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Hemanth M, Venugopal S, Devaraj C, Shashank CG, Ponnuvel P, Mandal PK, Sejian V. Comparative assessment of growth performance, heat resistance and carcass traits in four poultry genotypes reared in hot-humid tropical environment. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38825837 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of heat stress on growth and carcass traits in four poultry genotypes-Giriraja, Country chicken, Naked Neck and Kadaknath reared in a hot and humid tropical environment. Birds from all genotypes had ad libitum access to feed and water while being challenged with consistently high environmental temperatures in the experimental shed. Daily diurnal meteorological data were recorded inside and outside the shed. The study specifically examined growth variables and carcass characteristics. Significant differences (p < 0.01) were observed in body weight and average daily gain at various intervals. Notably, feed intake showed significant differences (p < 0.01) across weeks, indicating interactions between genotypes and time intervals. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) varied significantly (p < 0.01), with the highest FCR recorded in the Kadaknath breed. Livability percentages were similar across groups, except for Giriraja, which had significantly lower livability (p < 0.01). Carcass traits, including dressing, wings, feathers and giblet percentages, showed significant differences among genotypes (p < 0.01). Hepatic mRNA expression of growth-related genes revealed numerical variations, with Naked Neck displaying the highest (p < 0.05) fold change in IGF-1 expression compared to other genotypes. The study recognized in the Naked Neck genotype to possess higher resilience in maintaining homoeostasis and uncompromised growth under heat stress, providing valuable insights for sustainable poultry farming in challenging environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hemanth
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - S Venugopal
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - C Devaraj
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Audugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - C G Shashank
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Audugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - P Ponnuvel
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - P K Mandal
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - V Sejian
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Audugodi, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Yilmaz E, Gul M. Effects of essential oils on heat-stressed poultry: A review. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 38808374 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
While certain animal species are sensitive to heat stress, poultry particularly modern breeds, are more susceptible to high ambient temperatures. This has major implications for the poultry industry, as heat stress causes large financial losses. These economic losses will probably increase as a consequence of a predicted rise in global temperatures. Heat stress adversely affects various aspects of poultry, including physiological responses, growth and production performance, meat quality, egg quality, and reproductive activities. These effects occur through specific molecular and metabolic pathways. To mitigate the impacts of heat stress, it is crucial to go beyond administrative practices and implement dietary interventions during high ambient temperature. Such interventions aim to optimize the development of stressed bird species in terms of performance, health, and profitability. Essential oils have shown promising in mitigating the negative effects of heat stress and improved antioxidant status, growth and yield performance, as well as meat and egg quality in poultry. They actively participate in certain metabolic and molecular pathways that help to counteract the effects of heat stress. The article discusses the impacts of essential oil supplementation on the relationships between antioxidant enzyme activity, these molecular, and metabolic pathways, as well as various parameters such as growth and yield performance, and product quality heat-stressed poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Yilmaz
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Türkiye
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Stelios V, Ilias G, Ioannis P, Christos A, Elias P, Paschalis F. Effect of three different insect larvae on growth performance and antioxidant activity of thigh, breast, and liver tissues of chickens reared under mild heat stress. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:80. [PMID: 38358592 PMCID: PMC10869369 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03923-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of insect-based diets to mitigate heat stress impact on broiler chickens, focusing on growth performance and antioxidant stability. Four dietary groups were examined, including a control and three treated groups with Tenebrio molitor (TM), Hermetia illucens (HI), and Zophobas morio (ZM) larvae, respectively, at a 5% replacement ratio. Temperature and relative humidity of the poultry house were monitored. Under heat stress conditions, the HI-fed group consistently exhibited the highest body weight, demonstrating their remarkable growth-promoting potential. TM-fed broilers also displayed commendable growth compared to the control. Insect larvae inclusion in the diet improved feed intake during early growth stages, indicating their positive influence on nutrient utilization. Regarding antioxidant stability, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the liver, an oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation marker, were significantly lower in the TM-fed group, suggesting reduced oxidative stress. While the specific insect-based diet did not significantly affect MDA levels in thigh and breast tissues, variations in the total phenolic content (TPC) were observed across tissues, with HI larvae significantly increasing it in the breast. However, the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) levels did not differ significantly among dietary groups in the examined tissues. Results suggest that insect-based diets enhance broiler growth and potentially reduce oxidative stress, particularly in the liver. Dietary presence of bioactive compounds may contribute to these benefits. Further research is required to fully elucidate the mechanisms underlying these findings. Insect-based diets seem to offer promise as feed additives in addressing the multifaceted challenges of oxidative stress and enhancing broiler health and resilience under heat stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilopoulos Stelios
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, PC, Greece
| | - Giannenas Ilias
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, PC, Greece.
| | - Panitsidis Ioannis
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, PC, Greece
| | - Athanassiou Christos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture, Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Phytokou Str., 38446, Volos, N. Ionia, Greece
| | - Papadopoulos Elias
- Laboratory of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Fortomaris Paschalis
- Laboratory of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Farghly M, Mahrose K, Ahmad E, Abougabal M, Taboosha M, Mekawy A, Abd-Elwahab AE, Abd El-Razik N, Galal A. Wet feed and chilled water as stratigies to ameliorate heat stress impacts in growing turkeys during summer conditions. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:2367-2375. [PMID: 35767288 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2091585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The researchers investigated wet feed and chilled water effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and physiologic responses of native turkeys during the summer season. We hypothesized that the present treatments during the hot season would show different performances. A total of 180 four-week-old unsexed pullets were divided into six groups in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Pullets were allocated regarding feed conditions to 3 groups (ad libitum dry feed, ad libitum wet feed, and diurnal wet feed). Each group was divided into 2 subgroups according to water temperature (ordinary or chilled water; 15-16 °C). Pullets fed diurnal wet feed and drank chilled water had the highest daily feed intake and the lowest feed conversion ratio during 4-16 weeks of age. Abdominal fat, IgG level and body temperature were low, whereas total antioxidant capacity and the meat quality scores for color, juiciness, and susceptibility were high in turkeys that drank chilled water. The interaction between wet feed and water temperature showed significant changes in glucose, cholesterol levels, and alanine transaminase activity. Pullets fed diurnal wet feed and drank chilled water had the lowest body temperatures. Wet feeding and chilled water may be the appropriate feeding method for native turkeys raised in hot weather.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Farghly
- Poultry Production Department, Agriculture College, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Khalid Mahrose
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Technology and Development, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Enas Ahmad
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Agriculture College, Beni-Sueif University, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abougabal
- Animal Production Department, Agriculture College, Al-Azher University, Egypt
| | - Mossad Taboosha
- Animal Production Department, Agriculture College, Al-Azher University, Egypt
| | - Aml Mekawy
- Poultry Production Department, Agriculture College, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | | | - Nahla Abd El-Razik
- Animal Production Research Institute, Minstry of Agriculture, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali Galal
- Poultry Production Department, Agriculture College, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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5
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Almeida AR, Morita VS, Matos Junior JB, Sgavioli S, Vicentini TI, Boleli IC. Long-Lasting Effects of Incubation Temperature During Fetal Development on Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue of Broilers. Front Physiol 2022; 13:913496. [PMID: 35734000 PMCID: PMC9207451 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.913496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that fetal programming may cause permanent effects on offspring adipose tissue and body composition. Previous study showed reduction in newly-hatched broiler chick adiposity by manipulating incubation temperature during fetal development. The present study examined whether incubation temperature during fetal development has long-term effects on post-hatching fat deposition in broilers. Broiler breeder eggs (Cobb-500®) were incubated under constant low (36°C, LT), control (37.5°C, CT) or high (39°C, HT) temperature from day 13 onward, giving to eggshell temperature of 37.3 ± 0.08°C, 37.8 ± 0.2°C, and 38.8 ± 0.3°C, respectively. Male chicks were reared under recommended temperatures until 42 days old. LT 21 days old broilers exhibited higher blood cholesterol than CT broilers, and higher triglycerids, VLDL, and LDL, and lower HDL than CT and HT broilers. LT broilers presented higher liver cholesterol than CT broilers and lower ether extract percentage than CT broilers. Adipocyte count was lower in the abdomen than in the thigh. Until day 21 of age, feed intake was higher in LT than in HT broilers. At day 42 of age, blood cholesterol and LDL were higher in HT broilers than in CT and LT broilers. Liver cholesterol was higher in LT than in HT broilers. LT treatment reduced neck and increased thigh adipocyte size compared to CT treatment, while the HT treatment reduced abdomen and neck adipocyte size compared to other two treatments and in the thigh compared to LT treatment. In CT broilers, thigh adipocytes were smaller than abdomen and neck adipocytes. HT treatment increased adipocyte number per area in the neck compared to LT and CT treatment, and LT and HT treatments reduced adipocyte count in the thigh compared to CT treatment. CT broilers presented higher adipocyte count in the thigh than the abdomen and neck, while HT broilers presented higher adipocyte count in the neck than the abdomen and thigh. Cell proliferation was lower in the abdomen than in the thigh. The results show incubation temperature manipulation during fetal development has long-term and distinct effects on regional adiposity, and can be used to modulate broiler fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla R. Almeida
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviane S. Morita
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Tamiris I. Vicentini
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel C. Boleli
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, Faculty of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Sao Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Isabel C. Boleli,
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Miao QX, Si XY, Xie YJ, Chen L, Tang XF, Zhang HF. Acute heat stress alters the expression of genes and proteins associated with the unfolded protein response pathway in the liver of broilers. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:125-132. [PMID: 34477026 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1969644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of acute heat stress on serum hormone levels and the expression of genes and proteins related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and apoptotic process in the liver of broilers.2. A total of 144 Arbor Acres broilers (35-d-old) were randomly allocated to 4 different environmental-controlled chambers for acute heat exposure. The temperature of the 4 environmental chambers was adjusted to 26°C (control), 29°C, 32°C, and 35°C within 1 h, respectively. The blood and liver samples were collected after 6 h of constant heat exposure at set temperatures.3. The results showed that 6 h of acute heat stress increased serum hormone levels and up-regulated the expression of heat shock protein. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, GRP78 and GRP94, in the liver of broilers were significantly upregulated at the mRNA and protein levels. The PERK, IRE1, and XBP1 genes, which are involved in the unfolded protein response signalling, were significantly up-regulated at the mRNA levels. However, other pro-apoptotic genes showed no significant changes in the liver of broiler chickens in all groups except for upregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene BCL-xl.4. The results suggested that broilers have tolerance to acute heat stress to a certain extent. The UPR activation can alleviate ER stress and further prevent apoptosis in the liver of broilers under short-term exposure to high ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q X Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Y Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y J Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X F Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - H F Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Khidr RE, Paswan VK, Ibrahim NS, El-Ghoul AA, Aldhumri SA, Gabr SA, Mesalam NM, Elbaz AM, Elsayed MA, Wakwak MM, Ebeid TA. Nutritional manipulation to combat heat stress in poultry - A comprehensive review. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102915. [PMID: 34016342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Global warming and climate change adversely affect livestock and poultry production sectors under tropical and subtropical conditions. Heat stress is amongst the most significant stressors influencing poultry productivity in hot climate regions, causing substantial economic losses in poultry industry. These economic losses are speculated to increase in the coming years with the rise of global temperature. Moreover, modern poultry strains are more susceptible to high ambient temperature. Heat stress has negative effects on physiological response, growth performance and laying performance, which appeared in the form of reducing feed consumption, body weight gain, egg production, feed efficiency, meat quality, egg quality and immune response. Numerous practical procedures were used to ameliorate the negative impacts of increased temperature; among them the dietary manipulation, which gains a great concern in different regions around the world. These nutritional manipulations are feed additives (natural antioxidants, minerals, electrolytes, phytobiotics, probiotics, fat, and protein), feed restriction, feed form, drinking cold water and others. However, in the large scale of poultry industry, only a few of these strategies are commonly used. The current review article deliberates the different practical applications of useful nutritional manipulations to mitigate the heat load in poultry. The documented information will be useful to poultry producers to improve the general health status and productivity of heat-stressed birds via enhancing stress tolerance, oxidative status and immune response, and thereby provide recommendations to minimize production losses due to heat stress in particular under the growing global warming crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt; Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | | | - Vinod K Paswan
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Abdelkawy A El-Ghoul
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Sami Ali Aldhumri
- Department of Biology, Khurmah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah A Gabr
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt; Department of Biology, Khurmah University College, Taif University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noura M Mesalam
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | | | - Mohamed A Elsayed
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Magda M Wakwak
- Biological Application Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal 13759, Egypt
| | - Tarek A Ebeid
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt; Department of Animal Production and Breeding, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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Elbaz AM, Ibrahim NS, Shehata AM, Mohamed NG, Abdel-Moneim AME. Impact of multi-strain probiotic, citric acid, garlic powder or their combinations on performance, ileal histomorphometry, microbial enumeration and humoral immunity of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:115. [PMID: 33438056 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress, one of the critical obstacles to poultry sector in subtropical and tropical countries, reduces performance, immune response, and animal welfare. This study examined the effect of dietary inclusion of probiotic (PRO), citric acid (CIT), garlic powder (GAR) or their combinations on growth, blood constituents, ileal microflora and morphology and humoral immunity of broiler chickens subjected to cyclic heat stress. Four hundred ninety one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 7 groups with 7 replicates of 10 birds each as follows: control (C) group received the basal diet without supplements, PRO, CIT and GAR groups supplemented with 0.5 g kg-1 multi-strain probiotic mixture (MPM), citric acid and garlic powder, respectively. PRO-CIT and PRO-GAR groups treated with 0.5 g kg-1 MPM, and 0.5 g kg-1 citric acid and garlic powder, while CIT-GAR group fed diet with 0.5 g kg-1 of citric acid and garlic powder. Results revealed that dietary supplements and their combinations improved (P < 0.001) growth performance and decreased abdominal fat of heat-stressed birds. Dietary supplements decreased (P < 0.01) serum concentrations of cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL, while HDL was elevated (P < 0.05). Feed additives reduced (P < 0.01) ileal enumeration of Escherichia coli and total coliform while Lactobacillus count was increased (P < 0.05) only in MPM-enriched groups. Supplementation of these natural products improved (P < 0.01) ileal architecture while humoral immune response was not significantly influenced except antibody titre against Newcastle disease virus which was increased (P < 0.05) in MPM-supplemented groups. Conclusively, addition of the dietary supplements and their combinations, particularly, probiotic and citric acid combination can improve productive performance, and intestinal flora and histomorphometry of broilers exposed to cyclic heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt.,Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Noureldeen G Mohamed
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt.
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Miao Q, Si X, Xie Y, Chen L, Liu Z, Liu L, Tang X, Zhang H. Effects of acute heat stress at different ambient temperature on hepatic redox status in broilers. Poult Sci 2020; 99:4113-4122. [PMID: 32867954 PMCID: PMC7598013 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different acute high ambient temperatures on redox status in liver of broilers. A total of 144 35-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates of 6 birds each and subsequently distributed in different environment chambers for acute heat stress. The temperature of 4 environment chambers were set to 26°C (control), 29°C, 32°C, 35°C for 6 h, respectively. Various indicators were tested to evaluate hepatic redox status. Then, the hallmarks of hepatocellular antioxidant and apoptosis were measured by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The results showed that with the ambient temperature increase (i) the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and protein carbonyl (PC) in the liver of broilers increased significantly (P < 0.05), but the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was not affected; (ii) the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) increased significantly (P < 0.05). Similarly, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) had an increasing tendency (P = 0.07), and the content of the reduced glutathione (GSH) was also significantly increased (P < 0.05) under high temperature; (iii) the heat shock protein (HSP70), nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and other antioxidant gene (HO-1, NQO1, GCLc, GST, SOD1, SOD2, CAT, Prx3) were upregulated in broilers liver. Moreover, the protein level of HSP70, Nrf2, and Prx3 were also upregulated; (iv) high temperature upregulated the antiapoptotic gene expression (BCL-2); however, the proapoptotic genes (BAK1, caspase-3, and caspase-9) did not change significantly; meanwhile, there was no significant changes in the protein level of caspase-3 and caspase-9. The results of this study indicated that 35-day-old Arbor Acres broilers have a certain tolerance to oxidative stress induced by high ambient temperature. Six hours of acute heat stress-activated Nrf2 signaling pathway. Meanwhile, the expression of related antioxidant genes and proteins is upregulated, consequently resulted in increased antioxidant enzymes activity and GSH. These effects enable the body to scavenge large amounts of reactive oxygen species produced by high temperature and prevent the occurrence of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueyang Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanjiao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Alabi O, Shoyombo A, Jegede S, Oluba O, Akpor O. Rural production of tropically adapted breeds of chickens in rural areas of Kwara state, Nigeria. POTRAVINARSTVO 2019. [DOI: 10.5219/1199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken keeping is a common thing with most household in rural areas of Nigeria. The birds are raised under extensive system of production with little or no feed provided by the farmers for the birds, hence there is the need to compare the rate of egg production of six different breeds of chickens reared under the same conditions in the rural areas. Twelve villages were randomly selected from the long list of villages in Kwara, 20 households per village and 4 villages per senatorial district, with a total coverage of 240 households for the study. The birds that were used for the study were indigenous chicken (Fulani), improved indigenous chickens (Shika Brown, Funaab Alpha and Noiler) and imported tropically adapted birds (Sasso and Kuroiler). Thirty six weeks old pre-vaccinated and brooded chickens of different breeds given to the farmers were managed under the traditional poultry scavenging system in all the three senatorial districts. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the comparison between districts and breeds. There were no significant differences in egg production per senatorial district, egg production from different breeds and production from different senatorial districts remained averagely low. Low egg production by all the breeds showed that scavenging way of rural chicken production should be improved on for better productivity. This can be achieved through supplemental feed formulated and produced from locally available feed ingredients for the chickens.
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Prakash B, Verma SK, Rama Rao SV, Raju MVLN, Paul SS, Kannan A, Mishra S, Singh V, Sankhyan V. Feeding status of free-range scavenging chickens in different agro-climatic regions of India. Br Poult Sci 2019; 61:26-32. [PMID: 31573327 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2019.1671956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
1. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritional status of backyard chickens reared under 4 different agro-climatic conditions (tropical, humid subtropical, cool-temperate and semi-arid) of India during different seasons of the year and to compare their nutritional status with those reared under confined feeding system (CFS). In each season, 15 adult and 15 grower chickens were slaughtered for collecting content of crop and gizzard to assess the nutritional status from different agro-climatic conditions.2. The dry matter content of crop and gizzard was higher (P < 0.01) in chickens reared under backyard conditions compared to those reared under CFS.3. Higher (P < 0.01) crop and gizzard contents were recorded during winter compared to the rainy season. The proportion of grains in the crop during summer and winter season was higher compared to rainy season. Further, there were more insects present in the crop during the rainy season and winter compared to summer.4. The proportion of insects was higher in chickens reared in humid, subtropical and cool temperate regions compared to semi-arid conditions. The consumption of grasses was higher in cool-temperate regions as compared to those reared under other areas.5. Crude protein (CP), Ca, P and gross energy (GE) content of the crop were higher in chickens reared under CFS compared to those reared in backyard systems and CP in the crop contents was lower in backyard chickens reared in humid subtropical and semi-arid regions compared to other areas. Similarly, lower (P < 0.01) Ca levels were seen in crop and gizzard contents from birds reared in semi-arid Rajasthan, and P and GE were lower in tropical wet and dry Telangana (TWT) compared to the chickens reared in the backyard conditions in other regions.6. Based on the results, the nutrient intake for birds utilising the scavenging feed resource base (SFRB) in the TWT region was below the requirements of backyard chickens from the other regions selected in the present study. GE and CP were critically deficient in the SFRB of the TWT region. Therefore, evolving location-specific supplementary diets using locally available feed resources to meet nutrient requirement of backyard chickens is required for optimising production potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Prakash
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S K Verma
- Animal Nutrition, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut Cantt, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S V Rama Rao
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - M V L N Raju
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S S Paul
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Kannan
- Nutrition Laboratory, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - S Mishra
- Department of Animal Production, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - V Singh
- Animal Science Division, ICAR Research complex for NEH region Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, Agartala, India
| | - V Sankhyan
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, GCN Veterinary College Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Orhan C, Tuzcu M, Deeh PBD, Sahin N, Komorowski JR, Sahin K. Organic Chromium Form Alleviates the Detrimental Effects of Heat Stress on Nutrient Digestibility and Nutrient Transporters in Laying Hens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:529-537. [PMID: 30132119 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1485-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the effects of chromium-picolinate (CrPic) and chromium-histidinate (CrHis) on nutrient digestibility and nutrient transporters in laying hens exposed to heat stress (HS). Hens (n = 1800; 16 weeks old) were kept in cages in temperature-controlled rooms at either 22 ± 2 °C for 24 h/day (thermoneutral (TN)) or 34 ± 2 °C for 8 h/day, from 08:00 to 17:00, followed by 22 °C for 16 h (HS) for 12 weeks. Hens reared under both environmental conditions were fed one of three diets: a basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with either 1.600 mg of CrPic (12.43% Cr) or 0.788 mg of CrHis (25.22% Cr) per kg of diet, delivering 200 μg elemental Cr per kg of diet. HS impaired the nutrient digestibility and nutrient transports in laying hens (P < 0.001). However, both Cr sources increased digestibility of dry matter (DM; P < 0.001), organic matter (OM; P < 0.05), crude protein (CP; P < 0.001), and crude fat (CF; P < 0.001). Both Cr sources partially alleviated detrimental effects of HS on fatty acid-binding and transport protein1 (FABP1, FATP1), glucose (SGLT1, GLUT1, GLUT10), protein (PepT1, PepT2), and amino acid transporters (ASCT1, bo,+AT1, CAT1, EAAT1, LAT1) of the ileum (P < 0.0001). The efficacy of Cr as CrHis was more notable than Cr as CrPic, which could be attributed to higher bioavailability. Finally, the detrimental effects of HS on nutrient digestibility and nutrient transporters were alleviated by CrPic and CrHis. These findings may justify the use of CrPic and CrHis in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tuzcu
- Division of Biology, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Patrick Brice Defo Deeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang, P.O. BOX 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Nurhan Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Kazim Sahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Firat University, 23119, Elazig, Turkey.
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13
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Lu Z, He XF, Ma BB, Zhang L, Li JL, Jiang Y, Zhou GH, Gao F. The alleviative effects and related mechanisms of taurine supplementation on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers exposed to chronic heat stress. Poult Sci 2019; 98:878-886. [PMID: 30239846 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the alleviative effects and molecular mechanisms of taurine supplementation on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers exposed to chronic heat stress, 144 male Arbor Acres broilers (28 d old) were randomly distributed to positive control (PC, 22°C, basal diet), heat stress (HS, consistent 32°C, basal diet), or heat stress + taurine (HS + T, consistent 32°C, basal diet + 5.00 g/kg taurine) groups, with 6 cages per group and 8 birds per cage. Chronic heat stress significantly decreased body weight, average daily gain, and average daily feed intake, and increased cloacal temperature and feed conversion ratio (FCR, P < 0.05). Though taurine supplementation tended to decrease the FCR in the HS + T group compared with the HS group after 14 d of heat exposure (P = 0.071), there were no significant alleviative effects of taurine supplementation on the increased cloacal temperature and decreased growth performance in chronic heat-stressed broilers (P > 0.05). After 7 and 14 d of heat exposure, taurine supplementation significantly increased the proportion of breast muscle and hormone-sensitive lipase activity in the abdominal fat (P < 0.05), and decreased the mRNA expressions of muscle atrophy F-box protein (MAFbx) and muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MuRF1) in breast muscle compared with the HS group (P < 0.05). After 7 d of heat exposure, taurine supplementation significantly increased serum non-esterified fatty acid concentration (P < 0.05), and decreased the mRNA expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1c (ACC) and muscular isoform of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (M-CPT1) compared with the HS group (P < 0.05). In addition, the mRNA expressions of M-CPT1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70 kDa (p70S6K) in the HS + T group were significantly higher than those of the other two groups after 14 d of heat exposure (P < 0.05). In conclusion, taurine supplementation can improve carcass characteristics of chronic heat-stressed broilers by facilitating lipolysis for energy, enhancing protein synthesis, and suppressing protein degradation of the breast muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - X F He
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - B B Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - L Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - J L Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
| | - G H Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - F Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Shao D, Wang Q, Hu Y, Shi S, Tong H. Effects of cyclic heat stress on the phenotypic response, meat quality and muscle glycolysis of breasts and thighs of yellow-feather broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1520051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Shao
- Department of Poultry Feed and Nutrition, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Poultry Feed and Nutrition, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yan Hu
- Department of Poultry Feed and Nutrition, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shourong Shi
- Department of Poultry Feed and Nutrition, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haibing Tong
- Department of Poultry Feed and Nutrition, Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, China
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15
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Habashy WS, Milfort MC, Adomako K, Attia YA, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Effect of heat stress on amino acid digestibility and transporters in meat-type chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 96:2312-2319. [PMID: 28339933 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of heat stress (HS) on performance, digestibility, and molecular transporters of amino acids in broilers. Cobb 500 chicks were raised from hatch till 13 d in floor pens. At d 14, 48 birds were randomly and equally divided between a control group (25°C) and a HS treatment group (35°C). Birds in both treatment classes were individually caged and fed ad libitum on a diet containing 18.7% CP and 3,560 Kcal ME/Kg. Five birds per treatment at one and 12 d post treatment were euthanized and the Pectoralis major (P. major) and ileum were sampled for gene expression analysis. At d 33, ileal contents were collected and used for digestibility analysis. Broilers under HS had reduced growth and feed intake compared to controls. Although the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) was consistently higher for all amino acids in the HS group, it was not significant except for hydroxylysine. The amino acid consumption and retention were significantly lower in the HS group when compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the retention of amino acids per BWG was higher in the HS group when compared to the control group except for hydroxylysine and ornithine. The dynamics of amino acid transporters in the P. major and ileum was influenced by HS. In P. major and ileum tissues at d one, transporters SNAT1, SNAT2, SNAT7, TAT1, and b0,+AT, were down-regulated in the HS group. Meanwhile, LAT4 and B0AT were down-regulated only in the P. major in the treatment group. The amino acid transporters B0AT and SNAT7 at d 12 post HS were down-regulated in the P. major and ileum, but SNAT2 was down-regulated only in the ileum and TAT1 was down-regulated only in the P. major compared with the control group. These changes in amino acid transporters may explain the reduced growth in meat type chickens under heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- W S Habashy
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.,Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behira, Egypt
| | - M C Milfort
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - K Adomako
- Department of Animal Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Y A Attia
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behira, Egypt.,Arid Land Agriculture Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - R Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
| | - S E Aggrey
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602
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Lu Z, He X, Ma B, Zhang L, Li J, Jiang Y, Zhou G, Gao F. Chronic Heat Stress Impairs the Quality of Breast-Muscle Meat in Broilers by Affecting Redox Status and Energy-Substance Metabolism. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:11251-11258. [PMID: 29212325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the molecular mechanisms by which chronic heat stress impairs the breast-meat quality of broilers. Broilers were assigned to three groups: the normal control (NC) group, heat-stress (HS) group, and pair-fed (PF) group. After 7 days of heat exposure (32 °C), the high temperature had caused oxidative stress; elevated the activity of citrate synthase (CS), the mRNA expression of M-CPT1, and the phosphorylation level of AMPKα; and reduced the mRNA expression of avUCP. After 14 days of heat exposure, the heat stress had increased the lightness and drip loss and decreased the pH and shear force of the breast meat. Additionally, the heat exposure had increased the mRNA expressions of FAS, ACC, and PDK4; the content of lipids; and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase, and it had decreased the mRNA expression of M-CPT1 and the activity of CS. In conclusion, chronic heat stress impairs meat quality by causing mitochondria to malfunction and affecting energy-substance aerobic metabolism, resulting in increased glycolysis and intramuscular fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Yun Jiang
- Ginling College, Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210097, P.R. China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing 210095, P.R. China
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17
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Habashy WS, Milfort MC, Fuller AL, Attia YA, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Effect of heat stress on protein utilization and nutrient transporters in meat-type chickens. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2017; 61:2111-2118. [PMID: 28799035 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-017-1414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of heat stress (HS) on digestibility of protein and fat and the expression of nutrient transporters in broilers. Forty-eight male Cobb500 chicks were used in this study. At day 14, birds were randomly divided into two groups and kept under either constant normal temperature (25 °C) or high temperature (35 °C) in individual cages. Five birds per treatment at 1 and 12 days post-treatment were euthanized, and Pectoralis major (P. major) and ileum were sampled for gene expression analysis. At day 33, ileal contents were collected and used for digestibility analysis. The total consumption and retention of protein and fat were significantly lower in the HS group compared to the control group. Meanwhile, the retention of crude protein per BWG was significantly higher in the HS group compared to the control group. In P. major and ileum tissues at day 1, transporters FATP1 and SGLT1 were down-regulated in the HS group. Meanwhile, FABP1 and PepT1 were down-regulated only in the ileum of the HS group. The converse was shown in P. major. The nutrient transporter FABP1 at day 12 post-HS was down-regulated in the P. major and ileum, but GLUT1 and PepT2 were down-regulated only in the ileum, and PepT1 was down-regulated only in the P. major compared with the control group. These changes in nutrient transporters suggest that high ambient temperature might change the ileum and P. major lipids, glucose, and oligopeptide transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid S Habashy
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behira, Egypt
| | - Marie C Milfort
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Alberta L Fuller
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Youssef A Attia
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Al-Behira, Egypt
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Samuel E Aggrey
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
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