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Wohlers H, Zentgraf L, van der Sande L, Holtmann D. Metabolic engineering of Shewanella oneidensis to produce glutamate and itaconic acid. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:36. [PMID: 38183472 PMCID: PMC10771365 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12879-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Shewanella oneidensis is a gram-negative bacterium known for its unique respiratory capabilities, which allow it to utilize a wide range of electron acceptors, including solid substrates such as electrodes. For a future combination of chemical production and electro-fermentation, the goal of this study was to expand its product spectrum. S. oneidensis was metabolically engineered to optimize its glutamate production and to enable production of itaconic acid. By deleting the glutamate importer gltS for a reduced glutamate uptake and pckA/ptA to redirect the carbon flux towards the TCA cycle, a ∆3 mutant was created. In combination with the plasmid pG2 carrying the glutamate dehydrogenase gdhA and a specific glutamate exporter NCgl1221 A111V, a 72-fold increase in glutamate concentration compared to the wild type was achieved. Along with overexpression of gdhA and NCgl1221 A111V, the deletion of gltS and pckA/ptA as well as the deletion of all three genes (∆3) was examined for their impact on growth and lactate consumption. This showed that the redirection of the carbon flux towards the TCA cycle is possible. Furthermore, we were able to produce itaconic acid for the first time with a S. oneidensis strain. A titer of 7 mM was achieved after 48 h. This suggests that genetic optimization with an expression vector carrying a cis-aconitate decarboxylase (cadA) and a aconitate hydratase (acnB) along with the proven redirection of the carbon flux to the TCA cycle enabled the production of itaconic acid, a valuable platform chemical used in the production of a variety of products. KEY POINTS: •Heterologous expression of gdhA and NCgl1221_A111V leads to higher glutamate production. •Deletion of ackA/pta redirects carbon flux towards TCA cycle. •Heterologous expression of cadA and acnB enables itaconic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wohlers
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Laura Zentgraf
- DECHEMA-Forschungsinstitut, Microbial Biotechnology, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa van der Sande
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Giessen, Germany
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dirk Holtmann
- Institute of Process Engineering in Life Sciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Fritz-Haber-Weg 4, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Friesen S, Kruchinin SE, Fedotova MV, Buchner R. Cation-Binding of Glutamate in Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:5746-5755. [PMID: 38832643 PMCID: PMC11182346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Interactions of the cations Li+, Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ with L-glutamate (Glu-) in aqueous solution were studied at room temperature with dielectric relaxation spectroscopy in the gigahertz region. Spectra of ∼0.4 M NaGlu with added LiCl, NaCl, MgCl2, or CaCl2 (c(MCln) ≤ 1.5 M) were evaluated and experiments supplemented by density functional theory and 3D reference interaction site model (3D-RISM) calculations. In addition to the modes found for aqueous NaGlu, namely, the reorientation of free Glu- ions (peaking at ∼1.6 GHz), of moderately retarded H2O molecules hydrating the carboxylate moieties of Glu- (∼8.4 GHz), of the cooperative resettling of the H-bond network of bulk water (∼20 GHz), and its preceding fast H-bond flip (∼400 GHz), an additional low-frequency relaxation at ∼0.4 GHz was detected upon the addition of the four salts. In the case of NaGlu + MgCl2(aq) and NaGlu + CaCl2(aq), this mode could be unequivocally assigned to an ion pair formed by the cation and the side-chain carboxylate moiety of Glu-. For NaGlu + LiCl(aq), either this species or a backbone-[Li+-H2O-Cl--Glu-] triple ion is formed. Binding constants increase in the order Li+
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Friesen
- Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg D-93040, Germany
| | - Sergey E. Kruchinin
- G.
A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya st. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russian Federation
| | - Marina V. Fedotova
- G.
A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya st. 1, Ivanovo 153045, Russian Federation
| | - Richard Buchner
- Institut
für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, Regensburg D-93040, Germany
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3
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Møller-Hansen I, Sáez-Sáez J, van der Hoek SA, Dyekjær JD, Christensen HB, Wright Muelas M, O’Hagan S, Kell DB, Borodina I. Deorphanizing solute carriers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for secondary uptake of xenobiotic compounds. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1376653. [PMID: 38680917 PMCID: PMC11045925 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1376653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The exchange of small molecules between the cell and the environment happens through transporter proteins. Besides nutrients and native metabolic products, xenobiotic molecules are also transported, however it is not well understood which transporters are involved. In this study, by combining exo-metabolome screening in yeast with transporter characterization in Xenopus oocytes, we mapped the activity of 30 yeast transporters toward six small non-toxic substrates. Firstly, using LC-MS, we determined 385 compounds from a chemical library that were imported and exported by S. cerevisiae. Of the 385 compounds transported by yeast, we selected six compounds (viz. sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, acrylic acid, 2-benzoxazolol) for characterization against 30 S. cerevisiae xenobiotic transport proteins expressed in Xenopus oocytes. The compounds were selected to represent a diverse set of chemicals with a broad interest in applied microbiology. Twenty transporters showed activity toward one or more of the compounds. The tested transporter proteins were mostly promiscuous in equilibrative transport (i.e., facilitated diffusion). The compounds 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, 2-methylpyrazine, cefadroxil, and sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine were transported equilibratively by transporters that could transport up to three of the compounds. In contrast, the compounds acrylic acid and 2-benzoxazolol, were strictly transported by dedicated transporters. The prevalence of promiscuous equilibrative transporters of non-native substrates has significant implications for strain development in biotechnology and offers an explanation as to why transporter engineering has been a challenge in metabolic engineering. The method described here can be generally applied to study the transport of other small non-toxic molecules. The yeast transporter library is available at AddGene (ID 79999).
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Affiliation(s)
- Iben Møller-Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Javier Sáez-Sáez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Steven A. van der Hoek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jane D. Dyekjær
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hanne B. Christensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marina Wright Muelas
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Steve O’Hagan
- Department of Chemistry, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
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Sheriff MM, Abusabah HH, Sindi HB, Alaidrous AO, Moemen AH, Alshalawi SF, Alshalawi BF, Aljaoser NY, Alghamdi LK, Badri RM, Gadi LA, Alotaibi SD, Alharbi GH, Aljadani NM. A Study on the Awareness and Perceptions Regarding Monosodium Glutamate and its Potential Health Effects Amongst the Urban Population of Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e51094. [PMID: 38274916 PMCID: PMC10808944 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Monosodium glutamate (MSG), a common global food additive in processed foods, influences flavors and textures due to its chemical complexity and nutritional intricacy. Despite an annual production of 1.9 million tons and historical safety concerns, the multifaceted impact on health, ranging from metabolic disorders to neurological and cardiovascular implications, necessitates ongoing research for informed consumption and balanced dietary practices. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study investigates MSG-associated intricacies among Saudi Arabia's urban population. The research included questionnaire development, translation, and cultural adaptation, and was validated by nutrition experts. A sample size of 420 was calculated for a 95% confidence level. Data collection occurred from September 13 to October 31, 2023, and ethical considerations were ensured. Statistical analysis, including chi-square tests, regression analysis, and SPSS, explored intricacy relationships. Results The MSG intricacy study in Saudi Arabia's urban population, involving 420 respondents, showed statistically significant correlations (P < 0.05) in demographics. The key findings indicate an awareness of the impact of MSG on health, its associations with various conditions, and strong support for its exclusion from foods. Region, gender, age, and social status correlations highlighted diverse perspectives. The Western province showed the highest response rate at 42.61%, prompting regional awareness questions. Gender dynamics showed that 90.47% of the respondents were females, emphasizing potential gender-specific concerns. Concentration among ages 20-30 (61.9%) underscored generational factors. While commendable baseline awareness was noted, 73.09% of the participants believing MSG is harmful prompts further investigation. Emotional responses, including happiness (25.95%) and frustration (18.33%), highlight the complexity of the individuals' experiences, emphasizing the need for tailored communication strategies. Conclusion The MSG intricacy study in Saudi Arabia's urban population reveals insights into knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, emphasizing the need for nuanced interventions considering regional and emotional differences. The findings underscore health concerns, supporting regulations, and knowledge impact on behavior. This survey serves as a valuable tool for informed public discourse and decision-making in the unique socio-cultural context of urban Saudi Arabia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muazzam M Sheriff
- Microbiology and Immunology, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Hanin H Abusabah
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Heba B Sindi
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | | | | | - Bayan F Alshalawi
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nooraa Y Aljaoser
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Lama K Alghamdi
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Razan M Badri
- Medicine, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Safaa D Alotaibi
- Clinical Dietitian Resident, King Fahad General Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | | | - Nawaf M Aljadani
- Pediatric Service Resident, King Abdullah Medical Complex, Jeddah, SAU
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Kayode OT, Bello JA, Oguntola JA, Kayode AAA, Olukoya DK. The interplay between monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption and metabolic disorders. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19675. [PMID: 37809920 PMCID: PMC10558944 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most popular food additives in the world and is often ingested with commercially processed foods. It can be described as a sodium salt of glutamic acid with the IUPAC name - Sodium 2-aminopentanedioate and is ionized by water to produce free sodium ions and glutamic acid. MSG use has significantly increased over the past 30 years, its global demand stands huge at over three million metric tons which is worth over $4.5 billion. Asia was responsible for more than three quarter of world MSG consumption with the country China also leading in global consumption as well as production and export to other countries. Prior to year 2020, global demand for MSG increased by almost four percent each year with the highest significant increase in demand for MSG predicted to rise in Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam and China, followed by Brazil and Nigeria. However, several researches featured in this review has identified MSG consumption as a major contributor to the development and progression of some metabolic disorders such as obesity, which is a risk factor for other metabolic syndromes like hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cancer initiation. The mechanism by which MSG induce obesity involves induction of hypothalamic lesion, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, leptin resistance and increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) Gamma and Alpha. Similarly for induction of diabetes mellitus, MSG consumption resulted in decreased pancreatic beta cell mass, increased oxidative stress and metabolic rates, reduced glucose and insulin transport to adipose tissue and skeletal muscles, insulin insensitivity, reduced insulin receptors and induced severe hyperinsulinemia. Dietary salt, an active component of MSG is also found to be a major risk factor for high blood pressure (which may lead to hypertension). MSG is used to enhance the taste of tobacco, causing smokers to consume the product in excess and thereby increasing the risk of cancer development. Depending on the amount consumed, MSG has both positive and negative effects. Despite the controversy surrounding MSG's safety and its probable contribution to risk of development and progression of metabolic disorders, its global consumption is still very high. Therefore, this article will sensitize the public on the need for cautious use of MSG in foods and also aid regulatory agencies to further review the daily MSG consumption limit based on metabolic toxicities observed at the varied dosages reported in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omowumi T Kayode
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayer City, Nigeria
| | - Jemilat A Bello
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayer City, Nigeria
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Jamiu A Oguntola
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayer City, Nigeria
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Abolanle A A Kayode
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - Daniel K Olukoya
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, Mountain Top University, Prayer City, Nigeria
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6
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Zhan C, Lee N, Lan G, Dan Q, Cowan A, Wang Z, Baidoo EEK, Kakumanu R, Luckie B, Kuo RC, McCauley J, Liu Y, Valencia L, Haushalter RW, Keasling JD. Improved polyketide production in C. glutamicum by preventing propionate-induced growth inhibition. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1127-1140. [PMID: 37443355 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00830-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is a promising host for production of valuable polyketides. Propionate addition, a strategy known to increase polyketide production by increasing intracellular methylmalonyl-CoA availability, causes growth inhibition in C. glutamicum. The mechanism of this inhibition was unclear before our work. Here we provide evidence that accumulation of propionyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA induces growth inhibition in C. glutamicum. We then show that growth inhibition can be relieved by introducing methylmalonyl-CoA-dependent polyketide synthases. With germicidin as an example, we used adaptive laboratory evolution to leverage the fitness advantage of polyketide production in the presence of propionate to evolve improved germicidin production. Whole-genome sequencing revealed mutations in germicidin synthase, which improved germicidin titer, as well as mutations in citrate synthase, which effectively evolved the native glyoxylate pathway to a new methylcitrate pathway. Together, our results show that C. glutamicum is a capable host for polyketide production and we can take advantage of propionate growth inhibition to drive titers higher using laboratory evolution or to screen for production of polyketides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjun Zhan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Namil Lee
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Guangxu Lan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Qingyun Dan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aidan Cowan
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Zilong Wang
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Edward E K Baidoo
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ramu Kakumanu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Bridget Luckie
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Rita C Kuo
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Joshua McCauley
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Yuzhong Liu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Luis Valencia
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Robert W Haushalter
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA.
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Emeryville, CA, USA.
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Center for Biosustainability, Danish Technical University, Lyngby, Denmark.
- Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Shenzhen Institutes for Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen, China.
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7
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Wilkes RA, Waldbauer J, Carroll A, Nieto-Domínguez M, Parker DJ, Zhang L, Guss AM, Aristilde L. Complex regulation in a Comamonas platform for diverse aromatic carbon metabolism. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:651-662. [PMID: 36747056 PMCID: PMC10154247 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-022-01237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Critical to a sustainable energy future are microbial platforms that can process aromatic carbons from the largely untapped reservoir of lignin and plastic feedstocks. Comamonas species present promising bacterial candidates for such platforms because they can use a range of natural and xenobiotic aromatic compounds and often possess innate genetic constraints that avoid competition with sugars. However, the metabolic reactions of these species are underexplored, and the regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Here we identify multilevel regulation in the conversion of lignin-related natural aromatic compounds, 4-hydroxybenzoate and vanillate, and the plastics-related xenobiotic aromatic compound, terephthalate, in Comamonas testosteroni KF-1. Transcription-level regulation controls initial catabolism and cleavage, but metabolite-level thermodynamic regulation governs fluxes in central carbon metabolism. Quantitative 13C mapping of tricarboxylic acid cycle and cataplerotic reactions elucidates key carbon routing not evident from enzyme abundance changes. This scheme of transcriptional activation coupled with metabolic fine-tuning challenges outcome predictions during metabolic manipulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Wilkes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jacob Waldbauer
- Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Austin Carroll
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Manuel Nieto-Domínguez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Darren J Parker
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Lichun Zhang
- Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam M Guss
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ludmilla Aristilde
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering and Applied Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Northwestern Center for Synthetic Biology, Evanston, IL, USA.
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8
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Submerged and Solid-State Fermentation of Spirulina with Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains: Antimicrobial Properties and the Formation of Bioactive Compounds of Protein Origin. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020248. [PMID: 36829524 PMCID: PMC9952912 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in bioactive compounds (L-glutamic acid (L-Glu), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and biogenic amines (BAs)) during the submerged (SMF) and solid-state (SSF) fermentation of Spirulina with lactobacilli strains (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei No. 244; Levilactobacillus brevis No. 173; Leuconostoc mesenteroides No. 225; Liquorilactobacillus uvarum No. 245). The antimicrobial properties of the untreated and fermented Spirulina against a variety of pathogenic and opportunistic strains were tested. The highest concentrations of L-Glu (3841 mg/kg) and GABA (2396 mg/kg) were found after 48 h of SSF with No. 173 and No. 244 strains, respectively. The LAB strain used for biotreatment and the process conditions, as well as the interaction of these factors, had statistically significant effects on the GABA concentration in Spirulina (p ≤ 0.001, p = 0.019 and p = 0.011, respectively). In all cases, the SSF of Spirulina had a higher total BA content than SMF. Most of the fermented Spirulina showed exceptional antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus but not against the other pathogenic bacteria. The ratios of BA/GABA and BA/L-Glu ranged from 0.5 to 62 and from 0.31 to 10.7, respectively. The GABA content was correlated with putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, spermidine and spermine contents. The L-glutamic acid concentration showed positive moderate correlations with tryptamine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine. To summarize, while high concentrations of desirable compounds are formed during fermentation, the formation of non-desirable compounds (BAs) must also be considered due to the similar mechanism of their synthesis as well as the possibility of obtaining high concentrations in the end products.
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Li H, Zhang J, Zhao Y, Yang W. Predicting Corynebacterium glutamicum promoters based on novel feature descriptor and feature selection technique. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1141227. [PMID: 36937275 PMCID: PMC10018189 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1141227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The promoter is an important noncoding DNA regulatory element, which combines with RNA polymerase to activate the expression of downstream genes. In industry, artificial arginine is mainly synthesized by Corynebacterium glutamicum. Replication of specific promoter regions can increase arginine production. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately locate the promoter in C. glutamicum. In the wet experiment, promoter identification depends on sigma factors and DNA splicing technology, this is a laborious job. To quickly and conveniently identify the promoters in C. glutamicum, we have developed a method based on novel feature representation and feature selection to complete this task, describing the DNA sequences through statistical parameters of multiple physicochemical properties, filtering redundant features by combining analysis of variance and hierarchical clustering, the prediction accuracy of the which is as high as 91.6%, the sensitivity of 91.9% can effectively identify promoters, and the specificity of 91.2% can accurately identify non-promoters. In addition, our model can correctly identify 181 promoters and 174 non-promoters among 400 independent samples, which proves that the developed prediction model has excellent robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- HongFei Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Information and Computer Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuming Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- College of Information and Computer Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Yuming Zhao, ; Wen Yang,
| | - Wen Yang
- International Medical Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Yuming Zhao, ; Wen Yang,
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10
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Ray D, Anand U, Jha NK, Korzeniewska E, Bontempi E, Proćków J, Dey A. The soil bacterium, Corynebacterium glutamicum, from biosynthesis of value-added products to bioremediation: A master of many trades. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113622. [PMID: 35710026 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ever since its discovery in 1957, Corynebacterium glutamicum has become a well-established industrial strain and is known for its massive capability of producing various amino acids (like L-lysine and L-glutamate) and other value-added chemicals. With the rising demand for these bio-based products, the revelation of the whole genome sequences of the wild type strains, and the astounding advancements made in the fields of metabolic engineering and systems biology, our perspective of C. glutamicum has been revolutionized and has expanded our understanding of its strain development. With these advancements, a new era for C. glutamicum supremacy in the field of industrial biotechnology began. This led to remarkable progress in the enhancement of tailor-made over-producing strains and further development of the substrate spectrum of the bacterium, to easily accessible, economical, and renewable resources. C. glutamicum has also been metabolically engineered and used in the degradation/assimilation of highly toxic and ubiquitous environmental contaminant, arsenic, present in water or soil. Here, we review the history, current knowledge, progress, achievements, and future trends relating to the versatile metabolic factory, C. glutamicum. This review paper is devoted to C. glutamicum which is one of the leading industrial microbes, and one of the most promising and versatile candidates to be developed. It can be used not only as a platform microorganism to produce different value-added chemicals and recombinant proteins, but also as a tool for bioremediation, allowing to enhance specific properties, for example in situ bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga Ray
- Department of Microbiology, St. Aloysius' College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, 482001, India.
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, 84105, Israel
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India; Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ewa Korzeniewska
- Department of Water Protection Engineering and Environmental Microbiology, The Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 1 Str., 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
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11
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Abstract
Innate and adaptive immunity are essential for neurodevelopment and central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis; however, the fragile equilibrium between immune and brain cells can be disturbed by any immune dysregulation and cause detrimental effects. Accumulating evidence indicates that, despite the blood-brain barrier (BBB), overactivation of the immune system leads to brain vulnerability that increases the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders, particularly upon subsequent exposure later in life. Disruption of microglial function in later life can be triggered by various environmental and psychological factors, including obesity-driven chronic low-grade inflammation and gut dysbiosis. Increased visceral adiposity has been recognized as an important risk factor for multiple neuropsychiatric conditions. The review aims to present our current understanding of the topic.
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12
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Lee T, Yang CL, Lee HL. Saving energy upon water removal in drying by making the α-polymorph of L-glutamic acid. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.2009514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tu Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chia Ling Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Hung Lin Lee
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, 300 Zhongda Road, Zhongli District, 32001 Taoyuan City, Taiwan R.O.C
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13
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Zhang G, Ren X, Liang X, Wang Y, Feng D, Zhang Y, Xian M, Zou H. Improving the Microbial Production of Amino Acids: From Conventional Approaches to Recent Trends. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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14
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Chidambaram SB, Essa MM, Rathipriya AG, Bishir M, Ray B, Mahalakshmi AM, Tousif AH, Sakharkar MK, Kashyap RS, Friedland RP, Monaghan TM. Gut dysbiosis, defective autophagy and altered immune responses in neurodegenerative diseases: Tales of a vicious cycle. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107988. [PMID: 34536490 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiota comprises trillions of symbiotic microorganisms and is involved in regulating gastrointestinal (GI), immune, nervous system and metabolic homeostasis. Recent observations suggest a bidirectional communication between the gut microbiota and the brain via immune, circulatory and neural pathways, termed the Gut-Brain Axis (GBA). Alterations in gut microbiota composition, such as seen with an increased number of pathobionts and a decreased number of symbionts, termed gut dysbiosis or microbial intestinal dysbiosis, plays a prominent role in the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS)-related disorders. Clinical reports confirm that GI symptoms often precede neurological symptoms several years before the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Pathologically, gut dysbiosis disrupts the integrity of the intestinal barrier leading to ingress of pathobionts and toxic metabolites into the systemic circulation causing GBA dysregulation. Subsequently, chronic neuroinflammation via dysregulated immune activation triggers the accumulation of neurotoxic misfolded proteins in and around CNS cells resulting in neuronal death. Emerging evidence links gut dysbiosis to the aggravation and/or spread of proteinopathies from the peripheral nervous system to the CNS and defective autophagy-mediated proteinopathies. This review summarizes the current understanding of the role of gut microbiota in NDDs, and highlights a vicious cycle of gut dysbiosis, immune-mediated chronic neuroinflammation, impaired autophagy and proteinopathies, which contributes to the development of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. We also discuss novel therapeutic strategies targeting the modulation of gut dysbiosis through prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics or dietary interventions, and faecal microbial transplantation (FMT) in the management of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India.
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; Ageing and Dementia Research Group, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman; Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Pacific, Sacramento, CA, USA.
| | - A G Rathipriya
- Food and Brain Research Foundation, Chennai 600 094, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Muhammed Bishir
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India
| | - Arehally M Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India
| | - A H Tousif
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India; Centre for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology (CPT), JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysuru 570015, KA, India
| | - Meena K Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A2, Canada
| | - Rajpal Singh Kashyap
- Research Centre, Dr G. M. Taori Central India Institute of Medical Sciences (CIIMS), Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Robert P Friedland
- Department of Neurology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Tanya M Monaghan
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK; Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
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15
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Neroni B, Evangelisti M, Radocchia G, Di Nardo G, Pantanella F, Villa MP, Schippa S. Relationship between sleep disorders and gut dysbiosis: what affects what? Sleep Med 2021; 87:1-7. [PMID: 34479058 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sleep plays a fundamental role in maintaining good psycho-physical health, it can influence hormone levels, mood, and weight. Recent studies, focused on the interconnection between intestinal microbiome and sleep disorders, have shown the growing importance of a healthy and balanced intestinal microbiome for the hosts health. Normally, gut microbiota and his host are linked by mutualistic relationship, that in some conditions, can be compromised by shifts in microbiota's composition, called dysbiosis. Both sleep problems and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome can lead to metabolic disorders and, in this review, we will explore what is present in literature on the link between sleep pathologies and intestinal dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Neroni
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giulia Radocchia
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Nardo
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Pantanella
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Villa
- Sant'Andrea Hospital, NESMOS Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Serena Schippa
- Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
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16
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Moldovan OL, Rusu A, Tanase C, Vari CE. Glutamate - A multifaceted molecule: Endogenous neurotransmitter, controversial food additive, design compound for anti-cancer drugs. A critical appraisal. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112290. [PMID: 34023459 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the most widely used flavour enhancers in the food industry is monosodium glutamate (MSG). MSG consumption has been on an upward trend, worrying in terms of potential toxic effects. This review is focused on the long-term toxicity of MSG and the experimental evidence that supports it. The article's primary purpose was to survey recently published data regarding the consumption of MSG within safe limits. The administered doses in animal models are very varied and have given rise to controversy. Also, the paper comprises pathways to lower MSG toxicity and highlight other underexploited biological effects, as anti-cancer potential. The administration of MSG, combined with various compounds, has been shown benefit against toxic effects. Several recent studies have identified a possible mechanism that recommends MSG and some derivatives as potential anti-cancer agents. New anti-cancer compounds based on the glutamic acid structure must be studied and further exploited. International regulations require harmonization of safe doses of MSG based on current scientific studies. Replacing MSG with other umami flavour enhancers may be a safer alternative for human health in the future. The biological consequences of MSG consumption or therapeutical administration have not been fully deciphered yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavia-Laura Moldovan
- Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Aura Rusu
- Pharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Corneliu Tanase
- Pharmaceutical Botany Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
| | - Camil-Eugen Vari
- Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540142, Târgu Mureș, Romania.
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17
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Ojeda J, Ávila A, Vidal PM. Gut Microbiota Interaction with the Central Nervous System throughout Life. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1299. [PMID: 33801153 PMCID: PMC8004117 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last years, accumulating evidence has suggested that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases via the gut-brain axis. Moreover, current research has helped to elucidate different communication pathways between the gut microbiota and neural tissues (e.g., the vagus nerve, tryptophan production, extrinsic enteric-associated neurons, and short chain fatty acids). On the other hand, altering the composition of gut microbiota promotes a state known as dysbiosis, where the balance between helpful and pathogenic bacteria is disrupted, usually stimulating the last ones. Herein, we summarize selected findings of the recent literature concerning the gut microbiome on the onset and progression of neurodevelopmental and degenerative disorders, and the strategies to modulate its composition in the search for therapeutical approaches, focusing mainly on animal models studies. Readers are advised that this is a young field, based on early studies, that is rapidly growing and being updated as the field advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ojeda
- Neuroimmunology and Regeneration of the Central Nervous System Unit, Biomedical Science Research Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile;
| | - Ariel Ávila
- Developmental Neurobiology Unit, Biomedical Science Research Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile;
| | - Pía M. Vidal
- Neuroimmunology and Regeneration of the Central Nervous System Unit, Biomedical Science Research Laboratory, Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción 4090541, Chile;
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18
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Friesen S, Fedotova MV, Kruchinin SE, Buchner R. Hydration and dynamics of L-glutamate ion in aqueous solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:1590-1600. [PMID: 33409510 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05489e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous solutions of sodium l-glutamate (NaGlu) in the concentration range 0 < c/M ≤ 1.90 at 25 °C were investigated by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) and statistical mechanics (1D-RISM and 3D-RISM calculations) to study the hydration and dynamics of the l-glutamate (Glu-) anion. Although at c → 0 water molecules beyond the first hydration shell are dynamically affected, Glu- hydration is rather fragile and for c ⪆ 0.3 M apparently restricted to H2O molecules hydrogen bonding to the carboxylate groups. These hydrating dipoles are roughly parallel to the anion moment, leading to a significantly enhanced effective dipole moment of Glu-. However, l-glutamate dynamics is determined by the rotational diffusion of individual anions under hydrodynamic slip boundary conditions. Thus, the lifetime of the hydrate complexes, as well as of possibly formed [Na+Glu-]0 ionpairs and l-glutamate aggregates, cannot exceed the characteristic timescale for Glu- rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergej Friesen
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Marina V Fedotova
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, 153045 Ivanovo, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergey E Kruchinin
- G. A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya St. 1, 153045 Ivanovo, Russian Federation.
| | - Richard Buchner
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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19
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McDonald MA, Salami H, Harris PR, Lagerman CE, Yang X, Bommarius AS, Grover MA, Rousseau RW. Reactive crystallization: a review. REACT CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00272k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive crystallization is not new, but there has been recent growth in its use as a means of improving performance and sustainability of industrial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. McDonald
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Hossein Salami
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Patrick R. Harris
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Colton E. Lagerman
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Xiaochuan Yang
- Office of Pharmaceutical Quality
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- Silver Spring
- USA
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Martha A. Grover
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Ronald W. Rousseau
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
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20
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Sun L, Xin F, Alper HS. Bio-synthesis of food additives and colorants-a growing trend in future food. Biotechnol Adv 2021; 47:107694. [PMID: 33388370 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2020.107694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Food additives and colorants are extensively used in the food industry to improve food quality and safety during processing, storage and packing. Sourcing of these molecules is predominately through three means: extraction from natural sources, chemical synthesis, and bio-production, with the first two being the most utilized. However, growing demands for sustainability, safety and "natural" products have renewed interest in using bio-based production methods. Likewise, the move to more cultured foods and meat alternatives requires the production of new additives and colorants. The production of bio-based food additives and colorants is an interdisciplinary research endeavor and represents a growing trend in future food. To highlight the potential of microbial hosts for food additive and colorant production, we focus on current advances for example molecules based on their utilization stage and bio-production yield as follows: (I) approved and industrially produced with high titers; (II) approved and produced with decent titers (in the g/L range), but requiring further engineering to reduce production costs; (III) approved and produced with very early stage titers (in the mg/L range); and (IV) new/potential candidates that have not been approved but can be sourced through microbes. Promising approaches, as well as current challenges and future directions will also be thoroughly discussed for the bioproduction of these food additives and colorants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Sun
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fengjiao Xin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hal S Alper
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2500 Speedway Avenue, Austin, TX 78712, United States; McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 200 E Dean Keeton St. Stop C0400, Austin, TX 78712, United States.
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21
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Hofseth LJ, Hebert JR, Chanda A, Chen H, Love BL, Pena MM, Murphy EA, Sajish M, Sheth A, Buckhaults PJ, Berger FG. Early-onset colorectal cancer: initial clues and current views. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:352-364. [PMID: 32086499 PMCID: PMC10711686 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-019-0253-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several decades, the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC; in patients <50 years old) has increased at an alarming rate. Although robust and scientifically rigorous epidemiological studies have sifted out environmental elements linked to EOCRC, our knowledge of the causes and mechanisms of this disease is far from complete. Here, we highlight potential risk factors and putative mechanisms that drive EOCRC and suggest likely areas for fruitful research. In addition, we identify inconsistencies in the evidence implicating a strong effect of increased adiposity and suggest that certain behaviours (such as diet and stress) might place nonobese and otherwise healthy people at risk of this disease. Key risk factors are reviewed, including the global westernization of diets (usually involving a high intake of red and processed meats, high-fructose corn syrup and unhealthy cooking methods), stress, antibiotics, synthetic food dyes, monosodium glutamate, titanium dioxide, and physical inactivity and/or sedentary behaviour. The gut microbiota is probably at the crossroads of these risk factors and EOCRC. The time course of the disease and the fact that relevant exposures probably occur in childhood raise important methodological issues that are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorne J Hofseth
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
| | - James R Hebert
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Anindya Chanda
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Hexin Chen
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Bryan L Love
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Maria M Pena
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - E Angela Murphy
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology & Immunology, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Mathew Sajish
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Amit Sheth
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Phillip J Buckhaults
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Franklin G Berger
- Center for Colon Cancer Research, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
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22
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Li X, Zheng S, Wu G. Nutrition and metabolism of glutamate and glutamine in fish. Amino Acids 2020; 52:671-691. [PMID: 32405703 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln) comprise a large proportion of total amino acids (AAs) in fish in the free and protein-bound forms. Both Glu and Gln are synthesized de novo from other α-amino acids and ammonia. Although these two AAs had long been considered as nutritionally non-essential AAs for an aquatic animal, they must be included adequately in its diet to support optimal health (particularly intestinal health) and maximal growth. In research on fish nutrition, Glu has been used frequently as an isonitrogenous control on the basis of the assumption that this AA has no nutritional or physiological function. In addition, purified diets used for feeding fish generally lack glutamine. As functional AAs, Glu and Gln are major metabolic fuels for tissues of fish (including the intestine, liver, kidneys, and skeletal muscle), and play important roles not only in protein synthesis but also in glutathione synthesis and anti-oxidative reactions. The universality of Glu and Gln as abundant intracellular AAs depends on their enormous versatility in metabolism. Dietary supplementation with Glu and Gln to farmed fish can improve their growth performance, intestinal development, innate and adaptive immune responses, skeletal muscle development and fillet quality, ammonia removal, and the endocrine status. Glu (mainly as monosodium glutamate), glutamine, or AminoGut (a mixture of Glu and Gln) is a promising feed additive to reduce the use of fishmeal, while gaining the profitability of global aquaculture production. Thus, the concept of dietary requirements of fish for Glu and Gln is a paradigm shift in the nutrition of aquatic animals (including fish).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Shixuan Zheng
- Guangdong Yuehai Feeds Group Co., Ltd, Zhanjiang, 524017, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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23
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Samuels A. Dose dependent toxicity of glutamic acid: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2020.1733016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Samuels
- Office of the administrator, Truth in Labeling Campaign, Chicago, IL, USA
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van Thiel IAM, Botschuijver S, de Jonge WJ, Seppen J. Painful interactions: Microbial compounds and visceral pain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165534. [PMID: 31634534 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Visceral pain, characterized by abdominal discomfort, originates from organs in the abdominal cavity and is a characteristic symptom in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome, vulvodynia or interstitial cystitis. Most organs in which visceral pain originates are in contact with the external milieu and continuously exposed to microbes. In order to maintain homeostasis and prevent infections, the immune- and nervous system in these organs cooperate to sense and eliminate (harmful) microbes. Recognition of microbial components or products by receptors expressed on cells from the immune and nervous system can activate immune responses but may also cause pain. We review the microbial compounds and their receptors that could be involved in visceral pain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A M van Thiel
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - S Botschuijver
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - W J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J Seppen
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Meibergdreef 69, 1105 BK Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Smith RP, Easson C, Lyle SM, Kapoor R, Donnelly CP, Davidson EJ, Parikh E, Lopez JV, Tartar JL. Gut microbiome diversity is associated with sleep physiology in humans. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222394. [PMID: 31589627 PMCID: PMC6779243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human gut microbiome can influence health through the brain-gut-microbiome axis. Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome can influence sleep quality. Previous studies that have examined sleep deprivation and the human gut microbiome have yielded conflicting results. A recent study found that sleep deprivation leads to changes in gut microbiome composition while a different study found that sleep deprivation does not lead to changes in gut microbiome. Accordingly, the relationship between sleep physiology and the gut microbiome remains unclear. To address this uncertainty, we used actigraphy to quantify sleep measures coupled with gut microbiome sampling to determine how the gut microbiome correlates with various measures of sleep physiology. We measured immune system biomarkers and carried out a neurobehavioral assessment as these variables might modify the relationship between sleep and gut microbiome composition. We found that total microbiome diversity was positively correlated with increased sleep efficiency and total sleep time, and was negatively correlated with wake after sleep onset. We found positive correlations between total microbiome diversity and interleukin-6, a cytokine previously noted for its effects on sleep. Analysis of microbiome composition revealed that within phyla richness of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were positively correlated with sleep efficiency, interleukin-6 concentrations and abstract thinking. Finally, we found that several taxa (Lachnospiraceae, Corynebacterium, and Blautia) were negatively correlated with sleep measures. Our findings initiate linkages between gut microbiome composition, sleep physiology, the immune system and cognition. They may lead to mechanisms to improve sleep through the manipulation of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P. Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, United States of America
| | - Cole Easson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, United States of America
- Biology Department, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro, TN, United States of America
| | - Sarah M. Lyle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ritishka Kapoor
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chase P. Donnelly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, United States of America
| | - Eileen J. Davidson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, United States of America
| | - Esha Parikh
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jose V. Lopez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Halmos College of Natural Sciences and Oceanography, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale FL, United States of America
| | - Jaime L. Tartar
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhong S, Zhou Z, Liang Y, Cheng X, Li Y, Teng W, Zhao M, Liu C, Guan M, Zhao C. Targeting strategies for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: does gut microbiota play a role? Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:369-393. [PMID: 31106639 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1608905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a progressive, often irreversible condition that produces severe neurological deficits. Emerging data suggest that chemotherapy also exerts detrimental effects on gut microbiota composition and intestinal permeability, contributing to dysbiosis and inflammation. Compared with other complications associated with chemotherapy, such as diarrhoea and mucositis, CIPN is of particular concern because it is the most common reason for terminating or suspending treatment. However, specific and effective curative treatment strategies are lacking. In this review, we provide an update on current preclinical and clinical understandings about the role of gut microbiota in CIPN. The gut microbiota serves as an intersection between the microbiome-gut-brain and the neuroimmune-endocrine axis, forming a complex network that can directly or indirectly affect key components involved in the manifestations of CIPN. Herein, we discuss several potential mechanisms within the context of the networks and summarize alterations in gut microbiome induced by chemotherapeutic drugs, providing great potential for researchers to target pathways associated with the gut microbiome and overcome CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhong
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Zhike Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Yifan Liang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Weiyu Teng
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Mei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Meiting Guan
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Chuansheng Zhao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , PR China
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Abstract
Nowadays, the life-line of urban population has been formed by commercial foods due to industrialization, urbanization, and rapid increase in working class. Commercial foods are time and energy saving foods but it compromising the nutritional value of foods. The term adulteration refers to the deliberate addition of compound which is usually not present in food. These compounds are known as food additives or food adulterant. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) is one of the most common food additives. Several studies revealed that MSG has toxic effect on fetal development/fetus, children's, adolescent, and adults. Physiological complication associated with MSG toxicity are hypertension, obesity, gastrointestinal tract troubles, and impairment of function of brain, nervous system, reproductive, and endocrine system. The effect of MSG depends upon its dose, route of administration and exposure time. Public awareness may play a major role in controlling the food adulteration by working in collaboration with National testing facilities to scrutinize each commercial food article from time to time. The aim of this review article is to highlight the deleterious impact of MSG on human health.
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Palomo-Buitrago ME, Sabater-Masdeu M, Moreno-Navarrete JM, Caballano-Infantes E, Arnoriaga-Rodríguez M, Coll C, Ramió L, Palomino-Schätzlein M, Gutiérrez-Carcedo P, Pérez-Brocal V, Simó R, Moya A, Ricart W, Herance JR, Fernández-Real JM. Glutamate interactions with obesity, insulin resistance, cognition and gut microbiota composition. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:569-579. [PMID: 30888539 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01313-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the interactions among fecal and plasma glutamate levels, insulin resistance cognition and gut microbiota composition in obese and non-obese subjects. METHODS Gut microbiota composition (shotgun) and plasma and fecal glutamate, glutamine and acetate (NMR) were analyzed in a pilot study of obese and non-obese subjects (n = 35). Neuropsychological tests [Trail making test A (TMT-A) and Trail making test B (TMT-B)] scores measured cognitive information about processing speed, mental flexibility and executive function. RESULTS Trail-making test score was significantly altered in obese compared with non-obese subjects. Fecal glutamate and glutamate/glutamine ratio tended to be lower among obese subjects while fecal glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with BMI and TMT-A scores. Plasma glutamate/acetate ratio was negatively associated with TMT-B. The relative abundance (RA) of some bacterial families influenced glutamate levels, given the positive association of fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio with Corynebacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae and Burkholderiaceae RA. In contrast, Streptococaceae RA, that was significantly higher in obese subjects, negatively correlated with fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. To close the circle, Coriobacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio and Corynebacteriaceae/Streptococaceae ratio were associated both with TMT-A scores and fecal glutamate/glutamine ratio. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota composition is associated with processing speed and mental flexibility in part through changes in fecal and plasma glutamate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Encarnación Palomo-Buitrago
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
| | - Mònica Sabater-Masdeu
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Moreno-Navarrete
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Estefanía Caballano-Infantes
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - María Arnoriaga-Rodríguez
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - Clàudia Coll
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | - Lluís Ramió
- Department of Neurology, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Girona, Spain
| | | | - Patricia Gutiérrez-Carcedo
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, CIBER-bbn, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Pérez-Brocal
- Genomics and Health Area, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research (FISABIO), València, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiology y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Endocrinology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Genomics and Health Area, Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research (FISABIO), València, Spain
- CIBER de Epidemiology y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wifredo Ricart
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain
| | - José Raúl Herance
- Medical Molecular Imaging Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), CIBBIM-Nanomedicine, CIBER-bbn, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Fernández-Real
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital of Girona "Dr Josep Trueta", Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain.
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn, CB06/03/010) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Girona, Spain.
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De Schouwer F, Claes L, Vandekerkhove A, Verduyckt J, De Vos DE. Protein-Rich Biomass Waste as a Resource for Future Biorefineries: State of the Art, Challenges, and Opportunities. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:1272-1303. [PMID: 30667150 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201802418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Protein-rich biomass provides a valuable feedstock for the chemical industry. This Review describes every process step in the value chain from protein waste to chemicals. The first part deals with the physicochemical extraction of proteins from biomass, hydrolytic degradation to peptides and amino acids, and separation of amino acid mixtures. The second part provides an overview of physical and (bio)chemical technologies for the production of polymers, commodity chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and other fine chemicals. This can be achieved by incorporation of oligopeptides into polymers, or by modification and defunctionalization of amino acids, for example, their reduction to amino alcohols, decarboxylation to amines, (cyclic) amides and nitriles, deamination to (di)carboxylic acids, and synthesis of fine chemicals and ionic liquids. Bio- and chemocatalytic approaches are compared in terms of scope, efficiency, and sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Free De Schouwer
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Laurens Claes
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Annelies Vandekerkhove
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Jasper Verduyckt
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
| | - Dirk E De Vos
- Centre for Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, post box 2461, 3001, Heverlee, Belgium
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30
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Lee SY, Kim HU, Chae TU, Cho JS, Kim JW, Shin JH, Kim DI, Ko YS, Jang WD, Jang YS. A comprehensive metabolic map for production of bio-based chemicals. Nat Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-018-0212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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31
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Borodina I. Understanding metabolite transport gives an upper hand in strain development. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:69-70. [PMID: 30508284 PMCID: PMC6302705 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell factories can be engineered for more efficient product secretion through modulation of membrane transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for BiosustainabilityTechnical University of DenmarkKongens LyngbyDenmark
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32
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High-performance bioelectronic tongue using ligand binding domain T1R1 VFT for umami taste detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:628-636. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kallscheuer N. Engineered Microorganisms for the Production of Food Additives Approved by the European Union-A Systematic Analysis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1746. [PMID: 30123195 PMCID: PMC6085563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 1950s, the idea of a single harmonized list of food additives for the European Union arose. Already in 1962, the E-classification system, a robust food safety system intended to protect consumers from possible food-related risks, was introduced. Initially, it was restricted to colorants, but at later stages also preservatives, antioxidants, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners, gelling agents, sweeteners, and flavorings were included. Currently, the list of substances authorized by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (referred to as "E numbers") comprises 316 natural or artificial substances including small organic molecules, metals, salts, but also more complex compounds such as plant extracts and polymers. Low overall concentrations of such compounds in natural producers due to inherent regulation mechanisms or production processes based on non-regenerative carbon sources led to an increasing interest in establishing more reliable and sustainable production platforms. In this context, microorganisms have received significant attention as alternative sources providing access to these compounds. Scientific advancements in the fields of molecular biology and genetic engineering opened the door toward using engineered microorganisms for overproduction of metabolites of their carbon metabolism such as carboxylic acids and amino acids. In addition, entire pathways, e.g., of plant origin, were functionally introduced into microorganisms, which holds the promise to get access to an even broader range of accessible products. The aim of this review article is to give a systematic overview on current efforts during construction and application of microbial cell factories for the production of food additives listed in the EU "E numbers" catalog. The review is focused on metabolic engineering strategies of industrially relevant production hosts also discussing current bottlenecks in the underlying metabolic pathways and how they can be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Kallscheuer
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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34
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Mironova YS, Zhukova NG, Zhukova IA, Alifirova VM, Izhboldina OP, Latypova AV. Parkinson's disease and glutamatergic system. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:138-142. [DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811851138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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D'Este M, Alvarado-Morales M, Angelidaki I. Amino acids production focusing on fermentation technologies – A review. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:14-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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36
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Mortensen A, Aguilar F, Crebelli R, Di Domenico A, Dusemund B, Frutos MJ, Galtier P, Gott D, Gundert-Remy U, Leblanc JC, Lindtner O, Moldeus P, Mosesso P, Parent-Massin D, Oskarsson A, Stankovic I, Waalkens-Berendsen I, Woutersen RA, Wright M, Younes M, Boon P, Chrysafidis D, Gürtler R, Tobback P, Altieri A, Rincon AM, Lambré C. Re-evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives. EFSA J 2017; 15:e04910. [PMID: 32625571 PMCID: PMC7009848 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2017.4910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of glutamic acid-glutamates (E 620-625) when used as food additives. Glutamate is absorbed in the intestine and it is presystemically metabolised in the gut wall. No adverse effects were observed in the available short-term, subchronic, chronic, reproductive and developmental studies. The only effect observed was increased kidney weight and increased spleen weight; however, the increase in organ weight was not accompanied by adverse histopathological findings and, therefore, the increase in organ weight was not considered as an adverse effect. The Panel considered that glutamic acid-glutamates (E 620-625) did not raise concern with regards to genotoxicity. From a neurodevelopmental toxicity study, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg body weight (bw) per day could be identified. The Panel assessed the suitability of human data to be used for the derivation of a health-based guidance value. Although effects on humans were identified human data were not suitable due to the lack of dose-response data from which a dose without effect could be identified. Based on the NOAEL of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg bw per day from the neurodevelopmental toxicity study and applying the default uncertainty factor of 100, the Panel derived a group acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 30 mg/kg bw per day, expressed as glutamic acid, for glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620-625). The Panel noted that the exposure to glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620-625) exceeded not only the proposed ADI, but also doses associated with adverse effects in humans for some population groups.
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Zhang YHP, Sun J, Ma Y. Biomanufacturing: history and perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:773-784. [PMID: 27837351 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Biomanufacturing is a type of manufacturing that utilizes biological systems (e.g., living microorganisms, resting cells, animal cells, plant cells, tissues, enzymes, or in vitro synthetic (enzymatic) systems) to produce commercially important biomolecules for use in the agricultural, food, material, energy, and pharmaceutical industries. History of biomanufacturing could be classified into the three revolutions in terms of respective product types (mainly), production platforms, and research technologies. Biomanufacturing 1.0 focuses on the production of primary metabolites (e.g., butanol, acetone, ethanol, citric acid) by using mono-culture fermentation; biomanufacturing 2.0 focuses on the production of secondary metabolites (e.g., penicillin, streptomycin) by using a dedicated mutant and aerobic submerged liquid fermentation; and biomanufacturing 3.0 focuses on the production of large-size biomolecules—proteins and enzymes (e.g., erythropoietin, insulin, growth hormone, amylase, DNA polymerase) by using recombinant DNA technology and advanced cell culture. Biomanufacturing 4.0 could focus on new products, for example, human tissues or cells made by regenerative medicine, artificial starch made by in vitro synthetic biosystems, isobutanol fermented by metabolic engineering, and synthetic biology-driven microorganisms, as well as exiting products produced by far better approaches. Biomanufacturing 4.0 would help address some of the most important challenges of humankind, such as food security, energy security and sustainability, water crisis, climate change, health issues, and conflict related to the energy, food, and water nexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Heng Percival Zhang
- 0000000119573309 grid.9227.e Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Science 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area 300308 Tianjin China
- 0000 0001 0694 4940 grid.438526.e Biological Systems Engineering Department Virginia Tech 304 Seitz Hall 24061 Blacksburg VA USA
| | - Jibin Sun
- 0000000119573309 grid.9227.e Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Science 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area 300308 Tianjin China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- 0000000119573309 grid.9227.e Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Science 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area 300308 Tianjin China
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Ding J, Jia L, Mpofu E, Gao M, Ren X. An on-line adaptive glucose feeding system incorporating patterns recognition for glucose concentration control in glutamate fermentations. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-016-0394-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nishio Y, Koseki C, Tonouchi N, Matsui K, Sugimoto S, Usuda Y. Analysis of strain-specific genes in glutamic acid-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum ssp. lactofermentum AJ 1511. J GEN APPL MICROBIOL 2017; 63:157-164. [DOI: 10.2323/jgam.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousuke Nishio
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc
| | - Chie Koseki
- Process Development Laboratories, Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc.,
| | - Naoto Tonouchi
- Process Development Laboratories, Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc.,
| | | | - Shinichi Sugimoto
- Process Development Laboratories, Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc.,
| | - Yoshihiro Usuda
- Frontier Research Laboratories, Institute for Innovation, Ajinomoto Co., Inc
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40
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Mazzoli R, Pessione E. The Neuro-endocrinological Role of Microbial Glutamate and GABA Signaling. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1934. [PMID: 27965654 PMCID: PMC5127831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota provides the host with multiple functions (e.g., by contributing to food digestion, vitamin supplementation, and defense against pathogenic strains) and interacts with the host organism through both direct contact (e.g., through surface antigens) and soluble molecules, which are produced by the microbial metabolism. The existence of the so-called gut–brain axis of bi-directional communication between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) also supports a communication pathway between the gut microbiota and neural circuits of the host, including the CNS. An increasing body of evidence has shown that gut microbiota is able to modulate gut and brain functions, including the mood, cognitive functions, and behavior of humans. Nonetheless, given the extreme complexity of this communication network, its comprehension is still at its early stage. The present contribution will attempt to provide a state-of-the art description of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota can affect the gut–brain axis and the multiple cellular and molecular communication circuits (i.e., neural, immune, and humoral). In this context, special attention will be paid to the microbial strains that produce bioactive compounds and display ascertained or potential probiotic activity. Several neuroactive molecules (e.g., catecholamines, histamine, serotonin, and trace amines) will be considered, with special focus on Glu and GABA circuits, receptors, and signaling. From the basic science viewpoint, “microbial endocrinology” deals with those theories in which neurochemicals, produced by both multicellular organisms and prokaryotes (e.g., serotonin, GABA, glutamate), are considered as a common shared language that enables interkingdom communication. With regards to its application, research in this area opens the way toward the possibility of the future use of neuroactive molecule-producing probiotics as therapeutic agents for the treatment of neurogastroenteric and/or psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Mazzoli
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino Torino, Italy
| | - Enrica Pessione
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Proteomics and Metabolic Engineering of Prokaryotes, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino Torino, Italy
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41
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Jezierska S, Van Bogaert INA. Crossing boundaries: the importance of cellular membranes in industrial biotechnology. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 44:721-733. [PMID: 27837352 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1858-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
How small molecules cross cellular membranes is an often overlooked issue in an industrial microbiology and biotechnology context. This is to a large extent governed by the technical difficulties to study these transport systems or by the lack of knowledge on suitable efflux pumps. This review emphasizes the importance of microbial cellular membranes in industrial biotechnology by highlighting successful strategies of membrane engineering towards more resistant and hence better performing microorganisms, as well as transporter and other engineering strategies for increased efflux of primary and secondary metabolites. Furthermore, the benefits and limitations of eukaryotic subcellular compartmentalization are discussed, as well as the biotechnological potential of membrane vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Jezierska
- Laboratory for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge N A Van Bogaert
- Laboratory for Industrial Biotechnology and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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42
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Ruggiero MT, Sibik J, Zeitler JA, Korter TM. Examination of l-Glutamic Acid Polymorphs by Solid-State Density Functional Theory and Terahertz Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:7490-5. [PMID: 27588684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability of l-glutamic acid to crystallize in two different forms has long been the subject of study due to its commercial importance. While a solvent-mediated phase transformation between the α and β polymorphs is the prevailing theory, recent reports indicate a thermal solid-solid transformation between the two may be possible. However, determining accurate thermodynamic stabilities of these crystals has been challenging. Here new low-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction data coupled to solid-state density functional theory simulations have enabled a detailed description to be achieved for the energetic parameters governing the stabilization of the two l-glutamic acid solids. The temperature-dependent Gibbs free-energy curves show that α-glutamic acid is the preferred form at low temperatures (<222 K) and the β form is most stable at ambient temperatures. Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy was utilized to evaluate the quality of the intermolecular force modeling as well as to provide characteristic low-frequency spectral data that can be used for quantification of polymorph mixtures or crystal growth monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Ruggiero
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University , 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
| | - Juraj Sibik
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge , New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - J Axel Zeitler
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge , New Museums Site, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy M Korter
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University , 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, New York 13244-4100, United States
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43
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Liu C, Pan F, Li Y. A combined approach of generalized additive model and bootstrap with small sample sets for fault diagnosis in fermentation process of glutamate. Microb Cell Fact 2016; 15:132. [PMID: 27472926 PMCID: PMC4966594 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-016-0528-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutamate is of great importance in food and pharmaceutical industries. There is still lack of effective statistical approaches for fault diagnosis in the fermentation process of glutamate. To date, the statistical approach based on generalized additive model (GAM) and bootstrap has not been used for fault diagnosis in fermentation processes, much less the fermentation process of glutamate with small samples sets. RESULTS A combined approach of GAM and bootstrap was developed for the online fault diagnosis in the fermentation process of glutamate with small sample sets. GAM was first used to model the relationship between glutamate production and different fermentation parameters using online data from four normal fermentation experiments of glutamate. The fitted GAM with fermentation time, dissolved oxygen, oxygen uptake rate and carbon dioxide evolution rate captured 99.6 % variance of glutamate production during fermentation process. Bootstrap was then used to quantify the uncertainty of the estimated production of glutamate from the fitted GAM using 95 % confidence interval. The proposed approach was then used for the online fault diagnosis in the abnormal fermentation processes of glutamate, and a fault was defined as the estimated production of glutamate fell outside the 95 % confidence interval. The online fault diagnosis based on the proposed approach identified not only the start of the fault in the fermentation process, but also the end of the fault when the fermentation conditions were back to normal. The proposed approach only used a small sample sets from normal fermentations excitements to establish the approach, and then only required online recorded data on fermentation parameters for fault diagnosis in the fermentation process of glutamate. CONCLUSIONS The proposed approach based on GAM and bootstrap provides a new and effective way for the fault diagnosis in the fermentation process of glutamate with small sample sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunbo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
- Mathematics, Informatics and Statistics Leeuwin Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), 65 Brockway Road, Floreat, WA 6014 Australia
| | - Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu China
| | - Yun Li
- Mathematics, Informatics and Statistics Leeuwin Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), 65 Brockway Road, Floreat, WA 6014 Australia
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Widyarani, Bowden NA, Kolfschoten RC, Sanders JPM, Bruins ME. Fractional Precipitation of Amino Acids from Agro-industrial Residues Using Ethanol. Ind Eng Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Widyarani
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Research
Centre for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jl.
Cisitu 21/154D, Bandung 40135, Indonesia
| | - Nathan A. Bowden
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- School
of Life Sciences, Avans University of Applied Science, Lovensdijkstraat
61-63, 4818AJ Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Ruben C. Kolfschoten
- Food
and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johan P. M. Sanders
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Food
and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E. Bruins
- Biobased
Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Food
and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Eid T, Gruenbaum SE, Dhaher R, Lee TSW, Zhou Y, Danbolt NC. The Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle in Epilepsy. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2016; 13:351-400. [PMID: 27885637 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45096-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a complex, multifactorial disease characterized by spontaneous recurrent seizures and an increased incidence of comorbid conditions such as anxiety, depression, cognitive dysfunction, and sudden unexpected death. About 70 million people worldwide are estimated to suffer from epilepsy, and up to one-third of all people with epilepsy are expected to be refractory to current medications. Development of more effective and specific antiepileptic interventions is therefore requisite. Perturbations in the brain's glutamate-glutamine cycle, such as increased extracellular levels of glutamate, loss of astroglial glutamine synthetase, and changes in glutaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase, are frequently encountered in patients with epilepsy. Hence, manipulations of discrete glutamate-glutamine cycle components may represent novel approaches to treat the disease. The goal of his review is to discuss some of the glutamate-glutamine cycle components that are altered in epilepsy, particularly neurotransmitters and metabolites, enzymes, amino acid transporters, and glutamate receptors. We will also review approaches that potentially could be used in humans to target the glutamate-glutamine cycle. Examples of such approaches are treatment with glutamate receptor blockers, glutamate scavenging, dietary intervention, and hypothermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tore Eid
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, 208035, New Haven, CT, 06520-8035, USA.
| | - Shaun E Gruenbaum
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roni Dhaher
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, 208035, New Haven, CT, 06520-8035, USA
| | - Tih-Shih W Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yun Zhou
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Niels Christian Danbolt
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute for Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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46
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Chai P, Wang J, Lu H. The cleaner production of monosodium l -glutamate by resin-filled electro-membrane reactor. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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47
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Foraging enrichment modulates open field response to monosodium glutamate in mice. Ann Neurosci 2015; 22:162-70. [PMID: 26130924 PMCID: PMC4481551 DOI: 10.5214/ans.0972.7531.220306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental enrichment can enhance expression of species-specific behaviour. While foraging enrichment is encouraged in laboratory animals, its impact on novelty induced behaviour remain largely unknown. Purpose Here, we studied behavioural response of mice to acute and subchronic oral monosodium glutamate (MSG) in an open field with /without foraging enrichment. Methods Adult male mice, assigned to five groups were administered vehicle (distilled water), or one of four selected doses of MSG (10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) for 21 days. Open field novelty induced behaviours i.e. horizontal locomotion, rearing and grooming were assessed after the first and last doses of MSG. Results were analysed using MANOVA followed by Tukey HSD multiple comparison test and expressed as mean ± S.E.M. Results Following acute MSG administration without enrichment, locomotor activity reduced, grooming increased, while rearing activity reduced at lower doses and increased at higher doses. Subchronic administration without enrichment was associated with increased locomotor activity and reduction in grooming, rearing activity however still showed a biphasic response. Addition of enrichment with acute administration resulted in sustained reduction in locomotor and rearing activities with a biphasic grooming response. Subchronically, there was reduction in horizontal locomotion, biphasic rearing response and sustained increase in grooming activity. Conclusion Behavioural response to varying doses of MSG as observed in the open field is affected by modifications such as foraging enrichment, which can reverse or dampen the central effects seen irrespective of duration of administration.
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Becker M, Krämer R. MscCG from Corynebacterium glutamicum: functional significance of the C-terminal domain. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2015; 44:577-88. [PMID: 26033538 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-015-1041-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium glutamicum is used in microbial biotechnology for the production of amino acids, e.g., glutamate and lysine. Excretion of glutamate into the surrounding medium under production conditions is mediated by MscCG, an MscS-type mechanosensitive channel. In difference to most other MscS-type channel proteins, MscCG carries, in addition to the N-terminal pore domain, a long C-terminal domain that amounts to about half of the size of the protein and harbors an additional transmembrane segment. Here we study the impact of the C-terminal domain on both functions of MscCG as mechanosensitive channel and as glutamate exporter. Sequential truncations of the C-terminal domain were applied, as well as deletion of particular subdomains, replacement of these segments by other amino acid sequences, and sequence randomization. Several parameters of cell physiology and bioenergetics of the obtained mutants related to both glutamate excretion and response to osmotic stress were quantified. All three subdomains of the C-terminal domain, i.e., the periplasmic loop, the fourth transmembrane segment, and the cytoplasmic loop, proved to be of core significance for MscCG function, in particular for glutamate excretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Becker
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47, 50674, Cologne, Germany
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49
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Membrane transporter engineering in industrial biotechnology and whole cell biocatalysis. Trends Biotechnol 2015; 33:237-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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50
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Cao Y, He ZN, Shi ZP, Enock M. Improving the stability of glutamate fermentation by Corynebacterium glutamicum via supplementing sorbitol or glycerol. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2015. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-014-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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