1
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Deszcz I. Stem Cell-Based Therapy and Cell-Free Therapy as an Alternative Approach for Cardiac Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2729377. [PMID: 37954462 PMCID: PMC10635745 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2729377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization reports that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent 32% of all global deaths. The ineffectiveness of conventional therapies in CVDs encourages the development of novel, minimally invasive therapeutic strategies for the healing and regeneration of damaged tissue. The self-renewal capacity, multilineage differentiation, lack of immunogenicity, and immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them a promising option for CVDs. However, growing evidence suggests that myocardial regeneration occurs through paracrine factors and extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion, rather than through differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Research shows that stem cells secrete or surface-shed into their culture media various cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and EVs, which constitute an MSC-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) or the secretome. The use of MSC-CM enhances cardiac repair through resident heart cell differentiation, proliferation, scar mass reduction, a decrease in infarct wall thickness, and cardiac function improvement comparable to MSCs without their side effects. This review highlights the limitations and benefits of therapies based on stem cells and their secretome as an innovative treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Deszcz
- Department of Immunopathology and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556, Wroclaw, Poland
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2
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:1-40. [PMID: 35126826 PMCID: PMC8788183 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases’ morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
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3
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Mehanna RA, Essawy MM, Barkat MA, Awaad AK, Thabet EH, Hamed HA, Elkafrawy H, Khalil NA, Sallam A, Kholief MA, Ibrahim SS, Mourad GM. Cardiac stem cells: Current knowledge and future prospects. World J Stem Cells 2022. [PMID: 35126826 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i1.1]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is the field concerned with the repair and restoration of the integrity of damaged human tissues as well as whole organs. Since the inception of the field several decades ago, regenerative medicine therapies, namely stem cells, have received significant attention in preclinical studies and clinical trials. Apart from their known potential for differentiation into the various body cells, stem cells enhance the organ's intrinsic regenerative capacity by altering its environment, whether by exogenous injection or introducing their products that modulate endogenous stem cell function and fate for the sake of regeneration. Recently, research in cardiology has highlighted the evidence for the existence of cardiac stem and progenitor cells (CSCs/CPCs). The global burden of cardiovascular diseases' morbidity and mortality has demanded an in-depth understanding of the biology of CSCs/CPCs aiming at improving the outcome for an innovative therapeutic strategy. This review will discuss the nature of each of the CSCs/CPCs, their environment, their interplay with other cells, and their metabolism. In addition, important issues are tackled concerning the potency of CSCs/CPCs in relation to their secretome for mediating the ability to influence other cells. Moreover, the review will throw the light on the clinical trials and the preclinical studies using CSCs/CPCs and combined therapy for cardiac regeneration. Finally, the novel role of nanotechnology in cardiac regeneration will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Essawy
- Oral Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Mona A Barkat
- Human Anatomy and Embryology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ashraf K Awaad
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Eman H Thabet
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hamed
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Hagar Elkafrawy
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Khalil
- Medical Biochemistry Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Abeer Sallam
- Medical Physiology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Kholief
- Forensic Medicine and Clinical toxicology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Histology and Cell Biology Department/Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21500, Egypt.
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4
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Genome-wide methylome pattern predictive network analysis reveal mesenchymal stem cell's propensity to undergo cardiovascular lineage. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:12. [PMID: 34966635 PMCID: PMC8660944 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiation toward cardiovascular lineage prediction using the global methylome profile will highlight its prospective utility in regenerative medicine. We examined the propensity prediction to cardiovascular lineage using 5-Aza, a well-known cardiac lineage inducer. The customized 180 K microarray was performed and further analysis of global differentially methylated regions by Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) in both MSCs and 5-AC-treated MSCs. The cluster enrichment tools sorted differentially enriched genes and further annotated to construct the interactive networks. Prediction analysis revealed pathways pertaining to the cardiovascular lineage found active in the native MSCs, suggesting its higher propensity to undergo cardiac, smooth muscle cell, and endothelial lineages in vitro. Interestingly, gene interaction network also proposed majorly stemness gene network NANOG and KLF6, cardiac-specific transcription factors GATA4, NKX2.5, and TBX5 were upregulated in the native MSCs. Furthermore, the expression of cardiovascular lineage specific markers such as Brachury, CD105, CD90, CD31, KDR and various forms of ACTIN (cardiac, sarcomeric, smooth muscle) were validated in native MSCs using real time PCR and immunostaining and blotting analysis. In 5-AC-treated MSCs, mosaic interactive networks were observed to persuade towards osteogenesis and cardiac lineage, indicating that 5-AC treatment resulted in nonspecific lineage induction in MSCs, while MSCs by default have a higher propensity to undergo cardiovascular lineage. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03058-2.
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5
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Richardson WJ, Rogers JD, Spinale FG. Does the Heart Want What It Wants? A Case for Self-Adapting, Mechano-Sensitive Therapies After Infarction. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:705100. [PMID: 34568449 PMCID: PMC8460777 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.705100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for interventions to control the development and remodeling of scar tissue after myocardial infarction. A significant hurdle to fibrosis-related therapy is presented by the complex spatial needs of the infarcted ventricle, namely that collagenous buildup is beneficial in the ischemic zone but detrimental in the border and remote zones. As a new, alternative approach, we present a case to develop self-adapting, mechano-sensitive drug targets in order to leverage local, microenvironmental mechanics to modulate a therapy's pharmacologic effect. Such approaches could provide self-tuning control to either promote fibrosis or reduce fibrosis only when and where it is beneficial to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesse D Rogers
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Francis G Spinale
- Cardiovascular Translational Research Center, University of South Carolina School of Medicine and Columbia Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Columbia, SC, United States
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6
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Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Post-Myocardial Infarction Therapeutic Toolkit: An Experienced View. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091336. [PMID: 34575412 PMCID: PMC8471243 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Outstanding progress has been achieved in developing therapeutic options for reasonably alleviating symptoms and prolonging the lifespan of patients suffering from myocardial infarction (MI). Current treatments, however, only partially address the functional recovery of post-infarcted myocardium, which is in fact the major goal for effective primary care. In this context, we largely investigated novel cell and TE tissue engineering therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair, particularly using multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and natural extracellular matrices, from pre-clinical studies to clinical application. A further step in this field is offered by MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EV), which are naturally released nanosized lipid bilayer-delimited particles with a key role in cell-to-cell communication. Herein, in this review, we further describe and discuss the rationale, outcomes and challenges of our evidence-based therapy approaches using Wharton's jelly MSC and derived EV in post-MI management.
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7
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Parchehbaf-Kashani M, Ansari H, Mahmoudi E, Barekat M, Sepantafar M, Rajabi S, Pahlavan S. Heart Repair Induced by Cardiac Progenitor Cell Delivery within Polypyrrole-Loaded Cardiogel Post-ischemia. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:4849-4861. [PMID: 35007034 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) irreversibly injures the heart tissue. Cardiovascular tissue engineering has been developed as a promising therapeutic approach for post-MI repair. Previously, we discovered the ability of a polypyrrole (PPy)-incorporated cardiogel (CG) for improvement of maturity and functional synchrony of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. Here, we used the cross-linked form of PPy-incorporated CG (CG-PPy), in order to improve electromechanical properties of scaffold, for application in cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) transplantation on post-MI rat hearts. Improved mechanical property and electrical conductivity (sixfold) were evident in the cross-linked CG-PPy (P1) compared to cross-linked CG (C1) scaffolds. Transplantation of CPC-loaded P1 (P1-CPC) resulted in substantial improvement of cardiac functional properties. Furthermore, lower fibrotic tissue and higher CPC retention were observed. The grafted cells showed cardiomyocyte characteristics when stained with human cardiac troponin T and connexin43 antibodies, while neovessel formation was similarly prominent. These findings highlight the therapeutic promise of the P1 scaffold as a CPC carrier for functional restoration of the heart post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Parchehbaf-Kashani
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Hassan Ansari
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Elena Mahmoudi
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Maryam Barekat
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Mohammadmajid Sepantafar
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Sarah Rajabi
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
| | - Sara Pahlavan
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635-148, Iran
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8
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Liu Z, Naveed M, Baig MMFA, Mikrani R, Li C, Saeed M, Zhang Q, Farooq MA, Zubair HM, Xiaohui Z. Therapeutic approach for global myocardial injury using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by cardiac support device in rats. Biomed Microdevices 2021; 23:5. [PMID: 33415464 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-020-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been considered a promising therapeutic approach to cardiovascular disease. This study intends to compare the effect of BMSCs through a standard active cardiac support device (ASD) and intravenous injection on global myocardial injury induced by isoproterenol. BMSCs were cultured in vitro, and the transplanted cells were labeled with a fluorescent dye CM-Dil. Isoproterenol (ISO) was injected into the rats; 2 weeks later, the labeled cells were transplanted into ISO-induced heart-jury rats through the tail vein or ASD device for 5 days. The rats were sacrificed on the first day, the third day, and the fifth day after transplantation to observe the distribution of cells in the myocardium by fluorescence microscopy. The hemodynamic indexes of the left ventricle were measured before sacrificing. H&E staining and Masson's trichrome staining were used to evaluate the cardiac histopathology. In the ASD groups, after 3 days of transplantation, there were a large number of BMSCs on the epicardial surface, and after 5 days of transplantation, BMSCs were widely distributed in the ventricular muscle. But in the intravenous injection group, there were no labeled-BMSCs distributed. In the ASD + BMSCs-three days treated group and ASD + BMSCs -five days-treated group, left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dP/dt), the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (-dP/dt) increased compared with model group and intravenous injection group (P < 0.05). By giving BMSCs through ASD device, cells can rapidly and widely distribute in the myocardium and significantly improve heart function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China.,School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuican Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Saeed
- Faculty of Animal Production and Technology, The Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, 6300, Pakistan
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Asim Farooq
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Zhou Xiaohui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211198, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Heart Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 2110017, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital affiliated with Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210017, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Kook YM, Hwang S, Kim H, Rhee KJ, Lee K, Koh WG. Cardiovascular tissue regeneration system based on multiscale scaffolds comprising double-layered hydrogels and fibers. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20321. [PMID: 33230134 PMCID: PMC7683622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77187-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a technique to reconstruct cardiovascular tissue using multiscale scaffolds incorporating polycaprolactone fibers with double-layered hydrogels comprising fibrin hydrogel surrounded by secondary alginate hydrogel. The scaffolds compartmentalized cells into the core region of cardiac tissue and the peripheral region of blood vessels to construct cardiovascular tissue, which was accomplished by a triple culture system of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) with C2C12 myoblasts on polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers along with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in fibrin hydrogel. The secondary alginate hydrogel prevented encapsulated cells from migrating outside scaffold and maintained the scaffold structure without distortion after subcutaneous implantation. According to in vitro studies, resultant scaffolds promoted new blood vessel formation as well as cardiomyogenic phenotype expression of ADSCs. Cardiac muscle-specific genes were expressed from stem cells and peripheral blood vessels from HUVECs were also successfully developed in subcutaneously implanted cell-laden multiscale scaffolds. Furthermore, the encapsulated stem cells modulated the immune response of scaffolds by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines for successful tissue construction. Our study reveals that multiscale scaffolds can be promising for the remodeling and transplantation of cardiovascular tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Min Kook
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonjae Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University at Wonju, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Republic of Korea.,Natural Product Informatics Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerim Kim
- Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Jong Rhee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Yonsei University at Wonju, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 220-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Kangwon Lee
- Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Gun Koh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Huang H, Xu Z, Qi Y, Zhang W, Zhang C, Jiang M, Deng S, Wang H. Exosomes from SIRT1-Overexpressing ADSCs Restore Cardiac Function by Improving Angiogenic Function of EPCs. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:737-750. [PMID: 32771925 PMCID: PMC7412761 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the leading causes of mortality in cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether exosomes from Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1)-overexpressing adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) had a protective effect on AMI. The expression of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) was significantly downregulated in peripheral blood endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from AMI patients (AMI-EPCs) compared with that in healthy donors, which coincided with impaired tube formation. The exosomes from SIRT1 overexpression in ADSCs (ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos) increased the expression of C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) and nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) in AMI-EPCs, which promoted migration and tube formation of AMI-EPCs, and overexpression of CXCR7 helped AMI-EPCs to restore the function of cell migration and tube formation. Moreover, CXCR7 was downregulated in the myocardium of AMI mice, and knockout of CXCR7 exacerbated AMI-induced impairment of cardiovascular function. Injection of ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos increased the survival and promoted the recovery of myocardial function with reduced infarct size and post-AMI left ventricular remodeling, induced vasculogenesis, and decreased AMI-induced myocardial inflammation. These findings showed that ADSCs-SIRT1-Exos may recruit EPCs to the repair area and that this recruitment may be mediated by Nrf2/CXCL12/CXCR7 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Zhenxing Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Chenjun Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Mei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Shengqiong Deng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Pudong New Area Gongli Hospital, Shanghai 200135, P.R. China.
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11
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Ozaki Tan SJ, Floriano JF, Nicastro L, Emanueli C, Catapano F. Novel Applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes for Myocardial Infarction Therapeutics. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E707. [PMID: 32370160 PMCID: PMC7277090 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, representing approximately a third of all deaths every year. The greater part of these cases is represented by myocardial infarction (MI), or heart attack as it is better known, which occurs when declining blood flow to the heart causes injury to cardiac tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that represent a promising vector for cell therapies that aim to treat MI due to their potent regenerative effects. However, it remains unclear the extent to which MSC-based therapies are able to induce regeneration in the heart and even less clear the degree to which clinical outcomes could be improved. Exosomes, which are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) known to have implications in intracellular communication, derived from MSCs (MSC-Exos), have recently emerged as a novel cell-free vector that is capable of conferring cardio-protection and regeneration in target cardiac cells. In this review, we assess the current state of research of MSC-Exos in the context of MI. In particular, we place emphasis on the mechanisms of action by which MSC-Exos accomplish their therapeutic effects, along with commentary on the current difficulties faced with exosome research and the ongoing clinical applications of stem-cell derived exosomes in different medical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Joseph Ozaki Tan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Juliana Ferreria Floriano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
- Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618687, Brazil
| | - Laura Nicastro
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Costanza Emanueli
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
| | - Francesco Catapano
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK; (S.J.O.T.); (J.F.F.); (L.N.)
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12
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Wagner MJ, Khan M, Mohsin S. Healing the Broken Heart; The Immunomodulatory Effects of Stem Cell Therapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:639. [PMID: 32328072 PMCID: PMC7160320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality within the United States. Current treatments being administered to patients who suffered a myocardial infarction (MI) have increased patient survival, but do not facilitate the replacement of damaged myocardium. Recent studies demonstrate that stem cell-based therapies promote myocardial repair; however, the poor engraftment of the transferred stem cell populations within the infarcted myocardium is a major limitation, regardless of the cell type. One explanation for poor cell retention is attributed to the harsh inflammatory response mounted following MI. The inflammatory response coupled to cardiac repair processes is divided into two distinct phases. The first phase is initiated during ischemic injury when necrosed myocardium releases Danger Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) and chemokines/cytokines to induce the activation and recruitment of neutrophils and pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (MΦs); in turn, facilitating necrotic tissue clearance. During the second phase, a shift from the M1 inflammatory functional phenotype to the M2 anti-inflammatory and pro-reparative functional phenotype, permits the resolution of inflammation and the establishment of tissue repair. T-regulatory cells (Tregs) are also influential in mediating the establishment of the pro-reparative phase by directly regulating M1 to M2 MΦ differentiation. Current studies suggest CD4+ T-lymphocyte populations become activated when presented with autoantigens released from the injured myocardium. The identity of the cardiac autoantigens or paracrine signaling molecules released from the ischemic tissue that directly mediate the phenotypic plasticity of T-lymphocyte populations in the post-MI heart are just beginning to be elucidated. Stem cells are enriched centers that contain a diverse paracrine secretome that can directly regulate responses within neighboring cell populations. Previous studies identify that stem cell mediated paracrine signaling can influence the phenotype and function of immune cell populations in vitro, but how stem cells directly mediate the inflammatory microenvironment of the ischemic heart is poorly characterized and is a topic of extensive investigation. In this review, we summarize the complex literature that details the inflammatory microenvironment of the ischemic heart and provide novel insights regarding how paracrine mediated signaling produced by stem cell-based therapies can regulate immune cell subsets to facilitate pro-reparative myocardial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus J Wagner
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Center for Metabolic Disease, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Physiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sadia Mohsin
- Independence Blue Cross Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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KC P, Hong Y, Zhang G. Cardiac tissue-derived extracellular matrix scaffolds for myocardial repair: advantages and challenges. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:185-199. [PMID: 31404421 PMCID: PMC6683951 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) derived from myocardium has been widely explored as a nature scaffold for cardiac tissue engineering applications. Cardiac dECM offers many unique advantages such as preservation of organ-specific ECM microstructure and composition, demonstration of tissue-mimetic mechanical properties and retention of biochemical cues in favor of subsequent recellularization. However, current processes of dECM decellularization and recellularization still face many challenges including the need for balance between cell removal and extracellular matrix preservation, efficient recellularization of dECM for obtaining homogenous cell distribution, tailoring material properties of dECM for enhancing bioactivity and prevascularization of thick dECM. This review summarizes the recent progresses of using dECM scaffold for cardiac repair and discusses its major advantages and challenges for producing biomimetic cardiac patch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan KC
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Olson Research Center, Room 301L, 260 S Forge Street, Akron, OH, USA
| | - Yi Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 UTA Blvd, Room 240, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Olson Research Center, Room 301L, 260 S Forge Street, Akron, OH, USA
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14
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Yang K, Song HF, He S, Yin WJ, Fan XM, Ru F, Gong H, Zhai XY, Zhang J, Peng ZX, Xi GX, Xie J, Li RK. Effect of neuron-derived neurotrophic factor on rejuvenation of human adipose-derived stem cells for cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5981-5993. [PMID: 31287219 PMCID: PMC6714174 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The decline of cell function caused by ageing directly impacts the therapeutic effects of autologous stem cell transplantation for heart repair. The aim of this study was to investigate whether overexpression of neuron‐derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF) can rejuvenate the adipose‐derived stem cells in the elderly and such rejuvenated stem cells can be used for cardiac repair. Human adipose‐derived stem cells (hADSCs) were obtained from donors age ranged from 17 to 92 years old. The effects of age on the biological characteristics of hADSCs and the expression of ageing‐related genes were investigated. The effects of transplantation of NDNF over‐expression stem cells on heart repair after myocardial infarction (MI) in adult mice were investigated. The proliferation, migration, adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of hADSCs inversely correlated with age. The mRNA and protein levels of NDNF were significantly decreased in old (>60 years old) compared to young hADSCs (<40 years old). Overexpression of NDNF in old hADSCs significantly improved their proliferation and migration capacity in vitro. Transplantation of NDNF‐overexpressing old hADSCs preserved cardiac function through promoting angiogenesis on MI mice. NDNF rejuvenated the cellular function of aged hADSCs. Implantation of NDNF‐rejuvenated hADSCs improved angiogenesis and cardiac function in infarcted mouse hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Dayi Hospital affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Anatomy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Sheng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wen-Juan Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue-Mei Fan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Dayi Hospital affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Ru
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hui Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhai
- Department of Anatomy, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Yuci, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ze-Xu Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guang-Xia Xi
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanxi Dayi Hospital affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ren-Ke Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Effects of transplantation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α genemodified cardiac stem cells on cardiac function of heart failure rats after myocardial infarction. Anatol J Cardiol 2019; 20:318-329. [PMID: 30504732 PMCID: PMC6287433 DOI: 10.14744/anatoljcardiol.2018.91979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of transplantation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) gene-modified cardiac stem cells (CSCs) on the cardiac function of heart failure rats after myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: HIF-1α-modified CSCs group, single CSCs group, and model group. The model of heart failure after MI was established by thoracotomy-left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, followed by injection of modified CSCs, single CSCs, and PBS, respectively, 2 weeks later. The results were observed 4 weeks later. RESULTS CSCs were infected with recombinant adenovirus. HIF-1α mRNA level of HIF-1α-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)+CSCs group significantly surpassed those of EGFP+CSCs and CSCs groups (p<0.001). Left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEFs) of HIF-1α+CSCs+MI and CSCs+MI groups significantly increased compared with the model group (p<0.001). The difference between LVEFs before and after transplantation was positively correlated with the survival rate of CSCs in infarction border zone (r=0.867, p<0.001). The apoptosis rate of HIF1α+CSCs+MI group was significantly lower than that of CSCs+MI group (p=0.008). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in HIF-1α+CSCs+MI group significantly increased, compared with that of MI group (p<0.001). The capillary density of HIF-1α+CSCs+MI group significantly exceeded that of CSCs+MI group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Transplantation of either HIF-1α-modified CSCs or single CSCs reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rats with heart failure after MI, promoted vascular regeneration in infarct area, and improved cardiac function. Particularly, HIF-1α-modified CSCs had more significant effects.
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Liang W, Chen J, Li L, Li M, Wei X, Tan B, Shang Y, Fan G, Wang W, Liu W. Conductive Hydrogen Sulfide-Releasing Hydrogel Encapsulating ADSCs for Myocardial Infarction Treatment. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:14619-14629. [PMID: 30939870 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) exhibits extensive protective actions in cardiovascular systems, such as anti-inflammatory and stimulating angiogenesis, but its therapeutic potential is severely discounted by the short half-life and the poorly controlled releasing behavior. Herein, we developed a macromolecular H2S prodrug by grafting 2-aminopyridine-5-thiocarboxamide (a small-molecule H2S donor) on partially oxidized alginate (ALG-CHO) to mimic the slow and continuous release of endogenous H2S. In addition, tetraaniline (a conductive oligomer) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were introduced to form a stem cell-loaded conductive H2S-releasing hydrogel through the Schiff base reaction between ALG-CHO and gelatin. The hydrogel exhibited adhesive property to ensure a stable anchoring to the wet and beating hearts. After myocardial injection, longer ADSCs retention period and elevated sulfide concentration in rat myocardium were demonstrated, accompanied by upregulation of cardiac-related mRNA (Cx43, α-SMA, and cTnT) and angiogenic factors (VEGFA and Ang-1) and downregulation of inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α). Echocardiography and histological analysis strongly demonstrated an increase in the ejection fraction value and smaller infarction size, suggesting a remarkable improvement of the cardiac functions of Sprague-Dawley rats. The ADSC-loaded conductive hydrogen sulfide-releasing hydrogel dramatically promoted the therapeutic effects, offering a promising therapeutic strategy for treating myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Jingrui Chen
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Lingyan Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Min Li
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Xiaojuan Wei
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities , Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University , Shanghai 200233 , China
| | - Baoyu Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yingying Shang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine , Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Tianjin 300193 , China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
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17
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Şişli HB, Hayal TB, Seçkin S, Şenkal S, Kıratlı B, Şahin F, Doğan A. Gene Editing in Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: Recent Advances for Clinical Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1237:17-28. [PMID: 31728915 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2019_439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The identification of human embryonic stem cells and reprogramming technology to obtain induced pluripotent stem cells from adult somatic cells have provided unique opportunity to create human disease models, gene editing strategies and cell therapy options.Development of pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells and genomic manipulation tools enabled to use site specific nucleases in the cell therapy research. Identification of efficient gene manipulation, safe differentiation and use will provide a novel strategy to treat many diseases in the near future. Current available registered clinical trials clearly indicate the need for pluripotent stem cell and gene therapy treatment options. Although gene editing based pluripotent stem cell research is a popular field for research worldwide, improvement of clinical approaches for treatment still remains to be investigated. In this review, we summarized the current situation of gene editing based pluripotent cell therapy developments and applications in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Burcu Şişli
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Taha Bartu Hayal
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Seçkin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selinay Şenkal
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Binnur Kıratlı
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Doğan
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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18
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Wnt/β-catenin-mediated signaling re-activates proliferation of matured cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:338. [PMID: 30526659 PMCID: PMC6286613 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of second heart field (SHF Isl1+) that gives rise to the anterior heart field (AHF) cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) for the formation of the right ventricle, outflow tract (OFT), and a portion of the inflow tract (IFT). During early cardiogenesis, these AHF CPCs reside within the pharyngeal mesoderm (PM) that provides a microenvironment for them to receive signals that direct their cell fates. Here, N-cadherin, which is weakly expressed by CPCs, plays a significant role by promoting the adhesion of CPCs within the AHF, regulating β-catenin levels in the cytoplasm to maintain high Wnt signaling and cardioproliferation while also preventing the premature differentiation of CPCs. On the contrary, strong expression of N-cadherin observed throughout matured myocardium is associated with downregulation of Wnt signaling due to β-catenin sequestration at the cell membrane, inhibiting cardioproliferation. As such, upregulation of Wnt signaling pathway to enhance cardiac tissue proliferation in mature cardiomyocytes can be explored as an interesting avenue for regenerative treatment to patients who have suffered from myocardial infarction. Methods To investigate if Wnt signaling is able to enhance cellular proliferation of matured cardiomyocytes, we treated cardiomyocytes isolated from adult mouse heart and both murine and human ES cell-derived matured cardiomyocytes with N-cadherin antibody or CHIR99021 GSK inhibitor in an attempt to increase levels of cytoplasmic β-catenin. Immunostaining, western blot, and quantitative PCR for cell proliferation markers, cell cycling markers, and Wnt signaling pathway markers were used to quantitate re-activation of cardioproliferation and Wnt signaling. Results N-cadherin antibody treatment releases sequestered β-catenin at N-cadherin-based adherens junction, resulting in an increased pool of cytoplasmic β-catenin, similar in effect to CHIR99021 GSK inhibitor treatment. Both treatments therefore upregulate Wnt signaling successfully and result in significant increases in matured cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusion Although both N-cadherin antibody and CHIR99021 treatment resulted in increased Wnt signaling and cardioproliferation, CHIR99021 was found to be the more effective treatment method for human ES cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Therefore, we propose that CHIR99021 could be a potential therapeutic option for myocardial infarction patients in need of regeneration of cardiac tissue. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1086-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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19
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Lee DY, Cha BH, Jung M, Kim AS, Bull DA, Won YW. Cell surface engineering and application in cell delivery to heart diseases. J Biol Eng 2018; 12:28. [PMID: 30524502 PMCID: PMC6278044 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-018-0123-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapy has expanded its influence in cancer immunotherapy, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering. Due to their secretory functions, differentiation capabilities, specific homing effects through chemotaxis, distinctive therapeutic potentials, and ex vivo expandability, cells have become an attractive reagent for advanced therapeutic strategies. Therefore, the ability to modify cells and manipulate their functions according to intended therapeutic designs has been the central scientific interest in the field of biomedical research. Many innovative methods have been developed with genetic modification of cells being the most advanced cell surface engineering technique. Although genetic modification is a powerful tool, it has a limited applicability due to the permanent modifications made on cells. Alternatively, many endeavors have been made to develop surface engineering techniques that can circumvent the limitations of genetic modification. In this review, current methods of non-genetic cell surface modification, including chemical conjugations, polymeric encapsulation, hydrophobic insertion, enzymatic and metabolic addition, will be introduced. Moreover, cell surface engineering plausible for cardiac remodeling and the future prospective will be discussed at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y. Lee
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
| | - Byung-Hyun Cha
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
| | - Minjin Jung
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
| | - Angela S. Kim
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
| | - David A. Bull
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
| | - Young-Wook Won
- Division of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Room 4302D, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, Arizona 85724 USA
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20
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Cui H, Miao S, Esworthy T, Zhou X, Lee SJ, Liu C, Yu ZX, Fisher JP, Mohiuddin M, Zhang LG. 3D bioprinting for cardiovascular regeneration and pharmacology. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 132:252-269. [PMID: 30053441 PMCID: PMC6226324 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Compared to traditional therapeutic strategies, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is one of the most advanced techniques for creating complicated cardiovascular implants with biomimetic features, which are capable of recapitulating both the native physiochemical and biomechanical characteristics of the cardiovascular system. The present review provides an overview of the cardiovascular system, as well as describes the principles of, and recent advances in, 3D bioprinting cardiovascular tissues and models. Moreover, this review will focus on the applications of 3D bioprinting technology in cardiovascular repair/regeneration and pharmacological modeling, further discussing current challenges and perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Shida Miao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Timothy Esworthy
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Se-Jun Lee
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Chengyu Liu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Zu-Xi Yu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | | | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Department of Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
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21
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Sommese L, Zullo A, Schiano C, Mancini FP, Napoli C. Possible Muscle Repair in the Human Cardiovascular System. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 13:170-191. [PMID: 28058671 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative potential of tissues and organs could promote survival, extended lifespan and healthy life in multicellular organisms. Niches of adult stemness are widely distributed and lead to the anatomical and functional regeneration of the damaged organ. Conversely, muscular regeneration in mammals, and humans in particular, is very limited and not a single piece of muscle can fully regrow after a severe injury. Therefore, muscle repair after myocardial infarction is still a chimera. Recently, it has been recognized that epigenetics could play a role in tissue regrowth since it guarantees the maintenance of cellular identity in differentiated cells and, therefore, the stability of organs and tissues. The removal of these locks can shift a specific cell identity back to the stem-like one. Given the gradual loss of tissue renewal potential in the course of evolution, in the last few years many different attempts to retrieve such potential by means of cell therapy approaches have been performed in experimental models. Here we review pathways and mechanisms involved in the in vivo repair of cardiovascular muscle tissues in humans. Moreover, we address the ongoing research on mammalian cardiac muscle repair based on adult stem cell transplantation and pro-regenerative factor delivery. This latter issue, involving genetic manipulations of adult cells, paves the way for developing possible therapeutic strategies in the field of cardiovascular muscle repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Sommese
- Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine, U.O.C. Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.
| | - Alberto Zullo
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy.,CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, s.c.ar.l, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Francesco P Mancini
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Internal and Specialty Medicine, U.O.C. Clinical Immunology, Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Regional Reference Laboratory of Transplant Immunology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Piazza Miraglia 2, 80138, Naples, Italy.,IRCCS Foundation SDN, Naples, Italy
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22
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MicroRNA-210-mediated proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis promote cardiac repair post myocardial infarction in rodents. J Mol Med (Berl) 2017; 95:1369-1385. [PMID: 28948298 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-017-1591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
An innovative approach for cardiac regeneration following injury is to induce endogenous cardiomyocyte (CM) cell cycle re-entry. In the present study, CMs from adult rat hearts were isolated and transfected with cel-miR-67 (control) and rno-miR-210. A significant increase in CM proliferation and mono-nucleation were observed in miR-210 group, in addition to a reduction in CM size, multi-nucleation, and cell death. When compared to control, β-catenin and Bcl-2 were upregulated while APC (adenomatous polyposis coli), p16, and caspase-3 were downregulated in miR-210 group. In silico analysis predicted cell cycle inhibitor, APC, as a direct target of miR-210 in rodents. Moreover, compared to control, a significant increase in CM survival and proliferation were observed with siRNA-mediated inhibition of APC. Furthermore, miR-210 overexpressing C57BL/6 mice (210-TG) were used for short-term ischemia/reperfusion study, revealing smaller cell size, increased mono-nucleation, decreased multi-nucleation, and increased CM proliferation in 210-TG hearts in contrast to wild-type (NTG). Likewise, myocardial infarction (MI) was created in adult mice, echocardiography was performed, and the hearts were harvested for immunohistochemistry and molecular studies. Compared to NTG, 210-TG hearts showed a significant increase in CM proliferation, reduced apoptosis, upregulated angiogenesis, reduced infarct size, and overall improvement in cardiac function following MI. β-catenin, Bcl-2, and VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) were upregulated while APC, p16, and caspase-3 were downregulated in 210-TG hearts. Overall, constitutive overexpression of miR-210 rescues heart function following cardiac injury in adult mice via promoting CM proliferation, cell survival, and angiogenesis. KEY MESSAGES MiRNA-210 transfected adult rat CMs show proliferation and reduced cell death in vitro. Cell cycle inhibitor APC is a target of miR-210. MiR-210 overexpressing (210-TG) mouse hearts show CMs cell cycle re-entry and survival post myocardial injury. 210-TG mice show significant neovascularization and angiogenic potential post myocardial infarction. 210-TG hearts show reduced infarct size following ischemic injury.
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Sattler S, Fairchild P, Watt FM, Rosenthal N, Harding SE. The adaptive immune response to cardiac injury-the true roadblock to effective regenerative therapies? NPJ Regen Med 2017; 2:19. [PMID: 29302355 PMCID: PMC5677967 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-017-0022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regenerative capacity of adult human tissues and organs is limited, but recent developments have seen the advent of promising new technologies for regenerative therapy. The human heart is of particular interest for regenerative medicine, as cardiac tissue damage is repaired by the formation of rigid scar tissue, which causes inevitable structural changes and progressive functional decline leading to heart failure. Cardiac regenerative medicine aims to prevent scar formation or replace existing scars to halt or reverse adverse remodeling and therapeutic approaches include the use of biomaterials, gene therapies, delivery of growth factors, and (stem) cell therapies. Regenerative therapies, however, face significant obstacles in a hostile microenvironment. While the early immune response to a myocardial infarct is essential to ensure tissue integrity and to avoid fatal cardiac rupture, excessive activation of endogenous repair mechanisms may lead to ongoing inflammation, fibrosis, and sustained autoimmune-mediated tissue damage. Anti-cardiac autoreactivity of the adaptive immune system has been suggested to be involved in structural remodeling, functional decline, and the development of heart failure. It is, therefore, crucial to first understand the endogenous response to cardiac tissue damage and how to restore immune tolerance to cardiac tissue, before additional regenerative therapies can achieve their full potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Sattler
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
| | - Paul Fairchild
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RE UK
| | - Fiona M Watt
- Centre for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - Nadia Rosenthal
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK.,The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA
| | - Sian E Harding
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
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24
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Doppler SA, Lange R, Laugwitz KL, Krane M. Cardiac development: from current understanding to new regenerative concepts. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:S1-S4. [PMID: 28446962 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.03.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A Doppler
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl-Ludwig Laugwitz
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,I. Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Krane
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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25
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Abraham P, Maliekal TT. Single cell biology beyond the era of antibodies: relevance, challenges, and promises in biomedical research. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:1177-1189. [PMID: 27714408 PMCID: PMC11107591 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2382-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Research of the past two decades has proved the relevance of single cell biology in basic research and translational medicine. Successful detection and isolation of specific subsets is the key to understand their functional heterogeneity. Antibodies are conventionally used for this purpose, but their relevance in certain contexts is limited. In this review, we discuss some of these contexts, posing bottle neck for different fields of biology including biomedical research. With the advancement of chemistry, several methods have been introduced to overcome these problems. Even though microfluidics and microraft array are newer techniques exploited for single cell biology, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) remains the gold standard technique for isolation of cells for many biomedical applications, like stem cell therapy. Here, we present a comprehensive and comparative account of some of the probes that are useful in FACS. Further, we illustrate how these techniques could be applied in biomedical research. It is postulated that intracellular molecular markers like nucleostemin (GNL3), alkaline phosphatase (ALPL) and HIRA can be used for improving the outcome of cardiac as well as bone regeneration. Another field that could utilize intracellular markers is diagnostics, and we propose the use of specific peptide nucleic acid probes (PNPs) against certain miRNAs for cancer surgical margin prediction. The newer techniques for single cell biology, based on intracellular molecules, will immensely enhance the repertoire of possible markers for the isolation of cell types useful in biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Abraham
- Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Tessy Thomas Maliekal
- Cancer Research, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695014, India.
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26
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Carvajal-Vergara X, Prósper F. Are we closer to cardiac regeneration? Stem Cell Investig 2016; 3:59. [PMID: 27868041 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2016.09.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xonia Carvajal-Vergara
- Cell Therapy Program, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Program, Foundation for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain;; Cell Therapy Area, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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27
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A Cell-Enriched Engineered Myocardial Graft Limits Infarct Size and Improves Cardiac Function: Pre-Clinical Study in the Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2016; 1:360-372. [PMID: 30167524 PMCID: PMC6113410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a dreadful disease around the world, causing irreversible sequelae that shorten life expectancy and reduce quality of life despite current treatment. Here, the authors engineered a cell-enriched myocardial graft, composed of a decellularized myocardial matrix refilled with adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells (EMG-ATDPC). Once applied over the infarcted area in the swine MI model, the EMG-ATDPC improved cardiac function, reduced infarct size, attenuated fibrosis progression, and promoted neovascularization of the ischemic myocardium. The beneficial effects exerted by the EMG-ATDPC and the absence of identified adverse side effects should facilitate its clinical translation as a novel MI therapy in humans. MI remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite major treatment advances achieved during the past decades. Administration of an engineered myocardial graft, composed of decellularized myocardial matrix refilled with ATDPCs (EMG-ATDPC), in a porcine pre-clinical MI model, may support cardiac recovery following MI. Thirty days post-EMG-ATDPC implantation, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and comprehensive histological analysis were performed to evaluate its impact on myocardial restoration. EMG-ATDPC resulted in better left ventricular ejection fraction, higher vessel density and neovascularization, and reduced infarct size by 68%, as well as limited fibrosis. Accordingly, EMG-ATDPC is ready to start the translational avenue toward phase I first-in-man clinical trials.
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Key Words
- ATDPC, adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells
- CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging
- EMG, engineered myocardial graft
- GFP, green fluorescent protein
- IsoB4, isolectin B4
- LV, left ventricle/ventricular
- LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction
- MI, myocardial infarction
- SMA, smooth muscle actin
- adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells
- cTnI, cardiac troponin I
- cardiac tissue engineering
- decellularized myocardial scaffold
- myocardial infarction
- pATDPC, porcine adipose tissue-derived progenitor cell
- pre-clinical model
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28
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Singh A, Singh A, Sen D. Mesenchymal stem cells in cardiac regeneration: a detailed progress report of the last 6 years (2010-2015). Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:82. [PMID: 27259550 PMCID: PMC4893234 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0341-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have been used for cardiovascular regenerative therapy for decades. These cells have been established as one of the potential therapeutic agents, following several tests in animal models and clinical trials. In the process, various sources of mesenchymal stem cells have been identified which help in cardiac regeneration by either revitalizing the cardiac stem cells or revascularizing the arteries and veins of the heart. Although mesenchymal cell therapy has achieved considerable admiration, some challenges still remain that need to be overcome in order to establish it as a successful technique. This in-depth review is an attempt to summarize the major sources of mesenchymal stem cells involved in myocardial regeneration, the significant mechanisms involved in the process with a focus on studies (human and animal) conducted in the last 6 years and the challenges that remain to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - Dwaipayan Sen
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, India. .,Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular and Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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29
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Awada HK, Hwang MP, Wang Y. Towards comprehensive cardiac repair and regeneration after myocardial infarction: Aspects to consider and proteins to deliver. Biomaterials 2016; 82:94-112. [PMID: 26757257 PMCID: PMC4872516 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. After the onset of myocardial infarction, many pathological changes take place and progress the disease towards heart failure. Pathologies such as ischemia, inflammation, cardiomyocyte death, ventricular remodeling and dilation, and interstitial fibrosis, develop and involve the signaling of many proteins. Proteins can play important roles in limiting or countering pathological changes after infarction. However, they typically have short half-lives in vivo in their free form and can benefit from the advantages offered by controlled release systems to overcome their challenges. The controlled delivery of an optimal combination of proteins per their physiologic spatiotemporal cues to the infarcted myocardium holds great potential to repair and regenerate the heart. The effectiveness of therapeutic interventions depends on the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of the cargo proteins and the spatiotemporal control of their release. It is likely that multiple proteins will provide a more comprehensive and functional recovery of the heart in a controlled release strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan K Awada
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Mintai P Hwang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA; Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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30
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Autonomous beating rate adaptation in human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10312. [PMID: 26785135 PMCID: PMC4735644 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic success of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes critically depends on their ability to respond to and integrate with the surrounding electromechanical environment. Currently, the immaturity of human cardiomyocytes derived from stem cells limits their utility for regenerative medicine and biological research. We hypothesize that biomimetic electrical signals regulate the intrinsic beating properties of cardiomyocytes. Here we show that electrical conditioning of human stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes in three-dimensional culture promotes cardiomyocyte maturation, alters their automaticity and enhances connexin expression. Cardiomyocytes adapt their autonomous beating rate to the frequency at which they were stimulated, an effect mediated by the emergence of a rapidly depolarizing cell population, and the expression of hERG. This rate-adaptive behaviour is long lasting and transferable to the surrounding cardiomyocytes. Thus, electrical conditioning may be used to promote cardiomyocyte maturation and establish their automaticity, with implications for cell-based reduction of arrhythmia during heart regeneration.
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31
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Pharmacological Therapy in the Heart as an Alternative to Cellular Therapy: A Place for the Brain Natriuretic Peptide? Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:5961342. [PMID: 26880973 PMCID: PMC4735943 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5961342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery that stem cells isolated from different organs have the ability to differentiate into mature beating cardiomyocytes has fostered considerable interest in developing cellular regenerative therapies to treat cardiac diseases associated with the loss of viable myocardium. Clinical studies evaluating the potential of stem cells (from heart, blood, bone marrow, skeletal muscle, and fat) to regenerate the myocardium and improve its functional status indicated that although the method appeared generally safe, its overall efficacy has remained modest. Several issues raised by these studies were notably related to the nature and number of injected cells, as well as the route and timing of their administration, to cite only a few. Besides the direct administration of cardiac precursor cells, a distinct approach to cardiac regeneration could be based upon the stimulation of the heart's natural ability to regenerate, using pharmacological approaches. Indeed, differentiation and/or proliferation of cardiac precursor cells is controlled by various endogenous mediators, such as growth factors and cytokines, which could thus be used as pharmacological agents to promote regeneration. To illustrate such approach, we present recent results showing that the exogenous administration of the natriuretic peptide BNP triggers “endogenous” cardiac regeneration, following experimental myocardial infarction.
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32
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Cardiac Niche Influences the Direct Reprogramming of Canine Fibroblasts into Cardiomyocyte-Like Cells. Stem Cells Int 2015; 2016:4969430. [PMID: 26681949 PMCID: PMC4670879 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4969430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are caused by mutation of dystrophin gene and primarily affect skeletal and cardiac muscles. Cardiac involvement in dystrophic GRMD dogs has been demonstrated by electrocardiographic studies with the onset of a progressive cardiomyopathy similar to the cardiac disease in DMD patients. In this respect, GRMD is a useful model to explore cardiac and skeletal muscle pathogenesis and for developing new therapeutic protocols. Here we describe a protocol to convert GRMD canine fibroblasts isolated from heart and skin into induced cardiac-like myocytes (ciCLMs). We used a mix of transcription factors (GATA4, HAND2, TBX5, and MEF2C), known to be able to differentiate mouse and human somatic cells into ciCLMs. Exogenous gene expression was obtained using four lentiviral vectors carrying transcription factor genes and different resistance genes. Our data demonstrate a direct switch from fibroblast into ciCLMs with no activation of early cardiac genes. ciCLMs were unable to contract spontaneously, suggesting, differently from mouse and human cells, an incomplete differentiation process. However, when transplanted in neonatal hearts of SCID/Beige mice, ciCLMs participate in cardiac myogenesis.
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33
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Efficient long-term survival of cell grafts after myocardial infarction with thick viable cardiac tissue entirely from pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16842. [PMID: 26585309 PMCID: PMC4653625 DOI: 10.1038/srep16842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor engraftment of cells after transplantation to the heart is a common and unresolved problem in the cardiac cell therapies. We previously generated cardiovascular cell sheets entirely from pluripotent stem cells with cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and vascular mural cells. Though sheet transplantation showed a better engraftment and improved cardiac function after myocardial infarction, stacking limitation (up to 3 sheets) by hypoxia hampered larger structure formation and long-term survival of the grafts. Here we report an efficient method to overcome the stacking limitation. Insertion of gelatin hydrogel microspheres (GHMs) between each cardiovascular cell sheet broke the viable limitation via appropriate spacing and fluid impregnation with GHMs. Fifteen sheets with GHMs (15-GHM construct; >1 mm thickness) were stacked within several hours and viable after 1 week in vitro. Transplantation of 5-GHM constructs (≈2 × 10(6) of total cells) to a rat myocardial infarction model showed rapid and sustained functional improvements. The grafts were efficiently engrafted as multiple layered cardiovascular cells accompanied by functional capillary networks. Large engrafted cardiac tissues (0.8 mm thickness with 40 cell layers) successfully survived 3 months after TX. We developed an efficient method to generate thicker viable tissue structures and achieve long-term survival of the cell graft to the heart.
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34
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Zhao X, Balaji P, Pachon R, Beniamen DM, Vatner DE, Graham RM, Vatner SF. Overexpression of Cardiomyocyte α1A-Adrenergic Receptors Attenuates Postinfarct Remodeling by Inducing Angiogenesis Through Heterocellular Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:2451-9. [PMID: 26338300 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.115.305919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stimulation of cardiac α1A-adrenergic receptors (α1A-AR) has been proposed for treatment of heart failure, since it increases myocardial contractility. We investigated a different mechanism, induction of angiogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS Four to 6 weeks after permanent coronary artery occlusion, transgenic rats with cardiomyocyte-specific α1A-adrenergic receptor overexpression had less remodeling than their nontransgenic littermates, with less fibrosis, hypertrophy and lung weight, and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction and wall stress (all P<0.05). Coronary blood flow, measured with microspheres, increased in the infarct zone in transgenic rats compared with nontransgenic littermates (1.4±0.2 versus 0.5±0.08 mL min(-1) g(-1); P<0.05), which is consistent with angiogenesis, as reflected by a 20% increase in capillary density in the zone adjacent to the infarct. The question arose, how does transgenic overexpression of a gene in cardiomyocytes induce angiogenesis? We identified a paracrine mechanism, whereby vascular endothelial growth factor-A mRNA and protein were increased in isolated transgenic cardiomyocytes and also by nontransgenic littermate cardiomyocytes treated with an α1A-agonist, resulting in angiogenesis. Conditioned medium from cultured cardiomyocytes treated with an α1A agonist enhanced human umbilical vein endothelial cell tubule formation, which was blocked by an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor-A antibody. Moreover, improved cardiac function, blood flow, and increased capillary density after chronic coronary artery occlusion in transgenic rats were blocked by either a mitogen ERK kinase (MEK) or a vascular endothelial growth factor-A inhibitor. CONCLUSION Cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of the α1A-adrenergic receptors resulted in enhanced MEK-dependent cardiomyocyte vascular endothelial growth factor-A expression, which stimulates angiogenesis via a paracrine mechanism involving heterocellular cardiomyocyte/endothelial cell signaling, protecting against remodeling and heart failure after chronic coronary artery occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Poornima Balaji
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Ronald Pachon
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Daniella M Beniamen
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Dorothy E Vatner
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Robert M Graham
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.)
| | - Stephen F Vatner
- From the Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark (X.Z., R.P., D.E.V., S.F.V.); and Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute and Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (P.B., D.M.B., R.M.G.).
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35
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Doppler SA, Deutsch MA, Lange R, Krane M. Direct Reprogramming-The Future of Cardiac Regeneration? Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:17368-93. [PMID: 26230692 PMCID: PMC4581198 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160817368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, the only available curative therapy for end stage congestive heart failure (CHF) is heart transplantation. This therapeutic option is strongly limited by declining numbers of available donor hearts and by restricted long-term performance of the transplanted graft. The disastrous prognosis for CHF with its restricted therapeutic options has led scientists to develop different concepts of alternative regenerative treatment strategies including stem cell transplantation or stimulating cell proliferation of different cardiac cell types in situ. However, first clinical trials with overall inconsistent results were not encouraging, particularly in terms of functional outcome. Among other approaches, very promising ongoing pre-clinical research focuses on direct lineage conversion of scar fibroblasts into functional myocardium, termed “direct reprogramming” or “transdifferentiation.” This review seeks to summarize strategies for direct cardiac reprogramming including the application of different sets of transcription factors, microRNAs, and small molecules for an efficient generation of cardiomyogenic cells for regenerative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A Doppler
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich 80636, Germany.
| | - Marcus-André Deutsch
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich 80636, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich 80636, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80802, Germany.
| | - Markus Krane
- Division of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich 80636, Germany.
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich 80802, Germany.
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36
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Milasinovic D, Mohl W. Contemporary perspective on endogenous myocardial regeneration. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:793-805. [PMID: 26131310 PMCID: PMC4478626 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i5.793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the complex nature of the adult heart, it is no wonder that innate regenerative processes, while maintaining adequate cardiac function, fall short in myocardial jeopardy. In spite of these enchaining limitations, cardiac rejuvenation occurs as well as restricted regeneration. In this review, the background as well as potential mechanisms of endogenous myocardial regeneration are summarized. We present and analyze the available evidence in three subsequent steps. First, we examine the experimental research data that provide insights into the mechanisms and origins of the replicating cardiac myocytes, including cell populations referred to as cardiac progenitor cells (i.e., c-kit+ cells). Second, we describe the role of clinical settings such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemia, as initiators of pathways of endogenous myocardial regeneration. Third, the hitherto conducted clinical studies that examined different approaches of initiating endogenous myocardial regeneration in failing human hearts are analyzed. In conclusion, we present the evidence in support of the notion that regaining cardiac function beyond cellular replacement of dysfunctional myocardium via initiation of innate regenerative pathways could create a new perspective and a paradigm change in heart failure therapeutics. Reinitiating cardiac morphogenesis by reintroducing developmental pathways in the adult failing heart might provide a feasible way of tissue regeneration. Based on our hypothesis “embryonic recall”, we present first supporting evidence on regenerative impulses in the myocardium, as induced by developmental processes.
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37
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Ding R, Jiang X, Ha Y, Wang Z, Guo J, Jiang H, Zheng S, Shen Z, Jie W. Activation of Notch1 signalling promotes multi-lineage differentiation of c-Kit(POS)/NKX2.5(POS) bone marrow stem cells: implication in stem cell translational medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2015; 6:91. [PMID: 25956503 PMCID: PMC4446115 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-015-0085-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can repair injured hearts. However, whether BMSC populations contain cells with cardiac stem cell characteristics is ill-defined. We report here that Notch signalling can promote differentiation of c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Methods Total BMSCs were isolated from Sprague–Dawley rat femurs and c-KitPOS cells were purified. c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were isolated by single-cell cloning, and the presence of cardiomyocyte, smooth muscle cell (SMC), and endothelial cell differentiation markers assessed by immunofluorescence staining and semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Levels of c-Kit and Notch1–4 in total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs were quantitated by flow cytometry. Following infection with an adenovirus over-expressing Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD), total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were assessed for differentiation to cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell lineages by immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were treated with the Notch1 ligand Jagged1 and markers of cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell differentiation were examined by immunofluorescence staining and real-time quantitative RT-PCR analysis. Results c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells were present among total BMSC populations, and these cells did not express markers of adult cardiomyocyte, SMC, or endothelial cell lineages. c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs exhibited a multi-lineage differentiation potential similar to total BMSCs. Following sorting, the c-Kit level in c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs was 84.4%. Flow cytometry revealed that Notch1 was the predominant Notch receptor present in total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs. Total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs overexpressing NICD had active Notch1 signalling accompanied by differentiation into cardiomyocyte, SMC, and endothelial cell lineages. Treatment of total BMSCs and c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs with exogenous Jagged1 activated Notch1 signalling and drove multi-lineage differentiation, with a tendency towards cardiac lineage differentiation in c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs. Conclusions c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS cells exist in total BMSC pools. Activation of Notch1 signalling contributed to multi-lineage differentiation of c-KitPOS/NKX2.5POS BMSCs, favouring differentiation into cardiomyocytes. These findings suggest that modulation of Notch1 signalling may have potential utility in stem cell translational medicine. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-015-0085-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranran Ding
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Xiaofan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Yanping Ha
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Zhenliang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Junli Guo
- Cardiovascular Institute of Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Hanguo Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Shaojiang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Institute of Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical College, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Zhihua Shen
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
| | - Wei Jie
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Krane
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, D-80636 Munich, Germany (M.K., M.-A.D., S.D., R.L.); DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (M.K., R.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (S.M.W.).
| | - Marcus-André Deutsch
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, D-80636 Munich, Germany (M.K., M.-A.D., S.D., R.L.); DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (M.K., R.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (S.M.W.).
| | - Stefanie Doppler
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, D-80636 Munich, Germany (M.K., M.-A.D., S.D., R.L.); DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (M.K., R.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (S.M.W.)
| | - Rüdiger Lange
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, D-80636 Munich, Germany (M.K., M.-A.D., S.D., R.L.); DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (M.K., R.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (S.M.W.)
| | - Sean M Wu
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Division of Experimental Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München, D-80636 Munich, Germany (M.K., M.-A.D., S.D., R.L.); DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research)-partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany (M.K., R.L.); and Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA (S.M.W.).
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Cinteza M. Gene therapy and cardiomyocyte transplant in heart failure. MAEDICA 2014; 9:229-231. [PMID: 25705283 PMCID: PMC4305989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Cinteza
- "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania ; Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania
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