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Bickel MA, Sherry DM, Bullen EC, Vance ML, Jones KL, Howard EW, Conley SM. Microvascular smooth muscle cells exhibit divergent phenotypic switching responses to platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor 1. Microvasc Res 2024; 151:104609. [PMID: 37716411 PMCID: PMC10842624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching is critical for normal vessel formation, vascular stability, and healthy brain aging. Phenotypic switching is regulated by mediators including platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), as well as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), but much about the role of these factors in microvascular VSMCs remains unclear. METHODS We used primary rat microvascular VSMCs to explore PDGF-BB- and IGF-1-induced phenotypic switching. RESULTS PDGF-BB induced an early proliferative response, followed by formation of polarized leader cells and rapid, directionally coordinated migration. In contrast, IGF-1 induced cell hypertrophy, and only a small degree of migration by unpolarized cells. TGF-β and ET-1 selectively inhibit PDGF-BB-induced VSMC migration primarily by repressing migratory polarization and formation of leader cells. Contractile genes were downregulated by both growth factors, while other genes were differentially regulated by PDGF-BB and IGF-1. CONCLUSIONS These studies indicate that PDGF-BB and IGF-1 stimulate different types of microvascular VSMC phenotypic switching characterized by different modes of cell migration. Our studies are consistent with a chronic vasoprotective role for IGF-1 in VSMCs in the microvasculature while PDGF is more involved in VSMC proliferation and migration in response to acute activities such as neovascularization. Better understanding of the nuances of the phenotypic switching induced by these growth factors is important for our understanding of a variety of microvascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Bickel
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - David M Sherry
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth C Bullen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Michaela L Vance
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Ken L Jones
- Bioinformatic Solutions, LLC, Sheridan, WY 82801, United States of America
| | - Eric W Howard
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America
| | - Shannon M Conley
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States of America.
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Yang JF, Liao Q, Lu CL. SOX9 promotes the invasion and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells by activating the RAP1 signaling pathway. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:421. [PMID: 37919693 PMCID: PMC10623714 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE SOX9 has been shown to be related to the metastasis of various cancers. Recently, it has been reported that SOX9 plays a regulatory role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell metastasis, but the specific mechanism remains to be explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to observe the effect and mechanism of SOX9 on the invasion and migration of LUAD cells. METHODS RT-qPCR was applied to observe the expression of SOX9 and RAP1 in tumor tissues and corresponding normal lung tissues collected from LUAD patients. Co-immunoprecipitation and Pearson correlation to analyze the expression correlation of SOX9 with RAP1. To observe the role of SOX9, the invasion and migration levels of LUAD A549 cells in each group were observed by Transwell invasion assay and Scratch migration assay after knocking down or overexpressing SOX9. Besides, the expression levels of RAP1 pathway-related proteins (RAP1, RAP1GAP and RasGRP33) were observed by RT-qCPR or western blot. Subsequently, RAP1 was overexpressed and SOX9 was knocked down in A549 cells, and then the cell invasion/migration level and RAP1 pathway activity were assessed. RESULTS The expression levels of SOX9 and RAP1 in tumor tissues and A549 cells of LUAD patients were significantly increased and positively correlated. Overexpression of SOX9 or RAP1 alone in A549 cells enhanced the invasion and migration ability of cells, as well as up-regulated the expression levels of RAP1, RAP1GAP and RasGRP33. However, knocking down SOX9 decreased cell invasion and migration levels and weakened the activity of RAP1 pathway. Notably, overexpressing RAP1 while knocking down SOX9 significantly activated RAP1 pathway and promoted cell invasion and migration. CONCLUSION Overexpression of SOX9 in LUAD can significantly activate the RAP1 signaling pathway and promote cell invasion and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Fa Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qing Liao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen-Lin Lu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou, 225300, Jiangsu, China.
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Piñeiro-Hermida S, Bosso G, Sánchez-Vázquez R, Martínez P, Blasco MA. Telomerase deficiency and dysfunctional telomeres in the lung tumor microenvironment impair tumor progression in NSCLC mouse models and patient-derived xenografts. Cell Death Differ 2023:10.1038/s41418-023-01149-6. [PMID: 37085672 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01149-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer death. Tumor progression depends on interactions of cancer cells with the tumor microenvironment. Here, we find increased copy number and mRNA expression of the catalytic subunit of telomerase, TERT, in tumors from NSCLC patients, contributing to a lower survival. Moreover, TERT expression in NSCLC patients from the TCGA cohort is mainly associated to the reduced infiltration of CD8+ T lymphocytes, as well as to increased infiltration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). We also show that TERT deficiency and dysfunctional telomeres induced by 6-thio-dG treatment in mice reduced lung tumor implantation and vascularization, increased DNA damage response, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as well as reduced proliferation, inflammation, lung tumor immunosupression and invasion upon induction of a Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Furthermore, 6-thio-dG-treated human NSCLC xenografts exhibited increased telomere damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as well as reduced proliferation, resulting in a reduced tumor growth. Our results show that targeting telomeres might be an effective therapeutic strategy in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Piñeiro-Hermida
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Bosso
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Raúl Sánchez-Vázquez
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Paula Martínez
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, E-28029, Spain
| | - Maria A Blasco
- Telomeres and Telomerase Group, Molecular Oncology Program, Spanish National Cancer Centre (CNIO), Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, E-28029, Spain.
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Type IV Collagen and SOX9 Are Molecular Targets of BET Inhibition in Experimental Glomerulosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010486. [PMID: 36613933 PMCID: PMC9820124 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive glomerulonephritis (GN) is characterized by an excessive accumulation of extracellular (ECM) proteins, mainly type IV collagen (COLIV), in the glomerulus leading to glomerulosclerosis. The current therapeutic approach to GN is suboptimal. Epigenetic drugs could be novel therapeutic options for human disease. Among these drugs, bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitors (iBETs) have shown beneficial effects in experimental kidney disease and fibrotic disorders. Sex-determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9) is a transcription factor involved in regulating proliferation, migration, and regeneration, but its role in kidney fibrosis is still unclear. We investigated whether iBETs could regulate ECM accumulation in experimental GN and evaluated the role of SOX9 in this process. For this purpose, we tested the iBET JQ1 in mice with anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis induced by nephrotoxic serum (NTS). In NTS-injected mice, JQ1 treatment reduced glomerular ECM deposition, mainly by inhibiting glomerular COLIV accumulation and Col4a3 gene overexpression. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays demonstrated that JQ1 inhibited the recruitment and binding of BRD4 to the Col4a3 promoter and reduced its transcription. Active SOX9 was found in the nuclei of glomerular cells of NTS-injured kidneys, mainly in COLIV-stained regions. JQ1 treatment blocked SOX9 nuclear translocation in injured kidneys. Moreover, in vitro JQ1 blocked TGF-β1-induced SOX9 activation and ECM production in cultured mesangial cells. Additionally, SOX9 gene silencing inhibited ECM production, including COLIV production. Our results demonstrated that JQ1 inhibited SOX9/COLIV, to reduce experimental glomerulosclerosis, supporting further research of iBET as a potential therapeutic option in progressive glomerulosclerosis.
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Chen H, Chen X, Zeng F, Fu A, Huang M. Prognostic value of SOX9 in cervical cancer: Bioinformatics and experimental approaches. Front Genet 2022; 13:939328. [PMID: 36003340 PMCID: PMC9394184 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.939328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among gynecological cancers, cervical cancer is a common malignancy and remains the leading cause of cancer-related death for women. However, the exact molecular pathogenesis of cervical cancer is not known. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cervical cancer pathogenesis will aid in the development of effective treatment modalities. In this research, we attempted to discern candidate biomarkers for cervical cancer by using multiple bioinformatics approaches. First, we performed differential expression analysis based on cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, then used differentially expressed genes for weighted gene co-expression network construction to find the most relevant gene module for cervical cancer. Next, the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were performed on the module genes, followed by using protein–protein interaction network analysis and Cytoscape to find the key gene. Finally, we validated the key gene by using multiple online sites and experimental methods. Through weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we found the turquoise module was the highest correlated module with cervical cancer diagnosis. The biological process of the module genes focused on cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and protein binding processes, while the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway of the module significantly enriched pathways related to cancer and cell circle. Among the module genes, SOX9 was identified as the hub gene, and its expression was associated with cervical cancer prognosis. We found the expression of SOX9 correlates with cancer-associated fibroblast immune infiltration in immune cells by Timer2.0. Furthermore, cancer-associated fibroblast infiltration is linked to cervical cancer patients’ prognosis. Compared to those in normal adjacent, immunohistochemical and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed that the protein and mRNA expression of SOX9 in cervical cancer were higher. Therefore, the SOX9 gene acts as an oncogene in cervical cancer, interactive with immune infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts, thereby affecting the prognosis of patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhu Zhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan China
| | - Xupeng Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Zhu Zhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan China
| | - Fanhua Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhu Zhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan China
| | - Aizhen Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Meiyuan Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhu Zhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, Hunan China
- *Correspondence: Meiyuan Huang,
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Li M, Che N, Feng Y, Liu X, Piao L, Xuan Y, Jin Y. B7-H4 expression promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression via AMPK/mTOR signaling. Exp Mol Pathol 2022; 125:104755. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2022.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Tripathi SK, Biswal BK. SOX9 promotes epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance via targeting β-catenin and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in lung cancer. Life Sci 2021; 277:119608. [PMID: 33989664 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), gefitinib, continues to be a primary treatment option for lung cancer patients. However, acquisition of resistance to gefitinib is a major obstacle in lung cancer treatment and its cause is poorly understood. The present study aimed to implicate the role of SOX9-β-catenin in developed resistance to gefitinib through epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung cancer in vitro and ex vivo. MAIN METHODS Expression effect of SOX9 on survivability of lung cancer patients was demonstrated through online available Kaplan-Meier Plotter data base. Then, cell viability assay, colony forming assay, cell migration and invasion assays, flow cytometry, drug efflux assay, qRT-PCR, and western blotting were conducted to confirmed the role of SOX9 in gefitinib resistance in lung cancer cells. Dual-luciferase assay established the regulatory relation between SOX9 and β-catenin. Multicellular spheroid assay further explored that down regulation of SOX9 could reverse gefitinib resistance ex vivo. KEY FINDINGS Kaplan-Meier method correlated the higher expression of SOX9 and β-catenin with poor overall survival of lung cancer patients. Upregulation of SOX9 was associated gefitinib resistance with increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, single-cell colony-forming ability, reduced apoptosis, and gefitinib intake in lung cancer cells. Moreover, upregulated SOX9 promoted EMT via targeting β-catenin and knockdown of SOX9 reversed the resistance and EMT phenotype. Similarly, we found that multicellular spheroid of gefitinib resistant cells showed larger surface area with more dispersion and viability of cells, while SOX9 knockdown abolished these induced properties ex vivo. SIGNIFICANCE SOX9 expression could provide an innovative perspective as biomarker to understand the EGFR-TKIs resistance in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya Kant Tripathi
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India
| | - Bijesh Kumar Biswal
- Cancer Drug Resistance Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha 769008, India.
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Xiong D, Wang D, Chen Y. Role of the long non-coding RNA LINC00052 in tumors. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:316. [PMID: 33692848 PMCID: PMC7933760 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 52 (LINC00052) is a non-coding RNA with >200 nucleotides in length, which exerts important effects on several physiological and pathological processes of the human body. Recent studies have demonstrated that LINC00052 plays key roles in the tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis of multiple types of human cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical carcinoma and gastric cancer. However, the associations between LINC00052 and these tumors remain unclear. The present review summarizes the biological functions of LINC00052 during the pathogenic process of certain tumors, and discusses its potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Xiong
- Early Childhood Health Research Innovation Team, Nursing School of Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 401331, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, P.R. China
| | - Yanmeng Chen
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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9
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Lin JH, Chen FN, Wu CX, Hu SQ, Ma J. Long non-coding RNA B4GALT1-Antisense RNA 1/microRNA-30e/SRY-box transcription factor 9 signaling axis contributes to non-small cell lung cancer cell growth. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:284. [PMID: 33014162 PMCID: PMC7520745 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding (lnc) RNAs serve crucial functions in human cancers. However, the involvement of the lncRNA B4GALT1-antisense RNA 1 (AS1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been extensively studied. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was performed to detect B4GALT1-AS1 levels in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Potential influences of B4GALT1-AS1 on biological functions of NSCLC were assessed through a series of in vitro experiments, and the molecular mechanism was determined via RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and bioinformatics analyses. The results of the present study demonstrated that knockdown of B4GALT1-AS1 significantly attenuated the proliferative ability and clonality of H1299 and A549 cells. In the present study, B4GALT1-AS1 competed as an endogenous RNA by sequestering microRNA-30e (miR-30e) leading to an enhanced expression of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9). The effects of silencing B4GALT1-AS1 on NSCLC cells proliferation could be ameliorated by inhibiting miR-30e or restoring SOX9. Hence, B4GALT1-AS1 acted as a lncRNA that drives tumor progression in NSCLC via the regulation of the miR-30e/SOX9 axis. The findings of the present study indicated that the B4GALT1-AS1/miR-30e/SOX9 axis maybe an effective target for NSCLC treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Huan Lin
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Fu-Nan Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Can-Xing Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Qiao Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Longyan City, Longyan, Fujian 364000, P.R. China
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Zheng JJ, Que QY, Xu HT, Luo DS, Sun Z, Ni JS, Que HF, Ma J, Wu D, Shi H. Hypoxia Activates SOX5/Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling by Suppressing MiR-338-3p in Gastric Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033820905825. [PMID: 32216582 PMCID: PMC7119234 DOI: 10.1177/1533033820905825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are known to be important in a variety of cancer types. The specific expression and roles of miR-338-3p in the context of gastric cancer, however, remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-338-3p was expressed significantly lower in established/primary human gastric cancer cells than that in human gastric epithelial cells; miR-338-3p is also decreased in human gastric cancer tissues and was positively associated with the worse prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Enforced expression of miR-338-3p could inhibit cell growth, survival, and proliferation, while inducing cell apoptosis. In addition, miR-338-3p negatively regulated SOX5 expression through directly binding to the 3′-untranslated region of SOX5, and an inverse correlation was found between miR-338-3p and SOX5 messenger RNA expression in gastric cancer tissues. Furthermore, miR-338-3p-induced inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling was greatly abrogated by SOX5 upregulation. Finally, we found that hypoxic conditions were linked with reduced miR-338-3p expression in the context of gastric cancer. In conclusion, miR-338-3p acts as a tumor suppressor in gastric cancer, possibly by directly targeting SOX5 and blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling. These findings might provide novel therapeutic targets for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zheng
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiao-Yan Que
- Breast Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - de-Sheng Luo
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Sheng Ni
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Feng Que
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ji Ma
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Shi
- Gastroenterology Department, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
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Liu S, Li S, Yu X, Wang Q, Sun H. microRNA-133b represses the progression of lung cancer through inhibiting SOX9/β-catenin signaling pathway. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2020; 13:2270-2279. [PMID: 33042331 PMCID: PMC7539883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-133b (miR-133b) has been shown to be down-regulated in lung cancer and functions as a tumor repressor. However, the underlying mechanisms of miR-133b in lung cancer are not clear. SOX9, a member of SOX family, serves as an oncogene in lung cancer by activating b-catenin signaling and was identified to be a direct target of miR-133b in breast cancer. Based on these data, the current study was performed to explore whether SOX9/b-catenin signaling is implicated in miR-133b-meditaed lung cancer repression. MiR-133b expression in lung cancer tissues and cells were detected by RT-PCR. CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, transwell chamber and in vivo assays were carried out to determine cell proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, cell cycle, invasion, and tumorigenesis. We found that miR-133b expression was decreased in lung cancer tissues and cells. Up-regulation of miR-133b reduced cell proliferation and colony formation, induced cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest, and decreased cell invasion. Besides, miR-133b up-regulation decreased the expression of b-catenin and SOX9. Cell viability inhibition and apoptosis promotion induced by miR-133b up-regulation were all impaired when SOX9 was up-regulated. Furthermore, miR-133b over-expression repressed the tumorigenesis of lung cancer cells with smaller tumor size and lower Ki-67 expression. Taken together, this study clarifies that miR-133b represses lung cancer progression by inhibiting SOX9/b-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Ganzhou Peoples HospitalGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ganzhou Peoples HospitalGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ruijin Peoples HospitalGanzhou 342500, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qiping Wang
- The Three Department of Medicine, Dayu County Peoples HospitalGanzhou 341500, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ganzhou Peoples HospitalGanzhou 341000, Jiangxi, China
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aarF domain containing kinase 5 gene promotes invasion and migration of lung cancer cells through ADCK5-SOX9-PTTG1 pathway. Exp Cell Res 2020; 392:112002. [PMID: 32277958 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AarF domain containing kinase 5 (ADCK5) is a member of an atypical kinase family and overexpressed in many carcinomas including lung cancer, while the function of this protein has not been elucidated. Here we investigated the mechanism of ADCK5 involved in regulating invasion and migration of lung cancer cells, and showed that ADCK5 might regulate the expression of tumor oncogene human pituitary tumor transforming gene-1 (PTTG1) by phosphorylating transcription factor SOX9, therefore enhancing the migration and invasion capabilities of lung cancer cells. Mutagenesis of potential serine phosphorylation sites on SOX9 indicated that serine 181 might be required to maintain transcription activation of SOX9 as well as increase PTTG1 levels. The serine 181 site of SOX9 is in a motif that is targeted by ADCK5. The ADCK5-SOX9-PTTG1 pathway might be a potential therapeutic target for lung cancer.
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Elchaninov A, Fatkhudinov T, Makarov A, Vorobieva I, Lokhonina A, Usman N, Kananykhina E, Vishnyakova P, Nikitina M, Goldshtein D, Bolshakova G, Glinkina V, Sukhikh G. Inherent control of hepatocyte proliferation after subtotal liver resection. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:80-88. [PMID: 31297922 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
At the normal physiological conditions, hepatocytes predominantly reside in G0 phase of cell cycle; they actively proceed to G1 phase upon damage to the organ. As it was shown in experiments with restoration of liver mass in rats after subtotal hepatectomy (resection of 80% of the organ mass may be considered as a model of the 'small for size' liver syndrome), the growth inhibition is due to prolonged arrest of hepatocyte proliferation, molecular mechanisms of which remain understudied. In a rat model of liver regeneration after surgical removal of 80% of its mass, we observe a delayed onset of hepatocyte proliferation: Ki67+ hepatocytes begin to appear as late as at 30 h after liver subtotal resection. Their appearance coincides with the beginning of transcription of genes for cyclins A2, B1, D 1 , and E 1 at 24-30 h after surgery. The corresponding increase in concentrations of cyclin D 1 and E proteins is further delayed till 48 h after liver resection. We have also observed a prolonged decrease in the expression of proto-oncogene c-met (the hepatocyte growth factor receptor-encoding gene Met), an increase in expression of the transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ 1 ) receptor-encoding gene Tgfbr2. At the same time, irreversible block of hepatocyte proliferation is prevented by expression of certain factors, notably of the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling pathway: concentrations of the corresponding proteins in remnant livers have peaked from 24 to 48 h after liver subtotal resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Elchaninov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Makarov
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Iva Vorobieva
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Lokhonina
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia Usman
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya Kananykhina
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Vishnyakova
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Nikitina
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Goldshtein
- Research Center of Medical Genetics, 1 Moscvorechie, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Galina Bolshakova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 3 Tsurupa Street, Moscow, 117418, Russian Federation
| | - Valeria Glinkina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 1 Ostrovitianov Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Gennady Sukhikh
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I.Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
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Schneider AJ, Gawdzik J, Vezina CM, Baker TR, Peterson RE. Sox9 in mouse urogenital sinus epithelium mediates elongation of prostatic buds and expression of genes involved in epithelial cell migration. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 34:119075. [PMID: 31669249 PMCID: PMC6927329 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2019.119075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies identified Sox9 as a critical mediator of prostate development but the precise stage when Sox9 acts had not been determined. A genetic approach was used to delete Sox9 from mouse urogenital sinus epithelium (UGE) prior to prostate specification. All prostatic bud types (anterior, dorsolateral and ventral) were stunted in Sox9 conditional knockouts (cKOs) even though the number of prostatic buds did not differ from that of controls. We concluded that Sox9 is required for prostatic bud elongation and compared control male, control female, Sox9 cKO male and Sox9 cKO female UGE transcriptomes to identify potential molecular mediators. We identified 702 sex-dependent and 95 Sox9-dependent genes. Thirty-one genes were expressed in both a sex- and Sox9-dependent pattern. A comparison of Sox9 cKO female vs control female UGE transcriptomes revealed 74 Sox9-dependent genes, some of which also function in cell migration. SOX9 regulates, directly or indirectly, a largely different profile of genes in male and female UGE. Eighty-three percent of Sox9-dependent genes in male UGE were not Sox9-dependent in female UGE. Only 16 genes were Sox9-dependent in the UGE of both sexes and seven had cell migration functions. These results support the notion that Sox9 promotes cell migration activities needed for prostate ductal elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Schneider
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
| | - Joseph Gawdzik
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1400 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Chad M Vezina
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1656 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1400 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Tracie R Baker
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1400 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and School of Medicine, Wayne State University, 6135 Woodward Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
| | - Richard E Peterson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705, USA; Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1400 University Avenue, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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15
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MicroRNA-30e inhibits proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer via targeting SOX9. Hum Cell 2019; 32:326-333. [DOI: 10.1007/s13577-018-0223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Heng WS, Gosens R, Kruyt FAE. Lung cancer stem cells: origin, features, maintenance mechanisms and therapeutic targeting. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 160:121-133. [PMID: 30557553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths despite recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy. The widely embraced cancer stem cell (CSC) theory has also been applied for lung cancer, postulating that an often small proportion of tumor cells with stem cell properties are responsible for tumor growth, therapeutic resistance and metastasis. The identification of these CSCs and underlying molecular maintenance mechanisms is considered to be absolutely necessary for developing therapies for their riddance, hence achieving remission. In this review, we will critically address the CSC concept in lung cancer and its advancement thus far. We will describe both normal lung stem cells and their malignant counterparts in order to identify common aspects with respect to their emergence and regulation. Subsequently, the importance of CSCs and their molecular features in lung cancers will be discussed in a preclinical and clinical context. We will highlight some examples on how lung CSCs attain stemness through different molecular modifications and cellular assistance from the tumor microenvironment. The exploitation of these mechanistic features for the development of pharmacological therapy will also be discussed. In summary, the validity of the CSC concept has been evidenced by various studies. Ongoing research to identify molecular mechanisms driving lung CSC have revealed potential new cell intrinsic as well as tumor microenvironment-derived therapeutic targets. Although successfully demonstrated in preclinical models, the clinical benefit of lung CSC targeted therapies has thus far not been demonstrated. Therefore, further research to validate the therapeutic value of CSC concept is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Sen Heng
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reinoud Gosens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A E Kruyt
- Department of Medical Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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17
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Liu S, Dong H, Dai H, Liu D, Wang Z. MicroRNA-216b regulated proliferation and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer by targeting SOX9. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:10077-10083. [PMID: 29928377 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Micro (mi)RNAs are small, evolutionarily conserved and endogenous noncoding RNA molecules between 19 and 24 nucleotides in length. The potential roles of miRNAs in the carcinogenesis and progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have been studied previously. In the present study, it was revealed that miRNA-216b (miR-216b) expression was lower in NSCLC tissue and cell lines compared with that in adjacent healthy lung tissue samples and the normal bronchial epithelial 16HBE cell line, respectively. The ectopic expression of miR-216b inhibited the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells in vitro. SRY-Box 9 (SOX9) was identified as a direct target of miR-216b in NSCLC. In addition, SOX9 small interfering RNA was able to mimic the effects of miR-216b overexpression on cell proliferation and invasion in NSCLC. Therefore, the data reported in the present study demonstrate that miR-216b is an important tumor suppressor in NSCLC. These data may contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the carcinogenesis and progression of NSCLC, and provide novel therapies for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sida Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, XinHua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Han Dong
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Dai
- Department of Tumor and Blood Disease, The Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Danwei Liu
- Department of Infections, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
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18
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Zhang N, Chai D, Du H, Li K, Xie W, Li X, Yang R, Lian X, Xu Y. Expression of Reg IV and SOX9 and their correlation in human gastric cancer. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:344. [PMID: 29587675 PMCID: PMC5870489 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4285-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reg IV is a member of the regenerating gene family and has been demonstrated to be overexpressed in gastric cancer. However, the functional mechanism of Reg IV in gastric cancer is still unclear. Methods Expression of Reg IV and SOX9 were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and real-time PCR, and the correlation between the expression of Reg IV and SOX9 was analyzed in gastric cancer tissues. Reg IV expression vectors and a siRNA of Reg IV and SOX9 were transfected into human gastric cancer cells and the protein and mRNA levels of Reg IV and SOX9 were investigated by western blot and real-time PCR. The invasion and migration ability of gastric cancer cells with overexpressed Reg IV and with gene silence of Reg IV and SOX9 were examined by transwell chambers and wound healing assay. Results The Reg IV and SOX9 protein expression levels were both significantly higher in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent tissues (p = 0.022, p = 0.003). Reg IV protein expression significantly correlated with tumor invasion depth (p < 0.001), but had no significant correlations with age, clinical stage or lymph node metastasis. SOX9 protein expression also had no significant correlations with age, clinical stage, tumor invasion depth or lymph node metastasis. Reg IV transcript expression demonstrated a significant correlation with invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.005, p < 0.001) and no significant correlations with age, clinical stage, tumor tissue differentiation or tumor size. SOX9 transcript expression demonstrated a significant correlation with invasion depth and tumor tissue differentiation (p = 0.044, p = 0.007) and no significant correlations with age, clinical stage or tumor size. The Reg IV expression showed a positive correlation with the SOX9 expression (p < 0.000, p = 0.008). Overexpression of Reg IV could upregulate SOX9 expression and promote invasiveness and migration of tumor cells, and silencing of Reg IV could downregulate SOX9 and inhibit invasiveness and migration of tumor cells in MKN-45 and AGS cells. On the other hand, silencing of SOX9 could upregulate Reg IV protein expression. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that Reg IV positively regulates the expression of SOX9 and is involved in tumor cell invasion and migration in gastric cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4285-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.,College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dandan Chai
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huifen Du
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kesheng Li
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wenguang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingwen Li
- Department of Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Rong Yang
- Department of pathology, Tumor Hospital of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Lian
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Department of Medicine Biotechnology, Medicine and Science Research Institute of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Hong Y, Chen H, Rao Z, Peng B, Hu H, Lin S, Xu Z. In vitro study on the role of SOX9 in trastuzumab resistance of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3103-3107. [PMID: 29456713 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Trastuzumab is recommended for the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEG) in combination with chemotherapy; however, drug resistance has severely affected its clinical application. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9), a prognostic marker in adjuvant oncological settings, on AEG cell proliferation and apoptosis in the presence or absence of trastuzumab. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism underlying the role of SOX9 in trastuzumab resistance was explored. ESO26 cells were treated with various concentrations of trastuzumab, and trastuzumab induced SOX9 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, as determined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting analyses. Transfection of ESO26 cells with SOX9 small interfering RNA was conducted to knock down SOX9 expression, and the results of MTT and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that SOX9 knockdown sensitized ESO26 cells to trastuzumab by inhibiting cell proliferation and enhancing cell apoptosis. In addition, it was observed that the trastuzumab-induced phosphorylation of AKT was suppressed by SOX9 knockdown. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that SOX9 participated in trastuzumab resistance by affecting cell proliferation and apoptosis, and indicated that SOX9 may exert its effect on trastuzumab resistance via activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway. This study identified a novel mechanism underlying trastuzumab resistance in vitro and may be useful in improving the efficacy of trastuzumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcai Hong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Huaisheng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhanpeng Rao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Hong Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Shaolin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
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Shi J, Guo J, Li X. Role of LASP-1, a novel SOX9 transcriptional target, in the progression of lung cancer. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:179-188. [PMID: 29138807 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer accounts for most cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism by which it mediates the progression of lung cancer remains unclear. Expression of LASP-1 (LIM and SH3 protein 1) was evaluated in lung cancer tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues using immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Functional studies have shown that siRNA-mediated silencing of LASP-1 in human lung cancer cells and reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining also revealed that rate of cell apoptosis was increased after knockdown of expression of LASP-1, thereby suggesting that LASP-1 may function as an oncogene during lung cancer progression. SOX9 is an important transcription factor, which is involved in the development of several types of human cancer. Further analysis has showed the presence of a consensus-binding site of SOX9 in the promoter region of LASP-1. Mechanistic investigations showed that LASP-1 was transcriptionally activated by SOX9. Through luciferase reporter and ChIP assays, we demonstrated that LASP-1 was a direct target gene of sex determining region Y-box 9 (SOX9). Knockdown of SOX9 expression by RNA interference reduces cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of lung cancer cells, which was consistent with the results obtained from silencing the expression of LASP-1 in NCI‑H1650 cells. Together, these findings indicated that LASP-1, as a downstream target of SOX9, may act as a novel biomarker for lung cancer and plays an important role in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguang Shi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Haishu, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
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21
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Richtig G, Aigelsreiter A, Schwarzenbacher D, Ress AL, Adiprasito JB, Stiegelbauer V, Hoefler G, Schauer S, Kiesslich T, Kornprat P, Winder T, Eisner F, Gerger A, Stoeger H, Stauber R, Lackner C, Pichler M. SOX9 is a proliferation and stem cell factor in hepatocellular carcinoma and possess widespread prognostic significance in different cancer types. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187814. [PMID: 29121666 PMCID: PMC5679634 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
SOX9 has been previously shown to be involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other types of cancer. However, prognostic studies so far involved rather small cohorts or lack external validation and experimental data. In this study, we firstly determined the histological expression pattern of SOX9 in human HCC by immunohistochemistry (n = 84) and evaluated its prognostic value. External cohorts of publicly available datasets were used to validate its prognostic relevance in HCC (n = 359) and other types of cancer including breast (n = 3951), ovarian (n = 1306), lung (n = 1926) and gastric cancer (n = 876). Functional SOX9 knock-down studies using siRNA and cancer stem cell models were generated in a panel of liver and breast cancer cell lines. High level of SOX9 was associated with poor survival even after adjustment for other prognostic factors in multivariate analysis (HR = 2.103, 95%CI = 1.064 to 4.156, p = 0.021). SOX9 prevailed a poor prognostic factor in all cancer validation cohorts (p<0.05). Reduced SOX9 expression by siRNA decreased the growth of liver cancer cells (p<0.05). SOX9 expression was associated with stem cell features in all tested cell lines (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated in a large number of patients from multiple cohorts that high levels of SOX9 are a consistent negative prognostic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Richtig
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Daniela Schwarzenbacher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Lena Ress
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jan Basri Adiprasito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Verena Stiegelbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Silvia Schauer
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Department of Internal Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburger Landeskliniken, Salzburg, Austria
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Laboratory for Tumour Biology and Experimental Therapies (TREAT), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Kornprat
- Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Winder
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Eisner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Armin Gerger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Stoeger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Stauber
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolin Lackner
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Pichler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Li Z, Li B, Niu L, Ge L. miR-592 functions as a tumor suppressor in human non-small cell lung cancer by targeting SOX9. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:297-304. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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23
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WANG XIAOYING, LIU YANLI, LIU XIAOLI, YANG JINGYAN, TENG GUOXIN, ZHANG LULU, ZHOU CHENGJUN. miR-124 inhibits cell proliferation, migration and invasion by directly targeting SOX9 in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3115-21. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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