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Lim DW, Yoo G, Kim YT, Lee C. Antidepressant-like Effects of Chinese Quince ( Chaenomeles sinensis) Fruit Based on In Vivo and Molecular Docking Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5838. [PMID: 38892026 PMCID: PMC11172133 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined the potential antidepressant-like effects of Chinese quince fruit extract (Chaenomeles sinensis fruit extract, CSFE) in an in vivo model induced by repeated injection of corticosterone (CORT)-induced depression. HPLC analysis determined that chlorogenic acid (CGA), neo-chlorogenic acid (neo-CGA), and rutin (RT) compounds were major constituents in CSFE. Male ICR mice (5 weeks old) were orally administered various doses (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) of CSFE and selegiline (10 mg/kg), a monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor, as a positive control following daily intraperitoneal injections of CORT (40 mg/kg) for 21 days. In our results, mice treated with CSFE exhibited significant improvements in depressive-like behaviors induced by CORT. This was evidenced by reduced immobility times in the tail suspension test and forced swim test, as well as increased step-through latency times in the passive avoidance test. Indeed, mice treated with CSFE also exhibited a significant decrease in anxiety-like behaviors as measured by the elevated plus maze test. Moreover, molecular docking analysis indicated that CGA and neo-CGA from CSFE had stronger binding to the active site of MAO-B. Our results indicate that CSFE has potential antidepressant effects in a mouse model of repeated injections of CORT-induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changho Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (D.W.L.); (G.Y.); (Y.T.K.)
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Kanon AP, Giezenaar C, Roy NC, Jayawardana IA, Lomiwes D, Montoya CA, McNabb WC, Henare SJ. Effects of Green and Gold Kiwifruit Varieties on Antioxidant Neuroprotective Potential in Pigs as a Model for Human Adults. Nutrients 2024; 16:1097. [PMID: 38674790 PMCID: PMC11055029 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit (KF) has shown neuroprotective potential in cell-based and rodent models by augmenting the capacity of endogenous antioxidant systems. This study aimed to determine whether KF consumption modulates the antioxidant capacity of plasma and brain tissue in growing pigs. Eighteen male pigs were divided equally into three groups: (1) bread, (2) bread + Actinidia deliciosa cv. 'Hayward' (green-fleshed), and (3) bread + A. chinensis cv. 'Hort16A' (yellow-fleshed). Following consumption of the diets for eight days, plasma and brain tissue (brain stem, corpus striatum, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex) were collected and measured for biomarkers of antioxidant capacity, enzyme activity, and protein expression assessments. Green KF significantly increased ferric-reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP) in plasma and all brain regions compared with the bread-only diet. Gold KF increased plasma ascorbate concentration and trended towards reducing acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain compared with the bread-only diet. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between FRAP in the brain stem, prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus with the total polyphenol concentration of dietary interventions. These findings provide exploratory evidence for the benefits of KF constituents in augmenting the brain's antioxidant capacity that may support neurological homeostasis during oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Kanon
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
- Alpha-Massey Natural Nutraceutical Research Centre, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Caroline Giezenaar
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
- Food Experience and Sensory Testing Laboratory, School of Food and Advanced Technology, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand
| | - Nicole C. Roy
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
- Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Isuri A. Jayawardana
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
| | - Dominic Lomiwes
- Immune Health and Physical Performance, Nutrition and Health Group, The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Carlos A. Montoya
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
- Smart Foods and Bioproducts, AgResearch Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
| | - Warren C. McNabb
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
- High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Sharon J. Henare
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Massey University, Te Ohu Rangahau Kai Facility, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand; (C.G.); (N.C.R.); (I.A.J.); (C.A.M.); (W.C.M.)
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Recent Progress in Research on Mechanisms of Action of Natural Products against Alzheimer's Disease: Dietary Plant Polyphenols. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213886. [PMID: 36430365 PMCID: PMC9695301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable degenerative disease of the central nervous system and the most common type of dementia in the elderly. Despite years of extensive research efforts, our understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of AD is still highly limited. Nevertheless, several hypotheses related to risk factors for AD have been proposed. Moreover, plant-derived dietary polyphenols were also shown to exert protective effects against neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In this review, we summarize the regulatory effects of the most well-known plant-derived dietary polyphenols on several AD-related molecular mechanisms, such as amelioration of oxidative stress injury, inhibition of aberrant glial cell activation to alleviate neuroinflammation, inhibition of the generation and promotion of the clearance of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, inhibition of cholinesterase enzyme activity, and increase in acetylcholine levels in the brain. We also discuss the issue of bioavailability and the potential for improvement in this regard. This review is expected to encourage further research on the role of natural dietary plant polyphenols in the treatment of AD.
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10-O-(N N-Dimethylaminoethyl)-Ginkgolide B Methane-Sulfonate (XQ-1H) Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia Via Suppressing Neuronal Apoptosis. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105987. [PMID: 34273708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 10-O-(N N-dimethylaminoethyl)-ginkgolide B methane-sulfonate (XQ-1H) is an effective novel drug for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease derived from Ginkgolide B, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, whether XQ-1H exerts neuroprotective effect via regulating neuronal apoptosis and the underlying mechanism remain to be elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of XQ-1H in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) and the oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induced neuronal apoptosis on pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells. RESULTS The results showed that administration of XQ-1H at different dosage (7.8, 15.6, 31.2 mg/kg) reduced the brain infarct and edema, attenuated the neuro-behavioral dysfunction, and improved cell morphology in brain tissue after MCAO/R in rats. Moreover, incubation with XQ-1H (1 µM, 3 µM, 10 µM, 50 µM, 100 µM) could increase the cell viability, and showed no toxic effect to PC-12 cells. XQ-1H at following 1 µM, 10 µM, 100 µM decreased the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and suppressed the cell apoptosis in PC-12 cells exposed to OGD/R. In addition, XQ-1H treatment could significantly inhibit caspase-3 activation both in vivo and in vitro, reciprocally modulate the expression of apoptosis related proteins, bcl-2, and bax via activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. For mechanism verification, LY294002, the inhibitor of PI3K/Akt pathway was introduced the expressions of bcl-2 and phosphorylated Akt were down-regulated, the expression of bax was up-regulated, indicating that XQ-1H could alleviate the cell apoptosis through activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that XQ-1H treatment could provide a neuroprotective effect against ischemic stroke induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro through regulating neuronal survival and inhibiting apoptosis. The findings of the study confirmed that XQ-1H could be develop as a potential drug for treatment of cerebral ischemic stroke.
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Kitamura Y, Sakanashi M, Ozawa A, Saeki Y, Nakamura A, Hara Y, Saeki KI, Arimoto-Kobayashi S. Protective effect of Actinidia arguta in MPTP-induced Parkinson's disease model mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 555:154-159. [PMID: 33819745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.03.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Oxidative stress-induced neuronal death has been identified as one of the major causes of nigrostriatal degeneration in PD. The fruit of Actinidia arguta (A. arguta), known as sarunashi in Japan, has been reported to show beneficial health effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anticholinergic effects. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effects of A. arguta in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropypridine (MPTP)-induced PD model mice. A. arguta juice was administered to 7-week-old C57BL/6J mice continuously for 10 days before the first MPTP injection. The degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra was induced by MPTP (30 mg/kg, i. p.) once daily for five consecutive days. We found that the administration of A. arguta ameliorated MPTP-induced motor impairment and suppressed the MPTP-induced reductions of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons and tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression in the substantia nigra. Our findings suggest that taking A. arguta could provide neuroprotection that delays or prevents the neurodegenerative process of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kitamura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan.
| | - Mayuko Sakanashi
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Azuki Ozawa
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Yuri Saeki
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Ayano Nakamura
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Yuiho Hara
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Saeki
- College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Sakae Arimoto-Kobayashi
- Graduated School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Characterization of Phenolics in Rejected Kiwifruit and Their Antioxidant Potential. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9050781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit hold significant nutritional value and are a good source of antioxidants due to their diverse range of bioactive compounds. Kiwifruit waste is generated throughout the food supply chain, particularly during transportation and storage. Kiwifruit rejected from the retail market due to unfavorable appearance still possess potential economic value as kiwifruit are abundant in phenolic compounds. The present work studied the phenolic profile and antioxidant potential of rejected kiwifruit, including SunGold (Actinidia chinensis), Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa), and round organic Hayward (Actinidia deliciosa). Regarding phenolics estimation, SunGold possessed the highest TPC (0.72 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), while Hayward exhibited the highest TFC (0.05 ± 0.09 mg QE/g). In antioxidant assays, SunGold showed the highest antioxidant activities in DPPH (0.31 ± 0.35 mg AAE/g), FRAP (0.48 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g), ABTS (0.69 ± 0.07 mg AAE/g), •OH-RSA (0.07 ± 0.03 mg AAE/g) assays, and FICA (0.19 ± 0.07 mg EDTA/g), whereas Hayward showed the highest RPA (0.09 ± 0.02 mg AAE/g) and TAC (0.57 ± 0.04 mg AAE/g). Separation and characterization of phenolics were conducted using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. A total of 97 phenolics were tentatively characterized from rejected SunGold (71 phenolics), Hayward (55 phenolics), and round organic Hayward (9 phenolics). Hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonols were the most common phenolics characterized in the three samples. The quantitative analysis was conducted by HPLC-PDA and found that chlorogenic acid (23.98 ± 0.95 mg/g), catechin (23.24 ± 1.16 mg/g), and quercetin (24.59 ± 1.23 mg/g) were the most abundant phenolics present in the rejected kiwifruit samples. The notable presence of phenolic compounds and their corresponding antioxidant capacities indicate the potential value of rescuing rejected kiwifruit for further utilization and commercial exploitation.
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Kim JJ, Kim HK. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Caprylic Acid Vanillyl Ester Produced by Lipase-Mediated Transesterification. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:317-326. [PMID: 33203820 PMCID: PMC9723275 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2010.10018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Vanillyl alcohol (VA), which is abundant in Vanilla bean, has strong antioxidant activity. However, the use of VA in the food and cosmetics industries is limited, due to its low solubility in emulsion or organic solvents. Meanwhile, medium chain fatty acids and medium chain monoglycerides have antibacterial activity. We synthesized butyric acid vanillyl ester (BAVE) or caprylic acid vanillyl ester (CAVE) from VA with tributyrin or tricaprylin through transesterification reaction using immobilized lipases. BAVE and CAVE scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals in organic solvents. In addition, BAVE and CAVE decreased the production rate of conjugated diene and triene in the menhaden oil-in-water emulsion system. While BAVE showed no antibacterial activity, CAVE showed antibacterial activity against food spoilage bacteria, including Bacillus coagulans. In this study, the antibacterial activity of vanillyl ester with medium chain fatty acid was first revealed. Zeta potential measurements confirmed that BAVE and CAVE were inserted into B. coagulans membrane. In addition, the propidium iodide uptake assay and fluorescent microscopy showed that CAVE increased B. coagulans membrane permeability. Therefore, CAVE is expected to play an important role in the food and cosmetics industries as a bi-functional material with both antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Ju Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Kwoun Kim
- Division of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-2-2164-4890 Fax: +82-2-2164-4865 E-mail:
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Wang S, Qiu Y, Zhu F. Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.): A review of chemical diversity and biological activities. Food Chem 2020; 350:128469. [PMID: 33485721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) is a commercially important fruit crop. Various species and cultivars, non-fruit plant parts, and agricultural and processing wastes are underutilized. A broad-scoped review of kiwifruit guides further innovative applications. Different kiwifruit varieties and edible and nonedible parts varied in the composition of dietary nutrients including polyphenols, vitamins, dietary fiber, and functional ingredients, such as starch and protease and bioactive phytochemicals. Kiwifruits exhibit antioxidative, antiproliferative, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antihypercholesterolemic, neuroprotective, antiobese properties and promote gut health. Clinically significant effects of kiwifruit on prevention and/or treatment of major chronic diseases are not yet evident. Varieties and plant parts, extraction, analytical and processing methods affect the physicochemical and biological properties of kiwifruit-derived ingredients. Allergens, mycotoxins, pesticides and heavy metals are the chemical hazards of kiwifruits. Future research should be focused on sustainable uses of underutilized resources as functional ingredients, bioactive compound purification, composition-activity relationships, and physiological mechanisms and clinical significance of kiwifruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunan Wang
- Canadian Food and Wine Institute, Niagara College, 135 Taylor Road, Niagara-on-the-Lake, Ontario L0S 1J0, Canada; School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Yi Qiu
- Division of Engineering Science, Faculty of Applied Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, 35 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Fan Zhu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Jeong HR, Cho HS, Cho YS, Kim DO. Changes in phenolics, soluble solids, vitamin C, and antioxidant capacity of various cultivars of hardy kiwifruits during cold storage. Food Sci Biotechnol 2020; 29:1763-1770. [PMID: 33282443 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-020-00822-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hardy kiwifruits (Actinidia arguta) contain various bioactive compounds such as vitamin C and phenolics and can withstand cold temperatures. Changes in soluble solid, vitamin C, total phenolic, and total flavonoid content, and antioxidant capacity of three cultivars of hardy kiwifruits (A. arguta × A. deliciosa cv. Mansu, A. arguta cv. Haeyeon, and A. arguta cv. Chiak) were comparatively evaluated for 8 weeks of storage at 1 ± 0.5 °C. After the 8 weeks of storage, soluble solid content of three cultivars increased, whereas their vitamin C content decreased. Throughout this storage period, total phenolic and flavonoid content of cv. Mansu and cv. Haeyeon remained the same, while antioxidant capacity of these two cultivars also remained similar but with slightly more variations. Cv. Chiak, however, showed a decrease in total phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity. These results suggest that cold storage of the hardy kiwifruits maintains levels of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Ram Jeong
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Seung Cho
- Fruit Research Institute, Jeonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Sup Cho
- Fruit Research Institute, Jeonnam Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Haenam, 59021 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ok Kim
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104 Republic of Korea
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