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Shen Z, Jiang J, Zhou X, Tan Q, Yan S, Wu X, Pi J, Wang H, Yang H, Luo X. Melatonin Attenuates Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Inflammation and Restores the Th17/Treg Immune Balance. Inflammation 2024:10.1007/s10753-024-02023-4. [PMID: 38653920 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-024-02023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated skin disease characterized by abnormally reactive inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia. Previous studies have shown melatonin (MLT) has powerful anti-inflammatory effects. The mechanisms that MLT regulates psoriasis-associated skin inflammation remain unclear. Here, in imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like mice, MLT supplementation reduced skin inflammation and corrected the Th17/Treg cell imbalance. Network pharmacology and proteome sequencing analyses revealed that MLT attenuates the inflammatory response in the skin of psoriatic mice by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Overall, the data suggest that MLT has a protective effect against psoriasis-like inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanting Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinqiu Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingqing Tan
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuege Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangshan Pi
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, 136 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Yuzhong District, 400014, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Chongqing, China.
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Bakić M, Klisić A, Kocić G, Kocić H, Karanikolić V. Oxidative stress and metabolic biomarkers in patients with Psoriasis. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:97-105. [PMID: 38496030 PMCID: PMC10944565 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-45076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an autoinflammatory disease that affects not only skin but multiple organs thus being associated with many comorbidities. Oxidative stress and inflammation play the major role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Studies that examined by-products of oxidative stress in psoriasis show discrepant results. Hence, we aimed to examine the oxidative stress, inflammation and metabolic markers and to explore their potential relationship with disease severity in patients with psoriasis. Methods This case-control study comprised of 35 patients with psoriasis and 35 age, sex and body mass index-matched healthy controls. Metabolic and oxidative stress biomarkers [i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and catalase (CAT)] were measured. The principal component analysis (PCA) was employed to reduce the number of measured variables into smaller number of factors. PCA factors were subsequently used in logistic regression analysis for severe psoriasis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Bakić
- Clinical Center of Montenegro, Clinic for Dermatovenerology, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Aleksandra Klisić
- University of Montenegro, Faculty of Medicine, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Gordana Kocić
- University of Nis, School of Medicine, Department of medical Biochemistry, Nis
| | - Hristina Kocić
- University of Nis, School of Medicine, Clinic for Skin Diseases of the Clinical Center Nis, Nis
| | - Vesna Karanikolić
- University of Nis, School of Medicine, Clinic for Skin Diseases of the Clinical Center Nis, Nis
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Cozma EC, Găman MA, Orzan O, Hamed KV, Voiculescu VM, Găman AM. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Levels in a Population of Eastern European Naïve Versus Treated Psoriasis Patients. Cureus 2023; 15:e48177. [PMID: 38046733 PMCID: PMC10693351 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease, with a major impact on the patients' quality of life. Oxidative stress (OS) is represented by the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms of the organism, with increased levels being described in the majority of chronic diseases. We present the first prospective study in Romania to evaluate the redox balance changes (using a CR3000 analyzer) in patients with moderate-severe psoriasis based on treatment regimens: treatment-naïve (A), treatment with novel targeted agents (B) and methotrexate (C). The study group included 53 Caucasian patients divided into three groups (A- 27 patients, B - 15 patients, and C - 11 patients) for which OS, antioxidant status, standard blood count, and inflammatory status were evaluated. Our findings demonstrate that patients with psoriasis display high levels of OS, with elevated Free Oxygen Radical Test (FORT) (p-value for group A (pA)<0.0001, p-value for group B (pB)=0.0019 and p-value for group C (pC)=0.0063) and reduced Free Oxygen Radical Defense (FORD) (pB=0.018) values noted in our subjects. Higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) values were detected in groups B (pB=0.00012) and C (pC<0.00001). Psoriasis treatments alleviate FORT and FORD levels, but their impact is not sufficient to restore the oxidative balance to normal ranges. Moreover, despite adequate treatment, patients with psoriasis display elevated inflammation levels. Future research should explore in more detail the interplay between OS and inflammation in psoriasis, namely the long-term impact on the redox balance of biotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Bucharest, ROU
- Hematology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
| | - Olguța Orzan
- Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
| | | | - Vlad Mihai Voiculescu
- Dermatology, Elias Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, ROU
- Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, ROU
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4
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You M, Jiang Q, Huang H, Ma F, Zhou X. 4-Octyl itaconate inhibits inflammation to attenuate psoriasis as an agonist of oxeiptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110915. [PMID: 37741130 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a highly prevalent chronic disease associated with a substantial social and economic burden. Oxeiptosis is a programmed cell death that occurs when cells are in a state of high oxidative stress, which has a potent anti-inflammatory effect. However, there is still no research on oxeiptosis in psoriasis, and the agonists or antagonists of oxeiptosis remain an unclear field. Here, we found that oxeiptosis of keratinocytes was inhibited in psoriasis lesions. KEAP1, as the upstream molecular component of oxeiptosis, is highly expressed in psoriasis lesions. Knockdown of KEAP1 in HaCaT cells caused oxeiptosis in the condition of M5 cocktail stimulation. Next, we found that the cell-permeable derivative of itaconate, 4-octylitaconate (OI) promoted oxeiptosis of keratinocytes by inhibiting KEAP1 and then activating PGAM5 which are two upstream molecular components of oxeiptosis. At the same time, OI can reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines induced by M5 cocktail stimulation in vitro. Similarly, we found that OI can alleviate IMQ-induced psoriatic lesions in mice and downregulate the levels of inflammatory cytokines in psoriatic lesions. In summary, our findings suggest that oxeiptosis of keratinocytes was inhibited in psoriasis and OI can significantly inhibit inflammation and alleviate psoriasis as an agonist of oxeiptosis, indicating that oxeiptosis may be involved in regulating the progression of psoriasis, which may provide new therapeutic targets for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshu You
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Qian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Huining Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Fangyu Ma
- Department of Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Xingchen Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Liu L, Kang XX. ACSL4 is overexpressed in psoriasis and enhances inflammatory responses by activating ferroptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 623:1-8. [PMID: 35868067 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.07.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
More and more studies have shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the progression of various diseases, but the significance of ferroptosis in psoriasis is still rarely explored. The detection of plasma and psoriatic lesions found that the contents of MDA and ROS were significantly increased, while the contents of SOD and GSH were significantly decreased, and the trend of increase or decrease in patients with progressive psoriasis was more obvious. The expression of ACSL4, a key regulator of ferroptosis, was significantly increased in psoriatic lesions and further up-regulated in patients with progressive psoriasis. ACSL4 expression was positively correlated with PASI score and the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-17a), and linear regression analysis showed that high expression of ACSL4 in psoriatic lesions was associated with higher PASI score. Both ferroptosis inducer Erastin and IFN-γ/TNF-α significantly induced ferroptosis, inhibited keratinocyte viability, promoted the accumulation of MDA, ROS and Fe2+, and enhanced ACSL4, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 expression. When ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 was added to inhibit ferroptosis, the up-regulation trends of MDA, ROS, Fe2+, ACSL4, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly inhibited, and inhibition of ACSL4 expression also had a similar effect. Apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK could also attenuate the pro-inflammatory effect of IFN-γ/TNF-α, and Fer-1 plus Z-VAD-FMK further inhibited the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Thus, ferroptosis is significantly activated during the progression of psoriasis and promotes inflammatory responses by upregulating ACSL4 expression. This discovery will provide new targets for clinical detection, prevention and treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China.
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Dobrică EC, Cozma MA, Găman MA, Voiculescu VM, Găman AM. The Involvement of Oxidative Stress in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020282. [PMID: 35204165 PMCID: PMC8868066 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis characterized by the appearance of erythematous plaques, covered by white scales, occasionally pruritogenic, and distributed mainly on the extensor areas. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance or a transient or chronic increase in the levels of free oxygen/nitrogen radicals, either as a result of the exaggerated elevation in their production or the decrease in their ability to be eliminated by antioxidant systems. Although the pathogenesis of psoriasis remains far from elucidated, there are studies that delineate an involvement of oxidative stress in this skin disorder. Thus, a systematic search was computed in PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and SCOPUS and, in total, 1293 potentially eligible articles exploring this research question were detected. Following the removal of duplicates and the exclusion of irrelevant manuscripts based on the screening of their titles and abstracts (n = 995), 298 original articles were selected for full-text review. Finally, after we applied the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 79 original articles were included in this systematic review. Overall, the data analyzed in this systematic review point out that oxidative stress markers are elevated in psoriasis and share an association with the duration and severity of the disease. The concentrations of these biomarkers are impacted on by anti-psoriasis therapy. In addition, the crosstalk between psoriasis and oxidative stress is influenced by several polymorphisms that arise in genes encoding markers or enzymes related to the redox balance. Although the involvement of oxidative stress in psoriasis remains undisputable, future research is needed to explore the utility of assessing circulating serum, plasma, urinary and/or skin biomarkers of oxidative stress and of studying polymorphisms in genes regulating the redox balance, as well as how can these findings be translated into the management of psoriasis, as well in understanding its pathogenesis and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena-Codruța Dobrică
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, “Elias” University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: or (E.-C.D.); (V.-M.V.)
| | - Matei-Alexandru Cozma
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Colentina Clinical Hospital, 020125 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihnea-Alexandru Găman
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Department of Hematology, Center of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad-Mihai Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Elias” University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Medicine, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (M.-A.C.); (M.-A.G.)
- Correspondence: or (E.-C.D.); (V.-M.V.)
| | - Amelia Maria Găman
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; or
- Clinic of Hematology, Filantropia City Hospital, 200143 Craiova, Romania
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Changes in Proteome of Fibroblasts Isolated from Psoriatic Skin Lesions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155363. [PMID: 32731552 PMCID: PMC7432102 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The dermal fibroblasts are in constant contact with the cells of the immune system and skin epidermis. Therefore, they are essential for the development of lesions in psoriasis. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in the proteomic profile of fibroblasts in the dermis of psoriasis patients, and to discuss the most significant changes and their potential consequences. The proteomic results indicate that fibroblast dysfunction arises from the upregulation of proinflammatory factors and antioxidant proteins, as well as those involved in signal transduction and participating in proteolytic processes. Moreover, downregulated proteins in psoriatic fibroblasts are mainly responsible for the transcription/translation processes, glycolysis/ adenosine triphosphate synthesis and structural molecules. These changes can directly affect intercellular signaling and promote the hyperproliferation of epidermal cells. A better understanding of the metabolic effects of the proteomic changes observed could guide the development of new pharmacotherapies for psoriasis.
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Elmas ÖF, Demirbaş A, Kutlu Ö, Bağcıer F, Metin MS, Özyurt K, Akdeniz N, Atasoy M, Türsen Ü, Lotti T. Psoriasis and COVID-19: A narrative review with treatment considerations. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13858. [PMID: 32686245 PMCID: PMC7323009 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2). COVID‐19 outbreak has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 2020. The pandemic has affected the management of psoriasis not only for those who are under treatment but also for those who are about to begin a new therapy to control their disease. An increasing number of studies in the current literature have focused on the relationship between psoriasis and COVID‐19 from different perspectives. This narrative review includes searching the PubMed and Web of Science databases using the keywords “psoriasis,” “psoriatic arthritis,” “coronavirus,” “COVID‐19,” and “SARS‐CoV‐2.” The search was supplemented by manual searching of reference lists of included articles. A total of 11 relevant original investigations and 6 case studies was identified. The search was updated in May 2019. Due to the absence of randomized controlled trials, it is not likely to have a robust evidence‐based approach to psoriasis management in the era of COVID‐19. However, the current literature may provide some clues for safety considerations. Conventional immunosuppressive therapies such as methotrexate and cyclosporine, and anti‐tumor necrosis factor agents should not be preferred due to increased risk of infection, especially in high‐risk areas. The use of cyclosporine may pose additional risk due to the side effect of hypertension, which has been reported to be associated with susceptibility to severe COVID‐19. Considering that the current literature has provided no conclusive evidence that biologics increase the risk of COVID‐19, withdrawal of these agents should be reserved for patients with COVID‐19 symptoms. The treatment approach should be personalized, considering the advantages and disadvantages for each case separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Faruk Elmas
- Department of Dermatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Demirbaş
- Department of Dermatology, Konya Numune State Hospital, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ömer Kutlu
- Department of Dermatology, Uşak University, Uşak, Turkey
| | - Fatih Bağcıer
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Sami Metin
- Department of Dermatology, Adana Kozan State Hospital, Adana, Turkey
| | - Kemal Özyurt
- Department of Dermatology, Kırşehir Ahi Evran University, Kırşehir, Turkey
| | - Necmettin Akdeniz
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Atasoy
- Department of Dermatology, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ümit Türsen
- Department of Dermatology, Health Science University, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Torello Lotti
- Department of Dermatology, Guglielmo Marconi University, Rome, Italy
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Winiarska-Mieczan A, Mieczan T, Wójcik G. Importance of Redox Equilibrium in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis-Impact of Antioxidant-Rich Diet. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1841. [PMID: 32575706 PMCID: PMC7353401 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, chronic, hyperproliferative, inflammatory skin disease occurring in most ethnic groups in the world. The disease is hereditary but the process of its inheritance is complex and still not fully understood. At the same time, it has been observed that psoriatic lesions may be triggered by certain prooxidative external factors: using narcotics, smoking, drinking alcohol, physical and mental stress, as well as bacterial infections and injury. Since the main physiological marker of psoriasis relates to disorders in the organism's antioxidative system, it is necessary to develop a well-balanced combination of pharmaceuticals and dietary antioxidants to facilitate the effective treatment and/or prevention of the disease. The dietary sources of antioxidants must be adequate for chronic use regardless of the patient's age and be easily available, e.g., as ingredients of regular food or dietary supplements. Diet manipulation is a promising therapeutic approach in the context of modulating the incidence of chronic diseases. Another potentially viable method entails the use of nutrigenomics, which guarantees a multiaspectual approach to the problem, including, in particular, analyses of the genetic profiles of psoriasis patients with the view to more accurately targeting key problems. The present paper pertains to the significance of redox equilibrium in the context of psoriasis. Based on information published in worldwide literature over the last decade, the impact of dietary exogenous antioxidants on the course of this chronic disease was analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Winiarska-Mieczan
- Department of Bromatology and Food Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Mieczan
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-262 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wójcik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland;
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