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Shaw DK, Saraswathy VM, McAdow AR, Zhou L, Park D, Mote R, Johnson AN, Mokalled MH. Elevated phagocytic capacity directs innate spinal cord repair. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.11.598515. [PMID: 38915507 PMCID: PMC11195157 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.11.598515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Immune cells elicit a continuum of transcriptional and functional states after spinal cord injury (SCI). In mammals, inefficient debris clearance and chronic inflammation impede recovery and overshadow pro-regenerative immune functions. We found that, unlike mammals, zebrafish SCI elicits transient immune activation and efficient debris clearance, without causing chronic inflammation. Single-cell transcriptomics and inducible genetic ablation showed zebrafish macrophages are highly phagocytic and required for regeneration. Cross-species comparisons between zebrafish and mammalian macrophages identified transcription and immune response regulator ( tcim ) as a macrophage-enriched zebrafish gene. Genetic deletion of zebrafish tcim impairs phagocytosis and regeneration, causes aberrant and chronic immune activation, and can be rescued by transplanting wild-type immune precursors into tcim mutants. Conversely, genetic expression of human TCIM accelerates debris clearance and regeneration by reprogramming myeloid precursors into activated phagocytes. This study establishes a central requirement for elevated phagocytic capacity to achieve innate spinal cord repair.
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Visker JR, Brintz BJ, Kyriakopoulos CP, Hillas Y, Taleb I, Badolia R, Shankar TS, Amrute JM, Ling J, Hamouche R, Tseliou E, Navankasattusas S, Wever-Pinzon O, Ducker GS, Holland WL, Summers SA, Koenig SC, Hanff TC, Lavine KJ, Murali S, Bailey S, Alharethi R, Selzman CH, Shah P, Slaughter MS, Kanwar MK, Drakos SG. Integrating molecular and clinical variables to predict myocardial recovery. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589326. [PMID: 38659908 PMCID: PMC11042352 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical unloading and circulatory support with left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) mediate significant myocardial improvement in a subset of advanced heart failure (HF) patients. The clinical and biological phenomena associated with cardiac recovery are under intensive investigation. Left ventricular (LV) apical tissue, alongside clinical data, were collected from HF patients at the time of LVAD implantation (n=208). RNA was isolated and mRNA transcripts were identified through RNA sequencing and confirmed with RT-qPCR. To our knowledge this is the first study to combine transcriptomic and clinical data to derive predictors of myocardial recovery. We used a bioinformatic approach to integrate 59 clinical variables and 22,373 mRNA transcripts at the time of LVAD implantation for the prediction of post-LVAD myocardial recovery defined as LV ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥40% and LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) ≤5.9cm, as well as functional and structural LV improvement independently by using LVEF and LVEDD as continuous variables, respectively. To substantiate the predicted variables, we used a multi-model approach with logistic and linear regressions. Combining RNA and clinical data resulted in a gradient boosted model with 80 features achieving an AUC of 0.731±0.15 for predicting myocardial recovery. Variables associated with myocardial recovery from a clinical standpoint included HF duration, pre-LVAD LVEF, LVEDD, and HF pharmacologic therapy, and LRRN4CL (ligand binding and programmed cell death) from a biological standpoint. Our findings could have diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications for advanced HF patients, and inform the care of the broader HF population.
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Intranasal delivery of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is sufficient to cause olfactory damage, inflammation and olfactory dysfunction in zebrafish. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 102:341-359. [PMID: 35307504 PMCID: PMC8929544 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anosmia, loss of smell, is a prevalent symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Anosmia may be explained by several mechanisms driven by infection of non-neuronal cells and damage in the nasal epithelium rather than direct infection of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Previously, we showed that viral proteins are sufficient to cause neuroimmune responses in the teleost olfactory organ (OO). We hypothesize that SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein is sufficient to cause olfactory damage and olfactory dysfunction. Using an adult zebrafish model, we report that intranasally delivered SARS-CoV-2 S RBD mostly binds to the non-sensory epithelium of the olfactory organ and causes severe olfactory histopathology characterized by loss of cilia, hemorrhages and edema. Electrophysiological recordings reveal impaired olfactory function to both food and bile odorants in animals treated intranasally with SARS-CoV-2 S RBD. However, no loss of behavioral preference for food was detected in SARS-CoV-2 S RBD treated fish. Single cell RNA-Seq of the adult zebrafish olfactory organ indicated widespread loss of olfactory receptor expression and inflammatory responses in sustentacular, endothelial, and myeloid cell clusters along with reduced numbers of Tregs. Combined, our results demonstrate that intranasal SARS-CoV-2 S RBD is sufficient to cause structural and functional damage to the zebrafish olfactory system. These findings may have implications for intranasally delivered vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
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Smith T, Rohaim MA, Munir M. Mapping molecular gene signatures mediated by SARS-COV-2 and large-scale and genome-wide transcriptomics comparative analysis among respiratory viruses of medical importance. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 64:101820. [PMID: 35504488 PMCID: PMC9054707 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging RNA virus causing COVID-19 disease, across the globe. SARS-CoV-2 infected patients may exhibit acute respiratory distress syndrome which can be compounded by endemic respiratory viruses and thus highlighting the need to understand the genetic bases of clinical outcome under multiple respiratory infections. In this study, 42 individual datasets and a multi-parametric based selected list of over 12,000 genes against five medically important respiratory viruses (SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, influenza A, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus were collected and analysed in an attempt to understand differentially regulated gene patterns and to cast genetic markers of individual and multiple co-infections. While a certain cohort of virus-specific genes were regulated (negatively and positively), notably results revealed a greatest correlation among genes regulation by SARS-CoV-2 and RSV. Furthermore, out of analysed genes, the MAP2K5 and NFKBIL1 were specifically and highly upregulated in SARS-CoV-2 infection both in vivo or in vitro. The most conserved genetic signature was JAK2 gene as well as the constitutively downregulated ZNF219 gene. In contrast, several genes including GPBAR1 and SC5DL were specifically downregulated in SARS-CoV-2 datasets. Finally, we catalogued a set of genes that were conserved or differentially regulated across studied respiratory viruses. These finding provide foundational and genome-wide data to gauge the markers of respiratory viral infections individually and under co-infection. This work compares the virogenomic signatures among human respiratory viruses and provides valid targets for potential antiviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Smith
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YG, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed A Rohaim
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YG, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Munir
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, Lancashire, LA1 4YG, United Kingdom.
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Herold R, Scholtysik R, Moroniak S, Weiss C, Ishikawa H, Schroten H, Schwerk C. Capsule-dependent impact of MAPK signalling on host cell invasion and immune response during infection of the choroid plexus epithelium by Neisseria meningitidis. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021; 18:53. [PMID: 34863201 PMCID: PMC8643193 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00288-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) can cause meningitis in humans, but the host signalling pathways manipulated by Nm during central nervous system (CNS) entry are not completely understood. Methods We investigate the role of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) Erk1/2 and p38 in an in vitro model of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) based on human epithelial choroid plexus (CP) papilloma (HIBCPP) cells during infection with Nm serogroup B (NmB) and serogroup C (NmC) strains. A transcriptome analysis of HIBCPP cells following infection with Nm by massive analysis of cDNA ends (MACE) was done to further characterize the cellular response to infection of the barrier. Results Interestingly, whereas NmB and NmC wild type strains required active Erk1/2 and p38 pathways for infection, invasion by capsule-deficient mutants was independent of Erk1/2 and, in case of the NmB strain, of p38 activity. The transcriptome analysis of HIBCPP cells following infection with Nm demonstrated specific regulation of genes involved in the immune response dependent on Erk1/2 signalling. Gene ontology (GO) analysis confirmed loss of MAPK signalling after Erk1/2 inhibition and revealed an additional reduction of cellular responses including NFκB and JAK-STAT signalling. Interestingly, GO terms related to TNF signalling and production of IL6 were lost specifically following Erk1/2 inhibition during infection with wild type Nm, which correlated with the reduced infection rates by the wild type in absence of Erk1/2 signalling. Conclusion Our data point towards a role of MAPK signalling during infection of the CP epithelium by Nm, which is strongly influenced by capsule expression, and affects infection rates as well as the host cell response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-021-00288-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna Herold
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - René Scholtysik
- Genomics & Transcriptomics Facility, Institute of Cell Biology, University Hospital Essen, Virchowstraße 173, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Selina Moroniak
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christel Weiss
- Department of Medical Statistics and Biomathematics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Horst Schroten
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Schwerk
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany.
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Chen T, Zhang X, Zhu G, Liu H, Chen J, Wang Y, He X. Quercetin inhibits TNF-α induced HUVECs apoptosis and inflammation via downregulating NF-kB and AP-1 signaling pathway in vitro. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e22241. [PMID: 32957369 PMCID: PMC7505396 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000022241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quercetin, a major flavonol, wildly exists in plantage, which has been reported to have an anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation effects on vascular endothelial cells, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of how quercetin inhibits tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) apoptosis and inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS HUVECs were preconditioned with quercetin for 18 hours, and subsequently treated with TNF-α for 6 hours to induce apoptosis. The expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), E-selectin, β-actin mRNA was then detected by RT-PCR. Flow cytometry was used to estimate the apoptosis rates, and the expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was measured by Western blot. TNF-α induced elevated apoptosis rates and upregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin were meaningfully reduced in HUVECs by pretreatment with quercetin. In addition, quercetin also inhibited the activation of AP-1and NF-κB. CONCLUSION Results indicate that quercetin could suppress TNF-α induced apoptosis and inflammation by blocking NF-κB and AP-1 signaling pathway in HUVECs, which might be one of the underlying mechanisms in treatment of coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Dingqiao's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guangli Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongfei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinru Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolong He
- Department of Cardiology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Nunnari G, Sanfilippo C, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Li Volti G, Barbagallo I, Musumeci G, Di Rosa M. Network perturbation analysis in human bronchial epithelial cells following SARS-CoV2 infection. Exp Cell Res 2020; 395:112204. [PMID: 32735892 PMCID: PMC7386311 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background SARS-CoV2, the agent responsible for the current pandemic, is also causing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), hyperinflammation and high mortality. It is critical to dissect the pathogenetic mechanisms in order to reach a targeted therapeutic approach. Methods In the present investigation, we evaluated the effects of SARS-CoV2 on human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC). We used RNA-seq datasets available online for identifying SARS-CoV2 potential genes target on human bronchial epithelial cells. RNA expression levels and potential cellular gene pathways have been analyzed. In order to identify possible common strategies among the main pandemic viruses, such as SARS-CoV2, SARS-CoV1, MERS-CoV, and H1N1, we carried out a hypergeometric test of the main genes transcribed in the cells of the respiratory tract exposed to these viruses. Results The analysis showed that two mechanisms are highly regulated in HBEC: the innate immunity recruitment and the disassembly of cilia and cytoskeletal structure. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF3) and dynein heavy chain 7, axonemal (DNAH7) represented respectively the most upregulated and downregulated genes belonging to the two mechanisms highlighted above. Furthermore, the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 7 (CEACAM7) that codifies for a surface protein is highly specific of SARS-CoV2 and not for SARS-CoV1, MERS-CoV, and H1N1, suggesting a potential role in viral entry. In order to identify potential new drugs, using a machine learning approach, we highlighted Flunisolide, Thalidomide, Lenalidomide, Desoximetasone, xylazine, and salmeterol as potential drugs against SARS-CoV2 infection. Conclusions Overall, lung involvement and RDS could be generated by the activation and down regulation of diverse gene pathway involving respiratory cilia and muscle contraction, apoptotic phenomena, matrix destructuration, collagen deposition, neutrophil and macrophages recruitment. SARS-CoV2 causing respiratory distress syndrome, hyperinflammation and high mortality. In NHBEC, SARS-CoV2 highly regulated the innate immunity recruitment and the disassembly of cilia and cytoskeletal structure. The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (CSF3) is the most upregulated gene by SARS-CoV2. The dynein heavy chain 7, axonemal (DNAH7) represented the most downregulated genes by SARS-CoV2. Flunisolide, Thalidomide, Lenalidomide, Desoximetasone, xylazine, and salmeterol as potential drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Cristina Sanfilippo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy.
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 97, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, Viale Andrea Doria, 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Human Anatomy and Histology Section, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
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Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe autoimmune disease that is characterized by vascular abnormalities, immunological alterations and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. The results of genetic studies in patients with SSc have revealed statistically significant genetic associations with disease manifestations and progression. Nevertheless, genetic susceptibility to SSc is moderate, and the functional consequences of genetic associations remain only partially characterized. A current hypothesis is that, in genetically susceptible individuals, epigenetic modifications constitute the driving force for disease initiation. As epigenetic alterations can occur years before fibrosis appears, these changes could represent a potential link between inflammation and tissue fibrosis. Epigenetics is a fast-growing discipline, and a considerable number of important epigenetic studies in SSc have been published in the past few years that span histone post-translational modifications, DNA methylation, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs. This Review describes the latest insights into genetic and epigenetic contributions to the pathogenesis of SSc and aims to provide an improved understanding of the molecular pathways that link inflammation and fibrosis. This knowledge will be of paramount importance for the development of medicines that are effective in treating or even reversing tissue fibrosis.
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Lan C, Huan DW, Nie XC, Niu JM, Sun JH, Huang WJ, Li ZH, Xu HT. Association of C8orf4 expression with its methylation status, aberrant β-catenin expression, and the development of cervical squamous cell carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16715. [PMID: 31374065 PMCID: PMC6708959 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (C8orf4) is an activator of Wnt signaling pathway, and participates in the tumorigenesis and progression of many tumors. The expression levels of C8orf4 and β-catenin were assessed via immunohistochemical staining in 100 cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) tissues, 50 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs), 50 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), and 50 normal cervical tissues. Bisulfite sequencing polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to examine the methylation status of the C8orf4 locus in CSCC and normal cervical tissues. The expression rates of C8orf4 and β-catenin were significantly higher in CSCCs or HSILs than in LSILs or normal cervical tissues (P < .05). C8orf4 expression was positively correlated with the poor differentiation of CSCCs (P = .009), and with aberrant expression of β-catenin in CSCCs (P = .002) and squamous intraepithelial lesions (P < .001). The methylation rate of C8orf4 in CSCCs was significantly lower than that in normal cervical tissues (P = .001). The Cancer Genome Atlas genomics data also confirmed that the mRNA expression of C8orf4 was positively associated with the copy number alteration of C8orf4 (correlation coefficient = 0.213, P < .001), and negatively correlated with the methylation level of C8orf4 (correlation coefficient = -0.408, P < .001). In conclusion, the expressions of C8orf4 and β-catenin were synergistically increased in CSCCs and HSILs and higher than those in LSILs and normal cervical tissues. The methylation level of C8orf4 is decreased in CSCCs and is responsible for the increased expression of C8orf4.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Da-Wei Huan
- Department of Pathology, Shenyang Women and Children's Hospital
| | | | | | | | - Wen-Jing Huang
- Department of Pathology, the First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhi-Han Li
- Department of Pathology, the First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, the First Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zheng YW, Zhang L, Wang Y, Chen SY, Lei L, Tang N, Yang DL, Bai LL, Zhang XP, Jiang GY, Yang LH, Xu HT, Li QC, Qiu XS, Wang EH. Thyroid cancer 1 (C8orf4) shows high expression, no mutation and reduced methylation level in lung cancers, and its expression correlates with β-catenin and DNMT1 expression and poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:62880-62890. [PMID: 28968956 PMCID: PMC5609888 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer 1 (TC1, C8orf4) plays important roles in tumors. The aim of this study was to examine the protein expression levels, methylation status, and mutational status of TC1 (C8orf4) in lung cancers, and investigate the correlation between TC1, other members of the Wnt signaling pathway, and lung cancer. TC1 expression levels were assessed via immunohistochemical staining in 179 cases of lung cancer. β-catenin, TCF4, Axin, Disabled-2, Chibby, and DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) expressions were also examined. Bisulfite sequencing PCR analysis was used to examine the methylation status of the C8orf4 locus, while PCR analysis and direct sequencing were used to determine its mutational status. We found high TC1 expression correlated with poor differentiation, advanced TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, and poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. TC1 expression also correlated with β-catenin and DNMT1 expressions. No mutations in C8orf4 were detected. However, methylation levels of C8orf4 in lung cancers were lower than in corresponding normal lung tissues. In conclusion, high TC1 expression is implicated in lung cancer progression and correlates with poor prognosis in lung cancer. Reduced methylation levels might be responsible for the elevated TC1 expression levels. TC1, β-catenin, and DNMT1 can synergistically activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Zheng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Song-Yan Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lei Lei
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Na Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Da-Lei Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lin-Lin Bai
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xiu-Peng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Gui-Yang Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Lian-He Yang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Qing-Chang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Xue-Shan Qiu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Dai K, Huang L, Huang YB, Chen ZB, Yang LH, Jiang YA. 1810011o10 Rik Inhibits the Antitumor Effect of Intratumoral CD8 + T Cells through Suppression of Notch2 Pathway in a Murine Hepatocellular Carcinoma Model. Front Immunol 2017; 8:320. [PMID: 28382040 PMCID: PMC5360711 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which tumor-responsive CD8+ T cells are regulated are important for understanding the tumor immunity and for developing new therapeutic strategies. In current study, we identified the expression of 1810011o10 Rik, which is the homolog of human thyroid cancer 1, in intratumoral activated CD8+ T cells in a murine hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) implantation model. To investigate the role of 1810011o10 Rik in the regulation of antitumor activity of CD8+ T cells, normal CD8+ T cells were transduced with 1810011o10 Rik-expressing lentiviruses. Although 1810011o10 Rik overexpression did not influence agonistic antibody-induced CD8+ T cell activation in vitro, it inhibited the cytotoxic efficacy of CD8+ T cells on HCC cells in vivo. 1810011o10 Rik overexpression impeded CD8+ T cell-mediated HCC cell apoptosis and favored tumor cell growth in vivo. Further investigation revealed that 1810011o10 Rik blocked the nuclear translocation of Notch2 intracellular domain, which is crucial for CD8+ T cell activity. Furthermore, a brief in vitro experiment suggested that both antigen-presenting cells and TGF-β might be necessary for the upregulation of Rik expression in activated CD8+ T cells. In general, our study disclosed a novel mechanism underlying the negative regulation of antitumor CD8+ T cells during HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Dai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan , Wuhan , China
| | - Ya-Bing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Zu-Bing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
| | - Ying-An Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University , Wuhan , China
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Jang H, Kim M, Lee S, Kim J, Woo DC, Kim KW, Song K, Lee I. Adipose tissue hyperplasia with enhanced adipocyte-derived stem cell activity in Tc1(C8orf4)-deleted mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35884. [PMID: 27775060 PMCID: PMC5075883 DOI: 10.1038/srep35884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue hyperplasia with increased number of adipocytes is implicated in a protective rather than deleterious effect on obesity-associated metabolic disorder. It is poorly understood how the adipose tissue cellularity is regulated. Tc1 is a gene of vertebrates that regulates diverse downstream genes. Young Tc1-deleted mice fed on standard chow diet show expanded adipose tissue with smaller adipocytes in size compared to wild type controls, representing adipose tissue hyperplasia. Tc1-/- mice show enhanced glucose tolerance and reduced serum lipids. Adipocyte-derived stem cells (ADSCs) from Tc1-/- mice show enhanced proliferative and adipogenic capacity compared to wild type controls, suggesting that the adipose hyperplasia is regulated at the stem cell level. PPARγ and CEBPα are up-regulated robustly in Tc1-/- ADSCs upon induction for adipogenesis. Wisp2 and Dlk1, inhibitors of adipogenesis, are down-regulated in Tc1-/- ADSCs compared to controls. Tc1-transfected NIH3T3 cells show higher β-catenin reporter signals than vector transfected controls, suggesting a role of canonical Wnt signaling in the Tc1-dependent adipose regulation. Our data support that Tc1 is a novel regulator for adipose stem cells. Adipose tissue hyperplasia may be implicated in the metabolic regulation of Tc1-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayoung Jang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungtae Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inchul Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wu D, Li L, Yan W. Knockdown of TC-1 enhances radiosensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biol Open 2016; 5:492-8. [PMID: 27029901 PMCID: PMC4890676 DOI: 10.1242/bio.017608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer 1 (TC-1, C8ofr4) is widely expressed in vertebrates and associated with many kinds of tumors. Previous studies indicated that TC-1 functions as a positive regulator in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its exact role and regulation mechanism in radiosensitivity of NSCLC are still unclear. The expression level of TC-1 was measured by qRT-PCR and western blot in NSCLC cell lines. Proliferation and apoptosis of NSCLC cells in response to TC-1 knockdown or/and radiation were determined by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was further examined by western blot in vitro and in vivo. Compared to TC-1 siRNA or radiotherapy alone, TC-1 silencing combined with radiation inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cell lines by inactivating of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Furthermore, inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by XAV939, a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, contributed to proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in NSCLC A549 cells. Combinative treatment of A549 xenografts with TC-1 siRNA and radiation caused significant tumor regression and inactivation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway relative to TC-1 siRNA or radiotherapy alone. The results from in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that TC-1 silencing sensitized NSCLC cell lines to radiotherapy through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Summary: TC-1 silencing inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) both in vitro and in vivo through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thereby increasing the susceptibility of NSCLC to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Respiratory, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
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Epigenetic regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 by methylation of c8orf4 in pulmonary fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2016; 130:575-86. [PMID: 26744410 PMCID: PMC4782165 DOI: 10.1042/cs20150697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrates that hypermethylation and silencing of chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (thyroid cancer protein 1, TC-1) (c8orf4), a transcriptional regulator of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), is a major contributor to failure of fibroblasts to up-regulate COX-2 in pulmonary fibrosis. DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibition reduces c8orf4 methylation, restores COX-2 expression and normalizes fibroblast function. Fibroblasts derived from the lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) produce low levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2, due to a limited capacity to up-regulate cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). This deficiency contributes functionally to the fibroproliferative state, however the mechanisms responsible are incompletely understood. In the present study, we examined whether the reduced level of COX-2 mRNA expression observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts is regulated epigenetically. The DNA methylation inhibitor, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (5AZA) restored COX-2 mRNA expression by fibrotic lung fibroblasts dose dependently. Functionally, this resulted in normalization of fibroblast phenotype in terms of PGE2 production, collagen mRNA expression and sensitivity to apoptosis. COX-2 methylation assessed by bisulfite sequencing and methylation microarrays was not different in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. However, further analysis of the methylation array data identified a transcriptional regulator, chromosome 8 open reading frame 4 (thyroid cancer protein 1, TC-1) (c8orf4), which is hypermethylated and down-regulated in fibrotic fibroblasts compared with controls. siRNA knockdown of c8orf4 in control fibroblasts down-regulated COX-2 and PGE2 production generating a phenotype similar to that observed in fibrotic lung fibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated that c8orf4 regulates COX-2 expression in lung fibroblasts through binding of the proximal promoter. We conclude that the decreased capacity of fibrotic lung fibroblasts to up-regulate COX-2 expression and COX-2-derived PGE2 synthesis is due to an indirect epigenetic mechanism involving hypermethylation of the transcriptional regulator, c8orf4.
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Raof NA, Rajamani D, Chu HC, Gurav A, Johnson JM, LoGerfo FW, Pradhan-Nabzdyk L, Bhasin M. The effects of transfection reagent polyethyleneimine (PEI) and non-targeting control siRNAs on global gene expression in human aortic smooth muscle cells. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:20. [PMID: 26728506 PMCID: PMC4700750 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2267-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is a powerful platform utilized to target transcription of specific genes and downregulate the protein product. To achieve effective silencing, RNAi is usually applied to cells or tissue with a transfection reagent to enhance entry into cells. A commonly used control is the same transfection reagent plus a "noncoding RNAi". However, this does not control for the genomic response to the transfection reagent alone or in combination with the noncoding RNAi. These control effects while not directly targeting the gene in question may influence expression of other genes that in turn alter expression of the target. The current study was prompted by our work focused on prevention of vascular bypass graft failure and our experience with gene silencing in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMCs) where we suspected that off target effects through this mechanism might be substantial. We have used Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology and bioinformatics analysis to examine the genomic response of HAoSMCs to the transfection reagent alone (polyethyleneimine (PEI)) or in combination with commercially obtained control small interfering RNA (siRNAs) (Dharmacon and Invitrogen). RESULTS Compared to untreated cells, global gene expression of HAoSMcs after transfection either with PEI or in combination with control siRNAs displayed significant alterations in gene transcriptome after 24 h. HAoSMCs transfected by PEI alone revealed alterations of 213 genes mainly involved in inflammatory and immune responses. HAoSMCs transfected by PEI complexed with siRNA from either Dharmacon or Invitrogen showed substantial gene variation of 113 and 85 genes respectively. Transfection of cells with only PEI or with PEI and control siRNAs resulted in identification of 20 set of overlapping altered genes. Further, systems biology analysis revealed key master regulators in cells transfected with control siRNAs including the cytokine, Interleukin (IL)-1, transcription factor GATA Binding Protein (GATA)-4 and the methylation enzyme, Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH-2) a cytokine with an apical role in initiating the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS Significant off-target effects in HAoSMCs transfected with PEI alone or in combination with control siRNAs may lead to misleading conclusions concerning the effectiveness of a targeted siRNA strategy. The lack of structural information about transfection reagents and "non coding" siRNA is a hindrance in the development of siRNA based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurazhani A Raof
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| | - Deepa Rajamani
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Genomics and Proteomics Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
| | - Hsun-Chieh Chu
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Aniket Gurav
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| | - Joel M Johnson
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| | - Frank W LoGerfo
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| | - Leena Pradhan-Nabzdyk
- The Frank W. LoGerfo Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Stoneman 8 M-10E, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| | - Manoj Bhasin
- Division of Interdisciplinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Genomics and Proteomics Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 99 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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The high expression of TC1 (C8orf4) was correlated with the expression of β-catenin and cyclin D1 and the progression of squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:7061-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3423-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Jung Y, Kim M, Soh H, Lee S, Kim J, Park S, Song K, Lee I. TC1(C8orf4) regulates hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and hematopoiesis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100311. [PMID: 24937306 PMCID: PMC4061086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is a complex process requiring multiple regulators for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) and differentiation to multi-lineage blood cells. TC1(C8orf4) is implicated in cancers, hematological malignancies and inflammatory activation. Here, we report that Tc1 regulates hematopoiesis in mice. Myeloid and lymphoid cells are increased markedly in peripheral blood of Tc1–deleted mice compared to wild type controls. Red blood cells are small-sized but increased in number. The bone marrow of Tc1−/− mice is normocellular histologically. However, Lin−Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells are expanded in Tc1−/− mice compared to wild type controls. The expanded population mostly consists of CD150−CD48+ cells, suggesting the expansion of lineage-restricted hematopoietic progenitor cells. Colony forming units (CFU) are increased in Tc1−/− mice bone marrow cells compared to controls. In wild type mice bone marrow, Tc1 is expressed in a limited population of HSPC but not in differentiated cells. Major myeloid transcriptional regulators such as Pu.1 and Cebpα are not up-regulated in Tc1−/− mice bone marrow. Our findings indicate that TC1 is a novel hematopoietic regulator. The mechanisms of TC1-dependent HSPC regulation and lineage determination are unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusun Jung
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minsung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsu Soh
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jungtae Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Surim Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyuyoung Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inchul Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Zhang R, Miao Q, Wang C, Zhao R, Li W, Haile CN, Hao W, Zhang XY. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis in alcohol dependence. Addict Biol 2013; 18:392-403. [PMID: 23387924 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors influence the development of alcohol dependence (AD). Recent studies have shown that DNA methylation markers in peripheral blood may serve as risk markers for AD. Yet a genome-wide epigenomic approach investigating the role of DNA methylation in AD has yet to be performed. We conducted a population-based, case-control study of genome-wide DNA methylation to determine if alterations in gene-specific methylation were associated with AD in a Chinese population. Using the Illumina Infinium Human Methylation27 BeadChip, we assessed gene-specific methylation in over 27 000 CpG sites from DNA isolated from lymphocytes in 63 male AD in-patients and 65 male healthy controls. Using a multi-factorial statistical model, we observed differential methylation between cases and controls at multiple CpG sites with the majority of the methylated CpG sites being hypomethylated. Analyses with the online gene set analysis toolkit WebGestalt revealed that the genes of interest were enriched in multiple biological processes involved in AD development. Gene Ontology function annotation showed that stress, immune response and signal transduction were highly associated with AD. Further analysis by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes revealed associations with multiple pathways involved in metabolism through cytochrome P450, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and calcium signaling. Associations with canonical pathways previously shown to be involved in AD were also observed, such as dehydrogenases 1A (ADH1A), ADH7, aldehyde dehydrogenases 3B2 (ALDH3B2) and cytochrome P450 2A13. We present evidence that alterations in DNA methylation may be associated with AD, which is consistent with epigenetic theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Zhang
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
| | - Qin Miao
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
| | - Chuansheng Wang
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
| | | | - Wei Hao
- The 2nd Hospital affiliated to Xinxiang Medical University; Xinxiang City; Henan Province; China
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Xu HT, Liu Y, Liu SL, Miao Y, Li QC, Wang EH. TC-1 (C8orf4) expression is correlated with differentiation in ovarian carcinomas and might distinguish metastatic ovarian from metastatic colorectal carcinomas. Virchows Arch 2013; 462:281-7. [PMID: 23377761 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-013-1375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer 1 (TC-1, C8orf4) is involved in the development of many cancers. In this study, we investigated the correlation between the expression of TC-1 and the clinicopathological characteristics of ovarian and colorectal adenocarcinomas. We also explored the possible use of TC-1 as a marker to distinguish between metastatic tumors of the ovary and colorectum. We used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression level of TC-1 in 100 ovarian and 100 colorectal adenocarcinomas and 25 metastatic carcinomas with the ovary or colorectum as primary site. TC-1 was expressed in all ovarian carcinoma samples. The high expression rate of TC-1 was 84 % in ovarian carcinomas, which was much higher than that observed in colorectal adenocarcinomas (35 %, P < 0.001). High expression of TC-1 significantly correlated with poor differentiation of ovarian carcinomas (P = 0.013). To explore the value of TC-1 in distinguishing metastatic ovarian cancers from colorectal cancers, we found the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of TC-1 to be 0.819 (95 % confidence interval, 0.760-0.878; P < 0.001). Furthermore, TC-1 was highly expressed in 100 % of nine metastatic ovarian cancers, but only in 31 % of 16 metastatic colorectal cancers. The higher expression of TC-1 in ovarian compared to colorectal adenocarcinomas suggests its potential use as a marker, to distinguish between metastatic ovarian and colorectal adenocarcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
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Gautier V, Mouton-Barbosa E, Bouyssié D, Delcourt N, Beau M, Girard JP, Cayrol C, Burlet-Schiltz O, Monsarrat B, Gonzalez de Peredo A. Label-free quantification and shotgun analysis of complex proteomes by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE/NanoLC-MS: evaluation for the large scale analysis of inflammatory human endothelial cells. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:527-39. [PMID: 22518033 PMCID: PMC3412980 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.015230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To perform differential studies of complex protein mixtures, strategies for reproducible and accurate quantification are needed. Here, we evaluated a quantitative proteomic workflow based on nanoLC-MS/MS analysis on an LTQ-Orbitrap-VELOS mass spectrometer and label-free quantification using the MFPaQ software. In such label-free quantitative studies, a compromise has to be found between two requirements: repeatability of sample processing and MS measurements, allowing an accurate quantification, and high proteomic coverage of the sample, allowing quantification of minor species. The latter is generally achieved through sample fractionation, which may induce experimental bias during the label-free comparison of samples processed, and analyzed independently. In this work, we wanted to evaluate the performances of MS intensity-based label-free quantification when a complex protein sample is fractionated by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE. We first tested the efficiency of the analysis without protein fractionation and could achieve quite good quantitative repeatability in single-run analysis (median coefficient of variation of 5%, 99% proteins with coefficient of variation <48%). We show that sample fractionation by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE is associated with a moderate decrease of quantitative measurement repeatability while largely improving the depth of proteomic coverage. We then applied the method for a large scale proteomic study of the human endothelial cell response to inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, interferon γ, and IL1β, which allowed us to finely decipher at the proteomic level the biological pathways involved in endothelial cell response to proinflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Violette Gautier
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuelle Mouton-Barbosa
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - David Bouyssié
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Delcourt
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Mathilde Beau
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Girard
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Cayrol
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Burlet-Schiltz
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Monsarrat
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Gonzalez de Peredo
- From ‡Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and
- §Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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Ohta N, Makihara S, Okano M, Kurakami K, Ishida A, Furukawa T, Suzuki Y, Watanabe T, Kakehata S, Aoyagi M. Roles of IL-17, Th1, and Tc1 cells in patients with IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis. Laryngoscope 2012; 122:2169-74. [PMID: 22786718 DOI: 10.1002/lary.23429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing sialadenitis is a recently recognized disease entity characterized by high serum IgG4 concentration and IgG4-producing plasma cell expansion in affected organs, which show fibrotic or sclerotic changes. However, little is known about the roles of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells or interleukin (IL)-17 in this disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and IL-17 in patients with IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective clinical study at the Yamagata University School of Medicine. METHODS The patient group consisted of six males and four females with an average age of 57.9 years (range, 38 to 73 years). Subsets of T helper (Th)1, Th2, T cytotoxic type (Tc)1, and Tc2 cells from patients with IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis were examined by using intracellular cytokine flow cytometry. Expression of IL-17 in the patients' lesions was also investigated immunohistochemically. RESULTS Six patients with IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis with high ratios of IgG4/IgG and prominent infiltration of IgG4-positive plasmacytes in the involved salivary glands had systemic complications, including pancreatitis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, and/or inflammatory pseudotumor of the lung after the initial swelling of the salivary glands. Populations of Th1 and Tc1 cells were significantly greater in IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis than in the controls (P < .05), but Th2 and Tc2 cell populations were not significantly increased. Expression of IL-17 was observed in the lesions of affected patients. CONCLUSIONS Increases in Th1 and Tc1 cell populations and IL-17 expression might be involved in the mechanism of pathogenesis of IgG4-related sclerosing sialadenitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Ohta
- Department of Otolaryngology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
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Kim J, Chang W, Jung Y, Song K, Lee I. Wnt5a activates THP-1 monocytic cells via a β-catenin-independent pathway involving JNK and NF-κB activation. Cytokine 2012; 60:242-8. [PMID: 22763043 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Wnt5a has been implicated in the activation of macrophages. However, the profile and mechanism of downstream regulation has not been characterized. In this study, we have investigated the regulation of Wnt5a-induced activation in monocytic THP-1 cells. Wnt5a activated THP-1 cells, enhancing adhesion to endothelial cells. Hypoxia induced the production of Wnt5a, suggesting a role in the hypoxia-induced activation of macrophages. Wnt5a induced the expression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators, particularly IL8 and CXCL2, suggesting a major role in the secretion of CXC chemokines by macrophages. Wnt5a induced JNK phosphorylation and NF-κB activation via β-catenin-independent signaling. Interestingly, SP600125, a specific inhibitor of JNK, inhibited Wnt5a-induced activation of NF-κB, supporting JNK-dependent NF-κB activation. Our data suggest that Wnt5a activates monocytic cells via JNK and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungtae Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Republic of Korea
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Kim J, Kim DW, Chang W, Choe J, Kim J, Park CS, Song K, Lee I. Wnt5a is secreted by follicular dendritic cells to protect germinal center B cells via Wnt/Ca2+/NFAT/NF-κB-B cell lymphoma 6 signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 188:182-9. [PMID: 22124122 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1102297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) protect germinal center (GC) B cells from rapid apoptosis to allow their survival and maturation. In this article, we show that FDCs normally produce and secrete Wnt5a to protect GC B cells. Wnt5a production is upregulated by polyI:C. Purified Wnt5a protects GC B cells from apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. GC B cells are protected by FDC coculture or conditioned medium, and the protection is inhibited significantly by anti-Wnt5a Ab, suggesting a major role of Wnt5a in the FDC-mediated GC B cell protection. A calcium chelator BAPTA-AM blocks the Wnt5a-mediated GC B cell protection, implying a role of Wnt/Ca(2+) signaling in the GC B cell survival. Wnt5a and calcium ionophore activate NFATc1, NFATc2, NF-κB, and B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL-6) promptly and upregulate CD40 expression in GC B and Ramos cells, whereas p53 and JNK are not upregulated or activated. Cyclosporine A inhibits the Wnt5a and calcium-induced activation of NF-κB and BCL-6 in Ramos cells, supporting a role of β-catenin-independent Wnt/Ca(2+)/NFAT/NF-κB-BCL-6 signaling. Our data support that Wnt5a is a novel survival factor for GC B cells and might be a potential target for the regulation of B cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungtae Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Investigation of copy-number variations of C8orf4 in hematological malignancies. Med Oncol 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S647-52. [PMID: 20878554 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-010-9698-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
C8orf4, thyroid cancer-1 (TC1), was first identified in papillary thyroid carcinoma and encodes a nucleus-localized protein. A recent array-based study implicated the presence of copy-number variations (CNVs) of C8orf4 in the genomes of acute myelogenous leukemia. However, the functional impact of such regions needs to be extensively investigated in large amount of clinical samples. The purpose of this study is to confirm the relationship between C8orf4 CNVs and hematological malignancies. In our study, we collected bone marrow samples from 515 hematological malignancies and 102 healthy controls. And the CNVs of C8orf4 were detected by real-time PCR. We found significant association between the copy-number deletions of C8orf4 and the risk of these hematological malignancies including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), multiple myeloma (MM), and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). We also found that the expression of C8orf4 mRNA was relatively lower in the samples with 1 copy of DNA than those with 2 copies of DNA. The CNVs of C8orf4 were associated with the risk of hematological malignancies.
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Kim J, Kim J, Kim DW, Ha Y, Ihm MH, Kim H, Song K, Lee I. Wnt5a Induces Endothelial Inflammation via β-Catenin–Independent Signaling. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:1274-82. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2010; 4:111-20. [DOI: 10.1097/spc.0b013e32833a1dfc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Du Q, Geller DA. Cross-Regulation Between Wnt and NF-κB Signaling Pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 1:155-181. [PMID: 21686046 DOI: 10.1615/forumimmundisther.v1.i3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cross-regulation between the Wnt and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathways has emerged as an important area for the regulation of a diverse array of genes and pathways active in chronic inflammation, immunity, development, and tumorigenesis. The ligands, kinases, transcription factors, and products of their target gene expression are involved in cross-regulation of these two signaling pathways. Both β-catenin and NF-κB activate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression; however, β-catenin also exerts an inhibitory effect on NF-κB-mediated transcriptional activation, including iNOS. The recent discovery of functional cross-regulation between these two pathways has shown complex roles for Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling in the pathogenesis of certain cancers and other diseases. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of cross-regulation between Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathways in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Du
- Department of Surgery, T.E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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