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Varricchi G, Brightling CE, Grainge C, Lambrecht BN, Chanez P. Airway remodelling in asthma and the epithelium: on the edge of a new era. Eur Respir J 2024; 63:2301619. [PMID: 38609094 PMCID: PMC11024394 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01619-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic, heterogeneous disease of the airways, often characterised by structural changes known collectively as airway remodelling. In response to environmental insults, including pathogens, allergens and pollutants, the epithelium can initiate remodelling via an inflammatory cascade involving a variety of mediators that have downstream effects on both structural and immune cells. These mediators include the epithelial cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin (IL)-33 and IL-25, which facilitate airway remodelling through cross-talk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts, and between mast cells and airway smooth muscle cells, as well as through signalling with immune cells such as macrophages. The epithelium can also initiate airway remodelling independently of inflammation in response to the mechanical stress present during bronchoconstriction. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic alterations to epithelial components are believed to influence remodelling. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the roles of the epithelium and epithelial cytokines in driving airway remodelling, facilitated by developments in genetic sequencing and imaging techniques. We also explore how new and existing therapeutics that target the epithelium and epithelial cytokines could modify airway remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, WAO Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- G. Varricchi and C.E. Brightling contributed equally
| | - Christopher E. Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- G. Varricchi and C.E. Brightling contributed equally
| | - Christopher Grainge
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Bart N. Lambrecht
- Center for Inflammation Research, Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pascal Chanez
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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2
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Infante Cruz A, Coronel JV, Saibene Vélez P, Remes Lenicov F, Iturrizaga J, Abelleyro M, Rosato M, Shiromizu CM, Candolfi M, Vermeulen M, Jancic C, Yasuda E, Berner S, Villaverde MS, Salamone GV. Relevance of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin on the Pathogenesis of Glioblastoma: Role of the Neutrophil. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:31. [PMID: 38557942 PMCID: PMC10984908 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01462-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most predominant and malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine primarily generated by activated epithelial cells, has recently garnered attention in cancer research. This study was aimed to elucidate the significance of TSLP in GBM cells and its interplay with the immune system, particularly focused on granulocyte neutrophils. Our results demonstrate that the tumor produces TSLP when stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) in both the U251 cell line and the GBM biopsy (GBM-b). The relevance of the TSLP function was evaluated using a 3D spheroid model. Spheroids exhibited increased diameter, volume, and proliferation. In addition, TSLP promoted the generation of satellites surrounding the main spheroids and inhibited apoptosis in U251 treated with temozolomide (TMZ). Additionally, the co-culture of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells from healthy donors with the U251 cell line in the presence of TSLP showed a reduction in apoptosis and an increase in IL-8 production. TSLP directly inhibited apoptosis in PMN from GBM patients (PMN-p). Interestingly, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production was elevated in PMN-p compared with PMN from healthy donors. Under these conditions, TSLP also increased VEGF production, in PMN from healthy donors. Moreover, TSLP upregulated programed death-ligand 1 (PDL-1) expression in PMN cultured with U251. On the other hand, according to our results, the analysis of RNA-seq datasets from Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencing platform performed with TIMER2.0 webserver demonstrated that the combination of TSLP with neutrophils decreases the survival of the patient. In conclusion, our results position TSLP as a possible new growth factor in GBM and indicate its modulation of the tumor microenvironment, particularly through its interaction with PMN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Infante Cruz
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Valentin Coronel
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Saibene Vélez
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Federico Remes Lenicov
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Paraguay 2155, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Iturrizaga
- División Neurocirugía, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas A Lanari, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. Combatientes de Malvinas 3150, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín Abelleyro
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Micaela Rosato
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Maiumi Shiromizu
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marianela Candolfi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mónica Vermeulen
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carolina Jancic
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Yasuda
- Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Berner
- Servicio de Neurocirugía de la Clínica y Maternidad Santa Isabel, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Solange Villaverde
- Unidad de Transferencia Genética, Área Investigación, Instituto de Oncología Ángel H. Roffo, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Verónica Salamone
- Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX-CONICET), Academia Nacional de Medicina, Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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3
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Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Mei Q, Zhao B, Chu Q, Dai Z, Wu K. Exploiting innate immunity for cancer immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:187. [PMID: 38008741 PMCID: PMC10680233 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01885-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment paradigms of various types of cancers. However, most of these immunomodulatory strategies focus on harnessing adaptive immunity, mainly by inhibiting immunosuppressive signaling with immune checkpoint blockade, or enhancing immunostimulatory signaling with bispecific T cell engager and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell. Although these agents have already achieved great success, only a tiny percentage of patients could benefit from immunotherapies. Actually, immunotherapy efficacy is determined by multiple components in the tumor microenvironment beyond adaptive immunity. Cells from the innate arm of the immune system, such as macrophages, dendritic cells, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and unconventional T cells, also participate in cancer immune evasion and surveillance. Considering that the innate arm is the cornerstone of the antitumor immune response, utilizing innate immunity provides potential therapeutic options for cancer control. Up to now, strategies exploiting innate immunity, such as agonists of stimulator of interferon genes, CAR-macrophage or -natural killer cell therapies, metabolic regulators, and novel immune checkpoint blockade, have exhibited potent antitumor activities in preclinical and clinical studies. Here, we summarize the latest insights into the potential roles of innate cells in antitumor immunity and discuss the advances in innate arm-targeted therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Mei
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, College of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Shi C, Pei S, Ding Y, Tao C, Zhu Y, Peng Y, Li W, Yi Y. Exosomes with overexpressed miR 147a suppress angiogenesis and infammatory injury in an experimental model of atopic dermatitis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8904. [PMID: 37264030 PMCID: PMC10235063 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34418-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is defined as an intensely systemic inflammation among skin diseases. Exosomes derived from adipose-derived stem cells may be a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy for atopic dermatitis treatment. This study aims to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism of adipose-derived stem cells-exosomes harboring microRNA-147a in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis. BALB/c mice treated with Dermatophagoides farinae extract/2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene were defined as a mouse model of atopic dermatitis, either with inflamed HaCaT cells and HUVECs exposed with TNF-α/IFN-γ stimulation were applied for a cell model of atopic dermatitis. The concentrations of IL-1β and TNF-α in the supernatants were examined by ELISA. Cell viability and migration were assessed by MTT and Transwell assay. The apoptosis was examined using flow cytometry and TUNEL staining. The tube formation assay was employed to analyzed angiogenesis. The molecular regulations among miR-147a, MEF2A, TSLP and VEGFA were confirmed using luciferase reporter assay, either with ChIP. microRNA-147a was markedly downregulated in the serum and skin samples of atopic dermatitis mice, of which overexpression remarkably promoted HaCaT cell proliferation, meanwhile inhibiting inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. microRNA-147a in adipose-derived stem cells was subsequently overexpressed, and exosomes (Exos-miR-147a mimics) were collected. Functionally, exos-microRNA-147a mimics attenuated TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HaCaT cell inflammatory response and apoptosis, and suppressed HUVECs angiogenesis. Encouraging, molecular interaction experiments revealed that exosomal microRNA-147a suppressed TNF-α/IFN-γ-induced HUVECs angiogenesis by targeting VEGFA, and exosomal microRNA-147a repressed HaCaT cells inflammatory injury through the MEF2A-TSLP axis. Mechanistically, exosomal microRNA-147a repressed pathological angiogenesis and inflammatory injury during atopic dermatitis progression by targeting VEGFA and MEF2A-TSLP axis. microRNA-147a-overexpressing adipose-derived stem cells-derived exosomes suppressed pathological angiogenesis and inflammatory injury in atopic dermatitis by targeting VEGFA and MEF2A-TSLP axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlong Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujun Pei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Congmin Tao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Peng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyan Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 1, Minde Road, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
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5
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Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pleiotropic cytokine that acts on multiple cell lineages, including dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils and innate lymphoid cells, affecting their maturation, survival and recruitment. It is best known for its role in promoting type 2 immune responses such as in allergic diseases and, in 2021, a monoclonal antibody targeting TSLP was approved for the treatment of severe asthma. However, it is now clear that TSLP has many other important roles in a variety of settings. Indeed, several genetic variants for TSLP are linked to disease severity, and chromosomal alterations in TSLP are common in certain cancers, indicating important roles of TSLP in disease. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in TSLP biology, highlighting how it regulates the tissue environment not only in allergic disease but also in infectious diseases, inflammatory diseases and cancer. Encouragingly, therapies targeting the TSLP pathway are being actively pursued for several diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Ebina-Shibuya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Warren J Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Dual Effect of Immune Cells within Tumour Microenvironment: Pro- and Anti-Tumour Effects and Their Triggers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14071681. [PMID: 35406451 PMCID: PMC8996887 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14071681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our body is constantly exposed to pathogens or external threats, but with the immune response that our body can develop, we can fight off and defeat possible attacks or infections. Nevertheless, sometimes this threat comes from an internal factor. Situations such as the existence of a tumour also cause our immune system (IS) to be put on alert. Indeed, the link between immunology and cancer is evident these days, with IS being used as one of the important targets for treating cancer. Our IS is able to eliminate those abnormal or damaged cells found in our body, preventing the uncontrolled proliferation of tumour cells that can lead to cancer. However, in several cases, tumour cells can escape from the IS. It has been observed that immune cells, the extracellular matrix, blood vessels, fat cells and various molecules could support tumour growth and development. Thus, the developing tumour receives structural support, irrigation and energy, among other resources, making its survival and progression possible. All these components that accompany and help the tumour to survive and to grow are called the tumour microenvironment (TME). Given the importance of its presence in the tumour development process, this review will focus on one of the components of the TME: immune cells. Immune cells can support anti-tumour immune response protecting us against tumour cells; nevertheless, they can also behave as pro-tumoural cells, thus promoting tumour progression and survival. In this review, the anti-tumour and pro-tumour immunity of several immune cells will be discussed. In addition, the TME influence on this dual effect will be also analysed.
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7
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Braile M, Fiorelli A, Sorriento D, Di Crescenzo RM, Galdiero MR, Marone G, Santini M, Varricchi G, Loffredo S. Human Lung-Resident Macrophages Express and Are Targets of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in the Tumor Microenvironment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082012. [PMID: 34440780 PMCID: PMC8392295 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a pleiotropic cytokine highly expressed by epithelial cells and several innate and adaptive immune cells. TSLP exerts its biological effects by binding to a heterodimeric complex composed of TSLP receptor (TSLPR) and IL-7Rα. In humans, there are two TSLP isoforms: the short form (sfTSLP), constitutively expressed, and the long form (lfTSLP), which is upregulated in inflammation. TSLP has been implicated in the induction and progression of several experimental and human cancers. Primary human lung macrophages (HLMs), monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs), and peripheral blood monocytes consitutively expressed sfTSLP mRNA. Incubation of HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or IL-4, but not with IL-13, induced TSLP release from HLMs. LPS, but not IL-4 or IL-13, induced CXCL8 release from HLMs. LPS, IL-4 alone or in combination with IL-13, induced the expression of lfTSLP, but not of sfTSLP from HLMs. Preincubation of HLMs with IL-4, alone or in combination with IL-13, but not IL-13 alone, synergistically enhanced TSLP release from LPS-activated macrophages. By contrast, IL-4, alone or in combination with IL-13, inhibited LPS-induced CXCL8 release from HLMs. Immunoreactive TSLP was detected in lysates of HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes. Incubation of HLMs with TSLP induced the release of proinflammatory (TNF-α), angiogenic (VEGF-A, angiopoietin 2), and lymphangiogenic (VEGF-C) factors. TSLP, TSLPR, and IL-7Rα were expressed in intratumoral and peritumoral areas of human lung cancer. sfTSLP and lfTSLP mRNAs were differentially expressed in peritumoral and intratumoral lung cancer tissues. The TSLP system, expressed in HLMs, MDMs, and monocytes, could play a role in chronic inflammatory disorders including lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariantonia Braile
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (M.R.G.); (G.M.)
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Alfonso Fiorelli
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (R.M.D.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Daniela Sorriento
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Rosa Maria Di Crescenzo
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (R.M.D.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Galdiero
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (M.R.G.); (G.M.)
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (M.R.G.); (G.M.)
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Santini
- Department of Translational Medical and Surgical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (R.M.D.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (M.R.G.); (G.M.)
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Stefania Loffredo
- Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.B.); (M.R.G.); (G.M.)
- WAO Center of Excellence, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.V.); (S.L.)
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Dou A, Fang J. Heterogeneous Myeloid Cells in Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3772. [PMID: 34359674 PMCID: PMC8345207 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating studies highlight a critical role of myeloid cells in cancer biology and therapy. The myeloid cells constitute the major components of tumor microenvironment (TME). The most studied tumor-associated myeloid cells (TAMCs) include monocytes, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), dendritic cells (DCs), cancer-related circulating neutrophils, tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These heterogenous myeloid cells perform pro-tumor or anti-tumor function, exerting complex and even opposing effects on all stages of tumor development, such as malignant clonal evolution, growth, survival, invasiveness, dissemination and metastasis of tumor cells. TAMCs also reshape TME and tumor vasculature to favor tumor development. The main function of these myeloid cells is to modulate the behavior of lymphocytes, forming immunostimulatory or immunosuppressive TME cues. In addition, TAMCs play a critical role in modulating the response to cancer therapy. Targeting TAMCs is vigorously tested as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy or immunotherapy. This review briefly introduces the TAMC subpopulations and their function in tumor cells, TME, angiogenesis, immunomodulation, and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Fang
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
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Wang SH, Zuo YG. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Cutaneous Immune-Mediated Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:698522. [PMID: 34249003 PMCID: PMC8264505 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.698522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) was initially demonstrated to be critical in regulating inflammatory responses among various allergic disorders (such as atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and asthma). Although two isoforms (short form and long form) of TSLP have been demonstrated in human tissues, the long form of TSLP (lfTSLP) is strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of allergies and cutaneous immune-mediated diseases. The immunomodulatory activity of lfTSLP varies widely, driving T helper (Th) cells polarizing Th2 and Th17 immune responses and inducing itch. Moreover, lfTSLP is closely associated with skin fibrosis, epidermal hyperplasia, angiogenesis, and homeostatic tolerogenic regulations. This review highlights significant progress from experimental and clinical studies on lfTSLP in cutaneous immune-mediated diseases (atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, bullous pemphigoid, systemic sclerosis, chronic spontaneous urticaria, Behçet’s disease, vitiligo, rosacea, systemic lupus erythematosus, and alopecia areata). We also offer original insights into the pleiotropic properties of the cytokine TSLP in various pathophysiological conditions, with significant clinical implications of TSLP-targeted therapies for immune-mediated skin diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Gang Zuo
- Department of Dermatology, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases, Translational Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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10
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Chan LKY, Lau TS, Chung KY, Tam C, Cheung TH, Yim SF, Lee JHS, Leung RWT, Qin J, Or YYY, Lo KW, Kwong J. Short-Form Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (sfTSLP) Is the Predominant Isoform Expressed by Gynaecologic Cancers and Promotes Tumour Growth. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13050980. [PMID: 33652749 PMCID: PMC7956741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13050980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cytokines are a group of small proteins in the body that play an important part in boosting the immune system. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine that plays an important role in the maturation of T cells. Two variants of TSLP, long-form (lfTSLP) and short-form (sfTSLP), have been found, however their roles in cancers are not known. In this study, we discovered that sfTSLP, but not lfTSLP, is predominantly expressed in ovarian and endometrial cancers. The switch that turns the sfTSLP gene on or off is controlled by external modifications of DNA. Our results also found that sfTSLP promotes tumour growth through activating several signal pathways in cancer cells. Abstract Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an epithelial cell derived cytokine belonging to the IL-7 family and a key initiator of allergic inflammation. Two main isoforms of TSLP, classified as long- (lfTSLP) and short-form (sfTSLP), have been reported in human, but their expression patterns and role(s) in cancers are not yet clear. mRNA expression was examined by isoform-specific RT-PCR and RNA in situ hybridisation. Epigenetic regulation was investigated by chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR and bisulfite sequencing. Tumour progression was investigated by gene overexpression, cell viability assay, cancer organoid culture and transwell invasion. Signals were investigated by proteome profiler protein array and RNA-sequencing. With the use of isoform-specific primers and probes, we uncovered that only sfTSLP was expressed in the cell lines and tumour tissues of human ovarian and endometrial cancers. We also showed the epigenetic regulation of sfTSLP: sfTSLP transcription was regulated by histone acetylation at promoters in ovarian cancer cells, whereas silencing of the sfTSLP transcripts was regulated by promoter DNA methylation in endometrial cancer cells. In vitro study showed that ectopically overexpressing sfTSLP promoted tumour growth but not invasion. Human phosphokinase array application demonstrated that the sfTSLP overexpression activated phosphorylation of multiple intracellular kinases (including GSK3α/β, AMPKα1, p53, AKT1/2, ERK1/2 and Src) in ovarian cancer cells in a context-dependent manner. We further investigated the impact of sfTSLP overexpression on transcriptome by RNA-sequencing and found that EFNB2 and PBX1 were downregulated in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells, suggesting their role in sfTSLP-mediated tumour growth. In conclusion, sfTSLP is predominantly expressed in ovarian and endometrial cancers and promotes tumour growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loucia Kit Ying Chan
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Tat San Lau
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Kit Ying Chung
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Chit Tam
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Tak Hong Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - So Fan Yim
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Jacqueline Ho Sze Lee
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
| | - Ricky Wai Tak Leung
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 510006, China; (R.W.T.L.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jing Qin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 510006, China; (R.W.T.L.); (J.Q.)
| | - Yvonne Yan Yan Or
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Y.Y.Y.O.); (K.W.L.)
| | - Kwok Wai Lo
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (Y.Y.Y.O.); (K.W.L.)
| | - Joseph Kwong
- Department of Obstetrics of Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (L.K.Y.C.); (T.S.L.); (K.Y.C.); (C.T.); (T.H.C.); (S.F.Y.); (J.H.S.L.)
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme ST5 5BG, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +852-3505-2801
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11
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Grisaru-Tal S, Itan M, Klion AD, Munitz A. A new dawn for eosinophils in the tumour microenvironment. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:594-607. [PMID: 32678342 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0283-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophils are evolutionarily conserved, pleotropic cells that display key effector functions in allergic diseases, such as asthma. Nonetheless, eosinophils infiltrate multiple tumours and are equipped to regulate tumour progression either directly by interacting with tumour cells or indirectly by shaping the tumour microenvironment (TME). Eosinophils can readily respond to diverse stimuli and are capable of synthesizing and secreting a large range of molecules, including unique granule proteins that can potentially kill tumour cells. Alternatively, they can secrete pro-angiogenic and matrix-remodelling soluble mediators that could promote tumour growth. Herein, we aim to comprehensively outline basic eosinophil biology that is directly related to their activity in the TME. We discuss the mechanisms of eosinophil homing to the TME and examine their diverse pro-tumorigenic and antitumorigenic functions. Finally, we present emerging data regarding eosinophils as predictive biomarkers and effector cells in immunotherapy, especially in response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, and highlight outstanding questions for future basic and clinical cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Grisaru-Tal
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Itan
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amy D Klion
- Human Eosinophil Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ariel Munitz
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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12
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Protti MP, De Monte L. Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin and Cancer: Th2-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2088. [PMID: 33042121 PMCID: PMC7524868 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an IL-7-like cytokine originally cloned from a murine thymic stromal cell line, and subsequently a human homolog was identified using database search methods. Human TSLP is mostly expressed in epithelial cells, among which are keratinocytes as well as stromal cells such as fibroblasts and immune cells. Human TSLP was first described to activate myeloid dendritic cells, which prime naïve T helper cells to produce high concentrations of Th2 cytokines, thus representing a key cytokine in triggering dendritic cells-mediated allergic Th2 inflammation. TSLP and/or its receptor has been shown to be expressed in several tumor types, where TSLP expression is associated with functional activities that can be associated or not with the induction of a Th2-prone tumor microenvironment, i.e., Th2-dependent and Th2-independent mechanisms. These mechanisms involve tissue- and immune cell target-dependent tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressive functions in different or even the same tumor type. Here we report and discuss the Th2-dependent and Th2-independent roles of TSLP in cancer and possible therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Protti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricerca a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia De Monte
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Istituto di Ricerca a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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13
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Guo L, Hua K. Cervical Cancer: Emerging Immune Landscape and Treatment. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8037-8047. [PMID: 32884290 PMCID: PMC7434518 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s264312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune cells are essential for defending the body’s balance and have increasingly been implicated in controlling tumor growth. In cervical cancer (CC), the immune landscape is extensively connected with human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Recent insights from studies have revealed that as a result of infection with HPV, immune cell populations such as lymphocytes or monocytes change during carcinogenesis. Immune therapy, in particular checkpoint inhibitors, those targeting PD-1 or PD-L1, has shown promising efficacy. This article reviews the immune landscape and immunotherapy of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luopei Guo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Keqin Hua
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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14
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Fromm S, Cunningham CC, Dunne MR, Veale DJ, Fearon U, Wade SM. Enhanced angiogenic function in response to fibroblasts from psoriatic arthritis synovium compared to rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:297. [PMID: 31864394 PMCID: PMC6925847 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-2088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Angiogenesis is an early event in the pathogenesis of both psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA); however, there are striking differences in blood vessel morphology and activation between the two arthropathies. The aim of this study was to assess if the PsA and RA joint microenvironments differentially regulate endothelial cell function. Methods PsA and RA primary synovial fibroblasts (SFC) were isolated from synovial biopsies, grown to confluence, and supernatants harvested and termed ‘conditioned media’ (CM). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured with PsA SFC or RA SFC-CM (20%). HUVEC tube formation, migration, and PBMC adhesion were assessed by matrigel tube formation, wound repair, and PBMC adhesion assays. HUVEC cell surface expression of ICAM, VCAM, and E-Selectin was assessed by flow cytometry. Transcriptome analysis of genes promoting angiogenesis was performed by real-time PCR. Finally, a MSD multiplex angiogenic assay was performed on PsA SFC and RA SFC supernatants. Results Macroscopic synovitis and vascularity were similar in PsA and RA patients; however, significant differences in vascular morphological pattern were recorded with tortuous, elongated vessels observed in PsA compared to straight regular branching vessels observed in RA. Transcriptome analysis showed strong upregulation of the pro-angiogenic signature in HUVEC primed with PsA SFC-CM compared to RA SFC-CM and basal control. In parallel, paired PsA SFC-CM significantly induced HUVEC tube formation compared to that of RA SFC-CM. Furthermore, PsA SFC-CM induced HUVEC migration was paralleled by a significant induction in VEGFA, PFKFB3, ICAM-1, and MMP3 mRNA expression. A significant increase in PBMC adhesion and cell surface expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-Selectin expression was also demonstrated in PsA SFC-CM-primed HUVEC compared to RA SFC-CM. Finally, VEGF, TSLP, Flt-1, and Tie-2 expression was elevated in PsA SFC-CM compared to RA SFC-CM, with no significant difference in other pro-angiogenic mediators including MIP-3, bFGF, PIGF, and MCP-1. Conclusion PsA SFC and RA SFC secreted factors differentially regulate endothelial cell function, with soluble mediators in the PsA joint microenvironment inducing a more pro-angiogenic phenotype compared to the RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fromm
- Department of Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C C Cunningham
- Department of Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M R Dunne
- Department of Surgery, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, St. James's Hospital, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D J Veale
- Rheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - U Fearon
- Department of Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - S M Wade
- Department of Molecular Rheumatology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Rheumatology EULAR Centre of Excellence, Centre for Arthritis & Rheumatic Diseases, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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15
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Overexpression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin is correlated with poor prognosis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190116. [PMID: 31023965 PMCID: PMC6522712 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an IL-7-like cytokine that has been reported to be associated with several malignant tumors. The present study aimed to evaluate its role in epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). The mRNA levels of TSLP in human EOC samples and EOC cell lines were determined. Then, the expression of TSLP was examined in 144 clinical tissue microarray samples and correlated with clinicopathological factors. Finally, the correlation between TSLP overexpression and prognosis of EOC patients was analyzed. Our data show that mRNA levels of TSLP were significantly higher in EOC tissues and cell lines. Chi-square tests revealed that TSLP overexpression in EOC was significantly associated with age, histological type, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, histological differentiation, pelvic involvement, and lymphatic metastasis. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that poor prognosis was significantly correlated with older age, advanced FIGO stage, poor histological differentiation, pelvic involvement, lymphatic involvement, or TSLP overexpression (P<0.05). Additionally, multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed pelvic involvement and TSLP overexpression as independent prognostic factors for both overall and disease-free survival. Taken altogether, TSLP overexpression reflects a more malignant phenotype and TSLP may be a novel biomarker for EOC.
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16
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Yin Z, Ren W. MicroRNA-217 acts as a tumor suppressor and correlates with the chemoresistance of cervical carcinoma to cisplatin. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:759-771. [PMID: 30774364 PMCID: PMC6352857 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s176618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-217 (miR-217) has been demonstrated to participate in the tumorigenesis and progression of various types of cancers. Nevertheless, the role of miR-217 in cervical carcinoma still remains not fully elucidated. This current work sought to investigate the role of miR-217 in the growth, migration, and invasion of cervical carcinoma and detect the role of miR-217 in the chemosensitivity of cervical carcinoma cell to cisplatin. Materials and methods The levels of miR-217 in 65 pairs of cervical carcinoma tissues and matched normal tissues were detected using quantitative real-time-PCR assay. The roles of miR-217 on the growth, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of cervical cancer SiHa and Ca-Ski cells were analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. The target of miR-217 was identified using the online analysis tool TargetScan (http://www.targetscan.org/vert_72/) and was verified by luciferase reporter and immunoblotting assays. The xenograft tumor model was constructed to explore the impact of miR-217 on the growth of cervical carcinoma cell in vivo. Results The level of miR-217 was remarkably lower in cervical carcinoma tissues than that in noncancerous tissues. Overregulation of miR-217 markedly suppressed the aggressiveness of cervical cancer cell and induced cell apoptosis through regulating V-Ki-Ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS). Finally, upregulation of miR-217 enhanced the chemosensitivity of both SiHa and Ca-Ski cervical cancer cells toward cisplatin. Conclusion Altogether, upregulation of miR-217 inhibits the aggressiveness phenotypes of cervical carcinoma cell via regulating KRAS gene and increases the sensitivity of cervical cancer cell to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojun Yin
- Gynaecology Ward of Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shizhong District, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
| | - Weiru Ren
- Gynaecology Ward of Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shizhong District, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong, People's Republic of China,
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17
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Vizio B, Boita M, Cristiano C, Mazibrada J, Bosco O, Novarino A, Prati A, Sciascia S, Rolla G, Ciuffreda L, Montrucchio G, Bellone G. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: expression and prognostic significance. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32795-32809. [PMID: 30214685 PMCID: PMC6132354 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) has emerged as an important, but contradictory, player conditioning tumor growth. In certain contexts, by driving T helper (h) 2 responses via tumor-associated OX40 Ligand (OX40L)+ dendritic cells (DCs), TSLP may play a pro-tumorigenic role. The study elucidates the importance of TSPL in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), by analyzing: i) TSLP levels in PDAC cell-line supernatants and plasma from patients with locally-advanced/metastatic PDAC, pre- and post-treatment with different chemotherapeutic protocols, in comparison with healthy donors; ii) TSLP and OX40L expression in PDAC and normal pancreatic tissues, by immunohistochemistry; iii) OX40L expression on ex vivo-generated normal DCs in the presence of tumor-derived TSLP, by flow cytometry; iv) clinical relevance in terms of diagnostic and prognostic value and influence on treatment modality and response. Some PDAC cell lines, such as BxPC-3, expressed both TSLP mRNA and protein. Normal DCs, generated ex vivo in the presence of TSLP-rich-cell supernatants, displayed increased expression of OX40L, reduced by the addition of a neutralizing anti-TSLP polyclonal antibody. OX40L+ cells were detected in pancreatic tumor inflammatory infiltrates. Abnormally elevated TSLP levels were detected in situ in tumor cells and, systemically, in locally-advanced/metastatic PDAC patients. Of the chemotherapeutic protocols applied, gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin (GEMOX) significantly increased circulating TSLP levels. Elevated plasma TSLP concentration was associated with shorter overall survival and increased risk of poor outcome. Plasma TSLP measurement successfully discriminated PDAC patients from healthy controls. These data show that TSLP secreted by pancreatic cancer cells may directly impact PDAC biology and patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vizio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Monica Boita
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medical Science, Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano Umberto I, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Carmen Cristiano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Jasenka Mazibrada
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Duckworth Ln, Bradford BD9 6RJ, United Kingdom
| | - Ornella Bosco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Novarino
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Adriana Prati
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Savino Sciascia
- Center of Research of Immunopathology and Rare Diseases-Coordinating Center of the Network for Rare Diseases of Piedmont and Aosta Valley, and SCDU Nephrology and Dialysis, S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital and University of Turin, 10154 Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Rolla
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medical Science, Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano Umberto I, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Libero Ciuffreda
- Department of Medical Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliera Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Graziella Bellone
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Zhou WJ, Yang HL, Chang KK, Meng Y, Wang MY, Yuan MM, Li MQ, Xie F. Human thymic stromal lymphopoietin promotes the proliferation and invasion of cervical cancer cells by downregulating microRNA-132 expression. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7910-7916. [PMID: 29250181 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), produced by cervical cancer (CC) cells, promotes angiogenesis, and the recruitment and functional regulation of eosinophils. It has been reported that microRNA (miR)-132 is aberrantly decreased in CC tissues. However, the function and mechanism of TSLP on the biological behaviors of CC cells is largely unknown. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of TSLP on the expression of miR-132 and the proliferation and invasion in vitro of CC cell lines, namely, HeLa and SiHa cells. The transcrpitional level of miR-132 was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chaon reaction. The proliferation, invasion, and the expression of proliferation and invasion-related molecules in HeLa and SiHa cells in vitro were evaluated using bromodeoxyuridine cell proliferation, Matrigel invasion assays, flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. Here, it was revealed that recombinant human TSLP (rhTSLP) downregulated the expression levels of miR-132 in HeLa and SiHa cells, and by contrast, the neutralizing antibodies for TSLP or TSLP receptor (TSLPR) upregulated miR-132 expression levels in HeLa and SiHa cells. The overexpression of miR-132 resulted in a lowered proliferation and invasiveness, decreased levels of proliferation-associated molecules marker of proliferation Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and the decreased production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)2 and MMP9 in HeLa and SiHa cells. Compared with the control group, there was a higher level of proliferation and invasion in HeLa and SiHa cells following stimulation with rhTSLP. However, these effects induced by rhTSLP were significantly impaired in HeLa and SiHa cells with miR-132 overexpression. The results of the present study indicated that TSLP produced by CC cells downregulated miR-132 expression, and stimulated the proliferation and invasion of CC cells, thereby further promoting the development of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Zhou
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Li Yang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Kai-Kai Chang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Yi Meng
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yan Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Min-Min Yuan
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Feng Xie
- Medical Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Cervical Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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