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Aghakhani A, Hezave MB, Rasouli A, Saberi Rounkian M, Soleimanlou F, Alhani A, Sabet Eqlidi N, Pirani M, Mehrtabar S, Zerangian N, Pormehr-Yabandeh A, Keylani K, Tizro N, Deravi N. Endoplasmic Reticulum as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer: Is there a Role for Flavonoids? Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:298-315. [PMID: 36959143 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230320103429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are classified into subclasses of polyphenols, a multipurpose category of natural compounds which comprises secondary metabolites extracted from vascular plants and are plentiful in the human diet. Although the details of flavonoid mechanisms are still not realized correctly, they are generally regarded as antimicrobial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative; anti-mutagenic; anti-neoplastic; anti-aging; anti-diabetic, cardio-protective, etc. The anti-cancer properties of flavonoids are evident in functions such as prevention of proliferation, metastasis, invasion, inflammation and activation of cell death. Tumors growth and enlargement expose cells to acidosis, hypoxia, and lack of nutrients which result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; it triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which reclaims homeostasis or activates autophagy. Steady stimulation of ER stress can switch autophagy to apoptosis. The connection between ER stress and cancer, in association with UPR, has been explained. The signals provided by UPR can activate or inhibit anti-apoptotic or apoptotic pathways depending on the period and grade of ER stress. In this review, we will peruse the link between flavonoids and their impact on the endoplasmic reticulum in association with cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Aghakhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asma Rasouli
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberi Rounkian
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanlou
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arian Alhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Sabet Eqlidi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Pirani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mehrtabar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Zerangian
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pormehr-Yabandeh
- Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Kimia Keylani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Tizro
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Bartolini D, Grignano MA, Piroddi M, Chiaradia E, Galeazzi G, Rende M, Ronco C, Rampino T, Libetta C, Galli F. Induction of Vesicular Trafficking and JNK-Mediated Apoptotic Signaling in Mononuclear Leukocytes Marks the Immuno-Proteostasis Response to Uremic Proteins. Blood Purif 2023; 52:737-750. [PMID: 37703866 DOI: 10.1159/000533309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uremic retention solutes have been alleged to induce the apoptotic program of different cell types, including peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBL), which may contribute to uremic leukopenia and immune dysfunction. METHODS The molecular effects of these solutes were investigated in uremic PBL (u-PBL) and mononuclear cell lines (THP-1 and K562) exposed to the high molecular weight fraction of uremic plasma (u-HMW) prepared by in vitro ultrafiltration with 50 kDa cut-off microconcentrators. RESULTS u-PBL show reduced cell viability and increased apoptotic death compared to healthy control PBL (c-PBL). u-HMW induce apoptosis both in u-PBL and c-PBL, as well as in mononuclear cell lines, also stimulating cellular H2O2 formation and secretion, IRE1-α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling, and JNK/cJun pathway activation. Also, u-HMW induce autophagy in THP-1 monocytes. u-PBL were characterized by the presence in their cellular proteome of the main proteins and carbonylation targets of u-HMW, namely albumin, transferrin, and fibrinogen, and by the increased expression of receptor for advanced glycation end-products, a scavenger receptor with promiscuous ligand binding properties involved in leukocyte activation and endocytosis. CONCLUSIONS Large uremic solutes induce abnormal endocytosis and terminal alteration of cellular proteostasis mechanisms in PBL, including UPR/ER stress response and autophagy, ultimately activating the JNK-mediated apoptotic signaling of these cells. These findings describe the suicidal role of immune cells in facing systemic proteostasis alterations of kidney disease patients, a process that we define as the immuno-proteostasis response of uremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirée Bartolini
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy
- Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Grignano
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marta Piroddi
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Gabriele Galeazzi
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Rende
- Section of Human, Clinical and Forensic Anatomy, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Ronco
- International Renal Research Institute of Vicenza, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, St. Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Teresa Rampino
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carmelo Libetta
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo and University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Galli
- University of Perugia, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Perugia, Italy
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Chinna P, Bratl K, Lambarey H, Blumenthal MJ, Schäfer G. The Impact of Co-Infections for Human Gammaherpesvirus Infection and Associated Pathologies. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13066. [PMID: 37685871 PMCID: PMC10487760 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The two oncogenic human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) cause significant disease burden, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. Both viruses display latent and lytic phases of their life cycle with different outcomes for their associated pathologies. The high prevalence of infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and more recently, COVID-19, as well as their associated inflammatory responses, could potentially impact either virus' infectious course. However, acute or lytically active EBV and/or KSHV infections often present with symptoms mimicking these predominant diseases leading to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis of oncogenic herpesvirus-associated pathologies. EBV and/or KSHV infections are generally acquired early in life and remain latent until lytic reactivation is triggered by various stimuli. This review summarizes known associations between infectious agents prevalent in SSA and underlying EBV and/or KSHV infection. While presenting an overview of both viruses' biphasic life cycles, this review aims to highlight the importance of co-infections in the correct identification of risk factors for and diagnoses of EBV- and/or KSHV-associated pathologies, particularly in SSA, where both oncogenic herpesviruses as well as other infectious agents are highly pervasive and can lead to substantial morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prishanta Chinna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Katrin Bratl
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Humaira Lambarey
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Melissa J. Blumenthal
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Georgia Schäfer
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town 7925, South Africa; (P.C.); (K.B.); (H.L.); (M.J.B.)
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (IDM), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- Division of Medical Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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Alpinumisoflavone Disrupts Endoplasmic Reticulum and Mitochondria Leading to Apoptosis in Human Ovarian Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030564. [PMID: 35335940 PMCID: PMC8954479 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinumisoflavone is a prenylated isoflavonoid derived from the Cudrania tricuspidate fruit and Genista pichisermolliana. Alpinumisoflavone has anticancer properties in a variety of cancer cells, including colorectal, esophageal, renal and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, its mechanisms and effects in ovarian cancer remain unexplored. Our findings indicate that alpinumisoflavone triggers anti-proliferation in 2D- and 3D-cultured human ovarian cancer (ES2 and OV90) cells, including a reduction in the proliferating cell nuclear antigen expression and sub-G1 phase arrest of the cell cycle. Both alpinumisoflavone-treated ES2 and OV90 cells exhibited an augmentation in late apoptotic cells and the depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). We also observed a decrease in respiratory chain activity in ovarian cancer cells, owing to lower energy output by the alpinumisoflavone. In addition, combining cisplatin (a chemotherapeutic drug used in several malignancies) with alpinumisoflavone boosted apoptosis in ES2 and OV90 cells via a reduction in cell proliferation, induction of late apoptotic cells, and depolarization of MMP. Furthermore, alpinumisoflavone also regulated the PI3K/AKT, MAPK and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress regulatory signaling pathways, leading to cell death in both ES2 and OV90 cells. In general, our findings verified that alpinumisoflavone inhibited ovarian cancer cell growth via mitochondrial malfunction.
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Yoo SJ, Lee HR, Kim J, Yoo IS, Park CK, Kang SW. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2 Alpha Regulates the Migration of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes via Oxidative Stress-Induced CD70 Expression in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042342. [PMID: 35216458 PMCID: PMC8877612 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the role of CD70, which is highly expressed on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS), in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. FLS isolated from RA (n = 14) and osteoarthritis (OA, n = 4) patients were stimulated with recombinant interleukin-17 (IL-17; 5 ng/mL) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; 5 ng/mL) for 24 h. Expression of CD70, CD27/soluble CD27 (sCD27), and hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2α) was analyzed by RT-qPCR, flow cytometry, and ELISA assays, respectively. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) expression and cell migration were also examined. The HIF-2α inhibitor PT-2385 and CD70 inhibitor BU69 were used to specifically suppress these pathways. Stimulation with IL-17 and TNF-α significantly induced CD70 expression in RA FLS. Although the synovial fluids from patients with RA contained high levels of sCD27, surface expression of CD27, a ligand of CD70, was rarely detected in RA FLS. Cytokine-induced CD70 expression was significantly decreased following antioxidant treatment. Following HIF-2α inhibition, RA FLS had decreased expression of CD70 and ROS levels. Migration of RA FLS was also inhibited by inhibition of CD70 or HIF-2α. The surface expression of CD70 is regulated by HIF-2α and ROS levels and is a key contributor to cytokine-enhanced migration in RA FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jin Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-J.Y.); (H.-R.L.); (J.K.)
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Ha-Reum Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-J.Y.); (H.-R.L.); (J.K.)
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Jinhyun Kim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-J.Y.); (H.-R.L.); (J.K.)
| | - In Seol Yoo
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20 Bodeum-7-ro, Sejong 30099, Korea; (I.S.Y.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Chan Keol Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, 20 Bodeum-7-ro, Sejong 30099, Korea; (I.S.Y.); (C.K.P.)
| | - Seong Wook Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea; (S.-J.Y.); (H.-R.L.); (J.K.)
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwaro, Daejeon 35015, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-42-338-2428
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6
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Advantages and drawbacks of dexamethasone in glioblastoma multiforme. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 172:103625. [PMID: 35158070 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most widespread, malignant, and deadliest type of glial tumor is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Despite radiation, chemotherapy, and radical surgery, the median survival of afflicted individuals is about 12 months. Unfortunately, existing therapeutic interventions are abysmal. Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid, has been used for many years to treat brain edema and inflammation caused by GBM. Several investigations have recently shown that Dex also exerts antitumoral effects against GBM. On the other hand, more recent disputed findings have questioned the long-held dogma of Dex treatment for GBM. Unfortunately, steroids are associated with various undesirable side effects, including severe immunosuppression and metabolic changes like hyperglycemia, which may impair the survival of GBM patients. Current ideas and concerns about Dex's effects on GBM cerebral edema, cell proliferation, migration, and its clinical outcomes were investigated in this study.
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7
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Luo Y, Liu Y, Wang C, Gan R. Signaling pathways of EBV-induced oncogenesis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:93. [PMID: 33549103 PMCID: PMC7868022 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is closely associated with multiple human cancers. EBV-associated cancers are mainly lymphomas derived from B cells and T cells (Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, NK/T-cell lymphoma, and posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD)) and carcinomas derived from epithelial cells (nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gastric carcinoma). EBV can induce oncogenesis in its host cell by activating various signaling pathways, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), phosphoinositide-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT), Janus kinase/signal transducer and transcription activator (JAK/STAT), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and Wnt/β-catenin, which are regulated by EBV-encoded proteins and noncoding RNA. In this review, we focus on the oncogenic roles of EBV that are mediated through the aforementioned signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Luo
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical School, University of South China, Chang Sheng Xi Avenue 28, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yitong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical School, University of South China, Chang Sheng Xi Avenue 28, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengkun Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical School, University of South China, Chang Sheng Xi Avenue 28, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Runliang Gan
- Cancer Research Institute, Medical School, University of South China, Chang Sheng Xi Avenue 28, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Ghosh S, Köstel Bal S, Edwards ESJ, Pillay B, Jiménez Heredia R, Erol Cipe F, Rao G, Salzer E, Zoghi S, Abolhassani H, Momen T, Gostick E, Price DA, Zhang Y, Oler AJ, Gonzaga-Jauregui C, Erman B, Metin A, Ilhan I, Haskologlu S, Islamoglu C, Baskin K, Ceylaner S, Yilmaz E, Unal E, Karakukcu M, Berghuis D, Cole T, Gupta AK, Hauck F, Kogler H, Hoepelman AIM, Baris S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Ozen A, Kager L, Holzinger D, Paulussen M, Krüger R, Meisel R, Oommen PT, Morris E, Neven B, Worth A, van Montfrans J, Fraaij PLA, Choo S, Dogu F, Davies EG, Burns S, Dückers G, Becker RP, von Bernuth H, Latour S, Faraci M, Gattorno M, Su HC, Pan-Hammarström Q, Hammarström L, Lenardo MJ, Ma CS, Niehues T, Aghamohammadi A, Rezaei N, Ikinciogullari A, Tangye SG, Lankester AC, Boztug K. Extended clinical and immunological phenotype and transplant outcome in CD27 and CD70 deficiency. Blood 2020; 136:2638-2655. [PMID: 32603431 PMCID: PMC7735164 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020006738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biallelic mutations in the genes encoding CD27 or its ligand CD70 underlie inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) characterized predominantly by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated immune dysregulation, such as chronic viremia, severe infectious mononucleosis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), lymphoproliferation, and malignancy. A comprehensive understanding of the natural history, immune characteristics, and transplant outcomes has remained elusive. Here, in a multi-institutional global collaboration, we collected the clinical information of 49 patients from 29 families (CD27, n = 33; CD70, n = 16), including 24 previously unreported individuals and identified a total of 16 distinct mutations in CD27, and 8 in CD70, respectively. The majority of patients (90%) were EBV+ at diagnosis, but only ∼30% presented with infectious mononucleosis. Lymphoproliferation and lymphoma were the main clinical manifestations (70% and 43%, respectively), and 9 of the CD27-deficient patients developed HLH. Twenty-one patients (43%) developed autoinflammatory features including uveitis, arthritis, and periodic fever. Detailed immunological characterization revealed aberrant generation of memory B and T cells, including a paucity of EBV-specific T cells, and impaired effector function of CD8+ T cells, thereby providing mechanistic insight into cellular defects underpinning the clinical features of disrupted CD27/CD70 signaling. Nineteen patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) prior to adulthood predominantly because of lymphoma, with 95% survival without disease recurrence. Our data highlight the marked predisposition to lymphoma of both CD27- and CD70-deficient patients. The excellent outcome after HSCT supports the timely implementation of this treatment modality particularly in patients presenting with malignant transformation to lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujal Ghosh
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sevgi Köstel Bal
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emily S J Edwards
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Bethany Pillay
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Raúl Jiménez Heredia
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Funda Erol Cipe
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Geetha Rao
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Elisabeth Salzer
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Samaneh Zoghi
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tooba Momen
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Emma Gostick
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
- Vaccine Research Center
| | - Yu Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research
- Clinical Genomics Program, and
| | - Andrew J Oler
- Clinical Genomics Program, and
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, Office of Cyber Infrastructure and Computational Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Baran Erman
- Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Can Sucak Research Laboratory for Translational Immunology, Center for Genomics and Rare Diseases, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Metin
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, University of Health Sciences/Ankara City Hospital/Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Inci Ilhan
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, University of Health Sciences/Ankara City Hospital/Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sule Haskologlu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Candan Islamoglu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kubra Baskin
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdar Ceylaner
- Intergen Genetic Diagnosis and Research Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Yilmaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology & Molecular Biology and Genetic Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Gevher Nesibe Genom and Stem Cell Institution, GENKOK Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Unal
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology & Molecular Biology and Genetic Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Gevher Nesibe Genom and Stem Cell Institution, GENKOK Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Musa Karakukcu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology & Molecular Biology and Genetic Department, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
- Gevher Nesibe Genom and Stem Cell Institution, GENKOK Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Dagmar Berghuis
- Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Theresa Cole
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Aditya K Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hubert Kogler
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andy I M Hoepelman
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Safa Baris
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Karakoc-Aydiner
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ozen
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
- The Isil Berat Barlan Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
- Istanbul Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Leo Kager
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dirk Holzinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Michael Paulussen
- Vestische Kinder-und Jugendklinik, Witten/Herdecke University, Datteln, Germany
| | - Renate Krüger
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Meisel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Prasad T Oommen
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Emma Morris
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benedicte Neven
- Unité d'Immuno-Hematologie et Rhumatologie, Département de Pédiatrie Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
- INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Austen Worth
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joris van Montfrans
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter L A Fraaij
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Erasmus MC-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sharon Choo
- Department of Allergy and Immunology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Figen Dogu
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - E Graham Davies
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Siobhan Burns
- Institute of Immunity & Transplantation, University College London, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology, Royal Free London National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gregor Dückers
- Department of Pediatrics, Helios Children's Hospital, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Ruy Perez Becker
- Department of Pediatrics, Helios Children's Hospital, Krefeld, Germany
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Immunology, and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maura Faraci
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Unit and Istituto di Ricovero e Cura Pediatrico a Carattere Scientifico (IRCSS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini Research Institute Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Gattorno
- Center for Autoinflammatory Diseases and Immunodeficiency, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura Pediatrico a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Helen C Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research
- Clinical Genomics Program, and
| | - Qiang Pan-Hammarström
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition (NEO), Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI) Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Michael J Lenardo
- Clinical Genomics Program, and
- Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Tim Niehues
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Asghar Aghamohammadi
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; and
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Network (PIDNet), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; and
| | - Aydan Ikinciogullari
- Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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9
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Curcusone C induces apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells via mitochondria-dependent apoptotic and ERK pathway. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 43:329-338. [PMID: 33108571 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-03027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Jatropha curcashas been used in traditional medicine in Africa to treat cancer for thousands of years. This study aimed to examine the anti-endometrial cancer effect of Curcusone C, a naturally occurring rhamnofolane diterpene, isolated from J. curcas and reveal its molecular mechanism of action. RESULTS Curcusone C treatment caused significant anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects in human endometrial cancer (EC) Ishikawa and HEC-1A cells in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure of EC cells to Curcusone C resulted in apoptosis, which was associated with cytochrome c release, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation, Bcl-xL/Bax dysregulation, and decreased expression of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, such as XIAP and survivin. The inhibitory effect induced by Curcusone C was greatly impaired by the overexpression of survivin or Bax-/- MEFs or the knockdown of Bim expression. Moreover, Curcusone C activated mitogen-activated protein kinases, and the ERK inhibitor U0126 significantly attenuated the growth-inhibitory and apoptotic effects of Curcusone C in Ishikawa cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results demonstrate the anti-endometrial cancer potential of Curcusone C for the treatment of endometrial cancer.
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10
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Khalid S, Yamazaki H, Socorro M, Monier D, Beniash E, Napierala D. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation as an underlying mechanism of inorganic phosphate (P i)-induced mineralization of osteogenic cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 153:103-111. [PMID: 32330587 PMCID: PMC7262875 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are a natural byproduct of oxygen metabolism. At physiological levels, ROS regulate multiple cellular processes like proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Increased levels of ROS are associated with pathological conditions, such as inflammation and vascular calcification, where they elicit cytotoxic effects. These contrasting outcomes of ROS have also been reported in osteogenic precursor cells. However, the role of ROS in committed osteogenic cells has not been investigated. Cytotoxic and physiologic effects have also been demonstrated for extracellular phosphate (Pi). Specifically, in committed osteogenic cells Pi stimulates their major function (mineralization), however in osteogenic precursors and endothelial cells Pi cytotoxicity has been reported. Interestingly, Pi cytotoxic effects have been associated with ROS production in the pathological vascular mineralization. In this study, we investigated a molecular mechanistic link between elevated Pi and ROS production in the context of the mineralization function of committed osteogenic cells. Using committed osteogenic cells, 17IIA11 odontoblast-like cell and MLO-A5 osteoblast cell lines, we have unveil that Pi enhances intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, using a combination of mineralization assays and gene expression analyses, we determined that Pi-induced intracellular ROS supports the physiological mineralization process. In contrast, the exogenous ROS, provided in a form of H2O2, was detrimental for osteogenic cells. By comparing molecular signaling cascades induced by extracellular ROS and Pi, we identified differences in signaling routes that determine physiologic versus toxic effect of ROS on osteogenic cells. Specifically, while both extracellular and Pi-induced intracellular ROS utilize Erk1/2 signaling mediator, only extracellular ROS induces stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases P38 and JNK that are associated with cell death. In summary, our results uncovered a physiological role of ROS in the Pi-induced mineralization through the molecular pathway that is distinct from ROS-induced cytotoxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Khalid
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hajime Yamazaki
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Mairobys Socorro
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Daisy Monier
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elia Beniash
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dobrawa Napierala
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, Dept. of Oral Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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11
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Ko J, Rounds S, Lu Q. Sustained adenosine exposure causes endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction via equilibrative nucleoside transporters. Pulm Circ 2020; 10:2045894020924994. [PMID: 32523687 PMCID: PMC7235668 DOI: 10.1177/2045894020924994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a potent signaling molecule that has paradoxical effects on lung diseases. We have previously demonstrated that sustained adenosine exposure by inhibition of adenosine degradation impairs lung endothelial barrier integrity and causes intrinsic apoptosis through equilibrative nucleoside transporter1/2-mediated intracellular adenosine signaling. In this study, we further demonstrated that sustained adenosine exposure increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and reduced mitochondrial respiration via equilibrative nucleoside transporter1/2, but not via adenosine receptor-mediated signaling. We have previously shown that sustained adenosine exposure activates p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinases in mitochondria. Here, we show that activation of p38 and JNK partially contributed to sustained adenosine-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. We also found that sustained adenosine exposure promoted mitochondrial fission and increased mitophagy. Finally, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants prevented sustained adenosine exposure-induced mitochondrial fission and improved cell survival. Our results suggest that inhibition of equilibrative nucleoside transporter1/2 and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may be potential therapeutic approaches for lung diseases associated with sustained elevated adenosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuk Ko
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.,MD Anderson Cancer Center and University of Texas Health Science at Houston Graduate School, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharon Rounds
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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12
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Ryu M, Sung CK, Im YJ, Chun C. Activation of JNK and p38 in MCF-7 Cells and the In Vitro Anticancer Activity of Alnus hirsuta Extract. Molecules 2020; 25:E1073. [PMID: 32121012 PMCID: PMC7179116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
JNK and p38 are important mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that respond to stress stimuli. The stress-activated MAPKs associated with apoptotic cell death play vital roles in mammalian cells. Alnus hirsuta, which contains abundant diarylheptanoids derivatives, is a valuable medicinal plant. The CHCl3 extract (AHC) containing platyphyllenone (1) and platyphyllone (3) as main compounds showed in vitro anticancer effects. We report the biological activities of A. hirsuta extract associated with the regulation of apoptosis and JNK and p38 in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Levels of phospho-JNK and phospho-p38 by AHC treatment were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). ROS production, apoptotic effect, and DNA contents of the cells were measured by flow cytometry. The two diarylheptanoids 1 and 3 and the AHC extract exhibited cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cells in MTT assay, with IC50 values of 18.1, 46.9, 260.0 μg/mL, respectively. AHC induced ROS generation and elevated the endogenous levels of phospho-JNK and phospho-p38. AHC resulted in apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. We suggest that the antitumor effect of A. hirsuta extract is achieved by apoptosis promotion and cell cycle arrest mediated by the activation of JNK and p38 signaling pathway via ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young Jun Im
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (M.R.); (C.K.S.)
| | - ChangJu Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (M.R.); (C.K.S.)
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13
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Yun SM, Kim YS, Kim KH, Hur DY. Ampelopsin Induces DR5-Mediated Apoptotic Cell Death in EBV-Infected Cells through the p38 Pathway. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:489-494. [PMID: 31306050 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1639778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Ampelopsin (AMP) is a well-known flavonoid that exerts a number of biological and pharmacological effects including anticancer effects against several cancer cell lines. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of AMP against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive cells and its mechanism of action. Our results showed that AMP dose-dependently inhibited cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death in EBV-positive cells without cytotoxicity in EBV-negative cells. In particular, AMP induced caspase-8 dependent apoptosis via upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and death receptor (DR5). Knockdown of DR5 by RNA interference blocked AMP-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, AMP dose-dependently activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in EBV-positive cells. Additionally, SB203580 (a p38-MAPK inhibitor) effectively inhibited apoptotic cell death. These results demonstrate that treatment with AMP induces the apoptosis of EBV-positive cells through upregulation of TRAIL/DR5 and activation of p38 signaling. Therefore, these results provide experimental information for developing AMP as a new therapeutic drug against EBV-positive cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Mi Yun
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hoon Kim
- Department of Surgery, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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14
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Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV) infection inhibits macrophage formation and survival by counteracting Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF)-induced increase of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 114:105560. [PMID: 31220583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Kaposi Sarcoma Herpes Virus (KSHV) is an oncovirus belonging to the human gammaherpesvirus family, able to infect several immune cell types including B cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes. In this study, we found that KSHV infection of monocytes counteracted the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) increase induced by Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF), prevented c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) phosphorylation and inhibited autophagy, leading to an impairment of cell survival and differentiation into macrophages. We also show that, to further dysregulate immune response in monocytes, KSHV reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF α) while increased the release of the immune suppressive cytokine Interleukin-10 (IL-10). These results unveils new strategies put in place by KSHV to induce immune suppression and to persist into the infected host.
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15
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Yun SM, Kim YS, Hur DY. LMP1 and 2A Induce the Expression of Nrf2 Through Akt Signaling Pathway in Epstein-Barr Virus-Transformed B Cells. Transl Oncol 2019; 12:775-783. [PMID: 30909091 PMCID: PMC6434054 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Nrf2, which regulates the expression of antioxidant and cytoprotective enzymes, contributes to cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy. Nrf2 is also dysregulated in many cancers such as lung, head and neck, and breast cancers, but its role in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–transformed B cells is still not understood. Here, we investigated EBV infection-induced Nrf2 activation in B cells by analyzing translocation of Nrf2 from the cytosol to the nucleus. In addition, we confirmed expression of the target genes in response to increased Nrf2 activation in EBV-transformed B cells. We demonstrated that knockdown of LMP1 and 2A blocks the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus and reduces ROS production in EBV-transformed B cells. Further, we showed that inhibition of Akt prevents Nrf2 activation. Moreover, knockdown of Nrf2 induces apoptotic cell death in EBV-transformed B cells. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that Nrf2 promotes proliferation of EBV-transformed B cells through the EBV-related proteins LMP1 and 2A and Akt signaling, implicating Nrf2 as a potential molecular target for EBV-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Mi Yun
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Seok Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Hur
- Department of Anatomy and Tumor immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Muneer A, Shamsher Khan RM. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Implications for Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Chonnam Med J 2019; 55:8-19. [PMID: 30740335 PMCID: PMC6351318 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2019.55.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an indispensable sub-cellular component of the eukaryotic cell carries out essential functions, is critical to the survival of the organism. The chaperone proteins and the folding enzymes which are multi-domain ER effectors carry out 3-dimensional conformation of nascent polypeptides and check misfolded protein aggregation, easing the exit of functional proteins from the ER. Diverse conditions, for instance redox imbalance, alterations in ionic calcium levels, and inflammatory signaling can perturb the functioning of the ER, leading to a build-up of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen. This results in ER stress, and aiming to reinstate protein homeostasis, a well conserved reaction called the unfolded protein response (UPR) is elicited. Equally, in protracted cellular stress or inadequate compensatory reaction, UPR pathway leads to cell loss. Dysfunctional ER mechanisms are responsible for neuronal degeneration in numerous human diseases, for instance Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. In addition, mounting proof indicates that ER stress is incriminated in psychiatric diseases like major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. Accumulating evidence suggests that pharmacological agents regulating the working of ER may have a role in diminishing advancing neuronal dysfunction in neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, new findings are examined which link the foremost mechanisms connecting ER stress and cell homeostasis. Furthermore, a supposed new pathogenic model of major neuropsychiatry disorders is provided, with ER stress proposed as the pivotal step in disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ather Muneer
- Islamic International Medical College, Riphah International University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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17
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Reichert M, Lukasik A, Zielenkiewicz P, Matras M, Maj-Paluch J, Stachnik M, Borzym E. Host microRNA analysis in cyprinid Herpesvirus-3 (CyHV-3) infected common carp. BMC Genomics 2019; 20:46. [PMID: 30654758 PMCID: PMC6337785 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of latency and the ability of the cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) to establish life-long infections in carp remains poorly understood. To explain the role of miRNAs in this process we applied a range of molecular tools including high-throughput sequencing of RNA libraries constructed from the blood samples of infected fish followed by bioinformatic and functional analyses which show that CyHV-3 profoundly influences the expression of host miRNAs in vivo. Results We demonstrated the changed expression of 27 miRNAs in the clinical phase and 5 in the latent phase of infection. We also identified 23 novel, not previously reported sequences, from which 8 showed altered expressions in control phase, 10 in clinical phase and 5 in latent phase of infection. Conclusions The results of our analysis expand the knowledge of common carp microRNAs engaged during CyHV-3 infection and provide a useful basis for the further study of the mechanism of CyHV-3 induced pathology. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5266-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Reichert
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland.
| | - Anna Lukasik
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Zielenkiewicz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warsaw, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Matras
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Joanna Maj-Paluch
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stachnik
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Ewa Borzym
- Department of Fish Diseases, National Veterinary Research Institute, 57 Partyzantow Avenue, 24-100, Pulawy, Poland
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18
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Latour S, Winter S. Inherited Immunodeficiencies With High Predisposition to Epstein-Barr Virus-Driven Lymphoproliferative Diseases. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1103. [PMID: 29942301 PMCID: PMC6004768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) is a gamma-herpes virus that infects 90% of humans without any symptoms in most cases, but has an oncogenic potential, especially in immunocompromised individuals. In the past 30 years, several primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) associated with a high risk to develop EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs), essentially consisting of virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome, non-malignant and malignant B-cell LPDs including non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin’s types of B lymphomas have been characterized. Among them are SH2D1A (SAP), XIAP, ITK, MAGT1, CD27, CD70, CTPS1, RASGRP1, and CORO1A deficiencies. Penetrance of EBV infection ranges from 50 to 100% in those PIDs. Description of large cohorts and case reports has refined the specific phenotypes associated with these PIDs helping to the diagnosis. Specific pathways required for protective immunity to EBV have emerged from studies of these PIDs. SLAM-associated protein-dependent SLAM receptors and MAGT1-dependent NKG2D pathways are important for T and NK-cell cytotoxicity toward EBV-infected B-cells, while CD27–CD70 interactions are critical to drive the expansion of EBV-specific T-cells. CTPS1 and RASGRP1 deficiencies further strengthen that T-lymphocyte expansion is a key step in the immune response to EBV. These pathways appear to be also important for the anti-tumoral immune surveillance of abnormal B cells. Monogenic PIDs should be thus considered in case of any EBV-associated LPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe de Recherche Labéllisée, Ligue National contre le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Sarah Winter
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Equipe de Recherche Labéllisée, Ligue National contre le Cancer, Paris, France
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19
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Ha TK, Hansen AH, Kol S, Kildegaard HF, Lee GM. Baicalein Reduces Oxidative Stress in CHO Cell Cultures and Improves Recombinant Antibody Productivity. Biotechnol J 2017; 13:e1700425. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Kwang Ha
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anders Holmgaard Hansen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Stefan Kol
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Helene Faustrup Kildegaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Gyun Min Lee
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability; Technical University of Denmark; Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
- Department of Biological Sciences; KAIST; Daejeon Republic of Korea
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20
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Cipolla GA, Park JK, Lavker RM, Petzl-Erler ML. Crosstalk between Signaling Pathways in Pemphigus: A Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation? Front Immunol 2017; 8:1022. [PMID: 28928733 PMCID: PMC5591886 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus consists of a group of chronic blistering skin diseases mediated by autoantibodies (autoAbs). The dogma that pemphigus is caused by keratinocyte dissociation (acantholysis) as a distinctive and direct consequence of the presence of autoAb targeting two main proteins of the desmosome—desmoglein (DSG) 1 and/or DSG3—has been put to the test. Several outside-in signaling events elicited by pemphigus autoAb in keratinocytes have been described, among which stands out p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) engagement and its apoptotic effect on keratinocytes. The role of apoptosis in the disease is, however, debatable, to an extent that it may not be a determinant event for the occurrence of acantholysis. Also, it has been verified that compromised DSG trans-interaction does not lead to keratinocyte dissociation when p38 MAPK is inhibited. These examples of conflicting results have been followed by recent work revealing an important role for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in pemphigus’ pathogenesis. ER stress is known to activate the p38 MAPK pathway, and vice versa. However, this relationship has not yet been studied in the context of activated signaling pathways in pemphigus. Therefore, by reviewing and hypothetically connecting the role(s) of ER stress and p38 MAPK pathway in pemphigus, we highlight the importance of elucidating the crosstalk between all activated signaling pathways, which may in turn contribute for a better understanding of the role of apoptosis in the disease and a better management of this life-threatening condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel A Cipolla
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Jong Kook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Biomedical Science and Research, Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Robert M Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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21
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Bhat TA, Chaudhary AK, Kumar S, O'Malley J, Inigo JR, Kumar R, Yadav N, Chandra D. Endoplasmic reticulum-mediated unfolded protein response and mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1867:58-66. [PMID: 27988298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abrogation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein folding triggered by exogenous or endogenous factors, stimulates a cellular stress response, termed ER stress. ER stress re-establishes ER homeostasis through integrated signaling termed the ER-unfolded protein response (UPRER). In the presence of severe toxic or prolonged ER stress, the pro-survival function of UPRER is transformed into a lethal signal transmitted to and executed through mitochondria. Mitochondria are key for both apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Thus ER is vital in sensing and coordinating stress pathways to maintain overall physiological homeostasis. However, this function is deregulated in cancer, resulting in resistance to apoptosis induction in response to various stressors including therapeutic agents. Here we review the connections between ER stress and mitochondrial apoptosis, describing potential cancer therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq A Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Ajay K Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Jordan O'Malley
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Joseph R Inigo
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Neelu Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States
| | - Dhyan Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States.
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22
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Zhang J, Jing X, Niu W, Zhang M, Ge L, Miao C, Tang X. Peroxiredoxin 1 has an anti-apoptotic role via apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 and p38 activation in mouse models with oral precancerous lesions. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:413-420. [PMID: 27347160 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) is important in the protection of cells from oxidative damage and the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Prx1 is overexpressed in oral precancerous lesions of oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral cancer; however, the association between Prx1 expression and OLK pathogenesis remains unknown. The present study investigated the role of Prx1 and its molecular mechanisms in oxidative stress-induced apoptosis during the pathogenesis of OLK. Wild-type and Prx1 knockout mice were treated with 50 µg/ml 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) or 4NQO + H2O2 for 16 weeks to establish mouse models with tongue precancerous lesions. Apoptotic cells were detected using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assay. The expression of Prx1, apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), phosphor-ASK1, p38 and phosphor-p38 was analyzed using immunohistochemical staining, and their mRNA expression levels were evaluated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The present results demonstrated that 4NQO or 4NQO + H2O2 induced the development of tongue precancerous lesions in Prx1 knockout and wild-type mice. Prx1 was overexpressed in tongue precancerous lesions compared with normal tongue mucosa. There was a significant decrease in the degree of moderate or severe epithelial dysplasia, and mild epithelial dysplasia was clearly elevated, in Prx1 knockout mice treated with 4NQO + H2O2 compared with wild-type mice treated with 4NQO + H2O2. Prx1 suppressed apoptosis and upregulated phosphor-ASK1 and phosphor-p38 expression in tongue precancerous lesions. The present results suggest that Prx1 suppresses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via the ASK1/p38 signalling pathway in mouse tongue precancerous lesions. In conclusion, Prx1 and H2O2 have a coordination role in promoting the progression of tongue precancerous mucosa lesions. The present findings provide novel insight into Prx1 function and the mechanisms of Prx1 in OLK pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xinying Jing
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Niu
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Lihua Ge
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Miao
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Tang
- Beijing Institute of Dental Research, Beijing Stomatological Hospital and School of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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23
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PARK GABIN, PARK SANGHYUN, KIM DAEJIN, KIM YEONGSEOK, YOON SUNGHO, HUR DAEYOUNG. Berberine induces mitochondrial apoptosis of EBV-transformed B cells through p53-mediated regulation of XAF1 and GADD45α. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:411-21. [DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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25
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A microRNA-mediated decrease in eukaryotic initiation factor 2α promotes cell survival during PS-341 treatment. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21565. [PMID: 26898246 PMCID: PMC4761930 DOI: 10.1038/srep21565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that performs the folding, modification and trafficking of proteins targeted to the secretory pathway. Cancer cells often endure ER stress during tumor progression but use the adaptive ER stress response to gain survival advantage. Here we report: (i) A group of miRs, including miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p, are upregulated by proteasome inhibitor PS-341 treatment, in HepG2 and MDA-MB-453 cells. (ii) Two representative PS-341-induced miRs: miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p are found to promote cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis in both tumor cells. (iii) eIF2α is confirmed as the congenerous target of miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p, essential to the anti-apoptotic function of these miRs. (iv) Upregulation of miR-30b-5p or miR-30c-5p, which occurs latter than the increase of phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α) in the cell under ER stress, suppresses the p-eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pro-apoptotic pathway. (v) Inhibition of the miR-30b-5p or miR-30c-5p sensitizes the cancer cells to the cytotoxicity of proteasome inhibition. In conclusion, we unravels a new miRs-based mechanism that helps maintain intracellular proteostasis and promote cell survival during ER stress through upregulation of miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p which target eIF2α and thereby inhibit the p-eIF2α/ATF4/CHOP pro-apoptotic pathway, identifying miR-30b-5p and miR-30c-5p as potentially new targets for anti-cancer therapies.
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26
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Kang KA, Piao MJ, Madduma Hewage SRK, Ryu YS, Oh MC, Kwon TK, Chae S, Hyun JW. Fisetin induces apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress in human non-small cell lung cancer through inhibition of the MAPK signaling pathway. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:9615-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4864-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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27
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ASK1/JNK-mediated TAp63 activation controls the cell survival signal of baicalein-treated EBV-transformed B cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2015; 412:247-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2631-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Pich C, Sarrabayrouse G, Teiti I, Mariamé B, Rochaix P, Lamant L, Favre G, Maisongrosse V, Tilkin-Mariamé AF. Melanoma-expressed CD70 is involved in invasion and metastasis. Br J Cancer 2015; 114:63-70. [PMID: 26671750 PMCID: PMC4716537 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: CD70 is a costimulatory molecule of the tumour necrosis factor family expressed in activated immune cells and some solid tumours. In lymphocytes CD70 triggers T cell-mediated cytotoxicity and mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Methods: We evaluated the expression of CD70 in biopsies and melanoma cell lines. Using melanoma cell lines positive or not for CD70, we analysed CD70 function on melanoma progression. Results: We report CD70 expression in human melanoma cell lines and tumour cells from melanoma biopsies. This expression was observed in 95% of primary melanomas but only 37% of metastases. Both monomeric and trimeric forms of CD70 were detected in tumour cell membrane fractions, whereas cytoplasmic fractions contained almost exclusively monomeric CD70. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that CD70 expression inhibited melanoma cell migration, invasion and pulmonary metastasis implantation independently of the tumour immune microenvironment. Increasing the levels of the trimeric form of CD70 through monoclonal antibody binding led to an increase in CD70+ melanoma cell invasiveness through MAPK pathway activation, RhoE overexpression, ROCK1 and MYPT1 phosphorylation decrease, and stress fibres and focal adhesions disappearance. Conclusions: Our results describe a new non-immunological function of melanoma-expressed CD70, which involves melanoma invasiveness through MAPK pathway, RhoE and cytoskeletal modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Pich
- Unité INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, F-31037 Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Guillaume Sarrabayrouse
- Unité INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, F-31037 Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Iotefa Teiti
- Unité INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, F-31037 Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernard Mariamé
- Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France.,ITAV, USR 3505, 1 Place Potier, F-31106 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Rochaix
- Service d'anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer - IUCT, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurence Lamant
- Unité INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, F-31037 Toulouse, France.,Service d'anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer - IUCT, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Gilles Favre
- Unité INSERM UMR 1037, CRCT, F-31037 Toulouse, France.,Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse, France.,Service d'anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer - IUCT, F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Maisongrosse
- Service d'anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer - IUCT, F-31059 Toulouse, France
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29
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Pahl JH, Santos SJ, Kuijjer ML, Boerman GH, Sand LG, Szuhai K, Cleton-Jansen A, Egeler RM, Boveé JV, Schilham MW, Lankester AC. Expression of the immune regulation antigen CD70 in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2015; 15:31. [PMID: 25792975 PMCID: PMC4365554 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-015-0181-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent bone cancer in children and young adults. The outcome of patients with advanced disease is dismal. Exploitation of tumor-immune cell interactions may provide novel therapeutic approaches. CD70-CD27 interactions are important for the regulation of adaptive immunity. CD70 expression has been reported in some solid cancers and implicated in tumor escape from immunosurveillance. In this study, expression of CD70 and CD27 was analyzed in osteosarcoma cell lines and tumor specimens. CD70 protein was expressed on most osteosarcoma cell lines (5/7) and patient-derived primary osteosarcoma cultures (4/6) as measured by flow cytometry. In contrast, CD70 was detected on few Ewing sarcoma cell lines (5/15) and was virtually absent from neuroblastoma (1/7) and rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines (0/5). CD70(+) primary cultures were derived from CD70(+) osteosarcoma lesions. CD70 expression in osteosarcoma cryosections was heterogeneous, restricted to tumor cells and not attributed to infiltrating CD3(+) T cells as assessed by immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence. CD70 was detected in primary (1/5) but also recurrent (2/4) and metastatic (1/3) tumors. CD27, the receptor for CD70, was neither detected on tumor cells nor on T cells in CD70(+) or CD70(-) tumors, suggesting that CD70 on tumor cells is not involved in CD27-dependent tumor-immune cell interactions in osteosarcoma. CD70 gene expression in diagnostic biopsies of osteosarcoma patients did not correlate with the occurrence of metastasis and survival (n = 70). Our data illustrate that CD70 is expressed in a subset of osteosarcoma patients. In patients with CD70(+) tumors, CD70 may represent a novel candidate for antibody-based targeted immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hw Pahl
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands ; Innate Immunity Group, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susy J Santos
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke L Kuijjer
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gerharda H Boerman
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens Gl Sand
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - R Maarten Egeler
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children/University of Toronto, M5G1X8 Toronto, Canada
| | - Judith Vmg Boveé
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marco W Schilham
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan C Lankester
- Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
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30
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GUO CHUN, WANG SHENGLI, XU SONGTAO, WANG JIANGUO, SONG GUOHUA. SP600125 reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis and restores the early-stage differentiation of osteoblasts inhibited by LPS through the MAPK pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1427-34. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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31
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Wu S, Gao X, Yang S, Meng M, Yang X, Ge B. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in endothelial dysfunction induced by homocysteine thiolactone. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2015; 29:252-9. [PMID: 25623775 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our and other studies have reported that homocysteine thiolactone (HTL) could induce endothelial dysfunction. However, the precise mechanism was largely unknown. In this study, we tested the most possible factor-endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which was demonstrated to be involved in endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease. Acetylcholine (Ach)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) and biochemical parameters were measured in rat isolated aorta. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO was designed by specific fluorescent probe DCFH-DA and DAF-FM DA separately. The nuclear translocation of the NF-κB was studied by immune-fluorescence. The mRNA expression and protein expression of GRP78--a key indicator for the induction of ER stress--were assessed by real-time PCR and Western blot. Two ER stress inhibitors-4-PBA (5 mm) and Tudca (500 μg/mL)--significantly prevented HTL-impaired EDR and increased NO release, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and SOD activity, decreased ROS production, NADPH activity, NOX-4 mRNA and MDA level. We also found that 4-PBA and Tudca blocked HTL--induced NF-κB activation thus inhibiting the downstream target gene production including TNF-α and ICAM-1. Simultaneously, HTL increased the mRNA and protein level of GRP78. HTL could induce ER stress leading to a downstream enhancement of oxidative stress and inflammation, which finally caused vascular endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
| | - Shehua Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
| | - Min Meng
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
| | - Xiaolai Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
| | - Bin Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Gan Su Provincial Hospital, Lan Zhou, 73000, China
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32
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HUANG RONGRONG, HU WEN, YIN YANYAN, WANG YUCHAN, LI WEIPING, LI WEIZU. Chronic restraint stress promotes learning and memory impairment due to enhanced neuronal endoplasmic reticulum stress in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in male mice. Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:553-9. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.2026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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33
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Guo C, Yuan L, Wang JG, Wang F, Yang XK, Zhang FH, Song JL, Ma XY, Cheng Q, Song GH. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the apoptosis and inhibits osteoblast differentiation through JNK pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Inflammation 2014; 37:621-31. [PMID: 24272171 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9778-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Bone degradation is a serious complication of chronic inflammatory diseases such as septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and infected orthopedic implant failure. Up to date, effective therapeutic treatments for bacteria-caused bone destruction are limited. In our previous study, we found that LPS promoted osteoclast differentiation and activity through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway such as c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2). The current study was to evaluate the mechanism of LPS on the apoptosis and osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were non-treated, treated with LPS. After treatment, the cell viability, the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and caspase-3 were measured. The expressions of osteoblast-specific genes and Bax, Bcl-2, and caspase-3 were determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, and phosphorylation of MAPKs were measured using Western blotting assays. The MAPK signaling pathway was blocked by pretreatment with JNK inhibitor SP600125. LPS treatment induced a significant decrease in cell metabolism, viability, and ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. LPS also significantly decreased mRNA expressions of osteoblast-related genes in MC3T3-E1 cells. On the other hand, LPS significantly upregulated mRNA expressions and protein levels of Bax and caspase-3 as well as activation of caspase-3, whereas decreased Bcl-2 expression in MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, LPS significantly promoted MAPK pathway including the phosphorylation of JNK and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2; moreover, pretreatment with JNK inhibitor not only attenuated both of phosphorylation-JNK and ERK1/2 enhanced by LPS in MC3T3-E1 cells, but also reversed the downregulated expressions of osteoblast-specific genes including ALP and BSP induced by LPS. In conclusion, LPS could induce osteoblast apoptosis and inhibit osteoblast differentiation via activation of JNK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Guo
- Luohe Medical College, 148 Daxue Road, Luohe, 462002, Henan, People's Republic of China,
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34
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Yang Y, Yang D, Yang D, Jia R, Ding G. Role of reactive oxygen species-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in contrast-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis. Nephron Clin Pract 2014; 128:30-6. [PMID: 25359386 DOI: 10.1159/000366063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal tubular cell apoptosis is a key mechanism of contrast-induced acute kidney injury. It has been reported that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is the underlying mechanism of high osmolar contrast-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis. Whether ER stress is involved in low osmolar contrast-induced renal tubular cell injury remains unclear. In the present study, the roles of ER stress in iopromide-induced (a low osmolar contrast) renal tubular cell apoptosis and the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on ER stress were investigated. METHODS NRK-52E cells were exposed to different concentrations of iopromide [50, 100 and 150 mg iodine (I)/ml] for 4 h. In a separate experiment, NRK-52E cells were exposed to iopromide (100 mg I/ml, 4 h) with or without NAC (10 mmol/l). NAC was added 1 h before incubation with iopromide. Apoptosis was determined by Hoechst staining and flow cytometry. The intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by confocal microscopy with fluorescent probe CM-H2DCFDA. The expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and CAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) was determined by Western blot. RESULTS Iopromide induced NRK-52E cell apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. The intracellular ROS production increased significantly following iopromide exposure in the NRK-52E cells. Significantly increased expressions of GRP78 and CHOP were observed in the NRK-52E cells exposed to iopromide for 4 h; NAC attenuated iopromide-induced NRK-52E cell apoptosis by inhibiting the overproduction of intracellular ROS and subsequently suppressing the overexpression of GRP78 and CHOP. CONCLUSION ROS-mediated ER stress is involved in contrast-induced renal tubular cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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35
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Wang XC, Zhao NJ, Guo C, Chen JT, Song JL, Gao L. Quercetin reversed lipopolysaccharide-induced inhibition of osteoblast differentiation through the mitogen‑activated protein kinase pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:3320-6. [PMID: 25323558 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a flavonoid found in onions and other vegetables, has potential inhibitory effects on bone resorption in vivo and in vitro. In our previous study it was identified that quercetin triggered the apoptosis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced osteoclasts and inhibited bone resorption. Currently, little information is available detailing the effect of quercetin on osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in bacteria‑induced inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin on osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3‑E1 osteoblasts stimulated with LPS. LPS significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of osteoblast‑related genes in the MC3T3‑E1 cells. By contrast, quercetin significantly restored the LPS‑suppressed mRNA expression of osteoblast‑related genes in a dose‑dependent manner. Quercetin also restored the protein expression of Osterix in MC3T3‑E1 cells suppressed by LPS. Furthermore, quercetin selectively triggered the activation of the mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway by enhancing the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and reducing the expression of c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase. These data suggest that quercetin reversed the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation induced by LPS through MAPK signaling. These findings suggest that quercetin may be of potential use as a therapeutic agent to restore osteoblast function in bacteria‑induced bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Chun Wang
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 47500, P.R. China
| | - Nzhi-Jun Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 47500, P.R. China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Tao Chen
- Pharmaceutical Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 47500, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ling Song
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Medicine, Luohe Medical College, Luohe, Henan 462002, P.R. China
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Plácido A, Pereira C, Duarte A, Candeias E, Correia S, Santos R, Carvalho C, Cardoso S, Oliveira C, Moreira P. The role of endoplasmic reticulum in amyloid precursor protein processing and trafficking: Implications for Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1444-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Li H, Chang G, Wang J, Wang L, Jin W, Lin Y, Yan Y, Wang R, Gao W, Ma L, Li Q, Pang T. Cariporide sensitizes leukemic cells to tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand by up-regulation of death receptor 5 via endoplasmic reticulum stress-CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein dependent mechanism. Leuk Lymphoma 2014; 55:2135-40. [PMID: 24188478 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.861064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression increases when Na(+)-H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE1) is inhibited. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to trigger tumor cell death through CHOP. We therefore hypothesized that NHE1 activity correlates with ER stress and confers pharmaceutical potential to NHE1 inhibitor as an anti-tumor agent. The present study showed that treatment with the NHE1 inhibitor cariporide led to ER stress-induced up-regulation of the death receptor 5 (DR5) which is mediated by CHOP at the transcriptional level. We also determined that ER stress-induced Janus kinase (JNK) activation was responsible for the modulation of CHOP. Combining cariporide with tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) led to a significantly enhanced level of apoptosis that was abrogated by siRNA silencing of CHOP. This study provides a potential mechanistic rationale for the use of NHE1 inhibitor in combination with DR5 agonists to induce apoptosis in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College , Tianjin , China
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Galán M, Kassan M, Kadowitz PJ, Trebak M, Belmadani S, Matrougui K. Mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:1063-75. [PMID: 24576409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Revised: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently reported that ER stress plays a key role in vascular endothelial dysfunction during hypertension. In this study we aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which ER stress induction and oxidative stress impair vascular endothelial function. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We conducted in vitro studies with primary endothelial cells from coronary arteries stimulated with tunicamycin, 1μg/mL, in the presence or absence of two ER stress inhibitors: tauroursodeoxycholic acid (Tudca), 500μg/mL, and 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA), 5mM. ER stress induction was assessed by enhanced phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α, and increased expression of CHOP, ATF6 and Grp78/Bip. The ER stress induction increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, Nox2/4 mRNA levels and NADPH oxidase activity, and decreased eNOS promoter activity, eNOS expression and phosphorylation, and nitrite levels. Interestingly, the inhibition of p38 MAPK pathway reduced CHOP and Bip expressions enhanced by tunicamycin and restored eNOS promoter activation as well as phosphorylation. To study the effects of ER stress induction in vivo, we used C57BL/6J mice and p47phox(-/-) mice injected with tunicamycin or saline. The ER stress induction in mice significantly impaired vascular endothelium-dependent and independent relaxation in C57BL/6J mice compared with p47phox(-/-) mice indicating NADPH oxidase activity as an intermediate for ER stress in vascular endothelial dysfunction. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE We conclude that chemically induced ER stress leads to a downstream enhancement of p38 MAPK and oxidative stress causing vascular endothelial dysfunction. Our results indicate that inhibition of ER stress could be a novel therapeutic strategy to attenuate vascular dysfunction during cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Galán
- Department of Physiology, Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Modar Kassan
- Department of Physiology, Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Philip J Kadowitz
- Department of Physiology, Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Nanobioscience Constellation, College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York (SUNY), 257 Fuller Rd., Albany, NY 12203, USA
| | - Souad Belmadani
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia School of Medicine, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA
| | - Khalid Matrougui
- Department of Physiology, Hypertension and Renal Center of Excellence, Tulane University, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; Department of Physiological Sciences, Eastern Virginia School of Medicine, Norfolk, VA 23501, USA.
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Park E, Yu KH, Kim DK, Kim S, Sapkota K, Kim SJ, Kim CS, Chun HS. Protective effects of N-acetylcysteine against monosodium glutamate-induced astrocytic cell death. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 67:1-9. [PMID: 24556569 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer, largely used in the food industry and it was reported to have excitotoxic effects. Higher amounts of MSG consumption have been related with increased risk of many diseases, including Chinese restaurant syndrome and metabolic syndromes in human. This study investigated the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on MSG-induced cytotoxicity in C6 astrocytic cells. MSG (20 mM)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptotic cell death were significantly attenuated by NAC (500 μM) pretreatment. NAC effectively inhibited the MSG-induced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) loss and intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion. In addition, NAC significantly attenuated MSG-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, such as XBP1 splicing and CHOP, PERK, and GRP78 up-regulation. Furthermore, NAC prevented the changes of MSG-induced Bcl-2 expression level. These results suggest that NAC can protect C6 astrocytic cells against MSG-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euteum Park
- Department of Biotechnology, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Hwan Yu
- Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University School of Dentistry, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kim
- Department of Alternative Medicine, Gwangju University, Gwangju 503-703, Republic of Korea
| | - Kumar Sapkota
- Department of Biotechnology, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Central Department of Zoology, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sung-Jun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Sung Kim
- Oral Biology Research Institute, Chosun University School of Dentistry, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Sung Chun
- Department of Biotechnology, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Department of Life Science, Graduate School, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea.
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Yuan L, Lu CL, Wang Y, Li Y, Li XY. Ang (1-7) protects islet endothelial cells from palmitate-induced apoptosis by AKT, eNOS, p38 MAPK, and JNK pathways. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:391476. [PMID: 24804268 PMCID: PMC3996957 DOI: 10.1155/2014/391476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effect of angiotensin (1-7) (Ang (1-7)) on palmitate-induced apoptosis in islet endothelial cells and the mechanism of action. MS-1 cells were treated with palmitate in the presence or absence of Ang (1-7). The percentage of apoptotic cells was determined by DNA fragmentation and flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using a Reactive Oxygen Species Assay Kit. Expression of AKT, eNOS, C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 was detected by western blotting. Compared with palmitate treated group, palmitate-induced apoptosis was decreased in MS-1 cells which were preincubated with Ang (1-7) (P < 0.05). Palmitate decreased the phosphorylation of AKT and eNOS, and Ang (1-7) increased the phosphorylation of these kinases (P < 0.05), with a concomitant reduction in MS-1 cells apoptosis. Ang (1-7) also inhibited the palmitate-induced ROS production and attenuated the apoptosis-related signaling molecule JNK and p38 activation (all P < 0.05). PI3K/AKT, eNOS, p38 MAPK, and JNK inhibitors blocked the antilipoapoptosis of Ang (1-7) (all P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that Ang (1-7) reduces palmitate-induced islet endothelial cells apoptosis. AKT/eNOS/NO signaling and JNK and p38 pathway are involved in the Ang (1-7)-mediated modulation of islet endothelial cells lipoapoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- *Li Yuan:
| | - Chun-Li Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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Ritonavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir induce proteotoxic stress in acute myeloid leukemia cells and sensitize them for proteasome inhibitor treatment at low micromolar drug concentrations. Leuk Res 2013; 38:383-92. [PMID: 24418752 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein metabolism is an innovative potential therapeutic target for AML. Proteotoxic stress (PS) sensitizes malignant cells for proteasome inhibitor treatment. Some HIV protease inhibitors (HIV-PI) induce PS and may therefore be combined with proteasome inhibitors to achieve PS-targeted therapy of AML. METHODS We investigated the effects of all nine approved HIV-PI alone and in combination with proteasome inhibitors on AML cell lines and primary cells in vitro. RESULTS Ritonavir induced cytotoxicity and PS at clinically achievable concentrations, and induced synergistic PS-triggered apoptosis with bortezomib. Saquinavir, nelfinavir and lopinavir were likewise cytotoxic against primary AML cells, triggered PS-induced apoptosis, inhibited AKT-phosphorylation and showed synergistic cytotoxicity with bortezomib and carfilzomib at low micromolar concentrations. Exclusively nelfinavir inhibited intracellular proteasome activity, including the β2 proteasome activity that is not targeted by bortezomib/carfilzomib. CONCLUSIONS Of the nine currently approved HIV-PI, ritonavir, saquinavir, nelfinavir and lopinavir can sensitize AML primary cells for proteasome inhibitor treatment at low micromolar concentrations and may therefore be tested clinically toward a proteotoxic stress targeted therapy of AML.
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Brozovic A, Vuković L, Polančac DS, Arany I, Köberle B, Fritz G, Fiket Ž, Majhen D, Ambriović-Ristov A, Osmak M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress is involved in the response of human laryngeal carcinoma cells to Carboplatin but is absent in Carboplatin-resistant cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76397. [PMID: 24086737 PMCID: PMC3781097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major obstacle of successful tumor treatment with carboplatin (CBP) is the development of drug resistance. In the present study, we found that following treatment with CBP the amount of platinum which enters the human laryngeal carcinoma (HEp2)-derived CBP-resistant (7T) cells is reduced relative to the parental HEp2. As a consequence, the formation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) is reduced, the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is diminished, the amount of inter- and intrastrand cross-links is lower, and the induction of apoptosis is depressed. In HEp2 cells, ROS scavenger tempol, inhibitor of ER stress salubrinal, as well as gene silencing of ER stress marker CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (CHOP) increases their survival and renders them as resistant to CBP as 7T cell subline but did not influence the survival of 7T cells. Our results suggest that in HEp2 cells CBP-induced ROS is a stimulus for ER stress. To the contrary, despite the ability of CBP to induce formation of ROS and activate ER stress in 7T cells, the cell death mechanism in 7T cells is independent of ROS induction and activation of ER stress. The novel signaling pathway of CBP-driven toxicity that was found in the HEp2 cell line, i.e. increased ROS formation and induction of ER stress, may be predictive for therapeutic response of epithelial cancer cells to CBP-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamaria Brozovic
- Division Of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
- * E-mail:
| | - Lidija Vuković
- Division Of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Istvan Arany
- Department Of Pediatrics, University Of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Beate Köberle
- Institute For Toxicology, University Medical Centre Of The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gerhard Fritz
- Institute For Toxicology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Željka Fiket
- Division For Marine And Environmental Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Division Of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Maja Osmak
- Division Of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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Zhang J, Tang J, Cao B, Zhang Z, Li J, Schimmer AD, He S, Mao X. The natural pesticide dihydrorotenone induces human plasma cell apoptosis by triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating p38 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69911. [PMID: 23922854 PMCID: PMC3724796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydrorotenone (DHR) is a natural pesticide widely used in farming industry, such as organic produces. DHR is a potent mitochondrial inhibitor and probably induces Parkinsonian syndrome, however, it is not known whether DHR is toxic to other systems. In the present study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of DHR on human plasma cells. As predicted, DHR impaired mitochondrial function by decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential in plasma cells. Because mito-dysfunction leads to unfolded protein response (UPR) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, we examined the signature proteins in ER stress, including GRP78, ATF4, and CHOP. After DHR treatment, these proteins were significantly upregulated. It is reported that activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and JNK are involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, in the subsequent study, DHR was found to activate p38 but not the JNK signaling. When pre-treated with p38 inhibitor SB203580, activation of p38 and cell apoptosis induced by DHR was partially blocked. Thus, we found that DHR induced human plasma cell death by activating the p38 but not the JNK signaling pathway. Because plasma cells are very important in the immune system, this study provided a new insight in the safety evaluation of DHR application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Biyin Cao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zubin Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Aaron D. Schimmer
- Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sudan He
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinliang Mao
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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High levels of CD2 expression identify HIV-1 latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells in virally suppressed subjects. J Virol 2013; 87:9148-58. [PMID: 23760244 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01297-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resting memory CD4(+) T cells are the largest reservoir of persistent infection in HIV-1-positive subjects. They harbor dormant, stably integrated virus despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy, posing an obstacle to a cure. Surface markers that identify latently infected cells remain unknown. Microarray analyses comparing resting latently infected and uninfected CD4(+) T cells generated in vitro showed profound differences in the expression of gene programs related to transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation, cell proliferation, survival, cycle progression, and basic metabolism, suggesting that multiple biochemical and metabolic blocks contribute to preventing viral production in latently infected cells. We identified 33 transcripts encoding cell surface markers that are differentially expressed between latently infected and uninfected cells. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-QPCR) and flow cytometry analyses confirmed that the surface marker CD2 was expressed at higher levels on latently infected cells. To validate this result in vivo, we sorted resting memory CD4(+) T cells expressing high and low surface levels of CD2 from six HIV-1-infected subjects successfully treated with antiretroviral drugs for at least 3 years. Resting memory CD4(+) CD2(high) T cells from all subjects harbored higher HIV-1 DNA copy numbers than all other CD4(+) T cell subsets. Moreover, after ex vivo viral reactivation, robust viral RNA production was detected only from resting memory CD4(+) CD2(high) T cells but not from other cell subsets. Altogether, these results show that a high CD2 expression level is a hallmark of latently infected resting memory CD4(+) T cells in vivo.
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Park GB, Choi Y, Kim YS, Lee HK, Kim D, Hur DY. ROS and ERK1/2-mediated caspase-9 activation increases XAF1 expression in dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of EBV-transformed B cells. Int J Oncol 2013; 43:29-38. [PMID: 23685456 PMCID: PMC3742161 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) inhibits the growth of diverse types of cancer cells and is utilized clinically for the therapy of hematological malignancies. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of Dex action in the apoptosis of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells. We showed that Dex inhibited the proliferation of EBV-transformed B cells and induced apoptosis by activating caspase-9, -3 and -8. While activation of caspase-9 was triggered as early as 2 h after Dex treatment, cleavage of caspase-8 was deferred and was found 8 h after the exposure. Dex-dependent activation of caspase-8 was blocked by the specific caspase-9 inhibitor, z-LEHD-fmk. Moreover, Dex significantly increased the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) and induced the translocation of XAF1 into the cytosol. Cytosolic XAF1 with Puma induced the translocation of Bax into mitochondria. Dex led to up-regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 after the exposure. We speculated that ROS generation might be the first event of Dex-induced apoptosis because ROS inhibitor NAC abrogated ROS production and ERK1/2 activation, but PD98059 did not block ROS production. NAC and PD98059 also suppressed the translocation of XAF1, Puma and Bax into mitochondria. These results demonstrated that Dex-mediated activation of caspase-9 via ROS generation and ERK1/2 pathway activation resulted in the activation of caspase-8 and the increment of XAF1, thereby induced apoptosis of EBV-transformed B cells. These findings suggest that Dex constitutes a probable therapy for EBV-associated hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ga Bin Park
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Tumor Immunology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
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Schönthal AH. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy. SCIENTIFICA 2012; 2012:857516. [PMID: 24278747 PMCID: PMC3820435 DOI: 10.6064/2012/857516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 11/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a multifunctional organelle required for lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and protein folding and processing. A number of physiological and pathological conditions, as well as a variety of pharmacological agents, are able to disturb proper ER function and thereby cause ER stress, which severely impairs protein folding and therefore poses the risk of proteotoxicity. Specific triggers for ER stress include, for example, particular intracellular alterations (e.g., calcium or redox imbalances), certain microenvironmental conditions (e.g., hypoglycemia, hypoxia, and acidosis), high-fat and high-sugar diet, a variety of natural compounds (e.g., thapsigargin, tunicamycin, and geldanamycin), and several prescription drugs (e.g., bortezomib/Velcade, celecoxib/Celebrex, and nelfinavir/Viracept). The cell reacts to ER stress by initiating a defensive process, called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is comprised of cellular mechanisms aimed at adaptation and safeguarding cellular survival or, in cases of excessively severe stress, at initiation of apoptosis and elimination of the faulty cell. In recent years, this dichotomic stress response system has been linked to several human diseases, and efforts are underway to develop approaches to exploit ER stress mechanisms for therapy. For example, obesity and type 2 diabetes have been linked to ER stress-induced failure of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, and current research efforts are aimed at developing drugs that ameliorate cellular stress and thereby protect beta cell function. Other studies seek to pharmacologically aggravate chronic ER stress in cancer cells in order to enhance apoptosis and achieve tumor cell death. In the following, these principles will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel H. Schönthal
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2011 Zonal Avenue, HMR-405, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Ebstein F, Kloetzel PM, Krüger E, Seifert U. Emerging roles of immunoproteasomes beyond MHC class I antigen processing. Cell Mol Life Sci 2012; 69:2543-58. [PMID: 22382925 PMCID: PMC11114860 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-0938-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The proteasome is a multi-catalytic protein complex whose primary function is the degradation of abnormal or foreign proteins. Upon exposure of cells to interferons (IFNs), the β1i/LMP2, β2i/MECL-1, and β5i/LMP7 subunits are induced and incorporated into newly synthesized immunoproteasomes (IP), which are thought to function solely as critical players in the optimization of the CD8(+) T-cell response. However, the observation that IP are present in several non-immune tissues under normal conditions and/or following pathological events militates against the view that its role is limited to MHC class I presentation. In support of this concept, the recent use of genetic models deficient for β1i/LMP2, β2i/MECL-1, or β5i/LMP7 has uncovered unanticipated functions for IP in innate immunity and non-immune processes. Herein, we review recent data in an attempt to clarify the role of IP beyond MHC class I epitope presentation with emphasis on its involvement in the regulation of protein homeostasis, cell proliferation, and cytokine gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Ebstein
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus CVK, Oudenarderstr.16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter-Michael Kloetzel
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus CVK, Oudenarderstr.16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Krüger
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus CVK, Oudenarderstr.16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrike Seifert
- Institut für Biochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus CVK, Oudenarderstr.16, 13347 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Molekulare und Klinische Immunologie, Medizinische Fakultät, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Lee GH, Kim HR, Chae HJ. Bax inhibitor-1 regulates the expression of P450 2E1 through enhanced lysosome activity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:600-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2011.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is an important self-defense mechanism of the cell. ERS initially activates survival pathway, but sustained ERS will induce apoptosis. ERS and apoptosis induced by ERS are involved in the pathogenesis of many liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, alcohol-induced liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, drug-induced liver disease, acute hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is of important theoretical and practical significance for curing liver diseases to find some new drugs targeting ERS-induced apoptosis. The present review will discuss the survival and death pathways mediated by ERS, the role of ERS in the pathogenesis of hepatic diseases, and therapeutic interventions for these diseases.
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Kraskiewicz H, FitzGerald U. InterfERing with endoplasmic reticulum stress. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2011; 33:53-63. [PMID: 22112465 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Revised: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a recognized factor in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, diabetes, heart disease, liver disorders and cancer. Thus, drugs that interfere with ER stress have wide therapeutic potential. Here we review the effects of drugs on three arms of ER stress: the protein kinase RNA-activated (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK) arm, the activated transcription factor 6 (ATF6) arm and the inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) arm. Drugs fall into five groups: (i) compounds directly binding to ER stress molecules; (ii) chemical chaperones; (iii) inhibitors of protein degradation; (iv) antioxidants; (v) drugs affecting calcium signaling. Treatments are generally inhibitory and lead to increased viability, except when applied to cancer cells. A focus on interfering with the ATF6 arm is required, and more in vivo testing of these compounds concurrently across all three arms is needed if the full importance of ER stress to human disease is to be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honorata Kraskiewicz
- National Centre for Biomedical Engineering Science, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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