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Pàmies A, Llop D, Ibarretxe D, Rosales R, Masana L, Vallvé JC, Paredes S. Angiopoietin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor family, and heparin binding endothelial growth factor are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:1680-1688. [PMID: 38689721 PMCID: PMC11059138 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with RA are at a higher risk of developing CV diseases than the general population. The precise mechanisms are still unknown. We evaluated the associations between 8 plasma growth factors (GFs) (angiopoietin-2, EGF, HB-EGF, PLGF, TGF-α, VEGFa, VEGFc, and VEGFd) and subclinical arteriosclerosis in RA patients. Materials and methods A total of 199 patients with RA treated at the Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus (Spain) between 2011 and 2015 were included in this cross-sectional study. Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), carotid plaque presence (cPP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were measured. GFs were measured with Bio-Plex Pro Human Cancer Biomarker Panel 2 (Bio-Rad). Multivariate models and partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) were used for analysis (RStudio, version 4.0.1). Results Multivariate models showed that angiopoietin-2 was associated with cPP and PWV in the overall cohort (OR = 1.53 and β = 0.20, respectively). VEGFc (β = 0.29), VEGFa (β = 0.26) and HB-EGF (β = 0.22) were also associated with PWV. VEGFa (OR = 2.36), VEGFd (OR = 2.29), EGF (OR = 2.62), PLGF (OR = 2.54), and HB-EGF (OR = 2.24) were associated with cPP in men. According to PLS-DA, GFs were able to distinguish between patients with and without cPP in the overall cohort, male cohort, and female cohort. In women, angiopoietin-2 was associated with PWV (β = 0.18). Conclusions The selected GFs were closely related to atherosclerosis in patients with RA and are potential predictors of CV disease in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pàmies
- Secció de Reumatologia, Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Tortosa, Spain
| | - Dídac Llop
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daiana Ibarretxe
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Roser Rosales
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Masana
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan-Carles Vallvé
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Paredes
- Unitat Medicina Vascular i Metabolisme, Unitat de Recerca en Lípids i Arteriosclerosi, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
- Secció de Reumatologia, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
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2
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Li K, Wang Y, Huang P. Association of Four VEGFA Gene Variants with Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk: A Meta-analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-024-10834-1. [PMID: 38814384 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-024-10834-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The association between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk and specific variants of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) gene remains contentious. This study sought to elucidate the correlations between RA risk and several VEGFA gene variants, including VEGFA-634 (rs2010963), VEGFA-C936 (rs3025039), VEGFA-2578 (rs699947), VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360), through a comprehensive meta-analysis. We systematically reviewed literature from the Cochrane Library database, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wanfang Data Information Service platform to gather relevant case-control studies. Using odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), we analyzed the data to assess potential correlations. Sensitivity analysis and the Egger's test were employed to ensure the results stability and to evaluate potential publication bias. Additionally, trial sequential analysis (TSA) was conducted to validate the findings. Our meta-analysis incorporated ten studies involving 2817 patients and 2855 controls. Results indicated that the AA genotype of VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360) is associated with a reduced risk of RA in the overall population (AG + GG vs AA: P = 0.032 OR = 1.932 95% CI 1.059-3.523). However, no significant association is found for VEGFA-634 (rs2010963), VEGFA-C936 (rs3025039), and VEGFA-2578 (rs699947) variants with RA risk. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association between the VEGF rs3025039(C936) variant and RA risk in the PCR-RFLP group under the TC vs. CC model. TSA confirmed the sufficiency of the sample size for robust conclusions. These findings suggest that the G allele of VEGFA-1154 (rs1570360) may increase RA risk, whereas the A allele appears to confer a protective effect. This study enhances our understanding of the genetic predispositions to RA and underscores the potential role of VEGFA gene variants in its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yilu Wang
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, No. 461, Bayi Avenue, Donghu District, Nanchang, 330006, China.
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Lee YE, Lee SH, Kim WU. Cytokines, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors, and PlGF in Autoimmunity: Insights From Rheumatoid Arthritis to Multiple Sclerosis. Immune Netw 2024; 24:e10. [PMID: 38455464 PMCID: PMC10917575 DOI: 10.4110/in.2024.24.e10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In this review, we will explore the intricate roles of cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factors in autoimmune diseases (ADs), with a particular focus on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and multiple sclerosis (MS). AD is characterized by self-destructive immune responses due to auto-reactive T lymphocytes and Abs. Among various types of ADs, RA and MS possess inflammation as a central role but in different sites of the patients. Other common aspects among these two ADs are their chronicity and relapsing-remitting symptoms requiring continuous management. First factor inducing these ADs are cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17, which play significant roles in the pathogenesis by contributing to inflammation, immune cell activation, and tissue damage. Secondly, vascular endothelial growth factors, including VEGF and angiopoietins, are crucial in promoting angiogenesis and inflammation in these two ADs. Finally, placental growth factor (PlGF), an emerging factor with bi-directional roles in angiogenesis and T cell differentiation, as we introduce as an "angio-lymphokine" is another key factor in ADs. Thus, while angiogenesis recruits more inflammatory cells into the peripheral sites, cytokines secreted by effector cells play critical roles in the pathogenesis of ADs. Various therapeutic interventions targeting these soluble molecules have shown promise in managing autoimmune pathogenic conditions. However, delicate interplay between cytokines, angiogenic factors, and PlGF has more to be studied when considering their complementary role in actual pathogenic conditions. Understanding the complex interactions among these factors provides valuable insights for the development of innovative therapies for RA and MS, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young eun Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyo Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering (GSMSE), Biomedical Research Center, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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4
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Lekpor CE, Botchway F, Kusi KA, Adjei AA, Wilson MD, Stiles JK, Wilson NO. Angiogenic and angiostatic factors present in the saliva of malaria patients. Malar J 2022; 21:220. [PMID: 35836234 PMCID: PMC9284857 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria related mortality is associated with significant deregulation of host inflammatory factors such as interferon-inducible protein 10, a member of the CXC or α-subfamily (CXCL10), and host angiogenic factors such as angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2). However, detection of these factors in malaria patients requires the drawing of blood, which is invasive and increases the risk of accidental blood-borne infections. There has been an increased interest in the use of saliva as the body fluid of choice for the diagnosis of many infectious diseases including malaria. Here, saliva levels of CXCL10, Ang-1, and Ang-2 previously shown to be predictive of severe malaria in malaria patients in Ghana were assessed in malaria patients. Methods This study was conducted in the Shai-Osudoku District Hospital in Dodowa, Accra, Ghana and the study population comprised 119 malaria patients and 94 non-malaria subjects. The non-malaria subjects are healthy community participants with no malaria infection. Plasma and saliva levels of CXCL10, Ang-1 and Ang-2 of the study participants were measured using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Complete blood counts of each participant were measured with a haematology autoanalyzer. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between plasma and saliva levels of each biomarker in malaria patients. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. Box plots of median biomarker concentrations were plotted. SPSS version 14.2 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The non-malaria subjects had a median age of 29 years compared to 23 years for malaria patients (p = 0.001). Among the malaria patients, there was a strong significant relationship between CXCL10 (R2 = 0.7, p < 0.0001) and Ang-1 (R2 = 0.7, p < 0.0001). Malaria patients had lower saliva levels of Ang-1 (p = 0.009) and higher saliva levels of CXCL10 (p = 0.004) and Ang-2 (p = 0.001) compared to non-malaria subjects. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence of elevated levels of CXCL10 and Ang-2 in the saliva of malaria patients. Detection of CXCL10, Ang-1 and Ang-2 in saliva may have a potential application for non-invasive malaria diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Elorm Lekpor
- Department of Pathology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Felix Botchway
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Asamoah Kusi
- Department of Immunology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.,Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Andrew A Adjei
- Department of Pathology, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael D Wilson
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Jonathan K Stiles
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nana O Wilson
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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VEGF Profile in Early Undifferentiated Arthritis Cohort. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58060833. [PMID: 35744097 PMCID: PMC9230586 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Early undifferentiated arthritis (UA) is a group of inflammatory joint diseases that are not classified under any specific rheumatic or connective tissue disorder and might evolve into chronic inflammatory arthritis or may be a self-limiting condition. Early recognition and treatment are crucial for the future course of the disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic regulator that induces the growth of new capillary blood vessels, which are important in joint invasion and destruction during the progression of chronic inflammatory arthritis. The aim of this study was to assess VEGF levels associated with sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound findings in the early UA patient cohort as well as to evaluate VEGF as a potential prognostic marker for arthritis outcomes. Materials and Methods: Seventy-six patients with inflammatory arthritis in at least one joint, with a duration of arthritis <12 months at the study entry that did not meet any rheumatic disease classification criteria, were enrolled after informed consent was obtained. Patient’s sociodemographic, laboratory data, and clinical disease characteristics were recorded, VEGF levels were measured, and ultrasound (US) of tender and swollen joints was performed. Results: VEGF levels had positive correlation with conventional rheumatic disease activity and diagnostic markers: erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C−reactive protein (CRP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) (p < 0.05). RF-positive patients had higher VEGF values (p = 0.024). A statistically higher number of patients whose VEGF levels were below the median value presented with active infection (p = 0.046). In patients with a higher number of swollen joints, and a higher score of synovitis and power doppler (PD) seen on US, VEGF levels were statistically significantly higher. Patients who after 12-month follow-up developed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) had statistically higher VEGF levels at baseline compared with those who developed spondyloarthropathies (p = 0.028). Conclusions: This study demonstrated that VEGF levels significantly represented inflammatory processes that were present in the joints (number of swollen joints, synovitis, and PD changes) of the early UA cohort.
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6
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Roodenrijs NMT, Kedves M, Hamar A, Nagy G, van Laar JM, van der Heijde D, Welsing PMJ. Diagnostic issues in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open 2021; 7:rmdopen-2020-001511. [PMID: 33514671 PMCID: PMC7849901 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To summarise the evidence on diagnostic issues in difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA) informing the EULAR recommendations for the management of D2T RA. Methods A systematic literature review (SLR) was performed regarding the optimal confirmation of a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and of mimicking diseases and the assessment of inflammatory disease activity. PubMed and Embase databases were searched up to December 2019. Relevant papers were selected and appraised. Results Eighty-two papers were selected for detailed assessment. The identified evidence had several limitations: (1) no studies were found including D2T RA patients specifically, and only the minority of studies included RA patients in whom there was explicit doubt about the diagnosis of RA or presence of inflammatory activity; (2) mostly only correlations were reported, not directly useful to evaluate the accuracy of detecting inflammatory activity in clinical practice; (3) heterogeneous, and often suboptimal, reference standards were used and (4) (thus) only very few studies had a low risk of bias. To ascertain a diagnosis of RA or relevant mimicking disease, no diagnostic test with sufficient validity and accuracy was identified. To ascertain inflammatory activity in patients with RA in general and in those with obesity and fibromyalgia, ultrasonography (US) was studied most extensively and was found to be the most promising diagnostic test. Conclusions This SLR highlights the scarcity of high-quality studies regarding diagnostic issues in D2T RA. No diagnostic tests with sufficient validity and accuracy were found to confirm nor exclude the diagnosis of RA nor its mimicking diseases in D2T RA patients. Despite the lack of high-quality direct evidence, US may have an additional value to assess the presence of inflammatory activity in D2T RA patients, including those with concomitant obesity or fibromyalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M T Roodenrijs
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Melinda Kedves
- Rheumatology, Bacs-Kiskun Megyei Korhaz, Kecskemet, Hungary
| | - Attila Hamar
- Rheumatology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Nagy
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Genetics, Cell and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Jacob M van Laar
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paco M J Welsing
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Liu Y, Fu H, Zuo L. Anti-inflammatory activities of a new VEGF blocker, Conbercept. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2021; 43:594-598. [PMID: 34402367 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2021.1959608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiogenesis and inflammation exhibit a mutually reinforcing relationship in many human diseases. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important proangiogenic mediators. Conbercept is a novel VEGF inhibitor. METHOD Type II collagen-induced rat rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) model was established to evaluate the anti-chronic inflammation activities of Conbercept. ELISA was used to measure the concentrations of immune factors in the blood of arthritis rats. The xylene-induced ear edema was conducted to evaluate the effect of Conbercept on acute inflammation. RESULT AND DISCUSSION Our results showed that Conbercept significantly reduced the paw edema volume and the arthritis index in CIA rats. Furthermore, we found that Conbercept decreased the serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in CIA rats. Xylene-induced ear edema is a widely used method to study acute inflammation. Conbercept significantly inhibited xylene-induced ear edema. CONCLUSION All results indicate that Conbercept exhibits significant inhibition of acute and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hua Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Angiogenic cytokines can reflect the synovitis severity and treatment response to biologics in rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:843-853. [PMID: 32461558 PMCID: PMC7272442 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0443-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and synoviocyte hyperplasia, called 'pannus,' are pathologic hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To determine the clinical significance of angiogenic cytokines in RA, the levels of pro-angiogenic cytokines, including VEGF, placenta growth factor (PlGF), and IL-6, were measured in the synovial fluid (SF, n = 54) and sera of RA patients (n = 157) using ELISA. Patients (n = 103) with disease activity score 28 (DAS28) > 3.2, which indicates moderate to high RA activity, underwent follow-up blood sampling at 6 months after treatment with conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (c-DMARD) or biologic DMARD (b-DMARD) including an anti-TNFα antibody, an anti-IL-6 antibody, and abatacept. Ultrasonography (US) was performed on affected joints to define the synovitis severity at the time of sampling. Consequently, in the SF of RA patients, PlGF and IL-6 levels correlated well with synovitis severity determined by US. In RA sera, VEGF and IL-6 levels were elevated in proportion to synovitis severity, correlating with conventional markers for disease activity, including ESR, CRP, and DAS28. In c-DMARD users (n = 53), serially monitored levels of serum VEGF, IL-6, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP) all decreased in good and moderate responders but not in nonresponders. In b-DMARD users (n = 49), only serum VEGF well represented the treatment response, while CRP nonspecifically decreased irrespective of the treatment outcome. By multivariable analysis, serum ΔVEGF, but not ΔESR or ΔCRP, was an independent factor associated with good and moderate responses to DMARD. In summary, the angiogenic cytokines PlGF and VEGF represent the synovitis severity of RA assessed by US. In patients receiving b-DMARD, serum VEGF may be more valuable than CRP in reflecting the treatment response.
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Wu Q, Xu WD, Huang AF. Role of angiopoietin-2 in inflammatory autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106223. [PMID: 31991374 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is defined as the growth of new capillaries sprouting from pre-existing vasculature. Pathological angiogenesis signals can lead to dysregulated development of new vessels. Inflammation is accompanied by pathological angiogenesis. During an inflammatory process, newly formed blood vessels provide oxygen and nutrients to the inflamed tissue, facilitating the transport of inflammatory cells. Therefore, angiogenesis is closely related to pathogenesis of inflammatory autoimmune diseases. As a member of the angiopoietin family, Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) plays an irreplaceable role in angiogenesis. This review will narrate the expression of Ang-2 and its role in inflammatory autoimmune diseases. Collecting this information may improve the acquaintance of Ang-2 and provide a theoretical foundation for clinical trials and drug development in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Angiopoietin-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Angiopoietin-2/genetics
- Angiopoietin-2/metabolism
- Animals
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/genetics
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Development
- Endothelial Cells/immunology
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/cytology
- Endothelium, Vascular/immunology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/pathology
- Humans
- Macrophages/immunology
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Monocytes/immunology
- Monocytes/metabolism
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/drug therapy
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/genetics
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/immunology
- Neovascularization, Pathologic/pathology
- Receptor, TIE-2/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, China.
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, China.
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A fresh look at angiogenesis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:325-330. [PMID: 30863199 PMCID: PMC6410962 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.80052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the complex process of creating new capillaries from preexisting blood vessels due to hypoxemia, injury or inflammation of the tissues. Numerous cytokines and cell mediators have been identified to induce and stimulate angiogenesis, but vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator. The role of proangiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of chronic arthritis is currently a subject of intensive investigations in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and, to a limited extent, in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Recent studies has shown a significant correlation between proangiogenic marker concentrations and the severity of inflammation in either RA or JIA patients. The serum neovascularization markers correlate with the power Doppler ultrasound image of the inflamed joint and hypertrophic synovium, which may be connected with the disease activity. The aim of this paper is to describe the state of the art on the important role of angiogenesis in adult and childhood rheumatoid arthritis.
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Leblond A, Pezet S, Trouvin AP, Elhai M, Gonzalez V, Allanore Y, Avouac J. Linking systemic angiogenic markers to synovial vascularization in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203607. [PMID: 30188942 PMCID: PMC6126858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neoangiogenesis is a crucial event to promote the development of the hyperplasic proliferative pathologic synovium in Rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Ultrasound (US) is sensitive for detection of power Doppler (PD) vascularization. Objective To explore the associations between a set of complementary circulating angiogenic markers and a comprehensive US assessment in patients with RA. Patients and methods Serum levels of eight angiogenic markers were measured by quantitative ELISAs in a total of 125 patients with RA, who were all systematically assessed in parallel by PDUS, performed on 32 joints. Results Serum levels of soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and Tie-2 were more likely to be increased in patients with synovial hyperemia detected on at least one joint (Power Doppler grade ≥1). sVCAM-1, Tie-2 and Angiostatin concentrations gradually increased together with the grade of the semiquantitative PDUS scale and concentrations of these three markers were markedly increased in patients with moderate to marked hyperemia (Power Doppler grade 2 and 3). Levels of sVCAM-1, Tie-2, and Angiostatin correlated with a global arthritis sum score, defined by the sum of the semiquantitative PDUS scores for all joints examined. Levels of Tie-2 and Placenta Growth Factor (PlGF) were associated with PDUS features indicating residual disease activity. Conclusion Our results support the relevance of measuring serum levels of vascular markers to evaluate the intensity and extent of synovial vascularization. Angiogenic markers, and particularly Tie-2, could be a valuable surrogate of active synovitis and their place in relation to PDUS in clinical practice deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Leblond
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Sonia Pezet
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Anne Priscille Trouvin
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Muriel Elhai
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Virginie Gonzalez
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Yannick Allanore
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Avouac
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1016 and CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Service de Rhumatologie A, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Liu LN, Li XM, Ye DQ, Pan HF. Emerging role of semaphorin-3A in autoimmune diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 26:655-665. [PMID: 29696565 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0484-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) are featured by the body's immune responses being directed against its own tissues, resulting in prolonged inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. Currently, the exact pathogenesis of ADs remains not fully elucidated. Semaphorin-3A (Sema3A), a secreted member of semaphorin family, is a potent immunoregulator during all immune response stages. Sema3A has wide expression, such as in bone, connective tissue, kidney, neurons, and cartilage. Sema3A can downregulate ADs by suppressing the over-activity of both T-cell and B-cell autoimmunity. Moreover, Sema3A shows the ability to enhance T-cell and B-cell regulatory properties that control ADs, including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and systemic sclerosis. However, it can also induce ADs when overexpressed. Together, these data strongly suggest that Sema3A plays a pivotal role in ADs, and it may be a promising treatment target for these diseases. In the present review, we focus on the immunological functions of Sema3A and summarize recent studies on the involvement of Sema3A in the pathogenesis of ADs; the discoveries obtained from recent findings may translate into novel therapeutic agent for ADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dong-Qing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hai-Feng Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Schuldt EA, Lieb W, Dörr M, Lerch MM, Völzke H, Nauck M, Friedrich N. Circulating angiopoietin-2 and its soluble receptor Tie-2 concentrations are related to inflammatory markers in the general population. Cytokine 2018; 105:1-7. [PMID: 29427772 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Angiopoietin/Tie (Tyrosine kinase with Ig and EGF homology domains) signaling axis has crucial influences on angiogenesis and the vasculature's reorganization. Moreover, angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) is discussed as a biomarker for diseases' severity and development. Previous studies reported increased Ang2 levels in patients with inflammatory diseases and associations of Ang2 with inflammation markers in relatively small samples. We aimed to assess the relation of Ang2 and Tie2 with inflammation markers in the general population. METHODS AND RESULTS Data of 6624 participants of the population-based Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP-1) and the independent SHIP-Trend were used. Ang2, Tie2 and inflammatory biomarkers, including fibrinogen, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and white blood cell count (WBC), were measured. Adjusted analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear/logistic regression models were performed in the entire sample and in individuals free of hypertension and diabetes. ANOVA [adjusted means of the 1st vs. 4th Ang2 quartile: fibrinogen 3.0 vs. 3.2 g/l; hsCRP 1.2 vs. 1.6 mg/l; WBC 5.9 vs. 6.6 Gpt/l] and regression models adjusted for potential confounders revealed positive relations of Ang2 with all considered inflammation markers. These associations persisted after the exclusion of individuals with hypertension and diabetes. In contrast, Tie2 showed no clear association pattern with the investigated inflammatory markers even if a trend toward a positive relation with fibrinogen became apparent. CONCLUSION Ang2 was positively associated with fibrinogen, hsCRP and WBC in a large population-based setting. These findings partly agree with previous results, largely obtained in clinical samples. Ang2 has diverse postulated effects on inflammation processes, like increase of vascular leakage or influences on the adhesion of leukocytes to the vessel wall. The proinflammatory character of these effects is similar to these of fibrinogen which conforms to our findings of relations between the markers. However, further research is needed to elucidate possible functional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth A Schuldt
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Markus M Lerch
- Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany; Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Germany.
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Paradowska-Gorycka A, Stypinska B, Pawlik A, Haladyj E, Romanowska-Próchnicka K, Olesinska M. HIF-1A gene polymorphisms and its protein level in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a case–control study. Inflamm Res 2018; 67:423-433. [DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1134-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Involvement of synovial matrix degradation and angiogenesis in oxidative stress-exposed degenerative rotator cuff tears with osteoarthritis. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2018; 27:141-150. [PMID: 28967470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder osteoarthritis is a gradual wearing of the articular cartilage concomitant with degenerative rotator cuff tears (RCTs). This pathologic disorder is related to inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis. Degenerative alterations may prompt production of cytokines and angiogenesis-related proteins, evoking rotator cuff diseases. This study tested the hypothesis that oxidative stress-responsive mediators can influence joint inflammation of patients with RCT. METHODS Twelve healthy RCT patients not suffering shoulder osteoarthritis were categorized as the control group, and 24 patients were allocated to 2 RCT groups (RCTP1 and RCTP2), according to severity of RCT and glenohumeral arthritis. Cytokines, growth factors, and angiogenic biomarkers in synovial fluids, blood, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), and tendon tissues were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblotting, and collagen zymography. RESULTS Induction of interleukin 8, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 1β was considerably elevated in synovial fluids of RCTP groups (P = .0398, P = .0428, P = .0828, respectively). The joint inflammation highly enhanced insulin-like growth factor 1 and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the synovial fluids and serum. Angiogenesis-related angiopoietin (Ang) 1 and 2, Tie-2, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α were upregulated in reactive oxygen species-exposed RCTP synovium (P < .05). The production of matrix metalloproteinase 1 markedly increased in synovial fluids of the RCTP group (P = .043), whereas tissue collagen type I expression diminished with reduction of connective tissue growth factor expression (P = .032). Although the secretion of platelet-derived growth factor AB and vascular endothelial growth factor was marginal in the circulation (P = .714, P = .335), platelet-derived growth factor AB, TGF-β1, Ang-1, and matrix metalloproteinase 1 were enriched in PRP of the RCTP group (P < .001, P = .002, P = .0389, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Synovial matrix degradation and oxidative stress-triggered angiogenesis may be involved in inducing RCT with joint inflammation. TGF-β1, Ang-1, and Ang-2 are the major components to repair RCT and to alleviate joint inflammation in PRP therapy.
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Matkar PN, Ariyagunarajah R, Leong-Poi H, Singh KK. Friends Turned Foes: Angiogenic Growth Factors beyond Angiogenesis. Biomolecules 2017; 7:biom7040074. [PMID: 28974056 PMCID: PMC5745456 DOI: 10.3390/biom7040074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing ones is a biological process that ensures an adequate blood flow is maintained to provide the cells with a sufficient supply of nutrients and oxygen within the body. Numerous soluble growth factors and inhibitors, cytokines, proteases as well as extracellular matrix proteins and adhesion molecules stringently regulate the multi-factorial process of angiogenesis. The properties and interactions of key angiogenic molecules such as vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs), fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and angiopoietins have been investigated in great detail with respect to their molecular impact on angiogenesis. Since the discovery of angiogenic growth factors, much research has been focused on their biological actions and their potential use as therapeutic targets for angiogenic or anti-angiogenic strategies in a context-dependent manner depending on the pathologies. It is generally accepted that these factors play an indispensable role in angiogenesis. However, it is becoming increasingly evident that this is not their only role and it is likely that the angiogenic factors have important functions in a wider range of biological and pathological processes. The additional roles played by these molecules in numerous pathologies and biological processes beyond angiogenesis are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratiek N Matkar
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | | | - Howard Leong-Poi
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
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Alqudah M, Qandeel H, Al-Zoubi N, Alqudah A, Bani-Ahmad M, Alzoubi A. Changes of serum growth factors profiles in patients with venous thromboembolism. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2017; 77:595-600. [DOI: 10.1080/00365513.2017.1379607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alqudah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Haitham Qandeel
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nabil Al-Zoubi
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad Bani-Ahmad
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdallah Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Nordal HH, Brokstad KA, Solheim M, Halse AK, Kvien TK, Hammer HB. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) has the strongest association with ultrasound-detected synovitis and predicts response to biologic treatment: results from a longitudinal study of patients with established rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:3. [PMID: 28081709 PMCID: PMC5234113 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1201-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calprotectin (S100A8/A9 or MRP8/14) and S100A12 (leukocyte-derived proteins), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are markers of inflammation and angiogenesis. Ultrasound (US) is sensitive for detection of greyscale synovitis and power Doppler (PD) vascularization. The objective of the present study was to explore the associations between calprotectin, S100A12, IL-6, VEGF, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein and a comprehensive US assessment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) starting biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (bDMARD) treatment. METHODS A total of 141 patients with RA were assessed by US, clinical examination and biomarker levels at baseline and at 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months after initiation of bDMARDs. US assessment of 36 joints and 4 tendon sheaths were scored semi-quantitatively (0-3 scale). European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response was calculated. Statistical assessments performed to explore the associations between biomarkers and US sum scores included Spearman's rank correlation analysis as well as linear and linear mixed model regression analyses. RESULTS Calprotectin showed the overall strongest correlations with both US sum scores (r s = 0.25-0.62) and swollen joint counts (of 32) (r s = 0.24-0.47) (p < 0.05 at all examinations). An association with US sum scores remained after we adjusted for age, sex, disease duration and all the other markers in a regression analysis at baseline. Decreased calprotectin at the first month was predictive of both EULAR response (p ≤ 0.001) and decreased sum PD scores at 3, 6 and 12 months (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Calprotectin had the highest association with US synovitis and predicted treatment response. It may thus be considered as a marker for evaluating inflammation and responsiveness in patients with RA on bDMARD treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) identifier: ACTRN12610000284066 . Registered on 8 April 2010 (retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Haugedal Nordal
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, The Laboratory Building, 5th floor, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5021, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Karl Albert Brokstad
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Haukeland University Hospital, The Laboratory Building, 5th floor, Jonas Lies vei 87, N-5021, Bergen, Norway
| | - Magne Solheim
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne-Kristine Halse
- Department of Rheumatology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tore K Kvien
- Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by adaptive immune responses against self-antigens, including humoral responses resulting in the production of autoantibodies. Autoantibodies generate inflammation by activating complement and engaging Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). The inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB plays a central role in regulating the generation of autoantibodies and their effector functions, which include activation of innate immune cells and the cellular arm of the adaptive immune system, via effects on antigen presentation to CD4 T cells. Polymorphisms in FcγRIIB have been associated with susceptibility to autoimmunity but protection against infections in humans and mice. In the last few years, new mechanisms by which FcγRIIB controls the adaptive immune response have been described. Notably, FcγRIIB has been shown to regulate germinal center B cells and dendritic cell migration, with potential impact on the development of autoimmune diseases. Recent work has also highlighted the implication of FcγRIIB on the regulation of the innate immune system, via inhibition of Toll-like receptor- and complement receptor-mediated activation. This review will provide an update on the role of FcγRIIB in adaptive immune responses in autoimmunity, and then focus on their emerging function in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Espéli
- Inserm UMR_S996, LabEx LERMIT, Université Paris-Sud, Paris, France
| | - Kenneth G C Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
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Chen X, Wang Q, Zhan L, Shu A. Effects and mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid on the generation of angiopoietin-2 by rat brain microvascular endothelial cells under an oxygen- and glucose-deprivation environment. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1518. [PMID: 27652091 PMCID: PMC5017979 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the generation of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) by rat brain microvascular endothelial cells under an oxygen- and glucose-deprivation environment (OGD), and its relationship, if any, with cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) expression. Methods Annexin V and propidium iodide apoptosis assay was used to detect apoptosis. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect Ang-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) content. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect Ang-2 and VEGF mRNA expression. Western blot was used to detect expression of COX-2 protein. Results DHA reduced the apoptosis rate (P = 0.026) and decreased the secretion of Ang-2, VEGF, PGE2, and PGI2 (P = 0.006, P = 0.000, P = 0.002, P = 0.004 respectively). The relative expression of Ang2 and Vegf mRNA, as well as COX-2 expression, also decreased (P = 0.000, P = 0.005, P = 0.007 respectively). These effects were antagonized by GW9662 (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ antagonist). COX-2 protein expression levels were positively correlated with Ang2 and Vegf mRNA expression levels (γ = 0.69, P = 0.038 and γ = 0.76, P = 0.032, respectively). Ang-2 and VEGF mRNA levels were positively correlated with Ang-2 (γ = 0.84, P = 0.012) and VEGF (γ = 0.71, P = 0.036) secretion levels respectively. Conclusion DHA reduced apoptosis induced by an OGD environment, thus decreasing Ang-2 and VEGF synthesis. This phenomenon was associated with a decrease in COX-2 protein expression, PGE2 and PGI2 secretion, and generation regulation via intracellular transcriptional pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Three Gorges University People's Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang, 443000 Hubei China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Three Gorges University People's Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang, 443000 Hubei China
| | - Leyun Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Three Gorges University People's Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang, 443000 Hubei China
| | - Aihua Shu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Three Gorges University People's Hospital, The First People's Hospital of Yichang, No. 2 Jiefang Road, Yichang, 443000 Hubei China
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Ito H, Noda K, Yoshida K, Otani K, Yoshiga M, Oto Y, Saito S, Kurosaka D. Prokineticin 2 antagonist, PKRA7 suppresses arthritis in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:387. [PMID: 27609223 PMCID: PMC5016855 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1243-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prokineticin 2 (PK2) expression is upregulated in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), an animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of our study was to investigate the effects of PK2 inhibition on CIA. METHODS PK2, prokineticin receptor (PKR) 1, and PKR2 mRNA transcripts in the joints of CIA mice were measured by real-time PCR on Days 21, 28, and 35 (n = 15/day). Localization of PKR1 and PKR2 proteins was examined immunohistochemically. PKRA7, a PK2 antagonist, was administered intraperitoneally for 2 weeks to CIA mice, and the severity of arthritis was compared between treated (n = 12) and untreated (n = 12) mice. The gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and VEGF were also measured by real-time PCR and compared between treated (n = 6) and untreated (n = 6) CIA mice. The data was statistically analyzed, and P values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS In the thickened synovial membrane, PKR1 protein was expressed in infiltrating neutrophils, while PKR2 expression was found in macrophage-like mononuclear cells. PK2 gene expression was significantly more pronounced on Days 28 and 35 than on Day 21 (2.15 and 2.03 versus 1.00, P = 0.0311 and 0.0247; Dunn's multiple comparison). PKR2 gene expression levels were significantly higher on Days 28 and 35 compared to Day 21 (25.4 and 39.3 versus 1.0, P = 0.002 and < 0.0001; Dunn's multiple comparison). Administration of PKRA7 suppressed the severity of arthritis (P < 0.001; two-way analysis of variance). A gene expression analysis of inflammatory cytokines revealed significantly reduced IL-1β and lL-6 expression in the joints of PKRA7-treated mice compared to untreated mice (0.1 versus 1.0, P = 0.0043 and 0.04 versus 1.0, P = 0.0022, respectively; Mann-Whitney test). CONCLUSIONS PK2 inhibition suppressed arthritis in mice with CIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruyasu Ito
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Noda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshida
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Otani
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yoshiga
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Oto
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saburo Saito
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Research Center for Medical Sciences, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daitaro Kurosaka
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishi-shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Paradowska-Gorycka A, Pawlik A, Romanowska-Prochnicka K, Haladyj E, Malinowski D, Stypinska B, Manczak M, Olesinska M. Relationship between VEGF Gene Polymorphisms and Serum VEGF Protein Levels in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160769. [PMID: 27513931 PMCID: PMC4981324 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the chronic autoimmune diseases, with genetic and environmental predisposition, and synovial angiogenesis is considered to be a notable stage in its pathogenesis. Angiogenesis or vascular proliferation has been suggested to be a pivotal mechanism involved in both inflammation/immune activation and joint invasion and destruction. RA may be considered an "angiogenic disease" because it is associated with active tissue neovascularization. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes vascular permeability, regulates angiogenesis, endothelial cell proliferation and migration, chemotaxis, and capillary hyper permeability and therefore is involved in the development of inflammation. VEGF is the most potent proangiogenic molecule promoting the angiogenic phenotype of RA and is upregulated in RA. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to identify functional VEGF variants and their possible association with VEGF expression, susceptibility to and severity of RA. METHODS 581 RA patients and of 341 healthy individuals were examined for -1154 A/G, -2578 A/C VEGF gene polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP method and for -634 G/C VEGF gene polymorphisms by TaqMan SNP genotyping assay. Serum VEGF levels in RA patients and controls were measured by ELISA. RESULTS The -1154 A/G VEGF gene polymorphism under the codominant, recessive (AA+AG vs. GG) and dominant (AA vs. AG+GG) models were associated with RA (p = 0.0009; p = 0.004; p = 0.017, respectively). VEGF -2578 A/C revealed differences in the case-control distribution in codominant, recessive, dominant and overdominant models (all p<0.0001). Furthermore, the -634 G/C VEGF gene SNP was not correlated with susceptibility to RA in Polish population. The genotype-phenotype analysis showed significant association between the VEGF -1154 A/G and -634 G/C and mean value of the hemoglobin (all p = 0.05), additionally they relevated that the number of women with the polymorphic allele -2578 C was lower than the number of women with wild type allele -2578A (p = 0.006). Serum VEGF levels were significantly higher in RA patients than in control groups (both p = 0,0001). CONCLUSION Present findings indicated that VEGF genetic polymorphism as well as VEGF protein levels may be associated with the susceptibility to RA in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Haladyj
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Pathophysiology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Stypinska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Manczak
- Department of Gerontology and Public Health, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marzena Olesinska
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
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Ando M, Miyazaki E, Abe T, Ehara C, Goto A, Masuda T, Nishio S, Fujisaki H, Yamasue M, Ishii T, Mukai Y, Ito T, Nureki SI, Kumamoto T, Kadota J. Angiopoietin-2 expression in patients with an acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias. Respir Med 2016; 117:27-32. [PMID: 27492510 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that increased pulmonary vascular permeability may play a role in the pathogenesis of an acute exacerbation of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (AE-IIPs). Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) promotes endothelial activation, destabilization, and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Ang-2 expression was associated with the pathogenesis of AE-IIPs. METHODS Twenty-three patients with AE-IIP patients, 18 acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) patients, 37 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, and 33 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled. The serum level of Ang-2 was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The serum levels of Ang-2 were higher in AE-IIPs and ALI/ARDS patients than in IPF patients and HVs; the BALF levels of Ang-2 were also higher than in IPF patients. There was a positive correlation between the serum level of Ang-2 and the CRP in patients with AE-IIP patients, whereas a significant positive correlation was found between the serum Ang-2 level and the CRP or SOFA scores of the ALI/ARDS patients. Although the baseline Ang-2 level was not related to survival, the Ang-2 levels significantly declined in survivors during treatment, while they did not change in non-survivors. CONCLUSIONS Increased pulmonary vascular permeability and inflammation due to Ang-2 may play a role in the pathogenesis of AE-IIPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Ando
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan.
| | - Eishi Miyazaki
- Center for Community Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Abe
- Internal Medicine 3, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ehara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Akihiro Goto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Taiki Masuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Suehiro Nishio
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujisaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Mari Yamasue
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ishii
- Center for Community Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Yutaka Mukai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Takeo Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Shin-Ich Nureki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Toshihide Kumamoto
- Internal Medicine 3, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
| | - Junichi Kadota
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-shi, Oita, 879-5593, Japan
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Deng W, Feng X, Li X, Wang D, Sun L. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in autoimmune diseases. Cell Immunol 2016; 303:7-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Yi JP, Wu YZ, Yu N, Yu ZW, Xie FY, Yuan Q. VEGF Gene Polymorphisms Affect Serum Protein Levels and Alter Disease Activity and Synovial Lesions in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:316-24. [PMID: 26825024 PMCID: PMC4750902 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our study investigated 2 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for their influences on serum VEGF levels, disease activity, and synovial lesions in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Material/Methods Clinical information and venous blood samples were collected from 98 RA patients and 100 healthy controls. Genotyping on samples from the subjects was performed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Serum VEGF levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The synovial thickness and joint effusion of 28 joints were measured in RA patients, and total sharp score (TSS) and disease activity score (DAS) of 28 joints were recorded. Results The genotype and allele frequencies of VEGF rs833070 (G>A) and rs3025030 (G>C) were significantly different between RA group and control group (all P<0.05). VEGF rs833070 and rs3025030 polymorphisms were associated with increasing VEGF serum levels in the RA group (all P<0.01). Statistically significant difference was observed in DAS28 between the different genotypes of VEGF rs833070 in RA patients (P<0.05). Importantly, significant differences in synovial thickening, joint effusion and synovial angiogenesis were observed between the different genotypes of VEGF rs833070 and rs3025030 polymorphisms (all P<0.05). Conclusions Our study provides evidence that VEGF polymorphisms might be important indicators of disease activity and synovial lesions, and prognostic factors in evaluating the treatment effectiveness in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ping Yi
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Zhang Wu
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Yu
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Zhi-Wu Yu
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Fu-Yuan Xie
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
| | - Quan Yuan
- Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China (mainland)
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Kaklamanos M, Thomas D, Pikazis D, Kaltsas G. Thyroid-specific changes following treatment with biological therapies in patients with rheumatic diseases. Endocrine 2015; 50:146-53. [PMID: 25690756 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-015-0551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biological anti-rheumatic agents (BAA) may induce autoimmune phenomena. Evidence on thyroid-specific effects of these agents is relatively limited. We studied prospectively, over 3 years, 36 rheumatic patients treated with BAA (18 Infliximab and 18 Rituximab) and no prior exposure to biological therapies (group-1), with respect to their thyroid function, thyroid antibody titers, and thyroid ultrasonographic parameters, such as left inferior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (ITA PSV), left thyroid lobe vascularity index (TL VI), and echogenicity. Twenty-eight rheumatic patients treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and/or glucocorticoids (group-2), 21 rheumatic patients not receiving any treatment (group-3), and 49 healthy individuals (group-4) were used for comparison. Thyroid function and autoantibody titers were not significantly altered at any stage irrespectively of the administered BAA, previously unknown autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) status, and/or concomitant treatment with glucocorticoids. Left ITA PSV was significantly increased in group-1 patients (mean ± SD start: 25.5 ± 14.1 cm/s vs. end: 29.8 ± 11.1 cm/s, p = 0.038 and p < 0.001, respectively). Six group-1, 7 group-2, and 3 group-3 patients developed reduced thyroid echogenicity during follow-up (start: p = 0.003 and end: p < 0.001). Left ITA PSV, left TL VI, and echogenicity changes were not related to alterations in thyroid volume, thyrotropin hormone levels, and/or underlying AITD. Infliximab and Rituximab do not cause any alterations in thyroid function and/or autoimmunity, even in patients with previously undiagnosed AITD. Elevated left ITA PSV and reduced thyroid echogenicity may be early features signaling progression to AITD in patients treated with BAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michail Kaklamanos
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias St, 11527, Athens, Greece,
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Raynaud's phenomenon: new aspects of pathogenesis and the role of nailfold videocapillaroscopy. Reumatologia 2015; 53:87-93. [PMID: 27407233 PMCID: PMC4847279 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2015.51508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) refers to paroxysmal pallor or cyanosis of the digits of the hands or feet and, infrequently, the tips of the nose or ears (acral parts) owing to cold-induced vasoconstriction of the digital arteries, precapillary arterioles, and cutaneous arteriovenous shunts. Raynaud's phenomenon reflects an exaggeration of normal central and local vasomotor responses to cold or emotion. Raynaud's phenomenon has been classified as primary or secondary, depending on whether it occurs as an isolated condition or is associated mainly with a connective tissue disease. Dysregulation of autonomic and sensitive nerve fibers, functional and structural vessel changes, and intravascular alterations can be observed in the pathogenesis of RP. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) is the best non-invasive and repetitive diagnostic technique for detecting morpho-functional changes in the microcirculation. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy is accepted in early diagnosis and monitoring of primary and secondary RP.
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Ettinger M, Calliess T, Kielstein JT, Sibai J, Brückner T, Lichtinghagen R, Windhagen H, Lukasz A. Circulating Biomarkers for Discrimination Between Aseptic Joint Failure, Low-Grade Infection, and High-Grade Septic Failure. Clin Infect Dis 2015; 61:332-41. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/civ286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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FcγRIIb inhibits immune complex-induced VEGF-A production and intranodal lymphangiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:17971-6. [PMID: 25475856 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1413915111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
IgG immune complexes (ICs) are generated during immune responses to infection and self-antigen and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Their role, and that of the fragment crystallizable (Fc) receptors that bind them, in driving local inflammation is not fully understood. Low affinity-activating Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) that bind immune complexes are controlled by a single inhibitory receptor, FcγRIIb (CD32b). We investigated whether FcγR cross-linking by IC might induce VEGF-A and lymph node lymphangiogenesis. Murine macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) stimulated with ICs produced VEGF-A, and this was inhibited by coligation of FcγRIIb. Similarly, IC-induced VEGF-A production by B cells was inhibited by FcγRIIb. In vivo, IC generation resulted in VEGF-A-dependent intranodal lymphangiogenesis and increased DC number. We sought to determine the relevance of these findings to autoimmunity because elevated serum VEGF-A has been observed in patients with SLE; we found that lymphangiogenesis and VEGF-A were increased in the lymph nodes of mice with collagen-induced arthritis and SLE. In humans, a SLE-associated polymorphism (rs1050501) results in a dysfunctional FcγRIIB(T232) receptor. Monocyte-derived macrophages from subjects with the FcγRIIB(T/T232) genotype showed increased FcγR-mediated VEGF-A production, demonstrating a similar process is likely to occur in humans. Thus, ICs contribute to inflammation through VEGF-A-driven lymph node lymphangiogenesis, which is controlled by FcγRIIb. These findings have implications for the pathogenesis, and perhaps future treatment, of autoimmune diseases.
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Angiogenesis-related biomarkers in patients with alcoholic liver disease: their association with liver disease complications and outcome. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:673032. [PMID: 24959006 PMCID: PMC4052180 DOI: 10.1155/2014/673032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is believed to be implicated in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). We aimed to explore the usefulness and accuracy of plasma angiogenic biomarkers for noninvasive evaluation of the severity of liver failure and ALD outcome. One hundred and forty-seven patients with ALD were prospectively enrolled and assessed based on their (1) gender, (2) age, (3) severity of liver dysfunction according to the Child-Turcotte-Pugh and MELD scores, and (4) the presence of ALD complications. Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) and angiopoietins 1 and 2 (Ang1 and Ang2) were investigated using ELISAs. Multivariable logistic regression was applied in order to select independent predictors of advanced liver dysfunction and the disease complications. Significantly higher concentrations of Ang2 and VEGF-A in ALD patients as compared to controls were found. There was no difference in Ang1 levels in both groups. A positive correlation of Ang2 levels with INR (Rho 0.66; P < 0.0001) and its inverse correlation with plasma albumin levels (Rho –0.62; P < 0.0001) were found. High Ang2 concentrations turned out to be an independent predictor of severe liver dysfunction, as well as hepatic encephalopathy and renal impairment. Ang2 possessed the highest diagnostic and prognostic potential among three studied angiogenesis-related molecules.
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Kuryliszyn-Moskal A, Kita J, Dakowicz A, Chwieśko-Minarowska S, Moskal D, Kosztyła-Hojna B, Jabłońska E, Klimiuk PA. The influence of Multiwave Locked System (MLS) laser therapy on clinical features, microcirculatory abnormalities and selected modulators of angiogenesis in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 34:489-96. [PMID: 24820143 PMCID: PMC4348551 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2637-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the Multiwave Locked System (MLS) laser therapy on clinical features, microvascular changes in nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and circulating modulators releasing as a consequence of vascular endothelium injury such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin 2 (Ang-2) in patients with primary and secondary Raynaud’s phenomenon. Seventy-eight RP patients and 30 healthy volunteers were recruited into the study. All patients with RP received MLS laser irradiation for 3 weeks. Clinical, NVC and laboratory investigations were performed before and after the MLS laser therapy. The serum concentration of VEGF and Ang-2 were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After 3 weeks of MLS laser therapy, the clinical improvement manifested by decreasing of the number of RP attacks, mean duration of Raynaud’s attack and pain intensity in RP patients was observed. After MLS laser therapy in 65 % of patients with primary and in 35 % with secondary RP, an increase in the loop number and/or a reduction in avascular areas in NVC were observed. In comparison with a control group, higher serum concentration of VEGF and Ang-2 in RP patients was demonstrated. After MLS laser therapy, a reduction of Ang-2 in both groups of RP patients was found. Our results suggest that NVC may reflect microvascular changes associated with clinical improvement after MLS laser therapy in patients with primary and secondary RP. Ang-2 serum levels may be a useful marker of microvascular abnormalities in RP patients treated with MLS laser therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kuryliszyn-Moskal
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland,
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Kawashiri SY, Arima K, Suzuki T, Nakashima Y, Horai Y, Okada A, Tamai M, Nakamura H, Kawakami A. Presence of ultrasound subclinical synovitis and increment of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis achieved in sustained clinical remission by treatment with adalimumab and methotrexate. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 24:681-4. [PMID: 24533548 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.874736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A 63-year-old male Japanese rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patient, in whom treatment with infliximab and methotrexate (MTX) had once led to drug-free remission, experienced a disease flare in July 2010. He was retreated with a combination of adalimumab and MTX, and clinical remission was achieved in 3 months. In contrast, power Doppler signals by ultrasonography with increased serum vascular endothelial growth factor still remained after he achieved sustained clinical remission, whereas no radiographic progression has been found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ya Kawashiri
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki , Japan
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van de Sande MGH, de Launay D, de Hair MJH, García S, van de Sande GPM, Wijbrandts CA, Gerlag DM, Reedquist KA, Tak PP. Local synovial engagement of angiogenic TIE-2 is associated with the development of persistent erosive rheumatoid arthritis in patients with early arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 65:3073-83. [PMID: 23982963 DOI: 10.1002/art.38128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin signaling in the diagnosis and disease outcome of patients with early arthritis. METHODS Fifty patients with early arthritis (disease duration <1 year) who had not been treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) were monitored prospectively and were classified at baseline and after 2 years as having undifferentiated arthritis (UA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or spondyloarthritis (SpA). All patients underwent arthroscopic synovial biopsy at baseline. Synovial expression of VEGF, VEGF receptor, angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1), Ang-2, TIE-2, and activated p-TIE-2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Serum levels of VEGF, Ang-1, and Ang-2 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Secreted products of macrophages stimulated with Ang-1 and Ang-2 were measured using a multiplex system. RESULTS Expression of Ang-1 was comparable between the patients with RA at baseline and patients with UA who fulfilled the criteria for RA over time (UA/RA), and it was significantly higher in patients with RA (P < 0.05) or UA/RA (P < 0.005) than in patients with SpA. TIE-2 and p-TIE-2 were more highly expressed in patients with RA (P < 0.005) or UA/RA (P < 0.05) than in patients with SpA. Ang-1 significantly enhanced the tumor necrosis factor-dependent macrophage production of cytokines and chemokines that are known to be elevated in the synovial fluid of patients with early RA. In RA, relative TIE-2 activation predicted the development of erosive disease (R(2) = 0.35, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Local engagement of synovial TIE-2 is observed during the earliest phases of RA, suggesting that TIE-2 signaling may contribute to disease development and progression or may indicate an attempt to protect against these processes. Early therapeutic targeting of TIE-2 signaling may be useful in improving outcome in arthritis.
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Ramírez J, Ruíz-Esquide V, Pomés I, Celis R, Cuervo A, Hernández MV, Pomés J, Pablos JL, Sanmartí R, Cañete JD. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission and ultrasound-defined active synovitis exhibit higher disease activity and increased serum levels of angiogenic biomarkers. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R5. [PMID: 24398122 PMCID: PMC3978423 DOI: 10.1186/ar4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this study was to identify and characterize subclinical synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in clinical remission using power Doppler ultrasound (PDUS) and serum levels of biomarkers of inflammation and/or angiogenesis. Methods We selected patients with RA in clinical remission defined as a Disease activity score of 28 joints (DAS28)-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) <2.6 for more than six months tested by two independent rheumatologists. Clinical, epidemiological, demographic and serological data were analyzed. PDUS of knees and hands was performed by a sonographer. Synovial hypertrophy (SH) and PDUS signal were scored (grades 0 to 3). SH ≥2 and a PDUS signal was classified as active synovitis. Serum levels of biomarkers of inflammation/angiogenesis were determined by Quantibody® Human Array. Results This study included 55 patients, of whom 25 (45.4%) met criteria for ultrasound-defined active synovitis. Patients with active synovitis had higher DAS28-C reactive protein (P = 0.023), DAS28-ESR (P = 0.06), simplified disease activity score, SDAI (P = 0.064), and only 12% were taking oral glucocorticoids (≤5 mg/day) compared with 40% of patients without active synovitis (P = 0.044). Patients with synovitis also had significantly higher serum levels of the angiogenic biomarkers angiopoietin-2 (P = 0.038), vascular endothelial growth factor-D (P = 0.018), placental growth factor (P = 0.043), stromal cell-derived factor-1 (P = 0.035), matrix metallopeptidase-2 (P = 0.027) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) (P = 0.007), but not of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the multivariate logistic regression model used to explore prognostic biomarkers for active synovitis, serum levels of bFGF, DAS28-ESR and not receiving glucocorticoids were the best predictors of active synovitis. The predictive indexes provided by the model were specificity 73.3%, sensitivity 72%, and area under the curve in receiver operating characteristic 81.5% (95% CI: 70.1% to 92.8%). Conclusions Nearly half of the patients with RA in clinical remission had ultrasound-defined active synovitis, higher disease activity and less frequent oral glucocorticoid consumption than patients without active synovitis. This clinical situation was associated with a specific biological profile characterized by an excess of angiogenic mediators rather than persistent proinflammatory cytokine responses.
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Significance of serum levels of angiopoietin-2 and its relationship to Doppler ultrasonographic findings in rheumatoid arthritis patients. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kawashiri SY, Suzuki T, Nakashima Y, Horai Y, Okada A, Iwamoto N, Ichinose K, Tamai M, Arima K, Nakamura H, Origuchi T, Uetani M, Aoyagi K, Eguchi K, Kawakami A. Ultrasonographic examination of rheumatoid arthritis patients who are free of physical synovitis: power Doppler subclinical synovitis is associated with bone erosion. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2013; 53:562-9. [PMID: 24319104 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of power Doppler (PD) subclinical synovitis in patients with RA who achieve clinical remission free from physical synovitis. METHODS Twenty-nine RA patients were consecutively enrolled. All of the patients had achieved clinical remission [simplified disease activity index (SDAI) 3.3] for at least 6 months at the musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSKUS) examination. Additionally, none of the patients exhibited tender joints at 68 sites or swollen joints at 66 sites. MSKUS of bilateral wrist and finger joints, including the first to fifth MCP joints, the first IP joint and the second to fifth PIP joints, was performed and the findings obtained by grey scale (GS) and PD were graded on a semi-quantitative scale from 0 to 3. RESULTS The median disease duration upon the introduction of DMARDs was 3 months and that at MSKUS examination was 21 months. The percentages of patients with PD synovitis in at least one joint were PD grade 1, 58.6%; PD grade 2, 31.0% and PD grade 3, 6.9%. The use of biological agents was low in patients with PD synovitis grade 2 (P < 0.05). The presence of US bone erosion was high by patient (P < 0.05) and by joint (P < 0.0001) with PD synovitis as compared with those without PD synovitis. However, no correlations were found between PD synovitis measures and serum biomarkers, including angiogenesis factors. CONCLUSION PD subclinical synovitis correlates with several clinical characteristics, whereas conventional serum biomarkers are not useful for indicating the presence of subclinical PD synovitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-ya Kawashiri
- Department of Public Health, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
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Furuya K, Kaku Y, Yoshida K, Joh K, Kurosaka D. Therapeutic effects of sunitinib, one of the anti-angiogenetic drugs, in a murine arthritis. Mod Rheumatol 2013; 24:487-91. [PMID: 24289201 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.844295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to confirm the inhibitory effects of sunitinib, an angiogenesis inhibitor that targets tyrosine kinases of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) family and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) family, on arthritis in mice with type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS Sunitinib at a concentration of 30 or 60 mg/kg/day was intraperitoneally administered to mice with CIA. We compared the changes in arthritis score over time, pathological score, bone density, and microvascular density in synovial membrane between the vehicle and treatment groups. RESULTS In the sunitinib-treated groups, the arthritis score decreased in a dose-dependent manner in comparison with that in the vehicle group. Furthermore, improvement in the pathological score, inhibitory tendency of loss in the bone density, and a decrease in the synovial microvascular density were also observed in the sunitinib-treated groups. CONCLUSIONS Sunitinib remarkably inhibited arthritis, particularly synovial angiogenesis in a murine CIA model. This compound may be useful for treating arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Furuya
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine , Minato-ku, Tokyo , Japan
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Senna MK, Machaly SA, Foda M, Eid N. Baseline angiopoietin-2/angiopoietin-1 (Ang2/Ang1) ratio is correlated with the synovial vascularity measured 1 month later in rheumatoid arthritis. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2013. [DOI: 10.4103/1110-161x.123797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Curtis JR, van der Helm-van Mil AH, Knevel R, Huizinga TW, Haney DJ, Shen Y, Ramanujan S, Cavet G, Centola M, Hesterberg LK, Chernoff D, Ford K, Shadick NA, Hamburger M, Fleischmann R, Keystone E, Weinblatt ME. Validation of a novel multibiomarker test to assess rheumatoid arthritis disease activity. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2013; 64:1794-803. [PMID: 22736476 PMCID: PMC3508159 DOI: 10.1002/acr.21767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective Quantitative assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is important for patient management, and additional objective information may aid rheumatologists in clinical decision making. We validated a recently developed multibiomarker disease activity (MBDA) test relative to clinical disease activity in diverse RA cohorts. Methods Serum samples were obtained from the Index for Rheumatoid Arthritis Measurement, Brigham and Women's Hospital Rheumatoid Arthritis Sequential Study, and Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic cohorts. Levels of 12 biomarkers were measured and combined according to a prespecified algorithm to generate the composite MBDA score. The relationship of the MBDA score to clinical disease activity was characterized separately in seropositive and seronegative patients using Pearson's correlations and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) to discriminate between patients with low and moderate/high disease activity. Associations between changes in MBDA score and clinical responses 6–12 weeks after initiation of anti–tumor necrosis factor or methotrexate treatment were evaluated by the AUROC. Results The MBDA score was significantly associated with the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints using the C-reactive protein level (DAS28-CRP) in both seropositive (AUROC 0.77, P < 0.001) and seronegative (AUROC 0.70, P < 0.001) patients. In subgroups based on age, sex, body mass index, and treatment, the MBDA score was associated with the DAS28-CRP (P < 0.05) in all seropositive and most seronegative subgroups. Changes in the MBDA score at 6–12 weeks could discriminate both American College of Rheumatology criteria for 50% improvement responses (P = 0.03) and DAS28-CRP improvement (P = 0.002). Changes in the MBDA score at 2 weeks were also associated with subsequent DAS28-CRP response (P = 0.02). Conclusion Our findings establish the criterion and discriminant validity of a novel multibiomarker test as an objective measure of RA disease activity to aid in the management of RA in patients with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Curtis
- UAB Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics, UAB Arthritis Clinical Intervention Program, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, FOT 805D, 510 20th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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Takagawa S, Nakamura F, Kumagai K, Nagashima Y, Goshima Y, Saito T. Decreased semaphorin3A expression correlates with disease activity and histological features of rheumatoid arthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2013; 14:40. [PMID: 23343469 PMCID: PMC3558329 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-14-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of which the pathogenetic mechanisms are not fully understood. Semaphorin3A (Sema3A) has an immune regulatory role. Neuropilin1 (NRP1), the primary receptor for Sema3A, is also a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor 165 (VEGF165). It has been shown that Sema3A competitively antagonizes VEGF165 signaling. This study investigated whether Sema3A is expressed in synovial tissues, and is associated with disease activity and the histological features of synovial tissues from RA patients. Methods Human synovial tissues samples were obtained from RA and osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Disease activity of RA patients was calculated using the 28-joint Disease Activity Score based on C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP). The histological features of RA synovial tissues were evaluated using Rooney’s inflammation scoring system. The localization of Sema3A, VEGF165 and NRP1 positive cells was immunohistochemically determined in synovial tissues. Expression levels of Sema3A, VEGF-A and NRP1 mRNA were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results In OA specimens, Sema3A, VEGF165 and NRP1 proteins were expressed in the synovial lining and inflammatory cells beneath the lining. Immunohistochemistry revealed the protein expression of Sema3A in synovial lining cells was decreased in RA tissues compared with OA samples. qPCR analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of Sema3A mRNA levels in RA synovial tissue samples than in OA and a significant correlation of the ratio of Sema3A/VEGF-A mRNA expression levels with DAS28-CRP (R = −0.449, p = 0.013). Sema3A mRNA levels also correlated with Rooney’s inflammation score, especially in perivascular infiltrates of lymphocytes (R = −0.506, p = 0.004), focal aggregates of lymphocytes (R = −0.501, p = 0.005) and diffuse infiltrates of lymphocytes (R = −0.536, p = 0.002). Conclusions Reduction of Sema3A expression in RA synovial tissues may contribute to pathogenesis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Takagawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
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Presence of ultrasound subclinical synovitis and increment of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis achieved in sustained clinical remission by treatment with adalimumab and methotrexate. Mod Rheumatol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10165-012-0821-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kurniati NF, van Meurs M, vom Hagen F, Jongman RM, Moser J, Zwiers PJ, Struys MM, Westra J, Zijlstra JG, Hammes HP, Molema G, Heeringa P. Pleiotropic effects of angiopoietin-2 deficiency do not protect mice against endotoxin-induced acute kidney injury. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 28:567-75. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Masoumi Moghaddam S, Amini A, Morris DL, Pourgholami MH. Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor in growth and peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2012; 31:143-62. [PMID: 22101807 PMCID: PMC3350632 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-011-9337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of angiogenesis which drives endothelial cell survival, proliferation, and migration while increasing vascular permeability. Playing an important role in the physiology of normal ovaries, VEGF has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. Essentially by promoting tumor angiogenesis and enhancing vascular permeability, VEGF contributes to the development of peritoneal carcinomatosis associated with malignant ascites formation, the characteristic feature of advanced ovarian cancer at diagnosis. In both experimental and clinical studies, VEGF levels have been inversely correlated with survival. Moreover, VEGF inhibition has been shown to inhibit tumor growth and ascites production and to suppress tumor invasion and metastasis. These findings have laid the basis for the clinical evaluation of agents targeting VEGF signaling pathway in patients with ovarian cancer. In this review, we will focus on VEGF involvement in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer and its contribution to the disease progression and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Masoumi Moghaddam
- Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
| | - Afshin Amini
- Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
| | - David L. Morris
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
| | - Mohammad H. Pourgholami
- Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2217 Australia
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Chittiboina P, Ganta V, Monceaux CP, Scott LK, Nanda A, Alexander JS. Angiopoietins as promising biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in brain injury. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 20:15-21. [PMID: 22633746 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2012.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sub-arachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are major causes of long-term disability, mortality, and enormous economic costs to society. The full spectrum of neurological damage created by TBI or SAH is not usually manifested at the time of injury, but evolves gradually over the course of hours to days (or weeks) following these injuries. Angiopoietins, important regulators of vascular structure and function, are hallmark indicators of vascular injury and may therefore represent promising targets in the treatment of SAH and TBI. In animal models and human tissues, normal intracerebral and pial vessels show strong expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), but only minimal expression or presentation of Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2). After several types of neurotrauma, the ratios of Ang-1 and Ang-2 expression in brain microvessel are disturbed and appear to contribute to the remarkable loss of blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these injuries. Angiopoietins levels, and perhaps more importantly, Angiopoietin ratios (1:2) may have novel and important diagnostic and prognostic uses in TBI and SAH brain injury. Ang-1/2 evaluation in plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid may provide new therapeutic modalities which can modify 'secondary' forms of brain injury after TBI and SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Chittiboina
- Department of Neurosurgery, LSUHSC-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, United States
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Kayakabe K, Kuroiwa T, Sakurai N, Ikeuchi H, Kadiombo AT, Sakairi T, Matsumoto T, Maeshima A, Hiromura K, Nojima Y. Interleukin-6 promotes destabilized angiogenesis by modulating angiopoietin expression in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2012; 51:1571-9. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kes093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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Polymorphism in the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene is associated with serum VEGF-A level and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: differential effect of cigarette smoking. Cytokine 2012; 58:390-7. [PMID: 22429695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Revised: 02/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of common genetic variants in the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene on circulating VEGF-A levels and disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS A cohort (n=419) of consecutively recruited RA patients of Caucasian origin was studied. Disease activity (DAS28) was recorded on a regular basis (0, 12 and 24 months). Smoking history (never, past and current) was obtained. PCR-RFLP assays were used to determine the genotypes of VEGFA single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) including VEGFA-2578 (rs699947), -460 (rs833061), +405 (rs2010963) and +936 (rs3025039). Circulating levels of VEGF-A were measured in serum samples using a fluorescent bead-based assay system (Luminex®). Associations were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistics. RESULTS VEGFA-2578 AA genotype was associated with lower serum VEGF-A levels, as was the most frequent haplotype (A(-2578)-C(-460)-G(+405), 48.1%) within the 5'-flanking region of the gene. The same genotype and haplotype were also associated with decreased disease activity in RA. This was seen only in patients who had never smoked. In multivariate multiple regression models, the VEGFA-2578 SNP was shown to be associated with disease activity at presentation (p=0.029) and over time (p=0.016) in patients who never smoked, independent of serum VEGF-A levels and other confounding factors. CONCLUSION Genetic variation in the VEGFA gene is associated with serum VEGF-A levels in RA, and shows an association with disease activity in RA patients who have never smoked, independent of serum VEGF-A levels.
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Hypoxia--a key regulator of angiogenesis and inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2012; 8:153-62. [PMID: 22293762 DOI: 10.1038/nrrheum.2011.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The importance of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is well understood. This knowledge has resulted in the development of anti-inflammatory therapies--either broadly acting (such as steroids) or more specific approaches (such as antibodies against TNF)--with biologic therapies (including TNF inhibitors) revolutionizing the treatment of RA. However, what is less well appreciated in RA are the links between inflammation, blood-vessel formation (angiogenesis) and cellular responses to changes in oxygen tension. Inadequate oxygenation, termed hypoxia, is thought to drive the increase in synovial angiogenesis that occurs in RA, through expression of hypoxia-inducible molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). This process promotes further infiltration of inflammatory cells and production of inflammatory mediators, perpetuating synovitis. This Review highlights the molecular pathways activated by hypoxia, and how these pathways might interact with inflammatory signaling to promote and maintain synovitis in RA, with a particular focus on the response of macrophages to hypoxia in the context of RA. Successful treatment of RA, for example with anti-TNF antibodies, reduces levels of proangiogenic factors, including VEGF, and leads to normalization of the vasculature. These processes emphasise the close links between hypoxia, angiogenesis and inflammation in this disease and supports the concept that angiogenesis blockade could be of therapeutic benefit in RA.
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Neuropilin-1 is upregulated in Sjögren's syndrome and contributes to pathological neovascularization. Histochem Cell Biol 2012; 137:669-77. [PMID: 22237885 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-012-0910-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Neuropilin-1 (NRP1) is a transmembrane co-receptor for members of the vascular endothelial growth factor family. Recent studies revealed an important role of NRP1 in angiogenesis and progression of many diseases. The role of NRP1 in the development of Sjögren's syndrome (SS), one of the most common rheumatic diseases, has not yet been investigated. Molecular studies and protein expression techniques were performed to elucidate the gene and protein expression profile of NRP1 in human salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) from primary SS. We used human microarrays and transient transfection with a mutant form of the negative inhibitory κBα proteins (IκBαDN) to investigate whether selective inhibition of nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) improves NRP1-mediated pro-angiogenic factors release from SS SGEC. The selective NRP1 function inhibition with an antibody to human NRP1, was employed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of targeting NRP1. We demonstrate that NRP1 is expressed in SGEC of both human healthy biopsies and in SS samples, and increased NRP1 expression in SS SGEC is significantly associated with pro-angiogenic factors release. Neutralizing anti-NRP1 antibody decreased pro-angiogenic factor production from SS SGEC and blocking NF-κB activation could be a way to inhibit NRP1-mediated angiogenesis in Sjögren's syndrome.
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Angiogenic growth factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2011; 33:523-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-2210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target in arthritis in 2011: learning the lessons of the colorectal cancer experience. Angiogenesis 2011; 14:223-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-011-9208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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