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Kimura S, Dupee Z, Lima F, Allen R, Kazmi S, Diodati N, Lukacs NW, Kunkel SL, Schaller M. Jagged-1 Reduces Th2 Inflammation and Memory Cell Expansion in Allergic Airway Disease. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:168-176. [PMID: 36729482 PMCID: PMC10563391 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch ligands present during interactions between T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) dictate cell phenotype through a myriad of effects including the induction of T cell regulation, survival, and cytokine response. The presence of Notch ligands on DCs varies with the context of the inflammatory response; Jagged-1 is constitutively expressed, whereas Delta-like 1 and Delta-like 4 are induced in response to pathogen exposure. Although Delta-like and Jagged ligands send different signals through the same Notch receptor, the role of these two ligands in peripheral T cell immunity is not clear. The goal of our studies was to determine the role of Jagged-1 in the pathogen-free inflammation induced by OVA during allergic airway disease in mice. Our studies show that a deletion in DC-expressed Jagged-1 causes a significant increase in cytokine production, resulting in increased mucus production and increased eosinophilia in the lungs of mice sensitized and challenged with OVA. We also observed that a reduction of Jagged-1 expression is correlated with increased expression of the Notch 1 receptor on the surface of CD4+ T cells in both the lung and lymph node. Through transfer studies using OT-II transgenic T cells, we demonstrate that Jagged-1 represses the expansion of CD44+CD62L+CCR7+ memory cells and promotes the expansion of CD44+CD62L- effector cells, but it has no effect on the expansion of naive cells during allergic airway disease. These data suggest that Jagged-1 may have different roles in Ag-specific T cell responses, depending on the maturity of the stimulated T cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Kimura
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Infection Prevention and Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shonan University of Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Zadia Dupee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; and
| | - Felipe Lima
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; and
| | - Ronald Allen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Soha Kazmi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; and
| | - Nickolas Diodati
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; and
| | | | | | - Matthew Schaller
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; and
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Huang MT, Chiu CJ, Chiang BL. Multi-Faceted Notch in Allergic Airway Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3508. [PMID: 31319491 PMCID: PMC6678794 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch is an evolutionarily conserved signaling family which iteratively exerts pleiotropic functions in cell fate decisions and various physiological processes, not only during embryonic development but also throughout adult life. In the context of the respiratory system, Notch has been shown to regulate ciliated versus secretory lineage differentiation of epithelial progenitor cells and coordinate morphogenesis of the developing lung. Reminiscent of its role in development, the Notch signaling pathway also plays a role in repair of lung injuries by regulation of stem cell activity, cell differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. In addition to functions in embryonic development, cell and tissue renewal and various physiological processes, including glucose and lipid metabolism, Notch signaling has been demonstrated to regulate differentiation of literally almost all T-cell subsets, and impact on elicitation of inflammatory response and its outcome. We have investigated the role of Notch in allergic airway inflammation in both acute and chronic settings. In this mini-review, we will summarize our own work and recent advances on the role of Notch signaling in allergic airway inflammation, and discuss potential applications of the Notch signaling family in therapy for allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Tzu Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
| | - Chiao-Juno Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
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3
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Webb LM, Tait Wojno ED. Notch Signaling Orchestrates Helminth-Induced Type 2 Inflammation. Trends Immunol 2019; 40:538-552. [PMID: 31103422 PMCID: PMC6545262 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Infection with helminth parasites poses a significant challenge to the mammalian immune system. The type 2 immune response to helminth infection is critical in limiting worm-induced tissue damage and expelling parasites. Conversely, aberrant type 2 inflammation can cause debilitating allergic disease. Recent studies have revealed that key type 2 inflammation-associated immune and epithelial cell types respond to Notch signaling, broadly regulating gene expression programs in cell development and function. Here, we discuss new advances demonstrating that Notch is active in the development, recruitment, localization, and cytokine production of immune and epithelial effector cells during type 2 inflammation. Understanding how Notch signaling controls type 2 inflammatory processes could inform the development of Notch pathway modulators to treat helminth infections and allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Webb
- Baker Institute for Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Elia D Tait Wojno
- Baker Institute for Animal Health and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, USA.
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4
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Jing Y, Gimenes JA, Mishra R, Pham D, Comstock AT, Yu D, Sajjan U. NOTCH3 contributes to rhinovirus-induced goblet cell hyperplasia in COPD airway epithelial cells. Thorax 2018; 74:18-32. [PMID: 29991510 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Goblet cell hyperplasia (GCH) is one of the cardinal features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes to airways obstruction. Rhinovirus (RV), which causes acute exacerbations in patients with COPD, also causes prolonged airways obstruction. Previously, we showed that RV enhances mucin gene expression and increases goblet cell number in a COPD mouse model. This study examines whether RV causes sustained GCH in relevant models of COPD. METHODS Mucociliary-differentiated COPD and normal airway epithelial cell cultures and mice with normal or COPD phenotype were infected with RV or sham and examined for GCH by immunofluorescence and/or mucin gene expression. In some experiments, RV-infected COPD cells and mice with COPD phenotype were treated with γ-secretase inhibitor or interleukin-13 neutralising antibody and assessed for GCH. To determine the contribution of NOTCH1/3 in RV-induced GCH, COPD cells transduced with NOTCH1/3 shRNA were used. RESULTS RV-infected COPD, but not normal cell cultures, showed sustained GCH and increased mucin genes expression. Microarray analysis indicated increased expression of NOTCH1, NOTCH3 and HEY1 only in RV-infected COPD cells. Blocking NOTCH3, but not NOTCH1, attenuated RV-induced GCH in vitro. Inhibition of NOTCH signalling by γ-secretase inhibitor, but not neutralising antibody to IL-13, abrogated RV-induced GCH and mucin gene expression. CONCLUSIONS RV induces sustained GCH via NOTCH3 particularly in COPD cells or mice with COPD phenotype. This may be one of the mechanisms that may contribute to RV-induced prolonged airways obstruction in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxun Jing
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Joao Antonio Gimenes
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rahul Mishra
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Duc Pham
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adam T Comstock
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Umadevi Sajjan
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Thoracic Surgery and Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Physiology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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5
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Notch signaling represents an important checkpoint between follicular T-helper and canonical T-helper 2 cell fate. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1079-1091. [PMID: 29467447 PMCID: PMC6030499 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0012-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Type-2 immunity is regulated by two distinct CD4+ T-cell subsets. T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are required for humoral hallmarks of type-2 inflammation. T-helper type-2 (Th2) cells orchestrate type-2 inflammation in peripheral tissues, such as the lung and intestine. Given the importance of Notch signaling in the establishment of other CD4+ T-helper cell subsets, we investigated whether canonical Notch activation could differentially impact Tfh and Th2 cell fate during the induction of type-2 immunity. These studies show that Tfh cell, but not Th2 cell, generation and function is reliant on Notch signaling. While early Tfh cell specification is influenced by functional Notch ligands on classical dendritic cells, functional Notch ligands on cells other than dendritic cells, T cells, B cells, and follicular dendritic cells are sufficient to achieve full Tfh cell commitment. These findings identify Notch signaling as an early lineage-determining factor between Tfh and Th2 cell fate.
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6
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Hussain M, Xu C, Ahmad M, Yang Y, Lu M, Wu X, Tang L, Wu X. Notch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 92:676-693. [PMID: 29025966 DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung development is mediated by assorted signaling proteins and orchestrated by complex mesenchymal-epithelial interactions. Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved cell-cell communication mechanism that exhibits a pivotal role in lung development. Notably, both aberrant expression and loss of regulation of Notch signaling are critically linked to the pathogenesis of various lung diseases, in particular, pulmonary fibrosis, lung cancer, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and asthmatic airway remodeling; implying that precise regulation of intensity and duration of Notch signaling is imperative for appropriate lung development. Moreover, evidence suggests that Notch signaling links embryonic lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling. Herein, we summarized all-recent advances associated with the mechanistic role of Notch signaling in lung development, consequences of aberrant expression or deletion of Notch signaling in linking early-impaired lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling, and all recently investigated potential therapeutic strategies to treat asthmatic airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musaddique Hussain
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Mashaal Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Youping Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Meiping Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Xiling Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Lanfang Tang
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and The Key Respiratory Drug Research Laboratory of China Food and Drug Administration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.H., C.X., M.A., Xim.W.); The Second People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling City, Zhejiang Province, China (Y.Y.); and Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Children Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, China (M.L., Xil.W., L.T.)
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7
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Tindemans I, Peeters MJW, Hendriks RW. Notch Signaling in T Helper Cell Subsets: Instructor or Unbiased Amplifier? Front Immunol 2017; 8:419. [PMID: 28458667 PMCID: PMC5394483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For protection against pathogens, it is essential that naïve CD4+ T cells differentiate into specific effector T helper (Th) cell subsets following activation by antigen presented by dendritic cells (DCs). Next to T cell receptor and cytokine signals, membrane-bound Notch ligands have an important role in orchestrating Th cell differentiation. Several studies provided evidence that DC activation is accompanied by surface expression of Notch ligands. Intriguingly, DCs that express the delta-like or Jagged Notch ligands gain the capacity to instruct Th1 or Th2 cell polarization, respectively. However, in contrast to this model it has also been hypothesized that Notch signaling acts as a general amplifier of Th cell responses rather than an instructive director of specific T cell fates. In this alternative model, Notch enhances proliferation, cytokine production, and anti-apoptotic signals or promotes co-stimulatory signals in T cells. An instructive role for Notch ligand expressing DCs in the induction of Th cell differentiation is further challenged by evidence for the involvement of Notch signaling in differentiation of Th9, Th17, regulatory T cells, and follicular Th cells. In this review, we will discuss the two opposing models, referred to as the “instructive” and the “unbiased amplifier” model. We highlight both the function of different Notch receptors on CD4+ T cells and the impact of Notch ligands on antigen-presenting cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Tindemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Huang MT, Chen YL, Lien CI, Liu WL, Hsu LC, Yagita H, Chiang BL. Notch Ligand DLL4 Alleviates Allergic Airway Inflammation via Induction of a Homeostatic Regulatory Pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43535. [PMID: 28262821 PMCID: PMC5337933 DOI: 10.1038/srep43535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch is a pleiotropic signaling family that has been implicated in pathogenesis of allergic airway diseases; however, the distinct function of individual Notch ligands remains elusive. We investigated whether Notch ligands, Jagged1 and DLL4, exert differential effects in OVA-induced allergic asthma. We found that whilst Jagged1 inhibition mitigated Th2-dominated airway inflammation, blockage of DLL4 aggravated the Th2-mediated asthma phenotypes. Additionally, Jagged1 signaling blockage enhanced IL-17 production and neutrophilic airway infiltration. In vitro, exogenous Jagged1 induced Th2-skewed responses, whereas augmented DLL4 signaling displayed a dual role by promoting expansion of both Tregs and Th17. In vivo, DLL4 blockage impaired Treg differentiation which plausibly resulted in exaggerated asthma phenotypes. On the contrary, administration of DLL4-expressing antigen-presenting cells promoted endogenous Treg expansion and ameliorated the allergic responses. Therefore, whilst Jagged1 induces Th2-skewed inflammation, DLL4 elicits an essential self-regulatory mechanism via Treg-mediated pathway that counterbalances Jagged1-induced Th2 responses and facilitates resolution of the airway inflammation to restore homeostasis. These findings uncover a disparate function of Jagged1 and DLL4 in allergic airway diseases, hinting feasibility of Notch ligand-specific targeting in therapy of allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao-Tzu Huang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lien Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Chia-I Lien
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,National Mosquito-Borne Diseases Control Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, 35053, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chung Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan
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9
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Tindemans I, Lukkes M, de Bruijn MJW, Li BWS, van Nimwegen M, Amsen D, KleinJan A, Hendriks RW. Notch signaling in T cells is essential for allergic airway inflammation, but expression of the Notch ligands Jagged 1 and Jagged 2 on dendritic cells is dispensable. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:1079-1089. [PMID: 28111308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic asthma is characterized by a TH2 response induced by dendritic cells (DCs) that present inhaled allergen. Although the mechanisms by which they instruct TH2 differentiation are still poorly understood, expression of the Notch ligand Jagged on DCs has been implicated in this process. OBJECTIVE We sought to establish whether Notch signaling induced by DCs is critical for house dust mite (HDM)-driven allergic airway inflammation (AAI) in vivo. METHODS The induction of Notch ligand expression on DC subsets by HDM was quantified by using quantitative real-time PCR. We used an HDM-driven asthma mouse model to compare the capacity of Jagged 1 and Jagged 2 single- and double-deficient DCs to induce AAI. In addition, we studied AAI in mice with a T cell-specific deletion of recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin Jκ region (RBPJκ), a downstream effector of Notch signaling. RESULTS HDM exposure promoted expression of Jagged 1, but not Jagged 2, on DCs. In agreement with published findings, in vitro-differentiated and HDM-pulsed Jagged 1 and Jagged 2 double-deficient DCs lacked the capacity to induce AAI. However, after in vivo intranasal sensitization and challenge with HDM, DC-specific Jagged 1 or Jagged 2 single- or double-deficient mice had eosinophilic airway inflammation and a TH2 cell activation phenotype that was not different from that in control littermates. In contrast, RBPJκ-deficient mice did not experience AAI and airway hyperreactivity. CONCLUSION Our results show that the Notch signaling pathway in T cells is crucial for the induction of TH2-mediated AAI in an HDM-driven asthma model but that expression of Jagged 1 or Jagged 2 on DCs is not required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Tindemans
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Lukkes
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bobby W S Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Menno van Nimwegen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Alex KleinJan
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Ting HA, Schaller MA, de Almeida Nagata DE, Rasky AJ, Maillard IP, Lukacs NW. Notch Ligand Delta-like 4 Promotes Regulatory T Cell Identity in Pulmonary Viral Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 198:1492-1502. [PMID: 28077598 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory T (Treg) cells establish tolerance, prevent inflammation at mucosal surfaces, and regulate immunopathology during infectious responses. Recent studies have shown that Delta-like ligand 4 (Dll4) was upregulated on APC after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, and its inhibition leads to exaggerated immunopathology. In the present study, we outline the role of Dll4 in Treg cell differentiation, stability, and function in RSV infection. We found that Dll4 was expressed on CD11b+ pulmonary dendritic cells in the lung and draining lymph nodes in wild-type BALB/c mice after RSV infection. Dll4 neutralization exacerbated RSV-induced disease pathology, mucus production, group 2 innate lymphoid cell infiltration, IL-5 and IL-13 production, as well as IL-17A+ CD4 T cells. Dll4 inhibition decreased the abundance of CD62LhiCD44loFoxp3+ central Treg cells in draining lymph nodes. The RSV-induced disease was accompanied by an increase in Th17-like effector phenotype in Foxp3+ Treg cells and a decrease in granzyme B expression after Dll4 blockade. Finally, Dll4-exposed induced Treg cells maintained the CD62LhiCD44lo central Treg cell phenotype, had increased Foxp3 expression, became more suppressive, and were resistant to Th17 skewing in vitro. These results suggest that Dll4 activation during differentiation sustained Treg cell phenotype and function to control RSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-An Ting
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | | | | | - Andrew J Rasky
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Ivan P Maillard
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and.,Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Nicholas W Lukacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109;
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11
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Schaller MA, Allen RM, Kimura S, Day CL, Kunkel SL. Systemic Expression of Notch Ligand Delta-Like 4 during Mycobacterial Infection Alters the T Cell Immune Response. Front Immunol 2016; 7:527. [PMID: 27933064 PMCID: PMC5121470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch ligand delta-like 4 (DLL4) is known to fine-tune the CD4+ T cell cytokine response. DLL4 is expressed on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in a MyD88-dependent manner. We found that DLL4 expression was upregulated on bone marrow progenitor cells and APCs in mice infected with BCG Mycobacterium. Transfer of DLL4+ progenitor cells from infected hosts resulted in an increase DLL4+ myeloid cells in the spleen, indicating that expression of the dll4 gene is propagated throughout hematopoiesis. We also found an increase in DLL4+ monocytes from individuals who were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In latent individuals, DLL4 expression correlated with increased cytokine production from T cells in response to PPD stimulation. Finally, antibody blockade of DLL4 reduced T cell cytokine production from naïve T cells stimulated with antigen. These results demonstrate that the Notch ligand DLL4 can influence T cell cytokine production in both humans and mice, and further reveal that expression of DLL4 is upregulated on early hematopoietic progenitors in response to chronic mycobacterial infection. These data suggest that widespread DLL4 expression may occur as a result of mycobacterial infection, and that this expression may alter CD4+ T cell responses to both previously encountered and novel antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Schaller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Ronald M Allen
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Soichiro Kimura
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine , Tokyo , Japan
| | - Cheryl L Day
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative (SATVI), Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, School of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Observatory, South Africa
| | - Steven L Kunkel
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
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12
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DLL4 + dendritic cells: Key regulators of Notch Signaling in effector T cell responses. Pharmacol Res 2016; 113:449-457. [PMID: 27639599 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical regulators of adaptive immune responses. DCs can elicit primary T cell responses at low DC:T cell ratios through their expression of high levels of antigen-presenting molecules and costimulatory molecules. DCs are important for induction of functionally diverse T cell subsets such as CD4+ T helper (Th)1 and Th17 cells and effector CD8+ T cells able to reside in epithelial tissues. Recent studies begin illuminating the underlying mechanism by which DCs regulate specialized T cell subsets. DCs are composed of subsets that differ in their phenotype, localization and function. DCs expressing high levels of DLL4 (DLL4+ DCs), which is a member of Notch ligand family, are newly discovered cells that have greater ability than DLL4- DCs to promote the generation of Th1 and Th17 CD4+ T cells. DLL4 derived from DLL4+ DCs is also important for promoting the differentiation and expansion of effector CD8+ T cells. Experimental studies have demonstrated that selective deletion of DLL4 in DCs causes impaired antitumor immunity. In contrast, blocking DLL4 leads to dramatic reduction of inflammatory T cell responses and their-mediated tissue damage. We will discuss emerging functional specialization within the DLL4+ DC compartment, DLL4+ DC biology and the impact of pharmacological modulation of DLL4 to control inflammatory disorders.
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Shen C, Detry B, Lecocq M, Pilette C. A novel IgA/Delta-like 4/Notch axis induces immunosuppressive activity in human dendritic cells. Clin Immunol 2016; 168:37-46. [PMID: 27117596 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Shen
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bruno Detry
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marylène Lecocq
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Université catholique de Louvain (UCL), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale & Clinique (IREC), Pôle Pneumologie, ORL & dermatologie; Institute for Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium.
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Mukherjee S, Rasky AJ, Lundy PA, Kittan NA, Kunkel SL, Maillard IP, Kowalski PE, Kousis PC, Guidos CJ, Lukacs NW. STAT5-induced lunatic fringe during Th2 development alters delta-like 4-mediated Th2 cytokine production in respiratory syncytial virus-exacerbated airway allergic disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 192:996-1003. [PMID: 24367028 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1301991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Notch activation plays an important role in T cell development and mature T cell differentiation. In this study, we investigated the role of Notch activation in a mouse model of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-exacerbated allergic airway disease. During RSV exacerbation, in vivo neutralization of a specific Notch ligand, Delta-like ligand (Dll)-4, significantly decreased airway hyperreactivity, mucus production, and Th2 cytokines. Lunatic Fringe (Lfng), a glycosyltransferase that enhances Notch activation by Dll4, was increased during RSV exacerbation. Lfng loss of function in Th2-skewed cells inhibited Dll4-Notch activation and subsequent IL-4 production. Further knockdown of Lfng in T cells in CD4Cre(+)Lfng(fl/fl) mice showed reduced Th2 response and disease pathology during RSV exacerbation. Finally, we identified STAT5-binding cis-acting regulatory element activation as a critical driver of Lfng transcriptional activation. These data demonstrate that STAT5-dependent amplification of Notch-modifying Lfng augments Th2 response via Dll4 and is critical for amplifying viral exacerbation during allergic airway disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Mukherjee
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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15
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Notch signaling and T-helper cells in EAE/MS. Clin Dev Immunol 2013; 2013:570731. [PMID: 24324509 PMCID: PMC3845449 DOI: 10.1155/2013/570731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway preservation across species hints to the indispensable role it plays during evolution. Over the last decade the science community has extensively studied the Notch signaling pathway, with Notch emerging as a key player in embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, angiogenesis, and immunoregulation. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable yet treatable autoimmune chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The aim of this review is to provide a brief description of the Notch signaling pathway, and summarize the current literature implicating Notch in the pathogenesis of MS.
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Guibas GV, Makris M, Papadopoulos NG. Key Regulators of Sensitization and Tolerance: GM-CSF, IL-10, TGF-β and the Notch Signaling Pathway in Adjuvant-Free Experimental Models of Respiratory Allergy. Int Rev Immunol 2013; 32:307-23. [DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2013.794457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Huang HM, Hsiao G, Fan CK, Lin CL, Leu SJ, Chiang BL, Lee YL. Notch ligand delta-like 4-pretreated dendritic cells alleviate allergic airway responses by enhancing IL-10 production. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63613. [PMID: 23696838 PMCID: PMC3656003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway plays a role in the processes of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, which affect the development and function of various organs. Dendritic cells (DCs), as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), induce T cell activation and promote T cell differentiation by antigen stimulation. Research has shown that Notch ligand delta-like 4 (Dll4) in APCs is associated with stimulation of a Th1-type response. However, the regulatory roles of Dll4 in the activation and function of DCs have yet to be clearly elucidated. In this study, we demonstrated that activation of Dll4-pretreated bone marrow-derived DCs by performing ovalbumin (OVA) stimulation expressed a high level of interleukin (IL)-10 without diminishing IL-12 production. By contrast, the proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, decreased in Dll4-pretreated DCs by performing either lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or OVA stimulation. Compared to fully mature DCs, lower levels of MHC class II CD40 and higher levels of CD80 and CD86 molecules were expressed in these semi-mature like DCs. Dll4 Notch signaling also enhanced Notch ligand mRNA expression of Dll1, Dll4, and Jagged1 in DCs. Dll4-modified DCs exhibited a reduced capacity to stimulate the proliferation of OVA-specific CD4(+) T cells, but actively promoted large amounts of IL-10 production in these activated T cells. Furthermore, immunomodulatory effects of Dll4-modified DCs were examined in an established asthmatic animal model. After adoptive transfer of OVA-pulsed plus Dll4-pretreated DCs in OVA-immunized mice, OVA challenge induced lower OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) and higher IgG2a antibody production, lower eotaxin, keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), IL-5, and IL-13 release in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid, attenuated airway hyper-responsiveness, and promoted higher IL-10 and interferon (IFN)-γ production in the spleen. In summary, our findings elucidate the new role of Dll4 in the phenotype and function of DCs and provide a novel approach for manipulating T cell-driven deleterious immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Mei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - George Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Kwung Fan
- Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Lun Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Jye Leu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Luen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Eixarch H, Mansilla MJ, Costa C, Kunkel SL, Montalban X, Godessart N, Espejo C. Inhibition of delta-like ligand 4 decreases Th1/Th17 response in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Neurosci Lett 2013; 541:161-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Mochizuki K, Xie F, He S, Tong Q, Liu Y, Mochizuki I, Guo Y, Kato K, Yagita H, Mineishi S, Zhang Y. Delta-like ligand 4 identifies a previously uncharacterized population of inflammatory dendritic cells that plays important roles in eliciting allogeneic T cell responses in mice. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:3772-82. [PMID: 23440416 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1202820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) reflects an exaggerated inflammatory allogeneic T cell response in hosts receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Inhibition of pan-Notch receptor signaling in donor T cells causes reduction of GVHD. However, which Notch ligand(s) in what APCs is important for priming graft-versus-host reaction remains unknown. We demonstrate that δ-like ligand-4 (Dll4) and Dll4-positive (Dll4(high)) inflammatory dendritic cells (i-DCs) play important roles in eliciting allogeneic T cell responses. Host-type Dll4(high) i-DCs occurred in the spleen and intestine of HSCT mice during GVHD induction phase. These Dll4(high) i-DCs were CD11c(+)B220(+)PDCA-1(+), resembling plasmacytoid dentritic cells (pDCs) of naive mice. However, as compared with unstimulated pDCs, Dll4(high) i-DCs expressed higher levels of costimulatory molecules, Notch ligands Jagged1 and Jagged2, and CD11b, and produced more Ifnb and Il23 but less Il12. In contrast, Dll4-negative (Dll4(low)) i-DCs were CD11c(+)B220(-)PDCA-1(-), and had low levels of Jagged1. In vitro assays showed that Dll4(high) i-DCs induced significantly more IFN-γ- and IL-17-producing effector T cells (3- and 10-fold, respectively) than Dll4(low) i-DCs. This effect could be blocked by anti-Dll4 Ab. In vivo administration of Dll4 Ab reduced donor-alloreactive effector T cells producing IFN-γ and IL-17 in GVHD target organs, leading to reduction of GVHD and improved survival of mice after allogeneic HSCT. Our findings indicate that Dll4(high) i-DCs represent a previously uncharacterized i-DC population distinctive from steady state DCs and Dll4(low) i-DCs. Furthermore, Dll4 and Dll4(high) i-DCs may be beneficial targets for modulating allogeneic T cell responses, and could facilitate the discovery of human counterparts of mouse Dll4(high) i-DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Mochizuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Edwards S, Jones C, Leishman AJ, Young BW, Matsui H, Tomizawa H, Murray CM, Biffen M. TLR7 stimulation of APCs results in inhibition of IL-5 through type I IFN and Notch signaling pathways in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:2585-92. [PMID: 23382558 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
TLR7 agonists modulate Th2 immune responses through mechanisms that have not been fully elucidated. Suppression of IL-5 production from Ag- or phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human PBMCs by the TLR7 antedrug AZ12441970 was mediated via type I IFN-dependent and type I IFN-independent mechanisms through TLR7 activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells, B cells, and monocytes. The type I IFN-dependent inhibition of T cell-derived IL-5 was mediated by IFN-α acting directly on activated T cells. IL-10 was shown not to be involved in the type I IFN-independent inhibition of IL-5 and the mechanism of inhibition required cell-cell interaction. Notch signaling was implicated in the inhibition of IL-5, because addition of a γ-secretase inhibitor blocked the type I IFN-independent suppression of IL-5. Accordingly, AZ12441970 induced high levels of the notch ligands Dll1 and Dll4 mRNA, whereas immobilized DLL4 resulted in the suppression of IL-5 production. Therefore, we have elucidated two mechanisms whereby TLR7 agonists can modulate IL-5 production in human T cells. The suppression of Th2 cytokines, including IL-5, would be of benefit in diseases such as atopic asthma, so we assessed TLR7 function in PBMC from asthmatics and showed equivalent activity compared with healthy volunteers. Demonstrating this function is intact in asthmatics and knowing it links to suppression of Th2 cytokines support the case for developing such compounds for the treatment of allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Edwards
- Bioscience, AstraZeneca Research and Development Charnwood, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 5RH, United Kingdom
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Maier E, Duschl A, Horejs-Hoeck J. STAT6-dependent and -independent mechanisms in Th2 polarization. Eur J Immunol 2012; 42:2827-33. [PMID: 23041833 PMCID: PMC3557721 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201242433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 06/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Th2 cells play a key role in directing immune responses against helminths. Additionally, Th2 cells are crucial for many types of allergic reactions. Whereas the molecular mechanisms underlying the differentiation of other types of Th cells are well understood, Th2 differentiation is still a controversial topic. IL-4 and its downstream transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)6 are well-known key mediators in Th2 differentiation. The fact that Th2 cells themselves are the most potent source of IL-4 suggests that additional mechanisms promoting the initiation of Th2 differentiation exist. This article gives an overview on STAT6-dependent and -independent mechanisms involved in the process of Th2 polarization, including Notch, mTORC2, IL-2/STAT5, and Wnt. Furthermore, we emphasize the role of STAT6 not only as a transcriptional activator promoting Th2 development, but also in fine-tuning alternative signaling pathways which are involved in the initiation of Th2 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Maier
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
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Mochizuki K, He S, Zhang Y. Notch and inflammatory T-cell response: new developments and challenges. Immunotherapy 2012; 3:1353-66. [PMID: 22053886 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory T-cell response is important for protecting the host against infections and tumors. However, dysregulated generation of effector T cells produces high levels of inflammatory cytokines and cytotoxic molecules and may cause inflammatory disorders, such as chronic infections, autoimmune diseases and graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Thus, tight regulation of effector T cells is essential. Accumulating evidence indicates that Notch plays critical roles in regulating the differentiation of antigen activated T cells into distinct lineages of effector T cells. Furthermore, significant progress has been made in the development of new methods in order to modulate Notch for disease treatment. In this article, we will discuss recent findings that help to gain insight into the impact of Notch in the regulation of effector T cells and highlight the beneficial effects of modulating Notch in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Mochizuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5942, USA
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Okoye IS, Wilson MS. CD4+ T helper 2 cells--microbial triggers, differentiation requirements and effector functions. Immunology 2012; 134:368-77. [PMID: 22043920 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 10 years we have made great strides in our understanding of T helper cell differentiation, expansion and effector functions. Within the context of T helper type 2 (Th2) cell development, novel innate-like cells with the capacity to secrete large amounts of interleukin-5 (IL-5), IL-13 and IL-9 as well as IL-4-producing and antigen-processing basophils have (re)-emerged onto the type 2 scene. To what extent these new players influence αβ+ CD4+ Th2 cell differentiation is discussed throughout this appraisal of the current literature. We highlight the unique features of Th2 cell development, highlighting the three necessary signals, T-cell receptor ligation, co-stimulation and cytokine receptor ligation. Finally, putting these into context, microbial and allergenic properties that trigger Th2 cell differentiation and how these influence Th2 effector function are discussed and questioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isobel S Okoye
- Division of Molecular Immunology, National Institute for Medical Research, MRC, London, UK
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Bassil R, Zhu B, Lahoud Y, Riella LV, Yagita H, Elyaman W, Khoury SJ. Notch ligand delta-like 4 blockade alleviates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by promoting regulatory T cell development. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:2322-8. [PMID: 21813770 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling pathway plays an important role in T cell differentiation. Delta-like ligand (Dll)4, one of five known Notch ligands, has been implicated in regulating Th2 cell differentiation in animal models of human diseases. However, the role of Dll4 in Th1/Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases remains largely unknown. Using an anti-Dll4 blocking mAb, we show that neutralizing Dll4 during the induction phase of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice significantly increased the pool of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg) in the periphery and in the CNS, and decreased the severity of clinical disease and CNS inflammation. Dll4 blockade promoted induction of myelin-specific Th2/Treg immune responses and impaired Th1/Th17 responses compared with IgG-treated mice. In vitro, we show that signaling with recombinant Dll4 inhibits the TGF-β-induced Treg development, and inhibits Janus kinase 3-induced STAT5 phosphorylation, a transcription factor known to play a key role in Foxp3 expression and maintenance. Depletion of natural Treg using anti-CD25 Ab reversed the protective effects of anti-Dll4 Ab. These findings outline a novel role for Dll4-Notch signaling in regulating Treg development in EAE, making it an encouraging target for Treg-mediated immunotherapy in autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribal Bassil
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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