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Hanlon N, Gillan N, Neil J, Seidler K. The role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in modulating intestinal ILC3s to optimise gut pathogen resistance in lupus and benefits of nutritional AhR ligands. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1199-1215. [PMID: 38631087 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysbiosis is emerging as a potential trigger of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are recognised as key regulators of intestinal homeostasis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is critical to intestinal ILC3 development and function. This mechanistic review aimed to investigate whether AhR activation of gut ILC3s facilitates IL-22-mediated antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production to enhance colonisation resistance and ameliorate SLE pathology associated with intestinal dysbiosis. Furthermore, nutritional AhR ligand potential to enhance pathogen resistance was explored. METHODOLOGY This mechanistic review involved a three-tranche systematic literature search (review, mechanism, intervention) using PubMed with critical appraisal. Data was synthesised into themes and summarised in a narrative analysis. RESULTS Preclinical mechanistic data indicate that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s optimises pathogen resistance via IL-22-derived AMPs. Pre-clinical research is required to validate this mechanism in SLE. Data on systemic immune consequences of AhR modulation in lupus suggest UVB-activated ligands induce aberrant AhR signalling while many dietary ligands exert beneficial effects. Data on xenobiotic-origin ligands is varied, although considerable evidence has demonstrated negative effects on Th17 to Treg balance. Limited human evidence supports the role of nutritional AhR ligands in modulating SLE pathology. Preclinical and clinical data support anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands. CONCLUSION Current evidence is insufficient to fully validate the hypothesis that AhR modulation of intestinal ILC3s can enhance pathogen resistance to ameliorate lupus pathology driven by dysbiosis. However, anti-inflammatory effects of dietary AhR ligands suggest a promising role as a therapeutic intervention for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh Hanlon
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Natalie Gillan
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - James Neil
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
| | - Karin Seidler
- CNELM (Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management), 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham, Berkshire RG40 1DH, UK.
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2
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Seth P, Dubey S. IL-22 as a target for therapeutic intervention: Current knowledge on its role in various diseases. Cytokine 2023; 169:156293. [PMID: 37441942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
IL-22 has emerged as a crucial cytokine mediating protective response against pathogens and tissue regeneration. Dysregulated production of IL-22 has been shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases like malignant tumours, viral, cardiovascular, allergic and autoimmune disorders. Interleukin 22 belongs to IFN-IL-10 cytokine family. It is a major proinflammatory cytokine secreted by activated Th1 cells (Th22), though can also be secreted by many other immune cells like group 3 innate lymphocytes, γδ T cells, NK cells, NK T cells, and mucosal associated invariant T cells. Th22 cells exclusively release IL-22 but not IL-17 or IFN-γ (as Th1 cells releases IFN-γ along with IL-22 and Th17 cells releases IL-17 along with IL-22) and also express aryl hydrocarbon receptor as the key transcription factor. Th22 cells also exhibit expression of chemokine receptor CCR6 and skin-homing receptors CCR4 and CCR10 indicating the involvement of this subset in bolstering epithelial barrier immunity and promoting secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from intestinal epithelial cells. The function of IL-22 is modulated by IL-22 binding protein (binds to IL-22 and inhibits it binding to its cell surface receptor); which serves as a competitor for IL-22R1 chain of IL-22 receptor. The pathogenic and protective nature of the Th22 cells is modulated both by the site of infected tissue and the type of disease pathology. This review aims to discuss key features of IL-22 biology, comparisons between IL and 22 and IFN-γ and its role as a potential immune therapy target in different maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Seth
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, India
| | - Shweta Dubey
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, India.
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3
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Pan Y, Du D, Wang L, Wang X, He G, Jiang X. The Role of T Helper 22 Cells in Dermatological Disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:911546. [PMID: 35911703 PMCID: PMC9331286 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.911546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
T helper 22 (Th22) cells are a newly identified subset of CD4+ T cells that secrete the effector cytokine interleukin 22 (IL-22) upon specific antigen stimulation, barely with IFN-γ or IL-17. Increasing studies have demonstrated that Th22 cells and IL-22 play essential roles in skin barrier defense and skin disease pathogenesis since the IL-22 receptor is widely expressed in the skin, especially in keratinocytes. Herein, we reviewed the characterization, differentiation, and biological activities of Th22 cells and elucidated their roles in skin health and disease. We mainly focused on the intricate crosstalk between Th22 cells and keratinocytes and provided potential therapeutic strategies targeting the Th22/IL-22 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Du
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xian Jiang,
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xian Jiang,
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4
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Urine and serum interleukin 35 as potential biomarkers of lupus nephritis. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:351-359. [PMID: 34764807 PMCID: PMC8574112 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.109151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lupus nephritis (LN) is considered a serious manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Therefore, a reliable non-invasive biomarker is a priority for monitoring renal involvement instead of the kidney biopsy. Interleukin 35 (IL-35) has an immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory role in many autoimmune diseases. However, its role in LN still needs to be elucidated. Aim of the study To evaluate urine and serum levels of IL-35 in SLE patients with LN and without nephritis identifying their potential as biomarkers of renal involvement. Material and methods Urine and serum levels of IL-35 were measured in 42 SLE patients, divided into 22 with LN and 20 without LN, and 20 matched healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SLE disease activity was assessed for patients by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K). Results Levels of serum and urine IL-35 were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in the LN group compared with those without LN and with controls. In LN patients, a strong correlation (p < 0.001) was observed between serum and urine IL-35 levels with SLEDAI-2K score (r = 0.677 and 0.806 respectively). Furthermore, proteinuria had a strong and significant correlation (p ˂ 0.001) with serum and urinary IL-35 levels in the patients with LN. Serum IL-35 had 90.9% sensitivity and 85% specificity while urine IL-35 had 95.5% sensitivity and 75% specificity to differentiate LN from healthy individuals. Conclusions Urine and serum IL-35 may aid in assessment of renal involvement in SLE patients, serving as potential biomarkers of LN.
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Jiang Q, Yang G, Xiao F, Xie J, Wang S, Lu L, Cui D. Role of Th22 Cells in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688066. [PMID: 34295334 PMCID: PMC8290841 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon antigenic stimulation, naïve CD4+T cells differentiate into different subsets and secrete various cytokines to exert biological effects. Th22 cells, a newly identified CD4+T cell subset,are distinct from the Th1, Th2 and Th17 subsets. Th22 cells secrete certain cytokines such as IL-22, IL-13 and TNF-α, but not others, such as IL-17, IL-4, or interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and they express chemokine receptors CCR4, CCR6 and CCR10. Th22 cells were initially found to play a role in skin inflammatory diseases, but recent studies have demonstrated their involvement in the development of various autoimmune diseases. Here, we review research advances in the origin, characteristics and effector mechanisms of Th22 cells, with an emphasis on the role of Th22 cells and their main effector cytokine IL-22 in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The findings presented here may facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies for targeting these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Guocan Yang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Shaoxing People’s Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong; Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Jue Xie
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengjun Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology and Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong; Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing, China
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Paredes JL, Fernandez-Ruiz R, Niewold TB. T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2021; 47:379-393. [PMID: 34215369 DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2021.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
T-cell dysregulation has been implicated in the loss of tolerance and overactivation of B cells in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent studies have identified T-cell subsets and genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that contribute to pathogenic T-cell differentiation, as well as disease pathogenesis and clinical phenotypes in SLE. Many therapeutics targeting T-cell pathways are under development, and although many have not progressed in clinical trials, the recent approval of the calcineurin inhibitor voclosporin is encouraging. Further study of T-cell subsets and biomarkers of T-cell action may pave the way for specific targeting of pathogenic T-cell populations in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline L Paredes
- Colton Center for Autoimmunity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Ruth Fernandez-Ruiz
- Colton Center for Autoimmunity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Division of Rheumatology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Timothy B Niewold
- Colton Center for Autoimmunity, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Xuan X, Zhang L, Tian C, Wu T, Ye H, Cao J, Chen F, Liang Y, Yang H, Huang C. Interleukin-22 and connective tissue diseases: emerging role in pathogenesis and therapy. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:2. [PMID: 33407883 PMCID: PMC7788945 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-22 (IL-22), a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, is produced by a number of immune cells involved in the immune microenvironment of the body. IL-22 plays its pivotal roles by binding to the IL-22 receptor complex (IL-22R) and subsequently activating the IL-22R downstream signalling pathway. It has recently been reported that IL-22 also contributes to the pathogenesis of many connective tissue diseases (CTDs). In this review, we will discuss the role of IL-22 in several CTDs, such as system lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome, systemic sclerosis and dermatomyositis, suggesting that IL-22 may be a potential therapeutic target in CTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyun Xuan
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Jinan City People's Hospital, Jinan, 271199, Shandong, China
| | - Chunxia Tian
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Haihua Ye
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Juanmei Cao
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Fangqi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
| | - Huilan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Changzheng Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China.
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8
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Niu X, Xu X, Luo Z, Wu D, Tang J. The expression of Th9 and Th22 cells in rats with cerebral palsy after hUC-MSC transplantation. J Chin Med Assoc 2020; 83:60-66. [PMID: 31904741 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the expression of Th9 and Th22 cells in rats with cerebral palsy (CP) after human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) transplantation. METHODS First, hUC-MSCs were isolated from fresh umbilical cords and identified. Rats were divided into the normal group, CP group, and hUC-MSC transplantation group. The Morris water maze and balance beam tests were performed to evaluate the neurobehavioral ability of the rats. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-9, and IL-22 in rat brain tissues were detected by ELISA. Th9 and Th22 proportions in brain tissues were detected by flow cytometric analysis. The mRNA levels of IL-9, IL-22, PU.1, and AHR in brain tissues were determined by qRT-PCR. RESULTS hUC-MSC transplantation enhanced the neurobehavioral ability of CP rats. Furthermore, Th9 and Th22 proportions were decreased in brain tissues from CP rats after hUC-MSC transplantation. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6), Th9-related IL-9 and PU.1, and Th22-related IL-22 and AHR were markedly higher in brain tissues from CP rats than in brain tissues from control rats, but their levels were significantly decreased after hUC-MSC transplantation. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that Th9 and Th22 proportions are decreased in CP rats after hUC-MSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Niu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhihua Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - De Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiulai Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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9
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Lack of association between serum IL-9 levels and Behçet’s disease. Immunol Lett 2019; 211:23-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Gnirck AC, Wunderlich M, Becker M, Xiong T, Weinert E, Meyer-Schwesinger C, Dumoutier L, Renauld JC, Huber S, Panzer U, Turner JE. Endogenous IL-22 is dispensable for experimental glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 316:F712-F722. [PMID: 30724106 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00303.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the cytokine interleukin (IL)-22 attracted considerable attention due to its important immunoregulatory function in barrier tissues, such as the gut, lung, and skin. Although a regenerative role of IL-22 in renal tubular damage has been demonstrated, the role of IL-22 in the immunopathogenesis of glomerular injury is still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the IL-22 receptor is expressed in the glomerular compartment of the kidney and that IL-22 expression increases in the renal cortex after induction of glomerular injury in a mouse model for crescentic glomerulonephritis (cGN, nephrotoxic nephritis). We identified γδ T cells and TH17 cells as major sources for IL-22 in the nephritic kidney. However, neither genetic or antibody-mediated deletion of IL-22 nor genetic deficiency in its endogenous inhibitor IL-22Rα2 (IL-22 binding protein) resulted in substantial phenotypic differences in mice with cGN with respect to crescent formation, tubulointerstitial damage, and kidney function impairment. Similarly, we did not observe significant differences between wild-type or IL-22-deficient mice in a mouse model of secondary focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (adriamycin-induced nephropathy). As shown previously, we detected concomitant upregulation of IL-17A and IFN-γ production by T cells during the course of cGN, providing alternative cytokine pathways that mediate glomerular injury in this model. In conclusion, we show here that endogenous IL-22 expression is redundant in different forms of glomerular injury, indicating that the IL-22-directed therapies that are being tested in various human diseases might not affect the kidney in patients with glomerular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Gnirck
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Malte Wunderlich
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Martina Becker
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Tingting Xiong
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ella Weinert
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Catherine Meyer-Schwesinger
- Institut für Zelluläre und Integrative Physiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg , Germany
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe Renauld
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels Branch, Brussels , Belgium
- de Duve Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Samuel Huber
- First Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Ulf Panzer
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Jan-Eric Turner
- Third Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
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11
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Li Q, Wang B, Mu K, Zhang J. The pathogenesis of thyroid autoimmune diseases: New T lymphocytes – Cytokines circuits beyond the Th1−Th2 paradigm. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2204-2216. [PMID: 30246383 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Department of EndocrinologyJinshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of EndocrinologyJinshan Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghai China
| | - Kaida Mu
- Department of EndocrinologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghai China
| | - Jin‐An Zhang
- Department of EndocrinologyShanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghai China
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12
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Szeto CC. Urinary mRNA and lupus disease flare. Nephrology (Carlton) 2017; 22 Suppl 4:27-30. [DOI: 10.1111/nep.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics; Prince of Wales Hospital; 32 Ngan Shing Street Shatin, NT Hong Kong China
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13
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Zhang H, Ying Y, Chen Y, Lu X, Huang Y. Effect of chronic glomerulonephritis on the semen quality and cytokines in the semen of infertile males. Am J Reprod Immunol 2016; 77. [PMID: 27862586 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huina Zhang
- Reproductive center; The 2 Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Yingfen Ying
- Reproductive center; The 2 Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Yilu Chen
- Reproductive center; The 2 Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Xiaosheng Lu
- Reproductive center; The 2 Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
| | - Yonggang Huang
- Reproductive center; The 2 Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Wenzhou China
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