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Degirmenci A, Unalan Degirmenci B. Effects of Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Surface Treatments and Composites with Different Viscosities on the Repair Bond Strength of CAD/CAM Resin Nanoceramic. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2212. [PMID: 39125237 PMCID: PMC11314485 DOI: 10.3390/polym16152212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the repair micro-shear bond strength of the CAD/CAM resin nanoceramic block treated using four different surface treatments and composite resins of different viscosities. For the current study, 96 samples with dimensions of 14 × 12 × 2 mm were obtained from a CAD/CAM resin nanoceramic block (Cerasmart) with a low-speed precision cutting saw under water cooling. The relevant samples were randomly divided into four groups according to the surface treatment processes: grinding with diamond bur, aluminum oxide airborne-particle abrasion, long-pulse laser, and short-pulse laser. Following silane application, universal adhesive was applied to all surface-treated samples and cured with an LED for 10 s. The samples prepared for the repair procedure were divided into two subgroups (microhybrid composite and injectable composite) according to the viscosity of the repair material to be used (n = 12). After the repair procedure, care was taken to keep the samples in distilled water in an incubator at 37 °C for 24 h. The repair micro-shear bond strength values (μSBSs) of CAD/CAM resin nanoceramic-composite resin complexes were tested. In addition, randomly selected samples from each group were examined with a scanning electron microscope to evaluate the surface topography after both surface treatments and the micro-shear bond strength test. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni test. It was determined that the surface treatment preferred in the repair protocol significantly affected the μSBS value (p < 0.001). While the highest μSBS value was obtained with the short-pulse laser airradiation group, the lowest μSBS values were found in samples with long pulse laser irradiation. However, samples grinded with a bur and airborne-particle abrasion showed similar μSBS values (p > 0.05). The preferred composite viscosity in the repair procedure has a significant effect on the μSBS value (p < 0.001). However, the interaction between the surface treatment and the viscosity of the repair composite does not affect the μSBS values in a statistically significant way (p = 0.193). It may be recommended to clinicians to repair CAD/CAM resin nanoceramic restoration surfaces with injectable composites or after treatment with short-pulse lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alperen Degirmenci
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Van Yuzuncu Yil, 65090 Van, Turkey
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Calheiros-Lobo MJ, Carbas R, da Silva LFM, Pinho T. Impact of in vitro findings on clinical protocols for the adhesion of CAD-CAM blocks: A systematic integrative review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 131:1051-1070. [PMID: 36543700 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) blocks have evolved rapidly, making it difficult to establish the best clinical protocol for bonding a given block and whether an established protocol is appropriate for a newly introduced product. PURPOSE This integrative systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to clarify whether the clinician can select the most efficient adhesion protocols for CAD-CAM blocks by reading published in vitro studies and implementing them in daily practice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Based on the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) strategy, 3 databases were searched for in vitro studies, randomized clinical trials, prospective or retrospective studies, and case reports from January 1, 2015, to July 31, 2021. A meta-analysis analyzed 28 studies to calculate the mean difference between best and worst protocols for each author and block with a random-effects model (α=.05). RESULTS From 508 relevant studies, 37 in vitro studies, 2 clinical studies, and 1 clinical report were selected for data extraction and qualitative analysis. Vita Enamic, IPS e.max CAD, LAVA Ultimate, and Vita Mark II blocks were the most studied, and RelyX Ultimate was the most used luting cement. The meta-analysis confirmed the null hypothesis that the evidence-based efficacy of clinical protocols to bond CAD-CAM blocks is still controversial (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS There are objective standards for individual in vitro tests, but the studies lack standardization. Some tested protocols were more efficient than others. Randomized clinical trials and well-documented clinical situations were almost nonexistent, making direct application of in vitro findings in clinical practice impossible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Calheiros-Lobo
- Clinical Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Researcher, UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, IUCS - CESPU, Gandra, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Carbas
- Postdoctoral Researcher, INEGI - Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucas F M da Silva
- Full Professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Pinho
- Full Professor and Researcher, UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, IUCS - CESPU, Gandra, Portugal
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Eggmann F, Mante FK, Ayub JM, Conejo J, Ozer F, Blatz MB. Influence of universal adhesives and silane coupling primer on bonding performance to CAD-CAM resin-based composites: A laboratory investigation. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2024; 36:620-631. [PMID: 37950565 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obtaining strong resin bonds to computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) resin-based composites with dispersed fillers (CCRBCs) poses a challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of three universal adhesives and a two-component silane coupling agent on the shear bond strength to three (CCRBCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight hundred and sixty-four specimens of Brilliant Crios, Lava Ultimate, and Tetric CAD were polished or grit blasted, bonded with Adhese Universal DC, One Coat 7 Universal (OC7), and Scotchbond Universal Plus Adhesive (SBU) with or without a silane primer. Shear bond strength was measured after 24 h and 10,000 thermocycles. Linear regressions were performed (α = 0.05). RESULTS After thermocycling, bond strengths were similar for the universal adhesives on polished Brilliant Crios and Lava Ultimate (p ≥ 0.408). Grit blasted Tetric CAD showed no significant differences (p ≥ 0.096). The silane primer had minimal impact on grit blasted Tetric CAD (p ≥ 0.384). The silane primer increased the bond strength of OC7 to Brilliant Crios (p = 0.001) but decreased the adhesion of SBU to Brilliant Crios and Lava Ultimate (p ≤ 0.018). CONCLUSIONS Bond strength of universal adhesives varied with CCRBC type. The two-component silane coupling agent showed mixed effects on adhesive performance. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Selecting universal adhesives from the same CCRBC product line does not always guarantee superior bond strength. The efficacy of silane coupling agents differs based on the bonding substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florin Eggmann
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francis K Mante
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jose M Ayub
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Julián Conejo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fusun Ozer
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Markus B Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, Robert Schattner Center, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Doğan İ, Karaman E. How the repair bonding strength of hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM blocks is influenced by the use of surface treatments and universal adhesives. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:312-319. [PMID: 38432950 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
We examined how different methods of surface treatment and different universal adhesives with or without extra silane affected the repair bonding strength of hybrid ceramic CAD/CAM restorations. Cerasmart specimens (n=320) were subjected to thermocycling and assigned to the following surface pretreatment protocols: control, diamond bur (DB), hydrofluoric acid (HF), and tribochemical silica coating (TSC). Half the specimens received a coating of silane, followed by application of the universal adhesives Futurabond M+ (FMU), Tokuyama Universal Bond (TUB), Single Bond Universal (SBU), or Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CUQ) (n=10). A hybrid composite resin was used to simulate repair; then the specimens underwent further thermocycling. Shear bond strength (SBS) was determined and modes of failure were examined. The TSC-CUQ silane (-) group showed the highest SBS values. The best repairs were obtained when the surface was treated with TSC, with the exception of the DB-TUB silane (-) group. TUB increased SBS more than the other adhesives. Additional silane decreased SBS in the HF-TUB and TSC-CUQ groups, while increasing it in the TSC-TUB and DB-FMU groups (p<0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- İbrahim Doğan
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University
| | - Emel Karaman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayıs University
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Kemaloglu H, Cay O, Devrimci EE, Pamir T. Repair bond strength of a new self-adhesive composite resin to three different resin-matrix ceramic CAD-CAM materials. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:137-145. [PMID: 38233189 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength of two flowable composite resins to resin-matrix ceramic CAD-CAM materials.Fifty-four plates obtained from Lava Ultimate (LU), Cerasmart (CS), and Vita Enamic (VE) CAD-CAM blocks were assigned to nine groups: N0: Nova Compo SF (NCSF), N1: Silane/Single Bond Universal (SBU)/NCSF, N2: SBU/NCSF, N3: Silane/G-Premio Bond (GPB)/NCSF, N4: GPB/NCSF, G1: Silane/SBU/G-aenial Universal Injectable Composite (GUIC), G2: SBU/GUIC, G3: Silane/GPB/GUIC, G4: GPB/GUIC. After the repair procedures, shear bond strength values were analyzed. Silane pre-application decreased bond strength in most LU and CS groups but increased it in VE. NCSF performed better than GUIC in all CAD-CAM's with similar adhesive protocols. SBU in combination with NSCF had the highest bond strength among all repair procedures in LU and CS. Silane-containing universal adhesives in combination with self-adhesive resin composites should be used to repair resin-matrix ceramic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hande Kemaloglu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University
| | - Ozge Cay
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University
| | | | - Tijen Pamir
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University
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da Rosa LS, Pilecco RO, Soares PM, Rippe MP, Pereira GKR, Valandro LF, Kleverlaan CJ, Feilzer AJ, Tribst JPM. Repair protocols for indirect monolithic restorations: a literature review. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16942. [PMID: 38406292 PMCID: PMC10893862 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements in indirect monolithic restorations, technical complications may occur during function. To overcome this issues, intraoral repair using resin composite is a practical and low-cost procedure, being able to increase the restoration's longevity. This review aimed to evaluate the need for repair and suggest a standardized repair protocol to the main indirect restorative materials. For this, studies were surveyed from PubMed with no language or date restriction, to investigate the scientific evidence of indirect monolithic restoration repair with direct resin composite. A classification to guide clinical decisions was made based on the FDI World Dental Federation criteria about defective indirect restorations considering esthetic and functional standards, along with the patient's view, to decide when polishing, repairing or replacing a defective restoration. Based on 38 surveyed studies, different resin composite intraoral repair protocols, that included mechanical and chemical aspects, were defined depending on the substrate considering resin-based, glass-ceramic or zirconia restorations. The presented criteria and protocols were developed to guide the clinician's decision-making process regarding defective indirect monolithic restorations, prolonging longevity and increasing clinical success.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam en Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albert J. Feilzer
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam en Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam en Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Elkassaby AA, Kandil MM, Alian GA. The effect of repair protocols and chewing simulation on the microtensile bond strength of two resin matrix ceramics to composite resin. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:171. [PMID: 38308281 PMCID: PMC10837933 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03932-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the micro tensile bond strength (µTBS) of two resin matrix ceramic (RMC) blocks bonded to composite resin by using different repair protocols with and without chewing simulation (CS). MATERIALS AND METHODS Two resin matrix ceramic blocks (Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate) were divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatments: Bur grinding (control), Bur grinding + silane, 9.5% HF acid etching, and 9.5% HF acid etching + silane. The single bond universal adhesive was applied on all specimens after the surface treatments according to the manufacturer's instructions, it was administered actively on the treated surface for 20 s and then light cured for 10 s, followed by incremental packing of composite resin to the treated surface. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups (with/without chewing simulation for 500,000 cycles). A micro tensile bond strength test was performed for each group (n = 15). The effect of surface treatments on the materials was examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The micro tensile bond strength (MPa) data were analyzed with a three-way ANOVA, the independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey post-hoc test. RESULTS µTBS results were significantly higher for Lava Ultimate than Vita Enamic for all the surface treatment protocols with (p < 0.01). The chewing simulation significantly negatively affected the micro-tensile bond strength (p < 0.001). Bur grinding + saline exhibited the highest bond strength values for Lava Ultimate, both with and without chewing simulation. For Vita Enamic, bur grinding + saline and HF acid + saline showed significantly higher bond strength values compared to other surface treatments, both with and without chewing simulation (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION Bur grinding + silane could be recommended as a durable repair protocol for indirect resin matrix ceramics blocks with composite resin material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohamed M Kandil
- Department of dental biomaterials, dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Atef Alian
- Department of dental biomaterials, dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Turunç-Oğuzman R, Şişmanoğlu S. Influence of surface treatments and adhesive protocols on repair bond strength of glass-matrix and resin-matrix CAD/CAM ceramics. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2023; 35:1322-1331. [PMID: 37680089 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To specify the effects of self-etching ceramic primer, Monobond Etch and Prime (MEP), and universal adhesive (UA) on repair bond strength between CAD/CAM blocks and resin composite. MATERIALS AND METHODS Vita Mark II (VM), IPS e.max CAD (EMAX), Shofu Block HC (SHC), and Tetric CAD (TET) blocks were sliced and thermocycled. They were divided into four groups according to surface treatments (n = 24): control, sandblasting (AL), hydrofluoric acid etching (HF), and MEP application. SEM analysis assessed surface topography. Subdivided, specimens followed distinct adhesive protocols (n = 12): control (silane + adhesive [SA] or adhesive [A] only for MEP group) and UA. Microshear bond strength (μSBS) was measured following resin composite repair. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS The μSBS of CAD/CAM blocks was significantly influenced by surface treatment type and adhesive protocol. The highest μSBS values for each block, considering surface treatment + adhesive protocol, were VM, HF + SA, or HF + UA; EMAX, MEP + A; and SHC and TET, AL + SA, or AL + UA. CONCLUSIONS Except for EMAX, it was not the adhesive protocol that made the significant difference in bond strength for each CAD/CAM block, but the surface treatment. MEP + UA application on glass ceramics lowered μSBS values significantly, so it is not recommended in clinical conditions. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Repair is an essential therapeutic option, particularly in esthetic restorations, to swiftly repair the impaired esthetics caused by fracture. Repair protocol is dependent on the restorative material, and to have a reliable repair bond strength, the following surface treatment and adhesive protocol combinations are recommended for each CAD/CAM block: VM, HF + SA, or HF + UA; EMAX, MEP + A; and SHC and TET, AL + SA, or AL + UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Turunç-Oğuzman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Altınbaş University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Soner Şişmanoğlu
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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Cardoso GC, Nakanishi L, Isolan CP, Rodrigues CS, Moraes RR. Bonding stability of universal adhesives to feldspathic ceramic with or without prior silane application. J Prosthodont 2023. [PMID: 37771238 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the bonding stability of three universal adhesives to a CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic with or without prior silane application. MATERIALS AND METHODS The universal adhesives tested were Ambar Universal (FGM), Single Bond Universal (3M), and Ybond Universal (Yller). Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus (3M) was used as a control. The silane used was RelyX Ceramic Primer (3M). Microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to Vitablocs Mark II was measured after 24 h or 6 months of water aging (n = 20). Failure modes were observed through scanning electron microscopy, and pH and degree of C=C conversion (DC) of the adhesives were measured (n = 3). Data were analyzed using one-, two-, and three-way ANOVA. RESULTS The pH values differed significantly among the adhesives (p < 0.001), while the DC was similar (p = 0.141). The universal adhesives showed significant differences in μTBS, with higher immediate results when using silane and lower results after aging. Notably, a significant decrease in μTBS was observed after 6 months when silane was applied. In contrast, the control adhesive exhibited consistent results between the 24-h and 6-month storage periods. The universal adhesives showed a decrease in μTBS ranging from 25.5% to 40.1% after prolonged storage. Adhesive failures were predominant in all groups. The presence or absence of silane in the adhesive composition did not affect the bonding performance. CONCLUSIONS The application of a separate silane coupling agent improved the immediate bond strength of universal adhesives to CAD-CAM feldspathic ceramic. However, this bond strength significantly decreased after 6 months of water aging. The bond strength remained stable for universal adhesives when applied without silane after 6 months of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela C Cardoso
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Leina Nakanishi
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Cristina P Isolan
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Camila S Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Rafael R Moraes
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Nogueira IDO, Pereira CNDB, Abreu LG, Diniz IMA, Magalhães CSD, Silveira RRD. Do different protocols affect the success rate or bond strength of glass-ceramics repaired with composite resin? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Prosthet Dent 2023:S0022-3913(23)00432-8. [PMID: 37635007 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Intraoral repair techniques prevent unnecessary replacement of ceramic restorations, thereby increasing the survival rate. However, adhesion between ceramics and the composite resin is challenging and how different protocols influence adhesion is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the influence of different protocols on repairing glass-ceramic surfaces with composite resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases were searched to select studies comparing bond strength values or survival rates of glass-ceramic repaired with composite resins using different surface treatment protocols. No publication year or language restriction was applied. Data sets were extracted from all included studies, and the mean differences calculated. A 95% confidence interval was calculated by using the random effect model (Rev Man 5.4). RESULTS The search identified 5037 studies, and 165 were assessed for eligibility. Finally, 123 in vitro studies were included in the systematic review and 48 in the meta-analysis. Considering different glass-ceramics, bond strength tests, and aged or not aged specimens, 37 meta-analyses found the effect of repair protocols: only adhesive, silane plus adhesive alone or preceded by hydrofluoric (HF) acid, airborne-particle abrasion (APA) with Al2O3 particles, silica-coated APA (SCAPA), diamond rotary instrument (DRI), and laser irradiation (LI). CONCLUSIONS For feldspathic porcelain, HF acid, APA, SCAPA, or DRI improved the repair micromechanical retention; applying silane is essential to HF-conditioned surfaces but the use of adhesive is optional when silane is applied. Results for leucite and lithium disilicate were inconclusive in terms of suggesting a treatment other than HF acid plus silane and adhesive applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iara de O Nogueira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Carolina N de B Pereira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucas G Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil..
| | - Ivana M A Diniz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cláudia S de Magalhães
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo R da Silveira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Yiğit E, Güngör Erdoğan H, Eyüboğlu TF, Özcan M. Effect of Various Beverages on Adhesion of Repaired CAD/CAM Restorative Materials. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:380. [PMID: 37504875 PMCID: PMC10381350 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of commonly consumed beverages on the bond strength of three different computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin-ceramic hybrid materials repaired with resin-based composite (RBC) materials. (2) Materials and Methods: Rectangular prism specimens (N = 138) measuring 6 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm were obtained from GC Cerasmart (GC), Lava Ultimate (LU), and Vita Enamic (VE) blocks. These blocks were polished and then subjected to thermal cycling (10,000 cycles, 5 °C to 55 °C). After the surface treatment was applied, the average surface roughness value was measured. All the surfaces were repaired with RBC. Thermal cycling was performed for the second time. Each group was then distributed into three subgroups according to the beverage used: tea (t), cola (c), and distilled water (0) (n = 15). The specimens were stored in these solutions for 28 days and then subjected to the shear bond strength (SBS) test. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni adjustment. (3) Results: The surface roughness of the materials presented no significant difference after different surface treatments (p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed among the materials (p > 0.05). Tea and cola presented similar SBS values (p > 0.05). Both were significantly lower than distilled water (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). (4) Conclusions: Consumption of beverages reduces the bond strength in surfaces repaired with RBC to CAD/CAM resin-ceramic hybrid materials. (5) Clinical Significance: Repairing damaged resin matrix dental restorations with RBC is advantageous in terms of time and cost by achieving adequate bond strengths. Frequently consumed beverages reduce the bond strength of repaired CAD/CAM resin-ceramic hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yiğit
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Karabük, Karabük 78050, Türkiye
| | - Hamiyet Güngör Erdoğan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara 06510, Türkiye
| | - Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34083, Türkiye
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Assaf A, Azer SS, Sfeir A, Al-Haj Husain N, Özcan M. Risk Factors with Porcelain Laminate Veneers Experienced during Cementation: A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4932. [PMID: 37512206 PMCID: PMC10381715 DOI: 10.3390/ma16144932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The clinical success of porcelain laminate veneers (PLVs) depends on many clinical and technical factors, from planning to execution, among which adhesive cementation is of significant importance. This procedure carries many risk factors if not optimally executed. The objective of this study was to document the clinical parameters affecting successful cementation procedures with a focus on the adhesive strength, integrity, and esthetics of the PLVs. A literature search was conducted through MEDLINE, complemented by a hand search using predefined keywords. Articles published in English between 1995 and 2023 were selected. According to this review, the success and longevity of PLVs rely in great part on the implementation of a precise cementation technique, starting from field isolation, adequate materials selection for adhesion, proper manipulation of the materials, the seating of the veneers, polymerization, and elimination of the excess cement. Several clinical steps performed before cementation, including treatment planning, preparation, impression, and adequate choice of the restorative material, could affect the quality of cementation. Scientific evidence suggests careful implementation of this process to achieve predictable outcomes with PLVs. The short- and long-term clinical success of adhesively luted PLVs is tributary to a deep understanding of the materials used and the implementation of clinical protocols. It is also contingent upon all the previous steps from case selection, treatment planning, and execution until and after the cementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Assaf
- Faculty of Dentistry, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11072809, Lebanon
| | - Shereen S Azer
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentisry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Nadin Al-Haj Husain
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Biomaterials, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Jassim SJ, Majeed MA. Effect of plasma surface treatment of three different CAD/CAM materials on the micro shear bond strength with resin cement (A comparative in vitro study). Heliyon 2023; 9:e17790. [PMID: 37449108 PMCID: PMC10336531 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of plasma treatment versus conventional treatment on the micro shear bond strength (μSBS), surface roughness, and wettability of three different CAD/CAM materials. Materials and methods Sixty cylindrical specimens (5 mm diameter × 3 mm height) were prepared from three different CAD/CAM materials: Group A: Zirconia, Group B: Lithium disilicate, and Group C: Resin nano-ceramic. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to surface treatment used: Subgroup I: Conventional treatment, zirconia was sandblasted with Al2O3, while lithium disilicate and resin nano-ceramic were etched with hydrofluoric acid. Subgroup II: Plasma treatment, the surface of each material was treated with a plasma device (PiezoBrush® PZ3 Handheld Device, Relyon Plasma, Regensburg, Germany). G-Multi PRIMER was applied, then self-adhesive cement (G-CEM ONE) was applied using a split mold (1 mm diameter × 3 mm height), and μSBS was tested in a universal testing machine. The surface roughness was measured using a profilometer. Nine additional specimens of each material for wettability test using an optical tensiometer. Statistical analysis The data were analyzed using ANOVA and Bonferroni test at a level of significance of 0.05. Results The highest mean of μSBS was recorded by AII (27.3 MPa), while the lowest was recorded by AI (17.9 MPa). One-way ANOVA test revealed a significant difference among groups. Bonferroni test showed each two subgroups significant difference except subgroups AI, CI and BII, CII, where there was a non-significant difference. For all CAD/CAM materials, conventional treatment increased the surface roughness compared to plasma treatment, while the contact angle decreased after plasma treatment. Conclusion Plasma treatment increased the μSBS of resin cement to zirconia significantly while not significantly affecting the μSBS of resin nano-ceramic. Conventional treatment of lithium disilicate provided significantly higher μSBS than plasma treatment.
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Cuzic C, Jivanescu A, Negru RM, Hulka I, Rominu M. The Influence of Hydrofluoric Acid Temperature and Application Technique on Ceramic Surface Texture and Shear Bond Strength of an Adhesive Cement. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4303. [PMID: 37374484 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
All-ceramic restorations are the foundation of modern esthetic dentistry. Clinical approaches for preparation, durability, aesthetics, and repair have been reformed by the idea of adhesive dentistry. The aim of the study and the objective question was to evaluate the impact of heated hydrofluoric acid pretreatment and the application technique's influence on the surface morphology and roughness of leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic materials (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), which is fundamental for understanding the adhesive cementation process. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the effectiveness of the two HF (Yellow Porcelain Etch, Cerkamed) application techniques and the HF's temperature impact on the surface topography of the ceramic. Based on surface conditioning methods, the adhesive cement (Panavia V5, Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc., Tokyo, Japan) was applied to the conditioned ceramic samples and light-cured. Shear bond strength values were correlated with the micro-retentive surface texture of the ceramic. With universal testing equipment at a 0.5 mm/min crosshead speed, SBS values between the resin cement and the ceramic material were assessed until failure. Analyzing the fractured surfaces of the specimens by digital microscopy, the failure modes were divided into three categories: adhesive, cohesive, and mixed failure. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to statistically analyze the collected data. The results show that alternative treatment methods affected the material's surface characteristics and have an influence on the shear bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Cuzic
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center of Digital and Advanced Technique for Endodontic, Restorative, and Prosthetic Treatment (TADERP), 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Anca Jivanescu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Center of Digital and Advanced Technique for Endodontic, Restorative, and Prosthetic Treatment (TADERP), 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Marcel Negru
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300070 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Politehnica University Timisoara, 300222 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iosif Hulka
- Research Institute for Renewable Energie, Politehnica University of Timisoara, G. Muzicescu 138, 300501 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Rominu
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, School of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300070 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Prosthesis Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Balkaya H, Demirbuğa S. Evaluation of six different one-step universal adhesive systems in terms of dentin bond strength, adhesive interface characterization, surface tension, contact angle, degree of conversion and solvent evaporation after immediate and delayed use. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 35:479-492. [PMID: 36194081 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of different waiting periods on resin-dentin bond strength (BS), degree of conversion (DC), contact angle (CA), surface tension (ST), solvent evaporation (weight loss) and the characteristics of adhesive interfaces of the current six universal adhesive resins (ARs). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 216 caries-free human lower third molar teeth were used. Composite resin restorations were performed by applying six universal ARs in etch-and-rinse and self-etch mode on standardized dentin surfaces after 0, 5, and 30 min waiting time. Then, a micro-shear BS test, SEM examination and characterization of the adhesive interface were performed. In addition, DC, CA, ST, solvent evaporation of all tested ARs were evaluated. RESULTS The obtained data were statistically anaIyzed. The tested ARs did not show any statistical difference between 0 and 5 min evaluations in all parameters evaluated except for weight loss (p > 0.05). While the weight loss, ST and CA of all ARs increased in 30 min (p < 0.05), the BS, DC, thickness of the adhesive layer and the hybrid layer, resin tag length and number of resin tags varied according to the ARs used. When the ARs were used in etch-and-rinse mode, all the parameters evaluated also varied according to the AR used. Higher adhesive layer thickness and lower hybrid layer thickness were found in the self-etch mode (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS All of the adhesives tested can be safely used up to 30 min. This could also prevent economical loss caused by waste adhesive material. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE It is important to know how the bond strength, degree of conversion, adhesion, contact angle and surface tension properties of the adhesive resin waiting in the dispensing cup for a long time during clinical use are affected to make ideal restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hacer Balkaya
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sezer Demirbuğa
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Erciyes University Faculty of Dentistry, Kayseri, Turkey
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Thickness and internal adjustment of monolithic resin composite milled crowns: Effect on the load-bearing capacity under fatigue. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 134:105407. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Shear Bond Strength of a Direct Resin Composite to CAD-CAM Composite Blocks: Relative Contribution of Micromechanical and Chemical Block Surface Treatment. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15145018. [PMID: 35888491 PMCID: PMC9317483 DOI: 10.3390/ma15145018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of a direct resin composite to CAD-CAM resin composite blocks treated with different surface treatments: micromechanical, chemical or a combination of both. Eight CAD-CAM resin composite blocks, namely Brilliant Crios, Cerasmart 270, Vita Enamic, Grandio block, Katana Avencia, Lava Ultimate, Tetric CAD and Shofu Block HC were chosen. The micromechanical surface treatment protocols tested were hydrofluoric acid, polyacrylic acid or sandblasting, and the chemical one was a universal primer. These treated CAD-CAM blocks were tested to determine the SBS of a light-curing composite resin Z100 bonded to their surface. Two-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test was used to investigate the difference in SBS. Failures were analyzed by Fisher’s exact test. Bonding interfaces were examined by scanning electron microscopy. The micromechanical surface treatments give the highest SBS values: sandblasting appears to be the most efficient procedure for dispersed filler composite blocks, while hydrofluoric acid etching is preferable for polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) blocks. The use of universal primer does not improve SBS values on dispersed filler composite blocks. For PICN blocks, the use of universal primer significantly increases SBS values when combined with hydrofluoric acid etching.
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A SiO2/pHEMA-Based Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Composite for Dental Restorative Materials. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
SiO2-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA)-based composites have been widely used as biomaterials owing to their biocompatibility. However, they have not yet been applied as tooth restorative materials because of their poor mechanical properties. In the present paper, we develop a novel SiO2/pHEMA-based composite with a polymer-infiltrated network (PICN) structure for use in dental restorative materials. A mixture of SiO2 nanoparticles and a poly(vinyl alcohol) binder was sintered at 950 °C to fabricate a porous SiO2 block. A monomer mixture containing 70 wt%-HEMA/30 wt%-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and a benzoyl peroxide initiator was infiltrated into the porous SiO2 block and heat-polymerized to fabricate the SiO2/pHEMA-based composite with a PICN structure. The composite was characterized according to its mechanical properties, surface free energy, and bonding properties with a dental adhesive. The flexural strength was 112.5 ± 18.7 MPa, the flexural modulus was 13.6 ± 3.4 GPa, and the Vickers hardness was 168.2 ± 16.1, which are similar values to human teeth. The surface free energy of the polar component of the composite was 19.6 ± 2.5 mN/m, suggesting that this composite has an active surface for bonding with the adhesive. The composite bonded well to the adhesive, in the presence of a silane coupling agent. The SiO2/pHEMA-based composite was demonstrated to be a potential candidate for dental restorative materials.
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Bonding Performance for Repairs Using Bulk Fill and Conventional Methacrylate Composites. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:2935507. [PMID: 34956366 PMCID: PMC8702360 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2935507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the bond strength of a composite repair made with a bulk fill composite and a conventional one using different surface treatments. Specimens were prepared as truncated cones (bases: 4 mm × 2 mm, height: 4 mm) using a bulk fill (OBFa: Filtek One) or a conventional resin (FTKa: Filtek Z250) (n = 66). They were artificially aged (10,000 cycles, 5°C–55°C, 30 sec) and subdivided according to surface treatments: NT—no treatment (control), Abr—abrasion with a diamond tip, and sand—sandblasting with aluminum oxide (50 μm). Treatments were performed over the smaller diameter surface, followed by adhesive (Scothbond Universal) application. A new specimen with similar dimensions was constructed over it using either the OBF or the FTK, totaling 12 groups (n = 11). Bond strength was assessed by tensile test. The data were submitted to two-way ANOVA separately for OBFa and FTKa, followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). For the aged OBFa groups, there was significant differences for composite type and surface treatment, with higher values of bond strength when repaired with the same material (OBFa/OBF > OBFa/FTK), and sandblasting and bur abrasion presented higher values compared to the control group (NT). For the aged FTKa groups, there were no differences for the composite or surface treatment. Therefore, the bulk fill resin composite tested present better repair performance when the same composite was used, while the conventional resin composite was less influenced by the material and the surface treatment performed.
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Kim YR, Kim JH, Son SA, Park JK. Effect of Silane-Containing Universal Adhesives on the Bonding Strength of Lithium Disilicate. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143976. [PMID: 34300895 PMCID: PMC8307548 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of silane-containing universal adhesives on the bonding strength of lithium disilicate. Two-hundred-and-forty lithium disilicate blocks were divided into 16 groups according to the following surface treatments: hydrofluoric acid (HF)-treated or not, silane-treated or not, and the type of universal adhesive used (All-Bond Universal (ABU); Prime & bond (PB); Clearfil Universal Bond (CU); Single bond Universal (SBU)). After surface treatment, resin discs were bonded to each lithium disilicate using dual-cure resin cement. Bonded specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 h and then subjected to microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test. Failure modes were examined under stereomicroscope. Microscopic observation of bonded interfaces was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The μTBS data were statistically analyzed. Regardless of silane treatment, all groups treated with HF showed higher bonding strengths compared to those that were not treated with HF (p < 0.05). In groups treated with HF, the bonding strength increased after silane application (p < 0.05) except PB and CU (p > 0.05). Adhesive failures were dominant in all groups, but some mixed failures were observed in ABU treated with HF and silane. While most of the specimens that were not treated with silane after HF application only showed loose bonding between the ceramic and resin cement due to partial gaps, the specimens treated with silane application after HF showed a tight ceramic–resin interface. In conclusion, the silane in universal adhesives did not effectively improve the bonding strength between lithium disilicate and resin cement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ri Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (S.-A.S.)
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- Department of Dental Education, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea;
| | - Sung-Ae Son
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (S.-A.S.)
| | - Jeong-Kil Park
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea; (Y.-R.K.); (S.-A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-55-360-5221
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Günal-Abduljalil B, Önöral Ö, Ongun S. Micro-shear bond strengths of resin-matrix ceramics subjected to different surface conditioning strategies with or without coupling agent application. J Adv Prosthodont 2021; 13:180-190. [PMID: 34234928 PMCID: PMC8250191 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2021.13.3.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the influence of various micromechanical surface conditioning (MSC) strategies with or without coupling agent (silane) application on the micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) of resin- matrix ceramics (RMCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS GC Cerasmart (GC), Lava Ultimate (LU), Vita Enamic (VE), Voco Grandio (VG), and Brilliant Crios (BC) were cut into 1.0-mm-thick slices (n = 32 per RMC) and separated into four groups according to the MSC strategy applied: control-no conditioning (C), air-borne particle abrasion with aluminum oxide particles (APA), 2W- and 3W-Er,Cr:YSGG group coding is missing. The specimens in each group were further separated into silane-applied and silane-free subgroups. Each specimen received two resin cement microtubules (n = 8 per subgroup). A shear force was applied to the adhesive interface through a universal test machine and µSBS values were measured. Data were statistically analyzed by using 3-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test. Failure patterns were scrutinized under stereomicroscope. RESULTS RMC material type, MSC strategy, and silanization influenced the µSBS values (P<.05). In comparison to the control group, µSBS values increased after all other MSC strategies (P<.05) while the differences among these strategies were insignificant (P>.05). For control and APA, there were insignificant differences between RMCs (P>.05). The silanization decreased µSBS values of RMCs except for VE. Considerable declines were observed in GC and BC (P<.05). CONCLUSION MSC strategies can enhance bond strength values at the RMC - cement interface. However, the choice of MSC strategy is dependent on RMC material type and each RMC can require a dedicated way of conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Günal-Abduljalil
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Özay Önöral
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Salim Ongun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Mersin, Turkey
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Dapieve KS, Machry RV, Pereira GKR, Venturini AB, Valcanaia A, Bottino MC, Valandro LF. Alumina particle air-abrasion and aging effects: Fatigue behavior of CAD/CAM resin composite crowns and flexural strength evaluations. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2021; 121:104592. [PMID: 34144359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the flexural strength and elastic modulus of CAD/CAM resin composite material and to evaluate the influence of different surface treatments and storage conditions on the fatigue behavior of bonded composite crowns. Bars (flexural strength, n= 30; elastic modulus, n= 5) (1.2 × 4 × 12 mm) were produced for three-point bending test and CAD/CAM milled crowns (n= 5) (thickness= 1 mm) adhesively cemented to an epoxy resin substrate for fatigue tests. Bars and crowns were randomly allocated into two "surface treatments": no surface treatment (CTRL) and air-abrasion with 110 μm Al2O3 particles (AlOx); while the crowns were also subdivided into "aging condition" (baseline - storage for 24 h to 7 days, and aging - storage for 150 days + 25,000 thermal cycles). The three-point bending test was performed according to ISO 6872 and the luted crowns were subjected to step-stress fatigue test (initial load of 200 N; step-size of 50 N; 10,000 cycles per step; 20 Hz). Complementary analysis by Stereomicroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) were performed. The flexural strength and fatigue data were submitted to statistical tests (α= 0.05). The results showed that air-abrasion reduces the flexural strength and the characteristic strength of the resin composite, without modifying its elastic modulus or its structural reliability (Weibull Modulus). Air-abrasion did not influence the fatigue behavior of the cemented crowns. Notwithstanding, a decrease in the survival rate was observed after 445,000 cycles (2,400 N) when subjected to aging at both the CTRL or AlOx conditions. FE-SEM micrographs of the crowns showed that alumina particle air-abrasion treatment can modify the topography of its treated inner surface. Therefore, air-abrasion with alumina powder introduces defects onto the surface of the CAD/CAM resin composite material, decreasing the flexural strength, but without changing its elastic modulus and reliability. Adhesive cementation onto an epoxy resin substrate prevented an influence of the introduced defects on the fatigue performance of the resin composite restoration. Nevertheless, the fatigue behavior may be damaged by aging regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiara Serafini Dapieve
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Renan Vaz Machry
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Andressa Borin Venturini
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - André Valcanaia
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Marco Cícero Bottino
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- MSciD and PhD Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Prosthetic Dentistry Unit, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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OĞUZ Eİ, ÇİÇEKCİ G. Influence of different repair protocols and artificial aging on bond strength of composite to a CAD/CAM polymer-infiltrated ceramic. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.802118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Influence of Low-Pressure Plasma on the Surface Properties of CAD-CAM Leucite-Reinforced Feldspar and Resin Matrix Ceramics. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10248856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of new ceramic materials for dental restorations is currently a reality; however, little information is available on their surface treatment for the bonding process. Furthermore, surface treatment with plasma on ceramic materials has been recently introduced, although not many studies are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface properties of a leucite-reinforced feldspar ceramic (LIC) and resin matrix ceramic (RMC) after low-pressure plasma treatment. From each material, 48 discs were prepared and subject to surface treatment. The LIC group was treated by hydrofluoric acid (HF) (LIC-HF), plasma with oxygen (LIC-O2), and plasma with argon (LIC-Ar). The RMC group was treated by sandblasting with alumina (RMC-SB), plasma with oxygen (RMC-O2), and plasma with argon (RMC-Ar). The groups whose surfaces were not subjected to treatment were considered as the control group. Surface wettability and roughness was analyzed. The results showed significant differences among the treatments for both ceramics regarding wettability and roughness. Plasma treatments increased the wettability and had a very low effect on the roughness. Plasma treatments achieved similar values for both surface properties in each ceramic group with no differences between both treatments. Plasma treatment seems to be a promising alternative for ceramic surface treatments since it increased the surface energy of the ceramics analyzed and hardly affects the roughness. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the effect of plasma treatment on the bond strength of ceramics.
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