1
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Hurník P, Režnarová J, Chyra Z, Motyka O, Putnová BM, Čermáková Z, Blažek T, Fománek M, Gaykalova D, Buchtová M, Ševčíková T, Štembírek J. Enhancing oral squamous cell carcinoma prediction: the prognostic power of the worst pattern of invasion and the limited impact of molecular resection margins. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1287650. [PMID: 38188288 PMCID: PMC10766711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1287650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) originates from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. Almost half of newly diagnosed cases are classified as advanced stage IV disease, which makes resection difficult. In this study, we investigated the pathological features and mutation profiles of tumor margins in OSCC. Methods We performed hierarchical clustering of principal components to identify distinct patterns of tumor growth and their association with patient prognosis. We also used next-generation sequencing to analyze somatic mutations in tumor and marginal tissue samples. Results Our analyses uncovered that the grade of worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) is strongly associated with depth of invasion and patient survival in multivariable analysis. Mutations were primarily detected in the DNA isolated from tumors, but several mutations were also identified in marginal tissue. In total, we uncovered 29 mutated genes, mainly tumor suppressor genes involved in DNA repair including BRCA genes; however none of these mutations significantly correlated with a higher chance of relapse in our medium-size cohort. Some resection margins that appeared histologically normal harbored tumorigenic mutations in TP53 and CDKN2A genes. Conclusion Even histologically normal margins may contain molecular alterations that are not detectable by conventional histopathological methods, but NCCN classification system still outperforms other methods in the prediction of the probability of disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hurník
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Režnarová
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Chyra
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Oldřich Motyka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Barbora Moldovan Putnová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Čermáková
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Blažek
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Martin Fománek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Daria Gaykalova
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Jan Štembírek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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Domen A, Deben C, Verswyvel J, Flieswasser T, Prenen H, Peeters M, Lardon F, Wouters A. Cellular senescence in cancer: clinical detection and prognostic implications. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:360. [PMID: 36575462 PMCID: PMC9793681 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell-cycle arrest with secretory features in response to cellular stress. Historically, it has been considered as an endogenous evolutionary homeostatic mechanism to eliminate damaged cells, including damaged cells which are at risk of malignant transformation, thereby protecting against cancer. However, accumulation of senescent cells can cause long-term detrimental effects, mainly through the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, and paradoxically contribute to age-related diseases including cancer. Besides its role as tumor suppressor, cellular senescence is increasingly being recognized as an in vivo response in cancer patients to various anticancer therapies. Its role in cancer is ambiguous and even controversial, and senescence has recently been promoted as an emerging hallmark of cancer because of its hallmark-promoting capabilities. In addition, the prognostic implications of cellular senescence have been underappreciated due to the challenging detection and sparse in and ex vivo evidence of cellular senescence in cancer patients, which is only now catching up. In this review, we highlight the approaches and current challenges of in and ex vivo detection of cellular senescence in cancer patients, and we discuss the prognostic implications of cellular senescence based on in and ex vivo evidence in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Domen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium.
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium.
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Jasper Verswyvel
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Tal Flieswasser
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Hans Prenen
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650, Edegem (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Filip Lardon
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - An Wouters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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Zhou LQ, Hu Y, Xiao HJ. The prognostic significance of survivin expression in patients with HNSCC: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:424. [PMID: 33863308 PMCID: PMC8052826 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08170-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survivin has been recently identified as a promising novel therapeutic target and prognostic marker in different types of cancer. Here we conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to better clarify they the precise prognostic and diagnostic value of survivin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Methods Database of PubMed (Medline), Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched for related published literature up to September 2020. Pooled hazards ratios (HR) and related 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the association of survivin expression and survival outcomes in HNSCC patients. Results Twenty eight studies with 4891 patients were finally included in this meta-analysis, the pooled analysis indicated that the survivin expression was significantly correlated with poorer overall survival (OS) (HR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.65–2.47, P < 0.001), and poorer disease-free survival (DFS)/ disease-specific survival (DSS) (HR = 2.03, 95%CI: 1.64–2.52, P < 0.001; HR = 1.92, 95%CI: 1.41–2.60, P < 0.001, receptively). Similar results were observed in subgroup analysis stratified by different cancer types, such as laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) (HR = 1.35, 95%CI: 1.05–1.74, P < 0.001), oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) (HR = 2.45, 95%CI: 1.89–3.17, P < 0.001), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) (HR = 2.53, 95%CI: 1.76–3.62, P < 0.001) and HNSCC (HR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.25–1.86, P < 0.001). Furthermore, ethnicity-stratified analysis indicated that survivin was significantly associated with poorer OS among both Asian and Non- Asian HNSCC patients (HR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.76–2.66; HR = 1.56, 95%CI: 1.33–1.82, respectively). Conclusions Our results suggested that survivin is predictors of worse prognosis in HNSCC patients. Hence, survivin is a potential therapeutic target for HNSCC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08170-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Qing Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Ongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Hong-Jun Xiao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Union Hospital, Ongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Yip HYK, Papa A. Signaling Pathways in Cancer: Therapeutic Targets, Combinatorial Treatments, and New Developments. Cells 2021; 10:659. [PMID: 33809714 PMCID: PMC8002322 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular alterations in cancer genes and associated signaling pathways are used to inform new treatments for precision medicine in cancer. Small molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies directed at relevant cancer-related proteins have been instrumental in delivering successful treatments of some blood malignancies (e.g., imatinib with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)) and solid tumors (e.g., tamoxifen with ER positive breast cancer and trastuzumab for HER2-positive breast cancer). However, inherent limitations such as drug toxicity, as well as acquisition of de novo or acquired mechanisms of resistance, still cause treatment failure. Here we provide an up-to-date review of the successes and limitations of current targeted therapies for cancer treatment and highlight how recent technological advances have provided a new level of understanding of the molecular complexity underpinning resistance to cancer therapies. We also raise three basic questions concerning cancer drug discovery based on molecular markers and alterations of selected signaling pathways, and further discuss how combination therapies may become the preferable approach over monotherapy for cancer treatments. Finally, we consider novel therapeutic developments that may complement drug delivery and significantly improve clinical response and outcomes of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonella Papa
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia;
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Yang K, Chen Y, Cui Z, Chen H, Yang L, Zhao J, Luo F, Man S, Zhao J, Jin L. MicroRNA-222-3p participates in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting CDKN1B. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:621-629. [PMID: 31841247 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the potential role and regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miR)-222-3p in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS The expression level and prognostic significance of miR-222-3p was detected in OSCC tissues. CCK-8, transwell, and flow cytometry assays were used to explore the effect of miR-222-3p on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. The influence of miR-222-3p on cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B) expression was evaluated by luciferase assays, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot. RESULTS We found that miR-222-3p was overexpressed in OSCC tissues, comparing with normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that OSCC patients with high expression of miR-222-3p (P = .003) showed worse overall survival than those patients with low expression of miR-222-3p. Multivariate analysis showed that miR-222-3p (P = .037) expression was an independent prognostic factor of OSCC patients. miR-222-3p promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion and induced the apoptosis of SCC-15 and Tca-83 cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays indicated that CDKN1B is targeted by miR-222-3p in OSCC cells. Overexpression of CDKN1B inhibited OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted cell apoptosis rate. CONCLUSIONS miR-222-3p affects OSCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis through targeting CDKN1B, and may be a potential prognostic biomarker for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaicheng Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yanping Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zifeng Cui
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - He Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianguang Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengyu Luo
- Department of Stomatology, People's Hospital of Lingshou County, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shasha Man
- Department of Stomatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jianghui Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Handan First Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Lingyu Jin
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of HeBei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Pérez-Sayáns M, Chamorro-Petronacci CM, Lorenzo-Pouso AI, Peñaranda JMS, López-López J, Blanco-Carrión A, García-García A. Integrative analysis of gene alterations and immunoexpression profiles of cell cycle checkpoints in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2019; 27:95-103. [PMID: 31683463 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 95% of all cancers of the head and neck region. The five-year survival rate of OSCC patients is about 60% and has not gone throw significant improvements despite recent advances in molecular biology, or the identification of key pathways in its pathophysiology such as cell cycle. OBJECTIVE 1) to analyse the inmunoexpression of cell cycle checkpoints (CPs) in an OSCC institutional cohort and to relate it to clinicopathological features and survival, and 2) to study CPs-related genes in the OSCC subset of the TCGA database. METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for p16INK4a, p21CIP1, cyclin D1 and p27KIP1 protein expression was quantified by tissue microarray analysis in 68 samples from OSCC patients. In order to analyse its correlation with genetic information, a cohort belonging to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was analysed. RESULTS Of 68 patients, 34 (50%) developed recurrence, and 36 (52.09%) died as a result of disease progression (mean survival 34.09 months). IHC staining for nuclear cyclin D1 was associated with worse staging and tobacco use. p16INK4a, p21CIP1, cyclin D1, and p27KIP1 expression was unrelated to overall survival. No statistically significant correlation linked the CPs-related genes mutations to OSCC overall survival in the TCGA database. CONCLUSIONS CPs variations at a phenotype and genotype level seem not to affect significantly clinicopathological features and survival in the studied OSCC cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Foundation of Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cintia M Chamorro-Petronacci
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Foundation of Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Alejandro I Lorenzo-Pouso
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Foundation of Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José M Suárez Peñaranda
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Forensic Sciences, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José López-López
- Department of Odontostomatology, Medicine and Health Sciences (School of Dentistry), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Blanco-Carrión
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Foundation of Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Abel García-García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Foundation of Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Li W, Han Y, Zhao Z, Ji X, Wang X, Jin J, Wang Q, Guo X, Cheng Z, Lu M, Wang G, Wang Y, Liu H. Oral mucosal mesenchymal stem cell‑derived exosomes: A potential therapeutic target in oral premalignant lesions. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1567-1578. [PMID: 30896790 PMCID: PMC6438436 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) serve an indispensable role in the tumor microenvironment. However, whether MSCs participate in the development of oral carcinogenesis remains unclear. The present study isolated MSCs from clinical tissues and investigated the differences of MSCs derived from normal oral mucosa (N-MSC), oral leukoplakia with dysplasia (LK-MSC) and oral carcinoma (Ca-MSC). The results revealed that the LK-MSCs exhibited reduced proliferation and migration, compared with the N-MSCs and Ca-MSCs. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the exosomes secreted by LK-MSCs have significant roles in promoting proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, which was similar to the Ca-MSC-derived exosomes. The promoting effect was also demonstrated in a 3D coculture model. When the secretion of exosomes was blocked, the promoting effect of LK-MSCs was reversed. Based on a microarray analysis of MSC-derived exosomes, microRNA-8485 (miR-8485) was identified to be ectopically expressed. The exosomal miR-8485 was capable of promoting the proliferation, migration and invasion of tumor cells. Therefore, the present study highlights the significance of MSC-derived exosomes and exosomal miR-8485 in premalignant lesions and carcinogenesis. Intervention with the secretion of MSC-derived-exosomes may be an innovative strategy to retard the carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zhongfang Zhao
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ji
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiu Jin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Lu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Oral Medicine, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
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Farah CS, Shearston K, Nguyen AP, Kujan O. Oral Carcinogenesis and Malignant Transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-2931-9_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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9
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Troiano G, Guida A, Aquino G, Botti G, Losito NS, Papagerakis S, Pedicillo MC, Ionna F, Longo F, Cantile M, Pennella A, Lo Russo L, Di Gioia G, Mariggiò MA, Lo Muzio L, Pannone G. Integrative Histologic and Bioinformatics Analysis of BIRC5/Survivin Expression in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092664. [PMID: 30205554 PMCID: PMC6174346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a well-known protein involved in the inhibition of apoptosis in many different cancer types. The aim of this study was to perform an integrated bioinformatic and histologic analysis in order to study the expression and prognostic role of Survivin and its related gene BIRC5 in oral cancer. Publicly available databases were accessed via Gene Expression Omnibus and Oncomine, in addition raw data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were also obtained in order to analyze the rate of gene mutation, expression and methylation in patients with oral squamous cells carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed in order to evaluate the nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of Survivin and their correlation with cell proliferation in samples from OSCC patients. Results of this study revealed that Survivin is rarely mutated in OSCC samples and upregulated when compared to non-cancerous tissue. A negative correlation between the methylation of the island cg25986496 and BIRC5 mRNA expression was detected from TCGA data. IHC staining revealed that cytoplasmic (and not nuclear) expression of Survivin is associated with poor overall survival in OSCC patients, while the nuclear expression correlates with higher proliferation rate. In addition, data from TCGA database revealed that BIRC5 gene expression is an independent prognostic factor for OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Troiano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Agostino Guida
- Maxillofacial and ENT Surgery Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Aquino
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Nunzia Simona Losito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Silvana Papagerakis
- Department of Surgery, Cancer Research Cluster, Room 4D10.2, Health Sciences Building, Saskatchewan University, Saskatoon, SKS7N5E5, Canada.
| | - Maria Carmela Pedicillo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Franco Ionna
- Maxillofacial and ENT Surgery Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Francesco Longo
- Maxillofacial and ENT Surgery Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Fondazione G. Pascale, IRCCS, Naples 80131, Italy.
| | - Antonio Pennella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Lucio Lo Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Di Gioia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari. Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, Bari 70124, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Pannone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Rovelli 50, Foggia 71122, Italy.
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Hallmarks of Cancer-Related Newly Prognostic Factors of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082413. [PMID: 30115834 PMCID: PMC6121568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is the sixth leading malignancy worldwide. OSCC is an aggressive tumor and its prognosis has exhibited little improvement in the last three decades. Comprehensive elucidation of OSCC's molecular mechanism is imperative for early detection and treatment, improving patient survival. Based on broadly accepted notions, OSCC arises from multiple genetic alterations caused by chronic exposure to carcinogens. In 2011, research revealed 10 key alterations fundamental to cancer cell development: sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, avoiding immune destruction, activating invasion and metastasis, tumor-promoting inflammation, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, genome instability and mutation, resisting cell death, and deregulating energetics. This review describes molecular pathological findings on conventional and novel hallmarks of OSCC prognostic factors. In addition, the review summarizes the functions and roles of several molecules as novel OSCC prognosticators.
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Wang W, Yang J, Yu F, Li W, Wang L, Zou H, Long X. MicroRNA-122-3p inhibits tumor cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by targeting Forkhead box O in A549 cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:2695-2699. [PMID: 29434994 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The imbalance between cell proliferation and apoptosis was implicated to serve key roles in cancer pathogenesis. The characteristics of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) have attracted much attention in research focusing on cancer pathogenesis in recent years. miR-122-3p has been reported to be associated with a number of disease processes and pathogenesis, including lung cancer. The present study aimed to investigate the association of miR-122-3p expression level with cell proliferation and apoptosis in a lung cancer cell line. A549 cells were transfected with miR-122-3p to interrupt the expression of miR-122-3p. Subsequently, MTT and BrdU assay, and western blot were used to analyze the influence of miR-122-3p on lung cancer cell proliferation, cell viability and its underlying mechanism. The present study revealed that, by targeting p27, overexpression of miR-122-3p inhibited cell proliferation in lung cancer. Furthermore, the cell apoptosis analysis suggested that overexpression of miR-122-3p was able to inhibit cell apoptosis by targeting Forkhead box O. These findings suggest that miR-122-3p may be associated with the pathology and progression of lung cancer and be a new therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Jinsong Yang
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Haoyu Zou
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Xia Long
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
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12
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Wang X, Beitler JJ, Huang W, Chen G, Qian G, Magliocca K, Patel MR, Chen AY, Zhang J, Nannapaneni S, Kim S, Chen Z, Deng X, Saba NF, Chen ZG, Arbiser JL, Shin DM. Honokiol Radiosensitizes Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck by Downregulation of Survivin. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:858-869. [PMID: 29180609 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Previous studies revealed diverging results regarding the role of survivin in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of survivin expression in SCCHN; the function of survivin in DNA-damage repair following ionizing radiation therapy (RT) in SCCHN cells; and the potential of honokiol to enhance RT through downregulation of survivin.Experimental Design: Expression of survivin in SCCHN patient primary tumor tissues (n = 100) was analyzed and correlated with clinical parameters. SCCHN cell lines were used to evaluate the function of survivin and the effects of honokiol on survivin expression in vitro and in vivoResults: Overexpression of survivin was significantly associated with lymph nodes' metastatic status (P = 0.025), worse overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients receiving RT (n = 65, OS: P = 0.024, DFS: P = 0.006) and in all patients with SCCHN (n = 100, OS: P = 0.002, DFS: P = 0.003). In SCCHN cells, depletion of survivin led to increased DNA damage and cell death following RT, whereas overexpression of survivin increased clonogenic survival. RT induced nuclear accumulation of survivin and its molecular interaction with γ-H2AX and DNA-PKCs. Survivin specifically bound to DNA DSB sites induced by I-SceI endonuclease. Honokiol (which downregulates survivin expression) in combination with RT significantly augmented cytotoxicity in SCCHN cells with acquired radioresistance and inhibited growth in SCCHN xenograft tumors.Conclusions: Survivin is a negative prognostic factor and is involved in DNA-damage repair induced by RT. Targeting survivin using honokiol in combination with RT may provide novel therapeutic opportunities. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 858-69. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jonathan J Beitler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Guoqing Qian
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kelly Magliocca
- Department of Pathology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Mihir R Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Amy Y Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Sreenivas Nannapaneni
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sungjin Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhengjia Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Xingming Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Zhuo Georgia Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.,Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Dong M Shin
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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13
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Lima CF, Crastechini E, Dos Santos NC, Prado Ribeiro AC, Brandão TB, Castro FCF, Issa JS, Almeida JD. Smoking cessation leads to changes in survivin expression in oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 47:293-298. [PMID: 29160903 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivin is an inhibitor protein of apoptosis and plays a role in oral carcinogenesis mechanism. METHODS The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking in survivin expression of oral mucosa of chronic smokers with and without oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The study was composed of three groups: Group 1-26 patients smoking more than 20 cigarettes/day/10 years without either history of oral malignant neoplasia or visible clinical signs in the examined site; Group 2-26 patients with OSCC; Group 3-22 patients surgically treated for OSCC for at least 1 month. The immunohistochemistry was performed with 1 smear for each group and analyzed by microscopy regarding extension, intensity of positive cells for survivin, and intracellular location. RESULTS The survivin expression was observed in 100% of the cases in Group 1, 88.5% in Group 2, and 100% in Group 3. Concerning to Groups 1 and 3, the survivin expression with cytoplasmic location occurred in 100%, while in Group 2 occurred in 87.5%. The cytoplasmic and nuclear expression was observed only in Group 2, with 7.69%. The results were correlated with clinical-pathological data by Fischer's exact test with significant relation between smoking cessation and intensity (P = .015) for Group 2. CONCLUSIONS The extension and intensity of survivin expression in the cytological smears were related to the smoking cessation in the group with OSCC. However, the smoking history (packs/years) did not influence the survivin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina F Lima
- University Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erica Crastechini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia C Dos Santos
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Prado Ribeiro
- Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais B Brandão
- Dental Oncology Service, Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo, ICESP-FMUSP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline S Issa
- Outpatient Program for the Treatment of Smoking, Heart Institute São Paulo, University Hospital, Medical School, University of São Paulo, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete D Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Tastekin E, Caloglu VY, Durankus NK, Sut N, Turkkan G, Can N, Puyan FO, Caloglu M. Survivin expression, HPV positivity and microvessel density in oropharyngeal carcinomas and relationship with survival time. Arch Med Sci 2017; 13:1467-1473. [PMID: 29181079 PMCID: PMC5701673 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.56616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among head and neck cancers, those of the oral cavity and oropharynx are the second most prevalent following the larynx. This study aimed to research immunohistochemical expression of survivin, HPV positivity and microvessel density in tumors and their relationships with prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Pathological materials and demographic properties of 46 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Survivin, HPV and CD34 (for microvessel density evaluation) antibodies were applied tumoral tissues. Survival times, clinical stage and differentiation were evaluated. RESULTS In univariate analysis, we observed that survivin, microvessel density and stage were significantly associated with survival time (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, only survivin and microvessel density were associated with survival time (p < 0.05). But we did not find significant correlation between neither tumor differentiation nor HPV positivity and survival (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Survivin levels and microvessel density were found to be effective prognostic factors and were related to survival in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Treatments targeting survivin expression and angiogenesis might be employed against these tumor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Tastekin
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Vuslat Yurut Caloglu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nilufer Kilic Durankus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Necdet Sut
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Gorkem Turkkan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nuray Can
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Fulya Oz Puyan
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Murat Caloglu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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15
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Arunkumar G, Deva Magendhra Rao AK, Manikandan M, Arun K, Vinothkumar V, Revathidevi S, Rajkumar KS, Rajaraman R, Munirajan AK. Expression profiling of long non-coding RNA identifies linc-RoR as a prognostic biomarker in oral cancer. Tumour Biol 2017; 39:1010428317698366. [PMID: 28443494 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317698366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is the most aggressive cancer that is associated with high recurrence, metastasis, and poor treatment outcome. Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs has been shown to promote tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers. In this study, we investigated the expression of 11 selected long non-coding RNAs that are associated with cell proliferation, metastasis, and tumor suppression in oral squamous cell carcinomas and normal tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Out of the 11 long non-coding RNAs profiled, 9 were significantly overexpressed in tumors with tobacco chewing history. Moreover, the long non-coding RNA profile was similar to the head and neck cancer datasets of The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Linc-RoR, a regulator of reprogramming, implicated in tumorigenesis was found to be overexpressed in undifferentiated tumors and showed strong association with tumor recurrence and poor therapeutic response. In oral squamous cell carcinomas, for the first time, we observed linc-RoR overexpression, downregulation of miR-145-5p, and overexpression of c-Myc, Klf4, Oct4, and Sox2, suggesting the existence of linc-RoR-mediated competing endogenous RNA network in undifferentiated tumors. Taken together, this study demonstrated the association of linc-RoR overexpression in undifferentiated oral tumors and its prognostic value to predict the therapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Arunkumar
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mayakannan Manikandan
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Kanagaraj Arun
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Vilvanathan Vinothkumar
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | - Sundaramoorthy Revathidevi
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
| | | | - Ramamurthy Rajaraman
- 2 Center for Oncology, Royapettah Government Hospital & Kilpauk Medical College, Chennai, India
| | - Arasambattu Kannan Munirajan
- 1 Department of Genetics, Dr. ALM PG Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India
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16
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Biomarkers in diagnosis and therapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma: A review of the literature. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2017; 45:722-730. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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17
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cIAP-2 Expression Increases in Elderly Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck. INT J GERONTOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijge.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Thang ND, Minh NV, Huong PT. Translocation of BBAP from the cytoplasm to the nucleus reduces the metastatic ability of vemurafenib-resistant SKMEL28 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:317-322. [PMID: 27922665 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate that treatment of vemurafenib-resistant SKMEL28 (SKMEL28-R) cells with paclitaxel leads to a shift in localization of the E3-ligase BBAP from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, consequently decreasing the metastatic ability of this cell line. The present study revealed that the movement of BBAP from the cytoplasm to nucleus initiated a change in cell morphology. In addition, the translocation of BBAP led to a decrease of metastatic characteristics in SKMEL28‑R cells, including migration and invasion via downregulation of the phosphorylated form of focal adhesion kinase and N‑cadherin, as well as an upregulation of p21 and E-cadherin. The results of the present study suggested that BBAP may not only be a novel biomarker for melanoma, but also a novel therapeutic target for treatment of metastatic melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dinh Thang
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 120564, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Minh
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 120564, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thu Huong
- Key Laboratory of Enzyme and Protein Technology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 120564, Vietnam
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19
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Sinevici N, O'sullivan J. Oral cancer: Deregulated molecular events and their use as biomarkers. Oral Oncol 2016; 61:12-8. [PMID: 27688099 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2016.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oral Cancer (OC) is a subset of head and neck cancer (HNC) with an annual worldwide incidence of 275,000 cases. OC remains a significant burden worldwide in terms of diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Despite desirable outcomes in early diagnosed OCs and treatment advances most OCs are detected in advanced stages. The 5-year survival rate of early-stage disease is ∼80% and that of late-stage disease is only ∼20%. Recurrence and chemoresistance from a treatment point of view and pain and disfiguration are important factors contributing to the high morbidity and mortality of OC. Furthermore the process of oral carcinogenesis is complex and not yet fully understood. Consequently numerous potential biomarkers have been hypothesised though controversial results across the board hamper their clinical implementation. Of greatest advantage would be biomarkers signalling early events preceeding OC. Biomarker targets predominately involve deregulated molecular events that participate in cell signalling, growth, survival, motility, angiogenesis and cell cycle control but can also use changes in metabolic genes to discriminate healthy form disease state. Promising potential biomarkers include the growth signalling oncogenes, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Cyclin D1, the anti-growth signalling components p53 and p21, apoptotic effectors such as Bcl-2 and also components involved in immortalisation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis processes. Translation of these potential biomakers to the patients is closer than ever though few issues remain to be resolved. Firstly large clinical trials are needed to validate their clinical applicability but also standardised methods of collection, storage and processing methods are needed to minimise variability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeff O'sullivan
- School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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20
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Tian F, Wei H, Tian H, Qiu Y, Xu J. miR-33a is downregulated in melanoma cells and modulates cell proliferation by targeting PCTAIRE1. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:2741-2746. [PMID: 27073545 PMCID: PMC4812543 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-33a (miR-33a) was previously identified as a lipid regulator that controls the cellular balance between cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism. However, its role in tumor progression is largely unknown. The present study identified that miR-33a acts as a tumor suppressor in melanoma cells. The present study revealed that miR-33a was downregulated in melanoma cells compared with melanocytes. Overexpression of miR-33a suppressed the colony formation of human melanoma SK-MEL-1 and WM-115 cells. Furthermore, a bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay and anaphase analysis revealed that miR-33a inhibits melanoma cell proliferation. miR-33a overexpression inhibited p27 phosphorylation and upregulated p27 expression. Additionally, the present study demonstrated that PCTAIRE1 was a direct target of miR-33a; miR-33a overexpression suppressed the luciferase activity of a reporter construct containing a 3′-untranslated region of PCTAIRE1 and downregulated PCTAIRE1 in melanoma cells. An overexpression of PCTAIRE1 reversed the miR-33a-induced p27 accumulation and tumor suppressive effects. In summary, the present findings offer novel mechanistic insights into miR-33a and its downstream target in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhen Tian
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Hongtu Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Public Health, Jining Beihu Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272067, P.R. China
| | - Ying Qiu
- Department of Dermatology, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Public Health, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jining City, Jining, Shandong 272113, P.R. China
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Liu YS, Cheng RY, Lo YL, Hsu C, Chen SH, Chiu CC, Wang LF. Distinct CPT-induced deaths in lung cancer cells caused by clathrin-mediated internalization of CP micelles. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:3510-3522. [PMID: 26796318 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr08345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We previously synthesized a chondroitin sulfate-graft-poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymer (H-CP) with a high content of poly(ε-caprolactone) (18.7 mol%), which self-assembled in water into a rod-like micelle to encapsulate hydrophobic camptothecin (CPT) in the core (micelle/CPT) for tumor-targeted drug delivery. As a result of the recognition of the micelle by CD44, the micelle/CPT entered CRL-5802 cells efficiently and released CPT efficaciously, resulting in higher tumor suppression than commercial CPT-11. In this study, H1299 cells were found to have a higher CD44 expression than CRL-5802 cells. However, the lower CD44-expressing CRL-5802 cells had a higher percentage of cell death and higher cellular uptake of the micelle/CPT than the higher CD44-expressing H1299 cells. Examination of the internalization pathway of the micelle/CPT in the presence of different endocytic chemical inhibitors showed that the CRL-5802 cells involved clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which was not found in the H1299 cells. Analysis of the cell cycle of the two cell lines exposed to the micelle/CPT revealed that the CRL-5802 cells arrested mainly in the S phase and the H1299 cells arrested mainly in the G2-M phase. A consistent result was also found in the evaluation of γ-H2AX expression, which was about three-fold higher in the CRL-5802 cells than in the H1299 cells. A near-infrared dye, IR780, was encapsulated into the micelle to observe the in vivo biodistribution of the micelle/IR780 in tumor-bearing mice. The CRL-5802 tumor showed a higher fluorescence intensity than the H1299 tumor at any tracing time after 1 h. Thus we tentatively concluded that CRL-5802 cells utilized the clathrin-mediated internalization pathway and arrested in the S phase on exposure to the micelle/CPT; all are possible reasons for the better therapeutic outcome in CRL-5802 cells than in H1299 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Sheng Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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Prognostic value of some tumor markers in unresectable stage IV oropharyngeal carcinoma patients treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy. Radiol Oncol 2016; 49:365-70. [PMID: 26834523 PMCID: PMC4722927 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2014-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to investigate how the expression of tumor markers p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1, EGFR, Ki-67, and CD31 influenced the outcome of advanced inoperable oropharyngeal carcinoma patients, treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy. Patients and methods. The pretreatment biopsy specimens of 74 consecutive patients with inoperable stage IV oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy were in retrospective study processed by immunochemistry for p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1, EGFR, Ki-67, and CD31. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed according to the expression of tumor markers. Results Patients with a high expression of p21 (≥10%), p27 (>50%), Ki-67 (>50%), CD31 (>130 vessels/mm2) and low expression of p53 (<10%), cyclin D1 (<10%) and EGFR (<10%) (favorable levels - FL) had better DFS than patients with a low expression of p21 (<10%), p27 (≤50%), Ki-67 (≤50%), CD31 (<130 vessels/mm2) and high expression of p53 (≥10%), cyclin D1 (≥10%) and EGFR (≥10%) (unfavorable levels - UL). However, statistical significance in survival between FL and UL was achieved only for p27 and cyclin D1. DFS significantly decreased with an increasing number of markers with an unfavorable level per tumor (1–4 vs. 5–7) (78% vs. 32%, respectively; p = 0.004). The number of markers per tumor with UL of expression retained prognostic significance also in multivariate analysis. Conclusions Statistical significance in survival between FL and UL emerged only for p27 and cyclin D1. The number of markers per tumor with UL of expression was an independent prognostic factor for an adverse outcome.
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Etemad-Moghadam S, Keyhani A, Yazdani K, Alaeddini M. Status of p53 and p27(KIP1) in Iranian Patients With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e19359. [PMID: 26568852 PMCID: PMC4640065 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.19359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Alterations in p53 and p27KIP1 have been documented as important events in the carcinogenesis of various cancers, but their prognostic role in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains controversial. Objectives: The present investigation aimed to evaluate the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of p53 and p27KIP1 expression in a group of Iranian patients with OSCC. Patients and Methods: In this analytical cross-sectional study, medical records of patients with primary OSCC, diagnosed from 1994 to 2004 were reviewed and 28 subjects were selected based on the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibodies against p53 and p27KIP1 was performed on representative archival paraffin blocks. Demographic data along with information on p53 and p27KIP1 expression, recurrence, and tumor grade was statistically analyzed using the Fischer exact test. Prognostic factors for overall survival were determined by Cox regression analysis (P < 0.05). Results: p53 and p27KIP1 expression were found in 28.57% (8 positive versus 20 negative) and 67.85% (19 positive versus 9 negative) of OSCC cases, respectively. There was no significant association between these two proteins (P = 0.371), and neither of them showed a significant relationship with the studied clinicopathologic variables (P > 0.05). In survival analysis, only histopathologic differentiation (17 low and moderate, 11 poor) demonstrated a significant correlation with overall survival (P = 0.048). Conclusions: Despite the fact that abnormalities in p53 and p27KIP1 may be involved in the development of OSCC, their clinical significance in the studied population seems limited. Further investigation on the combined p53/p27KIP1 expression may be helpful in predicting the biologic behavior of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Amanollah Keyhani
- Meraj Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Kamran Yazdani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Mojgan Alaeddini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mojgan Alaeddini, Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188986677, Fax: +98-2188986688, E-mail:
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DE Almeida MR, Pérez-Sayáns M, Suárez-Peñaranda JM, Somoza-Martín JM, García-García A. p27 Kip1 expression as a prognostic marker for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Oncol Lett 2015; 10:2675-2682. [PMID: 26722226 PMCID: PMC4665313 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of the cell cycle is essential for carcinogenesis. The cell cycle is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), which are upregulated by cyclins and downregulated by CDK inhibitors (CDKIs). Decreased p27Kip1 expression has been associated with survival rate, tumor size, histological differentiation and the presence of lymph node metastasis in patients with various types of cancer. The aim of the current study is to provide a literature review on the association between p27Kip1 expression and the clinical and pathological aspects of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and the expression of other CDKIs of the Cip/Kip family and cyclins. Throughout the literature, different methodologies were used to determine the immunohistochemical expression of p27Kip1; thus, results concerning p27Kip1 expression in HNSCC vary widely. However, it has now been confirmed that p27Kip1 is underexpressed in SCC cells. p27 may be a promising marker for determining the prognosis of HNSCC, despite the marked variability of the results obtained. An association between p27 expression and survival rate, time to recurrence and tumor stage has been observed. Based on the information currently available, it is premature to recommend the analysis of p27Kip1 expression in guiding HNSCC treatment planning. However, although relatively unstudied, the correlation between p27Kip1 expression and other tumor suppressor genes may turn out to be important in determining the prognosis of HNSCC. Further prospective studies utilizing standardized laboratory methodologies and statistics that facilitate meta-analyses are required to confirm this proposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Reis DE Almeida
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Manuel Suárez-Peñaranda
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Sciences, University Hospital and School of Medicine of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - José Manuel Somoza-Martín
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Abel García-García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Xie S, Xu H, Shan X, Liu B, Wang K, Cai Z. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of survivin expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116517. [PMID: 25710884 PMCID: PMC4339736 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivin has been proposed as a promising prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), but the published data on survivin expression in patients with this condition are controversial. To address this we performed a meta-analysis systematically to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of survivin expression in OSCC. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Ovid databases for papers investigating the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of survivin expression in OSCC. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to determine the relevance of survivin. RESULTS A total of 15 papers, including 1040 cases in which survivin expression was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), were included. A meta-analysis of clinicopathological variables revealed a correlation between survivin expression and lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.44-0.88, p < 0.05) and clinical stage (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41-0.96, p < 0.05). However, no significant associations were found between survivin expression and tumor differentiation grade (OR = 0.72, 95%CI = 0.26-1.11, p > 0.05), depth of invasion (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.50-1.14, p > 0.05), age (OR = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.48-1.29, p > 0.05) or gender (OR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.86-2.01, p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis using stratified detection methods showed no significant associations between the expression of survivin protein and clinicopathological variables in OSCC. A correlation between survivin expression and poor prognosis of patients with OSCC (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.23-2.01, p < 0.05) was demonstrated. CONCLUSION Survivin is a potential prognostic marker of OSCC. Future studies with larger sample sizes and well-designed inclusion criteria will be needed to dissect the role of survivin expression in determining the clinicopathological features and/or prognosis of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang Xie
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Baozhong Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhigang Cai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- * E-mail:
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Shen C, Yang H, Liu H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Xu R. Inhibitory effect and mechanisms of microRNA-146b-5p on the proliferation and metastatic potential of Caski human cervical cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2015; 11:3955-61. [PMID: 25572123 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common cause of cancer‑associate mortality in females, and metastasis is strongly associated with failure of cervical cancer treatment. Previous studies have indicated that microRNA (miR)‑146b‑5p is involved in the inhibition of proliferation and metastasis of numerous human cancer types. The aim of the present study was to explore the inhibitory effect of miR‑156b‑5p on the proliferation and metastatic potential of Caski human cervical cancer cells, as well as to determine the mechanisms by which it proceeds. The results demonstrated that miR‑146b‑5p was able to inhibit the proliferative, invasive and adhesive potential and block the cell cycle progression of Caski human cervical cancer cells, as determined using MTS and transwell assays as well as flow cytometry. Furthermore, quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis revealed that transfection with miR‑146b‑5p decreased the mRNA and protein expression levels of C‑X‑C chemokine receptor type 4, matrix metalloproteinase‑2 and ‑9, c‑Myc, cyclin D1 and human papilloma virus 16. In addition, the secretion levels of transforming growth factor‑β, monocyte chemoattractant protein‑1 and tumor necrosis factor‑α, the telomerase activity, the phosphorylation of c‑Jun N‑terminal protein kinase and protein kinase B and the transcriptional activities of nuclear factor‑κB, signal transducer and activator of transcription‑3 and ‑5 were reduced. However, increased levels of p27 and p53 were detected in the miR‑146b‑5p‑overexpressing Caski cells. These results indicate that miR‑146b‑5p may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cervical cancer through regulation of cell chemotaxis and the cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Shen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqin Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, Shandong 276826, P.R. China
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Huang Y, Li Z, Zhong Q, Li G, Zhang Y, Huang Z. Association of TBX2 and P21 expression with clinicopathological features and survival of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Med 2014; 7:5394-5402. [PMID: 25664048 PMCID: PMC4307495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression of P21 and TBX2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their corresponding adjacent normal laryngeal tissues, as well as their association with clinical pathological features and survival remain unclear. METHOD we used the RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to detect their mRNA and protein levels in 75 LSCC patients. We also use log-rank test and Cox models to compare survival among different groups. RESULTS The mRNA expression level of TBX2 was up-regulated, while P21 was down-regulated in LSCC compared with their matched adjacent laryngeal tissues (All P < 0.001). The expression of P21 was correlated with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and smoking; and TBX2 expression was associated with lymph node metastasis, differentiation degree and smoking (All P < 0.05). Patients with high TBX2 and low P21 expression had significantly worse survival than those with low TBX2 and high P21 expression, respectively (All P < 0.05). A significant correlation between expression of TBX2 and P21 (Pearson, P < 0.05) was observed. Furthermore, multivariable analysis showed that patients with low TBX2 and high P21 expression alone had a significantly reduced risk for overall death compared with those with low TBX2 and high P21 expression. The risk for overall death was even lower for patients with both low and high expression of both genes than any other co-expression status of both genes (HR, 0.1; 95% CI, 0.0-0.9). CONCLUSION These results suggest that abnormal expression of P21 and TBX2 in tumors may jointly, or individually, predict poor prognosis of LSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiu Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zufei Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Qi Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Guojun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
| | - Zhigang Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (Capital Medical University), Ministry of EducationBeijing 100730, China
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People’s Hospital of TaizhouTaizhou 225300, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHouston, TX, USA
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Thang ND, Yajima I, Kumasaka MY, Kato M. Bidirectional functions of arsenic as a carcinogen and an anti-cancer agent in human squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96945. [PMID: 24816914 PMCID: PMC4016145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bidirectional cancer-promoting and anti-cancer effects of arsenic for cancer cells have been revealed in previous studies. However, each of these effects (cancer-promoting or anti-cancer) was found in different cells at different treated-concentration of arsenic. In this study, we for the first time indicated that arsenic at concentration of 3 µM, equal to average concentration in drinking water in cancer-prone areas in Bangladesh, simultaneously expressed its bidirectional effects on human squamous cell carcinoma HSC5 cells with distinct pathways. Treatment with 3 µM of arsenic promoted cell invasion via upregulation of expression of MT1-MMP and downregulation of expression of p14ARF and simultaneously induced cell apoptosis through inhibition of expression of N-cadherin and increase of expression of p21(WAF1/CIP1) at both transcript and protein levels in HSC5 cells. We also showed that inhibition of MT1-MMP expression by NSC405020 resulted in decrease of arsenic-mediated invasion of HSC5 cells involving decrease in phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases (pERK). Taken together, our biological and biochemical findings suggested that arsenic expressed bidirectional effects as a carcinogen and an anti-cancer agent in human squamous cell carcinoma HSC5 cells with distinct pathways. Our results might play an important scientific evident for further studies to find out a better way in treatment of arsenic-induced cancers, especially in squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dinh Thang
- Department of Biochemistry and Plant Physiology, VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- * E-mail:
| | - Ichiro Yajima
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Mayuko Y. Kumasaka
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture, Japan
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