1
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Nihei Y, Haniuda K, Higashiyama M, Asami S, Iwasaki H, Fukao Y, Nakayama M, Suzuki H, Kikkawa M, Kazuno S, Miura Y, Suzuki Y, Kitamura D. Identification of IgA autoantibodies targeting mesangial cells redefines the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadd6734. [PMID: 36947618 PMCID: PMC10032602 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add6734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis, often progressing to renal failure. IgAN is triggered by IgA deposition in the glomerular mesangium by an undefined mechanism. Here, we show that grouped ddY (gddY) mice, a spontaneous IgAN model, produce serum IgA against mesangial antigens, including βII-spectrin. Most patients with IgAN also have serum anti-βII-spectrin IgA. As in patients with IgAN, IgA+ plasmablasts accumulate in the kidneys of gddY mice. IgA antibodies cloned from the plasmablasts carry substantial V-region mutations and bind to βII-spectrin and the surface of mesangial cells. These IgAs recognize transfected and endogenous βII-spectrin exposed on the surface of embryonic kidney-derived cells. Last, we demonstrate that the cloned IgA can bind selectively to glomerular mesangial regions in situ. The identification of IgA autoantibody and its antigen in IgAN provides key insights into disease onset and redefines IgAN as a tissue-specific autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihito Nihei
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
| | - Kei Haniuda
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
| | - Mizuki Higashiyama
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
| | - Shohei Asami
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwasaki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fukao
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Maiko Nakayama
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mika Kikkawa
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Saiko Kazuno
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Miura
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Biomolecular Science, Biomedical Research Core Facilities, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kitamura
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 278-0022, Japan
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2
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Schall N, Talamini L, Wilhelm M, Jouvin-Marche E, Muller S. P140 Peptide Leads to Clearance of Autoreactive Lymphocytes and Normalizes Immune Response in Lupus-Prone Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:904669. [PMID: 35720371 PMCID: PMC9199391 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.904669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In systemic lupus erythematosus, T cells display multiple abnormalities. They are abnormally activated, secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, help B cells to generate pathogenic autoantibodies, and provoke the accumulation of autoreactive memory T cells. P140, a synthetic peptide evaluated in phase-III clinical trials for lupus, binds HSPA8/HSC70 chaperone protein. In vitro and in vivo, it interferes with hyperactivated chaperone-mediated autophagy, modifying overexpression of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules and antigen presentation to autoreactive T cells. Here, we show that in P140-treated lupus mice, abnormalities affecting T and B cells are no longer detectable in secondary lymphoid tissue and peripheral blood. Data indicate that P140 acts by depleting hyper-activated autoreactive T and B cells and restores normal immune homeostasis. Our findings suggest that P140 belongs to a new family of non-immunosuppressive immunoregulators that do not correct T and B cell abnormalities but rather contribute to the clearance of deleterious T and B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Schall
- CNRS and Strasbourg University, Unit Biotechnology and Cell signaling, UMR7242/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Laura Talamini
- CNRS and Strasbourg University, Unit Biotechnology and Cell signaling, UMR7242/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Maud Wilhelm
- CNRS and Strasbourg University, Unit Biotechnology and Cell signaling, UMR7242/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Evelyne Jouvin-Marche
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Centre Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Inserm U1209-CNRS UMR 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS and Strasbourg University, Unit Biotechnology and Cell signaling, UMR7242/Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute (IMS), Strasbourg, France.,Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire (FHU) OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, Strasbourg, France
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3
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Rekvig OP. The Anti-DNA Antibodies: Their Specificities for Unique DNA Structures and Their Unresolved Clinical Impact-A System Criticism and a Hypothesis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:808008. [PMID: 35087528 PMCID: PMC8786728 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.808008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is diagnosed and classified by criteria, or by experience, intuition and traditions, and not by scientifically well-defined etiology(ies) or pathogenicity(ies). One central criterion and diagnostic factor is founded on theoretical and analytical approaches based on our imperfect definition of the term “The anti-dsDNA antibody”. “The anti-dsDNA antibody” holds an archaic position in SLE as a unique classification criterium and pathogenic factor. In a wider sense, antibodies to unique transcriptionally active or silent DNA structures and chromatin components may have individual and profound nephritogenic impact although not considered yet – not in theoretical nor in descriptive or experimental contexts. This hypothesis is contemplated here. In this analysis, our state-of-the-art conception of these antibodies is probed and found too deficient with respect to their origin, structural DNA specificities and clinical/pathogenic impact. Discoveries of DNA structures and functions started with Miescher’s Nuclein (1871), via Chargaff, Franklin, Watson and Crick, and continues today. The discoveries have left us with a DNA helix that presents distinct structures expressing unique operations of DNA. All structures are proven immunogenic! Unique autoimmune antibodies are described against e.g. ssDNA, elongated B DNA, bent B DNA, Z DNA, cruciform DNA, or individual components of chromatin. In light of the massive scientific interest in anti-DNA antibodies over decades, it is an unexpected observation that the spectrum of DNA structures has been known for decades without being implemented in clinical immunology. This leads consequently to a critical analysis of historical and contemporary evidence-based data and of ignored and one-dimensional contexts and hypotheses: i.e. “one antibody - one disease”. In this study radical viewpoints on the impact of DNA and chromatin immunity/autoimmunity are considered and discussed in context of the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Section of Autoimmunity, Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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4
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Aubergeon L, Sawaf M, Felten R, Gottenberg JE, Dumortier H, Monneaux F. High BTLA Expression Likely Contributes to Contraction of the Regulatory T Cell Subset in Lupus Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767099. [PMID: 34899718 PMCID: PMC8656397 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is a co-inhibitory receptor that is expressed by lymphoid cells and regulates the immune response. Consistent with an inhibitory role for BTLA, the disease is exacerbated in BTLA-deficient lupus mice. We recently demonstrated that the BTLA pathway is altered in CD4+ T cells from lupus patients. In the present work, we aimed at delineating the expression pattern of BTLA on CD4+ T cell subsets suspected to play a key role in lupus pathogenesis, such as circulating follicular helper T cells (cTFH) and regulatory T cells (Tregs). We did not detect significant ex vivo variations of BTLA expression on total CD4+ T cells (naive and memory), cTFH or TFH subsets between lupus patients and healthy controls. However, we interestingly observed that BTLA expression is significantly increased on activated Tregs, but not resting Tregs, from lupus patients, especially those displaying an active disease. Moreover, it correlates with the diminution of the Tregs frequency observed in these patients. We also showed that both BTLA mRNA and protein expression remain low after TCR stimulation of activated Tregs sorted from healthy donors and evidenced a similar dynamic of BTLA and HVEM expression profile by human Tregs and effector CD4+ T cells upon T cell activation than the one previously described in mice. Finally, we observed that the HVEM/BTLA ratio is significantly lower in Tregs from lupus patients compared to healthy controls, whereas ex vivo effector CD4+ T cells express higher BTLA levels. Our data suggest that an altered expression of BTLA and HVEM could be involved in an impaired regulation of autoreactive T cells in lupus. These results provide a better understanding of the BTLA involvement in lupus pathogenesis and confirm that BTLA should be considered as an interesting target for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Aubergeon
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matthieu Sawaf
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Renaud Felten
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France.,Rheumatology Department, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France.,Rheumatology Department, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Dumortier
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fanny Monneaux
- CNRS UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Strasbourg, France
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5
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Muzi L, Seifert C, Soltani R, Ménard-Moyon C, Dumortier H, Bianco A. Targeting B Lymphocytes Using Protein‐Functionalized Graphene Oxide. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muzi
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Cécile Seifert
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Rym Soltani
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Cécilia Ménard-Moyon
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Hélène Dumortier
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
| | - Alberto Bianco
- Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, UPR3572, CNRS University of Strasbourg, ISIS Strasbourg 67000 France
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6
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Scuron MD, Fay BL, Connell AJ, Oliver J, Smith PA. The PI3Kδ inhibitor parsaclisib ameliorates pathology and reduces autoantibody formation in preclinical models of systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjӧgren's syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107904. [PMID: 34214886 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ) signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Parsaclisib (INCB050465) represents a potent and selective PI3Kδ inhibitor, which is being clinically investigated for treatment of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and hematological malignancies. We characterized the potential of parsaclisib to ameliorate autoimmune mechanisms implicated in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Spontaneous mouse models of SLE and SS were utilized to elucidate the efficacy of orally administered parsaclisib on autoreactive B-cell-mediated antibody-driven disease. Parsaclisib significantly reduced disease symptoms and pathology in three distinct mouse models of SLE. Parsaclisib effectively preserved renal function as measured by glomerular filtration rate, abrogated histopathological evidence of nephritis, modulated discrete immune cell subsets, and decreased anti-dsDNA antibody level. Furthermore, parsaclisib demonstrated efficacy in two spontaneous mouse models of SS. Oral parsaclisib treatment ameliorated the severity of salivary gland inflammation and reduced circulating levels of autoantibodies. Parsaclisib mediated improvement of salivary gland inflammation coincided with reduced B-cell activating cytokine (BAFF) in saliva. Transcriptomic analysis of kidney and salivary gland tissues revealed a downregulation in inflammatory gene expression consistent with PI3Kδ pathway inhibition. Parsaclisib reduced autoreactive B-cells and autoantibody levels, and significantly improved nephritis and salivary gland inflammation. These data provide the scientific rationale for PI3Kδ inhibition as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of B-cell-mediated antibody-driven autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika D Scuron
- Incyte Research Institute, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Department, 1801 Augustine Cut Off, Wilmington, Del. 19803, USA.
| | - Brittany L Fay
- Incyte Research Institute, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Department, 1801 Augustine Cut Off, Wilmington, Del. 19803, USA
| | - Andrew J Connell
- Incyte Research Institute, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Department, 1801 Augustine Cut Off, Wilmington, Del. 19803, USA
| | - Julian Oliver
- Incyte Research Institute, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Department, 1801 Augustine Cut Off, Wilmington, Del. 19803, USA
| | - Paul A Smith
- Incyte Research Institute, Inflammation and Autoimmunity Department, 1801 Augustine Cut Off, Wilmington, Del. 19803, USA
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7
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Zidan AA, Perkins GB, Al-Hawwas M, Elhossiny A, Yang J, Bobrovskaya L, Mourad GM, Zhou XF, Hurtado PR. Urine stem cells are equipped to provide B cell survival signals. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:803-818. [PMID: 33554422 PMCID: PMC8248326 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The interplay between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and immune cells has been studied for MSCs isolated from different tissues. However, the immunomodulatory capacity of urine stem cells (USCs) has not been adequately researched. The present study reports on the effect of USCs on peripheral blood lymphocytes. USCs were isolated and characterized before coculture with resting and with anti‐CD3/CD28 bead stimulated lymphocytes. Similarly to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs), USCs inhibited the proliferation of activated T lymphocytes and induced their apoptosis. However, they also induced strong activation, proliferation, and cytokine and antibody production by B lymphocytes. Molecular phenotype and supernatant analysis revealed that USCs secrete a range of cytokines and effector molecules, known to play a central role in B cell biology. These included B cell‐activating factor (BAFF), interleukin 6 (IL‐6) and CD40L. These findings raise the possibility of an unrecognized active role for kidney stem cells in modulating local immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Zidan
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Centre of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Griffith B Perkins
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ahmed Elhossiny
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jianyu Yang
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People's Republic of China
| | - Larisa Bobrovskaya
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ghada M Mourad
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Centre of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine Applications, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Health and Biomedical Innovation, Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Plinio R Hurtado
- Department of Renal Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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8
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Bacteroides fragilis alleviates the symptoms of lupus nephritis via regulating CD1d and CD86 expressions in B cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 884:173421. [PMID: 32721450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidences indicated that the dysbiosis of microbiota was related to the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) ATCC 25285, a human commensal, was discovered to improve inflammatory diseases. However, whether B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) has the beneficial effects on the treatment of lupus nephritis has still remained elusive. In the present study, oral treatment with B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) ameliorated the activity of MRL/lpr mice, including decreased levels of autoantibodies and symptoms of lupus nephritis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that treatment with B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) could promote CD1d expression in B cells by Est-1 pathway, while inhibit CD86 expression via SHP-2 signaling pathway to repair the immune response of B cells in MRL/lpr mice. In addition, our findings revealed a possible role of treatment with B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) in relieving intestinal inflammation in MRL/lpr mice. Meanwhile, it was uncovered that B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) restored the Th17/Treg balance in MRL/lpr mice that was consistent with the role of B. fragilis in other autoimmune diseases. Overall, the current study may highlight the potential application of B. fragilis (ATCC 25285) to treat manifestations of SLE in high-risk individuals.
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9
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Sawaf M, Fauny JD, Felten R, Sagez F, Gottenberg JE, Dumortier H, Monneaux F. Defective BTLA functionality is rescued by restoring lipid metabolism in lupus CD4+ T cells. JCI Insight 2018; 3:99711. [PMID: 29997289 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.99711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coinhibitory receptors play an important role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), by limiting T cell activation. B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an inhibitory receptor, similar to cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD1), that negatively regulates the immune response. The role of BTLA in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases in humans and, more specifically, in SLE is largely unknown. We investigated BTLA expression on various T cell subsets, and we did not observe significant variations of BTLA expression between lupus patients and healthy controls. However, the enhancement of BTLA expression after activation was significantly lower in SLE patients compared with that in healthy controls. Furthermore, we found an impaired capacity of BTLA to inhibit T cell activation in SLE due to a poor BTLA recruitment to the immunological synapse following T cell stimulation. Finally, we demonstrated that defective BTLA function can be corrected by restoring intracellular trafficking and by normalizing the lipid metabolism in lupus CD4+ T cells. Collectively, our results evidence that the BTLA signaling pathway is altered in SLE T cells and highlight the potential of targeting this pathway for the development of new therapeutic strategies in lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Sawaf
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Fauny
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Renaud Felten
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France.,Rheumatology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Flora Sagez
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France.,Rheumatology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Jacques-Eric Gottenberg
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France.,Rheumatology Department, Strasbourg University Hospital, National Reference Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Dumortier
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fanny Monneaux
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunologie, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique, Strasbourg, France
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10
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Schwarting A, Relle M, Meineck M, Föhr B, Triantafyllias K, Weinmann A, Roth W, Weinmann-Menke J. Renal tubular epithelial cell-derived BAFF expression mediates kidney damage and correlates with activity of proliferative lupus nephritis in mouse and men. Lupus 2017; 27:243-256. [PMID: 28659046 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317717083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
B-cell activating factor of the tumour necrosis factor family (BAFF) is a cytokine, mainly produced by hematopoietic cells (e.g. monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells), indispensable for B-cell maturation. The BLISS studies have demonstrated that blocking BAFF by the human monoclonal antibody belimumab is a valuable therapeutic approach in patients with clinically and serologically active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the defined sources of BAFF, which contributes to SLE, are still unclear. Recent findings show that BAFF expression is not restricted to myeloid cells. Since lupus nephritis is the main cause of morbidity and mortality for SLE patients, the aim of this study was to investigate whether renal tubular epithelial cells (TEC) are an important source of BAFF and thus may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of SLE. We found BAFF expression both in cultured murine and human TEC. These results could be verified with in situ data from the kidney. Moreover, BAFF expression in the kidneys of lupus-prone MRL- Faslpr mice correlated with disease activity, and BAFF expression on TEC in biopsies of patients with diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis showed a correlation with the histopathological activity index. In vitro functional assays revealed an autocrine loop of BAFF with its binding receptors on TEC, resulting in a strong induction of colony stimulating factor-1. Finally, we identified divergent effects of BAFF on TEC depending on the surrounding milieu ('inflammatory versus non-inflammatory'). Taken together, our findings indicate that renal-derived BAFF may play an important role in the pathophysiology of the systemic autoimmune disease SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Schwarting
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,2 Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatinate, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - M Relle
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - M Meineck
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - B Föhr
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - K Triantafyllias
- 2 Acura Rheumatology Center Rhineland Palatinate, Bad Kreuznach, Germany
| | - A Weinmann
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,3 Clinical Registry Unit, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - W Roth
- 4 Tissue Bank and Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - J Weinmann-Menke
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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11
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Lee SY, Moon SJ, Kim EK, Seo HB, Yang EJ, Son HJ, Kim JK, Min JK, Park SH, Cho ML. Metformin Suppresses Systemic Autoimmunity in Roquinsan/san Mice through Inhibiting B Cell Differentiation into Plasma Cells via Regulation of AMPK/mTOR/STAT3. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:2661-2670. [PMID: 28242651 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Circulating autoantibodies and immune complex deposition are pathological hallmarks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). B cell differentiation into plasma cells (PCs) and some T cell subsets that function as B cell helpers can be therapeutic targets of SLE. Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling is implicated in the formation of B cells and germinal centers (GCs). We assessed the effect of metformin, which inhibits mTOR, on the development of autoimmunity using Roquinsan/san mice. Oral administration of metformin inhibited the formation of splenic follicles and inflammation in kidney and liver tissues. It also decreased serum levels of anti-dsDNA Abs without affecting serum glucose levels. Moreover, metformin inhibited CD21highCD23low marginal zone B cells, B220+GL7+ GC B cells, B220-CD138+ PCs, and GC formation. A significant reduction in ICOS+ follicular helper T cells was found in the spleens of the metformin-treated group compared with the vehicle-treated group. In addition, metformin inhibited Th17 cells and induced regulatory T cells. These alterations in B and T cell subsets by metformin were associated with enhanced AMPK expression and inhibition of mTOR-STAT3 signaling. Furthermore, metformin induced p53 and NF erythroid-2-related factor-2 activity in splenic CD4+ T cells. Taken together, metformin-induced alterations in AMPK-mTOR-STAT3 signaling may have therapeutic value in SLE by inhibiting B cell differentiation into PCs and GCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Yeong Lee
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.,Immune Network, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea; and
| | - Su-Jin Moon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Hyeon-Beom Seo
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Yang
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Son
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Jae-Kyung Kim
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ki Min
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea
| | - Mi-La Cho
- Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea; .,Immune Network, Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea; and
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Choi EW, Lee M, Song JW, Shin IS, Kim SJ. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation can restore lupus disease-associated miRNA expression and Th1/Th2 ratios in a murine model of SLE. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38237. [PMID: 27924862 PMCID: PMC5141468 DOI: 10.1038/srep38237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice spontaneously develop high titers of anti-dsDNA, mild glomerular nephritis, and severe lymphoproliferation symptoms. This study aimed to compare the effects of long-term serial administration of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs), and cyclophosphamide treatment in C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice using a murine SLE model. C3.MRL-Faslpr/J mice were divided into saline (C), cyclophosphamide (Y), and ASC (H) treatment groups. Background-matched control C3H mice treated with saline (N) were also compared. The Y group showed the greatest improvement in disease parameters, but with damaged trabecular integrity. ASC transplantation reduced anti-dsDNA levels, glomerular C3 deposition and CD138 proportion significantly, without trabecular damage. Furthermore, both cyclophosphamide and ASC treatment significantly decreased the ratio of Th1/Th2 compared with the saline-treatment. The expression levels of miR-31-5p, miR-96-5p, miR-182-5p, miR-183-5p, and miR-379-5p were significantly higher, while those of miR150-5p were significantly lower in the C group than in the N group. The expression levels of miR-96-5p, miR-182-5p in the Y and H groups were significantly lower than in the C group. Thus, treatment with cyclophosphamide or ASC can change miRNAs and decrease miR-96-5p and miR-182-5p expression, as well as decreasing the CD138 proportion and the Th1/Th2 ratio, which might be involved in the therapeutic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Wha Choi
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea.,School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - MinJae Lee
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woo Song
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Seob Shin
- Biostar Stem Cell Research Center, K-STEMCELL, #2-305 IT Castle, 98 GasanDigital2-ro, Geumcheon-gu, Seoul 153-768, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Joo Kim
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea.,Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 135-710, Republic of Korea
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13
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Autoantibodies against Modified Histone Peptides in SLE Patients Are Associated with Disease Activity and Lupus Nephritis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165373. [PMID: 27780265 PMCID: PMC5079581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent exposure of the immune system to death cell debris leads to autoantibodies against chromatin in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Deposition of anti-chromatin/chromatin complexes can instigate inflammation in multiple organs including the kidney. Previously we identified specific cell death-associated histone modifications as targets of autoantibodies in SLE. In this study we addressed, in a large cohort of SLE patients and controls, the question whether plasma reactivities with specific histone peptides associated with serology and clinical features. Plasma from SLE patients with and without lupus nephritis, disease controls, and healthy controls, were tested in ELISA with histone H4 peptide acetylated at lysines 8, 12 and 16 (H4pac), H2B peptide acetylated at lysine 12 (H2Bpac), H3 peptide trimethylated at lysine 27 (H3pme), and their unmodified equivalents. SLE patients displayed a higher reactivity with the modified equivalent of each peptide. Reactivity with H4pac showed both a high sensitivity (89%) and specificity (91%) for SLE, while H2Bpac exhibited a high specificity (96%) but lower sensitivity (69%). Reactivity with H3pme appeared not specific for SLE. Anti-H4pac and anti-H2Bpac reactivity demonstrated a high correlation with disease activity. Moreover, patients reacting with multiple modified histone peptides exhibited higher SLEDAI and lower C3 levels. SLE patients with renal involvement showed higher reactivity with H2B/H2Bpac and a more pronounced reactivity with the modified equivalent of H3pme and H2Bpac. In conclusion, reactivity with H4pac and H2Bpac is specific for SLE patients and correlates with disease activity, whereas reactivity with H2Bpac is in particular associated with lupus nephritis.
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14
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Follicular Helper T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Why Should They Be Considered as Interesting Therapeutic Targets? J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5767106. [PMID: 27635407 PMCID: PMC5011227 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5767106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by B cell hyperactivity leading to the production of autoantibodies, some of which having a deleterious effect. Reducing autoantibody production thus represents a way of controlling lupus pathogenesis, and a better understanding of the molecular and cellular factors involved in the differentiation of B cells into plasma cells could allow identifying new therapeutic targets. Follicular helper T cells (TFH) represent a distinct subset of CD4+ T cells specialized in providing help to B cells. They are required for the formation of germinal centers and the generation of long-lived serological memory and, as such, are suspected to play a central role in SLE. Recent advances in the field of TFH biology have allowed the identification of important molecular factors involved in TFH differentiation, regulation, and function. Interestingly, some of these TFH-related molecules have been described to be dysregulated in lupus patients. In the present review, we give an overview of the aberrant expression and/or function of such key players in lupus, and we highlight their potential as therapeutic targets.
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16
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Hiepe F, Radbruch A. Plasma cells as an innovative target in autoimmune disease with renal manifestations. Nat Rev Nephrol 2016; 12:232-40. [DOI: 10.1038/nrneph.2016.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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17
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Macias-Garcia A, Heizmann B, Sellars M, Marchal P, Dali H, Pasquali JL, Muller S, Kastner P, Chan S. Ikaros Is a Negative Regulator of B1 Cell Development and Function. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:9073-86. [PMID: 26841869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.704239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
B1 B cells secrete most of the circulating natural antibodies and are considered key effector cells of the innate immune response. However, B1 cell-associated antibodies often cross-react with self-antigens, which leads to autoimmunity, and B1 cells have been implicated in cancer. How B1 cell activity is regulated remains unclear. We show that the Ikaros transcription factor is a major negative regulator of B1 cell development and function. Using conditional knock-out mouse models to delete Ikaros at different locations, we show that Ikaros-deficient mice exhibit specific and significant increases in splenic and bone marrow B1 cell numbers, and that the B1 progenitor cell pool is increased ∼10-fold in the bone marrow. Ikaros-null B1 cells resemble WT B1 cells at the molecular and cellular levels, but show a down-regulation of signaling components important for inhibiting proliferation and immunoglobulin production. Ikaros-null B1 cells hyper-react to TLR4 stimulation and secrete high amounts of IgM autoantibodies. These results indicate that Ikaros is required to limit B1 cell homeostasis in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Macias-Garcia
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Beate Heizmann
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France,
| | - MacLean Sellars
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Patricia Marchal
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France
| | - Hayet Dali
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), CNRS UPR3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Louis Pasquali
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), CNRS UPR3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France, UFR Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylviane Muller
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IBMC), CNRS UPR3572, 67000 Strasbourg, France, Institut d'Etudes Avancées, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France, and
| | - Philippe Kastner
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Susan Chan
- From the Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), INSERM U964, CNRS UMR 7104, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France,
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18
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Liu Y, Ye J, Shin Ogawa L, Inoue T, Huang Q, Chu J, Bates RC, Ying W, Sonderfan AJ, Rao PE, Zhou D. The HSP90 Inhibitor Ganetespib Alleviates Disease Progression and Augments Intermittent Cyclophosphamide Therapy in the MRL/lpr Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127361. [PMID: 25974040 PMCID: PMC4431681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, systemic autoimmune disease with a diverse range of immunological and clinical manifestations. The introduction of broad spectrum immunosuppressive therapies and better management of acute disease exacerbations have improved outcomes for lupus patients over recent years. However, these regimens are burdened by substantial toxicities and confer significantly higher risks of infection, thus there remains a significant and unmet medical need for alternative treatment options, particularly those with improved safety profiles. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a ubiquitously expressed molecular chaperone that acts as an important modulator of multiple innate and adaptive inflammatory processes. Of note, accumulating clinical and experimental evidence has implicated a role for HSP90 in the pathogenesis of SLE. Here we evaluated the potential of HSP90 as a therapeutic target for this disease using the selective small molecule inhibitor ganetespib in the well-characterized MRL/lpr autoimmune mouse model. In both the prophylactic and therapeutic dosing settings, ganetespib treatment promoted dramatic symptomatic improvements in multiple disease parameters, including suppression of autoantibody production and the preservation of renal tissue integrity and function. In addition, ganetespib exerted profound inhibitory effects on disease-related lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, and reduced pathogenic T and B cell lineage populations in the spleen. Ganetespib monotherapy was found to be equally efficacious and tolerable when compared to an effective weekly dosing regimen of the standard-of-care immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide. Importantly, co-treatment of ganetespib with a sub-optimal, intermittent dosing schedule of cyclophosphamide resulted in superior therapeutic indices and maximal disease control. These findings highlight the potential of HSP90 inhibition as an alternative, and potentially complementary, strategy for therapeutic intervention in SLE. Such approaches may have important implications for disease management, particularly for limiting or preventing treatment-related toxicities, a major confounding factor in current SLE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Josephine Ye
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Luisa Shin Ogawa
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Takayo Inoue
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John Chu
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Richard C Bates
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Weiwen Ying
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew J Sonderfan
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Patricia E Rao
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Dan Zhou
- Synta Pharmaceuticals Corp., Lexington, Massachusetts, United States of America
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Wang W, Rangel-Moreno J, Owen T, Barnard J, Nevarez S, Ichikawa HT, Anolik JH. Long-term B cell depletion in murine lupus eliminates autoantibody-secreting cells and is associated with alterations in the kidney plasma cell niche. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 192:3011-20. [PMID: 24574498 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1302003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to dsDNA, produced by autoreactive plasma cells (PCs), are a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus and play a key role in disease pathogenesis. Recent data suggest that autoreactive PCs accumulate not only in lymphoid tissues, but also in the inflamed kidney in lupus nephritis. We hypothesized that the variable efficacy of anti-CD20 (rituximab)-mediated B cell depletion in systemic lupus erythematosus may be related to the absence of an effect on autoreactive PCs in the kidney. In this article, we report that an enrichment of autoreactive dsDNA Ab-secreting cells (ASCs) in the kidney of lupus-prone mice (up to 40% of the ASCs) coincided with a progressive increase in splenic germinal centers and PCs, and an increase in renal expression for PC survival factors (BAFF, a proliferation-inducing ligand, and IL-6) and PC attracting chemokines (CXCL12). Short-term treatment with anti-CD20 (4 wk) neither decreased anti-dsDNA nor IgG ASCs in different anatomical locations. However, long-term treatment (12 wk) significantly reduced both IgG- and dsDNA-specific ASCs. In addition, long-term treatment substantially decreased splenic germinal center and PC generation, and unexpectedly reduced the expression for PC survival factors in the kidney. These results suggest that prolonged B cell depletion may alter the PC survival niche in the kidney, regulating the accumulation and maintenance of autoreactive PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Wang
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642
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20
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Le Coz C, Joublin A, Pasquali JL, Korganow AS, Dumortier H, Monneaux F. Circulating TFH subset distribution is strongly affected in lupus patients with an active disease. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75319. [PMID: 24069401 PMCID: PMC3777901 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T cells (TFH) represent a distinct subset of CD4+ T cells specialized in providing help to B lymphocytes, which may play a central role in autoimmune diseases having a major B cell component such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, TFH subsets that share common phenotypic and functional characteristics with TFH cells from germinal centers, have been described in the peripheral blood from healthy individuals. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of such populations in lupus patients. Circulating TFH cell subsets were defined by multicolor flow cytometry as TFH17 (CXCR3-CCR6+), TFH1 (CXCR3 + CCR6-) or TFH2 (CXCR3-CCR6-) cells among CXCR5 + CD45RA-CD4+ T cells in the peripheral blood of 23 SLE patients and 23 sex and age-matched healthy controls. IL-21 receptor expression by B cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and the serum levels of IL-21 and Igs were determined by ELISA tests. We found that the TFH2 cell subset frequency is strongly and significantly increased in lupus patients with an active disease (SLEDAI score>8), while the TFH1 cell subset percentage is greatly decreased. The TFH2 and TFH1 cell subset frequency alteration is associated with the presence of high Ig levels and autoantibodies in patient’s sera. Moreover, the TFH2 cell subset enhancement correlates with an increased frequency of double negative memory B cells (CD27-IgD-CD19+ cells) expressing the IL-21R. Finally, we found that IgE levels in lupus patients’ sera correlate with disease activity and seem to be associated with high TFH2 cell subset frequency. In conclusion, our study describes for the first time the distribution of circulating TFH cell subsets in lupus patients. Interestingly, we found an increased frequency of TFH2 cells, which correlates with disease activity. Our results suggest that this subset might play a key role in lupus pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Le Coz
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of excellence MEDALIS, Strasbourg, France
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21
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Lacotte S, Decossas M, Le Coz C, Brun S, Muller S, Dumortier H. Early differentiated CD138(high) MHCII+ IgG+ plasma cells express CXCR3 and localize into inflamed kidneys of lupus mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58140. [PMID: 23520491 PMCID: PMC3592892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Humoral responses are central to the development of chronic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Indeed, autoantibody deposition is responsible for tissue damage, the kidneys being one of the main target organs. As the source of pathogenic antibodies, plasma cells are therefore critical players in this harmful scenario, both at systemic and local levels. The aim of the present study was to analyze plasma cells in NZB/W lupus mice and to get a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying their involvement in the renal inflammation process. Using various techniques (i.e. flow cytometry, quantitative PCR, ELISpot), we identified and extensively characterized three plasma cell intermediates, according to their B220/CD138/MHCII expression levels. Each of these cell subsets displays specific proliferation and antibody secretion capacities. Moreover, we evidenced that the inflammation-related CXCR3 chemokine receptor is uniquely expressed by CD138highMHCII+ plasma cells, which encompass both short- and long-lived cells and mostly produce IgG (auto)antibodies. Expression of CXCR3 allows efficient chemotactic responsiveness of these cells to cognate chemokines, which production is up-regulated in the kidneys of diseased NZB/W mice. Finally, using fluorescence and electron microscopy, we demonstrated the presence of CD138+CXCR3+IgG+ cells in inflammatory areas in the kidneys, where they are very likely involved in the injury process. Thus, early differentiated CD138highMHCII+ rather than terminally differentiated CD138highMHCIIlow plasma cells may be involved in the renal inflammatory injury in lupus, due to CXCR3 expression and IgG secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Lacotte
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marion Decossas
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
| | - Carole Le Coz
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
| | - Susana Brun
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylviane Muller
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hélène Dumortier
- CNRS, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Immunopathologie et Chimie Thérapeutique/Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Strasbourg, France
- * E-mail:
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MicroRNAs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other Blood Disorders. LEUKEMIA RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2012; 2012:603830. [PMID: 23259069 PMCID: PMC3505936 DOI: 10.1155/2012/603830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Common blood disorders include hematopoietic cell malignancies or leukemias and plasma cell dyscrasia, all of which have associated microRNA abnormalities. In this paper, we discuss several leukemias including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and identify altered microRNAs and their targets. Immune disorders with altered blood levels of antibodies include autoimmune disorders, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with associated anti-self-autoantibodies and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) also have related microRNA abnormalities. The alterations in microRNAs may serve as therapeutic targets in these blood disorders.
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Moser K, Kalies K, Szyska M, Humrich JY, Amann K, Manz RA. CXCR3 promotes the production of IgG1 autoantibodies but is not essential for the development of lupus nephritis in NZB/NZW mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:1237-46. [DOI: 10.1002/art.33424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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24
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Seavey MM, Lu LD, Stump KL. Animal models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ex vivo assay design for drug discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; Chapter 5:Unit 5.60. [PMID: 21935901 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph0560s53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a debilitating and often fatal autoimmune disease that involves multiple organ systems. It can develop for years before being diagnosed. Current treatments for SLE usually involve the use of cytotoxic or immunosuppressive agents that can lead to infection or cancer. The design of appropriate models and assays will determine the efficiency and speed with which an investigator can test a new chemical entity (NCE) or expect results to move a drug discovery program forward. This unit describes a series of preclinical assays for the identification of new agents for the treatment of SLE. Most importantly, this unit will guide the reader through a step-by-step process to select appropriate models, validation drugs, and readouts, depending on the objective of the study. The reader will acquire a working knowledge of what models are available and the potential advantages and disadvantages of each, including ex vivo assays relevant to the discovery of new SLE therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Seavey
- Worldwide Discovery Research, Cephalon, Inc., West Chester, Pennsylvania, USA
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25
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Starke C, Frey S, Wellmann U, Urbonaviciute V, Herrmann M, Amann K, Schett G, Winkler T, Voll RE. High frequency of autoantibody-secreting cells and long-lived plasma cells within inflamed kidneys of NZB/W F1 lupus mice. Eur J Immunol 2011; 41:2107-12. [PMID: 21484784 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201041315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2010] [Revised: 03/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to double-stranded (ds) DNA represent a serological hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may critically contribute to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. Self-reactive antibodies might be partially produced by long-lived plasma cells (PCs), which mainly reside within the bone marrow and spleen. In contrast to short-lived PCs, long-lived PCs are extremely resistant to therapy and may sustain refractory disease courses. Recently, antibody-secreting cells were found within the inflamed kidneys of New Zealand black/white (NZB/W) F1 lupus mice as well as of patients with SLE. To analyze the longevity of the IgG-producing cells present in nephritic kidneys of NZB/W F1 mice we performed in vivo BrdU-labeling. We identified a higher frequency of long-lived than short-lived renal PCs, indicating that survival niches for long-lived PCs also exist within inflamed kidneys. Using ELISPOT assays, we found that on average 31% of renal IgG-producing cells reacted with dsDNA and 24% with nucleolin. Moreover, the frequencies of IgG-secreting cells specific for the autoantigens dsDNA and nucleolin were higher in the kidneys compared with those in the spleen and bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Starke
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Clinical Research Group, Nikolaus-Fiebiger Center of Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
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