1
|
Gómez-Sánchez L, González-Falcon D, Llamas-Ramos R, Rodríguez MC, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Ortiz L, Llamas-Ramos I, Gómez-Sánchez M, Gómez-Marcos MA. The Relationship between Healthy Vascular Aging with the Mediterranean Diet and Other Lifestyles in the Spanish Population: The EVA Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2565. [PMID: 39125444 PMCID: PMC11314054 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between healthy vascular aging (HVA) and the Mediterranean diet alongside other lifestyles in a Spanish population aged 35 to 75 years without previous cardiovascular diseases. METHODS In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 501 individuals aged 35 to 75 years were recruited from five health centers by random sampling stratified by age and sex (55.90 ± 14.24 years, 49.70% men). HVA was determined in two steps. Step 1: Subjects with vascular damage to the carotid arteries or peripheral arterial disease were classified as non-HVA. Step 2: The study population was classified by age and sex using the percentiles of the vascular aging index (VAI), with VAI ≤p25 considered HVA and >p25 considered non-HVA. The VAI was estimated using the following formula (VAI = (log (1.09) × 10 cIMT + log (1.14) cfPWV) × 39.1 + 4.76. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was measured with the SphygmoCor® device, and carotid intima-media thickness using Sonosite Micromax® ultrasound. Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, alcohol and tobacco use were recorded through validated questionnaires. Physical activity was assessed with the ActiGraph-GT3X® accelerometer. RESULTS The mean VAI value was 61.23 ± 12.86 (men-63.47 ± 13.75 and women-59.04 ± 11.54; p < 0.001). HVA was found in 18.9% (men-19.9% and women-17.8%). In the multiple regression analysis after adjusting for possible confounding factors, the mean VAI value showed a positive association with alcohol use (β = 0.020) and sedentary hours per week (β = 0.109) and a negative association with hours of activity per week (β = -0.102) and with the number of healthy lifestyles (β = -0.640). In the logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for possible confounding factors and compared to those classified as non-HVA, subjects classified as HVA were more likely to show MD adherence (OR = 0.571), do more than 26 h per week of physical activity (OR = 1.735), spend under 142 h per week being sedentary (OR = 1.696), and have more than two healthy lifestyles (OR = 1.877). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that the more time spent doing physical activity and the less time spent in a sedentary state, the lower the vascular aging index and the greater the likelihood of being classified in the group of subjects with HVA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Emergency Service, University Hospital of La Paz P. of Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain;
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
| | - David González-Falcon
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Rocío Llamas-Ramos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Cortés Rodríguez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Department of Statistics, University of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Inés Llamas-Ramos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Home Hospitalization Service, Marqués of Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Centre of San Juan, Av. Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (D.G.-F.); (R.L.-R.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.G.-S.)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Primary Healthcare Management, Castilla y León Regional Health Authority (SACyL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gonçalves C, Bravo J, Pais J, Abreu A, Raimundo A. Improving Health Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease Patients with Short-Term Protocols of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training: A Community-Based Randomized Controlled Trial. Cardiovasc Ther 2023; 2023:6297302. [PMID: 38146531 PMCID: PMC10749735 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6297302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that the higher the aerobic capacity, the lower the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In the case of cardiac patients, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) seems to be more effective than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) in improving aerobic capacity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two community-based exercise programs using two short-term protocols (HIIT and MICT) on physical fitness and physical activity (PA) levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods. In this randomized controlled trial, body composition, aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and daily PA levels were assessed before and after 6 weeks of intervention in 69 patients diagnosed with CAD. All patients were randomly (1 : 1 : 1) assigned to two exercise groups (HIIT or MICT) or a control group (no exercise). Both training programs consisted of 6 weeks of supervised treadmill exercise, three sessions per week. MICT targeted ≈70-75% of peak heart rate (HR), while HIIT aimed for ≈85-95% of peak HR. The control group only followed the medical recommendations. Results. Community-based exercise programs showed more positive effects on physical fitness variables and physical activity levels compared to control. HIIT could significantly improve waist circumference, body fat mass, VO2peak, sedentary behavior, and moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to MICT. Moreover, the control group showed poorer results. Conclusion. HIIT can improve health outcomes more positively than MICT and control. These findings indicate that HIIT may be an alternative and effective training method in community-based exercise programs for CAD patients. This trial is registered with NCT03538119.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Gonçalves
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
| | - Jorge Bravo
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
| | - João Pais
- Department of Cardiology, Espírito Santo Hospital of Évora, 7000-811 Évora, Portugal
| | - Ana Abreu
- Department of Cardiology, Santa Maria Hospital, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Armando Raimundo
- Department of Sports and Health, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7000-727 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gómez-Sánchez L, Gómez-Sánchez M, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, Lugones-Sánchez C, Tamayo-Morales O, Gonzalez-Sánchez S, de Cabo-Laso A, García-Ortiz L, Gómez-Marcos MA. Association of Accelerometer-Measured Sedentary Time and Physical Activity with Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging in the General Spanish Population, Analyzed by Sex. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:318. [PMID: 39076448 PMCID: PMC11272887 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2411318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In this study we analyzed the association between physical activity and sedentary lifestyle with vascular aging in Spanish populations aged 35-75 years. Methods A cross-sectional study was developed, in which 501 subjects aged 35-75 years were recruited. Physical activity and sedentary time were measured with an accelerometer (Actigraph GTX3) for a week. We measured carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) by a Sphygmo Cor® device and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) by ultrasound (Sonosite Micromax®). The vascular aging index (VAI) was calculated as described in the literature. Vascular aging was defined considering the 25th and 75th percentiles by age and sex of cfPWV and VAI, presence of vascular injury, type-2 diabetes mellitus or arterial hypertension. Individuals were classified into three groups: healthy, normal, and early vascular aging. Results The mean age of the sample was 55.90 ± 14.24 years, 50% being women. Total physical activity was negatively associated with cfPWV ( β = -0.454) and VAI ( β = -1.845). Similarly, the number of steps per day obtained a negative association with cfPWV ( β = -0.052) and VAI ( β = -0.216), while sedentary time showed a positive association with cfPWV ( β = 0.028) and VAI ( β = 0.117). In the analysis by sex, the results showed similar values. The odds ratio (OR) of total physical activity of subjects classified as early vascular aging (EVA) with regarding those classified as healthy vascular aging (HVA) was 0.521 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.317 to 0.856) for cfPWV, and 0.565 (95% CI 0.324 to 0.986) for VAI. In terms of the number of steps per day, the OR was 0.931 (95% CI 0.875 to 0.992) for cfPWV and 0.916 (95% CI 0.847 to 0.990) for VAI and for sedentary time the OR was 1.042 (95% CI 1.011 to 1.073) for cfPWV and 1.037 (95% CI 1.003 to 1.072) for VAI. The OR of subjects classified as vigorous physical activity was 0.196 (95% CI 0.041 to 0.941) using cfPWV and 0.161 (95% CI 0.032 to 0.820) using VAI. In the analysis by sex, the results showed an association in men when cfPWV was used and an association in women when VAI was used to define vascular aging. Conclusions The results of this study indicate that the more time spent performing physical activity and the less sedentary time, the lower the arterial stiffness and the probability of developing early vascular aging. Clinical Trial Registration The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov (number: NCT02623894).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Marta Gómez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olaya Tamayo-Morales
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Gonzalez-Sánchez
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angela de Cabo-Laso
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Nurse, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Salamanca,
37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), Health Service of
Castile and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca (IBSAL), 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Research Network in Chronicity, Primary Care and Health Promotion
(RICAPPS) (RD21/0016), 28041 Barcelona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Länsitie M, Kangas M, Jokelainen J, Venojärvi M, Timonen M, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S, Korpelainen R. Cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality associated with accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary time ‒ a prospective population-based study in older adults. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:729. [PMID: 36064345 PMCID: PMC9446693 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low levels of physical activity (PA) and high sedentary time (ST) are common in older adults and lack of PA is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Knowledge about associations with accelerometer-measured PA, ST and CVD risk in older adults is insufficient. This study examines the associations of accelerometer-measured PA and ST with cardiovascular risk measured using the Framingham risk score (FRS) and all-cause mortality in older adults. Methods A population-based sample of 660 (277 men, 383 women) older people (mean age 68.9) participated in the Oulu45 cohort study from 2013‒2015. PA and ST were measured with wrist-worn accelerometers at baseline for two weeks. Ten-year CVD risk (%) was estimated with FRS. The data for all-cause mortality were identified from the Digital and Population Data Services Agency, Finland after an average of 6.2 years follow-up. The associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity (LPA), ST and FRS were analyzed using the multivariable linear regression analysis. Associations between LPA, ST and mortality were analyzed using the Cox proportional-hazard regression models. Results Each 10 min increase in MVPA (β = -0.779, 95% CI -1.186 to -0.371, p < 0.001) and LPA (β = -0.293, 95% CI -0.448 to -0.138, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with FRS while a 10 min increase in ST (β = 0.290, 95% CI 0.158 to 0.421, p < 0.001) was positively associated with FRS. After adjustment for waist circumference, only ST was significantly associated with FRS. Each 10 min increase in LPA was associated with 6.5% lower all-cause mortality risk (HR = 0.935, 95% CI 0.884 to 0.990, p = 0.020) and each 10 min increase in ST with 5.6% increased mortality risk (HR = 1.056, 95% CI 1.007 to 1.108, p = 0.025). Conclusion A higher amount of daily physical activity, at any intensity level, and avoidance of sedentary time are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in older people. Higher time spent in light physical activity and lower sedentary time are associated with lower all-cause mortality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miia Länsitie
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Albertinkatu 18 A, 90100, Oulu, Finland. .,Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. .,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Maarit Kangas
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Arctic Biobank, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jari Jokelainen
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Arctic Biobank, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of General Practice, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Mika Venojärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Timonen
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Healthcare and Social Services of Selänne, Pyhäjärvi, Finland
| | - Raija Korpelainen
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Oulu Deaconess Institute Foundation sr., Albertinkatu 18 A, 90100, Oulu, Finland.,Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Llamas-Ramos I, Llamas-Ramos R, Alonso-Domínguez R, Gómez-Sánchez L, Tamayo-Morales O, Lugones-Sánchez C, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Ortiz L, Gómez-Marcos MA. Sedentary Behaviour and Its Relationship with Early Vascular Ageing in the General Spanish Population: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19095450. [PMID: 35564843 PMCID: PMC9101612 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Sedentary behaviour is associated with a greater predisposition to developing cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between sedentary time and early vascular ageing. A total of 501 participants (49.70% men) were recruited through random sampling stratified by age group and sex. Vascular ageing was evaluated considering three criteria: (1) the vascular ageing index (VAI); (2) the carotid−femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) 10th and 90th percentiles of the reference values in the European population by age; and (3) the Framingham’s heart age. The carotid intima−media thickness was measured using a Sonosite Micromaxx ultrasound, the presence of peripheral artery disease was assessed by calculating the ankle−brachial index using a VaSera VS-1500, and the cfPWV was measured with a SphygmoCor® device. Weekly sedentary hours were evaluated through a sitting time questionnaire. The average age of the population was 55.90 ± 14.24 years. The men spent more hours sitting per week (47.6 ± 16.6 vs. 36.8 ± 17.3 h/W), at work (16.7 ± 16.2 vs. 9.73 ± 14.9 h/W), and watching TV (21.6 ± 12.5 vs. 18.7 ± 11.9 h/W). In the logistic regression analysis, the individuals with early vascular aging (EVA), with respect to those with healthy vascular aging (HVA), spent more hours sitting per week (OR = 1.03 vs. OR = 1.02; p < 0.05) and watching TV (OR = 1.03 vs. OR = 1.03; p < 0.05), using the criteria of the European guideline and VAI, and more hours sitting when commuting (OR = 1.04; p < 0.05), using Framingham’s heart age to define EVA. The results of this study indicate that sedentary time is associated with early vascular ageing. Therefore, reducing sedentary time would improve vascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Llamas-Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Health Service of Castilla and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-663005052
| | - Rocío Llamas-Ramos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rosario Alonso-Domínguez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Leticia Gómez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
| | - Olaya Tamayo-Morales
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
| | - Cristina Lugones-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
| | - Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Health Service of Castilla and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Luis García-Ortiz
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Health Service of Castilla and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Gómez-Marcos
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Care Research Unit of Salamanca (APISAL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain; (R.L.-R.); (R.A.-D.); (L.G.-S.); (O.T.-M.); (C.L.-S.); (E.R.-S.); (L.G.-O.); (M.A.G.-M.)
- Health Service of Castilla and Leon (SACyL), 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Reichel K, Prigge M, Latza U, Kurth T, Backé EM. Association of occupational sitting with cardiovascular outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review with a sex-sensitive/gender-sensitive perspective. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e048017. [PMID: 35135760 PMCID: PMC8830241 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sedentary behaviour is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular health. Although long periods of sedentary behaviour take place at work, evidence of the relationship between such occupational sitting and cardiometabolic health risks remains limited. This systematic review aimed to update the evidence on the associations of occupational sitting with cardiovascular outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors based on longitudinal studies. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING Workplace. POPULATION Employees aged 18-65 years. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES Primary outcomes were cardiovascular diseases and cardiometabolic risk markers. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. DATA SOURCES Ten databases, including PubMed, Web of Science and CINAHL (search January 2018, updated February 2019). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Data were screened, extracted and appraised by three independent reviewers following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. RESULTS Studies were markedly heterogeneous in terms of measurement of occupational sitting, cardiometabolic risk factors and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, so that standards were hardly identifiable and limiting the value of the evidence. The review included 27 high or acceptable quality publications. Of the eight high-quality publications from seven cohorts, three cohort studies found significant associations of occupational sitting with primary outcomes. Additionally, one study described an association with the secondary outcome. Another high-quality publication found an association between occupational sitting and ischaemic heart disease in a subgroup already at risk due to hypertension. For sex/gender analysis, 11 of the 27 high and acceptable quality publications reported sex-stratified results. Five of these found sex differences. CONCLUSIONS Evidence regarding the association of occupational sitting with cardiometabolic health risks was limited because of the lack of standardised measurements for occupational sitting. Occupational sitting combined with an overall sedentary lifestyle was associated with an elevated relative risk for several cardiometabolic outcomes. There is an urgent need for standardised measurements of occupational sitting to facilitate meta-analysis. Sex/gender aspects of this relationship require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Reichel
- Work and Health, Federal Office for Health and Safety in the Workplace Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michaela Prigge
- Work and Health, Federal Office for Health and Safety in the Workplace Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ute Latza
- Work and Health, Federal Office for Health and Safety in the Workplace Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Kurth
- Institute of Public Health, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Backé
- Work and Health, Federal Office for Health and Safety in the Workplace Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wagnild JM, Pollard TM. How is television time linked to cardiometabolic health in adults? A critical systematic review of the evidence for an effect of watching television on eating, movement, affect and sleep. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e040739. [PMID: 33952532 PMCID: PMC8103379 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve our understanding of how television (TV) time is linked to cardiometabolic health among adults by systematically and critically evaluating the evidence that watching TV is associated with increased food consumption, lack of movement or negative affect or affects subsequent sleep. DESIGN Systematic review. DATA SOURCES Web of Science and PubMed. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies that provided quantitative evidence on short-term associations of watching TV with dietary intake, characteristics of sitting, affect and sleep among samples of healthy adults (≥18 years old). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Study quality was assessed using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tools; studies deemed to be of low quality were excluded from the review. Due to heterogeneity of study designs and measurements, the findings were synthesised using narrative summary accompanied by custom plots. RESULTS We identified 31 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most of the associations reported by the studies included in this review were weak or inconsistent. There was no strong evidence to suggest that food consumption is higher while watching TV than in other contexts or that TV is a particularly 'sedentary' behaviour. Affect was less likely to be positive while watching TV than in other contexts but was not more likely to be negative. Two small studies suggest that TV may impact sleep via suppressing melatonin and delaying bedtime. CONCLUSION There is currently no strong evidence to suggest that TV might impact cardiometabolic health via increasing food consumption, being linked with prolonged/inactive sitting, affect or subsequent sleep. Additional research is required to understand how TV fits within everyday lives and relates to eating, sitting, affect and sleep to improve our understanding of how it might impact cardiometabolic health.
Collapse
|
8
|
Aunger J, Wagnild J. Objective and subjective measurement of sedentary behavior in human adults: A toolkit. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 34:e23546. [PMID: 33277954 PMCID: PMC9286366 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Objectives: Human biologists are increasingly interested in measuring and comparing physical activities in different societies. Sedentary behavior, which refers to time spent sitting or lying down while awake, is a large component of daily 24 hours movement patterns in humans and has been linked to poor health outcomes such as risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, independently of physical activity. As such, it is important for researchers, with the aim of measuring human movement patterns, to most effectively use resources available to them to capture sedentary behavior. METHODS This toolkit outlines objective (device-based) and subjective (self-report) methods for measuring sedentary behavior in free-living contexts, the benefits and drawbacks to each, as well as novel options for combined use to maximize scientific rigor. Throughout this toolkit, emphasis is placed on considerations for the use of these methods in various field conditions and in varying cultural contexts. RESULTS Objective measures such as inclinometers are the gold-standard for measuring total sedentary time but they typically cannot capture contextual information or determine which specific behaviors are taking place. Subjective measures such as questionnaires and 24 hours-recall methods can provide measurements of time spent in specific sedentary behaviors but are subject to measurement error and response bias. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that researchers use the method(s) that suit the research question; inclinometers are recommended for the measurement of total sedentary time, while self-report methods are recommended for measuring time spent in particular contexts of sedentary behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Aunger
- Health Services Management Centre, Park House, University of Birmingham, England, UK
| | - Janelle Wagnild
- Department of Anthropology, Durham University, Durham, England, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Use of Global Risk Score for Cardiovascular Evaluation of Rural Workers in Southern Brazil. ScientificWorldJournal 2018; 2018:3818065. [PMID: 29743824 PMCID: PMC5878873 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3818065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objectives of the present study were to classify the cardiovascular evaluation of rural workers through the Global Risk Score and analyze the intensity of the relationship between the classification and the variables of the score. A descriptive study was developed with 38 rural workers from the extreme southern Brazil. Data collection was performed through an interview and verification of anthropometric measurements and arterial blood pressure. Data were analyzed descriptively and inferentially using the Spearman correlation test. The overall 10-year cardiovascular risk classification using the Framingham global score showed a predominance of low risk (n = 22; 57.9%); however, 11 rural workers (28.9%) had a high cardiovascular risk. Spearman's correlation analysis showed significance between the Global Risk Score and gender (rho = 0.623, p ≤ 0.001), age (rho = 0.783, p ≤ 0.001), systolic blood pressure (rho = 0.545, p ≤ 0.001), and smoking (rho = 0.483, p = 0.002). These results show that rural workers need attention with regard to components that may put them at risk for cardiovascular disease. This study may help in the early diagnosis and more effective actions on the risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
|
10
|
Biddle SJH, Bennie J. Editorial for Special Issue: Advances in Sedentary Behavior Research and Translation. AIMS Public Health 2017; 4:33-37. [PMID: 29922700 PMCID: PMC5963115 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2017.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart J H Biddle
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Footscray Park, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Jason Bennie
- Institute of Sport, Exercise & Active Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Footscray Park, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| |
Collapse
|