1
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Yang SJ, Singh AK, Drow T, Tappen T, Honaker Y, Barahmand-Pour-Whitman F, Linsley PS, Cerosaletti K, Mauk K, Xiang Y, Smith J, Mortensen E, Cook PJ, Sommer K, Khan I, Liggitt D, Rawlings DJ, Buckner JH. Pancreatic islet-specific engineered T regs exhibit robust antigen-specific and bystander immune suppression in type 1 diabetes models. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabn1716. [PMID: 36197963 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abn1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is therapeutic in type 1 diabetes (T1D) mouse models. Tregs that are specific for pancreatic islets are more potent than polyclonal Tregs in preventing disease. However, the frequency of antigen-specific natural Tregs is extremely low, and ex vivo expansion may destabilize Tregs, leading to an effector phenotype. Here, we generated durable, antigen-specific engineered Tregs (EngTregs) from primary human CD4+ T cells by combining FOXP3 homology-directed repair editing and lentiviral T cell receptor (TCR) delivery. Using TCRs derived from clonally expanded CD4+ T cells isolated from patients with T1D, we generated islet-specific EngTregs that suppressed effector T cell (Teff) proliferation and cytokine production. EngTregs suppressed Teffs recognizing the same islet antigen in addition to bystander Teffs recognizing other islet antigens through production of soluble mediators and both direct and indirect mechanisms. Adoptively transferred murine islet-specific EngTregs homed to the pancreas and blocked diabetes triggered by islet-specific Teffs or diabetogenic polyclonal Teffs in recipient mice. These data demonstrate the potential of antigen-specific EngTregs as a targeted therapy for preventing T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Jung Yang
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Akhilesh K Singh
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Travis Drow
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Tori Tappen
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Yuchi Honaker
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Fariba Barahmand-Pour-Whitman
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Peter S Linsley
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Karen Cerosaletti
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Kelsey Mauk
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Yufei Xiang
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jessica Smith
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Emma Mortensen
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Peter J Cook
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Karen Sommer
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Iram Khan
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Denny Liggitt
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - David J Rawlings
- Center for Immunity and Immunotherapies and the Program for Cell and Gene Therapy, Seattle Children's Research Institute, 1900 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, 1201 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
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2
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Dwyer JR, Racine JJ, Chapman HD, Quinlan A, Presa M, Stafford GA, Schmitz I, Serreze DV. Nfkbid Overexpression in Nonobese Diabetic Mice Elicits Complete Type 1 Diabetes Resistance in Part Associated with Enhanced Thymic Deletion of Pathogenic CD8 T Cells and Increased Numbers and Activity of Regulatory T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:227-237. [PMID: 35760520 PMCID: PMC9365269 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both humans and NOD mice is caused by T cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β cells. Increased frequency or activity of autoreactive T cells and failures of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to control these pathogenic effectors have both been implicated in T1D etiology. Due to the expression of MHC class I molecules on β cells, CD8 T cells represent the ultimate effector population mediating T1D. Developing autoreactive CD8 T cells normally undergo extensive thymic negative selection, but this process is impaired in NOD mice and also likely T1D patients. Previous studies identified an allelic variant of Nfkbid, a NF-κB signal modulator, as a gene strongly contributing to defective thymic deletion of autoreactive CD8 T cells in NOD mice. These previous studies found ablation of Nfkbid in NOD mice using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats system resulted in greater thymic deletion of pathogenic CD8 AI4 and NY8.3 TCR transgenic T cells but an unexpected acceleration of T1D onset. This acceleration was associated with reductions in the frequency of peripheral Tregs. In this article, we report transgenic overexpression of Nfkbid in NOD mice also paradoxically results in enhanced thymic deletion of autoreactive CD8 AI4 T cells. However, transgenic elevation of Nfkbid expression also increased the frequency and functional capacity of peripheral Tregs, in part contributing to the induction of complete T1D resistance. Thus, future identification of a pharmaceutical means to enhance Nfkbid expression might ultimately provide an effective T1D intervention approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ingo Schmitz
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
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3
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Qadir AS, Guégan JP, Ginestier C, Chaibi A, Bessede A, Charafe-Jauffret E, Macario M, Lavoué V, Rouge TDLM, Law C, Vilker J, Wang H, Stroup E, Schipma MJ, Bridgeman B, Murmann AE, Ji Z, Legembre P, Peter ME. CD95/Fas protects triple negative breast cancer from anti-tumor activity of NK cells. iScience 2021; 24:103348. [PMID: 34816102 PMCID: PMC8593563 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoptosis inducing receptor CD95/Fas has multiple tumorigenic activities. In different genetically engineered mouse models tumor-expressed CD95 was shown to be critical for cell growth. Using a combination of immune-deficient and immune-competent mouse models, we now establish that loss of CD95 in metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells prevents tumor growth by modulating the immune landscape. CD95-deficient, but not wild-type, tumors barely grow in an immune-competent environment and show an increase in immune infiltrates into the tumor. This growth reduction is caused by infiltrating NK cells and does not involve T cells or macrophages. In contrast, in immune compromised mice CD95 k.o. cells are not growth inhibited, but they fail to form metastases. In summary, we demonstrate that in addition to its tumor and metastasis promoting activities, CD95 expression by tumor cells can exert immune suppressive activities on NK cells, providing a new target for immune therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul S. Qadir
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Christophe Ginestier
- CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Univ, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Assia Chaibi
- Explicyte, Cours de l’Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Alban Bessede
- Explicyte, Cours de l’Argonne, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret
- CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Univ, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Manon Macario
- CRCM, Inserm, CNRS, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Univ, Epithelial Stem Cells and Cancer Lab, Equipe labellisée LIGUE contre le cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Lavoué
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | | | - Calvin Law
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jacob Vilker
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Emily Stroup
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew J. Schipma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Bryan Bridgeman
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Andrea E. Murmann
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Zhe Ji
- Department of Pharmacology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | | | - Marcus E. Peter
- Division Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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4
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Torun A, Hupalowska A, Trzonkowski P, Kierkus J, Pyrzynska B. Intestinal Microbiota in Common Chronic Inflammatory Disorders Affecting Children. Front Immunol 2021; 12:642166. [PMID: 34163468 PMCID: PMC8215716 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence rate of chronic inflammatory disorders is on the rise in the pediatric population. Recent research indicates the crucial role of interactions between the altered intestinal microbiome and the immune system in the pathogenesis of several chronic inflammatory disorders in children, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CeD). Here, we review recent knowledge concerning the pathogenic mechanisms underlying these disorders, and summarize the facts suggesting that the initiation and progression of IBD, T1DM, and CeD can be partially attributed to disturbances in the patterns of composition and abundance of the gut microbiota. The standard available therapies for chronic inflammatory disorders in children largely aim to treat symptoms. Although constant efforts are being made to maximize the quality of life for children in the long-term, sustained improvements are still difficult to achieve. Additional challenges are the changing physiology associated with growth and development of children, a population that is particularly susceptible to medication-related adverse effects. In this review, we explore new promising therapeutic approaches aimed at modulation of either gut microbiota or the activity of the immune system to induce a long-lasting remission of chronic inflammatory disorders. Recent preclinical studies and clinical trials have evaluated new approaches, for instance the adoptive transfer of immune cells, with genetically engineered regulatory T cells expressing antigen-specific chimeric antigen receptors. These approaches have revolutionized cancer treatments and have the potential for the protection of high-risk children from developing autoimmune diseases and effective management of inflammatory disorders. The review also focuses on the findings of studies that indicate that the responses to a variety of immunotherapies can be enhanced by strategic manipulation of gut microbiota, thus emphasizing on the importance of proper interaction between the gut microbiota and immune system for sustained health benefits and improvement of the quality of life of pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Torun
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Hupalowska
- Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Kierkus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Pyrzynska
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Xiao Y, Shu L, Wu X, Liu Y, Cheong LY, Liao B, Xiao X, Hoo RL, Zhou Z, Xu A. Fatty acid binding protein 4 promotes autoimmune diabetes by recruitment and activation of pancreatic islet macrophages. JCI Insight 2021; 6:141814. [PMID: 33690220 PMCID: PMC8119222 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.141814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Both innate and adaptive immune cells are critical players in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing β cells in type 1 diabetes. However, the early pathogenic events triggering the recruitment and activation of innate immune cells in islets remain obscure. Here we show that circulating fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) level was significantly elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes and their first-degree relatives and positively correlated with the titers of several islet autoantibodies. In nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, increased FABP4 expression in islet macrophages started from the neonatal period, well before the occurrence of overt diabetes. Furthermore, the spontaneous development of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice was markedly reduced by pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of FABP4 or adoptive transfer of FABP4-deficient bone marrow cells. Mechanistically, FABP4 activated innate immune responses in islets by enhancing the infiltration and polarization of macrophages to proinflammatory M1 subtype, thus creating an inflammatory milieu required for activation of diabetogenic CD8+ T cells and shift of CD4+ helper T cells toward Th1 subtypes. These findings demonstrate FABP4 as a possible early mediator for β cell autoimmunity by facilitating crosstalk between innate and adaptive immune cells, suggesting that pharmacological inhibition of FABP4 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingling Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Department of Hematologic Oncology, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lai Yee Cheong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Medicine, and
| | - Boya Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruby L.C. Hoo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiguang Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
- Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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6
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Kim H, Perovanovic J, Shakya A, Shen Z, German CN, Ibarra A, Jafek JL, Lin NP, Evavold BD, Chou DHC, Jensen PE, He X, Tantin D. Targeting transcriptional coregulator OCA-B/Pou2af1 blocks activated autoreactive T cells in the pancreas and type 1 diabetes. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20200533. [PMID: 33295943 PMCID: PMC7731945 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20200533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcriptional coregulator OCA-B promotes expression of T cell target genes in cases of repeated antigen exposure, a necessary feature of autoimmunity. We hypothesized that T cell-specific OCA-B deletion and pharmacologic OCA-B inhibition would protect mice from autoimmune diabetes. We developed an Ocab conditional allele and backcrossed it onto a diabetes-prone NOD/ShiLtJ strain background. T cell-specific OCA-B loss protected mice from spontaneous disease. Protection was associated with large reductions in islet CD8+ T cell receptor specificities associated with diabetes pathogenesis. CD4+ clones associated with diabetes were present but associated with anergic phenotypes. The protective effect of OCA-B loss was recapitulated using autoantigen-specific NY8.3 mice but diminished in monoclonal models specific to artificial or neoantigens. Rationally designed membrane-penetrating OCA-B peptide inhibitors normalized glucose levels and reduced T cell infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine expression in newly diabetic NOD mice. Together, the results indicate that OCA-B is a potent autoimmune regulator and a promising target for pharmacologic inhibition.
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MESH Headings
- Alleles
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Autoantigens/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Crosses, Genetic
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/prevention & control
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Gene Deletion
- Germ Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Lymph Nodes/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Ovalbumin
- Pancreas/metabolism
- Pancreas/pathology
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Spleen/pathology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Trans-Activators/deficiency
- Trans-Activators/metabolism
- Transcription, Genetic
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejoo Kim
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jelena Perovanovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Arvind Shakya
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Zuolian Shen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Cody N German
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Andrea Ibarra
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Jillian L Jafek
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Nai-Pin Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Brian D Evavold
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Danny H-C Chou
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Peter E Jensen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Xiao He
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Dean Tantin
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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7
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Foda BM, Ciecko AE, Serreze DV, Ridgway WM, Geurts AM, Chen YG. The CD137 Ligand Is Important for Type 1 Diabetes Development but Dispensable for the Homeostasis of Disease-Suppressive CD137 + FOXP3 + Regulatory CD4 T Cells. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2020; 204:2887-2899. [PMID: 32295876 PMCID: PMC7296588 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CD137 modulates type 1 diabetes (T1D) progression in NOD mice. We previously showed that CD137 expression in CD4 T cells inhibits T1D, but its expression in CD8 T cells promotes disease development by intrinsically enhancing the accumulation of β-cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells. CD137 is expressed on a subset of FOXP3+ regulatory CD4 T cells (Tregs), and CD137+ Tregs are the main source of soluble CD137. Soluble CD137 suppresses T cells in vitro by binding to the CD137 ligand (CD137L) upregulated on activated T cells. To further study how the opposing functions of CD137 are regulated, we successfully targeted Tnfsf9 (encoding CD137L) in NOD mice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system (designated NOD.Tnfsf9 -/-). Relative to wild-type NOD mice, T1D development in the NOD.Tnfsf9 -/- strain was significantly delayed, and mice developed less insulitis and had reduced frequencies of β-cell-autoreactive CD8 T cells. Bone marrow chimera experiments showed that CD137L-deficient hematopoietic cells were able to confer T1D resistance. Adoptive T cell transfer experiments showed that CD137L deficiency on myeloid APCs was associated with T1D suppression. Conversely, lack of CD137L on T cells enhanced their diabetogenic activity. Furthermore, neither CD137 nor CD137L was required for the development and homeostasis of FOXP3+ Tregs. However, CD137 was critical for the in vivo T1D-suppressive activity of FOXP3+ Tregs, suggesting that the interaction between CD137 and CD137L regulates their function. Collectively, our results provide new insights into the complex roles of CD137-CD137L interaction in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bardees M Foda
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Enzymology, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Egypt
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Ashley E Ciecko
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | | | - William M Ridgway
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226; and
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
| | - Yi-Guang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226;
- Max McGee National Research Center for Juvenile Diabetes, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226
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8
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Gliwiński M, Iwaszkiewicz-Grześ D, Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz A, Tarnowska M, Żalińska M, Hennig M, Zielińska H, Dukat-Mazurek A, Zielkowska-Dębska J, Zieliński M, Jaźwińska-Curyłło A, Owczuk R, Jarosz-Chobot P, Bossowski A, Szadkowska A, Młynarski W, Marek-Trzonkowska N, Moszkowska G, Siebert J, Myśliwiec M, Trzonkowski P. Proinsulin-specific T regulatory cells may control immune responses in type 1 diabetes: implications for adoptive therapy. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e000873. [PMID: 32098895 PMCID: PMC7206972 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Here we looked for possible mechanisms regulating the progression of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In this disease, autoaggressive T cells (T conventional cells, Tconvs) not properly controlled by T regulatory cells (Tregs) destroy pancreatic islets. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We compared the T-cell compartment of patients with newly diagnosed T1DM (NDT1DM) with long-duration T1DM (LDT1DM) ones. The third group consisted of patients with LDT1DM treated previously with polyclonal Tregs (LDT1DM with Tregs). We have also looked if the differences might be dependent on the antigen specificity of Tregs expanded for clinical use and autologous sentinel Tconvs. RESULTS Patients with LDT1DM were characterized by T-cell immunosenescence-like changes and expansion of similar vβ/T-cell receptor (TCR) clones in Tconvs and Tregs. The treatment with Tregs was associated with some inhibition of these effects. Patients with LDT1DM possessed an increased percentage of various proinsulin-specific T cells but not GAD65-specific ones. The percentages of all antigen-specific subsets were higher in the expansion cultures than in the peripheral blood. The proliferation was more intense in proinsulin-specific Tconvs than in specific Tregs but the levels of some proinsulin-specific Tregs were exceptionally high at baseline and remained higher in the expanded clinical product than the levels of respective Tconvs in sentinel cultures. CONCLUSIONS T1DM is associated with immunosenescence-like changes and reduced diversity of T-cell clones. Preferential expansion of the same TCR families in both Tconvs and Tregs suggests a common trigger/autoantigen responsible. Interestingly, the therapy with polyclonal Tregs was associated with some inhibition of these effects. Proinsulin-specific Tregs appeared to be dominant in the immune responses in patients with T1DM and probably associated with better control over respective autoimmune Tconvs. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER EudraCT 2014-004319-35.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Gliwiński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Anna Wołoszyn-Durkiewicz
- Department of Pediatric Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Tarnowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Magdalena Żalińska
- Department of Pediatric Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Matylda Hennig
- Department of Pediatric Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Hanna Zielińska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Dukat-Mazurek
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Zieliński
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Radosław Owczuk
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Peadiatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szadkowska
- Department of Paediatrics, Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Wojciech Młynarski
- Department of Paediatrics, Oncology, and Haematology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska
- Department of Family Medicine, Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Poltreg S.A, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Grażyna Moszkowska
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Janusz Siebert
- Department of Family Medicine, Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Myśliwiec
- Department of Pediatric Diabetology and Endocrinology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Poltreg S.A, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Trzonkowski
- Department of Medical Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Poltreg S.A, Gdańsk, Poland
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9
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Zhong F, Jiang Y. Endogenous Pancreatic β Cell Regeneration: A Potential Strategy for the Recovery of β Cell Deficiency in Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:101. [PMID: 30842756 PMCID: PMC6391341 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous pancreatic β cell regeneration is a potential strategy for β cell expansion or neogenesis to treat diabetes. Regeneration can occur through stimulation of existing β cell replication or conversion of other pancreatic cells into β cells. Recently, various strategies and approaches for stimulation of endogenous β cell regeneration have been evaluated, but they were not suitable for clinical application. In this paper, we comprehensively review these strategies, and further discuss various factors involved in regulation of β cell regeneration under physiological or pathological conditions, such as mediators, transcription factors, signaling pathways, and potential pharmaceutical drugs. Furthermore, we discuss possible reasons for the failure of regenerative medicines in clinical trials, and possible strategies for improving β cell regeneration. As β cell heterogeneity and plasticity determines their function and environmental adaptability, we focus on β cell subtype markers and discuss the importance of research evaluating the characteristics of new β cells. In addition, based on the autoimmunologic features of type 1 diabetes, NOD/Lt-SCID-IL2rg null (NSG) mice grafted with human immune cells and β cells are recommended for use in evaluation of antidiabetic regenerative medicines. This review will further understand current advances in endogenous β cell regeneration, and provide potential new strategies for the treatment of diabetes focused on cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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10
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Schinnerling K, Rosas C, Soto L, Thomas R, Aguillón JC. Humanized Mouse Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis for Studies on Immunopathogenesis and Preclinical Testing of Cell-Based Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:203. [PMID: 30837986 PMCID: PMC6389733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been used over decades to study the immunopathogenesis of the disease and to explore intervention strategies. Nevertheless, mouse models of RA reach their limit when it comes to testing of new therapeutic approaches such as cell-based therapies. Differences between the human and the murine immune system make it difficult to draw reliable conclusions about the success of immunotherapies. To overcome this issue, humanized mouse models have been established that mimic components of the human immune system in mice. Two main strategies have been pursued for humanization: the introduction of human transgenes such as human leukocyte antigen molecules or specific T cell receptors, and the generation of mouse/human chimera by transferring human cells or tissues into immunodeficient mice. Recently, both approaches have been combined to achieve more sophisticated humanized models of autoimmune diseases. This review discusses limitations of conventional mouse models of RA-like disease and provides a closer look into studies in humanized mice exploring their usefulness and necessity as preclinical models for testing of cell-based therapies in autoimmune diseases such as RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katina Schinnerling
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos Rosas
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lilian Soto
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Unidad de Dolor, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ranjeny Thomas
- Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Juan Carlos Aguillón
- Programa Disciplinario de Inmunología, Immune Regulation and Tolerance Research Group, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current standard therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) is insulin replacement. Autoimmune diseases are typically treated with broad immunosuppression, but this has multiple disadvantages. Induction of antigen-specific tolerance is preferable. The application of nanomedicine to the problem of T1D can take different forms, but one promising way is the development of tolerogenic nanoparticles, the aim of which is to mitigate the islet-destroying autoimmunity. We review the topic and highlight recent strategies to produce tolerogenic nanoparticles for the purpose of treating T1D. RECENT FINDINGS Several groups are making progress in applying tolerogenic nanoparticles to rodent models of T1D, while others are using nanotechnology to aid other potential T1D treatments such as islet transplant and islet encapsulation. The strategies behind how nanoparticles achieve tolerance are varied. It is likely the future will see even greater diversity in tolerance induction strategies as well as a greater focus on how to translate this technology from preclinical use in mice to treatment of T1D in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Neef
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 6-713 Tarry Building, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Stephen D Miller
- Department of Microbiology-Immunology and Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 6-713 Tarry Building, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
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