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Zhang L, Yang H, Zhou C, Li Y, Long Z, Li Q, Zhang J, Qin X. Artificial intelligence-driven multiomics predictive model for abdominal aortic aneurysm subtypes to identify heterogeneous immune cell infiltration and predict disease progression. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112608. [PMID: 38981221 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) poses a significant health risk and is influenced by various compositional features. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-driven multiomics predictive model for AAA subtypes to identify heterogeneous immune cell infiltration and predict disease progression. Additionally, we investigated neutrophil heterogeneity in patients with different AAA subtypes to elucidate the relationship between the immune microenvironment and AAA pathogenesis. METHODS This study enrolled 517 patients with AAA, who were clustered using k-means algorithm to identify AAA subtypes and stratify the risk. We utilized residual convolutional neural network 200 to annotate and extract contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography images of AAA. A precise predictive model for AAA subtypes was established using clinical, imaging, and immunological data. We performed a comparative analysis of neutrophil levels in the different subgroups and immune cell infiltration analysis to explore the associations between neutrophil levels and AAA. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to elucidate the interplay between CXCL1, neutrophil activation, and the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway in AAA pathogenesis. Furthermore, the effect of CXCL1 silencing with small interfering RNA was investigated. RESULTS Two distinct AAA subtypes were identified, one clinically more severe and more likely to require surgical intervention. The CNN effectively detected AAA-associated lesion regions on computed tomography angiography, and the predictive model demonstrated excellent ability to discriminate between patients with the two identified AAA subtypes (area under the curve, 0.927). Neutrophil activation, AAA pathology, CXCL1 expression, and the NF-κB pathway were significantly correlated. CXCL1, NF-κB, IL-1β, and IL-8 were upregulated in AAA. CXCL1 silencing downregulated NF-κB, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-8. CONCLUSION The predictive model for AAA subtypes demonstrated accurate and reliable risk stratification and clinical management. CXCL1 overexpression activated neutrophils through the NF-κB pathway, contributing to AAA development. This pathway may, therefore, be a therapeutic target in AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Han Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Chenxing Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Yao Li
- Liuzhou People's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Zhen Long
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Que Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Jiangfeng Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Xiao Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, PR China.
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2
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Uehata T, Yamada S, Ori D, Vandenbon A, Giladi A, Jelinski A, Murakawa Y, Watanabe H, Takeuchi K, Toratani K, Mino T, Kiryu H, Standley DM, Tsujimura T, Ikawa T, Kondoh G, Landthaler M, Kawamoto H, Rodewald HR, Amit I, Yamamoto R, Miyazaki M, Takeuchi O. Regulation of lymphoid-myeloid lineage bias through regnase-1/3-mediated control of Nfkbiz. Blood 2024; 143:243-257. [PMID: 37922454 PMCID: PMC10808253 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Regulation of lineage biases in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is pivotal for balanced hematopoietic output. However, little is known about the mechanism behind lineage choice in HSPCs. Here, we show that messenger RNA (mRNA) decay factors regnase-1 (Reg1; Zc3h12a) and regnase-3 (Reg3; Zc3h12c) are essential for determining lymphoid fate and restricting myeloid differentiation in HSPCs. Loss of Reg1 and Reg3 resulted in severe impairment of lymphopoiesis and a mild increase in myelopoiesis in the bone marrow. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed that Reg1 and Reg3 regulate lineage directions in HSPCs via the control of a set of myeloid-related genes. Reg1- and Reg3-mediated control of mRNA encoding Nfkbiz, a transcriptional and epigenetic regulator, was essential for balancing lymphoid/myeloid lineage output in HSPCs in vivo. Furthermore, single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing analysis revealed that Reg1 and Reg3 control the epigenetic landscape on myeloid-related gene loci in early stage HSPCs via Nfkbiz. Consistently, an antisense oligonucleotide designed to inhibit Reg1- and Reg3-mediated Nfkbiz mRNA degradation primed hematopoietic stem cells toward myeloid lineages by enhancing Nfkbiz expression. Collectively, the collaboration between posttranscriptional control and chromatin remodeling by the Reg1/Reg3-Nfkbiz axis governs HSPC lineage biases, ultimately dictating the fate of lymphoid vs myeloid differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Uehata
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Yamada
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ori
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alexis Vandenbon
- Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Amir Giladi
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adam Jelinski
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yasuhiro Murakawa
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Watanabe
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Sciences, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Takeuchi
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazunori Toratani
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Mino
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hisanori Kiryu
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daron M. Standley
- Department of Genome Informatics, Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tohru Tsujimura
- Department of Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Tomokatsu Ikawa
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
| | - Gen Kondoh
- Laboratory of Integrative Biological Sciences, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Markus Landthaler
- RNA Biology and Posttranscriptional Regulation, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin, Berlin Institute for Molecular Systems Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hans-Reimer Rodewald
- Division for Cellular Immunology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ido Amit
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ryo Yamamoto
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masaki Miyazaki
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeuchi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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3
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Yuan F, Yang Y, Liu L, Zhou P, Zhu Y, Chai Y, Chen K, Tang W, Huang Q, Zhang C. Research progress on the mechanism of astragaloside IV in the treatment of asthma. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22149. [PMID: 38045181 PMCID: PMC10692808 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease, and its treatment is a core problem and challenge in clinical practice. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the first-line therapy for the treatment of asthma. Local and systemic adverse reactions caused by GCs create obstacles to the treatment of asthma. Therefore, the research target is to find a new, safe, and effective therapeutic medicine at present. Natural products are an important source for treating asthma with low cost and low toxicity. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is an active ingredient of traditional Chinese medicine Astragalus mongholicus Bunge. Previous studies have indicated that AS-IV plays a therapeutic role in the treatment of asthma by inhibiting airway inflammation and remodeling the airway, and by regulating immunity and neuroendocrine function (Fig. 1) . It has a variety of biological characteristics such as multi-target intervention, high safety, and good curative effect. This article reviews the specific mechanism of AS-IV for the treatment of asthma to provide references for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilu Chai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Keling Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjun Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingsong Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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4
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Kim JY, Kwon YG, Kim YM. The stress-responsive protein REDD1 and its pathophysiological functions. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1933-1944. [PMID: 37653030 PMCID: PMC10545776 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated in development and DNA damage-response 1 (REDD1) is a stress-induced protein that controls various cellular functions, including metabolism, oxidative stress, autophagy, and cell fate, and contributes to the pathogenesis of metabolic and inflammatory disorders, neurodegeneration, and cancer. REDD1 usually exerts deleterious effects, including tumorigenesis, metabolic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and muscle dystrophy; however, it also exhibits protective functions by regulating multiple intrinsic cell activities through either an mTORC1-dependent or -independent mechanism. REDD1 typically regulates mTORC1 signaling, NF-κB activation, and cellular pro-oxidant or antioxidant activity by interacting with 14-3-3 proteins, IκBα, and thioredoxin-interacting protein or 75 kDa glucose-regulated protein, respectively. The diverse functions of REDD1 depend on cell type, cellular context, interaction partners, and cellular localization (e.g., mitochondria, endomembrane, or cytosol). Therefore, comprehensively understanding the molecular mechanisms and biological roles of REDD1 under pathophysiological conditions is of utmost importance. In this review, based on the published literature, we highlight and discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying the REDD1 expression and its actions, biological functions, and pathophysiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yoon Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Karabay O, Guney Eskiler G, Alkurt U, Hamarat KF, Deveci Ozkan A, Aydin A. The predictive role of NF-κB-mediated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels in hepatitis B vaccine response. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2023; 44:192-203. [PMID: 36656054 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2164507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health problem leading to cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. The Hepatitis B vaccine plays a significant role in reducing the incidence of HBV worldwide. Approximately 5-10% of vaccinated people do not produce protective antibody levels. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF‑κB) mediates inflammatory responses through pro-inflammatory cytokines. However, the role of the NF‑κB signaling pathway and its association with pro-inflammatory cytokines in hepatitis B vaccine response is unclear. We aimed to assess changes in the IL1A, IL6, IL12A, TNF-α, and NFκB1 expression levels in the non-responder and responder. A total of 32 non-responders and 36 responders were included in the study. The expression level of determined genes was analyzed by RT-PCR. Our results showed that IL1A, IL6, IL12A, and NFκB1 mRNA levels significantly increased in the non-responders compared to the responders (p < .01). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between IL1A, IL6, TNF-α, and NFκB1 in the non-responder and responders. In conclusion, inflammatory signaling pathways may play an important role in response to HBV vaccine. Therefore, NF‑κB signaling and associated pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA levels could predict hepatitis B vaccine response. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of hepatitis B vaccine immunity need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Karabay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Gamze Guney Eskiler
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Umut Alkurt
- Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | | | - Asuman Deveci Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Aydin
- Department of Internal Sciences, Sakarya University Training and Research Hospital, Sakarya, Turkey
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6
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Na H, Song Y, Lee HW. Emphasis on Adipocyte Transformation: Anti-Inflammatory Agents to Prevent the Development of Cancer-Associated Adipocytes. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020502. [PMID: 36672449 PMCID: PMC9856688 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Of the various cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes undergo a dynamic transformation when activated by neighboring cancer cells. Although these adipocytes, known as cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs), have been reported to play a crucial role in tumor progression, the factors that mediate their transformation remain elusive. In this review, we discuss the hypothesis that inflammatory signals involving NF-ĸB activation can induce lipolysis and adipocyte dedifferentiation. This provides a mechanistic understanding of CAA formation and introduces the concept of preventing adipocyte transformation via anti-inflammatory agents. Indeed, epidemiological studies indicate a higher efficacy of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in obese patients with cancer, suggesting that NSAIDs can modulate the TME. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin production leads to the suppression of inflammatory signals such as NF-ĸB. Thus, we suggest the use of NSAIDs in cancer patients with metabolic disorders to prevent the transformation of TME components. Moreover, throughout this review, we attempt to expand our knowledge of CAA transformation to improve the clinical feasibility of targeting CAAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeju Na
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaechan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Woong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Gemcro Corporation, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-7642
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7
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Teshnizi SA, Shahani P, Taheri M, Hussen BM, Eslami S, Sadeghzadeh Z, Ghafouri-Fard S, Sayad A. Expression analysis of NF-ƙB-related long non-coding RNAs in bipolar disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20941. [PMID: 36463340 PMCID: PMC9719507 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25670-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mental disorder that leads to abnormal swings in mood, energy, activity level, attention, and the capability to accomplish daily tasks. Several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are dysregulated in BD patients. We have compared expression levels of five NF-κB-associated lncRNAs, namely ANRIL, CEBPA-DT, H19, NKILA and HNF1A-AS1 in blood samples of BD patients compared with controls. While ANRIL, CEBPA-DT and HNF1-AS1 were significantly under-expressed in BD patients compared with controls, NKILA levels were higher in patients versus controls. Among differentially expressed genes, HFN1A-AS1 exhibited the best diagnostic parameters in the separation of patients from controls (AUC ± SD = 0.86 ± 0.03, sensitivity = 0.82, specificity = 0.82, P value < 0.0001). AUC values for NKILA, ANRIL and CEBPA-DT were 0.71, 0.68 and 0.65, respectively. In accordance with the previously reported participation of NF-ƙB in the pathophysiology of BD, the current study provides evidence for dysregulation of NF-κB-associated lncRNAs in BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi Teshnizi
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Shahani
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- grid.411600.2Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.275559.90000 0000 8517 6224Institute of Human Genetics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bashdar Mahmud Hussen
- grid.472236.60000 0004 1784 8702Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq ,grid.412012.40000 0004 0417 5553Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Solat Eslami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadeghzadeh
- grid.411600.2Men’s Health and Reproductive Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Sayad
- grid.411600.2Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Du Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Yang C, Xu P. Human β-defensin-3 and nuclear factor-kappa B p65 synergistically promote the cell proliferation and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Transl Oncol 2022; 27:101582. [PMID: 36403504 PMCID: PMC9676516 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a usual oral cancer. Therefore, it's essential to identify targets for its early diagnosis and therapy. This research aimed to explore the roles of human β-defensin-3 (hBD-3) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 in the pathogenesis and progression of OSCC. The connection between NF-κB p65 and the carcinogenesis of oral cancer was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining. The relative expressions of hBD-3 and NF-κB p65 in OSCC cells were evaluated by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Afterward, hBD-3 was knocked down, and NF-κB p65 was overexpressed. The cell viability and invasion were tested via CCK-8 and Transwell experiment, and the expression of hBD-3, NF-κB p65, and its downstream molecules was evaluated by Western blot. The expression of NF-κB p65 was increased with the aggravation of the oral submucosal fibrosis. HBD-3 and NF-κB p65 were high-expressed in OSCC cells. The viability and invasion abilities of OSCC cells that knocked down hBD-3 were markedly decreased, while they were restored by the overexpression of NF-κB p65. The expressions of NF-κB p65 and c-myc were diminished while IκB and p21 were raised with the knockdown of hBD-3. After overexpression of NF-κB p65, the expression of hBD-3 and IκB did not change markedly, while c-myc was increased and p21 was decreased dramatically. HBD-3 and NF-κB p65 facilitate the proliferation and invasion of OSCC cells, and hBD-3 may promote this process by governing the expression of NF-κB p65 and its downstream c-myc and p21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxiu Du
- Department of Oral Mucosa Diseases, The Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Yanlan Yang
- Periodontics Department, The Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- Periodontics Department, The Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Chenxi Yang
- Department of Oral Mucosa Diseases, The Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Pu Xu
- General Dentistry Department, The Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, No. 43 Meilan Avenue, Haikou, Hunan 570208, China,Corresponding author.
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9
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Lee DK, Kim T, Byeon J, Park M, Kim S, Kim J, Choi S, Lee G, Park C, Lee KW, Kwon YJ, Lee JH, Kwon YG, Kim YM. REDD1 promotes obesity-induced metabolic dysfunction via atypical NF-κB activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6303. [PMID: 36272977 PMCID: PMC9588012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) expression is upregulated in response to metabolic imbalance and obesity. However, its role in obesity-associated complications is unclear. Here, we demonstrate that the REDD1-NF-κB axis is crucial for metabolic inflammation and dysregulation. Mice lacking Redd1 in the whole body or adipocytes exhibited restrained diet-induced obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis. Myeloid Redd1-deficient mice showed similar results, without restrained obesity and hepatic steatosis. Redd1-deficient adipose-derived stem cells lost their potential to differentiate into adipocytes; however, REDD1 overexpression stimulated preadipocyte differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine expression through atypical IKK-independent NF-κB activation by sequestering IκBα from the NF-κB/IκBα complex. REDD1 with mutated Lys219/220Ala, key amino acid residues for IκBα binding, could not stimulate NF-κB activation, adipogenesis, and inflammation in vitro and prevented obesity-related phenotypes in knock-in mice. The REDD1-atypical NF-κB activation axis is a therapeutic target for obesity, meta-inflammation, and metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Keon Lee
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Taesam Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Byeon
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Minsik Park
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Suji Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Joohwan Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Choi
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Chanin Park
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Division of Life Sciences, Division of Applied Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- grid.256681.e0000 0001 0661 1492Division of Life Sciences, Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, 52828 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jeong-Hyung Lee
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Guen Kwon
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Myeong Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
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10
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Kim M, Vu NT, Wang X, Bulut GB, Wang MH, Uram-Tuculescu C, Pillappa R, Kim S, Chalfant CE. Caspase-9b drives cellular transformation, lung inflammation, and lung tumorigenesis. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:1284-1294. [PMID: 35412615 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Caspase 9 undergoes alternative splicing to produce two opposing isoforms: pro-apoptotic Caspase-9a (C9a) and pro-survival Caspase-9b (C9b). Previously, our laboratory reported that C9b is expressed in majority of non-small cell lung cancer tumors and directly activates the NF-κB pathway. In this study, the role of C9b in activation of the NF-κB pathway in vivo, lung inflammation and immune responses, and lung tumorigenesis were examined. Specifically, a transgenic mouse model expressing human C9b in the lung pneumocytes developed inflammatory lung lesions, which correlated with enhanced activation of the NF-κB pathway and increased influx of immunosuppressive MDSCs in contrast to wild-type mice. C9b mice presented with facial dermatitis, a thickened and disorganized dermis, enhanced collagen depth, and increased serum levels of IL-6. C9b mice also developed spontaneous lung tumors, and C9b cooperated with oncogenic KRAS in lung tumorigenesis. C9b expression also cooperated with oncogenic KRAS and p53 downregulation to drive the full cell transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells (e.g., tumor formation). Implications: Our findings show that C9b can directly activate NF-κB pathway in vivo to modulate lung inflammation, immune cell influx, and peripheral immune responses, which demonstrates that C9b is key factor in driving cell transformation and lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ngoc T Vu
- University of South Florida, United States
| | - Xue Wang
- University of South Florida, Tampa, Virginia, United States
| | - Gamze B Bulut
- Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Min-Hsuan Wang
- H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | | | - Raghavendra Pillappa
- Virginia Commonwealth University-School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | | | - Charles E Chalfant
- University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States
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11
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholami L, Nazer N, Hussen BM, Shadnoush M, Sayad A, Taheri M. Assessment of expression of NF-κB-related genes in periodontitis. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2021.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Naler LB, Hsieh YP, Geng S, Zhou Z, Li L, Lu C. Epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal differences between low-grade inflammation and severe exhaustion in LPS-challenged murine monocytes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:102. [PMID: 35091696 PMCID: PMC8799722 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies suggest that monocytes can be trained by bacterial endotoxin to adopt distinct memory states ranging from low-grade inflammation to immune exhaustion. While low-grade inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of chronic diseases, exhausted monocytes with pathogenic and immune-suppressive characteristics may underlie the pathogenesis of polymicrobial sepsis including COVID-19. However, detailed processes by which the dynamic adaption of monocytes occur remain poorly understood. Here we exposed murine bone-marrow derived monocytes to chronic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation at low-dose or high-dose, as well as a PBS control. The cells were profiled for genome-wide H3K27ac modification and gene expression. The gene expression of TRAM-deficient and IRAK-M-deficient monocytes with LPS exposure was also analyzed. We discover that low-grade inflammation preferentially utilizes the TRAM-dependent pathway of TLR4 signaling, and induces the expression of interferon response genes. In contrast, high dose LPS uniquely upregulates exhaustion signatures with metabolic and proliferative pathways. The extensive differences in the epigenomic landscape between low-dose and high-dose conditions suggest the importance of epigenetic regulations in driving differential responses. Our data provide potential targets for future mechanistic or therapeutic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynette B Naler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Yuan-Pang Hsieh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Shuo Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Zirui Zhou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
| | - Chang Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
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13
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Zhang B, Zhang X, Zhang C, Sun G, Sun X. Berberine Improves the Protective Effects of Metformin on Diabetic Nephropathy in db/db Mice through Trib1-dependent Inhibiting Inflammation. Pharm Res 2021; 38:1807-1820. [PMID: 34773184 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03104-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of severe diabetic complications in the diabetes, is the main cause of end stage renal disease (ESRD). Notably, the currently available medications used to treat DN remain limited. Here, we determined whether berberine (BBR) could enhance the anti-diabetic nephropathy activities of metformin (Met) and explored its possible mechanisms. METHOD The anti-diabetic nephropathy properties were systematically analyzed in the diabetic db/db mice treated with Met, BBR or with combination of Met and BBR. RESULTS We found that both single Met and BBR treatments, and combination therapy could lower blood glucose, and ameliorate insulin resistance. The improvement of lipids metabolism by co-administration was more evident, as indicated by reduced serum cholesterol and less fat accumulation in the liver. Further, it was found that Met and BBR treatments, and co-administration could attenuate the progression of DN. However, anti-diabetic nephropathy activities of Met were enhanced when combined with BBR, as evidenced by improved renal function and histological abnormalities of diabetic kidney. Mechanistically, BBR enhanced renal-protective effects of Met primarily through potently promoting expression of Trib1, which subsequently downregulated the increased protein levels of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), and eventually inhibited fatty synthesis proteins and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling. CONCLUSION Our data provide novel insight that co-administration of BBR and Met exerts a preferable activity of anti-diabetic nephropathy via collectively enhancing lipolysis and inhibiting inflammation. Combination therapy with these two drugs may provide an effective therapeutic strategy for the medical treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuelian Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guibo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Beijing Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Discovery of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Natural Medicine) and Translational Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Efficacy Evaluation of Chinese Medicine Against Glyeolipid Metabolism Disorder Disease, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100193, China.
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14
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Xie J, Wang Z, Fan W, Liu Y, Liu F, Wan X, Liu M, Wang X, Zeng D, Wang Y, He B, Yan M, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Hou Z, Wang C, Kang Z, Fang W, Zhang L, Lam EWF, Guo X, Yan J, Zeng Y, Chen M, Liu Q. Targeting cancer cell plasticity by HDAC inhibition to reverse EBV-induced dedifferentiation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:333. [PMID: 34482361 PMCID: PMC8418605 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00702-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of differentiation therapy targeting cellular plasticity for the treatment of solid malignancies has been lagging. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinctive cancer with poor differentiation and high prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Here, we show that the expression of EBV latent protein LMP1 induces dedifferentiated and stem-like status with high plasticity through the transcriptional inhibition of CEBPA. Mechanistically, LMP1 upregulates STAT5A and recruits HDAC1/2 to the CEBPA locus to reduce its histone acetylation. HDAC inhibition restored CEBPA expression, reversing cellular dedifferentiation and stem-like status in mouse xenograft models. These findings provide a novel mechanistic epigenetic-based insight into virus-induced cellular plasticity and propose a promising concept of differentiation therapy in solid tumor by using HDAC inhibitors to target cellular plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Xie
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Hematology; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine; Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology; Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zifeng Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Youping Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangbo Wan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Deshun Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bin He
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Yan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zijian Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjuan Zhang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhijie Hou
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhijie Kang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenfeng Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Yan
- Department of Hematology; Liaoning Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Translational Medicine; Liaoning Medical Center for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Dalian Key Laboratory of Hematology; Diamond Bay Institute of Hematology, The Affiliated Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
| | - Yixin Zeng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Quentin Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China.
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Institute of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Gentle IE, Moelter I, Badr MT, Döhner K, Lübbert M, Häcker G. The AML-associated K313 mutation enhances C/EBPα activity by leading to C/EBPα overexpression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:675. [PMID: 34226527 PMCID: PMC8257693 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the transcription factor C/EBPα are found in ~10% of all acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cases but the contribution of these mutations to leukemogenesis is incompletely understood. We here use a mouse model of granulocyte progenitors expressing conditionally active HoxB8 to assess the cell biological and molecular activity of C/EBPα-mutations associated with human AML. Both N-terminal truncation and C-terminal AML-associated mutations of C/EBPα substantially altered differentiation of progenitors into mature neutrophils in cell culture. Closer analysis of the C/EBPα-K313-duplication showed expansion and prolonged survival of mutant C/EBPα-expressing granulocytes following adoptive transfer into mice. C/EBPα-protein containing the K313-mutation further showed strongly enhanced transcriptional activity compared with the wild-type protein at certain promoters. Analysis of differentially regulated genes in cells overexpressing C/EBPα-K313 indicates a strong correlation with genes regulated by C/EBPα. Analysis of transcription factor enrichment in the differentially regulated genes indicated a strong reliance of SPI1/PU.1, suggesting that despite reduced DNA binding, C/EBPα-K313 is active in regulating target gene expression and acts largely through a network of other transcription factors. Strikingly, the K313 mutation caused strongly elevated expression of C/EBPα-protein, which could also be seen in primary K313 mutated AML blasts, explaining the enhanced C/EBPα activity in K313-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Edward Gentle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Isabel Moelter
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Tarek Badr
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstanze Döhner
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Lübbert
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Häcker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
- BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
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16
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Heme catabolism by tumor-associated macrophages controls metastasis formation. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:595-606. [PMID: 33903766 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-00921-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Although the pathological significance of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) heterogeneity is still poorly understood, TAM reprogramming is viewed as a promising anticancer therapy. Here we show that a distinct subset of TAMs (F4/80hiCD115hiC3aRhiCD88hi), endowed with high rates of heme catabolism by the stress-responsive enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), plays a critical role in shaping a prometastatic tumor microenvironment favoring immunosuppression, angiogenesis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This population originates from F4/80+HO-1+ bone marrow (BM) precursors, accumulates in the blood of tumor bearers and preferentially localizes at the invasive margin through a mechanism dependent on the activation of Nrf2 and coordinated by the NF-κB1-CSF1R-C3aR axis. Inhibition of F4/80+HO-1+ TAM recruitment or myeloid-specific deletion of HO-1 blocks metastasis formation and improves anticancer immunotherapy. Relative expression of HO-1 in peripheral monocyte subsets, as well as in tumor lesions, discriminates survival among metastatic melanoma patients. Overall, these results identify a distinct cancer-induced HO-1+ myeloid subgroup as a new antimetastatic target and prognostic blood marker.
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17
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Kimura Y, Iwanaga E, Iwanaga K, Endo S, Inoue Y, Tokunaga K, Nagahata Y, Masuda K, Kawamoto H, Matsuoka M. A regulatory element in the 3'-untranslated region of CEBPA is associated with myeloid/NK/T-cell leukemia. Eur J Haematol 2020; 106:327-339. [PMID: 33197296 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (CEBPA) is an essential transcription factor for myeloid differentiation. Not only mutation of the CEBPA gene, but also promoter methylation, which results in silencing of CEBPA, contributes to the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We sought for another differentially methylated region (DMR) that associates with the CEBPA silencing and disease phenotype. METHODS Using databases, we identified a conserved DMR in the CEBPA 3'-untranslated region (UTR). RESULTS Methylation-specific PCR analysis of 231 AML cases showed that hypermethylation of the 3'-UTR was associated with AML that had a myeloid/NK/T-cell phenotype and downregulated CEBPA. Most of these cases were of an immature phenotype with CD7/CD56 positivity. These cases were significantly associated with lower hemoglobin levels than the others. Furthermore, we discovered that the CEBPA 3'-UTR DMR can enhance transcription from the CEBPA native promoter. In vitro experiments identified IKZF1-binding sites in the 3'-UTR that are responsible for this increased transcription of CEBPA. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the CEBPA 3'-UTR DMR is a novel regulatory element of CEBPA related to myeloid/NK/T-cell lineage leukemogenesis. Transcriptional regulation of CEBPA by IKZF1 may provide a clue for understanding the fate determination of myeloid vs. NK/T-lymphoid progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Kimura
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eisaku Iwanaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kouta Iwanaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Endo
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Tokunaga
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yousuke Nagahata
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Masuda
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawamoto
- Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masao Matsuoka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Laboratory of Virus Control, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Implications of metabolism-driven myeloid dysfunctions in cancer therapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:829-841. [PMID: 33077904 PMCID: PMC7570408 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00556-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune homeostasis is maintained by an adequate balance of myeloid and lymphoid responses. In chronic inflammatory states, including cancer, this balance is lost due to dramatic expansion of myeloid progenitors that fail to mature to functional inflammatory neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells (DCs), thus giving rise to a decline in the antitumor effector lymphoid response. Cancer-related inflammation orchestrates the production of hematopoietic growth factors and cytokines that perpetuate recruitment and activation of myeloid precursors, resulting in unresolved and chronic inflammation. This pathologic inflammation creates profound alterations in the intrinsic cellular metabolism of the myeloid progenitor pool, which is amplified by competition for essential nutrients and by hypoxia-induced metabolic rewiring at the tumor site. Therefore, persistent myelopoiesis and metabolic dysfunctions contribute to the development of cancer, as well as to the severity of a broad range of diseases, including metabolic syndrome and autoimmune and infectious diseases. The aims of this review are to (1) define the metabolic networks implicated in aberrant myelopoiesis observed in cancer patients, (2) discuss the mechanisms underlying these clinical manifestations and the impact of metabolic perturbations on clinical outcomes, and (3) explore new biomarkers and therapeutic strategies to restore immunometabolism and differentiation of myeloid cells towards an effector phenotype to increase host antitumor immunity. We propose that the profound metabolic alterations and associated transcriptional changes triggered by chronic and overactivated immune responses in myeloid cells represent critical factors influencing the balance between therapeutic efficacy and immune-related adverse effects (irAEs) for current therapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy.
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19
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Morris G, Bortolasci CC, Puri BK, Olive L, Marx W, O'Neil A, Athan E, Carvalho AF, Maes M, Walder K, Berk M. The pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2: A suggested model and therapeutic approach. Life Sci 2020; 258:118166. [PMID: 32739471 PMCID: PMC7392886 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a model is proposed of the pathophysiological processes of COVID-19 starting from the infection of human type II alveolar epithelial cells (pneumocytes) by SARS-CoV-2 and culminating in the development of ARDS. The innate immune response to infection of type II alveolar epithelial cells leads both to their death by apoptosis and pyroptosis and to alveolar macrophage activation. Activated macrophages secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines and tend to polarise into the inflammatory M1 phenotype. These changes are associated with activation of vascular endothelial cells and thence the recruitment of highly toxic neutrophils and inflammatory activated platelets into the alveolar space. Activated vascular endothelial cells become a source of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and contribute to the development of coagulopathy, systemic sepsis, a cytokine storm and ARDS. Pulmonary activated platelets are also an important source of proinflammatory cytokines and ROS, as well as exacerbating pulmonary neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses and contributing to systemic sepsis by binding to neutrophils to form platelet-neutrophil complexes (PNCs). PNC formation increases neutrophil recruitment, activation priming and extraversion of these immune cells into inflamed pulmonary tissue, thereby contributing to ARDS. Sequestered PNCs cause the development of a procoagulant and proinflammatory environment. The contribution to ARDS of increased extracellular histone levels, circulating mitochondrial DNA, the chromatin protein HMGB1, decreased neutrophil apoptosis, impaired macrophage efferocytosis, the cytokine storm, the toll-like receptor radical cycle, pyroptosis, necroinflammation, lymphopenia and a high Th17 to regulatory T lymphocyte ratio are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerwyn Morris
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Chiara C. Bortolasci
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia,Corresponding author at: IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, 75 Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3218, Australia
| | | | - Lisa Olive
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Adrienne O'Neil
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Eugene Athan
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Andre F. Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada,Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Canada
| | - Michael Maes
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Department of Psychiatry, King Chulalongkorn University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand,Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Ken Walder
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Deakin University, Centre for Molecular and Medical Research, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT – the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia,Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health and the Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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20
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Grazioli P, Orlando A, Giordano N, Noce C, Peruzzi G, Scafetta G, Screpanti I, Campese AF. NF-κB1 Regulates Immune Environment and Outcome of Notch-Dependent T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Immunol 2020; 11:541. [PMID: 32346377 PMCID: PMC7169422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive pediatric malignancy that arises from the transformation of immature T-cell progenitors and has no definitive cure. Notch signaling governs many steps of T cell development and its dysregulation represents the most common causative event in the pathogenesis of T-ALL. The activation of canonical NF-κB pathway has been described as a critical downstream mediator of Notch oncogenic functions, through the sustaining of tumor cell survival and growth. The potential role of Notch/NF-κB partnership is also emerging in the generation and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the context of cancer. However, little is known about the effects of combined mutations of Notch and NF-κB in regulating immune-environment and progression of T-ALL. To shed light on the topics above we generated double-mutant mice, harboring conventional knock-out mutation of NF-κB1/p50 on the genetic background of a transgenic model of Notch-dependent T-ALL. The immunophenotyping of double-mutant mice demonstrates that NF-κB1 deletion inhibits the progression of T-ALL and strongly modifies immune-environment of the disease. Double-mutant mice display indeed a dramatic reduction of pre-leukemic CD4+CD8+ (DP) T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs) and, concurrently, the rising of an aggressive myeloproliferative trait with a massive expansion of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in the periphery, and an accumulation of the granulocyte/monocyte progenitors in the bone-marrow. Interestingly, double-mutant T cells are able to improve the growth of CD11b+Gr-1+ cells in vitro, and, more importantly, the in vivo depletion of T cells in double-mutant mice significantly reduces the expansion of myeloid compartment. Our results strongly suggest that the myeloproliferative trait observed in double-mutant mice may depend on non-cell-autonomous mechanism/s driven by T cells. Moreover, we demonstrate that the reduction of CD4+CD8+ (DP) T cells and Tregs in double-mutant mice relies on a significant enhancement of their apoptotic rate. In conclusion, double-mutant mice may represent a useful model to deepen the knowledge of the consequences on T-ALL immune-environment of modulating Notch/NF-κB relationships in tumor cells. More importantly, information derived from these studies may help in the refinement of multitarget therapies for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Grazioli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Orlando
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Nike Giordano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Noce
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Peruzzi
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Scafetta
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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21
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Porta C, Consonni FM, Morlacchi S, Sangaletti S, Bleve A, Totaro MG, Larghi P, Rimoldi M, Tripodo C, Strauss L, Banfi S, Storto M, Pressiani T, Rimassa L, Tartari S, Ippolito A, Doni A, Soldà G, Duga S, Piccolo V, Ostuni R, Natoli G, Bronte V, Balzac F, Turco E, Hirsch E, Colombo MP, Sica A. Tumor-Derived Prostaglandin E2 Promotes p50 NF-κB-Dependent Differentiation of Monocytic MDSCs. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2874-2888. [PMID: 32265223 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-2843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) include immature monocytic (M-MDSC) and granulocytic (PMN-MDSC) cells that share the ability to suppress adaptive immunity and to hinder the effectiveness of anticancer treatments. Of note, in response to IFNγ, M-MDSCs release the tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive molecule nitric oxide (NO), whereas macrophages largely express antitumor properties. Investigating these opposing activities, we found that tumor-derived prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induces nuclear accumulation of p50 NF-κB in M-MDSCs, diverting their response to IFNγ toward NO-mediated immunosuppression and reducing TNFα expression. At the genome level, p50 NF-κB promoted binding of STAT1 to regulatory regions of selected IFNγ-dependent genes, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (Nos2). In agreement, ablation of p50 as well as pharmacologic inhibition of either the PGE2 receptor EP2 or NO production reprogrammed M-MDSCs toward a NOS2low/TNFαhigh phenotype, restoring the in vivo antitumor activity of IFNγ. Our results indicate that inhibition of the PGE2/p50/NO axis prevents MDSC-suppressive functions and restores the efficacy of anticancer immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE: Tumor-derived PGE2-mediated induction of nuclear p50 NF-κB epigenetically reprograms the response of monocytic cells to IFNγ toward an immunosuppressive phenotype, thus retrieving the anticancer properties of IFNγ. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT: http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/canres/80/13/2874/F1.large.jpg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Porta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy.,Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune & Allergic Diseases (CAAD) Cso Trieste 15/A, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Sara Morlacchi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Augusto Bleve
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | | | - Paola Larghi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Rimoldi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Human Pathology Section, Department of Health Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Strauss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Stefania Banfi
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Storto
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pressiani
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Rimassa
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Tartari
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ippolito
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Doni
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Soldà
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Duga
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Viviana Piccolo
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Ostuni
- San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-TIGET), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Gioacchino Natoli
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Bronte
- Department of Medicine, Verona University Hospital, Verona, Italy
| | - Fiorella Balzac
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilia Turco
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mario P Colombo
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Novara, Italy. .,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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22
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Ai Z, Udalova IA. Transcriptional regulation of neutrophil differentiation and function during inflammation. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 107:419-430. [PMID: 31951039 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1ru1219-504rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in innate immunity where they elicit powerful effector functions to eliminate invading pathogens and modulate the adaptive as well as the innate immune response. Neutrophil function must be tightly regulated during inflammation and infection to avoid additional tissue damage. Increasing evidence suggests that transcription factors (TFs) function as key regulators to modulate transcriptional output, thereby controlling cell fate decision and the inflammatory responses. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying neutrophil differentiation and function during inflammation remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of TFs known to be crucial for neutrophil maturation and in the signaling pathways that control neutrophil differentiation and activation. We also outline how emerging genomic and single-cell technologies may facilitate further discovery of neutrophil transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Ai
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Irina A Udalova
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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23
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Dashti S, Ghafouri-Fard S, Esfandi F, Oskooei VK, Arsang-Jang S, Taheri M. Expression analysis of NF-κB interacting long noncoding RNAs in breast cancer. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 112:104359. [PMID: 31837323 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has a prominent role in development of breast cancer and response of patients to conventional therapies. Several factors regulate the activity of this transcription factor. In the current investigation, we compared expression levels of five long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with putative interactions with NF-κB namely CHAST, ADINR, DICER1-AS1, HNF1A-AS1 and NKILA between 78 breast cancer tissues and their paired adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs). We also assessed expression levels of ATG5 and CEBPA mRNA coding genes that are functionally linked with NF-κB signaling in these two sets of samples. All assessed genes except for NKILA were significantly down-regulated in tumoral tissues compared with ANCTs. Expression of NKILA was not significantly different between tumoral tissues and ANCTs. Expression levels of CEBPA and HNF1A-AS were significantly associated with cancer stage (P values of 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). Expression levels of ATG5 tended to be associated with mitotic rate (P = .05). The association between expression levels of ATG5 and tumor size was also significant (P = .02). Expression of CHAST was significantly associated with PR status (P = .04) and tended to be associated with ER status (P = .05). Finally, expression of NKILA was significantly associated with first pregnancy age (P = .01). No other significant association was detected between expression levels of assessed genes and clinical parameters. Expression levels of mentioned genes were significantly correlated with each other. The most significant correlations were found between CHAST and ADINR (correlation coefficients of 0.78 and 0.69 in tumoral tissues and ANCTs respectively). Based on the area under curve (AUC) values, DICER1-AS and CEBPA had the best performance in differentiation of tumoral tissues from ANCTs (AUC values of 0.92 and 0.90 respectively. Combination of transcript quantities of six genes could differentiate these two sets of samples with 92.3% sensitivity, 91% specificity and diagnostic power of 95%. The current project highlights dysregulation of NF-κB-associated genes in breast cancer tissues and suggests them as potential diagnostic markers in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Dashti
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Vahid Kholghi Oskooei
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran
| | - Shahram Arsang-Jang
- Clinical Research Development Center (CRDU), Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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24
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Kong F, Zhou K, Zhu T, Lian Q, Tao Y, Li N, Tu T, Bi Y, Yang X, Pan X, Li S, You H, Zheng K, Tang R. Interleukin-34 mediated by hepatitis B virus X protein via CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α contributes to the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells. Cell Prolif 2019; 52:e12703. [PMID: 31621133 PMCID: PMC6869657 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Interleukin‐34 (IL‐34) is associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the role and associated mechanisms of IL‐34 in HBV‐related HCC remain unclear. In this study, the expression, biological function and associated mechanisms of IL‐34 in HBV‐related HCC cells were investigated. Methods IL‐34 expression induced by HBV and HBV X (HBX) gene was measured in hepatoma cells. The role of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (CEBP/α) in HBX‐induced IL‐34 expression was examined. The signal pathways involved in the expression of CEBP/α and IL‐34 induced by HBX were assessed. The role of IL‐34 in the proliferation and migration of HCC cells, and related mechanisms were explored. Results Dependent on HBX, HBV increased IL‐34 expression in hepatoma cells, and HBX upregulated and interacted with CEBP/α to enhance the activity of IL‐34 promoters. CEBP/α mediated by HBX was associated with the activation of PI3‐K and NF‐κB pathways to promote IL‐34 expression. Via CSF1‐R and CD138, IL‐34 promoted the proliferation and migration of hepatoma cells, and contributed to the activation of ERK and STAT3 pathways and the upregulation of Bcl‐xl and c‐Myc mediated by HBX. Conclusion We demonstrate that IL‐34 contributes to HBX‐mediated functional abnormality of HCC cells and provides a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis mediated by HBX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyun Kong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Clinical Laboratory, Enze Hospital, Taizhou Enze Medical Center, Luqiao, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qi Lian
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yukai Tao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Tao Tu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yanwei Bi
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoying Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiucheng Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Shibao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongjuan You
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Kuiyang Zheng
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Renxian Tang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Immunity and Metabolism, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Basic Medical Sciences Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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25
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Abstract
Cancers promote immunological stresses that induce alterations of the myelopoietic output, defined as emergency myelopoiesis, which lead to the generation of different myeloid populations endowed with tumor-promoting activities. New evidence indicates that acquisition of this tumor-promoting phenotype by myeloid cells is the result of a multistep process, encompassing initial events originating into the bone marrow and later steps operating in the tumor microenvironment. The careful characterization of these sequential mechanisms is likely to offer new potential therapeutic opportunities. Here, we describe relevant mechanisms of myeloid cells reprogramming that instate immune dysfunctions and limit effective responses to anticancer therapy and discuss the influence that metabolic events, as well as chemotherapy, elicit on such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", via Bovio 6, Novara, Italy
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova
- Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV I.R.C.C.S, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gennari
- Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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26
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Sica A, Guarneri V, Gennari A. Myelopoiesis, metabolism and therapy: a crucial crossroads in cancer progression. Cell Stress 2019; 3:284-294. [PMID: 31535085 PMCID: PMC6732213 DOI: 10.15698/cst2019.09.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers promote immunological stresses that induce alterations of the myelopoietic output, defined as emergency myelopoiesis, which lead to the generation of different myeloid populations endowed with tumor-promoting activities. New evidence indicates that acquisition of this tumor-promoting phenotype by myeloid cells is the result of a multistep process, encompassing initial events originating into the bone marrow and later steps operating in the tumor microenvironment. The careful characterization of these sequential mechanisms is likely to offer new potential therapeutic opportunities. Here, we describe relevant mechanisms of myeloid cells reprogramming that instate immune dysfunctions and limit effective responses to anticancer therapy and discuss the influence that metabolic events, as well as chemotherapy, elicit on such events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Sica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", via Bovio 6, Novara, Italy.,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova.,Istituto Oncologico Veneto IOV I.R.C.C.S, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gennari
- Division of Oncology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
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27
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Mussbacher M, Salzmann M, Brostjan C, Hoesel B, Schoergenhofer C, Datler H, Hohensinner P, Basílio J, Petzelbauer P, Assinger A, Schmid JA. Cell Type-Specific Roles of NF-κB Linking Inflammation and Thrombosis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:85. [PMID: 30778349 PMCID: PMC6369217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is a central mediator of inflammation with multiple links to thrombotic processes. In this review, we focus on the role of NF-κB signaling in cell types within the vasculature and the circulation that are involved in thrombo-inflammatory processes. All these cells express NF-κB, which mediates important functions in cellular interactions, cell survival and differentiation, as well as expression of cytokines, chemokines, and coagulation factors. Even platelets, as anucleated cells, contain NF-κB family members and their corresponding signaling molecules, which are involved in platelet activation, as well as secondary feedback circuits. The response of endothelial cells to inflammation and NF-κB activation is characterized by the induction of adhesion molecules promoting binding and transmigration of leukocytes, while simultaneously increasing their thrombogenic potential. Paracrine signaling from endothelial cells activates NF-κB in vascular smooth muscle cells and causes a phenotypic switch to a “synthetic” state associated with a decrease in contractile proteins. Monocytes react to inflammatory situations with enforced expression of tissue factor and after differentiation to macrophages with altered polarization. Neutrophils respond with an extension of their life span—and upon full activation they can expel their DNA thereby forming so-called neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which exert antibacterial functions, but also induce a strong coagulatory response. This may cause formation of microthrombi that are important for the immobilization of pathogens, a process designated as immunothrombosis. However, deregulation of the complex cellular links between inflammation and thrombosis by unrestrained NET formation or the loss of the endothelial layer due to mechanical rupture or erosion can result in rapid activation and aggregation of platelets and the manifestation of thrombo-inflammatory diseases. Sepsis is an important example of such a disorder caused by a dysregulated host response to infection finally leading to severe coagulopathies. NF-κB is critically involved in these pathophysiological processes as it induces both inflammatory and thrombotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Mussbacher
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Salzmann
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Department of Surgery, General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bastian Hoesel
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Hannes Datler
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Hohensinner
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - José Basílio
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Petzelbauer
- Skin and Endothelial Research Division, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes A Schmid
- Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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28
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Orsini M, Morceau F, Dicato M, Diederich M. Autophagy as a pharmacological target in hematopoiesis and hematological disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 152:347-361. [PMID: 29656115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is involved in many cellular processes, including cell homeostasis, cell death/survival balance and differentiation. Autophagy is essential for hematopoietic stem cell survival, quiescence, activation and differentiation. The deregulation of this process is associated with numerous hematological disorders and pathologies, including cancers. Thus, the use of autophagy modulators to induce or inhibit autophagy emerges as a potential therapeutic approach for treating these diseases and could be particularly interesting for differentiation therapy of leukemia cells. This review presents therapeutic strategies and pharmacological agents in the context of hematological disorders. The pros and cons of autophagy modulators in therapy will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Orsini
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Franck Morceau
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Mario Dicato
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9, rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Marc Diederich
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Roles of NF-κB Signaling in the Regulation of miRNAs Impacting on Inflammation in Cancer. Biomedicines 2018; 6:biomedicines6020040. [PMID: 29601548 PMCID: PMC6027290 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines6020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The NF-κB family of transcription factors regulate the expression of genes encoding proteins and microRNAs (miRNA, miR) precursors that may either positively or negatively regulate a variety of biological processes such as cell cycle progression, cell survival, and cell differentiation. The NF-κB-miRNA transcriptional regulatory network has been implicated in the regulation of proinflammatory, immune, and stress-like responses. Gene regulation by miRNAs has emerged as an additional epigenetic mechanism at the post-transcriptional level. The expression of miRNAs can be regulated by specific transcription factors (TFs), including the NF-κB TF family, and vice versa. The interplay between TFs and miRNAs creates positive or negative feedback loops and also regulatory networks, which can control cell fate. In the current review, we discuss the impact of NF-κB-miRNA interplay and feedback loops and networks impacting on inflammation in cancer. We provide several paradigms of specific NF-κB-miRNA networks that can regulate inflammation linked to cancer. For example, the NF-κB-miR-146 and NF-κB-miR-155 networks fine-tune the activity, intensity, and duration of inflammation, while the NF-κB-miR-21 and NF-κB-miR-181b-1 amplifying loops link inflammation to cancer; and p53- or NF-κB-regulated miRNAs interconnect these pathways and may shift the balance to cancer development or tumor suppression. The availability of genomic data may be useful to verify and find novel interactions, and provide a catalogue of 162 miRNAs targeting and 40 miRNAs possibly regulated by NF-κB. We propose that studying active TF-miRNA transcriptional regulatory networks such as NF-κB-miRNA networks in specific cancer types can contribute to our further understanding of the regulatory interplay between inflammation and cancer, and also perhaps lead to the development of pharmacologically novel therapeutic approaches to combat cancer.
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Pyrin-only protein 2 limits inflammation but improves protection against bacteria. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15564. [PMID: 28580947 PMCID: PMC5512670 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrin domain-only proteins (POPs) are recently evolved, primate-specific proteins demonstrated in vitro as negative regulators of inflammatory responses. However, their in vivo function is not understood. Of the four known POPs, only POP2 is reported to regulate NF-κB-dependent transcription and multiple inflammasomes. Here we use a transgenic mouse-expressing POP2 controlled by its endogenous human promotor to study the immunological functions of POP2. Despite having significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine responses to LPS and bacterial infection, POP2 transgenic mice are more resistant to bacterial infection than wild-type mice. In a pulmonary tularaemia model, POP2 enhances IFN-γ production, modulates neutrophil numbers, improves macrophage functions, increases bacterial control and diminishes lung pathology. Thus, unlike other POPs thought to diminish innate protection, POP2 reduces detrimental inflammation while preserving and enhancing protective immunity. Our findings suggest that POP2 acts as a high-order regulator balancing cellular function and inflammation with broad implications for inflammation-associated diseases and therapeutic intervention. Pyrin-only proteins (POPs) are primate-specific negative regulators of inflammasome activation. Here the authors generate transgenic mice expressing POP2 under the control of the human promoter, and show that POP2 is important for balancing antibacterial inflammatory responses in vivo.
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Pollard HB, Shivakumar C, Starr J, Eidelman O, Jacobowitz DM, Dalgard CL, Srivastava M, Wilkerson MD, Stein MB, Ursano RJ. "Soldier's Heart": A Genetic Basis for Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk Associated with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder. Front Mol Neurosci 2016; 9:87. [PMID: 27721742 PMCID: PMC5033971 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
"Soldier's Heart," is an American Civil War term linking post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with increased propensity for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have hypothesized that there might be a quantifiable genetic basis for this linkage. To test this hypothesis we identified a comprehensive set of candidate risk genes for PTSD, and tested whether any were also independent risk genes for CVD. A functional analysis algorithm was used to identify associated signaling networks. We identified 106 PTSD studies that report one or more polymorphic variants in 87 candidate genes in 83,463 subjects and controls. The top upstream drivers for these PTSD risk genes are predicted to be the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) and Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFA). We find that 37 of the PTSD candidate risk genes are also candidate independent risk genes for CVD. The association between PTSD and CVD is significant by Fisher's Exact Test (P = 3 × 10-54). We also find 15 PTSD risk genes that are independently associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM; also significant by Fisher's Exact Test (P = 1.8 × 10-16). Our findings offer quantitative evidence for a genetic link between post-traumatic stress and cardiovascular disease, Computationally, the common mechanism for this linkage between PTSD and CVD is innate immunity and NFκB-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey B. Pollard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chittari Shivakumar
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joshua Starr
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ofer Eidelman
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - David M. Jacobowitz
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clifton L. Dalgard
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Meera Srivastava
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Genetics, Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D. Wilkerson
- Collaborative Health Initiative Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
| | - Murray B. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San DiegoSan Diego, CA, USA
| | - Robert J. Ursano
- Department of Psychiatry Uniformed Services University School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
- Center for the Study of Traumatic stress, Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesda, MD, USA
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Xu T, Shen X, Seyfert HM. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 expression is downregulated in liver and udder during E. coli mastitis through enhanced expression of repressive C/EBP factors and reduced expression of the inducer SREBP1A. BMC Mol Biol 2016; 17:16. [PMID: 27439381 PMCID: PMC4955114 DOI: 10.1186/s12867-016-0069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) desaturates long chain fatty acids and is therefore a key enzyme in fat catabolism. Its synthesis is downregulated in liver during illnesses caused by high levels of circulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SCD1 expression is known to be stimulated under adipogenic conditions through a variety of transcription factors, notably SREBP1 and C/EBPα and −β. However, mechanisms downregulating SCD1 expression during illness related reprograming of the metabolism were unknown. Escherichia coli elicited mastitis is an example of such a condition and was found to downregulates milk and milk fat synthesis. This is in part mediated through epigenetic mechanisms. We analyzed here mechanism controlling SCD1 expression in livers and udders from cows suffering from experimentally induced E. coli mastitis. Results We validated with RT-qPCR that SCD1 expression was reduced in these organs of the experimental cows. They also featured decreased levels of mRNAs encoding SREBP1a but increased levels for C/EBP α and −β. Chromatin accessibility PCR (CHART) revealed that downregulation of SCD1 expression in liver was not caused by tighter chromatin compaction of the SCD1 promoter. Reporter gene analyses showed in liver (HepG2) and mammary epithelial (MAC-T) model cells that overexpression of SREBP1a expectedly activated the promoter, while unexpectedly C/EBPα and −β strongly quenched the promoter activity. Abrogation of two from among of the three C/EBP DNA-binding motifs of the promoter revealed that C/EBPα acts in cis but C/EBPβ in trans. Overexpressing truncated C/EBPα or −β factors lacking their repressive domains confirmed in both model cells the direct action of C/EBPα, but not of C/EBPβ on the promoter. Conclusions We found no evidence that epigenetic mechanism remodeling the chromatin compaction of the SCD1 promoter would contribute to downregulate SCD1 expression during infection. Instead, our data show for the first time that C/EBP factors may repress SCD1 expression in liver and udder rather than stimulating as it was previously shown in adipocytes. This cell type specific dual and opposite function of C/EBP factors for regulating SCD1 expression was previously unknown. Infection related activation of their expression combined with downregulated expression of SREBP1a explains reduced SCD1 expression in liver and udder during acute mastitis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12867-016-0069-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Xu
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangzhen Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Hans-Martin Seyfert
- Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Institute for Genome Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Cartwright T, Perkins ND, L Wilson C. NFKB1: a suppressor of inflammation, ageing and cancer. FEBS J 2016; 283:1812-22. [PMID: 26663363 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The pleiotropic consequences of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells (NF-κB) pathway activation result from the combinatorial effects of the five subunits that form the homo- and heterodimeric NF-κB complexes. Although biochemical and gene knockout studies have demonstrated overlapping and distinct functions for these proteins, much is still not known about the mechanisms determining context-dependent functions, the formation of different dimer complexes and transcriptional control in response to diverse stimuli. Here we discuss recent results that reveal that the nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (NFKB1) (p105/p50) subunit is an important regulator of NF-κB activity in vivo. These effects are not restricted to being a dimer partner for other NF-κB subunits. Rather p50 homodimers have a critical role as suppressors of the NF-κB response, while the p105 precursor has a variety of NF-κB-independent functions. The importance of Nfkb1 function can be seen in mouse models, where Nfkb1(-/-) mice display increased inflammation and susceptibility to certain forms of DNA damage, leading to cancer, and a rapid ageing phenotype. In humans, low expression of Kip1 ubiquitination-promoting complex 1 (KPC1), a ubiquitin ligase required for p105 to p50 processing, was shown to correlate with a reduction in p50 and glioblastoma incidence. Therefore, while the majority of research in this field has focused on the upstream signalling pathways leading to NF-κB activation or the function of other NF-κB subunits, such as RelA (p65), these data demonstrate a critical role for NFKB1, potentially revealing new strategies for targeting this pathway in inflammatory diseases and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrell Cartwright
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Neil D Perkins
- Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, UK
| | - Caroline L Wilson
- Fibrosis Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, UK
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Seipel K, Marques MT, Bozzini MA, Meinken C, Mueller BU, Pabst T. Inactivation of the p53-KLF4-CEBPA Axis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:746-56. [PMID: 26408402 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the transcription factors CEBPA and KLF4 as well as the universal tumor suppressor p53 are frequently deregulated. Here, we investigated the extent of dysregulation, the molecular interactions, and the mechanisms involved. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN One hundred ten AML patient samples were analyzed for protein levels of CEBPA, KLF4, p53, and p53 modulators. Regulation of CEBPA gene expression by KLF4 and p53 or by chemical p53 activators was characterized in AML cell lines. RESULTS We found that CEBPA gene transcription can be directly activated by p53 and KLF4, suggesting a p53-KLF4-CEBPA axis. In AML patient cells, we observed a prominent loss of p53 function and concomitant reduction of KLF4 and CEBPA protein levels. Assessment of cellular p53 modulator proteins indicated that p53 inactivation in leukemic cells correlated with elevated levels of the nuclear export protein XPO1/CRM1 and increase of the p53 inhibitors MDM2 and CUL9/PARC in the cytoplasm. Finally, restoring p53 function following treatment with cytotoxic chemotherapy compounds and p53 restoring non-genotoxic agents induced CEBPA gene expression, myeloid differentiation, and cell-cycle arrest in AML cells. CONCLUSIONS The p53-KLF4-CEBPA axis is deregulated in AML but can be functionally restored by conventional chemotherapy and novel p53 activating treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Seipel
- Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland. Department of Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Teixera Marques
- Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Ange Bozzini
- Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Christina Meinken
- Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice U Mueller
- Department of Clinical Research, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Pabst
- Department of Medical Oncology, University and University Hospital of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
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Zhang J, Li L, Baldwin AS, Friedman AD, Paz-Priel I. Loss of IKKβ but Not NF-κB p65 Skews Differentiation towards Myeloid over Erythroid Commitment and Increases Myeloid Progenitor Self-Renewal and Functional Long-Term Hematopoietic Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130441. [PMID: 26102347 PMCID: PMC4477978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is an important regulator of both differentiation and function of lineage-committed hematopoietic cells. Targeted deletion of IκB kinase (IKK) β results in altered cytokine signaling and marked neutrophilia. To investigate the role of IKKβ in regulation of hematopoiesis, we employed Mx1-Cre mediated IKKβ conditional knockout mice. As previously reported, deletion of IKKβ in hematopoietic cells results in neutrophilia, and we now also noted decreased monocytes and modest anemia. Granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs) accumulated markedly in bone marrow of IKKβ deleted mice whereas the proportion and number of megakaryocyte-erythrocyte progenitors (MEP) decreased. Accordingly, we found a significantly reduced frequency of proerythroblasts and basophilic and polychromatic erythroblasts, and IKKβ-deficient bone marrow cells yielded a significantly decreased number of BFU-E compared to wild type. These changes are associated with elevated expression of C/EBPα, Gfi1, and PU.1 and diminished Gata1, Klf1, and SCL/Tal1 in IKKβ deficient Lineage-Sca1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells. In contrast, no effect on erythropoiesis or expression of lineage-related transcription factors was found in marrow lacking NF-κB p65. Bone marrow from IKKβ knockout mice has elevated numbers of phenotypic long and short term hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). A similar increase was observed when IKKβ was deleted after marrow transplantation into a wild type host, indicating cell autonomous expansion. Myeloid progenitors from IKKβ- but not p65-deleted mice demonstrate increased serial replating in colony-forming assays, indicating increased cell autonomous self-renewal capacity. In addition, in a competitive repopulation assay deletion of IKKβ resulted in a stable advantage of bone marrow derived from IKKβ knockout mice. In summary, loss of IKKβ resulted in significant effects on hematopoiesis not seen upon NF-κB p65 deletion. These include increased myeloid and reduced erythroid transcription factors, skewing differentiation towards myeloid over erythroid differentiation, increased progenitor self-renewal, and increased number of functional long term HSCs. These data inform ongoing efforts to develop IKK inhibitors for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Li Li
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Albert S. Baldwin
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Alan D. Friedman
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Ido Paz-Priel
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhou J, Ching YQ, Chng WJ. Aberrant nuclear factor-kappa B activity in acute myeloid leukemia: from molecular pathogenesis to therapeutic target. Oncotarget 2015; 6:5490-500. [PMID: 25823927 PMCID: PMC4467382 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall survival of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has not been improved significantly over the last decade. Molecularly targeted agents hold promise to change the therapeutic landscape in AML. The nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) controls a plethora of biological process through switching on and off its long list of target genes. In AML, constitutive NF-κB has been detected in 40% of cases and its aberrant activity enable leukemia cells to evade apoptosis and stimulate proliferation. These facts suggest that NF-κB signaling pathway plays a fundamental role in the development of AML and it represents an attractive target for the intervention of AML. This review summarizes our current knowledge of NF-κB signaling transduction including canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathways. Then we specifically highlight what factors contribute to the aberrant activation of NF-κB activity in AML, followed by an overview of 8 important clinical trials of the first FDA approved proteasome inhibitor, Bortezomib (Velcade), which is a NF-κB inhibitor too, in combination with other therapeutic agents in patients with AML. Finally, this review discusses the future directions of NF-κB inhibitor in treatment of AML, especially in targeting leukemia stem cells (LSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbiao Zhou
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Ying Qing Ching
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wee-Joo Chng
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, Centre for Translational Medicine, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, National University Cancer Institute of Singapore (NCIS), The National University Health System (NUHS), Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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Song G, Wang L, Bi K, Jiang G. Regulation of the C/EBPα signaling pathway in acute myeloid leukemia (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2099-106. [PMID: 25760953 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα), as a critical regulator of myeloid development, directs granulocyte and monocyte differentiation. Various mechanisms have been identified to explain how C/EBPα functions in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). C/EBPα expression is suppressed as a result of common leukemia-associated genetic and epigenetic alterations such as AML1-ETO, RARα-PLZF or gene promoter methylation. Recent data have shown that ubiquitination modification also contributes to its downregulation. In addition, 10-15% of patients with AML in an intermediate cytogenetic risk subgroup were characterized by mutations of the C/EBPα gene. As a transcription factor, C/EBPα can translocate into the nucleus and further regulate a variety of genes directly or indirectly, which are all key factors for cell differentiation. This review summarizes recent reports concerning the dysregulation of C/EBPα expression at various levels in human AML. The currently available data are persuasive evidence suggesting that impaired abnormal C/EBPα expression contributes to the development of AML, and restoration of C/EBPα expression as well as its function represents a promising target for novel therapeutic strategies in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Song
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases, Key Medical Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Research Center for Medical Biotechnology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
| | - Kehong Bi
- Department of Hematology, Qianfoshan Mountain Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Guosheng Jiang
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory for Modern Medicine and Technology of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory for Rare and Uncommon Diseases, Key Medical Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Immunology of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250062, P.R. China
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Barbagallo D, Condorelli AG, Piro S, Parrinello N, Fløyel T, Ragusa M, Rabuazzo AM, Størling J, Purrello F, Di Pietro C, Purrello M. CEBPA exerts a specific and biologically important proapoptotic role in pancreatic β cells through its downstream network targets. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2333-41. [PMID: 24943845 PMCID: PMC4142607 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e14-02-0703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor CEBPA has been widely studied for its involvement in hematopoietic cell differentiation and causal role in hematological malignancies. It is shown for the first time that CEBPA also has a causal role in cytokine-induced apoptosis of pancreas β cells. Transcription factor CEBPA has been widely studied for its involvement in hematopoietic cell differentiation and causal role in hematological malignancies. We demonstrate here that it also performs a causal role in cytokine-induced apoptosis of pancreas β cells. Treatment of two mouse pancreatic α and β cell lines (αTC1-6 and βTC1) with proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α at doses that specifically induce apoptosis of βTC1 significantly increased the amount of mRNA and protein encoded by Cebpa and its proapoptotic targets, Arl6ip5 and Tnfrsf10b, in βTC1 but not in αTC1-6. Cebpa knockdown in βTC1 significantly decreased cytokine-induced apoptosis, together with the amount of Arl6ip5 and Tnfrsf10b. Analysis of the network comprising CEBPA, its targets, their first interactants, and proteins encoded by genes known to regulate cytokine-induced apoptosis in pancreatic β cells (genes from the apoptotic machinery and from MAPK and NFkB pathways) revealed that CEBPA, ARL6IP5, TNFRSF10B, TRAF2, and UBC are the top five central nodes. In silico analysis further suggests TRAF2 as trait d'union node between CEBPA and the NFkB pathway. Our results strongly suggest that Cebpa is a key regulator within the apoptotic network activated in pancreatic β cells during insulitis, and Arl6ip5, Tnfrsf10b, Traf2, and Ubc are key executioners of this program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Barbagallo
- Unit of Molecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine, Department "Gian Filippo Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli
- Unit of Molecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine, Department "Gian Filippo Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Salvatore Piro
- Department of Molecular and Clinic BioMedicine, University of Catania, Catania 95122, Italy
| | - Nunziatina Parrinello
- Department of Molecular and Clinic BioMedicine, University of Catania, Catania 95122, Italy
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (DIRECT), Herlev University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Unit of Molecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine, Department "Gian Filippo Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Agata Maria Rabuazzo
- Department of Molecular and Clinic BioMedicine, University of Catania, Catania 95122, Italy
| | - Joachim Størling
- Copenhagen Diabetes Research Center (DIRECT), Herlev University Hospital, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Francesco Purrello
- Department of Molecular and Clinic BioMedicine, University of Catania, Catania 95122, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Unit of Molecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine, Department "Gian Filippo Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Unit of Molecular, Genome and Complex Systems BioMedicine, Department "Gian Filippo Ingrassia," University of Catania, Catania 95123, Italy
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No major role for the transcription factor NF-κB in bone marrow function during peritonitis in the mouse. Int J Hematol 2014; 100:111-8. [PMID: 24859830 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-014-1598-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a multipotent transcription factor that plays a pivotal role in immune reactions, inflammation, and possibly hematopoiesis as well. Mobilization of neutrophilic granulocytes during inflammation is a highly regulated process, but one that is incompletely understood. We studied the in vivo activity of NF-κB in mouse organs and cells, with a focus on bone marrow, during acute inflammation. NF-κB activity was studied in transgenic mice expressing a luciferase reporter expressed in a NF-κB activation-dependent fashion. Acute peritoneal inflammation was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the casein digest bacto-tryptone, or the insoluble polysaccharide zymosan. Organs were removed and blood, bone marrow, and peritoneal cells were separated using density gradient centrifugation. NF-κB activity in organ homogenates and cell lysates was quantified. These three inflammatory agents increased NF-κB activity to a variable extent within the inflamed peritoneal cavity, liver, and spleen, with LPS being the strongest stimulus. LPS, but not bacto-tryptone or zymosan, activated NF-κB in lung and bone marrow, the latter activity mainly observed in density fractions rich in immature bone marrow cells. NF-κB activation was prominent at 6 h after induction of peritonitis, fading at 24 h, as expected for an acute phase phenomenon. From this proof-of-principle study with luciferase reporter mice dependent on NF-κB activation, we suggest that, in steady-state mice, mobilization of bone marrow granulocytes to an inflammatory site can occur without discernible activation of NF-κB in bone marrow.
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40
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Granulopoiesis requires increased C/EBPα compared to monopoiesis, correlated with elevated Cebpa in immature G-CSF receptor versus M-CSF receptor expressing cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95784. [PMID: 24752325 PMCID: PMC3994156 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
C/EBPα is required for the formation of granulocyte-monocyte progenitors; however, its role in subsequent myeloid lineage specification remains uncertain. Transduction of murine marrow with either of two Cebpa shRNAs markedly increases monocyte and reduces granulocyte colonies in methylcellulose or the monocyte to neutrophil ratio in liquid culture. Similar findings were found after marrow shRNA transduction and transplantation and with CEBPA knockdown in human marrow CD34+ cells. These results apparently reflect altered myeloid lineage specification, as similar knockdown allowed nearly complete 32Dcl3 granulocytic maturation. Cebpa knockdown also generated lineage-negative blasts with increased colony replating capacity but unchanged cell cycle parameters, likely reflecting complete differentiation block. The shRNA having the greatest effect on lineage skewing reduced Cebpa 3-fold in differentiating cells but 6-fold in accumulating blasts. Indicating that Cebpa is the relevant shRNA target, shRNA-resistant C/EBPα-ER rescued marrow myelopoiesis. Cebpa knockdown in murine marrow cells also increased in vitro erythropoiesis, perhaps reflecting 1.6-fold reduction in PU.1 leading to GATA-1 derepression. Global gene expression analysis of lineage-negative blasts that accumulate after Cebpa knockdown demonstrated reduction in Cebpe and Gfi1, known transcriptional regulators of granulopoiesis, and also reduced Ets1 and Klf5. Populations enriched for immature granulocyte or monocyte progenitor/precursors were isolated by sorting Lin-Sca-1-c-Kit+ cells into GCSFR+MCSFR- or GCSFR-MCSFR+ subsets. Cebpa, Cebpe, Gfi1, Ets1, and Klf5 RNAs were increased in the c-Kit+GCSFR+ and Klf4 and Irf8 in the c-Kit+MCSFR+ populations, with PU.1 levels similar in both. In summary, higher levels of C/EBPα are required for granulocyte and lower levels for monocyte lineage specification, and this myeloid bifurcation may be facilitated by increased Cebpa gene expression in granulocyte compared with monocyte progenitors.
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Complex regulation of acute and chronic neuroinflammatory responses in mouse models deficient for nuclear factor kappa B p50 subunit. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 64:16-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Na HS, Lim EJ, Jeong SY, Ryu MH, Park MH, Chung J. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide of Porphyromonas gingivalis in human gingival fibroblast. J Microbiol 2014; 52:154-60. [PMID: 24500480 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-014-3022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis, inflammatory responses are mediated by a wide variety of genes. In our previous screening study, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) mRNA binding protein expression was increased in gingiva from periodontitis patients. In this study, we further investigated the signaling pathway involved in PAI-1 expression induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (Pg LPS) in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). When HGFs were treated with Pg LPS, both PAI-1 mRNA expression and PAI-1 protein were induced in a dose-dependent manner. Pg LPS induced NF-κB activation and the expressions of PAI-1 mRNA and protein were suppressed by pretreating with a NF-κB inhibitor. Pg LPS also induced ERK, p38, and JNK activation, and Pg LPS-induced PAI-1 expression was inhibited by ERK/p38/JNK inhibitor pretreatment. In conclusion, Pg LPS induced PAI-1 expression through NF-κB and MAP kinases activation in HGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-810, Republic of Korea
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Fang G, Song D, Ye X, Mao SZ, Liu G, Liu SF. Chronic intermittent hypoxia exposure induces atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice: role of NF-κB p50. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2012; 181:1530-9. [PMID: 22940439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Current animal models of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced atherosclerosis have limitations. Mechanisms of CIH-induced atherosclerosis are poorly understood. This study tested new mouse models of CIH-induced atherosclerosis and defined the role of NF-κB p50 in CIH-induced atherosclerosis. Mice deficient in apolipoprotein E (ApoE-KO) or in both ApoE and p50 genes (ApoE-p50-DKO) were exposed to sham or CIH. Atherosclerotic lesions on aortic preparations were analyzed. CIH exposure caused atherosclerosis in ApoE-KO mice fed a normal chow diet and with no preexisting atherosclerotic condition in an exposure time-dependent manner. CIH caused more pronounced atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-p50-DKO mice on a normal chow diet without preexisting atherosclerosis. ApoE-KO and ApoE-p50-DKO mice exposed to CIH for 30 and 9 weeks, respectively, displayed similar areas of atherosclerotic lesions on cross sections of aortic root. P50 gene deletion in ApoE-p50-DKO mice significantly augmented CIH-induced serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-6, aortic tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and aortic infiltration of Mac3-positive macrophages. CIH caused a greater elevation in serum cholesterol level in ApoE-p50-DKO than in ApoE-KO mice. CIH down-regulated hepatic low-density lipoprotein receptor and HMG-CoA reductase expression in ApoE-p50-DKO but not in ApoE-KO mice. We found two new mouse models that are useful for studying mechanisms and pathways of CIH-induced atherosclerosis. We showed that NF-κB p50 protects against CIH-induced atherosclerosis by inhibiting vascular inflammation and hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Fang
- Centers for Heart and Lung Research, and Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Manea A, Manea SA, Florea IC, Luca CM, Raicu M. Positive regulation of NADPH oxidase 5 by proinflammatory-related mechanisms in human aortic smooth muscle cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:1497-507. [PMID: 22348975 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2011] [Revised: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidase Nox5 subtype expression is significantly increased in vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) underlying fibro-lipid atherosclerotic lesions. The mechanisms that up-regulate Nox5 are not understood. Consequently, we characterized the promoter of the human Nox5 gene and investigated the role of various proinflammatory transcription factors in the regulation of Nox5 in human aortic SMCs. The Nox5 promoter was cloned in the pGL3 basic reporter vector. Functional analysis was done employing 5' deletion mutants to identify the sequences necessary to effect high levels of expression in SMCs. Transcriptional initiation site was detected by rapid amplification of the 5'-cDNA ends. In silico analysis indicated the existence of typical NF-kB, AP-1, and STAT1/STAT3 sites. Transient overexpression of p65/NF-kB, c-Jun/AP-1, or STAT1/STAT3 increased significantly the Nox5 promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated the physical interaction of c-Jun/AP-1 and STAT1/STAT3 proteins with the Nox5 promoter. Lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence, real-time PCR, and Western blot assays showed that pharmacological inhibition and the silencing of p65/NF-kB, c-Jun/AP-1, or STAT1/STAT3 reduced significantly the interferon γ-induced Ca(2+)-dependent Nox activity and Nox5 expression. Up-regulated Nox5 correlated with increases in intracellular Ca(2+), an essential condition for Nox5 activity. NF-kB, AP-1, and STAT1/STAT3 are important regulators of Nox5 in SMCs by either direct or indirect mechanisms. Overexpressed Nox5 may generate free radicals in excess, further contributing to SMCs dysfunction in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Manea
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 41A, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487, Iasi, Romania.
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Regulation of dendritic cell development by GM-CSF: molecular control and implications for immune homeostasis and therapy. Blood 2012; 119:3383-93. [PMID: 22323450 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-11-370130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent a small and heterogeneous fraction of the hematopoietic system, specialized in antigen capture, processing, and presentation. The different DC subsets act as sentinels throughout the body and perform a key role in the induction of immunogenic as well as tolerogenic immune responses. Because of their limited lifespan, continuous replenishment of DC is required. Whereas the importance of GM-CSF in regulating DC homeostasis has long been underestimated, this cytokine is currently considered a critical factor for DC development under both steady-state and inflammatory conditions. Regulation of cellular actions by GM-CSF depends on the activation of intracellular signaling modules, including JAK/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and canonical NF-κB. By directing the activity of transcription factors and other cellular effector proteins, these pathways influence differentiation, survival and/or proliferation of uncommitted hematopoietic progenitors, and DC subset–specific precursors, thereby contributing to specific aspects of DC subset development. The specific intracellular events resulting from GM-CSF–induced signaling provide a molecular explanation for GM-CSF–dependent subset distribution as well as clues to the specific characteristics and functions of GM-CSF–differentiated DCs compared with DCs generated by fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand. This knowledge can be used to identify therapeutic targets to improve GM-CSF–dependent DC-based strategies to regulate immunity.
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Runx1 deletion or dominant inhibition reduces Cebpa transcription via conserved promoter and distal enhancer sites to favor monopoiesis over granulopoiesis. Blood 2012; 119:4408-18. [PMID: 22451420 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-12-397091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletion of Runx1 in adult mice produces a myeloproliferative phenotype. We now find that Runx1 gene deletion increases marrow monocyte while reducing granulocyte progenitors and that exogenous RUNX1 rescues granulopoiesis. Deletion of Runx1 reduces Cebpa mRNA in lineage-negative marrow cells and in granulocyte-monocyte progenitors or common myeloid progenitors. Pu.1 mRNA is also decreased, but to a lesser extent. We also transduced marrow with dominant-inhibitory RUNX1a. As with Runx1 gene deletion, RUNX1a expands lineage-Sca-1+c-kit+ and myeloid cells, increased monocyte CFUs relative to granulocyte CFUs, and reduced Cebpa mRNA. Runx1 binds a conserved site in the Cebpa promoter and binds 4 sites in a conserved 450-bp region located at +37 kb; mutation of the enhancer sites reduces activity 6-fold in 32Dcl3 myeloid cells. Endogenous Runx1 binds the promoter and putative +37 kb enhancer as assessed by ChIP, and RUNX1-ER rapidly induces Cebpa mRNA in these cells, even in cycloheximide, consistent with direct gene regulation. The +37 kb region contains strong H3K4me1 histone modification and p300-binding, as often seen with enhancers. Finally, exogenous C/EBPα increases granulocyte relative to monocyte progenitors in Runx1-deleted marrow cells. Diminished CEBPA transcription and consequent impairment of myeloid differentiation may contribute to leukemic transformation in acute myeloid leukemia cases associated with decreased RUNX1 activity.
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Cyclooxygenase inhibitors protect D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide induced acute hepatic injury in experimental mice model. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 50:861-6. [PMID: 22107987 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Revised: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the protective effects of two non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, indomethacin (COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors) and nimesulide (specific COX-2 inhibitor) on the hepatic injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in d-galactosamine sensitized (Gal/LPS) mice. ICR male mice were injected with a single dose of Gal/LPS with or without pre-treatment of 3mg/kg indomethacin or 30 mg/kg nimesulide (single i.p. injection). Sixteen hours later, blood and liver tissues of mice were collected for histological, molecular, and biochemical analyses. Our results showed marked reduction of hepatic necrosis, serum ALT, and tissue TBARS levels in both indomethacin- and nimesulide-pre-treated mice when compared with Gal/LPS-treated mice. Western blot and RT-PCR analysis showed decreased levels of iNOS mRNA, iNOS protein, and nitrotyrosine formation in both COX inhibitor pre-treated groups when compared with Gal/LPS-treated group. There was an inverse relationship between COX-1 and COX-2 expressions, as well as between COX-2 and C/EBP-α expressions in COX inhibitors groups, Gal/LPS and control groups. COX inhibitors reduced the expression of TNF-α mRNA and the activity of NF-κB which were elevated by Gal/LPS treatment. We conclude that COX inhibitors protected the liver from Gal/LPS-induced hepatotoxicity. COX inhibitors could be considered as potential agents in the prevention of acute liver failure and sepsis.
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Park K, Elias PM, Oda Y, Mackenzie D, Mauro T, Holleran WM, Uchida Y. Regulation of cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide expression by an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling, vitamin D receptor-independent pathway. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:34121-30. [PMID: 21832078 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.250431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR)-dependent mechanisms regulate human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP)/LL-37 in various cell types, but CAMP expression also increases after external perturbations (such as infection, injuries, UV irradiation, and permeability barrier disruption) in parallel with induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We demonstrate that CAMP mRNA and protein expression increase in epithelial cells (human primary keratinocytes, HaCaT keratinocytes, and HeLa cells), but not in myeloid (U937 and HL-60) cells, following ER stress generated by two mechanistically different, pharmacological stressors, thapsigargin or tunicamycin. The mechanism for increased CAMP following exposure to ER stress involves NF-κB activation leading to CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα) activation via MAP kinase-mediated phosphorylation. Furthermore, both increased CAMP secretion and its proteolytic processing to LL-37 are required for antimicrobial activities occur following ER stress. In addition, topical thapsigargin also increases production of the murine homologue of CAMP in mouse epidermis. Finally and paradoxically, ER stress instead suppresses the 1,25(OH)(2) vitamin D(3)-induced activation of VDR, but blockade of VDR activity does not alter ER stress-induced CAMP up-regulation. Hence, ER stress increases CAMP expression via NF-κB-C/EBPα activation, independent of VDR, illuminating a novel VDR-independent role for ER stress in stimulating innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Park
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA
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Dooher JE, Paz-Priel I, Houng S, Baldwin AS, Friedman AD. C/EBPα, C/EBPα oncoproteins, or C/EBPβ preferentially bind NF-κB p50 compared with p65, focusing therapeutic targeting on the C/EBP:p50 interaction. Mol Cancer Res 2011; 9:1395-405. [PMID: 21813505 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-11-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Canonical nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) activation signals stimulate nuclear translocation of p50:p65, replacing inhibitory p50:p50 with activating complexes on chromatin. C/EBP interaction with p50 homodimers provides an alternative pathway for NF-κB target gene activation, and interaction with p50:p65 may enhance gene activation. We previously found that C/EBPα cooperates with p50, but not p65, to induce Bcl-2 transcription and that C/EBPα induces Nfkb1/p50, but not RelA/p65, transcription. Using p50 and p65 variants containing the FLAG epitope at their N- or C-termini, we now show that C/EBPα, C/EBPα myeloid oncoproteins, or the LAP1, LAP2, or LIP isoforms of C/EBPβ have markedly higher affinity for p50 than for p65. Deletion of the p65 transactivation domain did not increase p65 affinity for C/EBPs, suggesting that unique residues in p50 account for specificity, and clustered mutation of HSDL in the "p50 insert" lacking in p65 weakens interaction. Also, in contrast to Nfkb1 gene deletion, absence of the RelA gene does not reduce Bcl-2 or Cebpa RNA in unstimulated cells or prevent interaction of C/EBPα with the Bcl-2 promoter. Saturating mutagenesis of the C/EBPα basic region identifies R300 and nearby residues, identical in C/EBPβ, as critical for interaction with p50. These findings support the conclusion that C/EBPs activate NF-κB target genes via contact with p50 even in the absence of canonical NF-κB activation and indicate that targeting C/EBP:p50 rather than C/EBP:p65 interaction in the nucleus will prove effective for inflammatory or malignant conditions, alone or synergistically with agents acting in the cytoplasm to reduce canonical NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia E Dooher
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase stimulates CEBPA gene expression to mediate cytokine-dependent granulopoiesis. Blood 2011; 118:2266-74. [PMID: 21725048 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2011-01-331157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
G-CSF signals contribute to granulocyte lineage specification. We previously found that G-CSF induces SHP2 tyrosine phosphorylation and that chemical inhibition of SHP1/SHP2 reduces CFU-G and prevents G-CSF but not M-CSF activation of ERK. We now find that SHP2 shRNA knockdown in the 32Dcl3 granulocytic line reduces ERK activation, diminishes CEBPA protein and RNA expression and promoter histone acetylation, and inhibits granulopoiesis. Exogenous, shRNA-resistant SHP2 rescues these effects of SHP2 knockdown, exogenous C/EBPα rescues granulocytic markers, and exogenous RUNX1 rescues C/EBPα. 32Dcl3 lines with knockdown of ERK1 and ERK2 retain normal levels of C/EBPα and differentiate normally in G-CSF despite also having reduced proliferation. SHP2 knockdown reduces CEBPA levels in lineage-negative murine marrow cells cultured in TPO, Flt3 ligand, and SCF, without affecting the rate of cell expansion. On transfer to IL-3, IL-6, and SCF to induce myelopoiesis, levels of granulocytic RNAs are reduced and monocyte-specific RNAs are increased by SHP2 knockdown, and there is a reduction in the percentage of CFU-G that form in methylcellulose and of granulocytes that develop in liquid culture. In summary, SHP2 is required for induction of C/EBPα expression and granulopoiesis in response to G-CSF or other cytokines independent of SHP2-mediated ERK activation.
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