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Mozafari S, Ashoori M, Emami Meybodi SM, Solhi R, Mirjalili SR, Firoozabadi AD, Soltani S. Association between APOA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:590. [PMID: 38867151 PMCID: PMC11167842 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10493-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been established by many studies, but there have been conflicting results from the literature. We performed a meta-analysis of observational studies to evaluate the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus were searched up to April 2024. The random effects model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the association between APOA5 gene polymorphisms and the prevalence of MetS development. The potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS A total of 30 studies with 54,986 subjects (25,341 MetS cases and 29,645 healthy controls) were included. The presence of rs662799 and rs651821 polymorphisms is associated with an approximately 1.5-fold higher likelihood of MetS prevalence (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.53, p < 0.001; I2 = 67.1%; P-heterogeneity < 0.001; and OR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.36-1.65, p < 0.001), respectively. MetS is also more prevalent in individuals with the genetic variants rs3135506 and rs2075291. There was no evidence of a connection with rs126317. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that polymorphisms located in the promoter and coding regions of the APOA5 gene are associated with an increased prevalence of MetS in the adult population. Identifying individuals with these genetic variations could lead to early disease detection and the implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the risk of MetS and its related health issues. However, because the sample size was small and there was evidence of significant heterogeneity for some APOA5 gene polymorphisms, these results need to be confirmed by more large-scale and well-designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Mozafari
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Ashoori
- Rasool Akram Medical Complex, Clinical Research Development Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Emami Meybodi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Roya Solhi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Mirjalili
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran
| | - Sepideh Soltani
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Afshar Hospital, Jomhouri Blvd., Yazd, 8917945556, Iran.
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Alves M, Laranjeira F, Correia-da-Silva G. Understanding Hypertriglyceridemia: Integrating Genetic Insights. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:190. [PMID: 38397180 PMCID: PMC10887881 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertriglyceridemia is an exceptionally complex metabolic disorder characterized by elevated plasma triglycerides associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis and cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease. Its phenotype expression is widely heterogeneous and heavily influenced by conditions as obesity, alcohol consumption, or metabolic syndromes. Looking into the genetic underpinnings of hypertriglyceridemia, this review focuses on the genetic variants in LPL, APOA5, APOC2, GPIHBP1 and LMF1 triglyceride-regulating genes reportedly associated with abnormal genetic transcription and the translation of proteins participating in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism. Hypertriglyceridemia resulting from such genetic abnormalities can be categorized as monogenic or polygenic. Monogenic hypertriglyceridemia, also known as familial chylomicronemia syndrome, is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous pathogenic variants in the five canonical genes. Polygenic hypertriglyceridemia, also known as multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome in extreme cases of hypertriglyceridemia, is caused by heterozygous pathogenic genetic variants with variable penetrance affecting the canonical genes, and a set of common non-pathogenic genetic variants (polymorphisms, using the former nomenclature) with well-established association with elevated triglyceride levels. We further address recent progress in triglyceride-lowering treatments. Understanding the genetic basis of hypertriglyceridemia opens new translational opportunities in the scope of genetic screening and the development of novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Alves
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Francisco Laranjeira
- CGM—Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de Santo António (CHUdSA), 4099-028 Porto, Portugal;
- UMIB—Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS—School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-346 Porto, Portugal
- ITR—Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
| | - Georgina Correia-da-Silva
- UCIBIO Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit and Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Wuni R, Ventura EF, Curi-Quinto K, Murray C, Nunes R, Lovegrove JA, Penny M, Favara M, Sanchez A, Vimaleswaran KS. Interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic disease-related outcomes in Latin American and Caribbean populations: A systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1067033. [PMID: 36776603 PMCID: PMC9909204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1067033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases has increased in Latin American and the Caribbean populations (LACP). To identify gene-lifestyle interactions that modify the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in LACP, a systematic search using 11 search engines was conducted up to May 2022. Methods Eligible studies were observational and interventional studies in either English, Spanish, or Portuguese. A total of 26,171 publications were screened for title and abstract; of these, 101 potential studies were evaluated for eligibility, and 74 articles were included in this study following full-text screening and risk of bias assessment. The Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tool were used to assess the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies. Results We identified 122 significant interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors on cardiometabolic traits and the vast majority of studies come from Brazil (29), Mexico (15) and Costa Rica (12) with FTO, APOE, and TCF7L2 being the most studied genes. The results of the gene-lifestyle interactions suggest effects which are population-, gender-, and ethnic-specific. Most of the gene-lifestyle interactions were conducted once, necessitating replication to reinforce these results. Discussion The findings of this review indicate that 27 out of 33 LACP have not conducted gene-lifestyle interaction studies and only five studies have been undertaken in low-socioeconomic settings. Most of the studies were cross-sectional, indicating a need for longitudinal/prospective studies. Future gene-lifestyle interaction studies will need to replicate primary research of already studied genetic variants to enable comparison, and to explore the interactions between genetic and other lifestyle factors such as those conditioned by socioeconomic factors and the built environment. The protocol has been registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42022308488. Systematic review registration https://clinicaltrials.gov, identifier CRD420223 08488.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramatu Wuni
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Eduard F Ventura
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | | | - Claudia Murray
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Nunes
- Department of Real Estate and Planning, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Penny
- Instituto de Investigación Nutricional, Lima, Peru
| | - Marta Favara
- Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Sanchez
- Grupo de Análisis para el Desarrollo (GRADE), Lima, Peru
| | - Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences and Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH), University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Apolipoprotein A5, a unique modulator of fasting and postprandial triglycerides. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Association of rs662799 variant and APOA5 gene haplotypes with metabolic syndrome and its components: a meta-analysis in North Africa. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:225924. [PMID: 32725151 PMCID: PMC7426633 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) has been linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) in several populations. In North Africa, only the Tunisian and Moroccan populations were investigated. Our aim is to assess the association between APOA5 gene variant (rs662799) and haplotypes with MetS in Tunisian population and to perform a meta-analysis in North Africa. A total of 594 Tunisian participants were genotyped for polymorphism rs662799 using KASPar technology. Two polymorphisms rs3135506 and rs651821 in APOA5 gene genotyped in our previous study, were used in addition to rs662799 to assess the haplotype association with MetS. The genotype of 875 participants was used for the meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed with R software. The rs662799 increases the risk of MetS under the dominant (P=0.018) and the additive models (P=0.028) in the Tunisian population. After stratification of the cohort following the sex and the geographic origin, a positive association of rs662799 with MetS was found for participant from the Northern region and for the women group. Only the haplotype AGT showed a significant association with MetS by decreasing the risk of the disease. The meta-analysis reported a significant association of rs662799 and rs3135506 with MetS. Our results showed a significant association between the APOA5 gene variants rs662799 and haplotypes with MetS and its traits in Tunisia. An impact of the sex and the geographic origin on the genotype distribution was highlighted. Our funding emphasizes the role of APOA5 in the development of MetS in North Africa.
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Lin E, Kuo PH, Liu YL, Yang AC, Tsai SJ. Detection of susceptibility loci on APOA5 and COLEC12 associated with metabolic syndrome using a genome-wide association study in a Taiwanese population. Oncotarget 2017; 8:93349-93359. [PMID: 29212154 PMCID: PMC5706800 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been reported in various populations in several genome-wide association studies (GWAS), the data is not conclusive. In this GWAS study, we assessed whether SNPs are associated with MetS and its individual components independently and/or through complex interactions in a Taiwanese population. Methods A total of 10,300 Taiwanese subjects were assessed in this study. Metabolic traits such as waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose were measured. Results Our data showed an association of MetS at the genome-wide significance level (P < 8.6 x 10-8) with two SNPs, including the rs662799 SNP in the apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene and the rs16944558 SNP in the collectin subfamily member 12 (COLEC12) gene. Moreover, we identified the effect of APOA5 rs662799 on triglyceride and HDL, the effect of rs1106475 in the actin filament associated protein 1 like 2 (AFAP1L2) gene on systolic blood pressure, and the effect of rs17667932 in the mediator complex subunit 30 (MED30) gene on fasting glucose. Additionally, we found that an interaction between the APOA5 rs662799 and COLEC12 rs16944558 SNPs influenced MetS, high triglyceride, and low HDL. Conclusions Our study indicates that the APOA5 and COLEC12 genes may contribute to the risk of MetS and its individual components independently as well as through gene-gene interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Vita Genomics, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan.,TickleFish Systems Corporation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Albert C Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Lin E, Kuo PH, Liu YL, Yang AC, Kao CF, Tsai SJ. Association and interaction of APOA5, BUD13, CETP, LIPA and health-related behavior with metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36830. [PMID: 27827461 PMCID: PMC5101796 DOI: 10.1038/srep36830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with the APOA5, APOC1, BRAP, BUD13, CETP, LIPA, LPL, PLCG1, and ZPR1 genes. In this replication study, we reassessed whether these genes are associated with MetS and its individual components independently and/or through complex interactions in a Taiwanese population. We also analyzed the interactions between environmental factors and these genes in influencing MetS and its individual components. A total of 3,000 Taiwanese subjects were assessed in this study. Metabolic traits such as waist circumference, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting glucose were measured. Our data showed a nominal association of MetS with the APOA5 rs662799, BUD13 rs11216129, BUD13 rs623908, CETP rs820299, and LIPA rs1412444 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Moreover, APOA5 rs662799, BUD13 rs11216129, and BUD13 rs623908 were significantly associated with high triglyceride, low HDL, triglyceride, and HDL levels. Additionally, we found the interactions of APOA5 rs662799, BUD13 rs11216129, BUD13 rs623908, CETP rs820299, LIPA rs1412444, alcohol consumption, smoking status, or physical activity on MetS and its individual components. Our study indicates that the APOA5, BUD13, CETP, and LIPA genes may contribute to the risk of MetS independently as well as through gene-gene and gene-environment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Vita Genomics, Inc., Taipei, Taiwan.,TickleFish Systems Corporation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Po-Hsiu Kuo
- Department of Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Liu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Albert C Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Feng Kao
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture &Natural Resources, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jen Tsai
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Psychiatry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hubacek JA. Apolipoprotein A5 fifteen years anniversary: Lessons from genetic epidemiology. Gene 2016; 592:193-199. [PMID: 27496343 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) is a small protein, expressed predominantly in the liver. In plasma, it is located on triglyceride rich lipoprotein particles (chylomicrones and VLDL) and on HDL. Plasma concentration of apolipoprotein A5 is very low, suggesting rather regulatory (activation of lipoprotein lipase, …) than structural function. APOA5 is an important determinant of plasma triglyceride concentration; this effect has been confirmed both on animal models, as well as on human studies. Minor alleles of three commonly analysed variants within this gene (rs662799, rs3135506, rs2075291) are associated with higher plasma TG values and increased risk of myocardial infarction, with some important interethnic differences observed. Further roles of APOA5; determination of BMI, diabetes and last but not least nutri- and pharmaco-genetic interactions are suggested, but without the definitive conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav A Hubacek
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Domínguez-Reyes T, Astudillo-López CC, Salgado-Goytia L, Muñoz-Valle JF, Salgado-Bernabé AB, Guzmán-Guzmán IP, Castro-Alarcón N, Moreno-Godínez ME, Parra-Rojas I. Interaction of dietary fat intake with APOA2, APOA5 and LEPR polymorphisms and its relationship with obesity and dyslipidemia in young subjects. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:106. [PMID: 26365669 PMCID: PMC4568066 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0112-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diet is an important environmental factor that interacts with genes to modulate the likelihood of developing disorders in lipid metabolism and the relationship between diet and genes in the presence of other chronic diseases such as obesity. The objective of this study was to analyze the interaction of a high fat diet with the APOA2 (rs3813627 and rs5082), APOA5 (rs662799 and rs3135506) and LEPR (rs8179183 and rs1137101) polymorphisms and its relationship with obesity and dyslipidemia in young subjects. METHODS The study included 200 young subjects aged 18 to 25 years (100 normal-weight and 100 obese subjects). Dietary fat intake was measured using the frequency food consumption questionnaire. Genotyping of polymorphisms was performed by PCR-RFLP. RESULTS Individuals carrying the APOA5 56 G/G genotype with a high saturated fatty acid consumption (OR = 2.7, p = 0.006) and/or total fat (OR = 2.4, p = 0.018), associated with an increased risk of obesity. We also found that A/G + G/G genotypes of the 668 A/G polymorphism in the LEPR gene with an intake ≥ 12 g/d of saturated fatty acids, have 2.9 times higher risk of obesity (p = 0.002), 3.8 times higher risk of hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.002) and 2.4 times higher risk of hypertriglyceridemia (p = 0.02), than those with an intake <12 g/d of saturated fatty acids. Similarly, LEPR 668 A/G + G/G carriers with a high fat total intake had 3.0 times higher risk of obesity (p = 0.002) and 4.1 times higher risk of hypercholesterolemia (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that dietary fat intake modifies the effect of APOA5 and LEPR polymorphisms on serum triglycerides, cholesterol levels and obesity in young subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Domínguez-Reyes
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Constanza C Astudillo-López
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Lorenzo Salgado-Goytia
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - José F Muñoz-Valle
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| | - Aralia B Salgado-Bernabé
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Iris P Guzmán-Guzmán
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Natividad Castro-Alarcón
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Ma E Moreno-Godínez
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
| | - Isela Parra-Rojas
- Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico.
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Supplementation with two probiotic strains, Lactobacillus curvatus HY7601 and Lactobacillus plantarum KY1032, reduces fasting triglycerides and enhances apolipoprotein A-V levels in non-diabetic subjects with hypertriglyceridemia. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:649-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Association of polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid metabolism with blood pressure and lipid values in mexican hypertensive individuals. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:150358. [PMID: 25587205 PMCID: PMC4283438 DOI: 10.1155/2014/150358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension and dyslipidemia exhibit an important clinical relationship because an increase in blood lipids yields an increase in blood pressure (BP). We analyzed the associations of seven polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid metabolism (APOA5 rs3135506, APOB rs1042031, FABP2 rs1799883, LDLR rs5925, LIPC rs1800588, LPL rs328, and MTTP rs1800591) with blood pressure and lipid values in Mexican hypertensive (HT) patients. A total of 160 HT patients and 160 normotensive individuals were included. Genotyping was performed through PCR-RFLP, PCR-AIRS, and sequencing. The results showed significant associations in the HT group and HT subgroups classified as normolipemic and hyperlipemic. The alleles FABP2 p.55T, LIPC −514T, and MTTP −493T were associated with elevated systolic BP. Five alleles were associated with lipids. LPL p.474X and FABP2 p.55T were associated with decreased total cholesterol and LDL-C, respectively; APOA5 p.19W with increased HDL-C; APOA5 p.19W and FABP2 p.55T with increased triglycerides; and APOB p.4181K and LDLR c.1959T with decreased triglycerides. The APOB p.E4181K polymorphism increases the risk for HT (OR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.17–2.93; P = 0.001) under the dominant model. These findings indicate that polymorphisms of lipid metabolism genes modify systolic BP and lipid levels and may be important in the development of essential hypertension and dyslipidemia in Mexican HT patients.
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Jamal-Allial A, Griffith JL, Tucker KL. The longitudinal association of vitamin D serum concentrations & adiposity phenotype. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2014; 144 Pt A:185-8. [PMID: 24333795 PMCID: PMC4055547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Several cross-sectional studies have reported on the association between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations (25(OH)D) and body mass index (BMI). We examined the longitudinal effect of BMI on serum 25(OH)D concentrations among 866 Puerto Rican adults living in the Greater Boston area: 246 men and 620 women, aged 45-75 years at baseline and 2 year. Our analyses showed negative correlations at two time points between BMI and serum 25(OH)D concentrations. The multivariate analysis showed that when predicting the change of serum 25(OH)D concentrations, baseline-BMI had significant inverse association (P<0.04) controlling for age, sex, and baseline-BMI. This association remained significant after adjusting for vitamin D supplement use, smoking, miles walked/day and alcohol intake (P<0.01). In conclusion, the major findings of the present study are obesity (1) was inversely associated with 25(OH)D at baseline; (2) with the change in serum 25(OH)D at 2-year in this population of older Puerto Rican adults living in the Boston area. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled '16th Vitamin D Workshop'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza Jamal-Allial
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences. Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - John L Griffith
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences. Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- Clinical Laboratory & Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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13
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Zheng Y, Qi L. Diet and lifestyle interventions on lipids: combination with genomics and metabolomics. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Fatemi SG, Emadi-Baygi M, Nikpour P, Kelishadi R, Hashemipour M. Absence of Association between -1131T>C Polymorphism in the Apolipoprotein APOA5 Gene and Pediatric Metabolic Syndrome. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2014; 24:319-22. [PMID: 25562027 PMCID: PMC4276588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we evaluated the association of rs662799 variant of the APOA5 gene with Metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a sample of children and adolescents from Isfahan. METHODS This case control study comprised 50 cases of MetS and 50 controls. Mismatched polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (mPCR-RFLP) was used to genotype -1131T>C polymorphism. Findings : No significant association was documented for APOA5 genotypes with the measured laboratory parameters for CC, CT, and TT genotypes in the two groups studied. By logistic regression using a dominant model, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval0 for the MetS was 0.38 (0.139-1.0350 and 0.29 (0.08-1.071 for the unadjusted and adjusted models, respectively. CONCLUSION This study suggests that among studied children and adolescents, -1131T>C polymorphism in the APOA5 gene may not be a major contributor to the MetS risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Modjtaba Emadi-Baygi
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Sciences,Research Institute of Biotechnology, School of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord
| | - Parvaneh Nikpour
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine,Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Corresponding Author: Address: Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahin Hashemipour
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Kim M, Chae JS, Kim M, Lee SH, Lee JH. Effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on age-related changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein A-V levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose or new-onset type 2 diabetes as a function of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism. Nutr J 2014; 13:40. [PMID: 24775272 PMCID: PMC4012168 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2891-13-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on age-related changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein (apo A-V) levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or new-onset type 2 diabetes as a function of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism. Methods We genotyped the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism in 203 Korean individuals with IFG or new-onset type 2 diabetes for the TT (n = 91), TC (n = 98), and CC (n = 14) alleles. Plasma apo A-V and triglyceride levels were evaluated at baseline and after a 3-year dietary intervention. Results Our results showed that HDL, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index, free fatty acids, and apo A-V decreased and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased at the 3-year follow-up visit compared with baseline. Plasma apo A-V levels were reduced in subjects with the C allele (TC or CC) (P = 0.036) and triglyceride levels were reduced in subjects with the TT allele (P = 0.047). Subjects with the C allele showed lower post-treatment apo A-V and higher post-treatment fasting triglyceride levels than subjects with the TT allele. Changes in apo A-V and triglyceride levels were negatively correlated in subjects with the TT allele and positively correlated in subjects with the C allele. Conclusions This study showed that the dietary intervention prevented an age-related increase in triglyceride levels in individuals with IFG or new-onset type 2 diabetes who possess the TT allele, but not the CT or CC allele, of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jong Ho Lee
- National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
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Halalkhor S, Jalali F, Tilaki KH, Shojaei S. Association of two common polymorphisms of apolipoprotein A5 gene with metabolic syndrome indicators in a North Iranian population, a cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:48. [PMID: 24708648 PMCID: PMC4030732 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome is an obesity dependent disorder with a worldwide high prevalence. Regarding the high prevalence of Metabolic syndrome in Iran we analyzed the influence of -1131T>C (rs662799) and c.56C>G (S19W, rs3135506) polymorphisms of the novel apolipoprotein gene, ApoA5, on some Metabolic Syndrome indicators in population from north of Iran. Methods 199 volunteers from Babol city-Iran were divided in two groups of low (N = 99, TG ≤ 103 mg/dl) and high (N = 100, TG ≥ 150 mg/dl) serum levels of Triglycerides (TG). We amplified the gene fragments containing -1131T>C and c.56C>G polymorphisms by PCR method and revealed the polymorphisms by RFLP analysis. Results We found a significant association (p = 0.016, Independent t-test) between high levels of TG and -1131T>C polymorphism but not between this polymorphism and serum HDL-C concentrations. Carriers of the C allele had a 1.97 times higher odds ratio to be in the high-TG group than those of the TT genotype (95%, CI = 1.05-3.68). We observed no association between -1131T>C polymorphism with either Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) or Body-Mass-Index (BMI). In the case of c.56C>G polymorphism, although it showed a significant relationship with WHR (p = 0/040, Independent t-test), but failed to correlate with either levels of TG (p = 0.594) or HDL-C (p = 0.640) in serum. Conclusion Our study confirms that ApoA5 gene polymorphisms, -1131T>C and c.56C>G are associated with the two criteria of Metabolic Syndrome, TG and WHR, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Halalkhor
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Farzad Jalali
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Karimollah Hajian Tilaki
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shahla Shojaei
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Kang R, Kim M, Chae JS, Lee SH, Lee JH. Consumption of whole grains and legumes modulates the genetic effect of the APOA5 -1131C variant on changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein A-V concentrations in patients with impaired fasting glucose or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Trials 2014; 15:100. [PMID: 24690159 PMCID: PMC3974230 DOI: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) -1131 T > C polymorphism is associated with mild hypertriglyceridemia in type 2 diabetic subjects, and interacts with dietary fat in the determination of triglyceride concentrations. We examined whether a substitution of whole grains and legumes for refined rice in a high carbohydrate diet (about 65% of energy derived from carbohydrate) may modify the effect of this variant on changes in apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) and triglyceride concentrations. Methods We genotyped the APOA5 -1131 T > C in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, who were randomly assigned to either a group ingesting whole grain and legume meals daily or a control group for 12 weeks. Results After dietary intervention, we observed significant interactions between the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism and carbohydrate sources (whole grains and legumes versus refined rice) in the determination of mean percent changes in triglyceride and apoA-V (P interactions <0.001 and =0.038, respectively). In the refined rice group (n = 93), the carriers of the risk C allele (n = 50) showed a greater increase in the mean percent changes of triglyceride and apoA-V than noncarriers after adjusting for HOMA-IR (P = 0.004 and 0.021, respectively). The whole grain and legume group (n = 92), however, showed a decrease in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, and triglyceride, and an increase in apoA-V, irrespective of genotype. Conclusions The data showed that the magnitude of the genetic effect of the APOA5 -1131C variant on triglyceride and apoA-V levels was modulated when substituting consumption of whole grains and legumes for refined rice as a carbohydrate source in IFG or diabetic subjects. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01784952.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, National Leading Research Laboratory of Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-749, Korea.
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Hubacek JA, Peasey A, Kubinova R, Pikhart H, Bobak M. The association between APOA5 haplotypes and plasma lipids is not modified by energy or fat intake: the Czech HAPIEE study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24:243-247. [PMID: 24462044 PMCID: PMC4357849 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Several smaller studies reported interactions between dietary factors and apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene polymorphisms in determination of plasma lipids. We tested interactions between APOA5 haplotypes and dietary intake in determination of plasma triglycerides (TG) and other lipids. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants (5487 males and females aged 45-69) were classified according to the number (0, 1, 2+) of minor APOA5 alleles (using T-1131 > C; rs662799 and Ser19 > Trp; rs3135506 polymorphisms) and into three groups of low (bottom 25%), medium (26th-75th percentile) and high (top 25%) of intake of total energy and total, saturated and polyunsaturated fats, assessed by food frequency questionnaire. The age-sex adjusted geometric means of plasma TG increased with the number of minor alleles, from 1.57 (standard error 0.01), to 1.79 (0.02) to 2.29 (0.10) mmol/L (p < 0.00001) but TG did not differ between groups with low, medium and high total energy intake (p = 0.251). TG concentrations were highest in subjects with the combination of 2+ minor alleles and the highest energy intake (mean 2.59 [0.19], compared with 1.62 [0.03] in subjects with lowest energy intake and no minor allele) but the interaction between energy intake and APOA5 haplotypes was not statistically significant (p = 0.186). Analogous analyses with total, saturated and polyunsaturated fat intake yielded similar nonsignificant results. Effects of APOA5 and dietary intakes on total and HDL cholesterol were weaker and no interactions were significant. CONCLUSION In this Slavic Caucasian population sample, we did not detect the hypothesized interaction between common SNPs within the APOA5 gene and diet in determination of blood lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Hubacek
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - A Peasey
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - R Kubinova
- National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - H Pikhart
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - M Bobak
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Rudkowska I, Ouellette C, Dewailly E, Hegele RA, Boiteau V, Dubé-Linteau A, Abdous B, Proust F, Giguère Y, Julien P, Château-Degat ML, Vohl MC. Omega-3 fatty acids, polymorphisms and lipid related cardiovascular disease risk factors in the Inuit population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2013; 10:26. [PMID: 23497168 PMCID: PMC3639855 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-10-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tissue concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) and genetic variations are well-known factors which affect the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The objective was to examine whether the genetic variability of 20 candidate genes and red blood cells (RBCs) percentage of total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a biomarker of dietary n-3 PUFA intake, modulate lipid related CVD risk factors in the Inuit population. Methods Data from the Qanuippitaa Nunavik Health Survey (n = 553) were analysed via multivariate regression models with 40 known polymorphisms, RBCs percentage of n-3 PUFA, and the interaction term to take into account the effect on plasma lipid and apolipoporotein levels. Results Individuals being heterozygotes for CETP C-4502T (rs183130) or G-971A (rs4783961) together with higher n-3 PUFA had lower triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations compared to homozygotes for the minor allele. Further, effects of a stronger beneficial association between n-3 PUFA in RBCs and plasma lipid parameters- including lower total cholesterol (TC), lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) or higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations- were associated with AGT M235T (rs699) TT genotype, CETP G-971A (rs4783961) AG genotype, T allele carriers of CETP C-4502T (rs183130), and T allele carriers of CETP Ile405Val (rs5882). In contrast, higher n-3 PUFA in RBCs were associated with adverse lipid profiles- including increased LDL-C, increased apolipoprotein B100 or decreased HDL-C concentrations- in G allele carriers of the APOA5 -3 A/G (rs651821), C allele carriers of APOA5 T-1131C (rs662799), G carriers of APOC3 SstI (rs5128) and G carriers of APOA4 Asn147Ser (rs5104). Conclusion Overall, these results suggest that percentage of total n-3 PUFA of RBCs are associated with lipids related CVD risk factors conferred by genetic variations in the Inuit population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440, boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Xu C, Bai R, Zhang D, Li Z, Zhu H, Lai M, Zhu Y. Effects of APOA5 -1131T>C (rs662799) on fasting plasma lipids and risk of metabolic syndrome: evidence from a case-control study in China and a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e56216. [PMID: 23468858 PMCID: PMC3585417 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0056216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene −1131T>C (rs662799) has been suggested to be involved in the pathway of lipid homeostasis and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the findings are not consistent. To systematically evaluate the associations between −1131T>C polymorphism and fasting lipid parameters and the risk of MetS, we conducted a case-control study in a Chinese population and a meta-analysis. The findings from 1840 Chinese participants indicated that the C allele carriers had significantly higher fasting total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and lower HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) than the TT homozygotes carriers. The −1131C allele was also found to be significantly associated with increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.15, 1.69) compared to the TT homozygotes. In the meta-analysis of 51,868 participants from 46 East Asian studies, 26 European studies and 19 studies of other ethnic groups, the −1131C allele was associated with higher fasting TC (weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.08 mmol/L, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.10, P = 1.74×10−9), TG (WMD = 0.30 mmol/L, 95% CI = 0.26, 0.33, P = 1.87×10−55), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) (WMD = 0.04 mmol/L, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.07, P = 0.002), and lower HDL-C (WMD = −0.05 mmol/L, 95% CI = −0.06,−0.04, P = 1.88×10−21), respectively. Based on 12 studies with 5,573 MetS cases and 8,290 controls from 5 East Asian studies, 5 European studies and 2 studies of other ethnic groups, the −1131C allele was associated with increased risk of MetS with an OR (95% CI) = 1.33 (1.16, 1.53) in the overall population, 1.43 (1.29, 1.58) in East Asian and 1.30 (0.94, 1.78) in European populations. In conclusion, the −1131C allele may be associated with elevated levels of fasting TG, TC, LDL-C and decreased HDL-C, and increased risk of MetS, especially in East Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongpan Bai
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Zhu
- Department of Public Health, College of Health and Human Services, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States of America
| | - Maode Lai
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Zheng XY, Zhao SP, Yan H. The role of apolipoprotein A5 in obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2012; 88:490-8. [PMID: 23279260 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 11/10/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha; 410011; China
| | - Shui-Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha; 410011; China
| | - Hu Yan
- Institute of Mental Health; The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University; Changsha; 410011; China
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Zhang X, Qi Q, Bray GA, Hu FB, Sacks FM, Qi L. APOA5 genotype modulates 2-y changes in lipid profile in response to weight-loss diet intervention: the Pounds Lost Trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96:917-22. [PMID: 22914552 PMCID: PMC3441115 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.112.040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) is a major gene that regulates lipid metabolism and is modulated by dietary factors. A novel variant rs964184 in APOA5 was identified to be associated with lipids in genome-wide association studies. OBJECTIVE We examined whether this variant modified changes in lipid concentrations in response to a 2-y weight-loss diet intervention in a randomized trial. DESIGN The current analyses were secondary analyses of a data set from the Pounds Lost Trial. We genotyped APOA5 rs964184 in 734 overweight or obese adults who were randomly assigned to one of 4 diets that differed in percentages of energy derived from fat, protein, and carbohydrate for 2 y. We evaluated changes in fasting serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride from baseline to 2 y of follow-up. RESULTS After a 2-y dietary intervention, we showed significant interactions between the APOA5 rs964184 polymorphism and dietary fat intake (low compared with high) in the determination of changes in TC, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol (P-interaction = 0.007, 0.017, and 0.006, respectively). In the low-fat intake group (20% of energy derived from fat), carriers of the risk allele (G allele) exhibited greater reductions in TC and LDL cholesterol than did noncarriers (P = 0.036 and 0.039, respectively), whereas in the high-fat diet group (40% of energy derived from fat), participants with the G allele had a greater increase in HDL cholesterol than did participants without this allele (P = 0.038). CONCLUSION Our data showed better improvement in lipid profiles from long-term low-fat diet intake in the APOA5 rs964184 risk allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhang
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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23
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Liu CF, Yang QF, Chen XL, Liu CY. Apolipoprotein a5 gene polymorphism and risk for metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2012; 16:1241-5. [PMID: 22905904 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have focused on the association between the apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5) polymorphism and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, these studies drew inconsistent conclusions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exact association between the ApoA5 polymorphism and MetS in a large-scale meta-analysis. METHODS The PubMed, Embase, and Science Citation Index (ISI Web of Science) databases were searched to collect all publications on the association between the ApoA5 polymorphism and MetS. Two common variants of ApoA5 (namely -1131T>C in the promoter region and c.56C>G in the coding region) with the risk of MetS were analyzed. The overall odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for -1131T>C (CC+TC) versus TT genotype and c.C56G (GG+GC) versus CC were assessed between the MetS and control group. Subgroup analysis was further performed by ethnicity. The meta-analysis was performed by Stata11.0. RESULTS Twelve studies from 10 publications were chosen in our meta-analysis. The combined results showed that C allele carriers (CC+TC) of -1131T>C had a significantly higher risk of MetS for the overall (OR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.14-1.53; p=0.000) with moderate heterogeneity (I2=54.9%, p=0.014). Subgroup analysis was further performed according to ethnicity, and the association was still significant in Asians (OR=1.42; 95% CI: 1.25-1.62; p=0.000), but not in white populations (OR=1.25; 95% CI: 0.97-1.61; p=0.087). When analyzing the association between c.C56G and MetS, the G allele carrier (GG+GC) genotype significantly increased the risk of MetS (OR=1.32; 95% CI: 1.15-1.50; p=0.000) in white populations. No significant publication bias was observed in either -1131T>C or c.C56G. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggested that the ApoA5 -1131T>C polymorphism was significantly associated with the risk of MetS in Asians, but not in white populations. However, the c.C56G polymorphism was significantly associated with MetS in white populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun-Fei Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Zeisel SH. Diet-gene interactions underlie metabolic individuality and influence brain development: implications for clinical practice derived from studies on choline metabolism. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2012; 60 Suppl 3:19-25. [PMID: 22614815 DOI: 10.1159/000337310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
One of the underlying mechanisms for metabolic individuality is genetic variation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes of metabolic pathways can create metabolic inefficiencies that alter the dietary requirement for, and responses to, nutrients. These SNPs can be detected using genetic profiling and the metabolic inefficiencies they cause can be detected using metabolomic profiling. Studies on the human dietary requirement for choline illustrate how useful these new approaches can be, as this requirement is influenced by SNPs in genes of choline and folate metabolism. In adults, these SNPs determine whether people develop fatty liver, liver damage and muscle damage when eating diets low in choline. Because choline is very important for fetal development, these SNPs may identify women who need to eat more choline during pregnancy. Some of the actions of choline are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms that permit 'retuning' of metabolic pathways during early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Zeisel
- Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, N.C. 28081, USA.
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Perez-Martinez P, Garcia-Rios A, Delgado-Lista J, Perez-Jimenez F, Lopez-Miranda J. Metabolic syndrome: Evidences for a personalized nutrition. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 56:67-76. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Several candidate gene studies on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been conducted. However, for most single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) no systematic review on their association with MetS exists. A systematic electronic literature search was conducted until the 2nd of June 2010, using HuGE Navigator. English language articles were selected. Only genes of which at least one SNP-MetS association was studied in an accumulative total population ≥ 4000 subjects were included. Meta-analyses were conducted on SNPs with three or more studies available in a generally healthy population. In total 88 studies on 25 genes were reviewed. Additionally, for nine SNPs in seven genes (GNB3, PPARG, TCF7L2, APOA5, APOC3, APOE, CETP) a meta-analysis was conducted. The minor allele of rs9939609 (FTO), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), C56G (APOA5), T1131C (APOA5), C482T (APOC3), C455T (APOC3) and 174G>C (IL6) were more prevalent in subjects with MetS, whereas the minor allele of Taq-1B (CETP) was less prevalent in subjects with the MetS. After having systematically reviewed the most studied SNP-MetS associations, we found evidence for an association with the MetS for eight SNPs, mostly located in genes involved in lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Povel
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
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Curti MLR, Jacob P, Borges MC, Rogero MM, Ferreira SRG. Studies of gene variants related to inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and obesity: implications for a nutrigenetic approach. J Obes 2011; 2011:497401. [PMID: 21773006 PMCID: PMC3136190 DOI: 10.1155/2011/497401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Revised: 02/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is currently considered a serious public health issue due to its strong impact on health, economy, and quality of life. It is considered a chronic low-grade inflammation state and is directly involved in the genesis of metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, there is evidence that genetic variation that predisposes to inflammation and metabolic disturbances could interact with environmental factors, such as diet, modulating individual susceptibility to developing these conditions. This paper aims to review the possible interactions between diet and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes implicated on the inflammatory response, lipoprotein metabolism, and oxidative status. Therefore, the impact of genetic variants of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-(PPAR-)gamma, tumor necrosis factor-(TNF-)alpha, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, apolipoprotein (Apo) A1, Apo A2, Apo A5, Apo E, glutathione peroxidases 1, 2, and 4, and selenoprotein P exposed to variations on diet composition is described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sandra Roberta G. Ferreira
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, 715, 01246-904, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sánchez-Moreno C, Ordovás JM, Smith CE, Baraza JC, Lee YC, Garaulet M. APOA5 gene variation interacts with dietary fat intake to modulate obesity and circulating triglycerides in a Mediterranean population. J Nutr 2011; 141:380-5. [PMID: 21209257 PMCID: PMC3040902 DOI: 10.3945/jn.110.130344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 08/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
APOA5 is one of the strongest regulators of plasma TG concentrations; nevertheless, its mechanisms of action are poorly characterized. Genetic variability at the APOA5 locus has also been associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk; however, this predisposition could be attenuated in the context of a prudent diet as traditionally consumed in the Mediterranean countries. We have investigated the interaction between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at the APOA5 gene (-1131T > C) and dietary fat that may modulate TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations and anthropometric measures in overweight and obese participants. We recruited 1465 participants from a Spanish population (20-65 y old; BMI 25-40 kg/m(2)) attending outpatient obesity clinics. Consistent with previous reports, we found an association between the APOA5-1131T > C SNP and TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations that were higher in carriers of the minor allele than in noncarriers (P < 0.001). Moreover, we found a significant genotype-dietary fat interaction for obesity traits. Participants homozygous for the -1131T major allele had a positive association between fat intake and obesity, whereas in those carrying the APOA5-1131C minor allele, higher fat intakes were not associated with higher BMI. Likewise, we found genotype-dietary fat interactions for TG-rich lipoproteins (P < 0.001). In conclusion, we have replicated previous gene-diet interactions between APOA5 -1131T > C SNP and fat intake for obesity traits and detected a novel interaction for TG-rich lipoprotein concentrations. Our data support the hypothesis that the minor C-allele may protect those consuming a high-fat diet from obesity and elevated concentrations of TG-rich lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, s/n. 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose M. Ordovás
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Genetics Centro Nacional Investigación Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain 28029
| | - Caren E. Smith
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Juan C. Baraza
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, s/n. 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, s/n. 30100, Murcia, Spain
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111
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Huang T, Bhulaidok S, Cai Z, Xu T, Xu F, Wahlqvist ML, Li D. Plasma phospholipids n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid is associated with metabolic syndrome. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 54:1628-35. [PMID: 20540149 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201000025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between n-3 PUFA and metabolic syndrome (MS) is not clear. The aim of this study was to examine relationships between plasma phospholipids (PL) n-3 PUFA and MS in Chinese subjects. Nine hundred and twenty-nine subjects were recruited in Hangzhou, China. Two hundred and ten (183 males, 27 females) with MS and 719 (545 males, 174 females) healthy subjects were identified in this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of MS in females (24.56%) was significantly higher than that in males (10.04%) in this population. Total PUFA (p<0.001), n-3 PUFA (p<0.001), and n-3:n-6 (p<0.001) were significantly lower in MS subjects compared to healthy subjects. Plasma phospholipid (PL), n-3 PUFA was significantly inversely associated with MS (p = 0.013). In addition, subjects with high levels of PL total fatty acids (FA) had a more than threefold higher likelihood of MS (OR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.60-7.39) than the subjects with low levels of PL total FA. Our results suggest that plasma PL n-3 PUFA was significantly inversely associated with MS, while high total FA were positively associated with MS in Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Huang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, PR China
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30
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Lee YC, Lai CQ, Ordovas JM, Parnell LD. A Database of Gene-Environment Interactions Pertaining to Blood Lipid Traits, Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 2. [PMID: 22328972 DOI: 10.4172/2153-0602.1000106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As the role of the environment - diet, exercise, alcohol and tobacco use and sleep among others - is accorded a more prominent role in modifying the relationship between genetic variants and clinical measures of disease, consideration of gene-environment (GxE) interactions is a must. To facilitate incorporation of GxE interactions into single-gene and genome-wide association studies, we have compiled from the literature a database of GxE interactions relevant to nutrition, blood lipids, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Over 550 such interactions have been incorporated into a single database, along with over 1430 instances where a lack of statistical significance was found. This database will serve as an important resource to researchers in genetics and nutrition in order to gain an understanding of which points in the human genome are sensitive to variations in diet, physical activity and alcohol use, among other lifestyle choices. Furthermore, this GxE database has been designed with future integration into a larger database of nutritional phenotypes in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chi Lee
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, Jean Mayer-United States Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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He F, Xu X, Hu D, Ma S, Tang L, Fan W, Chen B, Zhou J, Ma Z. Apolipoprotein A5-12238 T>C gene polymorphism and risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the Guo Shan Yao and the Han populations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2011; 49:1755-7. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm.2011.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven H Zeisel
- UNC Nutrition Research Institute at Kannapolis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Kannapolis, NC, USA
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33
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Lu Y, Feskens EJM, Boer JMA, Imholz S, Verschuren WMM, Wijmenga C, Vaarhorst A, Slagboom E, Müller M, Dollé MET. Exploring genetic determinants of plasma total cholesterol levels and their predictive value in a longitudinal study. Atherosclerosis 2010; 213:200-5. [PMID: 20832063 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma total cholesterol (TC) levels are highly genetically determined. Although ample evidence of genetic determination of separate lipoprotein cholesterol levels has been reported, using TC level directly as a phenotype in a relatively large broad-gene based association study has not been reported to date. METHODS AND RESULTS We genotyped 361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 243 genes based on pathways potentially relevant to cholesterol metabolism in 3575 subjects that were examined thrice over 11 years. Twenty-three SNPs were associated with TC levels after adjustment for multiple testing. We used 12 of them (rs7412 and rs429358 in APOE, rs646776 in CELSR2, rs1367117 in APOB, rs6756629 in ABCG5, rs662799 in APOA5, rs688 in LDLR, rs10889353 in DOCK7, rs2304130 in NCAN, rs3846662 in HMGCR, rs2275543 in ABCA1, rs7275 in SMARCA4) that were confirmed in previous candidate association or genome-wide-association studies to define a gene risk score (GRS). Average TC levels increased from 5.23 ± 0.82 mmol/L for those with 11 or less cholesterol raising alleles to 6.03 ± 1.11 mmol/L for those with 18 or more (P for trend<0.0001). The association with TC levels was slightly stronger when the weighted GRS that weighted the magnitude of allelic effects was used. CONCLUSION A panel of common genetic variants in the genes pivotal in cholesterol metabolism could possibly help identify those people who are at risk of high cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchang Lu
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Center, PO Box 8129, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Zhao T, Zhao J. Association of the apolipoprotein A5 gene -1131 T>C polymorphism with fasting blood lipids: a meta-analysis in 37859 subjects. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2010; 11:120. [PMID: 20696075 PMCID: PMC2924867 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-11-120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies examining the association of apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) gene -1131 T>C polymorphism with blood lipids produced inconsistent results. In this meta-analysis encompassing all the relevant studies, we aimed to investigate the association of the -1131 T>C polymorphism with fasting blood lipids. METHODS We limited our analysis to the following four blood lipid variables: total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Subjects were confined to adults who were at least 18 years old. A dominant model was used for this meta-analysis. 37 studies with 37859 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the carriers of -1131C allele have higher blood TC and TG than the non-carriers: standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.08, 95% confidence interval (CI, 0.05, 0.11), P < 0.00001, P(heterogeneity) = 0.42, and SMD = 0.31, 95% CI (0.27, 0.34), P < 0.00001, P(heterogeneity) = 0.0003, respectively. Significant association between the -1131 T>C polymorphism and lower blood HDL-C was also detected under the dominant model: SMD = -0.17, 95% CI (-0.21, -0.14), P < 0.00001, P(heterogeneity) = 0.003. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis supports the strong association of the APOA5 -1131 T>C polymorphism with higher levels of TC and TG, and lower levels of HDL-C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongfeng Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Jiangpei Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 453 Tiyuchang Road, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
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Vrablik M, Hubacek JA. Genetic determination of triglyceridemia with special focus on apolipoprotein gene variants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Rudkowska I, Vohl MC. Interaction between diets, polymorphisms and plasma lipid levels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.10.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity, dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease are complex and determined by both genetic and environmental factors and their inter-relationships. Many associations from genome-wide association studies and candidate gene approaches have described a multitude of polymorphisms associating with lipid and obesity phenotypes but identified genetic variants account for only a small fraction of phenotypic variation. RECENT FINDINGS That many genotype-phenotype associations involve variants under positive selection and that those variants respond to environmental cues together suggest prominent roles for both genetic adaptation and their interactions with the environment. Adaptive genetic variations interacting with environment modulate disease susceptibility but the level to which those variants contribute to dyslipidemia and obesity and how environmental factors, especially diet, alter the genetic association is not yet completely known. SUMMARY It is evident that genetic variants under positive selection make important contributions to obesity and heart disease risk. Advances in resequencing the entire human genome will enable accurate identification of adaptive variants. Considering interactions between environmental factors and genotypes will empower both genome-wide association studies and characterization of the relationship between positive selection and the obese and dyslipidemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence D Parnell
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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