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Vinod Prabhu V, Elangovan P, Niranjali Devaraj S, Sakthivel KM. Targeting NF-κB mediated cell signaling pathway and inflammatory mediators by 1,2-diazole in A549 cells in vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 29:e00594. [PMID: 33598414 PMCID: PMC7868824 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
1,2-Diazole suppresses TNF-α induced MMP-2 expression. 1,2-Diazole abrogate NF-κB activation and regulate cytokines. It exhibits potent in vitro anticancer effect against A549 cells.
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths globally. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of 1,2-diazole (pyrazole) as an anti-cancer drug on human non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells. We attempt to examine the expression level of pro-inflammatory proteins such as TNF-α, NF-κB-p65, MMP-2 and E-Cadherin which are commonly associated with an inflammatory response in epithelial cells and apoptosis in A549 cells. The LPS-induced cytokines and inflammatory mediators include TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS and COX-2 levels in A549 cells and the effect of pyrazole was studied. The present study reveals that, pyrazole inhibits A549 cells by suppressing TNF-α induced MMP-2 expression, thereby inhibiting the nuclear translocation of NF-κB-p65. Pyrazole significantly up-regulate the E-cadherin level and down-regulated MMP-2 expression that could probably preventing A549 cancer cells to invade. The study further substantiated the anti-cancer property of pyrazole by regulating the above mentioned level of LPS-induced cytokines and inflammatory mediators. The observations of the present study open a possibility for the development of an effective therapeutic agent that targets inflammatory and signaling pathway mediators to challenge human non-small cell lung carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Vinod Prabhu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Perumal Elangovan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India
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Hou R, Wang YW, Liang HF, Zhang ZG, Liu ZM, Zhang BH, Zhang BX, Chen XP. Animal and cellular models of hepatocellular carcinoma bone metastasis: establishment and characterisation. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2015; 141:1931-43. [PMID: 25820528 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-015-1958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increasingly high occurrence of bone metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients highlights the importance of fundamental research on HCC bone metastasis, which has been limited in its success due to the lack of a model system. PURPOSE Establishment of animal and cellular models of HCC bone metastasis and discovery of HCC bone metastasis-related genes. METHODS Luciferase-transfected HCC cell lines HCCLM3, MHCC97H, and SMMC-7721 were used to inoculate nude mice intracardially. Formation of bone metastases was examined by bioluminescence imaging, SPECT, and pathology study. Metastatic cells in bone were isolated and subcultured. Differences between bone metastatic cells and their parental cells were studied by in vitro/in vivo assays. RESULTS Mouse model of HCC bone metastasis was successfully established. Injected tumour cells formed metastases in the skull, the spine, the hind limbs, and the sternum, causing osteolytic lesions via act of MMP-1 and recruitment of osteoclasts. Four bone metastatic cell lines were extracted from HCCLM3-inoculated mice and were demonstrated to exhibit a much stronger ability to form bone metastases as well as other phenotypes, including enhanced in vitro migration/invasion and colony formation. Moreover, the expression of PTHrP, MMP-1, and CTGF was significantly elevated in bone metastatic cells compared to parental HCC cells. CONCLUSION The nude mouse model and bone metastatic cell lines together provide an effective simulation of HCC bone metastasis. This model system will become powerful tool with which to explore the mechanisms and therapies of HCC bone metastasis. Additionally, PTHrP, MMP-1, and CTGF are candidate genes related to HCC bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Hou
- Department of Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Wei Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhan-Guo Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Zhi-Min Liu
- Department of Surgery, Sixth Subsidiary Sun Yat-sen University Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin-Hao Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Bi-Xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Sueoka-Aragane N, Sato A, Kobayashi N, Ide M, Yokoo M, Nagano Y, Sueoka E, Okada S, Kimura S. Correlation between plasma DNA and tumor status in an animal model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111881. [PMID: 25462870 PMCID: PMC4251827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Overcoming metastasis is one of the most important issues with lung cancer. Since metastasis arises through complex steps, a suitable animal model is indispensable for investigation of metastasis. To establish an animal model reflecting human metastatic lung cancers, we used NOD/SCID/Jak3null (NOJ) mice, which exhibit deficiencies in NK cell activity, macrophage and dendritic cell function, and complement activation, as well as T and B cell deficiencies. After screening twenty human lung cancer cell lines through expression patterns of E-cadherin and vimentin according to epithelial mesenchymal transition features, an H1975 cell line carrying EGFR mutations, L858R and T790M, was selected for investigation. Inoculation of the cells into the dorsal flanks caused systemic metastases after one month in lymph nodes, liver, lung, and peritoneum, suggesting that metastases occurred both lymphogenically and hematogenously. We confirmed the existence of H1975 cells in metastatic lesions by detection of T790M and L858R using the mutation-biased PCR and quenching probe (MBP-QP) system previously established in our laboratory. In addition, tumor-derived plasma DNA could be detected using the MBP-QP method. The amount of tumor-derived DNA was associated with tumor volume, whereas an unrelated large amount of tumor-derived DNA was circulating in the presence of metastasis. We present a novel animal model with systemic metastasis with human lung cancer cells. The amount of tumor derived DNA would be related with tumor volume and tumor progression such as metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Sueoka-Aragane
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Akemi Sato
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Naomi Kobayashi
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masaru Ide
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masako Yokoo
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yumi Nagano
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Eisaburo Sueoka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
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Emerging lung cancer therapeutic targets based on the pathogenesis of bone metastases. Int J Cell Biol 2014; 2014:236246. [PMID: 25197279 PMCID: PMC4147348 DOI: 10.1155/2014/236246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer related mortality in both men and women. Each year, more people die of lung cancer than of colon, breast, and prostate cancers combined. It is widely accepted that tumor metastasis is a formidable barrier to effective treatment of lung cancer. The bone is one of the frequent metastatic sites for lung cancer occurring in a large number of patients. Bone metastases can cause a wide range of symptoms that could impair quality of life of lung cancer patients and shorten their survival. We strongly believe that molecular targets (tumor-related and bone microenvironment based) that have been implicated in lung cancer bone metastases hold great promise in lung cancer therapeutics. Thus, this paper discusses some of the emerging molecular targets that have provided insights into the cascade of metastases in lung cancer with the focus on bone invasion. It is anticipated that the information gathered might be useful in future efforts of optimizing lung cancer treatment strategies.
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Maykel J, Liu JH, Li H, Shultz LD, Greiner DL, Houghton J. NOD-scidIl2rg (tm1Wjl) and NOD-Rag1 (null) Il2rg (tm1Wjl) : a model for stromal cell-tumor cell interaction for human colon cancer. Dig Dis Sci 2014; 59:1169-79. [PMID: 24798995 PMCID: PMC4032472 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-014-3168-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Stromal cells and the extracellular environment are vital to human tumors, influencing growth and response to therapy. Human tumor cell lines lack stroma and transplantation into immunodeficient mice does not allow meaningful analyses of the effects of stroma on tumor cell growth. Studies of xenografts of primary human tumor fragments in nude mice and in early scid mouse models were constrained by poor tumor growth accompanied by host-versus-graft reactivity, dramatically altering tumor architecture and tumor microenvironment. In contrast, severely immunodeficient NOD-scid and NOD-Rag1 (null) strains carrying the IL2rg (null) mutation (NSG and NRG) support the growth of many types of human primary tumors. METHODS/RESULTS We compared the take rate, growth and architectural preservation of 10 clinically distinct primary human colon cancers in NOD-scid, NOD-Rag1 (null) , NSG and NRG mice and determined the contribution of mouse and human cells to the stroma during tumor proliferation and expansion in secondary hosts and tumor response to treatment with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). NSG and NRG mice more readily support growth of human primary colon tumor fragments than do NOD-scid, NOD-Rag1 (null) mice and maintain tumor architectural integrity in the primary recipient and through subsequent transplant generations. The human colon tumors were responsive to treatment with 5-FU. Human stromal cells in the primary graft were replaced by mouse-derived fibroblasts in a dynamic process during subsequent passages. CONCLUSION Human colon cancer xenografts propagated in NSG and NRG mice maintain structural fidelity while replacing human stromal cells with murine stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Maykel
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, UMass Memorial Health Care System, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Jian Hua Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, LRB Second Floor-209, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01635 USA
| | - Hanchen Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, LRB Second Floor-209, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01635 USA
| | | | - Dale L. Greiner
- Program in Molecular Medicine, Diabetes Center of Excellence, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - JeanMarie Houghton
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, LRB Second Floor-209, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01635 USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
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