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Kow ASF, Khoo LW, Tan JW, Abas F, Lee MT, Israf DA, Shaari K, Tham CL. Clinacanthus nutans aqueous leaves extract exerts anti-allergic activity in preclinical anaphylactic models via alternative IgG pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 303:116003. [PMID: 36464074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Allergy is mediated by the crosslinking of immunoglobulins (Ig) -E or -G to their respective receptors, which degranulates mast cells, macrophages, basophils, or neutrophils, releasing allergy-causing mediators. The removal of these mediators such as histamine, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukins (ILs) released by effector cells will alleviate allergy. Clinacanthus nutans (C. nutans), an herbal plant in Southeast Asia, is used traditionally to treat skin rash, an allergic symptom. Previously, we have reported that C. nutans aqueous leaves extract (CNAE) was able to suppress the release of β-hexosaminidase and histamine but not interleukin-4 (IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the IgE-induced mast cell degranulation model at 5 mg/mL and above. We also found that CNAE could protect rats against ovalbumin-challenged active systemic anaphylaxis (OVA-ASA) through the downregulation and upregulation of certain metabolites using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) metabolomics approach. AIM OF THE STUDY As allergy could be mediated by both IgE and IgG, we further evaluated the anti-allergy potential of CNAE in both in vitro model of IgG-induced macrophage activation and in vivo anaphylaxis models to further dissect the mechanism of action underlying the anti-allergic properties of CNAE. MATERIAL & METHODS The anti-allergy potential of CNAE was evaluated in in vivo anaphylaxis models of ovalbumin-challenged active systemic anaphylaxis (OVA-ASA) and IgE-challenged passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) using Sprague Dawley rats as well as IgG-challenged passive systemic anaphylaxis (IgG-PSA) using C57BL/6 mice. Meanwhile, in vitro model of IgG-induced macrophage activation model was performed using IC-21 macrophages. The release of soluble mediators from both IgE and IgG-mediated pathways were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The signaling molecules targeted by CNAE were identified by performing Western blot. RESULTS IgG, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and IL-6 was suppressed by CNAE in OVA-ASA, but not IgE. In addition, CNAE significantly suppressed PAF and IL-6 in IgG-PSA but did not suppress histamine, IL-4 and leukotrienes C4 (LTC4) in IgE-PSA. CNAE also inhibited IL-6 and TNF-α by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in the IgG-induced macrophage activation model. CONCLUSION Overall, our findings supported that CNAE exerts its anti-allergic properties by suppressing the IgG pathway and its mediators by inhibiting ERK1/2 phosphorylation, thus providing scientific evidence supporting its traditional use in managing allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Siew Foong Kow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Leng Wei Khoo
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ji Wei Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia; Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Ming-Tatt Lee
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan.
| | - Daud Ahmad Israf
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Khozirah Shaari
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400, Malaysia.
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2
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Adhikari UK, Sakiz E, Zhou X, Habiba U, Kumar S, Mikhael M, Senesi M, Guang Li C, Guillemin GJ, Ooi L, David MA, Collins S, Karl T, Tayebi M. Cross-Linking Cellular Prion Protein Induces Neuronal Type 2-Like Hypersensitivity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:639008. [PMID: 34394070 PMCID: PMC8361482 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.639008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous reports identified proteins associated with ‘apoptosis’ following cross-linking PrPC with motif-specific anti-PrP antibodies in vivo and in vitro. The molecular mechanisms underlying this IgG-mediated neurotoxicity and the role of the activated proteins in the apoptotic pathways leading to neuronal death has not been properly defined. Previous reports implicated a number of proteins, including apolipoprotein E, cytoplasmic phospholipase A2, prostaglandin and calpain with anti-PrP antibody-mediated ‘apoptosis’, however, these proteins are also known to play an important role in allergy. In this study, we investigated whether cross-linking PrPC with anti-PrP antibodies stimulates a neuronal allergenic response. Methods Initially, we predicted the allergenicity of the epitope sequences associated with ‘neurotoxic’ anti-PrP antibodies using allergenicity prediction servers. We then investigated whether anti-PrP antibody treatment of mouse primary neurons (MPN), neuroblastoma cells (N2a) and microglia (N11) cell lines lead to a neuronal allergenic response. Results In-Silico studies showed that both tail- and globular-epitopes were allergenic. Specifically, binding regions that contain epitopes for previously reported ‘neurotoxic’ antibodies such as ICSM18 (146-159), ICSM35 (91-110), POM 1 (138-147) and POM 3 (95-100) lead to activation of allergenic related proteins. Following direct application of anti-PrPC antibodies on N2a cells, we identified 4 neuronal allergenic-related proteins when compared with untreated cells. Furthermore, we identified 8 neuronal allergenic-related proteins following treatment of N11 cells with anti-PrPC antibodies prior to co-culture with N2a cells when compared with untreated cells. Antibody treatment of MPN or MPN co-cultured with antibody-treated N11 led to identifying 10 and 7 allergenic-related proteins when compared with untreated cells. However, comparison with 3F4 antibody treatment revealed 5 and 4 allergenic-related proteins respectively. Of importance, we showed that the allergenic effects triggered by the anti-PrP antibodies were more potent when antibody-treated microglia were co-cultured with the neuroblastoma cell line. Finally, co-culture of N2a or MPN with N11-treated with anti-PrP antibodies resulted in significant accumulation of NO and IL6 but not TNF-α in the cell culture media supernatant. Conclusions This study showed for the first time that anti-PrP antibody binding to PrPC triggers a neuronal hypersensitivity response and highlights the important role of microglia in triggering an IgG-mediated neuronal hypersensitivity response. Moreover, this study provides an important impetus for including allergenic assessment of therapeutic antibodies for neurodegenerative disorders to derive safe and targeted biotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elif Sakiz
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Xian Zhou
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM) Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Umma Habiba
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Meena Mikhael
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Matteo Senesi
- Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- National Institute of Complementary Medicine (NICM) Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Steven Collins
- Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Karl
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia (NeuRA), Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mourad Tayebi
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
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3
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Kwon Y, Kim M, Kim Y, Jeong MS, Jung HS, Jeoung D. EGR3-HDAC6-IL-27 Axis Mediates Allergic Inflammation and Is Necessary for Tumorigenic Potential of Cancer Cells Enhanced by Allergic Inflammation-Promoted Cellular Interactions. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680441. [PMID: 34234781 PMCID: PMC8257050 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate mechanisms of allergic inflammation both in vitro and in vivo in details. For this, RNA sequencing was performed. Early growth response 3 gene (Egr3) was one of the most highly upregulated genes in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL2H3) cells stimulated by antigen. The role of Egr3 in allergic inflammation has not been studied extensively. Egr3 was necessary for passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) and passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA). Egr3 promoter sequences contained potential binding site for NF-κB p65. NF-κB p65 directly regulated Egr3 expression and mediated allergic inflammation in vitro. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) is known to be involved in allergic airway inflammation. HDAC6 promoter sequences contained potential binding site for EGR3. EGR3 showed binding to promoter sequences of HDAC6. EGR3 was necessary for increased expression of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in antigen-stimulated RBL2H3 cells. HDAC6 mediated allergic inflammation in vitro and PSA. TargetScan analysis predicted that miR-182-5p was a negative regulator of EGR3. Luciferase activity assay confirmed that miR-182-5p was a direct regulator of EGR3. MiR-182-5p mimic inhibited allergic inflammation both in vitro and in vivo. Cytokine array showed that HDAC6 was necessary for increased interleukin-27 (IL-27) expression in BALB/C mouse model of PSA. Antigen stimulation did not affect expression of EBI3, another subunit of IL-27 in RBL2H3 cells or BALB/C mouse model of PCA or PSA. IL-27 receptor alpha was shown to be able to bind to HDAC6. IL-27 p28 mediated allergic inflammation in vitro, PCA, and PSA. Mouse recombinant IL-27 protein promoted features of allergic inflammation in an antigen-independent manner. HDAC6 was necessary for tumorigenic and metastatic potential enhanced by PSA. PSA enhanced the metastatic potential of mouse melanoma B16F1 cells in an IL-27-dependent manner. Experiments employing culture medium and mouse recombinant IL-27 protein showed that IL-27 mediated and promoted cellular interactions involving B16F1 cells, lung macrophages, and mast cells during allergic inflammation. IL-27 was present in exosomes of antigen-stimulated RBL2H3 cells. Exosomes from antigen-stimulated RBL2H3 cells enhanced invasion of B16F1 melanoma cells in an IL-27-dependemt manner. These results present evidence that EGR3-HDAC6-IL-27 axis can regulate allergic inflammation by mediating cellular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoojung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Institute of New Frontier Research, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Myeong Seon Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Suk Jung
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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4
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The Alternate Pathway for BCR Signaling Induced by IL-4 Requires Lyn Tyrosine Kinase. J Mol Biol 2020; 433:166667. [PMID: 33058880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BCR signaling triggers a cascade of intracellular mediators that eventuates in transcription factor activation. Signaling is proximally mediated by Src family tyrosine kinases, the most abundant being Lyn. Key mediators are grouped together as the signalosome, and failure of any single member of this group leads to failure of signaling via this classical pathway. Recent work has revealed an alternate pathway for BCR signaling, in which signalosome elements are bypassed for downstream events such as ERK and PKCδ phosphorylation. This pathway is created by B cell treatment with IL-4 prior to BCR triggering. After IL-4 treatment, the alternate pathway for pERK operates in parallel with the classical pathway for pERK, whereas PKCδ phosphorylation is specific to the alternate pathway. Remarkably, Lyn is not required for B cell activation via the classical pathway; however, Lyn is indispensable and irreplaceable for B cell activation via the alternate pathway. Thus, Lyn operates at a branch point that determines the nature of the B cell response to BCR activation. The mechanism underlying the absolute dependence of alternate pathway signaling on Lyn is unknown. Here, our current understanding of receptor crosstalk between IL-4R and BCR is summarized along with several possible mechanisms for the role of Lyn in alternate pathway signaling. Further dissection of alternate pathway signaling and the role of Lyn is likely to provide important information relating to normal B cell responses, malignant B cell expansion, and generic principles relating to receptor interactions and crosstalk.
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5
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Paranjape A, Haque TT, Kiwanuka KN, Qayum AA, Barnstein BO, Finkelman FD, Nigrovic PA, Ryan JJ. The Fyn-Stat5 cascade is required for Fcγ receptor-mediated mast cell function. Cell Immunol 2020; 356:104134. [PMID: 32862025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells, well established effectors in allergic disease, can be activated by numerous stimuli. We previously found that the Fyn-Stat5B pathway is critical for FcεRI-stimulated mast cell function. Because IgG receptors employ similar signaling pathways, we investigated Fyn-Stat5B function downstream of FcγR. We report that FcγR elicits Fyn-dependent Stat5B tyrosine phosphorylation in mast cells. As we previously found for Fyn kinase, Stat5B is indispensable for IgG-mediated mast cell cytokine expression and secretion. However, Stat5B KO macrophages responded normally to FcγR signaling, indicating a lineage-restricted role for Stat5B. This was consistent in vivo, since passive FcγR activation induced anaphylaxis in a macrophage-dominated response even when Stat5B was deleted. We further investigated this lineage restriction using the K/BxN model of inflammatory arthritis. This model exhibits a rapid and transient mast cell-dependent joint inflammation followed days later by a macrophage- and neutrophil-dependent response. Consistent with our hypothesis, Fyn or Stat5B deficiency did not protect mice from late joint swelling, but greatly reduced the early mast cell-dependent response. This was associated with decreased joint and plasma histamine. We conclude that Fyn-Stat5B is a linage-restricted pathway critical for IgG-mediated mast cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA
| | - Tamara T Haque
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA
| | - Kasalina N Kiwanuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980614, Richmond, VA 23298-0614, USA
| | - Amina Abdul Qayum
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 980678, Richmond, VA 23298-0678, USA
| | - Brian O Barnstein
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842012, Richmond, VA 23284-2012, USA
| | - Fred D Finkelman
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842012, Richmond, VA 23284-2012, USA.
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6
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FcεRI-HDAC3-MCP1 Signaling Axis Promotes Passive Anaphylaxis Mediated by Cellular Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194964. [PMID: 31597362 PMCID: PMC6801807 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaphylaxis is an acute and life-threatening systemic reaction. Food, drug, aero-allergen and insect sting are known to induce anaphylaxis. Mast cells and basophils are known to mediate Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent anaphylaxis, while macrophages, neutrophils and basophils mediate non IgE-dependent anaphylaxis. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play various roles in biological processes by deacetylating histones and non-histones proteins. HDAC inhibitors can increase the acetylation of target proteins and affect various inflammatory diseases such as cancers and allergic diseases. HDAC3, a class I HDAC, is known to act as epigenetic and transcriptional regulators. It has been shown that HDAC3 can interact with the high-affinity Immunoglobulin E receptor (FcεRI), to mediate passive anaphylaxis and cellular interactions during passive anaphylaxis. Effects of HDAC3 on anaphylaxis, cellular interactions involving mast cells and macrophages during anaphylaxis, and any tumorigenic potential of cancer cells enhanced by mast cells will be discussed in this review. Roles of microRNAs that form negative feedback loops with hallmarks of anaphylaxis such as HDAC3 in anaphylaxis and cellular interactions will also be discussed. The roles of MCP1 regulated by HDAC3 in cellular interactions during anaphylaxis are discussed. Roles of exosomes in cellular interactions mediated by HDAC3 during anaphylaxis are also discussed. Thus, review might provide clues for development of drugs targeting passive anaphylaxis.
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7
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Kow ASF, Chik A, Soo KM, Khoo LW, Abas F, Tham CL. Identification of Soluble Mediators in IgG-Mediated Anaphylaxis via Fcγ Receptor: A Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2019; 10:190. [PMID: 30809224 PMCID: PMC6379333 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Anaphylaxis is an acute and life-threatening allergic response. Classically and most commonly, it can be mediated by the crosslinking of allergens to immunoglobulin E (IgE)- high affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) complex found mostly on mast cells. However, there is another pathway of anaphylaxis that is less well-studied. This pathway known as the alternative pathway is mediated by IgG and its Fc gamma receptor (Fcγ). Though it was not documented in human anaphylaxis, a few studies have found that IgG-mediated anaphylaxis can happen as demonstrated in rodent models of anaphylaxis. In these studies, a variety of soluble mediators were being evaluated and they differ from each study which causes confusion in the suitability, and reliability of choice of soluble mediators to be analyzed for diagnosis or therapeutic purposes. Hence, the objective of this meta-analysis is to identify the potential soluble mediators that are involved in an IgG-mediated anaphylaxis reaction. Methods: Studies related to IgG-mediated anaphylaxis were sourced from five search engines namely PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Center for Agricultural Bioscience International (CABI) regardless of publication year. Relevant studies were then reviewed based on specific inclusion factors. The means and standard deviations of each soluble mediator studied were then extracted using ImageJ or Get Data Graph Digitiser software and the data were subjected to meta-analysis. Results: From our findings, we found that histamine, serotonin, platelet activating factor (PAF), β-hexosaminidase, leukotriene C4 (LTC4), mucosal mast cell protease-1 (MMCP-1), interleukins (IL)-4,−6, and−13; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) were often being analyzed. Out of these soluble mediators, histamine, PAF, β-hexosaminidase, IL-6, and−13, MIP-1α and TNF-α were more significant with positive effect size and p < 0.001. As study effect was relatively small, we performed publication bias and found that there was publication bias and this could be due to the small sample size studied. Conclusion: As such, we proposed that through meta-analysis, the potential soluble mediators involved in rodent IgG-mediated anaphylaxis to be histamine, PAF, β-hexosaminidase, IL-6 and−13 and MIP-1α, and TNF-α but will require further studies with larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Siew Foong Kow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Azirah Chik
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kuan-Meng Soo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Leng Wei Khoo
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chau Ling Tham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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8
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Mukai K, Tsai M, Saito H, Galli SJ. Mast cells as sources of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors. Immunol Rev 2019; 282:121-150. [PMID: 29431212 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 451] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are hematopoietic cells that reside in virtually all vascularized tissues and that represent potential sources of a wide variety of biologically active secreted products, including diverse cytokines and growth factors. There is strong evidence for important non-redundant roles of mast cells in many types of innate or adaptive immune responses, including making important contributions to immediate and chronic IgE-associated allergic disorders and enhancing host resistance to certain venoms and parasites. However, mast cells have been proposed to influence many other biological processes, including responses to bacteria and virus, angiogenesis, wound healing, fibrosis, autoimmune and metabolic disorders, and cancer. The potential functions of mast cells in many of these settings is thought to reflect their ability to secrete, upon appropriate activation by a range of immune or non-immune stimuli, a broad spectrum of cytokines (including many chemokines) and growth factors, with potential autocrine, paracrine, local, and systemic effects. In this review, we summarize the evidence indicating which cytokines and growth factors can be produced by various populations of rodent and human mast cells in response to particular immune or non-immune stimuli, and comment on the proven or potential roles of such mast cell products in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Mukai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mindy Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health & Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stephen J Galli
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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9
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Caslin HL, Kiwanuka KN, Haque TT, Taruselli MT, MacKnight HP, Paranjape A, Ryan JJ. Controlling Mast Cell Activation and Homeostasis: Work Influenced by Bill Paul That Continues Today. Front Immunol 2018; 9:868. [PMID: 29755466 PMCID: PMC5932183 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are tissue resident, innate immune cells with heterogenous phenotypes tuned by cytokines and other microenvironmental stimuli. Playing a protective role in parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections, mast cells are also known for their role in the pathogenesis of allergy, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. Here, we review factors controlling mast cell activation, with a focus on receptor signaling and potential therapies for allergic disease. Specifically, we will discuss our work with FcεRI and FγR signaling, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β1 treatment, and Stat5. We conclude with potential therapeutics for allergic disease. Much of these efforts have been influenced by the work of Bill Paul. With many mechanistic targets for mast cell activation and different classes of therapeutics being studied, there is reason to be hopeful for continued clinical progress in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather L Caslin
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kasalina N Kiwanuka
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Tamara T Haque
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Marcela T Taruselli
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - H Patrick MacKnight
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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10
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Mkaddem SB, Murua A, Flament H, Titeca-Beauport D, Bounaix C, Danelli L, Launay P, Benhamou M, Blank U, Daugas E, Charles N, Monteiro RC. Lyn and Fyn function as molecular switches that control immunoreceptors to direct homeostasis or inflammation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:246. [PMID: 28811476 PMCID: PMC5557797 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-00294-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoreceptors can transduce either inhibitory or activatory signals depending on ligand avidity and phosphorylation status, which is modulated by the protein kinases Lyn and Fyn. Here we show that Lyn and Fyn control immune receptor signaling status. SHP-1 tyrosine 536 phosphorylation by Lyn activates the phosphatase promoting inhibitory signaling through the immunoreceptor. By contrast, Fyn-dependent phosphorylation of SHP-1 serine 591 inactivates the phosphatase, enabling activatory immunoreceptor signaling. These SHP-1 signatures are relevant in vivo, as Lyn deficiency exacerbates nephritis and arthritis in mice, whereas Fyn deficiency is protective. Similarly, Fyn-activating signature is detected in patients with lupus nephritis, underlining the importance of this Lyn-Fyn balance. These data show how receptors discriminate negative from positive signals that respectively result in homeostatic or inflammatory conditions.Src-family kinases Fyn and Lyn are signaling components downstream of ITAM-bearing antigen receptors. Here the authors show that by phosphorylating SHP-1 at different residues, Lyn and Fyn can have opposing regulatory effects on ITAM receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Ben Mkaddem
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France.
| | - Amaya Murua
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Héloise Flament
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
- Service d'Immunologie, DHU Fire, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Dimitri Titeca-Beauport
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Carine Bounaix
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Luca Danelli
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Launay
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Marc Benhamou
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Eric Daugas
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
- Service de Néphrologie, DHU Fire, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Charles
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France
| | - Renato C Monteiro
- INSERM U1149, Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation, Paris, France.
- CNRS ERL8252, Paris, France.
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Site Xavier Bichat, Paris, France.
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence, Paris, France.
- Service d'Immunologie, DHU Fire, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, Assistance Publique de Paris, Paris, France.
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11
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Kolawole EM, McLeod JJA, Ndaw V, Abebayehu D, Barnstein BO, Faber T, Spence AJ, Taruselli M, Paranjape A, Haque TT, Qayum AA, Kazmi QA, Wijesinghe DS, Sturgill JL, Chalfant CE, Straus DB, Oskeritzian CA, Ryan JJ. Fluvastatin Suppresses Mast Cell and Basophil IgE Responses: Genotype-Dependent Effects. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1461-70. [PMID: 26773154 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mast cell (MC)- and basophil-associated inflammatory diseases are a considerable burden to society. A significant portion of patients have symptoms despite standard-of-care therapy. Statins, used to lower serum cholesterol, have immune-modulating activities. We tested the in vitro and in vivo effects of statins on IgE-mediated MC and basophil activation. Fluvastatin showed the most significant inhibitory effects of the six statins tested, suppressing IgE-induced cytokine secretion among mouse MCs and basophils. The effects of fluvastatin were reversed by mevalonic acid or geranylgeranyl pyrophosphatase, and mimicked by geranylgeranyl transferase inhibition. Fluvastatin selectively suppressed key FcεRI signaling pathways, including Akt and ERK. Although MCs and basophils from the C57BL/6J mouse strain were responsive to fluvastatin, those from 129/SvImJ mice were completely resistant. Resistance correlated with fluvastatin-induced upregulation of the statin target HMG-CoA reductase. Human MC cultures from eight donors showed a wide range of fluvastatin responsiveness. These data demonstrate that fluvastatin is a potent suppressor of IgE-mediated MC activation, acting at least partly via blockade of geranyl lipid production downstream of HMG-CoA reductase. Importantly, consideration of statin use for treating MC-associated disease needs to incorporate genetic background effects, which can yield drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Ndaw
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Brian O Barnstein
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Travis Faber
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Andrew J Spence
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Marcela Taruselli
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Tamara T Haque
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Amina A Qayum
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Qasim A Kazmi
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | | | - Jamie L Sturgill
- Department of Family and Community Health, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA 23298
| | - Charles E Chalfant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298; Research and Development, Hunter Holmes McGuire Veterans Administration Medical Center, Richmond, VA 23249; VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298; Virginia Commonwealth University Institute of Molecular Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298; and
| | - David B Straus
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284;
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12
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Sphingosine-1-Phosphate/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Axis Can Promote Mouse and Human Primary Mast Cell Angiogenic Potential through Upregulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-A and Matrix Metalloproteinase-2. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:1503206. [PMID: 26884643 PMCID: PMC4738939 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1503206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells (MC) are present in most vascularized tissues around the vasculature likely exerting immunomodulatory functions. Endowed with diverse mediators, resident MC represent first-line fine-tuners of local microenvironment. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) functions as a pluripotent signaling sphingolipid metabolite in health and disease. S1P formation occurs at low levels in resting MC and is upregulated upon activation. Its export can result in type 2 S1P receptor- (S1PR2-) mediated stimulation of MC, further fueling inflammation. However, the role of S1PR2 ligation in proangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) A and matrix metalloproteinase- (MMP-) 2 release from MC is unknown. Using a preclinical MC-dependent model of acute allergic responses and in vitro stimulated primary mouse bone marrow-derived MC (BMMC) or human primary skin MC, we report that S1P signaling resulted in substantial amount of VEGF-A release. Similar experiments using S1pr2-deficient mice or BMMC or selective S1P receptor agonists or antagonists demonstrated that S1P/S1PR2 ligation on MC is important for VEGF-A secretion. Further, we show that S1P stimulation triggered transcriptional upregulation of VEGF-A and MMP-2 mRNA in human but not in mouse MC. S1P exposure also triggered MMP-2 secretion from human MC. These studies identify a novel proangiogenic axis encompassing MC/S1P/S1PR2 likely relevant to inflammation.
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13
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Daëron M. Innate myeloid cells under the control of adaptive immunity: the example of mast cells and basophils. Curr Opin Immunol 2015; 38:101-8. [PMID: 26745401 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells and basophils are mostly known as the initiators of IgE-dependent allergic reactions. They, however, contribute to innate immunity against pathogens and venoms. Like other myeloid cells, they also express receptors for the Fc portion of IgG antibodies. These include activating receptors and inhibitory receptors. Because IgG antibodies are produced in exceedingly higher amounts than IgE antibodies, IgG receptors are co-engaged with IgE receptors under physiological conditions. Mast cells and basophils are examples of the many innate myeloid cells whose effector functions are used and finely tuned by antibodies. They can be thus enrolled in a variety of adaptive immune responses, their activation can be regulated, positively and negatively and their biological responses can be modulated qualitatively by antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Daëron
- Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France; Centre d'immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université Aix Marseille UM2, Inserm U1104, CNRS UMR7280, 13288 Marseille, France.
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14
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McLeod JJA, Baker B, Ryan JJ. Mast cell production and response to IL-4 and IL-13. Cytokine 2015; 75:57-61. [PMID: 26088754 PMCID: PMC4532630 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
IL-4 was identified as the first cytokine to be produced by mast cells and is responsible for promoting mast cell IL-13 production. IL-4 and IL-13 play a prominent role in stimulating and maintaining the allergic response. As closely related genes, IL-4 and IL-13 share a common receptor subunit, IL-4Rα, necessary for signaling. Here we summarize the literature on mast cell activation associated with IL-4 and IL-13 production, including downstream signaling. We also describe the positive and negative roles each cytokine plays in mast cell immunity and detail the differences that exist between mouse and human mast cell responses to IL-4 and IL-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie J A McLeod
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23284, United States.
| | - Bianca Baker
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23284, United States
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA 23284, United States
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15
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16
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17
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Register AC, Leonard SE, Maly DJ. SH2-catalytic domain linker heterogeneity influences allosteric coupling across the SFK family. Biochemistry 2014; 53:6910-23. [PMID: 25302671 PMCID: PMC4230323 DOI: 10.1021/bi5008194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Src-family
kinases (SFKs) make up a family of nine homologous multidomain
tyrosine kinases whose misregulation is responsible for human disease
(cancer, diabetes, inflammation, etc.). Despite overall sequence homology
and identical domain architecture, differences in SH3 and SH2 regulatory
domain accessibility and ability to allosterically autoinhibit the
ATP-binding site have been observed for the prototypical SFKs Src
and Hck. Biochemical and structural studies indicate that the SH2-catalytic
domain (SH2-CD) linker, the intramolecular binding epitope for SFK
SH3 domains, is responsible for allosterically coupling SH3 domain
engagement to autoinhibition of the ATP-binding site through the conformation
of the αC helix. As a relatively unconserved region between
SFK family members, SH2-CD linker sequence variability across the
SFK family is likely a source of nonredundant cellular functions between
individual SFKs via its effect on the availability of SH3 and SH2
domains for intermolecular interactions and post-translational modification.
Using a combination of SFKs engineered with enhanced or weakened regulatory
domain intramolecular interactions and conformation-selective inhibitors
that report αC helix conformation, this study explores how SH2-CD
sequence heterogeneity affects allosteric coupling across the SFK
family by examining Lyn, Fyn1, and Fyn2. Analyses of Fyn1 and Fyn2,
isoforms that are identical but for a 50-residue sequence spanning
the SH2-CD linker, demonstrate that SH2-CD linker sequence differences
can have profound effects on allosteric coupling between otherwise
identical kinases. Most notably, a dampened allosteric connection
between the SH3 domain and αC helix leads to greater autoinhibitory
phosphorylation by Csk, illustrating the complex effects of SH2-CD
linker sequence on cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Register
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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18
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Nabe T, Matsuya K, Akamizu K, Fujita M, Nakagawa T, Shioe M, Kida H, Takiguchi A, Wakamori H, Fujii M, Ishihara K, Akiba S, Mizutani N, Yoshino S, Chaplin DD. Roles of basophils and mast cells infiltrating the lung by multiple antigen challenges in asthmatic responses of mice. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 169:462-76. [PMID: 23472967 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Mast cell hyperplasia has been observed in the lungs of mice with experimental asthma, but few reports have studied basophils. Here, we attempted to discriminate and quantify mast cells and basophils in the lungs in a murine asthma model, determine if both cells were increased by multiple antigen challenges and assess the roles of those cells in asthmatic responses. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Sensitized Balb/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin four times. Mast cells and basophils in enzymatically digested lung tissue were detected by flow cytometry. An anti-FcεRI monoclonal antibody, MAR-1, was i.p. administered during the multiple challenges. KEY RESULTS The numbers of both mast cells (IgE(+) C-kit(+) ) and basophils (IgE(+) C-kit(-) CD49b(+) ) increased in the lungs after three challenges. Treatment with MAR-1 completely abolished the increases; however, a late-phase increase in specific airway resistance (sRaw), and airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia were not affected by the treatment, although the early-phase increase in sRaw was suppressed. MAR-1 reduced antigen-induced airway IL-4 production. Basophils infiltrating the lung clearly produced IL-4 after antigen stimulation in vitro; however, histamine and murine mast cell protease 1 were not increased in the serum after the challenge, indicating that mast cell activation was not evoked. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Both mast cells and basophils infiltrated the lungs by multiple intratracheal antigen challenges in sensitized mice. Neither mast cells nor basophils were involved in late-phase airway obstruction, although early-phase obstruction was mediated by basophils. Targeting basophils in asthma therapy may be useful for an early asthmatic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan.
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da Silva EZM, Jamur MC, Oliver C. Mast cell function: a new vision of an old cell. J Histochem Cytochem 2014; 62:698-738. [PMID: 25062998 PMCID: PMC4230976 DOI: 10.1369/0022155414545334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Since first described by Paul Ehrlich in 1878, mast cells have been mostly viewed as effectors of allergy. It has been only in the past two decades that mast cells have gained recognition for their involvement in other physiological and pathological processes. Mast cells have a widespread distribution and are found predominantly at the interface between the host and the external environment. Mast cell maturation, phenotype and function are a direct consequence of the local microenvironment and have a marked influence on their ability to specifically recognize and respond to various stimuli through the release of an array of biologically active mediators. These features enable mast cells to act as both first responders in harmful situations as well as to respond to changes in their environment by communicating with a variety of other cells implicated in physiological and immunological responses. Therefore, the critical role of mast cells in both innate and adaptive immunity, including immune tolerance, has gained increased prominence. Conversely, mast cell dysfunction has pointed to these cells as the main offenders in several chronic allergic/inflammatory disorders, cancer and autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the current knowledge of mast cell function in both normal and pathological conditions with regards to their regulation, phenotype and role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Zayas Marcelino da Silva
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
| | - Maria Célia Jamur
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
| | - Constance Oliver
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil (EZMDS, MCJ, CO)
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20
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Kovács M, Németh T, Jakus Z, Sitaru C, Simon E, Futosi K, Botz B, Helyes Z, Lowell CA, Mócsai A. The Src family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn are critical for the generation of the in vivo inflammatory environment without a direct role in leukocyte recruitment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1993-2011. [PMID: 25225462 PMCID: PMC4172222 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20132496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Kovács et al. examine the role of the Src family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn in immune cell–mediated inflammation. Using arthritis and skin inflammation models, the authors show that mice lacking hematopoietic Hck, Fgr, and Lyn are protected from these inflammatory diseases, showing loss of myeloid cell recruitment and lack of inflammatory mediator production. Unexpectedly, the three kinases are dispensable for the intrinsic migratory ability of myeloid cells. These finding may have clinical implications in rheumatic and skin diseases. Although Src family kinases participate in leukocyte function in vitro, such as integrin signal transduction, their role in inflammation in vivo is poorly understood. We show that Src family kinases play a critical role in myeloid cell–mediated in vivo inflammatory reactions. Mice lacking the Src family kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn in the hematopoietic compartment were completely protected from autoantibody-induced arthritis and skin blistering disease, as well as from the reverse passive Arthus reaction, with functional overlap between the three kinases. Though the overall phenotype resembled the leukocyte recruitment defect observed in β2 integrin–deficient (CD18−/−) mice, Hck−/−Fgr−/−Lyn−/− neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages had no cell-autonomous in vivo or in vitro migration defect. Instead, Src family kinases were required for the generation of the inflammatory environment in vivo and for the release of proinflammatory mediators from neutrophils and macrophages in vitro, likely due to their role in Fcγ receptor signal transduction. Our results suggest that infiltrating myeloid cells release proinflammatory chemokine, cytokine, and lipid mediators that attract further neutrophils and monocytes from the circulation in a CD18-dependent manner. Src family kinases are required for the generation of the inflammatory environment but not for the intrinsic migratory ability of myeloid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Kovács
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, and MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Németh
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, and MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Jakus
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, and MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Cassian Sitaru
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Freiburg and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Edina Simon
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, and MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Futosi
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Bálint Botz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, and János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, and János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, and János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, and János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Clifford A Lowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143
| | - Attila Mócsai
- Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University School of Medicine, 1094 Budapest, Hungary MTA-SE "Lendület" Inflammation Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, and MTA-SE "Lendület" Lymphatic Physiology Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences and the Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Sibilano R, Frossi B, Pucillo CE. Mast cell activation: a complex interplay of positive and negative signaling pathways. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2558-66. [PMID: 25066089 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells regulate the immunological responses causing allergy and autoimmunity, and contribute to the tumor microenvironment through generation and secretion of a broad array of preformed, granule-stored and de novo synthesized bioactive compounds. The release and production of mast cell mediators is the result of a coordinated signaling machinery, followed by the FcεRI and FcγR antigen ligation. In this review, we present the latest understanding of FcεRI and FcγR signaling, required for the canonical mast cell activation during allergic responses and anaphylaxis. We then describe the cooperation between the signaling of FcR and other recently characterized membrane-bound receptors (i.e., IL-33R and thymic stromal lymphopoietin receptor) and their role in the chronic settings, where mast cell activation is crucial for the development and the sustainment of chronic diseases, such as asthma or airway inflammation. Finally, we report how the FcR activation could be used as a therapeutic approach to treat allergic and atopic diseases by mast cell inactivation. Understanding the magnitude and the complexity of mast cell signaling is necessary to identify the mechanisms underlying the potential effector and regulatory roles of mast cells in the biology and pathology of those disease settings in which mast cells are activated.
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22
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Eom S, Kim Y, Park D, Lee H, Lee YS, Choe J, Kim YM, Jeoung D. Histone deacetylase-3 mediates positive feedback relationship between anaphylaxis and tumor metastasis. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:12126-12144. [PMID: 24619412 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.521245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic inflammation has been known to enhance the metastatic potential of tumor cells. The role of histone deacetylase-3 (HDAC3) in allergic skin inflammation was reported. We investigated HDAC3 involvement in the allergic inflammation-promotion of metastatic potential of tumor cells. Passive systemic anaphylaxis (PSA) induced HDAC3 expression and FcεRI signaling in BALB/c mice. PSA enhanced the tumorigenic and metastatic potential of mouse melanoma cells in HDAC3- and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1-(MCP1)-dependent manner. The PSA-mediated enhancement of metastatic potential involved the induction of HDAC3, MCP1, and CD11b (a macrophage marker) expression in the lung tumor tissues. We examined an interaction between anaphylaxis and tumor growth and metastasis at the molecular level. Conditioned medium from antigen-stimulated bone marrow-derived mouse mast cell cultures induced the expression of HDAC3, MCP1, and CCR2, a receptor for MCP1, in B16F1 mouse melanoma cells and enhanced migration and invasion potential of B16F1 cells. The conditioned medium from B16F10 cultures induced the activation of FcεRI signaling in lung mast cells in an HDAC3-dependent manner. FcεRI signaling was observed in lung tumors derived from B16F10 cells. Target scan analysis predicted HDAC3 to be as a target of miR-384, and miR-384 and HDAC3 were found to form a feedback regulatory loop. miR-384, which is decreased by PSA, negatively regulated HDAC3 expression, allergic inflammation, and the positive feedback regulatory loop between anaphylaxis and tumor metastasis. We show the miR-384/HDAC3 feedback loop to be a novel regulator of the positive feedback relationship between anaphylaxis and tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangkyung Eom
- Departments of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Youngmi Kim
- Departments of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Deokbum Park
- Departments of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Hansoo Lee
- Departments of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Yun Sil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Jongseon Choe
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Young Myeong Kim
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701
| | - Dooil Jeoung
- Departments of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701.
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23
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Abstract
Hypersensitivity reactions of the immune system have been broadly categorized into the atopic and autoimmune depending on whether the antigen triggering the reaction is endogenous (or self) or exogenous, the types of cellular and humoral components involved, and the clinical symptoms. Research into the pathophysiology of the resultant disease states has focused on a dichotomy between Th1 and Th2 T helper lymphocytes thought to govern autoimmune and atopic disease, respectively. Recent discoveries, however, have served to dispute this paradigm and have provided additional insight into the roles of Th17 cells, B-lymphocytes and T regulatory cells as well as the considerable communication and commonalities between the complex signaling pathways. Furthermore, clinical studies have served to challenge the idea that the presence of atopy and autoimmunity are mutually exclusive states. Finally, application of recent approaches to treatment-biologic targeted therapy in autoimmunity and induction of immune tolerance in atopic disease--to both disease states have shown mixed but promising results.
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Fukuishi N, Igawa Y, Kunimi T, Hamano H, Toyota M, Takahashi H, Kenmoku H, Yagi Y, Matsui N, Akagi M. Generation of mast cells from mouse fetus: analysis of differentiation and functionality, and transcriptome profiling using next generation sequencer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60837. [PMID: 23573287 PMCID: PMC3616098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While gene knockout technology can reveal the roles of proteins in cellular functions, including in mast cells, fetal death due to gene manipulation frequently interrupts experimental analysis. We generated mast cells from mouse fetal liver (FLMC), and compared the fundamental functions of FLMC with those of bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells (BMMC). Under electron microscopy, numerous small and electron-dense granules were observed in FLMC. In FLMC, the expression levels of a subunit of the FcεRI receptor and degranulation by IgE cross-linking were comparable with BMMC. By flow cytometry we observed surface expression of c-Kit prior to that of FcεRI on FLMC, although on BMMC the expression of c-Kit came after FcεRI. The surface expression levels of Sca-1 and c-Kit, a marker of putative mast cell precursors, were slightly different between bone marrow cells and fetal liver cells, suggesting that differentiation stage or cell type are not necessarily equivalent between both lineages. Moreover, this indicates that phenotypically similar mast cells may not have undergone an identical process of differentiation. By comprehensive analysis using the next generation sequencer, the same frequency of gene expression was observed for 98.6% of all transcripts in both cell types. These results indicate that FLMC could represent a new and useful tool for exploring mast cell differentiation, and may help to elucidate the roles of individual proteins in the function of mast cells where gene manipulation can induce embryonic lethality in the mid to late stages of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Fukuishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima, Japan.
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Olivera A, Dillahunt SE, Rivera J. Interrogation of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 function in vivo reveals a prominent role in the recovery from IgE and IgG-mediated anaphylaxis with minimal effect on its onset. Immunol Lett 2013; 150:89-96. [PMID: 23337656 PMCID: PMC3602243 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Autocrine stimulation of S1PR2, a receptor for the lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has been implicated in mast cell degranulation to IgE/antigen (Ag) although, paradoxically, its ligand cannot trigger substantial degranulation. Additionally, the in vivo role of S1PR2 in the overall allergic responses is unclear since S1PR2 was reported to be required for the onset of systemic anaphylaxis by IgE/Ag but, in apparent contradiction, also for the recovery from histamine-induced anaphylaxis in a mast cell independent manner. Here, we sought to clarify the role of S1PR2 in mast cell degranulation and in IgE and IgG-mediated anaphylaxis. Lack of S1PR2 reduced IgE/Ag-induced degranulation in in vitro experiments with mucosal mast cells, but had no effect on connective tissue type mast cells. This latter response correlated with a lack of involvement of S1PR2 in the onset of non-lethal IgE/Ag-mediated systemic and cutaneous anaphylaxis. However, S1pr2(-/-) mice were slow to recover (or did not recover) from FcɛRI-mediated anaphylaxis, an outcome that mirrored their known impairment in histamine clearance due to defective vascular tone. A minor role for S1PR2 in mast cell degranulation was uncovered upon engagement of low affinity receptors for IgG and in the onset of IgG-mediated anaphylaxis. Our findings show that S1PR2 is dispensable for initiating IgE/Ag-mediated connective tissue mast cell degranulation and anaphylaxis, but it is required for normal recovery from anaphylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Olivera
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunogenetics, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskelatal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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Silwal P, Lee MN, Lee CJ, Hong JH, Namgung U, Lee ZW, Kim J, Lim K, Kweon GR, Park JI, Park SK. Dexamethasone Induces FcγRIIb Expression in RBL-2H3 Cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2012; 16:393-8. [PMID: 23269901 PMCID: PMC3526743 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2012.16.6.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are involved in allergic responses, protection against pathogens and autoimmune diseases. Dexamethasone (Dex) and other glucocorticoids suppress FcεRI-mediated release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells. The inhibition mechanisms were mainly investigated on the downstream signaling of Fc receptor activations. Here, we addressed the effects of Dex on Fc receptor expressions in rat mast cell line RBL-2H3. We measured mRNA levels of Fc receptors by real-time PCR. As expected, Dex decreased the mRNA levels of activating Fc receptor for IgE (FcεR) I and increased the mRNA levels of the inhibitory Fc receptor for IgG FcγRIIb. Interestingly, Dex stimulated transcriptions of other activating receptors such as Fc receptors for IgG (FcγR) I and FcγRIII. To investigate the mechanisms underlying transcriptional regulation, we employed a transcription inhibitor actinomycin D and a translation inhibitor cycloheximide. The inhibition of protein synthesis without Dex treatment enhanced FcγRI and FcγRIII mRNA levels potently, while FcεRI and FcγRIIb were minimally affected. Next, we examined expressions of the Fc receptors on cell surfaces by the flow cytometric method. Only FcγRIIb protein expression was significantly enhanced by Dex treatment, while FcγRI, FcγRIII and FcεRI expression levels were marginally changed. Our data showed, for the first time, that Dex regulates Fc receptor expressions resulting in augmentation of the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanta Silwal
- Research Institute for Medical Sciences and Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-747, Korea
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Pullen NA, Falanga YT, Morales JK, Ryan JJ. The Fyn-STAT5 Pathway: A New Frontier in IgE- and IgG-Mediated Mast Cell Signaling. Front Immunol 2012; 3:117. [PMID: 22593761 PMCID: PMC3350083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are central players in immune surveillance and activation, positioned at the host–environment interface. Understanding the signaling events controlling mast cell function, especially those that maintain host homeostasis, is an important and still less understood area of mast cell-mediated disease. With respect to allergic disease, it is well established that IgE and its high affinity receptor FcεRI are major mediators of mast cell activation. However, IgG-mediated signals can also modulate mast cell activities. Signals elicited by IgG binding to its cognate receptors (FcγR) are the basis for autoimmune disorders such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. Using knowledge of IgE-mediated mast cell signaling, recent work has begun to illuminate potential overlap between FcεRI and FcγR signal transduction. Herein we review the importance of Src family kinases in FcεRI and FcγR signaling, the role of the transcription factor STAT5, and impingement of the regulatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and TGFβ1 upon this network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Pullen
- Department of Biology, The Asthma and Allergic Disease Cooperative Research Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond, VA, USA
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