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Karadimas T, Huynh TH, Chose C, Zervoudakis G, Clampitt B, Lapp S, Joyce D, Letson GD, Metts J, Binitie O, Mullinax JE, Lazarides A. Oncolytic Viral Therapy in Osteosarcoma. Viruses 2024; 16:1139. [PMID: 39066301 PMCID: PMC11281467 DOI: 10.3390/v16071139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary bone malignancies, including osteosarcoma (OS), are rare but aggressive. Current OS treatment, involving surgical resection and chemotherapy, has improved survival for non-metastatic cases but remains ineffective for recurrent or metastatic OS. Oncolytic viral therapy (OVT) is a promising alternative, using naturally occurring or genetically modified viruses to selectively target and lyse cancer cells and induce a robust immune response against remaining OS cells. Various oncolytic viruses (OVs), such as adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, and measles virus, have demonstrated efficacy in preclinical OS models. Combining OVT with other therapeutics, such as chemotherapy or immunotherapy, may further improve outcomes. Despite these advances, challenges in reliability of preclinical models, safety, delivery, and immune response must be addressed to optimize OVT for clinical use. Future research should focus on refining delivery methods, exploring combination treatments, and clinical trials to ensure OVT's efficacy and safety for OS. Overall, OVT represents a novel approach with the potential to drastically improve survival outcomes for patients with OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Karadimas
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (T.H.H.); (C.C.); (B.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Thien Huong Huynh
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (T.H.H.); (C.C.); (B.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Chloe Chose
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (T.H.H.); (C.C.); (B.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Guston Zervoudakis
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Bryan Clampitt
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (T.H.H.); (C.C.); (B.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Sean Lapp
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Health, Tampa, FL 33602, USA; (T.H.H.); (C.C.); (B.C.); (S.L.)
| | - David Joyce
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - George Douglas Letson
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Jonathan Metts
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Odion Binitie
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - John E. Mullinax
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
| | - Alexander Lazarides
- Sarcoma Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (G.Z.); (D.J.); (G.D.L.); (J.M.); (O.B.); (J.E.M.); (A.L.)
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2
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Richert I, Berchard P, Abbes L, Novikov A, Chettab K, Vandermoeten A, Dumontet C, Karanian M, Kerzerho J, Caroff M, Blay JY, Dutour A. A TLR4 Agonist Induces Osteosarcoma Regression by Inducing an Antitumor Immune Response and Reprogramming M2 Macrophages to M1 Macrophages. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4635. [PMID: 37760603 PMCID: PMC10526955 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OsA) has limited treatment options and stagnant 5-year survival rates. Its immune microenvironment is characterized by a predominance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), whose role in OsA progression remain unclear. Nevertheless, immunotherapies aiming to modulate macrophages activation and polarization could be of interest for OsA treatment. In this study, the antitumor effect of a liposome-encapsulated chemically detoxified lipopolysaccharide (Lipo-MP-LPS) was evaluated as a therapeutic approach for OsA. Lipo-MP-LPS is a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) agonist sufficiently safe and soluble to be IV administered at effective doses. Lipo-MP-LPS exhibited a significant antitumor response, with tumor regression in 50% of treated animals and delayed tumor progression in the remaining 50%. The agent inhibited tumor growth by 75%, surpassing the efficacy of other immunotherapies tested in OsA. Lipo-MP-LPS modulated OsA's immune microenvironment by favoring the transition of M2 macrophages to M1 phenotype, creating a proinflammatory milieu and facilitating T-cell recruitment and antitumor immune response. Overall, the study demonstrates the potent antitumor effect of Lipo-MP-LPS as monotherapy in an OsA immunocompetent model. Reprogramming macrophages and altering the immune microenvironment likely contribute to the observed tumor control. These findings support the concept of immunomodulatory approaches for the treatment of highly resistant tumors like OsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iseulys Richert
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Paul Berchard
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Lhorra Abbes
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
| | - Alexey Novikov
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Kamel Chettab
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France; (K.C.); (C.D.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Alexandra Vandermoeten
- SCAR, Rockefeller Medecine School, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69367 Lyon, France;
| | - Charles Dumontet
- INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France; (K.C.); (C.D.)
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marie Karanian
- Department of Biopathology, Léon Bérard Center, Unicancer, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Jerome Kerzerho
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Martine Caroff
- HEPHAISTOS-Pharma, 21 rue Jean Rostand, 91400 Orsay, France; (A.N.); (J.K.); (M.C.)
| | - Jean-Yves Blay
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
- Department of Medicine, Léon Bérard Center, Unicancer, 69008 Lyon, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Dutour
- Cell Death and Pediatric Cancers Team INSERM U1052, CNRS UMR 5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Université de Lyon, 69373 Lyon, France (P.B.); (L.A.); (J.-Y.B.)
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3
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Rivera PL, Li WT, Bhogal S, Mandell JB, Belayneh R, Hankins ML, Payne JT, Watters RJ, Weiss KR. Antioxidant 1 copper chaperone gene expression and copper levels in dog osteosarcoma patients. Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:559-564. [PMID: 37148200 PMCID: PMC11231990 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Twenty-four dogs with OS underwent limb amputation. Serum, OS tumour, and normal bone were harvested at time of surgery. RNA was extracted and gene expression was performed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Tissue and blood copper concentrations were also determined with spectrophotometry. Compared to bone, tumour samples had significantly higher expressions of antioxidant 1 copper chaperone (ATOX1, p = .0003). OS tumour copper levels were significantly higher than that of serum (p < .010) and bone (p = .038). Similar to our previous observations in mouse and human OS, dog OS demonstrates overexpression of genes that regulate copper metabolism (ATOX1), and subsequent copper levels. Dogs with OS may provide a robust comparative oncology platform for the further study of these factors, as well as potential pharmacologic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro L. Rivera
- Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh Veterinary Specialty & Emergency Center-BluePearl, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William T. Li
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sumail Bhogal
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jonathan B. Mandell
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebekah Belayneh
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Margaret L. Hankins
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - John T. Payne
- Department of Surgery, Pittsburgh Veterinary Specialty & Emergency Center-BluePearl, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Watters
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kurt R. Weiss
- Musculoskeletal Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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He L, Habibovic P, van Rijt S. Selenium-incorporated mesoporous silica nanoparticles for osteosarcoma therapy. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:3828-3839. [PMID: 37074160 PMCID: PMC10227887 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) compounds are promising chemotherapeutics due to their ability to inhibit cancer cell activity via the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, to circumvent adverse effects on bone healthy cells, new methods are needed to allow intracellular Se delivery. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are promising carriers for therapeutic ion delivery due to their biocompability, rapid uptake via endocytosis, and ability to efficiently incorporate ions within their tunable structure. With the aim of selectively inhibiting cancer cells, here we developed three types of MSNs and investigated their ability to deliver Se. Specifically, MSNs containing SeO32- loaded on the surface and in the pores (MSN-SeL), SeO32- doped in the silica matrix (Se-MSNs) and Se nanoparticles (SeNP) coated with mesoporous silica (SeNP-MSNs), were successfully synthesized. All synthesized nanoparticles were stable in neutral conditions but showed rapid Se release in the presence of glutathione (GSH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Furthermore, all nanoparticles were cytotoxic towards SaoS-2 cells and showed significantly lower toxicity towards healthy osteoblasts, where Se doped MSNs showed lowest toxicity towards osteoblasts. We further show that the nanoparticles could induce ROS and cell apoptosis. Here we demonstrate MSNs as promising Se delivery carriers for osteosarcoma (OS) therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei He
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Pamela Habibovic
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Sabine van Rijt
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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5
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Sharin F, Pai A, Mair M. Management of osteosarcoma of the head and neck. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023:00020840-990000000-00066. [PMID: 37144500 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is no clear consensus guideline that specifies the optimum course of treatment for adult head and neck osteosarcoma (HNO) because of its rarity. The review's goal is to examine the most recent research on the presentation, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of head and neck osteosarcoma. RECENT FINDINGS Due to overlapping symptoms with various benign disorders of the lower jaw and midface bone, these patients present with a noticeable delay. The greatest results for these malignancies can be achieved with surgery with sufficient margins. However, it may not be able to achieve sufficient margins in tumours of the midface and skull base, and the significance of adjuvant radiation/chemotherapy needs to be investigated. The use of adjuvant radiation in instances with an advanced stage, poor prognostic indicators, and inadequate resection is supported by evidence. Nonetheless, there are divergent opinions regarding the advantages of chemotherapy in adjuvant and neoadjuvant conditions, and further multicentric randomized control trials are required to provide robust evidence. SUMMARY Multimodality treatments seem to yield better results for advanced HNO with adverse features and incomplete resections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Manish Mair
- University hospital of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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6
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Katsuki S, Takahashi Y, Tamari K, Minami K, Takenaka W, Ibuki Y, Yamamoto J, Tatekawa S, Hayashi K, Seo Y, Isohashi F, Ogawa K, Koizumi M. Radiation therapy enhances systemic antitumor efficacy in PD-L1 therapy regardless of sequence of radiation in murine osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271205. [PMID: 35816501 PMCID: PMC9273087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies demonstrate that immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) increases the chances of the abscopal effect, an anti-tumor effect outside the radiation field in radiation therapy. However, the optimal sequence between radiation and ICB remains unclear. To investigate the impact of sequence of radiation in anti-PD-L1 antibody (P1) therapy on immune microenvironments and antitumor efficacies in local and abscopal tumors, metastatic LM8 osteosarcoma cells were inoculated into both legs of C3H mice. For irradiation, only one side leg was irradiated at 10 Gy. Then mice were divided into four groups: administrated anti-PD-L1 antibody three times (P1 monotherapy), receiving radiation 3 days prior to P1 therapy (P1+pre-Rad), and receiving concurrent radiation with P1 therapy (P1+conc-Rad). Thereafter, tumor immune microenvironment and tumor volume changes were analyzed in irradiated and unirradiated tumors. The P1+pre-Rad regimen increased the proportion of CD8+ programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)+ granzyme B (GzmB)+ reinvigorated T cells and decreased the proportion of CD8+ PD-1+ GzmB- exhausted T cells than P1+conc-Rad regimen in unirradiated tumors. Combination regimens suppressed tumor growth in irradiated tumors compared with that in P1 monotherapy. In both irradiated and unirradiated tumors, significant tumor growth suppression and prolonged overall survival were observed under both combination treatment regimens compared with P1 monotherapy. However, no distinct differences in unirradiated tumor volume and survival were observed between P1+pre-Rad and P1+conc-Rad groups. These results suggest that local irradiation is necessary to improve systemic treatment efficacy in P1 therapy regardless of sequence of local irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Katsuki
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takahashi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Minami
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wataru Takenaka
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoriko Ibuki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junya Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Tatekawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Seo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Isohashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koizumi
- Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Liu Z, Wen J, Hu F, Wang J, Hu C, Zhang W. Thrombospondin-1 induced programmed death-ligand 1-mediated immunosuppression by activating the STAT3 pathway in osteosarcoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:432-445. [PMID: 34927311 PMCID: PMC8819289 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombospondin‐1 (TSP1) is generally assumed to suppress the growth of osteosarcoma through inhibiting angiogenesis; however, it is unclear whether TSP1 could affect the antitumor immunity against osteosarcoma. We aimed to explore the immune‐related tumor‐promoting effects of TSP1 and decipher its underlying mechanism. First, we identified that TSP1 regulated programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression, which was related to the CD8+ T cells anergy in osteosarcoma cells. The exact role of PD‐L1 in the immunosuppressive effect of TSP1 was then further confirmed by the addition of the PD‐L1 neutralizing Ab. With the addition of PD‐L1 neutralizing Abs during cocultivation, the inhibition of CD8+ T cells was abolished to a certain extent. Further mechanistic investigations showed that TSP1‐induced PD‐L1 upregulation was achieved by activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway. In vivo experiments also indicated that TSP1 overexpression could promote the growth of primary lesions, whereas TSP1 knockdown effectively inhibits the growth of the primary lesion as well as lung metastasis by restoring the antitumor immunity. Thrombospondin‐1 knockdown combined with PD‐L1 neutralizing Ab achieved a more pronounced antitumor effect. Taken together, our study showed that TSP1 upregulates PD‐L1 by activating the STAT3 pathway and, therefore, impairs the antitumor immunity against osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuochao Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxiang Wen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangqiong Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanzhen Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weibin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wan J, Liu Y, Long F, Tian J, Zhang C. circPVT1 promotes osteosarcoma glycolysis and metastasis by sponging miR-423-5p to activate Wnt5a/Ror2 signaling. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:1707-1722. [PMID: 33369809 PMCID: PMC8088910 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent form of bone cancer. It has a high metastatic potential and progresses rapidly. The molecular mechanisms of OS remain unclear and this study aims to examine the functional role of circPVT1 and miR‐423‐5p in OS. Quantitative RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR) and western blotting were used to examine levels of miR‐423‐5p, circPVT1, Wnt5a, Ror2, and glycolysis‐related proteins, including HK2, PKM2, GLUT1, and LDHA. Colony formation and transwell assays were used to test the roles of miR‐423‐5p, circPVT1, and Wnt5a/Ror2 in OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Dual luciferase assay and Ago2‐RIP were used to validate the interactions of miR‐423‐5p/Wnt5a, miR‐423‐5p/Ror2, and circPVT1/miR‐423‐5p. Glucose uptake assay and measurement of lactate production were performed to assess the glycolysis process. A nude mouse xenograft model was used to evaluate the effects of sh‐circPVT1 and miR‐423‐5p mimics on tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. miR‐423‐5p was reduced in both OS tissues and OS cell lines, while Wnt5a/Ror2 and circPVT1 were elevated. miR‐423‐5p bound to 3′‐UTR of Wnt5a and Ror2 mRNA, and inhibited glycolysis and OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting Wnt5a and Ror2. circPVT1 interacted with miR‐423‐5p and activated Wnt5a/Ror2 signaling by sponging miR‐423‐5p. Knockdown of circPVT1 or overexpression of miR‐423‐5p suppressed OS tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. miR‐423‐5p inhibited OS glycolysis, proliferation, migration, and metastasis by targeting and suppressing Wnt5a/Ror2 signaling pathway, while circPVT1 promoted those processes by acting as a sponge of miR‐423‐5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yupeng Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Fernandes I, Melo-Alvim C, Lopes-Brás R, Esperança-Martins M, Costa L. Osteosarcoma Pathogenesis Leads the Way to New Target Treatments. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E813. [PMID: 33467481 PMCID: PMC7831017 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare condition with very poor prognosis in a metastatic setting. Basic research has enabled a better understanding of OS pathogenesis and the discovery of new potential therapeutic targets. Phase I and II clinical trials are already ongoing, with some promising results for these patients. This article reviews OS pathogenesis and new potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Fernandes
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cecília Melo-Alvim
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Raquel Lopes-Brás
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
| | - Miguel Esperança-Martins
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
- Sérgio Dias Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luís Costa
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal; (C.M.-A.); (R.L.-B.); (M.E.-M.); (L.C.)
- Luís Costa Lab, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, 1600 Lisbon, Portugal
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10
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Liu K, Ni J, Li W, Pan B, Yang Y, Xia Q, Huang J. The Sp1/FOXC1/HOTTIP/LATS2/YAP/β-catenin cascade promotes malignant and metastatic progression of osteosarcoma. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2678-2695. [PMID: 32634265 PMCID: PMC7530777 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis for osteosarcoma (OS) is dismal due to the aggressive tumor growth and high incidence of metastasis. The long noncoding RNA human homeobox A transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) and the transcription factor forkhead box C1 (FOXC1) present oncogenic activities in OS. Here, we aimed at gaining insights into the underlying mechanisms and their crosstalk. The expression of FOXC1 and HOTTIP in OS tissues or cell lines was examined by real-time PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot. The in vitro effects of FOXC1 or HOTTIP on cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and expression of target genes were examined using MTT, colony-forming assay, wound-healing, Transwell invasion, and western blot, respectively; the in vivo effects were examined using xenograft and experimental metastasis models. Molecular control of HOTTIP on large tumor suppressor 2 (LATS2) or transactivation of FOXC1 or Sp1 on HOTTIP was assessed by combining RNA immunoprecipitation, qRT-PCR, western blot, ChIP, and luciferase assay. Both FOXC1 and HOTTIP were potently up-regulated in OS tissues and cell lines. FOXC1 and HOTTIP essentially maintained viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion of OS cells in vitro and contributed to xenograft growth or lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, HOTTIP recruited enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) to silence LATS2 and thus activated YAP/β-catenin signaling. Upstream, Sp1 activated FOXC1 and they both directly transactivated HOTTIP. In summary, we showed that the Sp1/FOXC1/HOTTIP/LATS2/YAP/β-catenin cascade presented oncogenic activities in OS cells. Targeting FOXC1 or HOTTIP may therefore prove beneficial for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Liu
- Department of OphthalmologyThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jiang‐Dong Ni
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wen‐Zhao Li
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bai‐Qi Pan
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yu‐Ting Yang
- Department of OphthalmologyThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Qin Xia
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of OrthopaedicsThe 2nd Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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11
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Wang L, Jiang J, Sun G, Zhang P, Li Y. Effects of lncRNA TUSC7 on the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells via regulation of miR-375. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:133. [PMID: 32934702 PMCID: PMC7471645 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating how long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA) tumor suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC7) regulates the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells. Tumor tissues and adjacent tissues of 30 patients with osteosarcoma were collected, and the expression levels of lncRNA TUSC7 and miR-375 were detected by RT-qPCR. lncRNA TUSC7 mimic and miR-375 mimic transfection models were established in MG63 osteosarcoma cells, and Transwell assays were used to detect the migration ability of MG63 cells. An MTT assay was used to assess the proliferation ability of MG63 cells. lncRNA TUSC7 in osteosarcoma tissue was significantly lower than that of adjacent tissues, while miR-375 levels were significantly higher than that of adjacent tissues; the two levels have a negative correlation. lncRNA TUSC7 mimic inhibited MG63 proliferation and migration abilities. miR-375 mimic promoted MG63 proliferation and migration abilities. The lncRNA TUSC7 mimic and miR-375 mimic co-transfection system could partially rescue the inhibition of lncRNA TUSC7 mimic on MG63 cells. In conclusion, lncRNA TUSC7 inhibited the proliferation and migration of MG63 osteosarcoma cells by regulating miR-375.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, ShengLi Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Jiankui Jiang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, ShengLi Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Guisen Sun
- Department of Spinal Surgery, ShengLi Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Panpan Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, ShengLi Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, ShengLi Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, Shandong 257000, P.R. China
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12
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Zhu ST, Wang X, Wang JY, Xi GH, Liu Y. Downregulation of miR-22 Contributes to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Osteosarcoma by Targeting Twist1. Front Oncol 2020; 10:406. [PMID: 32391253 PMCID: PMC7193700 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a vital step in osteosarcoma (OS) progression toward metastasis, but the specific molecular events governing this process are incompletely characterized, with miRNAs having increasingly been found to regulate the EMT. In this study, We assessed levels of miR-22 and its target, Twist1, via real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We further used functional proliferation assays, measures of cell morphology, and western blotting to assess the functional relevance of miR-22 in OS and confirmed Twist1 as a miR-22 target via luciferase reporter assay. We observed a significant decrease in miR-22 levels in OS tumor samples relative to normal tissue, with such downregulating being significantly associated with tumor histological grade. When overexpressed, miR-22 impaired OS cell proliferation and EMT progression. We found Twist1 to be a direct miR-22 target, with levels of miR-22 and Twist1 mRNA being inversely correlated in patient samples. When overexpressed, miR-22 suppressed Twist1 translation and thereby attenuated the EMT in OS cells. These results clearly demonstrate that miR-22 can regulate the EMT in OS cells via targeting Twist1, thus highlighting a potentially novel pathway that can be therapeutically targeted in order to treat OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Tao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jun-Yi Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guang-Hui Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Huaihe Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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13
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Wang J, Liu S, Shi J, Li J, Wang S, Liu H, Zhao S, Duan K, Pan X, Yi Z. The Role of miRNA in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2019; 34:605-613. [PMID: 31674804 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2019.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant tumors derived from mesenchymal tissue and is highly invasive, mainly in children and adolescents. Treatment of OS is mostly based on standard treatment options, including aggressive surgical resection, systemic chemotherapy, and targeted radiation therapy, but the 5-year survival rate is still low. MicroRNA (miRNA) is a highly conserved type of endogenous nonprotein-encoding RNA, about 19-25 nucleotides in length, whose transcription process is independent of other genes. Generally, miRNAs play a role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and development by binding to the 3' untranslated region of target mRNAs, whereby they can degrade or induce translational silencing. Although miRNAs play a regulatory role in various metabolic processes, they are not translated into proteins. Several studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of OS. Herein, the authors describe new advances in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of miRNAs in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shizhang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiyuan Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Songbo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huitong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Song Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Keke Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuezhen Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.,Department of Orthopedics, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi Yi
- Department of Orthopedics, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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14
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Bouaoud J, Beinse G, Epaillard N, Amor-Sehlil M, Bidault F, Brocheriou I, Hervé G, Spano JP, Janot F, Boudou-Rouquette P, Benassarou M, Schouman T, Goudot P, Malouf G, Goldwasser F, Bertolus C. Lack of efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in adult patients with maxillo-facial high-grade osteosarcomas: A French experience in two reference centers. Oral Oncol 2019; 95:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Yu T, Tang HY, Wang TS, Wei W. Effectiveness of electrical stimulation for postoperative pain in patients with osteosarcoma: A systematic review protocol of clinical controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16783. [PMID: 31393405 PMCID: PMC6709289 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and safety of electrical stimulation (ES) for postoperative pain (PPP) in patients with osteosarcoma systematically. METHODS We will systematically search the following electronic databases from inception to the May 1, 2019: MEDILINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, Springer, and CNKI without language restrictions. All literatures of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-controlled studies (CCSs) of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma will be included. RevMan 5.3 software (Cochrane Community; London, UK) and STATA 15.0 software (StataCorp; College Station) will be used for statistical analysis. Cochrane risk of bias will be used for methodological quality assessment for RCTs and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale will be utilized for CCSs. RESULTS This study will assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma through assessing primary outcome of pain intensity and secondary outcomes of frequency of rescue analgesic use, cumulative morphine consumption, quality of recovery, as well as adverse events. CONCLUSION This study will provide latest evidence on effectiveness and safety of ES for PPP in patients with osteosarcoma, and may also provide guidance for both clinician and further studies. DISSEMINATION AND ETHICS This study does not require ethical approval, because it will not analyze the individual patient data. Its results are expected to be published in peer-reviewed journals. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019135790.
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16
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Gao G, Tian Z, Zhu HY, Ouyang XY. miRNA-133b targets FGFR1 and presents multiple tumor suppressor activities in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2018; 18:210. [PMID: 30574019 PMCID: PMC6299514 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0696-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone malignancy prevalent in children and young adults. MicroRNA-133b (miR-133b), through directly targeting the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), is increasingly recognized as a tumor suppressor in different types of cancers. However, little is known on the biological and functional significance of miR-133b/FGFR1 regulation in osteosarcoma. Methods The expressions of miR-133b and FGFR1 were examined by RT-qPCR and compared between 30 paired normal bone tissues and OS tissues, and also between normal osteoblasts and three OS cells lines, MG-63, U2OS, and SAOS-2. Using U2OS and MG-63 as the model system, the functional significance of miR-133b and FGFR1 was assessed on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration/invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) by overexpressing miR-133b and down-regulating FGFR1 expression, respectively. Furthermore, the signaling cascades controlled by miR-133b/FGFR1 were examined. Results miR-133b was significantly down-regulated while FGFR1 robustly up-regulated in OS tissues and OS cell lines, when compared to normal bone tissues and normal osteoblasts, respectively. Low miR-133b expression and high FGFR1 expression were associated with location of the malignant lesion, advanced clinical stage, and distant metastasis. FGFR1 was a direct target of miR-133b. Overexpressing miRNA-133b or knocking down FGFR1 significantly reduced the viability, proliferation, migration/invasion, and EMT, but promoted apoptosis of both MG-63 and U2OS cells. Both the Ras/MAPK and PI3K/Akt intracellular signaling cascades were inhibited in response to overexpressing miRNA-133b or knocking down FGFR1 in OS cells. Conclusion miR-133b, by targeting FGFR1, presents a plethora of tumor suppressor activities in OS cells. Boosting miR-133b expression or reducing FGFR1 expression may benefit OS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002 Guizhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002 Guizhou People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Ye Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002 Guizhou People's Republic of China
| | - Xun-Yan Ouyang
- Department of Orthopedics, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, No. 83, East Zhongshan Road, Guiyang, 550002 Guizhou People's Republic of China
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17
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Song X, Tian L, Quan Y, Sun D, Zhang L. Elevated circulating macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 is a biological marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of osteosarcoma. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4803-4809. [PMID: 30546400 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is among the most frequently occurring bone tumors in infants and teenagers. However, despite its widespread prevalence, no effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma are known. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1) has been considered a promising biological marker of various tumor types. However, the possible role of circulating MIC-1 as a screening biomarker for osteosarcoma remains to be elucidated. The present study evaluated the circulating levels of MIC-1 in patients with osteosarcoma with the aim of elucidating its effect on the diagnosis and prognosis of this specific tumor. The circulating levels of MIC-1 were measured via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 300 individuals, including 100 patients with osteosarcoma, 100 patients with benign bone tumors, and 100 healthy subjects, and its correlation with clinicopathological characteristics was then evaluated. Various analyses were performed to determine its utility in diagnosis and prognosis. The levels of circulating MIC-1 were increased considerably in patients with osteosarcoma. The patients bearing larger tumors, those with distant metastases, and those with later-stage tumors had relatively higher levels of MIC-1. According to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, a high level of circulating MIC-1 was an independent variable for distant metastases. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed MIC-1 as a possible biological marker for distinguishing patients from healthy controls. Patients with osteosarcoma with higher levels of MIC-1 had relatively higher risk of mortality. Furthermore, multivariate data analysis on general survival rate revealed that a high level of circulating MIC-1 was a prognostic indicator of osteosarcoma. These findings suggest that an elevated level of circulating MIC-1 is a novel potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxiang Song
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Tian
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiu Quan
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Dan Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
| | - Linmei Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Xuzhou Children's Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221006, P.R. China
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18
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The miR-15b-5p/PDK4 axis regulates osteosarcoma proliferation through modulation of the Warburg effect. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2749-2757. [PMID: 30093112 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Blocking aerobic glycolysis has been proposed as an attractive therapeutic strategy for impairing the proliferation of cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that miR-15b-5p was downregulated in osteosarcoma (OS) and that lower expression of miR-15b-5p promoted proliferation and contributed to the Warburg effect in OS cells. Mechanistically, miR-15b-5p acted as a tumor suppressor in OS by directly targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 and inhibiting its expression. These results reveal a previously unknown function of miR-15b-5p in OS, which is associated with metabolic alterations that promote cancer progression. miR-15b-5p may play an essential role in the molecular therapy of patients with OS.
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19
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Rici REG, Will SEAL, Luna ACL, Melo LF, Santos AC, Rodrigues RF, Leandro RM, Maria DA. Combination therapy of canine osteosarcoma with canine bone marrow stem cells, bone morphogenetic protein and carboplatin in an in vivo model. Vet Comp Oncol 2018; 16:478-488. [DOI: 10.1111/vco.12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. E. G. Rici
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Cidade Universitária, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - S. E. A. L. Will
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Butantan Institute; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. C. L. Luna
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Butantan Institute; São Paulo Brazil
| | - L. F. Melo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Cidade Universitária, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. C. Santos
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Cidade Universitária, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - R. F. Rodrigues
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Cidade Universitária, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - R. M. Leandro
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science; Cidade Universitária, University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - D. A. Maria
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics; Butantan Institute; São Paulo Brazil
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20
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Liu J, Mi B, Wang Y, Shi C, Mi X, Lu Y, Yu P. miR-26a suppresses osteosarcoma migration and invasion by directly targeting HMGA1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:8303-8310. [PMID: 29928320 PMCID: PMC6004719 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is identified as the most commonly diagnosed malignant cancer of bone, and has approximately three million new cases annually. miR-26a plays an important role in the development of various types of cancer. We investigated whether miR-26a can regulate the migration and invasion of OS by targeting high-mobility group A1 HMGA1. Western blot analysis was used to identify the changes of protein levels. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to test expression levels of genes and miR-26a. Luciferase reporter assay was used to test the specific target gene of miR-26a. Transwell assay was employed to determine the migration and invasion of OS cell lines. In the present study, miRNA-26a was frequently downregulated in OS tissues and cells. Overexpression of miR-26a inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro. In addition, miR-26a downregulated HMGA1 by targeting its 3′-UTR and knockdown of HMGA1 significantly suppressed the migration and invasion of two osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro. miR-26a suppressed the migration and invasion of OS cells by targeting HMGA1, suggesting that miR-26a/HMGA1 axis provides a new prospective therapeutic strategy for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Mi
- Department of Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Chunling Shi
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Xiufang Mi
- Department of Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhangqiu Area, Jinan, Shandong 250200, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Peilin Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Qingdao Hiser Medical Center, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, P.R. China
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21
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Wang Z, Li J, Li K, Xu J. SOX6 is downregulated in osteosarcoma and suppresses the migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TWIST1 regulation. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:6803-6811. [PMID: 29512775 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor SOX6 (SOX6) has been reported to serve essential roles in numerous types of cancers. However, the expression and functions of SOX6 in osteosarcoma (OS) have not been analyzed. In the present study, the patterns of SOX6 expression in OS cell lines and tissues were investigated by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The results of the present study revealed that SOX6 was notably downregulated in OS tissues and cell lines. Subsequently, gain‑ and loss‑of‑function studies demonstrated that SOX6 inhibited OS cell migration and invasion. In addition, SOX6 may have suppressed epithelial‑mesenchymal transition via twist‑related protein 1 (TWIST1) modulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), quantitative ChIP and dual luciferase activity assays were used to confirm the binding of SOX6 to the promoter region of TWIST1. Additionally, colony formation assays and Cell Counting Kit‑8 assays demonstrated that SOX6 suppressed cell proliferation. The findings of the present study indicated that SOX6 serves as a tumor suppressor in OS and may be a potential therapeutic target for OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
| | - Junjie Li
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Xu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Changyi People's Hospital, Changyi, Shandong 261300, P.R. China
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22
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Meng Q, Zhang W, Xu X, Li J, Mu H, Liu X, Qin L, Zhu X, Zheng M. The effects of TRAF6 on proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in osteosarcoma are regulated by miR-124. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2968-2976. [PMID: 29436576 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to verify tumor necrosis factor receptor‑associated factor 6 (TRAF6) as the target gene of microRNA-124 (miR-124). In addition, the expression of miR‑124 was investigated in osteosarcoma tissues and cells, and its effects on the biological characteristics of osteosarcoma cells were determined, in order to provide an experimental and theoretical basis for the application of TRAF6 in the treatment of osteosarcoma. A fluorescence reporter enzyme system was used to verify TRAF6 as a target gene of miR‑124, and western blotting was used to detect the effects of miR‑124 on the protein expression levels of TRAF6 in cells. The expression levels of miR‑124 were detected in osteosarcoma tissues and an osteosarcoma cell line (MG‑63) by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, a total of 48 h post‑transfection of MG‑63 cells with a miR‑124 mimic, qPCR was used to detect the expression levels of miR‑124, and the effects of miR‑124 on the viability of MG‑63 human osteosarcoma cells was determined using the MTT method. The effects of miR‑124 on the cell cycle progression and apoptosis of MG‑63 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, whereas the effects of miR‑124 on the migration of MG‑63 cells was detected using the Transwell invasion chamber analysis method. A TRAF6 recombinant expression plasmid (pcDNA3.1‑TRAF6) was also constructed, and MG‑63 cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmid and a miR‑124 mimic, in order to further validate the biological role of miR‑124 via the regulation of TRAF6. The results of the present study indicated that, compared with in the normal control group, the expression levels of miR‑124 were significantly increased in MG‑63 cells transfected with a miR‑124 mimic (P<0.01). In addition, the luciferase reporter gene system demonstrated that, compared with in the control group, relative luciferase activity was significantly reduced in the miR‑124 mimic group (P<0.01). The results of MTT analysis indicated that cell viability was also significantly reduced in response to the overexpression of miR‑124 in MG‑63 cells (P<0.01). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that the proportion of cells in S phase and G2/M phase was significantly decreased (P<0.01) in cells overexpressing miR‑124, and the number of apoptotic cells was significantly increased (P<0.01). Furthermore, the results of the Transwell invasion assay suggested that the number of invasive cells was significantly decreased following enhanced expression of miR‑124 (P<0.01). In MG‑63 cells overexpressing miR‑124 and TRAF6, the results of MTT, flow cytometric and Transwell assay analyses demonstrated that the overexpression of TRAF6 had the opposite biological effects compared to miR‑124 overexpression. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the expression levels of miR‑124 were downregulated in human osteosarcoma tissues and cells, and that miR‑124 is associated with negative regulation of TRAF6 expression; therefore, the role of TRAF6 in primary osteosarcoma may be regulated by miR‑124. Therapeutic strategies that enhance miR‑124 expression or inhibit TRAF6 expression may be beneficial for the treatment of patients with osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Meng
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Mu
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qin
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhu
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
| | - Minqian Zheng
- Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224005, P.R. China
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Yang X, Wang L, Wang Q, Li L, Fu Y, Sun J. MiR-183 inhibits osteosarcoma cell growth and invasion by regulating LRP6-Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:1197-1203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Meng Q, Dai M, Nie X, Zhang W, Xu X, Li J, Mu H, Liu X, Qin L, Zhu X, Yan J, Zheng M. MicroRNA-19 contributes to the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma in vitro by targeting Pax6. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428317744704. [PMID: 29345189 DOI: 10.1177/1010428317744704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to detect the expression of miR-19 and Pax6 (Paired box protein 6) in human osteosarcoma cells and the effects on biological characteristics of osteosarcoma cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of Pax6 and miR-19 in normal human osteoblasts (hFOB 1.19) and osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, Saos-2, and MG-63). Results showed that miR-19 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines compared with that in hFOB 1.19 cells, while the expression of Pax6 messenger RNA was significantly downregulated. Pax6 was defined as the target gene of miR-19 which was validated by luciferase reporter gene analysis. Results indicated that miR-19 had an interaction with Pax6 3'-untranslated region. At the same time, the protein expression of Pax6 was significantly decreased in the MG-63 cells transfected with miR-19 mimic and was notably enhanced in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells transfected with miR-19 inhibitor. These data suggested that Pax6 was a target of miR-19 in osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. The effects of miR-19 on the biological behavior of MG-63 cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay. Results showed that the downregulation of miR-19 inhibited cell viability, reduced the percentage of cells in S phase and the number of cells passing through the Transwell chamber, and increased the number of apoptotic cells. Western blot analysis showed that the inhibition of miR-19 significantly increased the expression of epithelial proteins (E-cadherin and β-catenin) and decreased the expression of mesenchymal protein (Vimentin), extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase in MG-63 cells. MiR-19 inhibitor and Pax6 small interfering RNA were simultaneously transfected into MG-63 cells. Results from 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, flow cytometry, and Transwell assay demonstrated that the inhibition of Pax6 expression in MG-63 cells could reverse the cell biological effects induced by the inhibition of miR-19 expression. Based on these findings, it was suggested that miR-19, upregulated in osteosarcoma cells, negatively regulated the expression of Pax6, which can promote the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma cells via activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways. Therefore, miR-19/Pax6 may offer potential for use as a target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbing Meng
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Ming Dai
- 2 Department of Medical Laboratory, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Nie
- 3 Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Xingli Xu
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Mu
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Liu
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Ling Qin
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqi Zhu
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yan
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
| | - Minqian Zheng
- 1 Orthopedics Department, Yancheng City No. 1 People's Hospital, Yancheng, P.R. China
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Takahashi Y, Yasui T, Tamari K, Minami K, Otani K, Isohashi F, Seo Y, Kambe R, Koizumi M, Ogawa K. Radiation enhanced the local and distant anti-tumor efficacy in dual immune checkpoint blockade therapy in osteosarcoma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189697. [PMID: 29253865 PMCID: PMC5734786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy has been long utilized as localized cancer treatment. Recent studies have also demonstrated that it has a distant effect by the enhanced immunity, but it rarely occurs. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether X-ray irradiation combined with anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibodies (P1C4) provides a higher probability of this distant effect as well as enhanced local antitumor efficacy for osteosarcoma. LM8 mouse osteosarcoma cells were inoculated into both legs of C3H mice assigned to one of four groups, namely no treatment (No Tx), P1C4, X-ray irradiation (RAD) to the leg of one side, and combination (COMB) groups. Survival and treatment-related immune molecular changes were analyzed. Administration of P1C4 produced a tumor growth delay on day 30 in 18% of the mice. In contrast, combination therapy produced the strongest tumor growth inhibition not only at the irradiated tumor but also at unirradiated tumor in 67% of the mice. Accordingly, lung metastasis in the COMB group was strongly reduced by 98%, with a significant survival benefit. Unirradiated tumor in mice in the COMB group significantly recruited CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes with a moderate reduction of Treg, producing a significant increase in the CD8/Treg ratio. These results suggest that radiation enhances the efficacy of P1C4 treatment against distant metastasis as well as local control in osteosarcoma. Our data suggest that radiation therapy combined with dual checkpoint blockade may be a promising therapeutic option for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Takahashi
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomohiro Yasui
- Dept. of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tamari
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Minami
- Dept. of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Otani
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Isohashi
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuji Seo
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kambe
- Dept. of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiko Koizumi
- Dept. of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Dept. of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Wu Q, Zhu J, Liu F, Liu J, Li M. Downregulation of 14-3-3β inhibits proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2493-2500. [PMID: 29207109 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The 14-3-3 protein isoform β (14‑3‑3β), which is an intracellular adaptor protein that exists in all eukaryotic organisms, is highly expressed in many cancer tissues, including glioma, lung carcinoma and breast cancer. However, 14‑3‑3β expression and function in osteosarcoma progression remain unknown. In the present study, the endogenous expression of 14‑3‑3β was assessed in osteosarcoma samples and the effect of 14‑3‑3β knockdown was examined in human osteosarcoma MG63 cells using small interfering RNA (siRNA). mRNA and protein expression levels for 14‑3‑3β were detected by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase reaction and western blotting, respectively. The results demonstrated that endogenous 14‑3‑3β mRNA and protein were highly expressed in human osteosarcoma tissues and osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS, MG63 and SaOs‑2), but not in normal bone tissues or normal osteoblast hFOB1.19 cells. These data suggested that increased expression of 14‑3‑3β may be significantly associated with the development and progression of osteosarcoma. Therefore, the effect of 14‑3‑3β knockdown in MG63 cells was further examined in vitro. Knockdown of 14‑3‑3β by siRNA significantly decreased cell viability, and inhibited cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, 14‑3‑3β knockdown significantly decreased the protein expression levels of β‑catenin, cyclin D1, v‑myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog and matrix metallopeptidase 9 in osteosarcoma MG63 cells. These results suggested that the anticancer effects of 14‑3‑3β knockdown in MG63 cells might be mediated by the inhibition of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway. In summary, 14‑3‑3β knockdown decreased proliferation and invasion in MG63 cells, which suggests a potential therapeutic application for 14‑3‑3β as a novel target for the treatment of osteosarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanming Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Fan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Mingpeng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Raimondi L, De Luca A, Costa V, Amodio N, Carina V, Bellavia D, Tassone P, Pagani S, Fini M, Alessandro R, Giavaresi G. Circulating biomarkers in osteosarcoma: new translational tools for diagnosis and treatment. Oncotarget 2017; 8:100831-100851. [PMID: 29246026 PMCID: PMC5725068 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare primary malignant bone tumour arising from primitive bone-forming mesenchymal cells, with high incidence in children and young adults, accounting for approximately 60% of all malignant bone tumours. Currently, long-term disease-free survival can be achieved by surgical treatment plus chemotherapy in approximately 60% of patients with localized extremity disease, and in 20-30% of patients with metastatic lung or bone disease. Diagnosis of primary lesions and recurrences is achieved by using radiological investigations and standard tissue biopsy, the latter being costly, painful and hardly repeatable for patients. Therefore, despite some recent advances, novel biomarkers for OS diagnosis, prediction of response to therapy, disease progression and chemoresistance, are urgently needed. Biological fluids such as blood represent a rich source of non-invasive cancer biomarkers, which allow to understand what is really happening inside the tumour, either at diagnosis or during disease progression. In this regard, liquid biopsy potentially represents an alternative and non-invasive method to detect tumour onset, progression and response to therapy. In this review, we will summarize the state of the art in this novel area, illustrating recent studies on OS. Although the data reported in literature seem preliminary, liquid biopsy represents a promising tool with the potential to be rapidly translated in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Raimondi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela De Luca
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Costa
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Daniele Bellavia
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Pagani
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Biopathology and Medical Biotechnology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology (IBIM), National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Innovative Technology Platforms for Tissue Engineering, Theranostic and Oncology, Palermo, Italy
- Rizzoli Orthopedic Institute, Laboratory of Preclinical and Surgical Studies, Bologna, Italy
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Simpson S, Dunning MD, de Brot S, Grau-Roma L, Mongan NP, Rutland CS. Comparative review of human and canine osteosarcoma: morphology, epidemiology, prognosis, treatment and genetics. Acta Vet Scand 2017; 59:71. [PMID: 29065898 PMCID: PMC5655853 DOI: 10.1186/s13028-017-0341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a rare cancer in people. However OSA incidence rates in dogs are 27 times higher than in people. Prognosis in both species is relatively poor, with 5 year OSA survival rates in people not having improved in decades. For dogs, 1 year survival rates are only around ~ 45%. Improved and novel treatment regimens are urgently required to improve survival in both humans and dogs with OSA. Utilising information from genetic studies could assist in this in both species, with the higher incidence rates in dogs contributing to the dog population being a good model of human disease. This review compares the clinical characteristics, gross morphology and histopathology, aetiology, epidemiology, and genetics of canine and human OSA. Finally, the current position of canine OSA genetic research is discussed and areas for additional work within the canine population are identified.
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29
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Li N, Sun ZH, Fang M, Xin JY, Wan CY. Long non-coding RNA ZFAS1 sponges miR-486 to promote osteosarcoma cells progression and metastasis in vitro and vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104160-104170. [PMID: 29262629 PMCID: PMC5732795 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been wildly demonstrated to participate in the osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. ZFAS1 is a novel identified lncRNA, however, its role in osteosarcoma is still unclear. In present study, we utilize lncRNA microarray assay to screen the lncRNA expression profile in osteosarcoma tissue, and investigate the regulatory function of ZFAS1 in osteosarcoma. LncRNA microarray assay revealed that lncRNA ZFAS1 was significantly up-regulated in 3 pairs of osteosarcoma and adjacent non-tumor tissue, which was confirmed by RT-PCR. Furthermore, in 53 pairs of osteosarcoma patient samples, the up-regulated expression of ZFAS1 was closely related to poor prognosis. In vitro, loss-of-function experiments showed that ZFAS1 knockdown significantly suppressed the proliferation, induced cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and enhance apoptosis. In vivo, ZFAS1 knockdown inhibited the tumor growth. Bioinformatics online programs predicted that ZFAS1 sponge miR-486 at 3’-UTR with complementary binding sites, which was validated using luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. Rescue experiments confirmed that miR-486 could reverse the functions of ZFAS1 on osteosarcoma genesis. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ZFAS1 act as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-486, and act as oncogene in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis, and discover the functional regulatory pathway of ZFAS1 sponging miR-486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhen-Hui Sun
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Min Fang
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Jing-Yi Xin
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Chun-You Wan
- Department of Traumatic Orthopedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
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30
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Gümbel D, Bekeschus S, Gelbrich N, Napp M, Ekkernkamp A, Kramer A, Stope MB. Cold Atmospheric Plasma in the Treatment of Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18092004. [PMID: 28925941 PMCID: PMC5618653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18092004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor occurring most commonly in adolescents and young adults. Major improvements in disease-free survival have been achieved by implementing a combination therapy consisting of radical surgical resection of the tumor and systemic multi-agent chemotherapy. However, long-term survival remains poor, so novel targeted therapies to improve outcomes for patients with osteosarcoma remains an area of active research. This includes immunotherapy, photodynamic therapy, or treatment with nanoparticles. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP), a highly reactive (partially) ionized physical state, has been shown to inherit a significant anticancer capacity, leading to a new field in medicine called “plasma oncology.” The current article summarizes the potential of CAP in the treatment of human OS and reviews the underlying molecular mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gümbel
- Department of Trauma, Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Warener Str. 7, 12683 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP Greifswald), ZIK plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Nadine Gelbrich
- Department of Trauma, Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Matthias Napp
- Department of Trauma, Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Axel Ekkernkamp
- Department of Trauma, Reconstructive Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, BG Klinikum Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin gGmbH, Warener Str. 7, 12683 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Axel Kramer
- Department of Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Str. 49a, 17485 Greifswald, Germany.
| | - Matthias B Stope
- Department of Urology, University Medicine Greifswald, Ferdinand-Sauerbruch-Straße, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
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31
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Jiang R, Zhang C, Liu G, Gu R, Wu H. Retracted
: MicroRNA‐126 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, and EMT in Osteosarcoma by Targeting ZEB1. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:3765-3774. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyThe Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Guangyao Liu
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Rui Gu
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Han Wu
- Department of OrthopedicsChina‐Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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32
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Wang J, Sun G. FOXO1-MALAT1-miR-26a-5p Feedback Loop Mediates Proliferation and Migration in Osteosarcoma Cells. Oncol Res 2017; 25:1517-1527. [PMID: 28160461 PMCID: PMC7841132 DOI: 10.3727/096504017x14859934460780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
miR-26a has been found to be downregulated in osteosarcoma (OS) when compared with normal control tissues and has been shown to suppress the malignant behaviors of OS cells. The underlying mechanism, nevertheless, remains unknown. In our study, the long noncoding RNA MALAT1, confirmed to be significantly upregulated in OS, is first shown to be capable of promoting proliferation and migration by directly suppressing miR-26a-5p in OS cells. In addition, we have identified forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) as a transcriptional factor of MALAT1 that can negatively regulate MALAT1. We have shown that MALAT1 promoted growth and migration through inhibiting miR-26a-5p in OS cells. Suppression of FOXO1, identified as a regulatory transcriptional factor of MALAT1, was shown to be able to slow down both proliferation and metastases in OS cells, suggesting that targeting FOXO1 can be useful in the therapy of patients with OS.
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33
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Zhang W, Han S, Sun K. Combined analysis of gene expression, miRNA expression and DNA methylation profiles of osteosarcoma. Oncol Rep 2016; 37:1175-1181. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Xu J, Ding R, Xu Y. Effects of long non-coding RNA SPRY4-IT1 on osteosarcoma cell biological behavior. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:5330-5337. [PMID: 28078006 PMCID: PMC5209486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent findings indicate that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were dysregulated in many kinds of tumors including osteosarcoma (OS). SPRY4-IT1 has been recently revealed as oncogenic regulator in various cancers, while its clinical value and potential function in OS are still unknown. To investigate the role of SPRY4-IT1 in OS, we evaluated the expression SPRY4-IT1 in OS tissues and cell lines, and investigated the effect of SPRY4-IT1 siRNA on cell proliferation, migration and invasion of OS in vitro. Our result showed that SPRY4-IT1 was upregulated in OS tissues. Further experiments revealed that SPRY4-IT1 knockdown significantly inhibited OS cells proliferation by causing G1 arrest and promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibitory effects of SPRY4-IT1 on cell migration and invasion were partly associated with EMT process. In conclusion, these data suggest that SPRY4-IT1 could be an oncogene for OS, and may be served as a candidate target for new therapies in human OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine HospitalShanghai, China
| | - Ren Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Baoshan District Shanghai Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine HospitalShanghai, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou, China
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignancy of bone and patients with metastatic disease or recurrences continue to have very poor outcomes. Unfortunately, little prognostic improvement has been generated from the last 20 years of research and a new perspective is warranted. OS is extremely heterogeneous in both its origins and manifestations. Although multiple associations have been made between the development of osteosarcoma and race, gender, age, various genomic alterations, and exposure situations among others, the etiology remains unclear and controversial. Noninvasive diagnostic methods include serum markers like alkaline phosphatase and a growing variety of imaging techniques including X-ray, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission as well as combinations thereof. Still, biopsy and microscopic examination are required to confirm the diagnosis and carry additional prognostic implications such as subtype classification and histological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The current standard of care combines surgical and chemotherapeutic techniques, with a multitude of experimental biologics and small molecules currently in development and some in clinical trial phases. In this review, in addition to summarizing the current understanding of OS etiology, diagnostic methods, and the current standard of care, our group describes various experimental therapeutics and provides evidence to encourage a potential paradigm shift toward the introduction of immunomodulation, which may offer a more comprehensive approach to battling cancer pleomorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brock A Lindsey
- Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
| | - Justin E Markel
- Department of Orthopaedics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma, a bone cancer most commonly seen in adolescents and young adults, is usually a high-grade malignancy characterized by a very high risk for the development of pulmonary metastases. High-grade osteosarcomas are usually treated by preoperative and postoperative chemotherapy and surgery, with a very limited number of active agents available. Rarer lower-grade variants such as parosteal and periosteal osteosarcoma or low-grade central osteosarcoma are treated by surgery only. Imaging to search for possible metastases focuses on the lung. Computed tomography is the most sensitive method but cannot reliably distinguish small metastases from benign lesions. Advances of local imaging and surgical reconstruction now allow the use of limb-salvage in an ever-increasing proportion of patients. While still troubled by complications, non-invasive endoprosthesis-lengthening mechanisms have led to an increased uptake of limb-salvage, even for young, skeletally immature patients. Radiotherapy is employed when osteosarcomas cannot be removed with clear margins, but very high doses are required, and both proton and carbon-ion radiotherapy are under investigation. Unfortunately, the past 30 years have witnessed few, if any, survival improvements. Novel agents have not led to universally accepted changes of treatment standards. In patients with operable high-grade osteosarcomas, the extent of histological response to preoperative chemotherapy is a significant predictive factor for both local and systemic control. Attempts to improve prognosis by adapting postoperative treatment to response, recently tested in a randomized, prospective setting by the European and American Osteosarcoma Study Group, have not been proven to be beneficial. Many agree that only increased knowledge about osteosarcoma biology will lead to novel, effective treatment approaches and will be able to move the field forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan S Bielack
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hecker-Nolting
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Claudia Blattmann
- Klinikum Stuttgart - Olgahospital, Zentrum für Kinder-, Jugend- und Frauenmedizin; Pädiatrie 5 (Onkologie, Hämatologie, Immunologie), Kriegsbergstrasse 62, Stuttgart Cancer Center, Germany
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Medical University Vienna and Children's Cancer Research Institute CCRI, Vienna, Austria
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Clinical Decision Making: Integrating Advances in the Molecular Understanding of Spine Tumors. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2016; 41 Suppl 20:S171-S177. [PMID: 27488298 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000001836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Literature review. OBJECTIVE To describe advancements in molecular techniques, biomarkers, technology, and targeted therapeutics and the potential these modalities hold to predict treatment paradigms, clinical outcomes, and/or survival in patients diagnosed with primary spinal column tumors. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Advances in molecular technologies and techniques have influenced the prevention, diagnosis, and overall management of patients diagnosed with cancer. Assessment of genomic, proteomic alterations, epigenetic, and posttranslational modifications as well as developments in diagnostic modalities and targeted therapeutics, although the best studied in nonspinal metastatic disease, have led to increased understanding of spine oncology that is expected to improve patient outcomes. In this manuscript, the technological advancements that are expected to change the landscape of spinal oncology are discussed with a focus on how these technologies will aid in clinical decision-making for patients diagnosed with primary spinal tumors. METHODS A review of the literature was performed focusing on studies that integrated next-generation sequencing, circulating tumor cells/circulating tumor DNA, advances in imaging modalities and/or radiotherapy in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. RESULTS We discuss genetic and epigenetic drivers, aberrations in receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, and emerging therapeutic strategies that include receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immunotherapy strategies, and vaccine-based cancer prevention strategies. CONCLUSION The wide range of approaches currently in use and the emerging technologies yet to be fully realized will allow for better development of rationale therapeutics to improve patient outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Kager L, Tamamyan G, Bielack S. Novel insights and therapeutic interventions for pediatric osteosarcoma. Future Oncol 2016; 13:357-368. [PMID: 27651036 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcomas are the most common primary malignant tumors of bone. With complete surgical resection and multi-agent chemotherapy up to 70% of patients with high-grade osteosarcomas and localized extremity tumors can become long-term survivors. The prognosis, however, is poor for patients with nonresectable, primary metastatic or relapsed disease. Outcome is essentially unchanged for three decades. Herein, we describe selected novel insights into the genomics, biology and immunology of the disease and discuss selected strategies, which hold promise to overcome the current stagnation in the therapeutic success in childhood osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo Kager
- Department of Pediatrics, St Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gevorg Tamamyan
- Department of Oncology, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.,Clinic of Chemotherapy, Muratsan Hospital Complex of Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Stefan Bielack
- Klinikum Stuttgart, Olgahospital, Pediatrics 5 - Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Stuttgart, Germany
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Wang Z, Li B, Ren Y, Ye Z. T-Cell-Based Immunotherapy for Osteosarcoma: Challenges and Opportunities. Front Immunol 2016; 7:353. [PMID: 27683579 PMCID: PMC5021687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though combining surgery with chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, advanced, metastatic, or recurrent osteosarcomas are often non-responsive to chemotherapy, making development of novel efficient therapeutic methods an urgent need. Adoptive immunotherapy has the potential to be a useful non-surgical modality for treatment of osteosarcoma. Recently, alternative strategies, including immunotherapies using naturally occurring or genetically modified T cells, have been found to hold promise in the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. In this review, we will discuss possible T-cell-based therapies against osteosarcoma with a special emphasis on combination strategies to improve the effectiveness of adoptive T cell transfer and, thus, to provide a rationale for the clinical development of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Binghao Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yingqing Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
| | - Zhaoming Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Centre for Orthopaedic Research, Orthopaedics Research Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine , Hangzhou , China
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Chen Z, Wu J, Guo Q. Actein Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Migration in Human Osteosarcoma. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:1609-16. [PMID: 27173526 PMCID: PMC4918520 DOI: 10.12659/msm.898483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is one of the most common malignant bone cancers worldwide. Although the traditional chemotherapies have made some progression in the past decades, the mortality of osteosarcoma in children and adolescent is very high. Herein, the role of actein in osteosarcoma was explored. Material/Methods Cell viability assay was performed in osteosarcoma cell lines 143B and U2OS. Colony formation analysis was included when cells were treated with different doses of actin. Cell cycle assay was conducted to further examine the role of actein. Cell apoptotic rate and the relative activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were detected in 143B and U2OS osteosarcoma cells. Moreover, transwell assays were used to explore the effects of actein on cell metastasis. Results Actein significantly inhibited osteosarcoma cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Actein also dramatically suppressed the colony formation ability in osteosarcoma143B and U2OS cells. It was revealed that osteosarcoma cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase in the cell cycle progression and induced to apoptosis by administration of actein. The activities of pro-apoptotic factors such as caspase-3 and caspase-9 were significantly increased by actein. Furthermore, administration of actein decreased cell migrated and invasive abilities in both 143B and U2OS cell lines. Conclusions Actein inhibits tumor growth by inducing cell apoptosis in osteosarcoma. The inhibitive roles of actein in cell proliferation, migration and invasion suggest that actein may serve as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Jingdong Wu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Qinghao Guo
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Wuhan Central Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
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Petca RC, Gavriliu S, Burnei G. Retrospective clinicopathological study of malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania - single center experience. J Med Life 2016; 9:205-10. [PMID: 27453756 PMCID: PMC4863516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE There is few data on epidemiology or clinico-pathology of malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania. These tumors are very rare compared to other malignancies, yet they account for a major source of mortality and morbidity among patients with cancer. Bone tumors often have a similar presentation and clinical approach, but they present individual characteristics that are important for treatment and prognosis. OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics of primary malignant bone tumors in children and adolescents in Romania. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective analysis of all malignant bone tumors registered at a large referral center, "Maria Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Hospital for Children, between 2005 and 2013 was presented. A total of 146 biopsies and surgical resection specimens were reviewed during this period, and were classified as malignant bone tumors. There were 91 boys and 55 girls in the series, with a male-female ratio of 1.65:1. The average patient age was 13.32 years (2 to 19). The most common anatomical distribution of the tumors was femur - 32.19%, tibia - 25.34% and humerus - 11.64%. Histologically, we found osteosarcoma in 54.1% of all bone tumors, followed by Ewing's sarcoma - 30.82% and chondrosarcoma - 8.9%. DISCUSSION Geographic location did not appear to represent a risk factor for any particular type of bone tumor. Our results were parallel to the findings previously reported in the general literature; the distribution and the epidemiology were similar to those in the other developed and underdeveloped countries. Malignant bone tumors in our country have a high mortality rate, because of the late diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Petca
- "Carol-Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Gavriliu
- Department of Pediatric and Orthopedic Surgery, "Maria Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania
| | - G Burnei
- "Carol-Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania,; Department of Pediatric and Orthopedic Surgery, "Maria Sklodowska Curie" Emergency Hospital for Children, Bucharest, Romania
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