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Zhu S, Meng L, Wei P, Gu G, Duan K. Sinensetin suppresses breast cancer cell progression via Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibition. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:348-362. [PMID: 38410229 PMCID: PMC10894327 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Background Although there are many treatments for breast cancer, such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, estrogen receptor antagonists, immune checkpoint inhibitors and so on. However, safer and more effective therapeutic drugs for breast cancer are needed. Sinensetin, a safer therapeutic drugs, come from citrus species and medicinal plants used in traditional medicine, while its role and underlying mechanism in breast cancer remain unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of sinensetin in breast cancer. Methods Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine the safe concentration of sinensetin in MCF-10A, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells; 120 μM sinensetin was used in subsequent experiments. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blotting, Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) apoptosis assay, Transwell invasion assay and Clone formation assay were used in this study to determine cell viability, mRNA expression, protein levels, apoptosis, proliferation, invasion and so on. Results Herein, our results showed that 120 μM sinensetin suppressed the cell viability and promoted apoptosis of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Treatment with 120 µM sinensetin for 24 h showed no significant toxicity to normal mammary cells; 120 μM sinensetin decreased cell proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and downregulated β-catenin, lymphatic enhancing factor 1 (LEF1), T-cell factor (TCF) 1/TCF7, and TCF3/TCF7L1 expression in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The Wnt agonist SKL2001 reversed the inhibitory effect of sinensetin on cell survival, metastasis, and EMT. Sinensetin-induced downregulation of β-catenin, LEF1, and TCF1/TCF7 expression were upregulated by SKL2001 in MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Conclusions In summary, sinensetin suppressed the metastasis of breast cancer cell via inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and there were no adverse effects on normal breast cells. Our study confirmed the role of sinensetin in breast cancer cells and provided a better understanding of the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Lifei Meng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guowen Gu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Keli Duan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Third Hospital of Ninghai County, Ningbo, China
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2
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Lv HW, Wang QL, Luo M, Zhu MD, Liang HM, Li WJ, Cai H, Zhou ZB, Wang H, Tong SQ, Li XN. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of natural prenylated flavonoids. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:207-272. [PMID: 37055613 PMCID: PMC10101826 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01443-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Prenylated flavonoids are a special kind of flavonoid derivative possessing one or more prenyl groups in the parent nucleus of the flavonoid. The presence of the prenyl side chain enriched the structural diversity of flavonoids and increased their bioactivity and bioavailability. Prenylated flavonoids show a wide range of biological activities, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective effects, and anti-osteoclastogenic activities. In recent years, many compounds with significant activity have been discovered with the continuous excavation of the medicinal value of prenylated flavonoids, and have attracted the extensive attention of pharmacologists. This review summarizes recent progress on research into natural active prenylated flavonoids to promote new discoveries of their medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Wei Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Liang Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Meng Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Di Zhu
- Research Center of Analysis and Measurement, Zhejiang University of Technology University, 310014, Hang Zhou, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Min Liang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Jing Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Hai Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhong-Bo Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, 533000, Baise, P. R. China
| | - Hong Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Qiang Tong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Nuo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science & Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R&D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products & Key Laboratory of Marine Fishery Resources Exploitment & Utilization of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, 310014, Hang zhou, P. R. China.
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3
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Dadi V, Malla RR, Siragam S. Natural and Synthetic Chalcones: Potential Impact on Breast Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:27-40. [PMID: 38050979 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023049659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Chalcones are small molecules, naturally found in fruits and vegetables, and exhibit diverse pharmacological activities. They also possess anticancer activity against different tumors. They can be converted into numerous derivatives by modifying hydrogen moieties, enabling the exploration of their diverse anticancer potentials. The main aims are to provide valuable insights into the recent progress made in utilizing chalcones and their derivatives as agents against breast cancer while delivering their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. This review presents anticancer molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways modulated by chalcones. Furthermore, it helps in the understating of the precise mechanisms of action and specific molecular targets of chalcones and their synthetic derivatives for breast cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasudha Dadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Visakhapatnam 530049, India
| | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM) (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India; Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam-530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Satyalakshmi Siragam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vignan Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Visakhapatnam 530049, India
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4
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Current Opportunities for Targeting Dysregulated Neurodevelopmental Signaling Pathways in Glioblastoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162530. [PMID: 36010607 PMCID: PMC9406959 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and highly lethal type of brain tumor, with poor survival despite advances in understanding its complexity. After current standard therapeutic treatment, including tumor resection, radiotherapy and concomitant chemotherapy with temozolomide, the median overall survival of patients with this type of tumor is less than 15 months. Thus, there is an urgent need for new insights into GBM molecular characteristics and progress in targeted therapy in order to improve clinical outcomes. The literature data revealed that a number of different signaling pathways are dysregulated in GBM. In this review, we intended to summarize and discuss current literature data and therapeutic modalities focused on targeting dysregulated signaling pathways in GBM. A better understanding of opportunities for targeting signaling pathways that influences malignant behavior of GBM cells might open the way for the development of novel GBM-targeted therapies.
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Urbonavičius A, Fortunato G, Ambrazaitytė E, Plytninkienė E, Bieliauskas A, Milišiūnaitė V, Luisi R, Arbačiauskienė E, Krikštolaitytė S, Šačkus A. Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Heterocyclic Chalcones from 1-Phenyl-1 H-pyrazol-3-ol. Molecules 2022; 27:3752. [PMID: 35744875 PMCID: PMC9227189 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient synthetic route to construct diverse pyrazole-based chalcones from 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-ols bearing a formyl or acetyl group on the C4 position of pyrazole ring, employing a base-catalysed Claisen-Schmidt condensation reaction, is described. Isomeric chalcones were further reacted with N-hydroxy-4-toluenesulfonamide and regioselective formation of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2-oxazoles was established. The novel pyrazole-chalcones and 1,2-oxazoles were characterized by an in-depth analysis of NMR spectral data, which were obtained through a combination of standard and advanced NMR spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arminas Urbonavičius
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Graziana Fortunato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Emilija Ambrazaitytė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Elena Plytninkienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Aurimas Bieliauskas
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Vaida Milišiūnaitė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Renzo Luisi
- Department of Pharmacy—Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Eglė Arbačiauskienė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Sonata Krikštolaitytė
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Algirdas Šačkus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilėnų Pl. 19, 50254 Kaunas, Lithuania; (A.U.); (G.F.); (E.A.); (E.P.); (V.M.); (S.K.)
- Institute of Synthetic Chemistry, Kaunas University of Technology, K. Baršausko g. 59, 51423 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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6
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Carmo F, Silva C, Martel F. Inhibition of Glutamine Cellular Uptake Contributes to the Cytotoxic Effect of Xanthohumol in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Nutr Cancer 2022; 74:3413-3430. [PMID: 35594207 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2022.2076889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer constitutes the most incident cancer and one of the most common causes of cancer-related death. "Glutamine addiction", an important metabolic feature of cancer cells, is dependent on supply of this amino acid from external sources. In this study, the effect of several polyphenols (catechin, epicatechin, EGCG, catechin:lysine, naringenin, hesperidin, malvidin, delphinidin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin, myricetin, resveratrol, xanthohumol, and chrysin) upon glutamine (3H-GLN) uptake by human breast epithelial adenocarcinoma cell lines with distinct characteristics (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) was assessed.Several polyphenols interfere with 3H-GLN uptake by both cell lines. Xanthohumol markedly decreases total and Na+-dependent 3H-GLN uptake and showed a cytotoxic and anti-proliferative effect in MDA-MB-231 cells. Xanthohumol is as an uncompetitive inhibitor of Na+-dependent 3H-GLN uptake and inhibits GPNA (L-γ-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide)-sensitive, both ASCT2 (alanine, serine, cysteine transporter 2)-mediated and non-ASCT2-mediated 3H-GLN uptake. Xanthohumol does not interfere with the transcription rates of ASCT2. The cytotoxic effect of xanthohumol, but not its anti-proliferative effect, is GPNA-sensitive and related to ASCT2 inhibition. Combination of xanthohumol with the breast cancer chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin results in an additive anti-proliferative, but not cytotoxic effect.We conclude that targeting glutamine uptake might constitute a potential interesting strategy for triple-negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Carmo
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - C Silva
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - F Martel
- Unit of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Vanaroj P, Chaijaroenkul W, Na-Bangchang K. Notch signaling in the pathogenesis, progression and identification of potential targets for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:66. [PMID: 35154706 PMCID: PMC8825743 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive type of bile duct cancer that is characterized by a high mortality rate due to its late diagnosis and ineffective treatment. The aim of the present systematic review was to analyze the association between Notch signaling and CCA in terms of its pathogenesis, progression and potential treatment targets. Relevant information was gathered from the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases using the search terms 'cholangiocarcinoma' AND 'Notch signaling'. Of the 90 articles identified, 28 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. It was concluded that overexpression/upregulation of Notch ligands, such as Jagged1 and Notch receptors (Notch1, Notch2 and Notch3), as well as upregulation of the upstream Notch signaling pathway, promoted CCA development and progression. In addition, downregulation of Notch1 signaling through several possible interventions appears to be a promising strategy for inhibition of CCA development and progression. Therefore, the Notch signaling pathway may be considered as a potential target for CCA control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeranate Vanaroj
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Wanna Chaijaroenkul
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
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8
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Abstract
Bitter taste-sensing type 2 receptors (TAS2Rs or T2Rs), belonging to the subgroup of family A G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), are of crucial importance in the perception of bitterness. Although in the first instance, TAS2Rs were considered to be exclusively distributed in the apical microvilli of taste bud cells, numerous studies have detected these sensory receptor proteins in several extra-oral tissues, such as in pancreatic or ovarian tissues, as well as in their corresponding malignancies. Critical points of extra-oral TAS2Rs biology, such as their structure, roles, signaling transduction pathways, extensive mutational polymorphism, and molecular evolution, have been currently broadly studied. The TAS2R cascade, for instance, has been recently considered to be a pivotal modulator of a number of (patho)physiological processes, including adipogenesis or carcinogenesis. The latest advances in taste receptor biology further raise the possibility of utilizing TAS2Rs as a therapeutic target or as an informative index to predict treatment responses in various disorders. Thus, the focus of this review is to provide an update on the expression and molecular basis of TAS2Rs functions in distinct extra-oral tissues in health and disease. We shall also discuss the therapeutic potential of novel TAS2Rs targets, which are appealing due to their ligand selectivity, expression pattern, or pharmacological profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Tuzim
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Korolczuk
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090, Lublin, Poland
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9
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Constantinescu T, Lungu CN. Anticancer Activity of Natural and Synthetic Chalcones. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11306. [PMID: 34768736 PMCID: PMC8582663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a condition caused by many mechanisms (genetic, immune, oxidation, and inflammatory). Anticancer therapy aims to destroy or stop the growth of cancer cells. Resistance to treatment is theleading cause of the inefficiency of current standard therapies. Targeted therapies are the most effective due to the low number of side effects and low resistance. Among the small molecule natural compounds, flavonoids are of particular interest for theidentification of new anticancer agents. Chalcones are precursors to all flavonoids and have many biological activities. The anticancer activity of chalcones is due to the ability of these compounds to act on many targets. Natural chalcones, such as licochalcones, xanthohumol (XN), panduretin (PA), and loncocarpine, have been extensively studied and modulated. Modification of the basic structure of chalcones in order to obtain compounds with superior cytotoxic properties has been performed by modulating the aromatic residues, replacing aromatic residues with heterocycles, and obtaining hybrid molecules. A huge number of chalcone derivatives with residues such as diaryl ether, sulfonamide, and amine have been obtained, their presence being favorable for anticancer activity. Modification of the amino group in the structure of aminochalconesis always favorable for antitumor activity. This is why hybrid molecules of chalcones with different nitrogen hetercycles in the molecule have been obtained. From these, azoles (imidazole, oxazoles, tetrazoles, thiazoles, 1,2,3-triazoles, and 1,2,4-triazoles) are of particular importance for the identification of new anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Constantinescu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Iuliu Hatieganu University, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu N. Lungu
- Department of Surgery, Country Emergency Hospital Braila, 810249 Braila, Romania
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Zhdanovskaya N, Firrincieli M, Lazzari S, Pace E, Scribani Rossi P, Felli MP, Talora C, Screpanti I, Palermo R. Targeting Notch to Maximize Chemotherapeutic Benefits: Rationale, Advanced Strategies, and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205106. [PMID: 34680255 PMCID: PMC8533696 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Notch signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation in a context-dependent fashion both during embryonic development and in adult tissue homeostasis. Consistent with its pleiotropic physiological role, unproper activation of the signaling promotes or counteracts tumor pathogenesis and therapy response in distinct tissues. In the last twenty years, a wide number of studies have highlighted the anti-cancer potential of Notch-modulating agents as single treatment and in combination with the existent therapies. However, most of these strategies have failed in the clinical exploration due to dose-limiting toxicity and low efficacy, encouraging the development of novel agents and the design of more appropriate combinations between Notch signaling inhibitors and chemotherapeutic drugs with improved safety and effectiveness for distinct types of cancer. Abstract Notch signaling guides cell fate decisions by affecting proliferation, apoptosis, stem cell self-renewal, and differentiation depending on cell and tissue context. Given its multifaceted function during tissue development, both overactivation and loss of Notch signaling have been linked to tumorigenesis in ways that are either oncogenic or oncosuppressive, but always context-dependent. Notch signaling is critical for several mechanisms of chemoresistance including cancer stem cell maintenance, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor-stroma interaction, and malignant neovascularization that makes its targeting an appealing strategy against tumor growth and recurrence. During the last decades, numerous Notch-interfering agents have been developed, and the abundant preclinical evidence has been transformed in orphan drug approval for few rare diseases. However, the majority of Notch-dependent malignancies remain untargeted, even if the application of Notch inhibitors alone or in combination with common chemotherapeutic drugs is being evaluated in clinical trials. The modest clinical success of current Notch-targeting strategies is mostly due to their limited efficacy and severe on-target toxicity in Notch-controlled healthy tissues. Here, we review the available preclinical and clinical evidence on combinatorial treatment between different Notch signaling inhibitors and existent chemotherapeutic drugs, providing a comprehensive picture of molecular mechanisms explaining the potential or lacking success of these combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Zhdanovskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Mariarosaria Firrincieli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Lazzari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Eleonora Pace
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Pietro Scribani Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Maria Pia Felli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudio Talora
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
| | - Isabella Screpanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
| | - Rocco Palermo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy; (N.Z.); (M.F.); (S.L.); (E.P.); (P.S.R.); (C.T.)
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.P.)
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11
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Nigam K, Srivastav RK. Notch signaling in oral pre-cancer and oral cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:139. [PMID: 34633549 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling involves cell to cell contact. It is an ancient signaling mechanism that is conserved throughout the animal kingdom. The basic function of Notch signaling is to decide cell fate and execute asymmetrical division. Notch signaling is indispensable for embryo growth. Aberrant Notch signaling involves in cancer progression by altering cell proliferation rate, tumor micro-environment, stem cell activities. The role of Notch signaling in cancer progression is context-dependent. In breast cancer and T cell lymphoma Notch signaling is highly active, whereas in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) as oral and skin cancer, the signaling is suppressed. It is believed that in SCC, Notch-mediated tumor growth is due to the cell non-autonomous function. Oral cancer is the 6th most risky cancer worldwide. In many patients, oral cancer is preceded by pre-cancer conditions. In this review, we have summarized the research knowledge related to the role of Notch signaling in oral cancer and pre-cancer conditions and the therapeutic options available targeting different components of Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Nigam
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, 226028, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ratnesh Kumar Srivastav
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India.
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12
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Gazdova M, Kello M, Mojzis J. Molecular Mechanisms of Antiproliferative Effects of Natural Chalcones. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112730. [PMID: 34073042 PMCID: PMC8198114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite the important progress in cancer treatment in the past decades, the mortality rates in some types of cancer have not significantly decreased. Therefore, the search for novel anticancer drugs has become a topic of great interest. Chalcones, precursors of flavonoid synthesis in plants, have been documented as natural compounds with pleiotropic biological effects including antiproliferative/anticancer activity. This article focuses on the knowledge on molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative action of chalcones and draws attention to this group of natural compounds that may be of importance in the treatment of cancer disease. Abstract Although great progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, the search for new promising molecules with antitumor activity is still one of the greatest challenges in the fight against cancer due to the increasing number of new cases each year. Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-one), the precursors of flavonoid synthesis in higher plants, possess a wide spectrum of biological activities including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer. A plethora of molecular mechanisms of action have been documented, including induction of apoptosis, autophagy, or other types of cell death, cell cycle changes, and modulation of several signaling pathways associated with cell survival or death. In addition, blockade of several steps of angiogenesis and proteasome inhibition has also been documented. This review summarizes the basic molecular mechanisms related to the antiproliferative effects of chalcones, focusing on research articles from the years January 2015–February 2021.
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Harish V, Haque E, Śmiech M, Taniguchi H, Jamieson S, Tewari D, Bishayee A. Xanthohumol for Human Malignancies: Chemistry, Pharmacokinetics and Molecular Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094478. [PMID: 33923053 PMCID: PMC8123270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XH) is an important prenylated flavonoid that is found within the inflorescence of Humulus lupulus L. (Hop plant). XH is an important ingredient in beer and is considered a significant bioactive agent due to its diverse medicinal applications, which include anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antifungal, antigenotoxic, antiangiogenic, and antimalarial effects as well as strong anticancer activity towards various types of cancer cells. XH acts as a wide ranging chemopreventive and anticancer agent, and its isomer, 8-prenylnaringenin, is a phytoestrogen with strong estrogenic activity. The present review focuses on the bioactivity of XH on various types of cancers and its pharmacokinetics. In this paper, we first highlight, in brief, the history and use of hops and then the chemistry and structure–activity relationship of XH. Lastly, we focus on its prominent effects and mechanisms of action on various cancers and its possible use in cancer prevention and treatment. Considering the limited number of available reviews on this subject, our goal is to provide a complete and detailed understanding of the anticancer effects of XH against different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vancha Harish
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 411, Punjab, India;
| | - Effi Haque
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (E.H.); (M.Ś.); (H.T.)
| | - Magdalena Śmiech
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (E.H.); (M.Ś.); (H.T.)
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (E.H.); (M.Ś.); (H.T.)
| | - Sarah Jamieson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144 411, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: (D.T.); or (A.B.)
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL 34211, USA;
- Correspondence: (D.T.); or (A.B.)
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Seitz T, Hackl C, Freese K, Dietrich P, Mahli A, Thasler RM, Thasler WE, Lang SA, Bosserhoff AK, Hellerbrand C. Xanthohumol, a Prenylated Chalcone Derived from Hops, Inhibits Growth and Metastasis of Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030511. [PMID: 33572775 PMCID: PMC7866261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers worldwide. Despite recent progress in melanoma therapy, the prognosis for metastasized melanoma continues to be poor. Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone derived from hop cones, is known to possess a broad spectrum of chemopreventive and anticancer activities. However, few studies have analyzed functional XN effects on melanoma cells and there have been no previous in vivo studies of its effects on metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of XN on the tumorigenic and liver metastatic activity of melanoma cells. XN exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on human melanoma cell lines (Mel Ju; Mel Im) in vitro. Functional analysis in the subtoxic dose-range revealed that XN dose-dependently inhibited proliferation, colony formation, and migratory activity of melanoma cells. Subtoxic XN doses also induced markers of endoplasmic reticulum stress but inhibited the phosphorylation of the protumorigenic c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK). Furthermore, XN effects on hepatic metastasis were analyzed in a syngeneic murine model (splenic injection of murine B16 melanoma cells in C57/BL6 mice). Here, XN significantly reduced the formation of hepatic metastasis. Metastases formed in the liver of XN-treated mice revealed significantly larger areas of central necrosis and lower Ki67 expression scores compared to that of control mice. In conclusion, XN inhibits tumorigenicity of melanoma cells in vitro and significantly reduced hepatic metastasis of melanoma cells in mice. These data, in conjunction with an excellent safety profile that has been confirmed in previous studies, indicate XN as a promising novel agent for the treatment of hepatic (melanoma) metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Seitz
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Christina Hackl
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Kim Freese
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
- Medical Clinic 1, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Abdo Mahli
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
| | | | | | - Sven Arke Lang
- Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Anja Katrin Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer-Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (T.S.); (K.F.); (P.D.); (A.M.); (A.K.B.)
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Regensburg, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Erlangen-EMN, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
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15
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Ramirez-Expósito MJ, Martínez-Martos JM, Cantón-Habas V, Carrera-González MDP. Moderate Beer Consumption Modifies Tumoral Growth Parameters and Pyrrolidone Carboxypeptidase Type-I and Type-II Specific Activities in the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Mammary Gland Axis in an Animal Model of Breast Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:2695-2707. [PMID: 33305601 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1856891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the effect of moderate alcoholic and nonalcoholic beer consumption on tumoral growth parameters, the histopathology, pyrrolidone carboxypeptidase type I (Pcp I), and type II (Pcp II) specific activities in the hypothalamus-pituitary-mammary gland axis, and the circulating levels of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in rats with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (NMU) induced mammary tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS Food and drink intake, weight gain and tumor growth parameters were collected. The malignant phenotype of the tumor was performed using the Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading method. Pcp specific activities were fluorometrically analyzed using pyroglutamyl-β-naphthylamide as substrate. Circulating steroid hormones were determined. RESULTS Differences were found in tumoral parameters, depending on the drink. Animals that were given alcohol-containing beer (A/C) beer to drink showed the lowest values of hypothalamic Pcp I, in association with the lowest levels of circulating E2. The significant decrease in Pcp I activity in all NMU-treated groups suggest a clear role of the Pcp I in the tumoral process, and A/C beer interferes with it. DISCUSSION Moderate consumption of alcoholic beer would have beneficial effects against mammary tumors through the modification of the endocrine status mediated by GnRH due to changes on Pcp I and II activities at different levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Jesús Ramirez-Expósito
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - José Manuel Martínez-Martos
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Experimental and Health Sciences, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Vanesa Cantón-Habas
- Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba. IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
| | - María Del Pilar Carrera-González
- Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain.,Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Cordoba. IMIBIC, Córdoba, Spain
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16
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Yang Q, Deng L, Li J, Miao P, Liu W, Huang Q. NR5A2 Promotes Cell Growth and Resistance to Temozolomide Through Regulating Notch Signal Pathway in Glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10231-10244. [PMID: 33116604 PMCID: PMC7567570 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s243833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma is a fatal primary malignant tumor. We aimed to explore the effect of nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 2 (NR5A2) on glioma. Methods NR5A2 expression in glioma tissues and cells was detected using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC)/Western blot. SPSS 22.0 was performed to explore the relationship between NR5A2 expression and glioma clinicopathologic features. The down-expressed plasmid of NR5A2 was transfected into glioma cells, and the cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were respectively determined by MTT, EdU, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays. Cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. Temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant glioma cells were established to define the effect of NR5A2 on drug resistance. The expressions of Notch pathway-related proteins were assessed by Western blot. Glioma nude mice model was constructed to explore the role of NR5A2 played in vivo. Results NR5A2 was highly expressed in glioma tissues and cell lines. NR5A2 overexpression was related to the poor prognosis of glioma patients. NR5A2 knockdown inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted cell apoptosis in U138 and U251 cells. In U138/TMZ and U251/TMZ cell lines, NR5A2 upregulation enhanced TMZ resistance while NR5A2 downregulation reduced it. The knockdown of NR5A2 influenced the expressions of Notch pathway-related proteins. NR5A2 knockdown suppressed tumor growth and facilitated apoptosis in glioma mice model. Conclusion NR5A2 affected glioma cell malignant behaviors and TMZ resistance via Notch signaling pathway and it might be a novel target in glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Neonatology, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialiang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Miao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Shangqiu in Henan Province, Shangqiu Clinical College, Xuzhou Medical University, Shangqiu 476100, People's Republic of China
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17
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Samec M, Liskova A, Koklesova L, Samuel SM, Zhai K, Buhrmann C, Varghese E, Abotaleb M, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Kello M, Mojzis J, Zubor P, Kwon TK, Shakibaei M, Büsselberg D, Sarria GR, Golubnitschaja O, Kubatka P. Flavonoids against the Warburg phenotype-concepts of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine to cut the Gordian knot of cancer cell metabolism. EPMA J 2020; 11:377-398. [PMID: 32843908 PMCID: PMC7429635 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is characterised by increased glucose uptake and lactate secretion in cancer cells resulting from metabolic transformation in tumour tissue. The corresponding molecular pathways switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, due to changes in glucose degradation mechanisms known as the 'Warburg reprogramming' of cancer cells. Key glycolytic enzymes, glucose transporters and transcription factors involved in the Warburg transformation are frequently dysregulated during carcinogenesis considered as promising diagnostic and prognostic markers as well as treatment targets. Flavonoids are molecules with pleiotropic activities. The metabolism-regulating anticancer effects of flavonoids are broadly demonstrated in preclinical studies. Flavonoids modulate key pathways involved in the Warburg phenotype including but not limited to PKM2, HK2, GLUT1 and HIF-1. The corresponding molecular mechanisms and clinical relevance of 'anti-Warburg' effects of flavonoids are discussed in this review article. The most prominent examples are provided for the potential application of targeted 'anti-Warburg' measures in cancer management. Individualised profiling and patient stratification are presented as powerful tools for implementing targeted 'anti-Warburg' measures in the context of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Samec
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Lenka Koklesova
- Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Constanze Buhrmann
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Abotaleb
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011 Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011 Australia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafarik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafarik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
- OBGY Health & Care, Ltd., 01001 Zilina, Slovak Republic
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology and School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 426 01 South Korea
| | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumour Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gustavo R. Sarria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
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Zhu S, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Liang C, Cao N, Yan M, Gao F, Liu J, Wang W. Bioinformatics analysis and identification of circular RNAs promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on titanium treated by surface mechanical attrition. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9292. [PMID: 32742764 PMCID: PMC7365136 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To analyze and identify the circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human bone mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) on titanium by surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT). METHODS The experimental material was SMAT titanium and the control material was annealed titanium. Cell Counting Kits-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the proliferation of hBMSCs, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red staining were used to detect the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs on the sample surfaces. The bioinformatics prediction software miwalk3.0 was used to construct competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks by predicting circRNAs with osteogenesis-related messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs). The circRNAs located at the key positions in the networks were selected and analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (QRT-PCR). RESULTS Compared with annealed titanium, SMAT titanium could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs. The total number of predicted circRNAs was 51. Among these, 30 circRNAs and 8 miRNAs constituted 6 ceRNA networks. Circ-LTBP2 was selected for verification. QRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of hsa_circ_0032599, hsa_circ_0032600 and hsa_circ_0032601 were upregulated in the experimental group compared with those in the control group; the differential expression of hsa_circ_0032600 was the most obvious and statistically significant, with a fold change (FC) = 4.25 ± 1.60, p-values (p) < 0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Nanjue Cao
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Gao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department 1 of Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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19
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Yin S, Song M, Zhao R, Liu X, Kang WK, Lee JM, Kim YE, Zhang C, Shim JH, Liu K, Dong Z, Lee MH. Xanthohumol Inhibits the Growth of Keratin 18-Overexpressed Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:366. [PMID: 32509787 PMCID: PMC7248302 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Xanthohumol is a prenylated flavonoid isolated from hops. Although xanthohumol has been reported to exert anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemia and anti-cancer activities, the mechanisms underlying its chemotherapeutic activity are yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that xanthohumol inhibited ESCC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo by targeting keratin (KRT)-18. Xanthohumol suppressed the proliferation, foci formation, and anchorage-independent colony growth of KYSE30 cells. Using xanthohumol-sepharose conjugated bead pull-down and mass/mass analysis, we found that KRT18 is a novel target of xanthohumol in KYSE30 cells. KRT18 protein was highly expressed in patient ESCC tissues compared to adjunct tissues. Anti-proliferative activity of xanthohumol was abrogated or enhanced according to the knockdown or overexpression of KRT18 protein, respectively. Xanthohumol also induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase which was associated with the modulation of expression of related makers including cyclin D1, cyclin D3, and cleaved-PARP, Bcl-2, cytochrome c and Bax. While xanthohumol attenuated KRT18 protein expression, it failed to cause any change in the KRT18 mRNA level. Furthermore, oral administration of xanthohumol decreased tumor volume and weight in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) tumors having overexpressed KRT18. Overall these results suggest that xanthohumol acts as a KRT18 regulator to suppress the growth of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Yin
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mengqiu Song
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Woo Kyu Kang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Young Eun Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jung-Hyun Shim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Mokpo-si, South Korea
| | - Kangdong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, South Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, China.,College of Korean Medicine, Dongshin University, Naju, South Korea
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20
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Yuan J, Peng G, Xiao G, Yang Z, Huang J, Liu Q, Yang Z, Liu D. Xanthohumol suppresses glioblastoma via modulation of Hexokinase 2 -mediated glycolysis. J Cancer 2020; 11:4047-4058. [PMID: 32368287 PMCID: PMC7196271 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulation of aerobic glycolysis is a common phenomenon in human cancers, including glioblastoma (GBM). In the present study, we demonstrated that the natural compound xanthohumol has a profound anti-tumor effect on GBM via direct inhibition of glycolysis. Xanthohumol suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation of GBM cells, and significantly impaired glucose metabolism via inhibiting Hexokinase 2 (HK2) expression. We demonstrated that down-regulation of c-Myc was required for xanthohumol-induced decrease of HK2. Xanthohumol destabilization of c-Myc, and promoted FBW7-mediated ubiquitination of c-Myc. Xanthohumol attenuated Akt activity and inhibited the activation of GSK3β, resulted in c-Myc degradation. Overexpression of Myr-Akt1 significantly rescued xanthohumol-mediated c-Myc inhibition and glycolysis suppression. Finally, the xanthohumol-mediated down-regulation of the PI3-K/Akt-GSK3beta-FBW7 signaling axis promoted the destabilization of c-Myc. Finally, the animal results demonstrated that xanthohumol substantially inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, xanthohumol appears to be a promising new anti-tumor agent with the therapeutic potential for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Gang Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Gelei Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhuanyi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Zhiquan Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Dingyang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-oncology at Hunan, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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21
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Xanthohumol, a Prenylated Flavonoid from Hops, Induces Caspase-Dependent Degradation of Oncoprotein BCR-ABL in K562 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090402. [PMID: 31527518 PMCID: PMC6769755 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BCR-ABL oncoprotein drives the initiation, promotion, and progression of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are the first choice for CML therapy, however, BCR-ABL mediated drug resistance limits its clinical application and prognosis. A novel promising therapeutic strategy for CML therapy is to degrade BCR-ABL using small molecules. Antioxidant xanthohumol (XN) is a hop-derived prenylated flavonoid with multiple bioactivities. In this study, we showed XN could inhibit the proliferation, induce S phase cell cycle arrest, and stimulate apoptosis in K562 cells. XN degraded BCR-ABL in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and the involved degradation pathway was caspase activation, while not autophagy induction or ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) activation. Moreover, we revealed for the first time that XN could inhibit the UPS and autophagy in K562 cells, and the inhibitory effect of XN on autophagy could attenuate imatinib-induced autophagy and enhance the therapeutic efficiency of imatinib in K562 cells. Our present findings identified XN act as a degrader of BCR-ABL in K562 cells, and XN had potential to be developed as an alternate agent for CML therapy.
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22
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Liu X, Song M, Wang P, Zhao R, Chen H, Zhang M, Shi Y, Liu K, Liu F, Yang R, Li E, Bode AM, Dong Z, Lee M. Targeted therapy of the AKT kinase inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma growth in vitro and in vivo. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:1007-1019. [PMID: 30887517 PMCID: PMC6618024 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer, a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, is associated with abnormal activation of the AKT signaling pathway. Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid tested in clinical trials, is reported to exert anti-diabetes, anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. However, the mechanisms underlying its chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic effects remain elusive. In the present study, we found that xanthohumol directly targeted AKT1/2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Xanthohumol significantly inhibited the AKT kinase activity in an ATP competitive manner, which was confirmed in binding and computational docking models. KYSE70, 450 and 510 ESCC cell lines highly express AKT and knockdown of AKT1/2 suppressed proliferation of these cells. Treatment with xanthohumol inhibited ESCC cell growth and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase. Xanthohumol also decreased expression of cyclin D1 and increased the levels of cleaved caspase-3, -7 and -PARP as well as Bax, Bims and cytochrome c in ESCC cells by downregulating AKT signaling targets, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), mammalian target of rapamycin, and ribosomal protein S6 (S6K). Furthermore, xanthohumol decreased tumor volume and weight in patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) that highly expressed AKT, but had no effect on PDXs that exhibited low expression of AKT in vivo. Kinase array results showed that xanthohumol treatment decreased phosphorylated p27 expression in both ESCC cell lines and PDX models. Taken together, our data suggest that the inhibition of ESCC tumor growth with xanthohumol is caused by targeting AKT. These results provide good evidence for translation toward clinical trials with xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mengqiu Song
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Penglei Wang
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ran Zhao
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Hanyong Chen
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
| | - Man Zhang
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Kangdong Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Fangfang Liu
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ran Yang
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyShantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
| | - Zigang Dong
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Cancer ChemopreventionZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Mee‐Hyun Lee
- School of Basic Medical SciencesZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenanChina
- China‐US (Henan) Hormel Cancer InstituteZhengzhouHenanChina
- The Hormel Institute, University of MinnesotaAustinMinnesota
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23
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Deryagina VP, Reutov VP. Modulation of the formation of active forms of nitrogen by ingredients of plant products in the inhibition of carcinogenesis. ADVANCES IN MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.17650/2313-805x-2019-6-1-18-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. P. Deryagina
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - V. P. Reutov
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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24
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Antiproliferative Effects of Hop-derived Prenylflavonoids and Their Influence on the Efficacy of Oxaliplatine, 5-fluorouracil and Irinotecan in Human ColorectalC Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11040879. [PMID: 31010128 PMCID: PMC6520918 DOI: 10.3390/nu11040879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Beer, the most popular beverage containing hops, is also frequently consumed by cancer patients. Moreover, non-alcoholic beer, owing to its nutritional value and high content of biological active compounds, is sometimes recommended to patients by oncologists. However, the potential benefits and negatives have to date not been sufficiently evaluated. The present study was designed to examine the effects of four main hop-derived prenylflavonoids on the viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, activity of caspases, and efficiency of the chemotherapeutics 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (OxPt) and irinotecan (IRI) in colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, SW620 and CaCo-2. All the prenylflavonoids exerted substantial antiproliferative effects in all cell lines, with xanthohumol being the most effective (IC50 ranging from 3.6 to 7.3 µM). Isoxanthohumol increased ROS formation and the activity of caspases-3/7, but 6-prenylnaringenin and 8-prenylnaringenin exerted antioxidant properties. As 6-prenylnaringenin acted synergistically with IRI, its potential in combination therapy deserves further study. However, other prenylflavonoids acted antagonistically with all chemotherapeutics at least in one cell line. Therefore, consumption of beer during chemotherapy with 5-FU, OxPt and IRI should be avoided, as the prenylflavonoids in beer could decrease the efficacy of the treatment.
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Porcheri C, Meisel CT, Mitsiadis T. Multifactorial Contribution of Notch Signaling in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1520. [PMID: 30917608 PMCID: PMC6471940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) defines a group of solid tumors originating from the mucosa of the upper aerodigestive tract, pharynx, larynx, mouth, and nasal cavity. It has a metastatic evolution and poor prognosis and is the sixth most common cancer in the world, with 600,000 new cases reported every year. HNSCC heterogeneity and complexity is reflected in a multistep progression, involving crosstalk between several molecular pathways. The Notch pathway is associated with major events supporting cancerogenic evolution: cell proliferation, self-renewal, angiogenesis, and preservation of a pro-oncogenic microenvironment. Additionally, Notch is pivotal in tumor development and plays a dual role acting as both oncogene and tumor suppressor. In this review, we summarize the role of the Notch pathway in HNSCC, with a special focus on its compelling role in major events of tumor initiation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Porcheri
- University of Zurich, Institute of Oral Biology, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Christian Thomas Meisel
- University of Zurich, Institute of Oral Biology, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Thimios Mitsiadis
- University of Zurich, Institute of Oral Biology, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland.
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26
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Bolton JL, Dunlap TL, Hajirahimkhan A, Mbachu O, Chen SN, Chadwick L, Nikolic D, van Breemen RB, Pauli GF, Dietz BM. The Multiple Biological Targets of Hops and Bioactive Compounds. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:222-233. [PMID: 30608650 PMCID: PMC6643004 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Botanical dietary supplements for women's health are increasingly popular. Older women tend to take botanical supplements such as hops as natural alternatives to traditional hormone therapy to relieve menopausal symptoms. Especially extracts from spent hops, the plant material remaining after beer brewing, are enriched in bioactive prenylated flavonoids that correlate with the health benefits of the plant. The chalcone xanthohumol (XH) is the major prenylated flavonoid in spent hops. Other less abundant but important bioactive prenylated flavonoids are isoxanthohumol (IX), 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), and 6-prenylnaringenin (6-PN). Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that these flavonoids are conjugated rapidly with glucuronic acid. XH also undergoes phase I metabolism in vivo to form IX, 8-PN, and 6-PN. Several hop constituents are responsible for distinct effects linked to multiple biological targets, including hormonal, metabolic, inflammatory, and epigenetic pathways. 8-PN is one of the most potent phytoestrogens and is responsible for hops' estrogenic activities. Hops also inhibit aromatase activity, which is linked to 8-PN. The weak electrophile, XH, can activate the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway and turn on the synthesis of detoxification enzymes such as NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 and glutathione S-transferase. XH also alkylates IKK and NF-κB, resulting in anti-inflammatory activity. Antiobesity activities have been described for XH and XH-rich hop extracts likely through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Hop extracts modulate the estrogen chemical carcinogenesis pathway by enhancing P450 1A1 detoxification. The mechanism appears to involve activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by the AhR agonist, 6-PN, leading to degradation of the estrogen receptor. Finally, prenylated phenols from hops are known inhibitors of P450 1A1/2; P450 1B1; and P450 2C8, 2C9, and 2C19. Understanding the biological targets of hop dietary supplements and their phytoconstituents will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy L. Bolton
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Tareisha L. Dunlap
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Atieh Hajirahimkhan
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Obinna Mbachu
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Luke Chadwick
- Bell’s Brewery, 8938 Krum Avenue, Galesburg, Michigan 49053, United States
| | - Dejan Nikolic
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Richard B. van Breemen
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 305 Linus Pauling Science Center, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
- Center for Natural Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy (M/C 781), College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
| | - Birgit M. Dietz
- UIC/NIH Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, 833 S. Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7231, United States
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Yu DP, Zhou Y. Astrocyte Elevated Gene 1 (AEG-1) Acts as a Promoter Gene in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Cell Growth and Metastasis. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:8213-8223. [PMID: 30431025 PMCID: PMC6253984 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is usually incurable once it progresses to metastatic stage. Hence, in-depth investigations to reveal the precise molecular mechanisms behind the metastasis of ccRCC are required to improve the therapeutic outcome of ccRCC. Material/Methods The level of astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) in ccRCC tissues and cell lines was determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay. The MTS, colony formation, wound-healing, and Transwell invasion assays were used to assess the role of AEG-1 in ccRCC cells growth, migration, and invasion in vitro, respectively. Xenograft model and lung metastasis models were constructed to analyze the functions of AEG-1 in ccRCC cells growth and metastasis in vivo. Result We found that AEG-1 was overexpressed in ccRCC and was associated with the progression of ccRCC. Knocked-down AEG-1 impaired the migration and invasion of ccRCC cells in vitro. Furthermore, under-expression of AEG-1 caused complete inhibition of ccRCC cells growth and metastasis in vivo. In contrast, overexpression of AEG-1 significantly increased the migration and invasion ability of ccRCC cells in vitro. Finally, we revealed that AEG-1 boosted the metastatic ability of ccRCC cells via regulating Notch homolog 1 (Notch1). Conclusions The AEG-1/Notch1 signaling axis plays a vital role in ccRCC cell growth and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Peng Yu
- Department of Surgical Urology, The First People's Hospital of Jining City, Jining, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Surgical Urology, Wenshang County's First People's Hospital, Wenshang, Shandong, China (mainland)
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