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Bae ES, Hong J, Lim Y, Byun WS, Chun S, Hong S, Lee SK. Evo312: An Evodiamine Analog and Novel PKCβI Inhibitor with Potent Antitumor Activity in Gemcitabine-Resistant Pancreatic Cancer. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39151060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
As an obstinate cancer pancreatic cancer (PC) poses a major challenge due to limited treatment options which include resection surgery, radiation therapy, and gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. In cancer cells, protein kinase C βI (PKCβI) participates in diverse cellular processes, including cell proliferation, invasion, and apoptotic pathways. In the present study, we created a scaffold to develop PKCβI inhibitors using evodiamine-based synthetic molecules. Among the candidate inhibitors, Evo312 exhibited the highest antiproliferative efficacy against PC cells, PANC-1, and acquired gemcitabine-resistant PC cells, PANC-GR. Additionally, Evo312 robustly inhibited PKCβI activity. Mechanistically, Evo312 effectively suppressed the upregulation of PKCβI protein expression, leading to the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in PANC-GR cells. Furthermore, Evo312 exerted an antitumor activity in a PANC-GR cell-implanted xenograft mouse model. These findings position Evo312 as a promising lead compound for overcoming gemcitabine resistance in PC through novel mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Seo Bae
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhwa Hong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yijae Lim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Sub Byun
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Simin Chun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Suckchang Hong
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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2
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Wani AK, Singh R, Akhtar N, Prakash A, Nepovimova E, Oleksak P, Chrienova Z, Alomar S, Chopra C, Kuca K. Targeted Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Axis: Potential for Sarcoma Therapy. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1496-1520. [PMID: 38265369 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575270904231129062137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of malignancies often resistant to conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/ protein kinase B /mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) signaling pathway has emerged as a critical cancer target due to its central role in regulating key cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in the development and progression of bone sarcomas (BS) and soft tissue sarcomas (STS). PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors have shown promising preclinical and clinical activity in various cancers. These agents can inhibit the activation of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR, thereby reducing the downstream signaling events that promote tumor growth and survival. In addition, PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors have been shown to enhance the efficacy of other anticancer therapies, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. The different types of PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors vary in their specificity, potency, and side effect profiles and may be effective depending on the specific sarcoma type and stage. The molecular targeting of PI3K/Akt/mToR pathway using drugs, phytochemicals, nanomaterials (NMs), and microbe-derived molecules as Pan-PI3K inhibitors, selective PI3K inhibitors, and dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors have been delineated. While there are still challenges to be addressed, the preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that these inhibitors may significantly improve patient outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the potential of these inhibitors as sarcoma therapeutics and to continue developing more selective and effective agents to meet the clinical needs of sarcoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Khurshid Wani
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Nahid Akhtar
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Ajit Prakash
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Patrik Oleksak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Zofia Chrienova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
| | - Suliman Alomar
- King Saud University, Zoology Department, College of Science, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar (144411), Punjab, India
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czechia
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Králové, Czechia
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3
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Yang YT, Engleberg AI, Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan V. Establishment and Characterization of Cell Lines from Canine Metastatic Osteosarcoma. Cells 2023; 13:25. [PMID: 38201229 PMCID: PMC10778184 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements in treatments for other cancers, the outcomes for osteosarcoma (OSA) patients have not improved in the past forty years, especially in metastatic patients. Moreover, the major cause of death in OSA patients is due to metastatic lesions. In the current study, we report on the establishment of three cell lines derived from metastatic canine OSA patients and their transcriptome as compared to normal canine osteoblasts. All the OSA cell lines displayed significant upregulation of genes in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway, and upregulation of key cytokines such as CXCL8, CXCL10 and IL6. The two most upregulated genes are MX1 and ISG15. Interestingly, ISG15 has recently been identified as a potential therapeutic target for OSA. In addition, there is notable downregulation of cell cycle control genes, including CDKN2A, CDKN2B and THBS1. At the protein level, p16INK4A, coded by CDKN2A, was undetectable in all the canine OSA cell lines, while expression of the tumor suppressor PTEN was variable, with one cell line showing complete absence and others showing low levels of expression. In addition, the cells express a variety of actionable genes, including KIT, ERBB2, VEGF and immune checkpoint genes. These findings, similar to those reported in human OSA, point to some genes that can be used for prognosis, targeted therapies and novel drug development for both canine and human OSA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Yang
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (Y.-T.Y.); (A.I.E.)
| | - Alexander I. Engleberg
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (Y.-T.Y.); (A.I.E.)
| | - Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; (Y.-T.Y.); (A.I.E.)
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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4
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Sadrkhanloo M, Paskeh MDA, Hashemi M, Raesi R, Bahonar A, Nakhaee Z, Entezari M, Beig Goharrizi MAS, Salimimoghadam S, Ren J, Nabavi N, Rashidi M, Dehkhoda F, Taheriazam A, Tan SC, Hushmandi K. New emerging targets in osteosarcoma therapy: PTEN and PI3K/Akt crosstalk in carcinogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154902. [PMID: 37922723 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone carcinoma that affects people in childhood and adulthood. The heterogeneous nature and chromosomal instability represent certain characteristics of OS cells. These cancer cells grow and migrate abnormally, making the prognosis undesirable for patients. Conventional and current treatments fail to completely eradicate tumor cells, so new therapeutics targeting genes may be considered. PI3K/Akt is a regulator of events such as growth, cell death, migration, and differentiation, and its expression changes during cancer progression. PTEN reduces PI3K/Akt expression, and its mutations and depletions have been reported in various tumors. Experimental evidence shows that there is upregulation of PI3K/Akt and downregulation of PTEN in OS. Increasing PTEN expression may suppress PI3K/Akt to minimize tumorigenesis. In addition, PI3K/Akt shows a positive association with growth, metastasis, EMT and metabolism of OS cells and inhibits apoptosis. Importantly, overexpression of PI3K/Akt causes drug resistance and radio-resistance and its level can be modulated by miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Silencing PI3K/Akt by compounds and drugs can suppress OS. Here, we review in detail the function of the PTEN/PI3K/Akt in OS, revealing its biological function, function in tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Department of Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahonar
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nakhaee
- Medical School, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Jun Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, V6H3Z6 Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Farshid Dehkhoda
- Department of Orthopedics, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shing Cheng Tan
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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5
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Xiao SJ, Xu XK, Chen W, Xin JY, Yuan WL, Zu XP, Shen YH. Traditional Chinese medicine Euodiae Fructus: botany, traditional use, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity and quality control. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 36790599 PMCID: PMC9931992 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Euodiae Fructus, referred to as "Wuzhuyu" in Chinese, has been used as local and traditional herbal medicines in many regions, especially in China, Japan and Korea, for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, headache, emesis, aphtha, dermatophytosis, dysentery, etc. Substantial investigations into their chemical and pharmacological properties have been performed. Recently, interest in this plant has been focused on the different structural types of alkaloids like evodiamine, rutaecarpine, dehydroevodiamine and 1-methyl-2-undecyl-4(1H)-quinolone, which exhibit a wide range of pharmacological activities in preclinical models, such as anticancer, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular disease, etc. This review summarizes the up-to-date and comprehensive information concerning the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology of Euodiae Fructus together with the toxicology and quality control, and discusses the possible direction and scope for future research on this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jia Xiao
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xi-Ke Xu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Yun Xin
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Wen-Lin Yuan
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xian-Peng Zu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yun-Heng Shen
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, No. 325 Guohe Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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6
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Wang Z, Xiong Y, Peng Y, Zhang X, Li S, Peng Y, Peng X, Zhuo L, Jiang W. Natural product evodiamine-inspired medicinal chemistry: Anticancer activity, structural optimization and structure-activity relationship. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 247:115031. [PMID: 36549115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.115031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
It is a well-known phenomenon that natural products can serve as powerful drug leads to generate new molecular entities with novel therapeutic utility. Evodiamine (Evo), a major alkaloid component in traditional Chinese medicine Evodiae Fructus, is considered a desirable lead scaffold as its multifunctional pharmacological properties. Although natural Evo has suboptimal biological activity, poor pharmacokinetics, low water solubility, and chemical instability, medicinal chemists have succeeded in producing synthetic analogs that overshadow the deficiency of Evo in terms of further clinical application. Recently, several reviews on the synthesis, structural modification, mechanism pharmacological actions, structure-activity relationship (SAR) of Evo have been published, while few reviews that incorporates intensive structural basis and extensive SAR are reported. The purpose of this article is to review the structural basis, anti-cancer activities, and mechanisms of Evo and its derivatives. Emphasis will be placed on the optimizing strategies to improve the anticancer activities, such as structural modifications, pharmacophore combination and drug delivery systems. The current review would benefit further structural modifications of Evo to discover novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Yongxia Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Shuang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yan Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Linsheng Zhuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Postdoctoral Station for Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Weifan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; Postdoctoral Station for Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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7
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Evodiamine as an anticancer agent: a comprehensive review on its therapeutic application, pharmacokinetic, toxicity, and metabolism in various cancers. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022; 39:1-31. [PMID: 36138312 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine is a major alkaloid component found in the fruit of Evodia rutaecarpa. It shows the anti-proliferative potential against a wide range of cancers by suppressing cell growth, invasion, and metastasis and inducing apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Evodiamine shows its anticancer potential by modulating aberrant signaling pathways. Additionally, the review focuses on several therapeutic implications of evodiamine, such as epigenetic modification, cancer stem cells, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Moreover, combinatory drug therapeutics along with evodiamine enhances the anticancer efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs in various cancers by overcoming the chemo resistance and radio resistance shown by cancer cells. It has been widely used in preclinical trials in animal models, exhibiting very negligible side effects against normal cells and effective against cancer cells. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics-based collaborations of evodiamine are also included. Due to its poor bioavailability, synthetic analogs of evodiamine and its nano capsule have been formulated to enhance its bioavailability and reduce toxicity. In addition, this review summarizes the ongoing research on the mechanisms behind the antitumor potential of evodiamine, which proposes an exciting future for such interests in cancer biology.
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8
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Kazantseva L, Becerra J, Santos-Ruiz L. Traditional Medicinal Plants as a Source of Inspiration for Osteosarcoma Therapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27155008. [PMID: 35956961 PMCID: PMC9370649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common types of bone cancers among paediatric patients. Despite the advances made in surgery, chemo-, and radiotherapy, the mortality rate of metastatic osteosarcoma remains unchangeably high. The standard drug combination used to treat this bone cancer has remained the same for the last 20 years, and it produces many dangerous side effects. Through history, from ancient to modern times, nature has been a remarkable source of chemical diversity, used to alleviate human disease. The application of modern scientific technology to the study of natural products has identified many specific molecules with anti-cancer properties. This review describes the latest discovered anti-cancer compounds extracted from traditional medicinal plants, with a focus on osteosarcoma research, and on their cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The presented compounds have proven to kill osteosarcoma cells by interfering with different pathways: apoptosis induction, stimulation of autophagy, generation of reactive oxygen species, etc. This wide variety of cellular targets confer natural products the potential to be used as chemotherapeutic drugs, and also the ability to act as sensitizers in drug combination treatments. The major hindrance for these molecules is low bioavailability. A problem that may be solved by chemical modification or nano-encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliya Kazantseva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
| | - José Becerra
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Leonor Santos-Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Wang S, Wang Z. Recent advance on carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114606. [PMID: 35858523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the fourth leading cause of death among the elderly worldwide, has brought enormous challenge to the society. Due to its extremely complex pathogeneses, the development of multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) becomes the major strategy for combating AD. Carbamate moiety, as an essential building block in the development of MTDLs, exhibits structural similarity to neurotransmitter acetylcholine (ACh) and has piqued extensive attention in discovering multifunctional cholinesterase inhibitors. To date, numerous preclinical studies demonstrate that carbamate-based cholinesterase inhibitors can prominently increase the level of ACh and improve cognition impairments and behavioral deficits, providing a privileged strategy for the treatment of AD. Based on the recent research focus on the novel cholinesterase inhibitors with multiple biofunctions, this review aims at summarizing and discussing the most recent studies excavating the potential carbamate-based MTDLs with cholinesterase inhibition efficacy, to accelerate the pace of pleiotropic cholinesterase inhibitors for coping AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Shuzhi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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10
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Lei F, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Liang Z, Li J, Feng Y, Hao X, Wang Z. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Evodiamine Derivatives as Potential Antihepatocellular Carcinoma Agents. J Med Chem 2022; 65:7975-7992. [PMID: 35639640 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine has many biological activities. Herein, we synthesize 23 disubstituted derivatives of N14-phenyl or the E-ring of evodiamine and conduct systematic structure-activity relationship studies. In vitro antiproliferative activity indicated that compounds F-3 and F-4 dramatically inhibited the proliferation of Huh7 (IC50 = 0.05 or 0.04 μM, respectively) and SK-Hep-1 (IC50 = 0.07 or 0.06 μM, respectively) cells. Furthermore, compounds F-3 and F-4 could double inhibit topoisomerases I and II, inhibit invasion and migration, block the cell cycle to the G2/M stage, and induce apoptosis as well. Additionally, compounds F-3 and F-4 could also inhibit the activation of HSC-T6 and reduce the secretion of collagen type I to slow down the progression of liver fibrosis. Most importantly, compound F-4 (TGI = 60.36%) inhibited tumor growth more significantly than the positive drug sorafenib. To sum up, compound F-4 has excellent potential as a strong candidate for the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongxia Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ziyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Junfang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yiyue Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiangyong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.,State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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11
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Koltai T, Reshkin SJ, Carvalho TMA, Di Molfetta D, Greco MR, Alfarouk KO, Cardone RA. Resistance to Gemcitabine in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Physiopathologic and Pharmacologic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2486. [PMID: 35626089 PMCID: PMC9139729 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a very aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis and inadequate response to treatment. Many factors contribute to this therapeutic failure: lack of symptoms until the tumor reaches an advanced stage, leading to late diagnosis; early lymphatic and hematic spread; advanced age of patients; important development of a pro-tumoral and hyperfibrotic stroma; high genetic and metabolic heterogeneity; poor vascular supply; a highly acidic matrix; extreme hypoxia; and early development of resistance to the available therapeutic options. In most cases, the disease is silent for a long time, andwhen it does become symptomatic, it is too late for ablative surgery; this is one of the major reasons explaining the short survival associated with the disease. Even when surgery is possible, relapsesare frequent, andthe causes of this devastating picture are the low efficacy ofand early resistance to all known chemotherapeutic treatments. Thus, it is imperative to analyze the roots of this resistance in order to improve the benefits of therapy. PDAC chemoresistance is the final product of different, but to some extent, interconnected factors. Surgery, being the most adequate treatment for pancreatic cancer and the only one that in a few selected cases can achieve longer survival, is only possible in less than 20% of patients. Thus, the treatment burden relies on chemotherapy in mostcases. While the FOLFIRINOX scheme has a slightly longer overall survival, it also produces many more adverse eventsso that gemcitabine is still considered the first choice for treatment, especially in combination with other compounds/agents. This review discusses the multiple causes of gemcitabine resistance in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephan Joel Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Tiago M. A. Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Maria Raffaella Greco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
| | - Khalid Omer Alfarouk
- Zamzam Research Center, Zamzam University College, Khartoum 11123, Sudan;
- Alfarouk Biomedical Research LLC, Temple Terrace, FL 33617, USA
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy; (T.M.A.C.); (D.D.M.); (M.R.G.); (R.A.C.)
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Nešić MD, Dučić T, Gonçalves M, Stepić M, Algarra M, Soto J, Gemović B, Bandosz TJ, Petković M. Biochemical changes in cancer cells induced by photoactive nanosystem based on carbon dots loaded with Ru complex. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109950. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hao X, Deng J, Zhang H, Liang Z, Lei F, Wang Y, Yang X, Wang Z. Design, synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of novel N-phenyl-substituted evodiamine derivatives as potent anti-tumor agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 55:116595. [PMID: 34990980 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are important sources for the development of therapeutic medicine, among which evodia fruit has a wide range of medicinal properties in traditional Chinese medicine. Evodiamine, the main active component of evodia fruit, has various anti-cancer effects and has been proved to be a Topo inhibitor. From our previous attempts of modifying evodiamine, we found that the N14 phenyl substituted derivatives had showed great anti-tumor activity, which prompted us to further explore the novel structures and activities of these compounds. Compound 6f, as a N14 3-fluorinated phenyl substituted evodiamine derivative, showed a certain inhibitory activity against Topo I at 200 μM. By studying its anti-tumor effects in vitro, compound 6f could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis, as well as arrest the cell cycle of HGC-27 and HT-29 cell lines at G2/M phase in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, compound 6f could inhibit the migration and invasion of HGC-27 cell lines. Meanwhile, compound 6f could induce apoptosis of HGC-27 cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway. Overall, this work demonstrated that the N14 phenyl-substituted evodiamine derivatives had a good inhibitory effect on tumor cells in vitro, providing a promising strategy for developing potential anticancer agents for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyong Hao
- Department of General Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiedan Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Honghua Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Ziyi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fang Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China; School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Zhang L, Sun Q, Ou Y, Zhang Q, Hu J. Metformin Induces Cytotoxicity in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells by Targeting CCN1/Akt-Axis. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.182.189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Fan M, Yao L. The Synthesis, Structural Modification and Mode of Anticancer Action of Evodiamine: a review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 17:284-296. [PMID: 34939550 DOI: 10.2174/1574892817666211221165739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Finding novel antitumor reagents from naturally occurring alkaloids is a widely accepted strategy. Evodiamine, a tryptamine indole alkaloid isolated from Evodia rutaecarpa, has a wide range of biological activities, such as antitumor, anti-inflammation, and anti-bacteria. Hence, research works on the structural modification of evodiamine will facilitate the discovery of new antitumor drugs. OBJECTIVE The recent advances in the synthesis of evodiamine, and studies on the drug design, biological activities, and structure-activity-relationships of its derivatives, published in patents and primary literatures, are reviewed in this paper. METHODS The literatures, including patents and follow-up research papers from 2015 to 2020, related to evodiamine is searched in the Scifinder, PubMed, Espacenet, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang databases. The key words are evodiamine, synthesis, modification, anticancer, mechanism. RESULTS The synthesis of evodiamine are summarized. Then, structural modifications of evodiamine are described, and the possible modes of actions are discussed. CONCLUSION Evodiamine has a 6/5/6/6/6 ring system, and the structural modifications are focused on ring A, D, E, C5, N-13, and N-14. Some compounds show promising anticancer potentials and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, Shandong. China
| | - Lei Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, 30 Qingquan Road, Yantai, 264005, Shandong. China
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Luo C, Ai J, Ren E, Li J, Feng C, Li X, Luo X. Research progress on evodiamine, a bioactive alkaloid of Evodiae fructus: Focus on its anti-cancer activity and bioavailability (Review). Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1327. [PMID: 34630681 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evodiae fructus (Wu-Zhu-Yu in Chinese) can be isolated from the dried, unripe fruits of Tetradium ruticarpum and is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is applied extensively in China, Japan and Korea. Evodiae fructus has been traditionally used to treat headaches, abdominal pain and menorrhalgia. In addition, it is widely used as a dietary supplement to provide carboxylic acids, essential oils and flavonoids. Evodiamine (EVO) is one of the major bioactive components contained within Evodiae fructus and is considered to be a potential candidate anti-cancer agent. EVO has been reported to exert anti-cancer effects by inhibiting cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, whilst inducing apoptosis in numerous types of cancer cells. However, EVO is susceptible to metabolism and may inhibit the activities of metabolizing enzymes, such as cytochrome P450. Clinical application of EVO in the treatment of cancers may prove difficult due to poor bioavailability and potential toxicity due to metabolism. Currently, novel drug carriers involving the use of solid dispersion techniques, phospholipids and nanocomplexes to deliver EVO to improve its bioavailability and mitigate side effects have been tested. The present review aims to summarize the reported anti-cancer effects of EVO whilst discussing the pharmacokinetic behaviors, characteristics and effective delivery systems of EVO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodan Luo
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Jingwen Ai
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Erfang Ren
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Chunmei Feng
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Luo
- Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing Engineering Technology Center, Guangxi Institute of Subtropical Agricultural Products Processing, Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530001, P.R. China
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Wang T, Qi D, Hu X, Li N, Zhang X, Liu H, Zhong C, Zhang J. A novel evodiamine amino derivative as a PI3K/AKT signaling pathway modulator that induces apoptosis in small cell lung cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 906:174215. [PMID: 34081902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) was derivatized to a C10-amino derivative (EVA) using a two-step method suitable for industrializing production. This method has advantages such as a short reaction time, high yield, few byproducts and simple purification. The AUC and Cmax values of EVA were 7.02- and 4.62-fold, while the Tmax and Cl values were one-half and one-eighth that of EVO, respectively. EVA markedly improved the bioavailability, which might be ascribed to the serum albumin deposit effect. EVA was bound to albumin in the same hydrophobic pocket as EVO, but one more hydrogen bond was formed between Asp323 and the amino group at the C10 position. The amino derivative of natural alkaloids showed a substantial increase in antitumor activity on small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells. The role of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in alkaloid/derivative-induced apoptosis in tumor cells was thoroughly described. p-AKT, its downstream effectors Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and its upstream regulator PTEN were regulated by EVA. The interaction between EVO/EVA and the upstream protein PI3K p110 was first investigated with molecular docking. The apoptosis induced by EVA was abrogated after the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was reactivated by IGF-1. The interaction between EVO/EVA and P-gp was also first studied using docking method. Their binding forces were weak. But EVA might reduce much expression of P-gp than EVO, and ultimately led to reduction of EVA efflux. Our study provides novel insights into a feasible and productive amino derivative of natural alkaloids for SCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Di Qi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, PLA, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Xueyuan Hu
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Na Li
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Hongming Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanchuan People's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 408400, China.
| | - Cailing Zhong
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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Sun Q, Xie L, Song J, Li X. Evodiamine: A review of its pharmacology, toxicity, pharmacokinetics and preparation researches. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113164. [PMID: 32738391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Evodia rutaecarpa, a well-known herb medicine in China, is extensively applied in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The plant has the effects of dispersing cold and relieving pain, arresting vomiting, and helping Yang and stopping diarrhea. Modern research demonstrates that evodiamine, the main component of Evodia rutaecarpa, is the material basis for its efficacy. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This paper is primarily addressed to summarize the current studies on evodiamine. The progress in research on the pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics, preparation researches and clinical application are reviewed. Moreover, outlooks and directions for possible future studies concerning it are also discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information of this systematic review was conducted with resources of multiple literature databases including PubMed, Google scholar, Web of Science and Wiley Online Library and so on, with employing a combination of keywords including "pharmacology", "toxicology", "pharmacokinetics" and "clinical application", etc. RESULTS: As the main component of Evodia rutaecarpa, evodiamine shows considerable pharmacological activities, such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-microbial, heart protection and metabolic disease regulation. However, it is also found that it has significant hepatotoxicity and cardiotoxicity, thereby it should be monitored in clinical. In addition, available data demonstrate that the evodiamine has a needy solubility in aqueous medium. Scientific and reasonable pharmaceutical strategies should be introduced to improve the above defects. Meanwhile, more efforts should be made to develop novel efficient and low toxic derivatives. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the results from current studies of evodiamine, which is one of the valuable medicinal ingredients from Evodia rutaecarpa. With the assistance of relevant pharmacological investigation, some conventional application and problems in pharmaceutical field have been researched in recent years. In addition, unresolved issues include toxic mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, novel pharmaceutical researches and relationship between residues and intestinal environment, which are still being explored and excavate before achieving integration into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Long Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Jiawen Song
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, PR China.
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Zheng C, Tang F, Min L, Hornicek F, Duan Z, Tu C. PTEN in osteosarcoma: Recent advances and the therapeutic potential. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188405. [PMID: 32827577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, predominantly occurring in children and adolescents. Despite treated with surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, osteosarcoma has a high potential of local recurrence and lung metastasis. Overall survival rates for osteosarcoma have plateaued in the past four decades, therefore, identification of novel targets and development of more effective treatment strategies are urgent. Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor gene that negatively regulates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway. Over half of clinical osteosarcoma samples presented loss or low expression of PTEN, which usually indicated an advanced stage of tumor and a poor prognosis. The expression of PTEN is regulated by epigenetic silence, transcription regulation, post-translational modifications, and protein interactions in osteosarcoma. Therefore, explicating regulations to restore the anti-tumor function of PTEN might provide novel targeted therapies for osteosarcoma. Preclinical evidence suggested directly targeting the altered PTEN in osteosarcoma was promising. Current clinical application of PTEN related therapies in osteosarcoma are PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, and these drugs have shown the favorable efficacy in patients with advanced osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanxi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Francis Hornicek
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young. Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6902, USA
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 615 Charles E. Young. Dr. South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6902, USA.
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Guoxue Xiang No. 37, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Yang S, Chen J, Tan T, Wang N, Huang Y, Wang Y, Yuan X, Zhang P, Luo J, Luo X. Evodiamine Exerts Anticancer Effects Against 143B and MG63 Cells Through the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:2875-2888. [PMID: 32425601 PMCID: PMC7196244 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s238093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone neoplasm and is associated with abysmal prognosis. There are limitations of current treatment methods. Therefore, developing new agents to treat osteosarcoma is exceptionally urgent. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effects of evodiamine (EVO) on osteosarcoma cells and, meanwhile, to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods The effect of EVO on the proliferation of osteosarcoma was detected by MTT assay, crystal violet assay and colony formation assay. The effects of EVO on the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma were detected by wound-healing assay and transwell assay. The effect of EVO on apoptosis of osteosarcoma was measured by Hoechst 33258 staining and cell cycle assay. The protein expression levels were detected by Western blotting assay. The activity of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway was detected by luciferase reporter assay and Western blotting assay. Results According to MTT, crystal violet and colony formation assay results, EVO significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining assay revealed that EVO induced cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, EVO inhibited the migration and invasion of the osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that EVO suppresses metastatic through suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) as indicated by elevating the expression of epithelial marker E‐cadherin and reducing the expression of mesenchymal markers N‐cadherin and vimentin, as well as EMT transcription factors Snail and MMPs. Subsequently, EVO induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase that correlated with reduced levels of cyclin D1 protein, while the apoptotic effects of EVO were associated with the upregulation of Bax and Bad and a decrease in Bcl-2 protein levels. Furthermore, EVO exerted the anticancer effects by suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in osteosarcoma cells. Conclusion In summary, EVO exhibited potent anticancer effects against human osteosarcoma cells and promoted apoptosis through suppressing Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. These results indicated that EVO may be regarded as a new approach for osteosarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdong Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Tan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanran Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis of Education Ministry, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoji Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, People's Republic of China
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Evodiamine Mitigates Cellular Growth and Promotes Apoptosis by Targeting the c-Met Pathway in Prostate Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061320. [PMID: 32183146 PMCID: PMC7144730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) is an indoloquinazoline alkaloid that exerts its various anti-oncogenic actions by blocking phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), c-Met, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways, thus leading to apoptosis of tumor cells. We investigated the ability of EVO to affect hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced c-Met/Src/STAT3 activation cascades in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). First, we noted that EVO showed cytotoxicity and anti-proliferation activities in PC-3 and DU145 cells. Next, we found that EVO markedly inhibited HGF-induced c-Met/Src/STAT3 phosphorylation and impaired the nuclear translocation of STAT3 protein. Then, we noted that EVO arrested the cell cycle, caused apoptosis, and downregulated the expression of various carcinogenic markers such as B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), cyclin D1, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and matrix metallopeptidases 9 (MMP-9). Moreover, it was observed that in cPC-3 and DU145 cells transfected with c-Met small interfering RNA (siRNA), Src/STAT3 activation was also mitigated and led to a decrease in EVO-induced apoptotic cell death. According to our results, EVO can abrogate the activation of the c-Met/Src/STAT3 signaling axis and thus plays a role as a robust suppressor of tumor cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis.
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Kadikova RN, Ramazanov IR, Gabdullin AM, Mozgovoj OS, Dzhemilev UM. Synthesis of heteroatom-containing pyrrolidine derivatives based on Ti(O- iPr) 4 and EtMgBr-catalyzed carbocyclization of allylpropargyl amines with Et 2Zn. RSC Adv 2020; 10:17881-17891. [PMID: 35515579 PMCID: PMC9053609 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02677h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ti(O-iPr)4 and EtMgBr-catalyzed regio and stereoselective carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et2Zn, followed by deuterolysis or hydrolysis, affords the corresponding methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields. It was found that Ti–Mg-catalyzed carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et2Zn is equally selective in dichloromethane, hexane, toluene, and diethyl ether. The reaction was tolerant to the presence of aryl, alkyl, trimethylsilyl, methoxymethyl and aminomethyl substituents on the alkyne. A selective method was proposed for the preparation of bis-pyrrolidine derivatives using Ti–Mg-catalyzed carbocyclization of bis-allylpropargyl amines with Et2Zn. The Ti(O-iPr)4 and EtMgBr-catalyzed regio and stereoselective carbocyclization of N-allyl-substituted 2-alkynylamines with Et2Zn, followed by deuterolysis or hydrolysis, affords the corresponding methylenepyrrolidine derivatives in high yields.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita N. Kadikova
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ufa 450075
- Russian Federation
| | - Ilfir R. Ramazanov
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ufa 450075
- Russian Federation
| | - Azat M. Gabdullin
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ufa 450075
- Russian Federation
| | - Oleg S. Mozgovoj
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ufa 450075
- Russian Federation
| | - Usein M. Dzhemilev
- Institute of Petrochemistry and Catalysis of Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ufa 450075
- Russian Federation
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23
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Kim SH, Kang JG, Kim CS, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Lee SJ. Evodiamine in combination with histone deacetylase inhibitors has synergistic cytotoxicity in thyroid carcinoma cells. Endocrine 2019; 65:110-120. [PMID: 31102069 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-019-01885-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The impact of evodiamine in combination with histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors on survival of thyroid carcinoma cells was identified. METHODS TPC-1 and SW1736 human thyroid carcinoma cells were used. RESULTS After treatment with evodiamine and PXD101, cell viability, the percentage of viable cells and Bcl2 protein levels decreased, whereas cytotoxic activity, the percentage of apoptotic cells, the protein levels of γH2AX, acetyl. histone H3 and cleaved PARP, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production increased. In cells treated with both evodiamine and PXD101, compared with PXD101 alone, decrement of cell viability, the percentage of viable cells, and Bcl2 protein levels as well as increment of cytotoxic activity, the percentage of apoptotic cells, the protein levels of γH2AX and cleaved PARP, and ROS production were significant, causing decrement of Bcl2/Bax ratio. Furthermore, all of the combination index values were <1.0, suggesting synergistic cytotoxicity of two agents. Wortmannin decreased cell viability and the percentage of viable cells, whereas it increased cytotoxic activity and the percentage of apoptotic cells without alteration in ROS production. The changes in cells treated with both evodiamine and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid or trichostatin A were similar to those in cells treated with both evodiamine and PXD101. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that evodiamine synergizes with HDAC inhibitors in inducing cytotoxic activities by involving survival-related proteins and ROS in thyroid carcinoma cells. Moreover, repression of PI3K/Akt signaling synergistically reinforces cytotoxicity of evodiamine combined with HDAC inhibitors in thyroid carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Hyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Goo Kang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Sik Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Ihm
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Gi Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Jin Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Wu Y, Wang J, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Chen J, Wang J. Gene regulation analysis of the effects of evodiamine on tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15933-15940. [PMID: 31081147 PMCID: PMC6899695 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective To use gene chip technology to study the effects of evodiamine (EVO) on the gene expression profile of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) CAL‐27 cell line, for the purpose of analyzing the mechanisms underlying the effects of EVO on gene expression and functional regulation of TSCC cells at the gene level. Method Differentially expressed genes in CAL‐27 cells treated with EVO were detected using gene chip technology and analyzed using ingenuity pathway analysis. Results Microarray results showed that there were 1243 differentially expressed genes following treatment with CAL‐27 cells; 684 genes were upregulated and 559 were downregulated. Classical pathway analysis revealed a total of 89 signal transduction pathways with upregulated gene set enrichment, including lipopolysaccharide/interleukin (IL)‐1‐mediated inhibition of retinoid X receptor (RXR) function, agrin interactions at neuromuscular junctions, cholecystokinin/gastrin‐mediated signaling, toll‐like receptor signaling, and IL‐6 signaling. A total of 39 signal transduction pathways were enriched for the downregulated genes, including interferon signals, liver X receptor/RXR activation signals, and RhoGDI signals. In the disease and function analysis, the upregulated genes were enriched in viral infection, RNA virus replication, viral replication, cancer cell invasion, cell invasion, and other related functions, while downregulated genes were enriched in neuromuscular diseases, and leukocyte differentiation, antiviral response, connective tissue cell death and other functions. Conclusions Gene chip analysis offers an effective means of screening differential gene expression between EVO‐treated TSCCs and controls, thus providing a sound basis for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Wu
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiayuan Zhao
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yunjie Sun
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The First Hospital of Lznzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Periodontology, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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25
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Li CG, Zeng QZ, Chen MY, Xu LH, Zhang CC, Mai FY, Zeng CY, He XH, Ouyang DY. Evodiamine Augments NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Anti-bacterial Responses Through Inducing α-Tubulin Acetylation. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:290. [PMID: 30971927 PMCID: PMC6443907 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evodiamine is a major ingredient of the plant Evodia rutaecarpa, which has long been used for treating infection-related diseases including diarrhea, beriberi and oral ulcer, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here we aimed to explore whether evodiamine influenced NLRP3 (NLR family, pyrin containing domain 3) inflammasome activation in macrophages, which is a critical mechanism for defending the host against pathogenic infections. We uncovered that evodiamine dose-dependently enhanced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages, as indicated by increased interleukin (IL)-1β production and caspase-1 cleavage, accompanied by increased ASC speck formation and pyroptosis. Mechanistically, evodiamine induced acetylation of α-tubulin around the microtubule organization center (indicated by γ-tubulin) in lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages. Such evodiamine-mediated increases in NLRP3 activation and pyroptosis were attenuated by activators of α-tubulin deacetylase, resveratrol and NAD+, or dynein-specific inhibitor ciliobrevin A. Small interfering RNA knockdown of αTAT1 (the gene encoding α-tubulin N-acetyltransferase) expression, which reduced α-tubulin acetylation, also diminished evodiamine-mediated augmentation of NLRP3 activation and pyroptosis. Evodiamine also enhanced NLRP3-mediated production of IL-1β and neutrophil recruitment in vivo. Moreover, evodiamine administration evidently improved survival of mice with lethal bacterial infection, accompanied by increased production of IL-1β and interferon-γ, decreased bacterial load, and dampened liver inflammation. Resveratrol treatment reversed evodiamine-induced increases of IL-1β and interferon-γ, and decreased bacterial clearance in mice. Collectively, our results indicated that evodiamine augmented the NLRP3 inflammasome activation through inducing α-tubulin acetylation, thereby conferring intensified innate immunity against bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Guang Li
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong-Zhen Zeng
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Ye Chen
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Hui Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng-Yi Mai
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen-Ying Zeng
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian-Hui He
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Yun Ouyang
- Department of Immunobiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Antiproliferative Effects of Alkaloid Evodiamine and Its Derivatives. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113403. [PMID: 30380774 PMCID: PMC6274956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkaloids, a category of natural products with ring structures and nitrogen atoms, include most U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved plant derived anti-cancer agents. Evodiamine is an alkaloid with attractive multitargeting antiproliferative activity. Its high content in the natural source ensures its adequate supply on the market and guarantees further medicinal study. To the best of our knowledge, there is no systematic review about the antiproliferative effects of evodiamine derivatives. Therefore, in this article the review of the antiproliferative activities of evodiamine will be updated. More importantly, the antiproliferative activities of structurally modified new analogues of evodiamine will be summarized for the first time.
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27
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Jiang M, Wang Y, Xu N, Zhou L, An Q. Long noncoding RNA MEG3 play an important role in osteosarcoma development through sponging microRNAs. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:5151-5159. [PMID: 30324678 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Yi‐Ran Wang
- Shanghai Medical College Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Nan Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Liyang Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Huai'an Second People's Hospital of Jiangsu Huai'an China
| | - Qing An
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
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28
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Deng W, Han W, Fan T, Wang X, Cheng Z, Wan B, Chen J. Scutellarin inhibits human renal cancer cell proliferation and migration via upregulation of PTEN. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1505-1513. [PMID: 30257368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scutellarin is a naturally flavone glycoside that has been shown to exhibit anti-proliferative and anti-apoptotic activities among various human malignancies. However, the anti-cancer effect of Scutellarin in Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS AND MATERIALS RCC cell lines ACHN and 786-O were treated with different concentrations (0-210 μM) of Scutellarin in vitro. Cell viability and proliferation were investigated by MTT and colony formation assays. Cell invasion and migration were detected by Transwell assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution was measured by flow cytometry. Western blot was used to investigate the expression levels of crucial proteins. Xenograft tumor model was established to evaluate tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS Scutellarin significantly inhibited RCC cell proliferation in a dose- and time- dependent manner. Treatment of RCC cells with Scutellarin (30, 60, and 90 μM) markedly induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 phase in a concentration-dependent characteristic. Cell invasion and migration capacities of RCC cells were also dose-dependently suppressed by Scutellarin treatment. Western blot assays revealed that the crucial proteins including cyclin D1, CDK2, Bcl2, MMP-2, and MMP-9 were significantly reduced while Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and p21 were increased by Scutellarin in RCC cells. In vivo assay indicated that Scutellarin possessed anti-cancer effect on xenograft without triggering toxic effect. Mechanically, Scutellarin dramatically increased the protein level of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) and inhibited the activity of P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Ectopic expression of PTEN enhanced the inhibitory effect of Scutellarin on RCC proliferation while knockdown of PTEN abrogated it through regulating its downstream P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Scutellarin inhibited RCC cell proliferation and invasion partially by enhancing the expression of PTEN through inhibition of P13K/AKT/mTOR pathway, suggesting that Scutellarin might serve as a potential therapeutic agent in RCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Medical Equipment, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, No. 256 Youyi West Road, 710068, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tao Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoku Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhao Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinlian Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, No. 1 Xinwang Road of Weiyang District, 710021, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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29
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Zhang Y, Yang F. Analyzing the disease module associated with osteosarcoma via a network- and pathway-based approach. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2584-2592. [PMID: 30210606 PMCID: PMC6122582 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary malignant bone tumor observed in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study was to identify an osteosarcoma-related gene module (OSM) by looking for a dense module following the integration of signals from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) into the human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. A dataset of somatic mutations in osteosarcoma was obtained from the dbGaP database and their testing P-values were incorporated into the PPI network from a recent study using the dmGWAS bioconductor package. An OSM containing 201 genes (OS genes) and 268 interactions, which were closely associated with immune response, intracellular signal transduction and cell activity was identified. Topological analysis of the OSM identified 11 genes, including APP, APPBP2, ATXN1, HSP90B1, IKZF1, KRTAP10-1, PAK1, PDPK1, SMAD4, SUZ12 and TP53 as potential diagnostic biomarkers for osteosarcoma. The overall survival analysis of osteosarcoma for those 11 genes based on a dataset from the Cancer Genome Atlas, identified APP, HSP90B1, SUZ12 and IKZF1 as osteosarcoma survival-related genes. The results of the present study should be helpful in understanding the diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcoma and its underlying mechanisms. In addition, the methodology used in the present study may be suitable for the analysis of other types of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Microsurgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Joint Surgery, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
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30
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Zhang Y, Riemer D, Schilling W, Kollmann J, Das S. Visible-Light-Mediated Efficient Metal-Free Catalyst for α-Oxygenation of Tertiary Amines to Amides. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Riemer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Waldemar Schilling
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jiri Kollmann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shoubhik Das
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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31
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Friedman JR, Nolan NA, Brown KC, Miles SL, Akers AT, Colclough KW, Seidler JM, Rimoldi JM, Valentovic MA, Dasgupta P. Anticancer Activity of Natural and Synthetic Capsaicin Analogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2018; 364:462-473. [PMID: 29246887 PMCID: PMC5803642 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.243691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nutritional compound capsaicin is the major spicy ingredient of chili peppers. Although traditionally associated with analgesic activity, recent studies have shown that capsaicin has profound antineoplastic effects in several types of human cancers. However, the applications of capsaicin as a clinically viable drug are limited by its unpleasant side effects, such as gastric irritation, stomach cramps, and burning sensation. This has led to extensive research focused on the identification and rational design of second-generation capsaicin analogs, which possess greater bioactivity than capsaicin. A majority of these natural capsaicinoids and synthetic capsaicin analogs have been studied for their pain-relieving activity. Only a few of these capsaicin analogs have been investigated for their anticancer activity in cell culture and animal models. The present review summarizes the current knowledge of the growth-inhibitory activity of natural capsaicinoids and synthetic capsaicin analogs. Future studies that examine the anticancer activity of a greater number of capsaicin analogs represent novel strategies in the treatment of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie R Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Nicholas A Nolan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Kathleen C Brown
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Sarah L Miles
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Austin T Akers
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Kate W Colclough
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Jessica M Seidler
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - John M Rimoldi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Monica A Valentovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
| | - Piyali Dasgupta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Toxicology Research Cluster, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia (J.R.F., N.A.N., S.L.M., K.C.B., A.T.A., K.W.C., J.M.S., M.A.V., P.D.); and Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi (J.M.R.)
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32
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Chen JM, Zhang J, Xia YM, Wang XX, Li J. The natural sweetener metabolite steviol inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5250-5256. [PMID: 29552164 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Steviol is the colonic metabolite of the natural sweetener steviol glycosides. It does not diffuse to the blood and the half maximal inhibitory concentration of steviol is longer compared with that of current chemotherapy agents, including 5-fluorouracil and doxorubicin. The present study demonstrated that steviol inhibits the proliferation of the human osteosarcoma U2OS cell line in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and that the inhibition rate is comparative with that of doxorubicin and 5-fluorouracil. The mechanism of this anticancer activity is also investigated. The results indicated that steviol inhibits U2OS cells through inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest, downregulating the ability of colony formation via a mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, which was indicated by an increase of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1, tumor protein 53 and cyclin-dependent kinase; whereas a Survivin and Caspase 3-independent mechanism was involved. Considering that steviol appears minimally in the plasma during metabolism, and possesses a median lethal dose of 100-fold greater compared with that of 5-fluorouracil, it may become a potential chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Mei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine of Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214063, P.R. China
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33
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Peterse EFP, van Leeuwen TN, Cleton-Jansen AM. A researcher's perspective on the quantity of osteosarcoma in vitro studies. J Bone Oncol 2017; 7:29-31. [PMID: 28443232 PMCID: PMC5403790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumour, for which no improvement in survival rate has been made since the nineteen seventies. We set out to systemically identify the in vitro studies performed in the past two decades describing potential future therapies. Strikingly, we obtained a total of 5282 PubMed hits on this subject. The amount of publications has increased almost exponentially over the past few years. Studies from Chinese institutes are mainly responsible for this huge increase, accounting for 53% of the publications in 2015. Approximately 1/3 of all drugs described in the past three years could be classified as traditional medicine. Furthermore, it struck our attention that even though in such studies multiple cell lines are essential to represent the heterogeneity in patients, many studies were performed with only one or two cell lines, i.e. U-2 OS or MG-63. These cells are fast growing, facilitating rapid experimental application but also boosting drug responsiveness. This probably explains why so many in vitro studies have been published for this relatively rare disease. Furthermore, it illustrates the current publication pressure, especially in China.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thed N van Leeuwen
- Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Tian DD, Zhang RX, Wu N, Yuan W, Luo SH, Chen HQ, Liu Y, Wang Y, He BC, Deng ZL. Tetrandrine inhibits the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells by upregulating the PTEN pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:2795-2802. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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35
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Wu QQ, Xiao Y, Jiang XH, Yuan Y, Yang Z, Chang W, Bian ZY, Tang QZ. Evodiamine attenuates TGF-β1-induced fibroblast activation and endothelial to mesenchymal transition. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 430:81-90. [PMID: 28303407 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2956-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of evodiamine on fibroblast activation in cardiac fibroblasts and endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts were stimulated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) to induce fibroblast activation. After co-cultured with evodiamine (5, 10 μM), the proliferation and pro-fibrotic proteins expression of cardiac fibroblasts were evaluated. HUVECs were also stimulated with TGF-β1 to induce EndMT and treated with evodiamine (5, 10 μM) at the same time. The EndMT response in the HUVECs was evaluated as well as the capacity of the transitioned endothelial cells migrating to surrounding tissue. As a result, Evodiamine-blunted TGF-β1 induced activation of cardiac fibroblast into myofibroblast as assessed by the decreased expressions of α-SMA. Furthermore, evodiamine reduced the increased protein expression of fibrosis markers in neonatal and adult rat cardiac fibroblasts induced by TGF-β1. HUVECs stimulated with TGF-β1 exhibited lower expression levels of CD31, CD34, and higher levels of α-SMA, vimentin than the control cells. This phenotype was eliminated in the HUVECs treated with both 5 and 10 μM evodiamine. Evodiamine significantly reduced the increase in migration ability that occurred in response to TGF-β1 in HUVECs. In addition, the activation of Smad2, Smad3, ERK1/2, and Akt, and the nuclear translocation of Smad4 in both cardiac fibroblasts and HUVEC were blocked by evodiamine treatment. Thus, evodiamine could prevent cardiac fibroblasts from activation into myofibroblast and protect HUVEC against EndMT. These effects may be mediated by inhibition of the TGFβ pathway in both cardiac fibroblasts and HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Qing Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Han Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou-Yan Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Zhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, 430060, People's Republic of China.
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Wu N, Li R, Meng Z, Nie M, Chen Q, He B, Deng Z, Yin L. All-trans retinoic acid restored the osteogenic ability of BMP9 in osteosarcoma through the p38 MAPK pathway. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1363-1371. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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37
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TGF-β1 promotes scar fibroblasts proliferation and transdifferentiation via up-regulating MicroRNA-21. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32231. [PMID: 27554193 PMCID: PMC4995376 DOI: 10.1038/srep32231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β1, upregulated in keloid tissue, promotes the proliferation, collagen formation and differentiation of dermal fibroblasts. miR-21 is one of microRNAs first found in human genome. The aim of our study is to explore the mechanisms of miR-21 in TGF-β1-induced scar fibroblasts proliferation and transdifferentiation. In the present study, first we found that TGF-β1 promoted scar fibroblasts proliferation and transdifferentiation via up-regulating miR-21 expression, which could be attenuated when miR-21 was inhibited. Overexpression of miR-21 had similar effect as TGF-β1 on proliferation and transdifferentiation. Additionally, TGF-β1 increased the expressions and activities of MMP2 and MMP9 in keloid fibroblasts, which was suppressed by miR-21 inhibition. Finally, the results demonstrated that PTEN/AKT signaling pathway played important role in TGF-β1-induced transdifferentiation. In conclusion, our study suggests that TGF-β1 promotes keloid fibroblasts proliferation and transdifferentiation via up-regulation of miR-21 and PTEN/AKT signalling pathway plays important role in this process, which provides a potential theoretical basis for clinical treatment of skin scars.
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38
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Tan Q, Zhang J. Evodiamine and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 929:315-328. [PMID: 27771931 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41342-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Evodiamine (EVO) is a major alkaloid compound extracted from the dry unripened fruit Evodiae fructus (Evodia rutaecarpa Benth., Rutaceae). EVO has a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-obesity, anti-allergenic, analgesic, anti-tumor, anti-ulcerogenic, and neuroprotective activities. EVO has varying efficacies in animal models and humans. Here, the physicochemical properties of EVO are presented, and the EVO's functions and mechanisms of action in various chronic diseases are reviewed. EVO is worth exploring in more depth in the future for its potential use in various chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunyou Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Jingqing Zhang
- Chongqing Research Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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