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Kumari L, Mishra L, Sharma Y, Chahar K, Kumar M, Patel P, Gupta GD, Kurmi BD. NOTCH Signaling Pathway: Occurrence, Mechanism, and NOTCH-Directed Therapy for the Management of Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2024; 39:19-34. [PMID: 37797218 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2023.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well understood that many signaling pathways are vital in carrying out and controlling essential pro-survival and pro-growth cellular functions. The NOTCH signaling pathway, a highly conserved evolutionary signaling pathway, has been thoroughly studied since the discovery of NOTCH phenotypes about 100 years ago in Drosophila melanogaster. Abnormal NOTCH signaling has been linked to the pathophysiology of several diseases, notably cancer. In tumorigenesis, NOTCH plays the role of a "double-edged sword," that is, it may act as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor gene depending on the nature of the context. However, its involvement in several cancers and inhibition of the same provides targeted therapy for the management of cancer. The use of gamma (γ)-secretase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies for cancer treatment involved NOTCH receptors inhibition, leading to the possibility of a targeted approach for cancer treatment. Likewise, several natural compounds, including curcumin, resveratrol, diallyl sulfide, and genistein, also play a dynamic role in the management of cancer by inhibition of NOTCH receptors. This review outlines the functions and structure of NOTCH receptors and their associated ligands with the mechanism of the signaling pathway. In addition, it also emphasizes the role of NOTCH-targeted nanomedicine in various cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | | | - Yash Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Kanak Chahar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Mritunjay Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Preeti Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | | | - Balak Das Kurmi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College Pharmacy, Moga, India
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2
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Hu Y, Han Y, He M, Zhang Y, Zou X. S100 proteins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 26:362. [PMID: 37545618 PMCID: PMC10398633 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common tumor affecting the head and neck is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The characteristics of HNSCC include a rapid onset, a lack of early diagnosis, drug resistance, relapse and systemic adverse effects, leading to inadequate prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Notably, previous research suggests that there is an association between S100 proteins and HNSCC. S100A8, S100A9 and S100A14 interfere with tumor cell proliferation by blocking the cell cycle. The present review discusses this association. S100A4 enhances cancer stem cell properties, and interacts with actin and tropomyosin to promote tumor cell migration. S100A1, S100A8, S100A9, S100A10, S100A14 and S100P are involved in the initiation and progression of HNSCC via Hippo, nuclear factor κB, phosphatidylinositol kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin and other signaling pathways. In addition, certain long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs are involved in regulating the expression of S100 proteins in HNSCC. Reducing the expression of certain members of the S100 protein family may enhance the chemosensitivity of HNSCC. Collectively, it is suggested that S100 proteins may function as markers and targets for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Yucheng Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Minhui He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
| | - Yanqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xianqiong Zou
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, P.R. China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541100, P.R. China
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3
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Wu WR, Shi XD, Zhang FP, Zhu K, Zhang R, Yu XH, Qin YF, He SP, Fu HW, Zhang L, Zeng H, Zhu MS, Xu LB, Wong PP, Liu C. Activation of the Notch1-c-myc-VCAM1 signalling axis initiates liver progenitor cell-driven hepatocarcinogenesis and pulmonary metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:2340-2356. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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4
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Mohamed AA, Zaghloul RA, Abdelghany AM, El Gayar AM. Selenium nanoparticles and quercetin suppress thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats: Attenuation of inflammation involvement. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e22989. [PMID: 35179263 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The current study investigates the anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects of selenium (Se) formulated as nanoparticles (SeNPs) and in combination with quercetin (QCT) against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 12). Three control groups; normal, SeNPs; group received SeNPs only and HCC; group received TAA. In addition, three preventive groups; SeNPs + TAA, QCT + TAA, and QCT + SeNPs + TAA. Induction of HCC was detected histopathologically and by the raise of the serum level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Oxidative stress was evaluated by the hepatic levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) spectrophotometrically. The oncogenic pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The inflammatory markers; interleukin-33 (IL-33), IL-6, and IL-1β were assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. SeNPs prevented the elevation of serum AFP and hepatic IL-33, IL-1β, and IL-6 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs + TAA exhibited a lower positive hepatic staining of p53, β-catenin, and cyclin D1 in comparison to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. Moreover, SeNPs improved the overall oxidative balance indicated by low hepatic MDA and enhanced GSH and GPx when compared to HCC or QCT + TAA groups. SeNPs alone and in combination with QCT were found to suppress the progression of HCC in rats via the enhancement of the oxidative stress and then inflammatory status and the prevention of the deregulation of the oncogenic axis pathway of p53/β-catenin/cyclin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mohamed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Randa A Zaghloul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amr M Abdelghany
- Department of Spectroscopy, Physics Division, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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5
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Gouda G, Gupta MK, Donde R, Behera L, Vadde R. Metabolic pathway-based target therapy to hepatocellular carcinoma: a computational approach. THERANOSTICS AND PRECISION MEDICINE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA, VOLUME 2 2022:83-103. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-98807-0.00003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
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6
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Zhang S, Cui Z. MicroRNA-34b-5p inhibits proliferation, stemness, migration and invasion of retinoblastoma cells via Notch signaling. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:255. [PMID: 33603862 PMCID: PMC7851672 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is one of the most common forms of childhood intraocular cancer. While the occurrence of RB is traditionally associated with dysregulation of the RB1 gene, efforts have been made to assess the role of several other pathways that may result in RB. The Notch signaling pathway has been identified as one of the sentinel pathways in retinal development and has been indicated to serve as a tumor suppressor. However, epigenetic modifications of the Notch signaling pathway, and their consequences on tumor establishment and progression, have received little attention. The present study attempted to elucidate the microRNA (miR)-mediated dysregulation of the Notch signaling pathway and its implications on tumor initiation. Upon recruitment of patients with RB (age, 4-25 months), the levels of miR-34b-5p were determined in tumor and adjacent healthy tissues. Simultaneously, the serum levels of miR-34b-5p were measured in tumor and healthy samples using reverse transcriptase-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Binding of miR-34b-5p to Notch1 and Notch2 were confirmed bioinformatically. In vitro studies were performed in Y79 and Weri-Rb-1 RB cell lines. The cell lines were transfected with miR-34b-5p constructs and miR-34b-5p overexpression was confirmed using RT-qPCR. The impact of miR-34b-5p overexpression on cell growth and cancer stemness markers (Sox-2, Nanog, and CD133) was examined. The expression levels of Notch1 and Notch2 were evaluated in the presence of miR-34b-5p. The rescue of cell growth and cancer stemness phenotypes was evaluated by co-transfection of miR-34b-5p with Notch1 or Notch2. The results of the present study indicated that the expression levels of miR-34b-5p were reduced in patient tissues and serum samples compared with those in healthy tissues and samples. Notch1 and Notch2 expression level was negatively correlated with the expression level of miR-34b-5p. Overexpression of miR-34b-5p resulted in reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasion and cancer stemness compared with the control group. Further in vivo experiments confirmed the inhibitory effects of miR-34b-5p on RB cell proliferation. Upon co-transfection of miR-34b-5p with Notch1 or Notch2, these phenotypes were rescued with reversal of cell growth and tumor sphere formation. Collectively, the results indicated that miR-34b-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in RB via regulating the Notch signaling pathway. Therefore, miR-34b-5p may be explored for its utility as a therapeutic target in RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shurong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China
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Zhang TY, Chen HY, Cao JL, Xiong HL, Mo XB, Li TL, Kang XZ, Zhao JH, Yin B, Zhao X, Huang CH, Yuan Q, Xue D, Xia NS, Yuan YA. Structural and functional analyses of hepatitis B virus X protein BH3-like domain and Bcl-xL interaction. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3192. [PMID: 31324803 PMCID: PMC6642116 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) X protein, HBx, interacts with anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL proteins through its BH3-like motif to promote HBV replication and cytotoxicity. Here we report the crystal structure of HBx BH3-like motif in complex with Bcl-xL where the BH3-like motif adopts a short α-helix to snuggle into a hydrophobic pocket in Bcl-xL via its noncanonical Trp120 residue and conserved Leu123 residue. This binding pocket is ~2 Å away from the canonical BH3-only binding pocket in structures of Bcl-xL with proapoptotic BH3-only proteins. Mutations altering Trp120 and Leu123 in HBx impair its binding to Bcl-xL in vitro and HBV replication in vivo, confirming the importance of this motif to HBV. A HBx BH3-like peptide, HBx-aa113-135, restores HBV replication from a HBx-null HBV replicon, while a shorter peptide, HBx-aa118-127, inhibits HBV replication. These results provide crucial structural and functional insights into drug designs for inhibiting HBV replication and treating HBV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Hong-Ying Chen
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Li Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua-Long Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiao-Bing Mo
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tian-Liang Li
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Xiao-Zhen Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Jing-Hua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Bo Yin
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, 215123, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- School of Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Ding Xue
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309, USA. .,School of Life Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Ning-Shao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China. .,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, China.
| | - Y Adam Yuan
- National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, 377 Lin Quan Street, Suzhou Industrial Park, 215123, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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8
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Wei Z, Shen X, Ni B, Luo G, Tian Y, Sun Y. Contribution of hepatitis B virus X protein-induced aberrant microRNA expression to hepatocellular carcinoma pathogenesis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 43:113-123. [PMID: 31320813 PMCID: PMC6620039 DOI: 10.3906/biy-1807-196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The hepatitis B virus-encoded X (HBX) protein plays important roles in Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous studies have demonstrated that HBX can induce alterations in the expression of numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the carcinogenesis of various tumors. However, the global profile of liver miRNA changes induced by HBX has not been characterized. In this study, we conducted a miRNA microarray analysis to investigate the influence of HBX on the expression of total miRNAs in liver in relation to HCC. Comparative analysis of the data from human normal liver cells (L02) and human HCC cells (HepG2), with or without HBX, identified 19 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 5 with known association to HBX. Target gene prediction for the aberrantly expressed miRNAs identified a total of 304 potential target genes, involved in sundry pathways. Finally, pathway analysis of the HBXinduced miRNAs pathway showed that 5 of the total miRNAs formed an internetwork, suggesting that HBX might exert its pathological effects on hepatic cells through functional synergy with miRNAs that regulated common pathways in liver cells. Therefore, this work provides new insights into the mechanisms of HCC as well as potential diagnostic markers or therapeutic targets for use in clinical management of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wei
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P.R. China.,Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Xiaohe Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Shanxi Medical University , Taiyuan, Shanxi , P.R. China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology and High Altitude Pathology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P.R. China.,Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P. R. China
| | - Yi Tian
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P.R. China
| | - Yi Sun
- Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University) , Chongqing , P. R. China
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Plasma Level of miR-5193 As a Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis of HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.84455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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10
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Vázquez-Ulloa E, Lizano M, Sjöqvist M, Olmedo-Nieva L, Contreras-Paredes A. Deregulation of the Notch pathway as a common road in viral carcinogenesis. Rev Med Virol 2018; 28:e1988. [PMID: 29956408 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a conserved signaling pathway and a form of direct cell-cell communication related to many biological processes during development and adulthood. Deregulation of the Notch pathway is involved in many diseases, including cancer. Almost 20% of all cancer cases have an infectious etiology, with viruses responsible for at least 1.5 million new cancer cases per year. Seven groups of viruses have been classified as oncogenic: hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV respectively), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1), human papillomavirus (HPV), and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). These viruses share the ability to manipulate a variety of cell pathways that are critical in proliferation and differentiation, leading to malignant transformation. Viral proteins interact directly or indirectly with different members of the Notch pathway, altering their normal function. This review focuses exclusively on the direct interactions of viral oncoproteins with Notch elements, providing a deeper understanding of the dual behavior of the Notch pathway as activator or suppressor of neoplasia in virus-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elenaé Vázquez-Ulloa
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.,Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Lizano
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marika Sjöqvist
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Leslie Olmedo-Nieva
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Adriana Contreras-Paredes
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología-Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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11
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Ren FH, Yang H, He RQ, Lu JN, Lin XG, Liang HW, Dang YW, Feng ZB, Chen G, Luo DZ. Analysis of microarrays of miR-34a and its identification of prospective target gene signature in hepatocellular carcinoma. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:12. [PMID: 29298665 PMCID: PMC5753510 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3941-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, some studies have demonstrated that miR-34a could serve as a suppressor of several cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previously, we discovered that miR-34a was downregulated in HCC and involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC; however, the mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to estimate the expression of miR-34a in HCC by applying the microarray profiles and analyzing the predicted targets of miR-34a and their related biological pathways of HCC. METHODS Gene expression omnibus (GEO) datasets were conducted to identify the difference of miR-34a expression between HCC and corresponding normal tissues and to explore its relationship with HCC clinicopathologic features. The natural language processing (NLP), gene ontology (GO), pathway and network analyses were performed to analyze the genes associated with the carcinogenesis and progression of HCC and the targets of miR-34a predicted in silico. In addition, the integrative analysis was performed to explore the targets of miR-34a which were also relevant to HCC. RESULTS The analysis of GEO datasets demonstrated that miR-34a was downregulated in HCC tissues, and no heterogeneity was observed (Std. Mean Difference(SMD) = 0.63, 95% confidence intervals(95%CI):[0.38, 0.88], P < 0.00001; Pheterogeneity = 0.08 I2 = 41%). However, no association was found between the expression value of miR-34a and any clinicopathologic characteristics. In the NLP analysis of HCC, we obtained 25 significant HCC-associated signaling pathways. Besides, we explored 1000 miR-34a-related genes and 5 significant signaling pathways in which CCND1 and Bcl-2 served as necessary hub genes. In the integrative analysis, we found 61 hub genes and 5 significant pathways, including cell cycle, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, notching pathway, p53 pathway and focal adhesion, which proposed the relevant functions of miR-34a in HCC. CONCLUSION Our results may lead researchers to understand the molecular mechanism of miR-34a in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of HCC. Therefore, the interaction between miR-34a and its targets may promise better prediction and treatment for HCC. And the experiments in vivo and vitro will be conducted by our group to identify the specific mechanism of miR-34a in the progress and deterioration of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hui Ren
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Ultrasonography, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Ning Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Gu Lin
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Wei Liang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dian-Zhong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, 530021, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Chauhan R, Lahiri N. Tissue- and Serum-Associated Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. BIOMARKERS IN CANCER 2016; 8:37-55. [PMID: 27398029 PMCID: PMC4933537 DOI: 10.4137/bic.s34413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in the world, is offering a challenge to human beings, with the current modes of treatment being a palliative approach. Lack of proper curative or preventive treatment methods encouraged extensive research around the world with an aim to detect a vaccine or therapeutic target biomolecule that could lead to development of a drug or vaccine against HCC. Biomarkers or biological disease markers have emerged as a potential tool as drug/vaccine targets, as they can accurately diagnose, predict, and even prevent the diseases. Biomarker expression in tissue, serum, plasma, or urine can detect tumor in very early stages of its development and monitor the cancer progression and also the effect of therapeutic interventions. Biomarker discoveries are driven by advanced techniques, such as proteomics, transcriptomics, whole genome sequencing, micro- and micro-RNA arrays, and translational clinics. In this review, an overview of the potential of tissue- and serum-associated HCC biomarkers as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets for drug development is presented. In addition, we highlight recently developed micro-RNA, long noncoding RNA biomarkers, and single-nucleotide changes, which may be used independently or as complementary biomarkers. These active investigations going on around the world aimed at conquering HCC might show a bright light in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Chauhan
- Molecular Virology and Hepatology Research Group, Division of BioMedical Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.; Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Tu KS, Yao YM. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and related signaling pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2016; 24:2131-2142. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v24.i14.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common forms of liver cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. Although numerous therapeutic strategies have been employed to treat this fatal disease, the prognosis of HCC patients remains dismal with a low 5-year survival rate of approximately 30%. Postoperative recurrence and metastasis of HCC are the leading cause of poor prognosis. Metastasis has been thought to rely on non-motile epithelial tumor cells acquiring characteristics of mesenchymal cells, which are more migratory. This change is known as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). EMT has been considered one of the main reasons for the invasion and metastasis of HCC. Notably, increasing evidence indicates that several signaling pathways participate in the regulation of EMT in HCC. In the current review, we will discuss the current progress in research of EMT and its related signaling pathways in HCC.
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Gao JZ, Li J, DU JL, Li XL. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma progression and tumor recurrence. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1791-1798. [PMID: 26998078 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the expression level of HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its association with various clinicopathological characteristics, and to further explore the molecular mechanisms of HOTAIR function in HCC. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of HOTAIR in 60 paired fresh HCC samples and adjacent normal liver tissue samples. The association between HOTAIR expression and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. Lentivirus-mediated HOTAIR-specific small hairpin RNA vectors were transfected into HepG2 cells. Cell proliferation and invasion in vitro were examined by MTT and Transwell assays, respectively. A xenograft model was used to analyze the tumorigenesis of liver cancer cells in vivo. In addition, semi-quantitative RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of Wnt/β-catenin signaling molecules under the condition of HOTAIR inhibition. The results revealed that the expression level of HOTAIR in HCC tissues was higher than that in adjacent non-cancerous tissues. HOTAIR expression was significantly associated with poor tumor differentiation (P=0.002), metastasis (P=0.002) and early recurrence (P=0.001). In vitro, the inhibition of HOTAIR in liver cancer cells resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation and invasion. HOTAIR depletion significantly inhibited the rate of growth of liver cancer cells in vivo. Furthermore, the expression levels of Wnt and β-catenin were downregulated when HOTAIR expression was suppressed. In conclusion, HOTAIR is important in the progression and recurrence of HCC, partly through the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Targeting HOTAIR may be a novel therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhi Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical College, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, P.R. China; Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China; Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Li DU
- Department of Pathology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lei Li
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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Wan X, Cheng C, Shao Q, Lin Z, Lu S, Chen Y. CD24 promotes HCC progression via triggering Notch-related EMT and modulation of tumor microenvironment. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:6073-84. [PMID: 26608371 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4442-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
CD24 is known as a cell surface molecule in hematopoiesis and also described as a diagnostic marker for tumors. Previous studies suggested the important role of CD24 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) pathogenesis. However, precise functions of CD24 in HCC are still unknown. Here, we found that CD24 is highly expressed in HCC both in mRNA and protein levels. Further, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and Notch1 signaling activations mediated by CD24 were elucidated as potential mechanisms of HCC promotion in Hepa1-6/Hepa1-6-CD24 cell models. Additionally, possible systemic immune reaction was explored through immune cells and Hepa1-6/Hepa1-6-CD24 cell co-culture. We demonstrated that the EMT process of HCC cell was effectively induced by CD24; also, the tumor immune microenvironment was changed by facilitating Notch-related EMT in vivo. These results reveal the underlying link between the HCC processes mediated by CD24. Moreover, as a clear tumor promoter, CD24 is considered a potential new target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wan
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ci Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhe Lin
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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Gao J, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zheng G, Xu H. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates Notch signaling by its effects on Notch1 and Notch4 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2015; 48:329-37. [PMID: 26530164 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Deregulated expression of Notch receptors and abnormal activity of Notch signaling have been observed in a growing number of malignant tumors, however, the expression and activity of Notch in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and their relationship with HBV X protein (HBx) are still not fully elucidated. To address this, we examined the overall expression of Notch receptors in HBV-associated HCC tissues, analyzed their relationship with HBx, and further investigated the role of Notch signaling in HBx stable transfected HepG2 cells (HepG2X). The results showed that Notch signaling could be activated by HBx in HepG2 cells. The expression of cytoplasmic Notch1 or nuclear Notch4 was correlated with the expression of HBx in HBV-associated HCC tissues. The expression of cytoplasmic Notch1 or nuclear Notch4 could also be upregulated by HBx in HepG2X cells. The upregulation of Notch1 by HBx was through p38 MAPK pathway. Moreover, HBx was found to directly interact with Notch1, whereas, not with Notch4 in HepG2X cells. Suppression of Notch signaling by γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI) decreased cell growth, blocked cell cycle progression and induced cell apoptosis in HepG2X cells. The present study indicates that HBx activates Notch signaling by its effects on Notch1 and Notch4, and therefore, recruits Notch signaling as a downstream pathway contributing to its carcinogenic role in HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Gao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yimin Xiong
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Zheng
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Hualin Xu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command PLA, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
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Kunnimalaiyaan S, Sokolowski KM, Balamurugan M, Gamblin TC, Kunnimalaiyaan M. Xanthohumol inhibits Notch signaling and induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127464. [PMID: 26011160 PMCID: PMC4444108 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite improvement in therapeutic strategies, median survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains less than one year. Therefore, molecularly targeted compounds with less toxic profiles are needed. Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone has been shown to have anti-proliferative effects in various cancers types in vitro. XN treatment in healthy mice and humans yielded favorable pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Therefore, we determined to study the effects of XN and understand the mechanism of its action in HCC. The effects of XN on a panel of HCC cell lines were assessed for cell viability, colony forming ability, and cellular proliferation. Cell lysates were analyzed for pro-apoptotic (c-PARP and cleaved caspase-3) and anti-apoptotic markers (survivin, cyclin D1, and Mcl-1). XN concentrations of 5μM and above significantly reduced the cell viability, colony forming ability and also confluency of all four HCC cell lines studied. Furthermore, growth suppression due to apoptosis was evidenced by increased expression of pro-apoptotic and reduced expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Importantly, XN treatment inhibited the Notch signaling pathway as evidenced by the decrease in the expression of Notch1 and HES-1 proteins. Ectopic expression of Notch1 in HCC cells reverses the anti-proliferative effect of XN as evidenced by reduced growth suppression compared to control. Taken together these results suggested that XN mediated growth suppression is appeared to be mediated by the inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway. Therefore, our findings warrants further studies on XN as a potential agent for the treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvi Kunnimalaiyaan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Kevin M. Sokolowski
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Mariappan Balamurugan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - T. Clark Gamblin
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
| | - Muthusamy Kunnimalaiyaan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology and Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Elewa MAF, Al-Gayyar MM, Schaalan MF, Abd El Galil KH, Ebrahim MA, El-Shishtawy MM. Hepatoprotective and anti-tumor effects of targeting MMP-9 in hepatocellular carcinoma and its relation to vascular invasion markers. Clin Exp Metastasis 2015; 32:479-93. [PMID: 25999065 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-015-9721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current study aims to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antitumor efficacy of doxycycline, as an matrix metalloproteases-9 (MMP-9) inhibitor, in an in vivo model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC was induced experimentally by thiocetamide (200 mg/kg) in rats that were treated with doxycycline (5 mg/kg for 16 weeks). Tumor severity was evaluated by measuring α-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, histopathologically by investigating liver sections stained with hematoxylin/eosin and assessing the survival rate. Liver homogenates were used for the measurements of MMP-9, fascin and hepatic heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) levels. Oxidative stress markers [malonaldehyde (MDA) and glutathione] as well as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) gene expression were also among the assessed indicators. HCC in human and animal samples showed significant elevation in the levels of MMP-9 (231.7, 90 %), fascin (33.17, 140 %), as well as FGF-2 gene expression (342 % in animal samples; all respectively), associated with a significant decrease in hepatic HSPG level. Treatment of rats with doxycycline increased the animal survival rate (90 %) and decreased serum AFP level. Moreover, doxycycline ameliorated fibrosis and the induced massive hepatic tissue breakdown. It also restored the integrity of hepatic HSPGs and showed a magnificent inhibitory effect of tumor invasion cascade by significantly reducing the activities of MMP-9 (42 %) and fascin (50 %), as well as reducing the gene expression of FGF-2 (85.7 %). Furthermore, the antioxidant impact of doxycycline was evidenced by the significant elevation in glutathione level and depressing MDA level. To this end, doxycycline, proved promising hepatoprotective and antitumor activity and opens, thereby, a new horizon against vascular migration ability of the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A F Elewa
- Dept. of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr International University, 28km Cairo-Ismailia Road, Cairo, 18111, Egypt,
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Zhang XD, Wang Y, Ye LH. Hepatitis B virus X protein accelerates the development of hepatoma. Cancer Biol Med 2014; 11:182-90. [PMID: 25364579 PMCID: PMC4197427 DOI: 10.7497/j.issn.2095-3941.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The chronic infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is closely related to the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Accumulated evidence has shown that HBV X protein (HBx protein) is a multifunctional regulator with a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis. However, information on the mechanism by which HBV induces HCC is lacking. This review focuses on the pathological functions of HBx in HBV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. As a transactivator, HBx can modulate nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and transcription factor AP-2. Moreover, HBx can affect regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNAs and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), such as miRNA-205 and highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC), respectively. HBx is also involved in epigenetic modification, including methylation and acetylation. HBx interacts with various signal-transduction pathways, such as protein kinase B/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, signal transducer and activator of transcription, and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, HBx affects cellular fate by shifting the balance toward cell survival. HBx may lead to the loss of apoptotic functions or directly contributes to oncogenesis by achieving transforming functions, which induce hepatocarcinogenesis. Additionally, HBx can modulate apoptosis and immune response by direct or indirect interaction with host factors. We conclude that HBx hastens the development of hepatoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Zhang
- 1 Department of Cancer Research, 2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- 1 Department of Cancer Research, 2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li-Hong Ye
- 1 Department of Cancer Research, 2 Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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The proteins DLK1 and DLK2 modulate NOTCH1-dependent proliferation and oncogenic potential of human SK-MEL-2 melanoma cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2674-84. [PMID: 25093684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NOTCH receptors regulate cell proliferation and survival in several types of cancer cells. Depending on the cellular context, NOTCH1 can function as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor gene. DLK1 is also involved in the regulation of cell growth and cancer, but nothing is known about the role of DLK2 in these processes. Recently, the proteins DLK1 and DLK2 have been reported to interact with NOTCH1 and to inhibit NOTCH1 activation and signaling in different cell lines. In this work, we focused on the role of DLK proteins in the control of melanoma cell growth, where NOTCH1 is known to exert an oncogenic effect. We found that human DLK proteins inhibit NOTCH signaling in SK-MEL-2 metastatic melanoma cells. Moreover, the proliferation rate of these cells was dependent upon the level of NOTCH activation and signaling as regulated by DLK proteins. In particular, high levels of NOTCH inhibition resulted in a decrease, whereas lower levels of NOTCH inhibition led to an increase in melanoma cell proliferation rates, both in vitro and in vivo. Finally, our data revealed additive NOTCH-mediated effects of DLK proteins and the γ-secretase inhibitor DAPT on cell proliferation. The data presented in this work suggest that a fine regulation of NOTCH signaling plays an important role in the control of metastatic melanoma cell proliferation. Our results open the way to new research on the role of DLK proteins as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of human melanoma.
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Sun Q, Wang R, Luo J, Wang P, Xiong S, Liu M, Cheng B. Notch1 promotes hepatitis B virus X protein-induced hepatocarcinogenesis via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1638-48. [PMID: 25017705 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via a network of signaling pathways. Notch pathway is a major member of the network. Notch signaling may generate opposing effect in different steps of carcinogenesis, depending on the tumor cell type and the status of other signaling pathways, such as Wnt signaling pathway. Our previous studies have shown that activated Notch1 signaling is required for HBx to promote proliferation and survival of human hepatic cell line L02. However, the exact mechanisms remain vague. Here, we used L02/HBx cell lines as a cell model to study the relationship between Notch and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in promoting proliferation. We observed that activated Notch1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways and L02 cell malignant transformation were induced by HBx. Inhibition of the Notch1 pathway decreased the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and cell proliferation, while inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway impaired cell proliferation, but did not significantly affect Notch1 signaling pathway in L02/HBx cells. Furthermore, inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway overcame the inhibition effect of knockdown Notch1 on proliferation and survival in L02/HBx cells. Additionally, the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling appears to be consistent with Fzd10 expression. Therefore, we demonstrate that Wnt signaling is downstream of the Notch pathway in regulating proliferation of L02/HBx cells, and which may be related to Fzd10 instead of Fzd7. These data suggest a new model of HBx-related HCC via cooperation between Wnt and Notch pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Si Xiong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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