PMID: 35391801 PMCID: PMC8981032 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.841639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a plethora of cancer causes and the road to fully understanding the carcinogenesis process remains a dream that keeps changing. However, a list of role players that are implicated in the carcinogens process is getting lengthier. Cholesterol is known as bad sterol that is heavily linked with cardiovascular diseases; however, it is also comprehensively associated with carcinogenesis. There is an extensive list of strategies that have been used to lower cholesterol; nevertheless, the need to find better and effective strategies remains vastly important. The role played by cholesterol in the induction of the carcinogenesis process has attracted huge interest in recent years. Phytochemicals can be dubbed as magic tramp cards that humans could exploit for lowering cancer-causing cholesterol. Additionally, the mechanisms that are regulated by phytochemicals can be targeted for anticancer drug development. One of the key role players in cancer development and suppression, Tumour Protein 53 (TP53), is crucial in regulating the biogenesis of cholesterol and is targeted by several phytochemicals. This minireview covers the role of p53 in the mevalonate pathway and how bioactive phytochemicals target the mevalonate pathway and promote p53-dependent anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zukile Mbita
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
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20
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A Comprehensive View on the Quercetin Impact on Colorectal Cancer. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27061873. [PMID: 35335239 PMCID: PMC8953922 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the third type of cancer in incidence and second in mortality worldwide, with the newly diagnosed case number on the rise. Among the diagnosed patients, approximately 70% have no hereditary germ-line mutations or family history of pathology, thus being termed sporadic CRC. Diet and environmental factors are to date considered solely responsible for the development of sporadic CRC; therefore; attention should be directed towards the discovery of preventative actions to combat the CRC initiation, promotion, and progression. Quercetin is a polyphenolic flavonoid plant secondary metabolite with a well-characterized antioxidant activity. It has been extensively reported as an anti-carcinogenic agent in the scientific literature, and the modulated targets of quercetin have been also characterized in the context of CRC, mainly in original research publications. In this fairly comprehensive review, we summarize the molecular targets of quercetin reported to date in in vivo and in vitro CRC models, while also giving background information about the signal transduction pathways that it up- and downregulates. Among the most relevant modulated pathways, the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, MAPK/Erk, JNK, or p38, p53, and NF-κB have been described. With this work, we hope to encourage further quests in the elucidation of quercetin anti-carcinogenic activity as single agent, as dietary component, or as pharmaconutrient delivered in the form of plant extracts.
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Panzeri D, Guidi Nissim W, Labra M, Grassi F. Revisiting the Domestication Process of African Vigna Species (Fabaceae): Background, Perspectives and Challenges. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040532. [PMID: 35214865 PMCID: PMC8879845 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Legumes are one of the most economically important and biodiverse families in plants recognised as the basis to develop functional foods. Among these, the Vigna genus stands out as a good representative because of its relatively recent African origin as well as its outstanding potential. Africa is a great biodiversity centre in which a great number of species are spread, but only three of them, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna subterranea and Vigna vexillata, were successfully domesticated. This review aims at analysing and valorising these species by considering the perspective of human activity and what effects it exerts. For each species, we revised the origin history and gave a focus on where, when and how many times domestication occurred. We provided a brief summary of bioactive compounds naturally occurring in these species that are fundamental for human wellbeing. The great number of wild lineages is a key point to improve landraces since the domestication process caused a loss of gene diversity. Their genomes hide a precious gene pool yet mostly unexplored, and genes lost during human activity can be recovered from the wild lineages and reintroduced in cultivated forms through modern technologies. Finally, we describe how all this information is game-changing to the design of future crops by domesticating de novo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Panzeri
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (W.G.N.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (F.G.)
| | - Werther Guidi Nissim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (W.G.N.); (M.L.)
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Massimo Labra
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (W.G.N.); (M.L.)
| | - Fabrizio Grassi
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milan-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milano, Italy; (W.G.N.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.P.); (F.G.)
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Moon H, Lertpatipanpong P, Hong Y, Kim CT, Baek SJ. Nano-encapsulated quercetin by soluble soybean polysaccharide/chitosan enhances anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidant activities. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Genistein and Temozolomide-Loaded Polymeric Nanoparticles: A Synergistic Approach For Improved Anti-Tumor Efficacy Against Glioblastoma. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Liu ZB, Zhang T, Ye X, Liu ZQ, Sun X, Zhang LL, Wu CJ. Natural substances derived from herbs or plants are promising sources of anticancer agents against colorectal cancer via triggering apoptosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:162-178. [PMID: 34559879 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nowadays, one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers is colorectal cancer (CRC). Chemotherapy is still one of the main methods to treat cancer. However, the currently available synthetic chemotherapy drugs often cause serious adverse reactions. Apoptosis is generally considered as an ideal way for induction the death of tumour cells without the body's inflammatory response, and it is reported that lots of natural agents could trigger various cancer cells to apoptosis. The overarching aim of this project was to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which natural substances induce apoptosis in CRC cells and to be used as an alternative therapeutic option in the future. KEY FINDINGS The mechanisms for the pro-apoptotic effects of natural substances derived from herbs or plants include death receptor pathway, mitochondrial pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway, related signal transduction pathways (PI3K/Akt, MAPK, p53 signalling), and so on. SUMMARY This paper updated this information regarding the anti-tumour effects of natural agents via induction of apoptosis against CRC, which would be beneficial for future new drug research regarding natural products from herbs or plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Bo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xun Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Qi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xue Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Li-Lin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Wang Y, Chen X, Li J, Xia C. Quercetin Antagonizes Esophagus Cancer by Modulating miR-1-3p/TAGLN2 Pathway-Dependent Growth and Metastasis. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:1872-1881. [PMID: 34498538 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1972125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The progression of esophagus cancer (EC) is associated with the alterative expressions of multiple microRNAs (miRs). MiR-1-3p is reported to inhibit the development of EC by targeting TAGLN2. Quercetin (Que) is a natural compound capable of antagonizing esophagus carcinoma (EC). In the current study, the role of miR-1-3p/TAGLN2 axis in the anti-EC function of Que was explored. Human EC cell lines KYSE-510 and TE-7 were treated with Que. Then the effects of Que on the growth and metastasis of EC cells, and on the activity of miR-1-3p/TAGLN2 axis were detected. The interaction between Que and miR-1-3p axis was further assessed by inhibiting miR-1-3p level in EC cells. The results showed that the treatment of Que impaired the growth and induced cell apoptosis in EC cells. The invasive ability of EC cells was also suppressed by Que. At molecular level, the expression of miR-1-3p was induced, while the expression of TAGLN2 was suppressed by Que. Moreover, the anti-EC effects of Que were blocked by miR-1-3p inhibition, which was represented by the restored growth and invasion of EC cells. Collectively, the current study demonstrated that Que exerted inhibitory effects on EC cells by inducing miR-1-3p.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1972125.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyin Wang
- Endoscopy Center, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Joint Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chenmei Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Zhejiang, China
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Sun Y, Li C, Li Z, Shangguan A, Jiang J, Zeng W, Zhang S, He Q. Quercetin as an antiviral agent inhibits the Pseudorabies virus in vitro and in vivo. Virus Res 2021; 305:198556. [PMID: 34492238 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2021.198556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) accounts for a critical swine disease incurring economic losses worldwide. Several PRV vaccines are commercially available but these vaccines are effective against only certain prevalent PRV strains in China. To prevent PRV-induced latent infection and decrease the pathogenicity, novel anti-PRV drugs are required to prevent PRV infection. Natural products show exceptional structural diversity representing an important source for developing novel therapeutic agents. Quercetin is a flavonoid with anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and anti-viral activities. This study involved quercetin for studying the anti-PRV function in vitro and in vivo. Quercetin was found to significantly decrease the PRV virulent strain HNX at a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 2.618 μM and selectivity index 229. This anti-PRV activity of quercetin was found to be dose-dependent. Furthermore, quercetin also inhibited a wide the infections by a spectrum of PRV strains like HNX, Ea, Bartha and Fa strain. These virucidal effects of quercetin suggest the interaction between these molecules and viral particles, and quercetin is responsible for inhibiting the adsorption of PRV infections. The silico assays suggesting that quercetin might interact with the gD-protein on the surface of the PRV important for viral infection. Additional, the quercetin plantar injection protected the mice from the lethal challenge, decreasing the PRV-infected mice's brain viral loads and mortality. These results provides a anti-PRV strategy and contribute to drug discovery and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Chang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Zhonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Aishao Shangguan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Jinhe Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qigai He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China.
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Patra S, Pradhan B, Nayak R, Behera C, Das S, Patra SK, Efferth T, Jena M, Bhutia SK. Dietary polyphenols in chemoprevention and synergistic effect in cancer: Clinical evidences and molecular mechanisms of action. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153554. [PMID: 34371479 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological studies has revealed that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could lower the risk of certain cancers. In this setting, natural polyphenols are potent anticancer bioactive compounds to overcome the non-target specificity, undesirable cytotoxicity and high cost of treatment cancer chemotherapy. PURPOSE The review focuses on diverse classifications of the chemical diversity of dietary polyphenol and their molecular targets, modes of action, as well as preclinical and clinical applications in cancer prevention. RESULTS The dietary polyphenols exhibit chemo-preventive activity through modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle progression, inflammation, invasion and metastasis. Polyphenols possess strong antioxidant activity and control multiple molecular events through activation of tumor suppressor genes and inhibition of oncogenes involved in carcinogenesis. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have evidenced that these dietary phytochemicals regulate critical molecular targets and pathways to limit cancer initiation and progression. Moreover, natural polyphenols act synergistically with existing clinically approved drugs. The improved anticancer activity of combinations of polyphenols and anticancer drugs represents a promising perspective for clinical applications against many human cancers. CONCLUSION The anticancer properties exhibited by dietary polyphenols are mainly attributed to their anti-metastatic, anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, cell cycle arrest, apoptotic and autophagic effects. Hence, regular consumption of dietary polyphenols as food or food additives or adjuvants can be a promising tactic to preclude adjournment or cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srimanta Patra
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Biswajita Pradhan
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Rabindra Nayak
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Chhandashree Behera
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India
| | - Surajit Das
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Samir Kumar Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mrutyunjay Jena
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur-760007, Odisha, India.
| | - Sujit Kumar Bhutia
- Cancer and Cell Death Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India.
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Investigating the Mechanism of Scutellariae barbata Herba in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:3905367. [PMID: 34381520 PMCID: PMC8352706 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3905367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors, which accounts for approximately 10% of all diagnosed cancers and cancer deaths worldwide per year. Scutellariae barbatae Herba (SBH) is one of the most frequently used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of CRC. Although many experiments have been carried out to explain the mechanisms of SBH, the mechanisms of SBH have not been illuminated fully. Thus, we constructed a network pharmacology and molecular docking to investigate the mechanisms of SBH. Methods We adopted active constituent prescreening, target predicting, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, differentially expressed gene analysis, and molecular docking to establish a system pharmacology database of SBH against CRC. Results A total of 64 active constituents of SBH were obtained and 377 targets were predicted, and the result indicated that quercetin, luteolin, wogonin, and apigenin were the main active constituents of SBH. Glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), pPhosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), transcription factor AP-1 (JUN), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1), Myc protooncogene protein (MYC), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), and broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (ABCG2) were the major targets of SBH in the treatment of CRC. GO analysis illustrated that the core biological process regulated by SBH was the regulation of the cell cycle. Thirty pathways were presented and 8 pathways related to CRC were involved. Molecular docking presented the binding details of 3 key targets with 6 active constituents. Conclusions The mechanisms of SBH against CRC depend on the synergistic effect of multiple active constituents, multiple targets, and multiple pathways.
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Colpan RD, Erdemir A. Co-delivery of quercetin and caffeic-acid phenethyl ester by polymeric nanoparticles for improved antitumor efficacy in colon cancer cells. J Microencapsul 2021; 38:381-393. [PMID: 34189998 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2021.1948623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to synthesise quercetin- caffeic-acid phenethyl ester (CAPE)-co-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic-acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (QuCaNP) and investigate their anti-cancer activity on human colorectal carcinoma HT-29 cells. METHODS QuCaNPs were synthesised using single-emulsion (o/w) solvent evaporation method. Particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, in vitro release profile, and surface morphology of QuCaNPs were determined. Cytotoxicity, anti-migration, anti-proliferation and apoptotic activities of QuCaNPs were studied. RESULTS Mean diameter of QuCaNP was 237.8 ± 9.670 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.340 ± 0.027. Encapsulation efficiency was 74.28% (quercetin) and 65.24% (CAPE). Particle size and drug content of QuCaNP remained stable for 30 days at -20 °C. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of QuCaNP-treated HT-29 cells were calculated as 11.2 µg/mL (24 h) and 8.2 µg/mL (48 h). QuCaNP treatment increased mRNA levels of caspase-3 (2.38 fold) and caspase-9 (2-fold) and expressions of key proteins in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway in HT-29 cells. CONCLUSION Overall, our results demonstrated QuCaNPs exhibits improved anti-cancer activity on HT-29 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhan Dilsu Colpan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aysegul Erdemir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Science, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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30
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Sun Q, He M, Zhang M, Zeng S, Chen L, Zhao H, Yang H, Liu M, Ren S, Xu H. Traditional Chinese Medicine and Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Drug Discovery. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685002. [PMID: 34276374 PMCID: PMC8281679 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important part of complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied to treat a host of diseases for centuries. Over the years, with the incidence rate of human colorectal cancer (CRC) increasing continuously and the advantage of TCM gradually becoming more prominent, the importance of TCM in both domestic and international fields is also growing with each passing day. However, the unknowability of active ingredients, effective substances, and the underlying mechanisms of TCM against this malignant tumor greatly restricts the translation degree of clinical products and the pace of precision medicine. In this review, based on the characteristics of TCM and the oral administration of most ingredients, we herein provide beneficial information for the clinical utilization of TCM in the prevention and treatment of CRC and retrospect the current preclinical studies on the related active ingredients, as well as put forward the research mode for the discovery of active ingredients and effective substances in TCM, to provide novel insights into the research and development of innovative agents from this conventional medicine for CRC treatment and assist the realization of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Özgöçmen M, Bayram D, Armağan İ, Türel GY, Sevimli M, Şenol N. Is Quercetin Beneficial for Colon Cancer? A Cell Culture Study, Using the Apoptosis Pathways. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:193-200. [PMID: 34170811 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210624110547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin (QCT) is a dietary flavonoid with many beneficial effects (e.g., antioxidant, antiaging, antidiabetic, antifungal effects, regulation of gastrointestinal motor activity in humans); furthermore, it induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and differentiation. OBJECTIVE The apoptotic effects of OCT were investigated on SW480 human colon cancer cell lines in monolayer and spheroid cultures. METHODS Quercetin (40-200 μM) was applied, and inhibitory concentration (IC50) doses were determined for three-time intervals (24, 48, and 72 h). The effective dose was determined and applied for analyses, including staining with BrdU to investigate cell proliferation, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick, and labeling (TUNEL) to investigate apoptosis, and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Caspase-3 to investigate caspase-dependent or independent apoptotic pathways. RESULTS The effective dose of QCT was determined to be 200 μM and was found to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation at 24, 48, and 72 h, both in 2D and 3D cultures. Significant increases were observed in both caspase-3 and AIF staining, but cells showed greater caspase-3 staining compared with AIF staining at all time intervals (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The QCT treatment groups showed more cell death and less cell growth than the untreated control groups in both 2D and 3D cultures of SW480 cell lines. The results suggest that quercetin induces apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation, and has a protective role against colon cancer. However, further studies are needed to clarify its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meltem Özgöçmen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Dilek Bayram
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - İlkay Armağan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Yavuz Türel
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel Universtiy, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Murat Sevimli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Nurgül Şenol
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Healty Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Yammine A, Namsi A, Vervandier-Fasseur D, Mackrill JJ, Lizard G, Latruffe N. Polyphenols of the Mediterranean Diet and Their Metabolites in the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:3483. [PMID: 34201125 PMCID: PMC8227701 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a central element of a healthy lifestyle, where polyphenols play a key role due to their anti-oxidant properties, and for some of them, as nutripharmacological compounds capable of preventing a number of diseases, including cancer. Due to the high prevalence of intestinal cancer (ranking second in causing morbidity and mortality), this review is focused on the beneficial effects of selected dietary phytophenols, largely present in Mediterranean cooking: apigenin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin-rutine, and resveratrol. The role of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of colorectal cancer and future perspectives are discussed in terms of food polyphenol content, the effectiveness, the plasma level, and the importance of other factors, such as the polyphenol metabolites and the influence of the microbiome. Perspectives are discussed in terms of microbiome-dependency of the brain-second brain axis. The emergence of polyphenol formulations may strengthen the efficiency of the Mediterranean diet in the prevention of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Yammine
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism” (EA7270), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (A.Y.); (A.N.); (G.L.)
| | - Amira Namsi
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism” (EA7270), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (A.Y.); (A.N.); (G.L.)
| | - Dominique Vervandier-Fasseur
- Team OCS, Institute of Molecular Chemistry of University of Burgundy (ICMUB UMR CNRS 6302), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France;
| | - John J. Mackrill
- Department of Physiology, University College Cork, BioScience Institute, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism” (EA7270), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (A.Y.); (A.N.); (G.L.)
| | - Norbert Latruffe
- Team Bio-PeroxIL, “Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism” (EA7270), University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Inserm, 21000 Dijon, France; (A.Y.); (A.N.); (G.L.)
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Safi A, Heidarian E, Ahmadi R. Quercetin Synergistically Enhances the Anticancer Efficacy of Docetaxel through Induction of Apoptosis and Modulation of PI3K/AKT, MAPK/ERK, and JAK/STAT3 Signaling Pathways in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cell Line. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MEDICINE 2021; 10:11-22. [PMID: 34268250 PMCID: PMC8256834 DOI: 10.22088/ijmcm.bums.10.1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Docetaxel is widely used in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. However, its effectiveness is limited due to chemoresistance and its undesirable side effects. The combination of chemotherapeutic agents and natural compounds is an effective strategy to overcome drug resistance and the ensuing inevitable toxicities. Quercetin is a natural flavonoid with strong antioxidant and anticancer activities. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and modulatory effects of combined docetaxel and quercetin on the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line. The cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. The induction of apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry. The role of p53 in the apoptotic process was evaluated via qRT-PCR. The levels of BAX, BCL2, ERK1/2, AKT, and STAT3 proteins were measured by Western blot analysis. The results showed that the single-agent treatment with docetaxel or quercetin leads to a decrease in the viability of the MDA-MB-231 cells at 48 h. Furthermore, the combination of docetaxel (7 nM) and quercetin (95 μM) displayed the greatest synergistic effects with a combination index value of 0.76 accompanied by the up regulation of p53 and a significant increase in BAX level, as well as decrease in the levels of BCL2, pERK1/2, AKT, and STAT3 proteins (P < 0.05). The concomitant use of docetaxel and quercetin leads to the cell growth inhibition associated with the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell survival. Therefore, this study provides a promising therapeutic approach to enhance the efficacy of docetaxel in a less-toxic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Safi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Esfandiar Heidarian
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Reza Ahmadi
- Clinical Biochemistry Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Almatroodi SA, Alsahli MA, Almatroudi A, Verma AK, Aloliqi A, Allemailem KS, Khan AA, Rahmani AH. Potential Therapeutic Targets of Quercetin, a Plant Flavonol, and Its Role in the Therapy of Various Types of Cancer through the Modulation of Various Cell Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051315. [PMID: 33804548 PMCID: PMC7957552 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic flavonoids are considered natural, non-toxic chemopreventers, which are most commonly derived from plants, fruits, and vegetables. Most of these polyphenolics exhibit remarkable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. Quercetin (Qu) is a chief representative of these polyphenolic compounds, which exhibits excellent antioxidant and anticancer potential, and has attracted the attention of researchers working in the area of cancer biology. Qu can regulate numerous tumor-related activities, such as oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cell cycle, tumor necrosis factor, proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The anticancer properties of Qu mainly occur through the modulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), apoptosis, phosphatidyl inositol-3-kinase (P13K)/Akt (proteinase-kinase B)/mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase)/ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu is documented in numerous in vivo and in vitro studies, involving several animal models and cell lines. Remarkably, this phytochemical possesses toxic activities against cancerous cells only, with limited toxic effects on normal cells. In this review, we present extensive research investigations aimed to discuss the therapeutic potential of Qu in the management of different types of cancers. The anticancer potential of Qu is specifically discussed by focusing its ability to target specific molecular signaling, such as p53, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), VEGF, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), PI3K/Akt, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathways. The anticancer potential of Qu has gained remarkable interest, but the exact mechanism of its action remains unclear. However, this natural compound has great pharmacological potential; it is now believed to be a complementary—or alternative—medicine for the prevention and treatment of different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amit Kumar Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 51542, India;
| | - Abdulaziz Aloliqi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Amjad Ali Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51542, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.); (M.A.A.); (A.A.); (K.S.A.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang Y, Hou J, Shi S, Du J, Liu Y, Huang P, Li Q, Liu L, Hu H, Ji Y, Guo L, Shi Y, Liu Y, Cui H. CSN6 promotes melanoma proliferation and metastasis by controlling the UBR5-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of CDK9. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:118. [PMID: 33483464 PMCID: PMC7822921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As a critical subunit of the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN), CSN6 is upregulated in some human cancers and plays critical roles in tumorigenesis and progression, but its biological functions and molecular mechanisms in melanoma remain unknown. Our study showed that CSN6 expression was upregulated in melanoma patients and cells, and correlated with poor survival in melanoma patients. In melanoma cells, CSN6 knockdown remarkably inhibited cell proliferation, tumorigenicity, migration, and invasion, whereas CSN6 recovery rescued the proliferative and metastatic abilities. Notably, we identified that CSN6 stabilized CDK9 expression by reducing CDK9 ubiquitination levels, thereby activating CDK9-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, our study described a novel CSN6-interacting E3 ligase UBR5, which was negatively regulated by CSN6 and could regulate the ubiquitination and degradation of CDK9 in melanoma cells. Furthermore, in CSN6-knockdown melanoma cells, UBR5 knockdown abrogated the effects caused by CSN6 silencing, suggesting that CSN6 activates the UBR5/CDK9 pathway to promote melanoma cell proliferation and metastasis. Thus, this study illustrates the mechanism by which the CSN6-UBR5-CDK9 axis promotes melanoma development, and demonstrate that CSN6 may be a potential biomarker and anticancer target in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianbing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China.,Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Shaomin Shi
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Du
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yudong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China.,Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China.,Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China.,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Lichao Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Huanrong Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China
| | - Yacong Ji
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Leiyang Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yaqiong Shi
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yaling Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, China. .,Cancer center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China. .,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, 400716, Chongqing, China. .,Engineering Research Center for Cancer Biomedical and Translational Medicine, Southwest University, 400716, Chongqing, China.
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Choo J, Heo G, Pothoulakis C, Im E. Posttranslational modifications as therapeutic targets for intestinal disorders. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105412. [PMID: 33412276 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A variety of biological processes are regulated by posttranslational modifications. Posttranslational modifications including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and proteolytic cleavage, control diverse physiological functions in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, a better understanding of their implications in intestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, and colorectal cancer would provide a basis for the identification of novel biomarkers as well as attractive therapeutic targets. Posttranslational modifications can be common denominators, as well as distinct biomarkers, characterizing pathological differences of various intestinal diseases. This review provides experimental evidence that identifies changes in posttranslational modifications from patient samples, primary cells, or cell lines in intestinal disorders, and a summary of carefully selected information on the use of pharmacological modulators of protein modifications as therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Choo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwangbeom Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Charalabos Pothoulakis
- Section of Inflammatory Bowel Disease & Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Eunok Im
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Syed Najmuddin SUF, Amin ZM, Tan SW, Yeap SK, Kalyanasundram J, Veerakumarasivam A, Chan SC, Chia SL, Yusoff K, Alitheen NB. Oncolytic effects of the recombinant Newcastle disease virus, rAF-IL12, against colon cancer cells in vitro and in tumor-challenged NCr-Foxn1nu nude mice. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9761. [PMID: 33354412 PMCID: PMC7731658 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer remains one of the main cancers causing death in men and women worldwide as certain colon cancer subtypes are resistant to conventional treatments and the development of new cancer therapies remains elusive. Alternative modalities such as the use of viral-based therapeutic cancer vaccine is still limited, with only the herpes simplex virus (HSV) expressing granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or talimogene laherparepvec (T-Vec) being approved in the USA and Europe so far. Therefore, it is imperative to continue the search for a new treatment modality. This current study evaluates a combinatorial therapy between the oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) cytokine as a potential therapeutic vaccine to the current anti-cancer drugs. Several in vitro analyses such as MTT assay, Annexin V/FITC flow cytometry, and cell cycle assay were performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity effect of recombinant NDV, rAF-IL12. Meanwhile, serum cytokine, serum biochemical, histopathology of organs and TUNEL assay were carried out to assess the anti-tumoral effects of rAF-IL12 in HT29 tumor-challenged nude mice. The apoptosis mechanism underlying the effect of rAF-IL12 treatment was also investigated using NanoString Gene expression analysis. The recombinant NDV, rAF-IL12 replicated in HT29 colon cancer cells as did its parental virus, AF2240-i. The rAF-IL12 treatment had slightly better cytotoxicity effects towards HT29 cancer cells when compared to the AF2240-i as revealed by the MTT, Annexin V FITC and cell cycle assay. Meanwhile, the 28-day treatment with rAF-IL12 had significantly (p < 0.05) perturbed the growth and progression of HT29 tumor in NCr-Foxn1nu nude mice when compared to the untreated and parental wild-type NDV strain AF2240-i. The rAF-IL12 also modulated the immune system in nude mice by significantly (p < 0.05) increased the level of IL-2, IL-12, and IFN-γ cytokines. Treatment with rAF-IL12 had also significantly (p < 0.05) increased the expression level of apoptosis-related genes such as Fas, caspase-8, BID, BAX, Smad3 and granzyme B in vitro and in vivo. Besides, rAF-IL12 intra-tumoral delivery was considered safe and was not hazardous to the host as evidenced in pathophysiology of the normal tissues and organs of the mice as well as from the serum biochemistry profile of liver and kidney. Therefore, this study proves that rAF-IL12 had better cytotoxicity effects than its parental AF2240-i and could potentially be an ideal treatment for colon cancer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahiah Mohamed Amin
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sheau Wei Tan
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Suet Lin Chia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Khatijah Yusoff
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Malaysian Genome Institute, National Institute of Biotechnology Malaysia, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Noorjahan Banu Alitheen
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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38
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Wang W, Ning J, He Y, Zhai L, Xiang F, Yao L, Ye L, Wu L, Ji T, Tang Z. Unveiling the mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers based on network pharmacology. Eur J Integr Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2020.101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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39
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Cid-Gallegos MS, Sánchez-Chino XM, Juárez Chairez MF, Álvarez González I, Madrigal-Bujaidar E, Jiménez-Martínez C. Anticarcinogenic Activity of Phenolic Compounds from Sprouted Legumes. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1840581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Stephanie Cid-Gallegos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Xariss M. Sánchez-Chino
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Departamento de Salud, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur-Villahermosa, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Milagros Faridy Juárez Chairez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Isela Álvarez González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristian Jiménez-Martínez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Mexico City, Mexico
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40
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Lu Y, Sun J, Hu M, Kong X, Zhong W, Li C. Network Pharmacology Analysis to Uncover the Potential Mechanisms of Lycium barbarum on Colorectal Cancer. Interdiscip Sci 2020; 12:515-525. [PMID: 33048277 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-020-00397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that extracts from Lycium barbarum exerted protective effects against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. We used the network pharmacology method to determine the effects of L. barbarum on CRC and to predict core targets, biological functions, pathways, and mechanisms of action. METHOD We obtained the active compounds and their targets in L. barbarum via use of the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database (TCMSP), gathered the CRC targets from Malacards, TTD, GeneCards, and DisGeNET, and chosen the overlapped targets as the candidate targets. After protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, 20 with the highest node degree were selected as the core targets, and their enrichment and pathways were analyzed. Furthermore, we employed iGEMDOCK to validate the compound-target relation. RESULT Eventually, 103 overlapped targets were chosen as the candidate targets. Targets with the top 20 highest node degree were selected as the core targets. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that the core targets were enriched in cell proliferation regulation, extracellular space, cytokine receptor binding, and so on. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis proved that the core targets were significantly enriched in bladder cancer, pathways in cancer. The docking results demonstrated that beta-sitosterol, glycitein, and quercetin had good binding activity to CRC putative targets. CONCLUSION Our work successfully predicted the functioning ingredients and potential targets of L. barbarum in CRC and illustrated the potential pathways and mechanisms comprehensively. Nevertheless, these results still call for in vitro and in vivo experiments to validate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minhui Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianhe Kong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijie Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chujun Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 26 Yuancun Erheng Road, Guangzhou, 510655, People's Republic of China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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41
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Xu M, Zhen L, Lin L, Wu K, Wang Y, Cai X. Overexpression of CSN6 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and predicts poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2020; 44:340-348. [PMID: 31422034 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM CSN6, as a critical subunit of the constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN), has been previously reported to be increased in various cancers; however, its effect in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown, which is the aim of present study, in terms of its explore the expression and role of CSN6 in HCC. METHODS QRT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were used to examine the expression of CSN6. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to investigate the clinical and prognostic significance of CSN6 expression in HCC patients. Furthermore, the biological function of CSN6 on HCC cell proliferation and migration was investigated through CCK-8, transwell migration and invasion assays. Besides, the associations between CSN6 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were determined. RESULTS CSN6 was increased in HCC tissues, and its overexpression was found to be associated with a poor prognoses for HCC patients. Overexpression of CSN6 promoted processes of HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, while these processes were inhibited when CSN6 was silenced. Additionally, CSN6 was found to promote EMT by inhibiting E-cadherin, which were significantly mitigated via upregulation of Snail as a result of MEK/ERK pathway activation. CONCLUSIONS CSN6 up-regulation may play a contributory role in HCC metastasis and poor prognosis via activation of EMT, and may serve as an independent predictor for HCC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 233000 Bengbu, China
| | - Lonbo Zhen
- Department of general surgery, the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liumei Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, 310016 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, 310016 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, 310016 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiujun Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 3 East Qingchun Road, 310016 Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China..
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Mao Z, Chen C, Pei DS. The Emerging Role of CSN6 in Biological Behavior and Cancer Progress. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 19:1198-1204. [PMID: 30961513 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190408142131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Constitutive Photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome (CSN) subunit 6 (CSN6) noticeably acts as a regulator of the degradation of cancer-related proteins, which contributes to cancerogenesis. The aims of this paper are to expound the research advances of CSN6, particularly focusing on roles of CSN6 in the regulation of biological behavior and cancer progress. METHODS Literature from PubMed and Web of Science databases about biological characteristics and application of CSN6 published in recent years was collected to conduct a review. RESULTS CSN6, not only the non-catalytic Mpr1p and Pad1p N-terminal (MPN) subunit of CSN, but also a relatively independent protein molecule, has received great attention as a regulator of a wide range of developmental processes by taking part in the ubiquitin-proteasome system and signal transduction, as well as regulating genome integrity and DNA damage response. In addition, phosphorylation of CSN6 increases the stability of CSN6, thereby promoting its regulatory capacity. Moreover, CSN6 is overexpressed in many types of cancer compared with normal tissues and is involved in the regulation of several important intracellular pathways, consisting of cell proliferation, migration, invasion, transformation, and tumorigenesis. CONCLUSION We mainly present insights into the function and research development of CSN6, hoping that it can help guide the treatment of developmental defects and improve clinical care, especially in the regulation of cancer signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zun Mao
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Pei
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tong-shan Road, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu, China
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Hou J, Cui H. CSN6: a promising target for cancer prevention and therapy. Histol Histopathol 2020; 35:645-652. [PMID: 32016946 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
CSN6 has recently received increased attention as a multifunctional protein involved in protein stability. CSN6 plays an important role in controlling cellular proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis, modulating signal transduction, as well as regulating DNA damage and repair. Most studies have demonstrated that CSN6 is significantly upregulated in human malignant tumors such as cervical cancer, papillary thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, and glioblastoma, and its expression is usually correlated with poor prognosis. In this review, we summarize recent available findings regarding the oncogenic role of CSN6 in tumors, and provide a better understanding of CSN6 function at the molecular level and its potential therapeutic implications in combating human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- Cancer Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Silk Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Chongqing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Biology and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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Bose P, Priyam A, Kar R, Pattanayak SP. Quercetin loaded folate targeted plasmonic silver nanoparticles for light activated chemo-photothermal therapy of DMBA induced breast cancer in Sprague Dawley rats. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31961-31978. [PMID: 35518142 PMCID: PMC9056571 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05793b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel plasmonic (>800 nm) pentagonal QRC-FA-AgNPs synthesized through simple chemical technique induces light activated combined chemo-photothermal efficacy against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Bose
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology
- Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi-835215
- India
| | - Amiya Priyam
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences
- Central University of South Bihar
- Gaya 824236
- India
| | - Rajiv Kar
- Fritz Haber Centre for Molecular Dynamic Research
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem
- Israel
| | - Shakti P. Pattanayak
- Division of Advanced Pharmacology
- Department of Pharm. Sciences & Technology
- Birla Institute of Technology
- Ranchi-835215
- India
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Safety Assessment of Methanol Extract of Melastoma malabathricum L. Leaves following the Subacute and Subchronic Oral Consumptions in Rats and Its Cytotoxic Effect against the HT29 Cancer Cell Line. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5207958. [PMID: 31885651 PMCID: PMC6899264 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5207958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methanol extract of Melastoma malabathricum (MEMM) has been traditionally used by the Malay to treat various ailments. In an attempt to develop the plant as an herbal product, MEMM was subjected to the subacute and subchronic toxicity and cytotoxicity studies. On the one hand, the subacute study was performed on three groups of male and three groups of female rats (n = 6), which were orally administered with 8% Tween 80 (vehicle control group) or MEMM (500 and 1000 mg/kg) daily for 28 days, respectively. On the other hand, the subchronic study was performed on four groups of rats (n = 6), which were orally administered with 8% Tween 80 (vehicle control group) or MEMM (50, 250, and 500 mg/kg) daily for 90 days, respectively. In the in vitro study, the cytotoxic effect of MEMM against the HT29 colon cancer cell line was assessed using the MTT assay. MEMM was also subjected to the UHPLC-ESI-HRMS analysis. The results demonstrated that MEMM administration did not cause any mortality, irregularity of behaviour, modification in body weight, as well as food and water intake following the subacute and subchronic oral treatment. There were no significant differences observed in haematological parameters between treatment and control groups in both studies, respectively. The in vitro study demonstrated that MEMM exerts a cytotoxic effect against the HT29 colon cancer cell line when observed under the inverted and phase-contrast microscope and confirmed by the acridine orange/propidium iodide (AOPI) staining. The UHPLC-ESI-HRMS analysis of MEMM demonstrated the occurrence of several compounds including quercetin, p-coumaric acid, procyanidin A, and epigallocatechin. In conclusion, M. malabathricum leaves are safe for oral consumption either at the subacute or subchronic levels and possess cytotoxic action against the HT29 colon cancer cells possibly due to the synergistic action of several flavonoid-based compounds.
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Teixeira-Guedes CI, Oppolzer D, Barros AI, Pereira-Wilson C. Phenolic rich extracts from cowpea sprouts decrease cell proliferation and enhance 5-fluorouracil effect in human colorectal cancer cell lines. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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47
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El‐kott AF, Al‐kahtani MA, Shati AA. Calycosin induces apoptosis in adenocarcinoma
HT
29 cells by inducing cytotoxic autophagy mediated by
SIRT
1/
AMPK
‐induced inhibition of Akt/
mTOR. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 46:944-954. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Attalla Farag El‐kott
- Biology Department College of Science King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
- Zoology Department College of Science Damanhour University Damanhour Egypt
| | | | - Ali A. Shati
- Biology Department College of Science King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia
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48
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Zhang Z, Li B, Xu P, Yang B. Integrated Whole Transcriptome Profiling and Bioinformatics Analysis for Revealing Regulatory Pathways Associated With Quercetin-Induced Apoptosis in HCT-116 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:798. [PMID: 31379573 PMCID: PMC6651514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE) is a bioactive component that belongs to the natural flavonoids group, and recent researchers found that it could prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact mechanism by which QUE exerts its anti-tumor effects in CRC remains unclear. In this study, MTS assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the anti-tumor effects of QUE on HCT-116 cells. The results showed that QUE could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, whole transcriptome sequencing was employed to establish the microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and mRNA profiles. A total of 240 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 131 circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), 83 miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and 1415 mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified in the QUE-treated HCT-116 cells compared to the untreated HCT-116 cells. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression of selected circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to further investigate RNAs' biological functions and potential mechanisms. Based on the theory of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed to illustrate the regulatory relationship between non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and mRNA. Our results provided novel information about the molecular basis of QUE in treating CRC. Our findings indicated that deep RNA sequencing analysis of mRNA and ncRNAs was a promising approach to research anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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49
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Shi J, Guan X, Zhan F, Liu C, Li Z, Yao Y, Wang B, Lou C, Zhang Y. CSN6 expression is associated with pancreatic cancer progression and predicts poor prognosis. Cancer Biol Ther 2019; 20:1290-1299. [PMID: 31311398 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2019.1632143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome 6 (CSN6) plays an essential role in tumor development. The present study aims to demonstrate that CSN6 is an important biomarker and has prognostic value for patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We analyzed CSN6 expression levels in PDAC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis. We found that CSN6 was highly expressed in PDAC tissues, contrasting to adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Interestingly, CSN6 expression was positively associated with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression. Further investigation indicated that CSN6 knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation of PDAC cells and decreased the expression levels of PCNA, while CSN6 overexpression increased the proliferation, as well as the expression levels of PCNA in PDAC cells. Furthermore, a χ2 test indicated that the expression of CSN6 in PDAC tissues was markedly associated with tumor infiltration and serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels. In addition, univariate and multivariate analyses showed that CSN6 levels were significantly correlated with poor clinical outcomes of patients with PDAC. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with high expression of CSN6 had shorter overall survival. These results suggest that the expression of CSN6 correlates with the progression of PDAC, resulting in poor prognosis. Thus, CSN6 may play a significant role in the development of PDAC and is a potential target to prevent and treat PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Shi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Fei Zhan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China
| | - Yuanfei Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Bojun Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
| | - Changjie Lou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital , Harbin , Heilongjiang Province , P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Research and Cooperation Center of Northern China, Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Harbin , P. R. China
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50
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Wu L, Li J, Liu T, Li S, Feng J, Yu Q, Zhang J, Chen J, Zhou Y, Ji J, Chen K, Mao Y, Wang F, Dai W, Fan X, Wu J, Guo C. Quercetin shows anti-tumor effect in hepatocellular carcinoma LM3 cells by abrogating JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4806-4820. [PMID: 31273958 PMCID: PMC6712453 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hepatocellular carcinima is one of the most common tumors in clinic and also one of the leading causes of death from cancer worldwide. Quercetin shows significant effects on blocking the development of various cancers. Methods We used the human hepatocellular carcinoma LM3 and nude mice tumor model to assess the effects of quercetin in hepatocellular carcinoma and clarify its mechanism of action. We collected LM3 cell line treated with different doses of quercetin at different time periods and determined the vital indexes. The liver tissues of mice were collected and used for western boltting (WB), Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and TUNEL staining. Results Results indicated that quercetin suppressed the Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) growth both in vivo and in vitro. Quercetin could disturb LM3 cells proliferation and cell cycle distribution, thus inducing apoptosis. At the same time, quercetin inhibited LM3 cells migration and invasion and promoted HCC autophagy. These effects at least partly depended on the down‐regulation of the activation of JAK2 and STAT3 by quercetin. Conclusion Quercetin inhibited hepatocellular carcinoma progression by modulating cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and autophagy; and its effects were at least partly related with the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sainan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Tenth Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqing Mao
- Department of Gerontology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiqi Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Institute of Liver Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoming Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Jinshan, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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