1
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Hernandez-Lara MA, Richard J, Deshpande DA. Diacylglycerol kinase is a keystone regulator of signaling relevant to the pathophysiology of asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 327:L3-L18. [PMID: 38742284 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00091.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction by G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and immunoreceptors converge at the activation of phospholipase C (PLC) for the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) into inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). This is a point for second-messenger bifurcation where DAG via protein kinase C (PKC) and IP3 via calcium activate distinct protein targets and regulate cellular functions. IP3 signaling is regulated by multiple calcium influx and efflux proteins involved in calcium homeostasis. A family of lipid kinases belonging to DAG kinases (DGKs) converts DAG to phosphatidic acid (PA), negatively regulating DAG signaling and pathophysiological functions. PA, through a series of biochemical reactions, is recycled to produce new molecules of PIP2. Therefore, DGKs act as a central switch in terminating DAG signaling and resynthesis of membrane phospholipids precursor. Interestingly, calcium and PKC regulate the activation of α and ζ isoforms of DGK that are predominantly expressed in airway and immune cells. Thus, DGK forms a feedback and feedforward control point and plays a crucial role in fine-tuning phospholipid stoichiometry, signaling, and functions. In this review, we discuss the previously underappreciated complex and intriguing DAG/DGK-driven mechanisms in regulating cellular functions associated with asthma, such as contraction and proliferation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and inflammatory activation of immune cells. We highlight the benefits of manipulating DGK activity in mitigating salient features of asthma pathophysiology and shed light on DGK as a molecule of interest for heterogeneous diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Hernandez-Lara
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Joshua Richard
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
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2
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Yeoh WJ, Krebs P. SHIP1 and its role for innate immune regulation-Novel targets for immunotherapy. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350446. [PMID: 37742135 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase/AKT (PI3K/AKT) signaling plays key roles in the regulation of cellular activity in both health and disease. In immune cells, this PI3K/AKT pathway is critically regulated by the phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP1, which has been reported to modulate the function of most immune subsets. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of SHIP1 with a focus on innate immune cells, where we reflect on the most pertinent aspects described in the current literature. We also present several small-molecule agonists and antagonists of SHIP1 developed over the last two decades, which have led to improved outcomes in several preclinical models of disease. We outline these promising findings and put them in relation to human diseases with unmet medical needs, where we discuss the most attractive targets for immune therapies based on SHIP1 modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Jie Yeoh
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Krebs
- Institute of Tissue Medicine and Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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3
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Okumura M, Yokoyama Y, Yoshida T, Okada Y, Takizawa M, Ikeda O, Kambayashi T. The diacylglycerol kinase ζ inhibitor ASP1570 augments natural killer cell function. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111145. [PMID: 37935092 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The enhancement of T cell and NK cell function is an immunotherapeutic strategy for combating cancer. Antibodies that block inhibitory receptors, such as PD-1 and CTLA4, augment T cell function and have been successful in curing patients with some types of cancer. As an alternative approach to targeting specific inhibitory receptors by antibodies, small molecule drugs that inhibit negative regulators of T cell activation have been sought. One potential pharmacological target is diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (DGK)ζ, which is an enzyme that acts as a negative regulator of DAG by phosphorylating DAG and converting it into phosphatidic acid. DAG-mediated signaling is critical for T cell activation through its T cell receptor and NK cell activation downstream of a variety of activating receptors. Thus, DGKζ-deficient T cells and NK cells display increased function upon activating receptor engagement. Moreover, treatment with the DGKζ-selective inhibitor ASP1570 augments T cell function. In this study, we sought to test whether the acute inhibition of DGKζ by ASP1570 augments NK cell function. We find that ASP1570 enhances DAG-mediated signaling in immunoreceptor-stimulated NK cells. Accordingly, ASP1570 treatment enhanced IFNγ production and degranulation of immunoreceptor-activated NK cells in vitro and NK cell-mediated tumor clearance in vivo. Thus, ASP1570 enhances both T and NK cell function, which could possibly induce more durable anti-tumor responses for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Okumura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yuichi Yokoyama
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Taku Yoshida
- Immuno-Oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Immuno-Oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba 305-8585, Japan
| | - Masaomi Takizawa
- Research Program Management-Applied Research Management, Astellas Pharma Inc., 2-5-1, Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-8411,Japan
| | - Osamu Ikeda
- Immuno-Oncology, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba 305-8585, Japan
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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4
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Nandi SS, Gohil T, Sawant SA, Lambe UP, Ghosh S, Jana S. CD155: A Key Receptor Playing Diversified Roles. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:594-607. [PMID: 34514998 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210910112906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation (CD155), formerly identified as poliovirus receptor (PVR) and later as immunoglobulin molecule involved in cell adhesion, proliferation, invasion and migration. It is a surface protein expressed mostly on normal and transformed malignant cells. The expression of the receptor varies based on the origin of tissue. The expression of the protein is determined by factors involved in sonic hedgehog pathway, Ras-MEK-ERK pathway and during stress conditions like DNA damage response. The protein uses alternate splicing mechanism, producing four isoforms - two being soluble (CD155β and CD155γ) and two being transmembrane protein (CD155α and CD155δ). Apart from being a viral receptor, researchers have identified CD155 having important roles in cancer research and cell signaling field. The receptor is recognized as biomarker for identifying cancerous tissue. The receptor interacts with molecules involved in cells defense mechanism. The immune-surveillance role of CD155 is being deciphered to understand the mechanistic approach it utilizes as onco-immunologic molecule. CD155 is a non-MHC-I ligand which helps in identifying non-self to NK cells via an inhibitory TIGIT ligand. The TIGIT-CD155 pathway is a novel MHC-I-independent education mechanism for cell tolerance and activation of NK cell. The receptor also has a role in metastasis of cancer and trans endothelial mechanism. In this review, authors discuss the virus-host interaction that occurs via single transmembrane receptor, the poliovirus infection pathway, which is being exploited as therapeutic pathway. The oncolytic virotherapy is now promising way for curing cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Sundar Nandi
- National Institute of Virology, (Mumbai unit), (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre). Haffkine Institute Compound, Indian Council of Medical Research, A. D. Marg, Parel. Mumbai-12. India
| | - Trupti Gohil
- National Institute of Virology, (Mumbai unit), (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre). Haffkine Institute Compound, Indian Council of Medical Research, A. D. Marg, Parel. Mumbai-12. India
| | - Sonali Ankush Sawant
- National Institute of Virology, (Mumbai unit), (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre). Haffkine Institute Compound, Indian Council of Medical Research, A. D. Marg, Parel. Mumbai-12. India
| | - Upendra Pradeep Lambe
- National Institute of Virology, (Mumbai unit), (Formerly Enterovirus Research Centre). Haffkine Institute Compound, Indian Council of Medical Research, A. D. Marg, Parel. Mumbai-12. India
| | - Sudip Ghosh
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania PO, Hyderabad. India
| | - Snehasis Jana
- Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt Ltd., Thane-West, Maharashtra-400604. India
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5
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So EY, Sun C, Wu KQ, Dubielecka PM, Reginato AM, Liang OD. Inhibition of lipid phosphatase SHIP1 expands myeloid-derived suppressor cells and attenuates rheumatoid arthritis in mice. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321:C569-C584. [PMID: 34288720 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00433.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a debilitating autoimmune disease of unknown cause, characterized by infiltration and accumulation of activated immune cells in the synovial joints where cartilage and bone destructions occur. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are of myeloid origin and are able to suppress T cell responses. Src homology 2 domain containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) was shown to be involved in the regulation of MDSC differentiation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of inhibition of SHIP1 on expansion of MDSCs in RA using a collagen-induced inflammatory arthritis (CIA) mouse model. In DBA/1 mice treatment with a small molecule specific SHIP1 inhibitor 3α-aminocholestane (3AC) induced a marked expansion of MDSCs in vivo. Both pre-treatment with 3AC of DBA/1 mice prior to CIA induction and intervention with 3AC during CIA progression significantly reduced disease incidence and severity. Adoptive transfer of MDSCs isolated from 3AC-treated mice, but not naïve MDSCs from normal mice, into CIA mice significantly reduced disease incidence and severity, indicating that the 3AC-induced MDSCs were the cellular mediators of the observed amelioration of the disease. In conclusion, inhibition of SHIP1 expands MDSCs in vivo and attenuates development of CIA in mice. Small molecule specific inhibition of SHIP1 may therefore offer therapeutic benefit to patients with RA and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eui-Young So
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Changqi Sun
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Keith Q Wu
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Patrycja M Dubielecka
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Anthony M Reginato
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Olin D Liang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
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6
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Licensing Natural Killers for Antiviral Immunity. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10070908. [PMID: 34358058 PMCID: PMC8308748 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10070908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM)-bearing receptors (IRs) enable discrimination between self- and non-self molecules on the surface of host target cells. In this regard, they have a vital role in self-tolerance through binding and activating intracellular tyrosine phosphatases which can inhibit cellular activation. Yet, self-MHC class I (MHC I)-specific IRs are versatile in that they can also positively impact lymphocyte functionality, as exemplified by their role in natural killer (NK) cell education, often referred to as ’licensing‘. Recent discoveries using defined mouse models of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection have revealed that select self-MHC I IRs can increase NK cell antiviral defenses as well, whereas other licensing IRs cannot, or instead impede virus-specific NK responses for reasons that remain poorly understood. This review highlights a role for self-MHC I ‘licensing’ IRs in antiviral immunity, especially in the context of CMV infection, their impact on virus-specific NK cells during acute infection, and their potential to affect viral pathogenesis and disease.
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7
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Kandell WM, Donatelli SS, Trinh TL, Calescibetta AR, So T, Tu N, Gilvary DL, Chen X, Cheng P, Adams WA, Chen YK, Liu J, Djeu JY, Wei S, Eksioglu EA. MicroRNA-155 governs SHIP-1 expression and localization in NK cells and regulates subsequent infiltration into murine AT3 mammary carcinoma. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225820. [PMID: 32040476 PMCID: PMC7010306 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NK cell migration and activation are crucial elements of tumor immune surveillance. In mammary carcinomas, the number and function of NK cells is diminished, despite being positively associated with clinical outcome. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155) has been shown to be an important regulator of NK cell activation through its interaction with SHIP-1 downstream of inhibitory NK receptor signaling, but has not been explored in regard to NK cell migration. Here, we explored the migratory potential and function of NK cells in subcutaneous AT3 in mice lacking miR-155. Without tumor, these bic/miR-155-/- mice possess similar numbers of NK cells that exhibit comparable surface levels of cytotoxic receptors as NK cells from wild-type (WT) mice. Isolated miR-155-/- NK cells also exhibit equivalent cytotoxicity towards tumor targets in vitro compared to isolated WT control NK cells, despite overexpression of known miR-155 gene targets. NK cells isolated from miR-155-/- mice exhibit impaired F-actin polymerization and migratory capacity in Boyden-chamber assays in response chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2). This migratory capacity could be normalized in the presence of SHIP-1 inhibitors. Of note, miR-155-/- mice challenged with mammary carcinomas exhibited heightened tumor burden which correlated with a lower number of tumor-infiltrating NK1.1+ cells. Our results support a novel, physiological role for SHIP-1 in the control of NK cell tumor trafficking, and implicate miR-155 in the regulation of NK cell chemotaxis, in the context of mammary carcinoma. This may implicate dysfunctional NK cells in the lack of tumor clearance in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy M. Kandell
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Cancer Biology Ph.D. Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Donatelli
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Thu Le Trinh
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Dong Nai Technology University, Dong Nai Province, Vietnam
| | | | - Tina So
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Nhan Tu
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Danielle L. Gilvary
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xianghong Chen
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Pingyan Cheng
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - William A. Adams
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yin-Kai Chen
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jinhong Liu
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Julie Y. Djeu
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Sheng Wei
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Erika A. Eksioglu
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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8
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Chen S, Li D, Wang Y, Li Q, Dong Z. Regulation of MHC class I-independent NK cell education by SLAM family receptors. Adv Immunol 2019; 145:159-185. [PMID: 32081197 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Seven members of signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) family receptors (SFRs) are ubiquitously expressed on hematopoietic cells and they play critical roles in immune cell differentiation and activation. The engagement of these receptors transmits intracellular signaling mainly by recruiting SLAM-associated protein (SAP) and its related adaptors, EWS-FLI1-activated transcript-2 (EAT-2) and EAT-2-related transducer (ERT). The critical roles of SFRs and SAP-family adaptors are highlighted by the discovery that SAP is mutated in human X-linked lymphoproliferative (XLP1) disease in which the contact between T and B cells in germinal center and cytotoxic lymphocytes (NK cells and CD8+ T cells) function are severely compromised. These immune defects are closely associated with the defective antibody production and the high incidence of lymphoma in the patients with XLP1. In addition to these well-known functions, SLAM-SAP family is involved in NK cell education, a process describing NK cell functional competence. In this chapter, we will mainly discuss these unappreciated roles of SAP-dependent and SAP-independent SFR signaling in regulating MHC-I-independent NK cell education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Chen
- School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Dan Li
- School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuande Wang
- School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaozhen Li
- School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- School of Medicine and Institute for Immunology, Beijing Key Lab for Immunological Research on Chronic Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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9
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Freund-Brown J, Chirino L, Kambayashi T. Strategies to enhance NK cell function for the treatment of tumors and infections. Crit Rev Immunol 2019; 38:105-130. [PMID: 29953390 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2018025248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells equipped with the ability to rapidly kill stressed cells that are neoplastic or virally infected. These cells are especially important in settings where these stressed cells downregulate MHC class I molecules and evade recognition by cytotoxic T cells. However, the activity of NK cells alone is often suboptimal to fully control tumor growth or to clear viral infections. Thus, the enhancement of NK cell function is necessary to fully harness their antitumor or antiviral potential. In this review, we discuss how NK cell function can be augmented by the modulation of signal transduction pathways, by the manipulation of inhibitory/activating receptors on NK cells, and by cytokine-induced activation. We also discuss how some of these strategies are currently impacting NK cells in the treatment of cancer and infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Freund-Brown
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Leilani Chirino
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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10
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Niogret C, Miah SMS, Rota G, Fonta NP, Wang H, Held W, Birchmeier W, Sexl V, Yang W, Vivier E, Ho PC, Brossay L, Guarda G. Shp-2 is critical for ERK and metabolic engagement downstream of IL-15 receptor in NK cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1444. [PMID: 30926899 PMCID: PMC6441079 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09431-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatase Shp-2 was implicated in NK cell development and functions due to its interaction with NK inhibitory receptors, but its exact role in NK cells is still unclear. Here we show, using mice conditionally deficient for Shp-2 in the NK lineage, that NK cell development and responsiveness are largely unaffected. Instead, we find that Shp-2 serves mainly to enforce NK cell responses to activation by IL-15 and IL-2. Shp-2-deficient NK cells have reduced proliferation and survival when treated with high dose IL-15 or IL-2. Mechanistically, Shp-2 deficiency hampers acute IL-15 stimulation-induced raise in glycolytic and respiration rates, and causes a dramatic defect in ERK activation. Moreover, inhibition of the ERK and mTOR cascades largely phenocopies the defect observed in the absence of Shp-2. Together, our data reveal a critical function of Shp-2 as a molecular nexus bridging acute IL-15 signaling with downstream metabolic burst and NK cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Niogret
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - S M Shahjahan Miah
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Giorgia Rota
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas P Fonta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.,Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Haiping Wang
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Werner Held
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Walter Birchmeier
- Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Society, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veronica Sexl
- Department for Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, 1210, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wentian Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University Alpert Medical School, 1 Hoppin Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Eric Vivier
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, CNRS, Avenue de Luminy, 13288, Marseille, France.,Service d'Immunologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385, Marseille, France.,Innate Pharma Research Labs., Innate Pharma, 117 Avenue de Luminy, 13276, Marseille, France
| | - Ping-Chih Ho
- Department of Oncology UNIL CHUV, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Oncology, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Brossay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and Graduate Program in Pathobiology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
| | - Greta Guarda
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 1066, Epalinges, Switzerland. .,Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 6500, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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11
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Ben-Shmuel A, Joseph N, Sabag B, Barda-Saad M. Lymphocyte mechanotransduction: The regulatory role of cytoskeletal dynamics in signaling cascades and effector functions. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:1261-1273. [DOI: 10.1002/jlb.mr0718-267r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aviad Ben-Shmuel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology; Bar-Ilan University; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Ramat-Gan Israel
| | - Noah Joseph
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology; Bar-Ilan University; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Ramat-Gan Israel
| | - Batel Sabag
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology; Bar-Ilan University; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Ramat-Gan Israel
| | - Mira Barda-Saad
- Laboratory of Molecular and Applied Immunology; Bar-Ilan University; The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences; Ramat-Gan Israel
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12
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Goodridge JP, Jacobs B, Saetersmoen ML, Clement D, Hammer Q, Clancy T, Skarpen E, Brech A, Landskron J, Grimm C, Pfefferle A, Meza-Zepeda L, Lorenz S, Wiiger MT, Louch WE, Ask EH, Liu LL, Oei VYS, Kjällquist U, Linnarsson S, Patel S, Taskén K, Stenmark H, Malmberg KJ. Remodeling of secretory lysosomes during education tunes functional potential in NK cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:514. [PMID: 30705279 PMCID: PMC6355880 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitory signaling during natural killer (NK) cell education translates into increased responsiveness to activation; however, the intracellular mechanism for functional tuning by inhibitory receptors remains unclear. Secretory lysosomes are part of the acidic lysosomal compartment that mediates intracellular signalling in several cell types. Here we show that educated NK cells expressing self-MHC specific inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) accumulate granzyme B in dense-core secretory lysosomes that converge close to the centrosome. This discrete morphological phenotype is independent of transcriptional programs that regulate effector function, metabolism and lysosomal biogenesis. Meanwhile, interference of signaling from acidic Ca2+ stores in primary NK cells reduces target-specific Ca2+-flux, degranulation and cytokine production. Furthermore, inhibition of PI(3,5)P2 synthesis, or genetic silencing of the PI(3,5)P2-regulated lysosomal Ca2+-channel TRPML1, leads to increased granzyme B and enhanced functional potential, thereby mimicking the educated state. These results indicate an intrinsic role for lysosomal remodeling in NK cell education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie P Goodridge
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benedikt Jacobs
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michelle L Saetersmoen
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dennis Clement
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Quirin Hammer
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Trevor Clancy
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ellen Skarpen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Brech
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johannes Landskron
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christian Grimm
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Munich (LMU), Munich, 80336, Germany
| | - Aline Pfefferle
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonardo Meza-Zepeda
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway.,Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Susanne Lorenz
- Genomics Core Facility, Department of Core Facilities, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, 0310, Norway
| | - Merete Thune Wiiger
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0424, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Heggernes Ask
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lisa L Liu
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vincent Yi Sheng Oei
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Una Kjällquist
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Linnarsson
- Division of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway.,Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Harald Stenmark
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- The KG Jebsen Center for Cancer Immunotherapy, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, 0310, Oslo, Norway. .,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, 14186, Stockholm, Sweden.
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13
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Hibbs ML, Raftery AL, Tsantikos E. Regulation of hematopoietic cell signaling by SHIP-1 inositol phosphatase: growth factors and beyond. Growth Factors 2018; 36:213-231. [PMID: 30764683 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2019.1569649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SHIP-1 is a hematopoietic-specific inositol phosphatase activated downstream of a multitude of receptors including those for growth factors, cytokines, antigen, immunoglobulin and toll-like receptor agonists where it exerts inhibitory control. While it is constitutively expressed in all immune cells, SHIP-1 expression is negatively regulated by the inflammatory and oncogenic micro-RNA miR-155. Knockout mouse studies have shown the importance of SHIP-1 in various immune cell subsets and have revealed a range of immune-mediated pathologies that are engendered due to loss of SHIP-1's regulatory activity, impelling investigations into the role of SHIP-1 in human disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature relating to the role of SHIP-1 in hematopoietic cell signaling and function, we summarize recent reports that highlight the dysregulation of the SHIP-1 pathway in cancers, autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases, and lastly we discuss the importance of SHIP-1 in restraining myeloid growth factor signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Hibbs
- a Department of Immunology and Pathology , Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - April L Raftery
- a Department of Immunology and Pathology , Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Evelyn Tsantikos
- a Department of Immunology and Pathology , Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct Monash University , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
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14
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Gumbleton M, Sudan R, Fernandes S, Engelman RW, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. Dual enhancement of T and NK cell function by pulsatile inhibition of SHIP1 improves antitumor immunity and survival. Sci Signal 2017; 10:10/500/eaam5353. [PMID: 29018171 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aam5353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The success of immunotherapy in some cancer patients has revealed the profound capacity for cytotoxic lymphocytes to eradicate malignancies. Various immunotherapies work by blocking key checkpoint proteins that suppress immune cell activity. The phosphatase SHIP1 (SH2-containing inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase) limits signaling from receptors that activate natural killer (NK) cells and T cells. However, unexpectedly, genetic ablation studies have shown that the effector functions of SHIP1-deficient NK and T cells are compromised in vivo. Because chronic activation of immune cells renders them less responsive to activating signals (a host mechanism to avoid autoimmunity), we hypothesized that the failure of SHIP1 inhibition to induce antitumor immunity in those studies was caused by the permanence of genetic ablation. Accordingly, we found that reversible and pulsatile inhibition of SHIP1 with 3-α-aminocholestane (3AC; "SHIPi") increased the antitumor response of NK and CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo. Transient SHIP1 inhibition in mouse models of lymphoma and colon cancer improved the median and long-term tumor-free survival rates. Adoptive transfer assays showed evidence of immunological memory to the tumor in hematolymphoid cells from SHIPi-treated, long-term surviving mice. The findings suggest that a pulsatile regimen of SHIP1 inhibition might be an effective immunotherapy in some cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gumbleton
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Robert W Engelman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,H. Lee Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. .,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
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15
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Ganesan S, Luu TT, Chambers BJ, Meinke S, Brodin P, Vivier E, Wetzel DM, Koleske AJ, Kadri N, Höglund P. The Abl-1 Kinase is Dispensable for NK Cell Inhibitory Signalling and is not Involved in Murine NK Cell Education. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:135-142. [PMID: 28605050 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell responsiveness in the mouse is determined in an education process guided by inhibitory Ly49 and NKG2A receptors binding to MHC class I molecules. It has been proposed that inhibitory signalling in human NK cells involves Abl-1 (c-Abl)-mediated phosphorylation of Crk, lowering NK cell function via disruption of a signalling complex including C3G and c-Cbl, suggesting that NK cell education might involve c-Abl. Mice deficient in c-Abl expression specifically in murine NK cells displayed normal inhibitory and activating receptor repertoires. Furthermore, c-Abl-deficient NK cells fluxed Ca2+ normally after triggering of ITAM receptors, killed YAC-1 tumour cells efficiently and showed normal, or even slightly elevated, capacity to produce IFN-γ after activating receptor stimulation. Consistent with these results, c-Abl deficiency in NK cells did not affect NK cell inhibition via the receptors Ly49G2, Ly49A and NKG2A. We conclude that signalling downstream of murine inhibitory receptors does not involve c-Abl and that c-Abl plays no major role in NK cell education in the mouse.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ganesan
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T T Luu
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - B J Chambers
- Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, F59, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Meinke
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Neonatology, Karolinska Institutet and Department of Neonatology, Karolinska university Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Vivier
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Université Aix-Marseille UM2, INSERM, U1104, CNRS UMR 7258, Marseille, France.,Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - D M Wetzel
- Department of Pediatrics and Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - A J Koleske
- Immunologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - N Kadri
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Höglund
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Wagner AK, Kadri N, Snäll J, Brodin P, Gilfillan S, Colonna M, Bernhardt G, Höglund P, Kärre K, Chambers BJ. Expression of CD226 is associated to but not required for NK cell education. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15627. [PMID: 28561023 PMCID: PMC5460037 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNAX accessory molecule-1 (DNAM-1, also known as CD226) is an activating receptor expressed on subsets of natural killer (NK) and T cells, interacts with its ligands CD155 or CD112, and has co-varied expression with inhibitory receptors. Since inhibitory receptors control NK-cell activation and are necessary for MHC-I-dependent education, we investigated whether DNAM-1 expression is also involved in NK-cell education. Here we show an MHC-I-dependent correlation between DNAM-1 expression and NK-cell education, and an association between DNAM-1 and NKG2A that occurs even in MHC class I deficient mice. DNAM-1 is expressed early during NK-cell development, precedes the expression of MHC-I-specific inhibitory receptors, and is modulated in an education-dependent fashion. Cd226−/− mice have missing self-responses and NK cells with a normal receptor repertoire. We propose a model in which NK-cell education prevents or delays downregulation of DNAM-1. This molecule endows educated NK cells with enhanced effector functions but is dispensable for education. CD226 is an activating receptor expressed in a co-varied manner with inhibitory receptors on natural killer (NK) cells, but whether CD226 is involved in NK cell education is unclear. Here the authors show that CD226 expression is plastic depending on the MHC environment and endows educated NK cells enhanced effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnika K Wagner
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 16, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hälsovägen 7, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nadir Kadri
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hälsovägen 7, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Johanna Snäll
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, F59, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Brodin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, and Unit of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neonatology, Karolinska University Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susan Gilfillan
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Campus Box 8118, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Marco Colonna
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Campus Box 8118, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Günter Bernhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Building 11, Hannover Medical School, Carl Neuberg Straße1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Petter Höglund
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hälsovägen 7, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Klas Kärre
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 16, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Benedict J Chambers
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, F59, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Pauls SD, Marshall AJ. Regulation of immune cell signaling by SHIP1: A phosphatase, scaffold protein, and potential therapeutic target. Eur J Immunol 2017; 47:932-945. [PMID: 28480512 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide phosphatase SHIP is a critical regulator of immune cell activation. Despite considerable study, the mechanisms controlling SHIP activity to ensure balanced cell activation remain incompletely understood. SHIP dampens BCR signaling in part through its association with the inhibitory coreceptor Fc gamma receptor IIB, and serves as an effector for other inhibitory receptors in various immune cell types. The established paradigm emphasizes SHIP's inhibitory receptor-dependent function in regulating phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling by dephosphorylating the phosphoinositide PI(3,4,5)P3 ; however, substantial evidence indicates that SHIP can be activated independently of inhibitory receptors and can function as an intrinsic brake on activation signaling. Here, we integrate historical and recent reports addressing the regulation and function of SHIP in immune cells, which together indicate that SHIP acts as a multifunctional protein controlled by multiple regulatory inputs, and influences downstream signaling via both phosphatase-dependent and -independent means. We further summarize accumulated evidence regarding the functions of SHIP in B cells, T cells, NK cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, and macrophages, and data suggesting defective expression or activity of SHIP in autoimmune and malignant disorders. Lastly, we discuss the biological activities, therapeutic promise, and limitations of small molecule modulators of SHIP enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Pauls
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Aaron J Marshall
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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18
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He Y, Peng H, Sun R, Wei H, Ljunggren HG, Yokoyama WM, Tian Z. Contribution of inhibitory receptor TIGIT to NK cell education. J Autoimmun 2017; 81:1-12. [PMID: 28438433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Engagement of inhibitory receptors by cognate host MHC-I molecules triggers NK cell education, resulting in functional maturation and allowing NK cells to sense missing-self. However, NK cells also express inhibitory receptors for non-MHC-I ligands and their role in NK cell education is poorly understood. TIGIT is a recently identified inhibitory receptor that recognizes a non-MHC-I ligand CD155. Here, we demonstrated that TIGIT+ NK cells from wild-type mice exerted augmented responsiveness to various stimuli, including targets that lacked expression of CD155 ligand. TIGIT+ NK cells derived from CD155-deficient hosts, however, exhibited functional impairment, indicating that the engagement of TIGIT receptor by host CD155 promoted NK cell functional maturation. Furthermore, TIGIT deficiency impaired NK cell-mediated missing-self recognition and rejection of CD155- targets, such as allogenic splenocytes and certain tumor cells, in an MHC-I-independent and CD226-unrelated manner. Thus, TIGIT-CD155 pathway is also involved in the acquisition of optimal NK cell effector function, representing a novel MHC-I-independent education mechanism for NK cell tolerance and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke He
- Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 16451, Sweden
| | - Wayne M Yokoyama
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, 63123, USA
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Institute of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease of Chinese Academy of Science, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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19
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Yang M, Chen S, Du J, He J, Wang Y, Li Z, Liu G, Peng W, Zeng X, Li D, Xu P, Guo W, Chang Z, Wang S, Tian Z, Dong Z. NK cell development requires Tsc1-dependent negative regulation of IL-15-triggered mTORC1 activation. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12730. [PMID: 27601261 PMCID: PMC5023956 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of metabolic signalling by IL-15 is required for natural killer (NK) cell development. Here we show that Tsc1, a repressor of mTOR, is dispensable for the terminal maturation, survival and function of NK cells but is critical to restrict exhaustive proliferation of immature NK cells and activation downstream of IL-15 during NK cell development. Tsc1 is expressed in immature NK cells and is upregulated by IL-15. Haematopoietic-specific deletion of Tsc1 causes a marked decrease in the number of NK cells and compromises rejection of ‘missing-self' haematopoietic tumours and allogeneic bone marrow. The residual Tsc1-null NK cells display activated, pro-apoptotic phenotype and elevated mTORC1 activity. Deletion of Raptor, a component of mTORC1, largely reverses these defects. Tsc1-deficient NK cells express increased levels of T-bet and downregulate Eomes and CD122, a subunit of IL-15 receptor. These results reveal a role for Tsc1-dependent inhibition of mTORC1 activation during immature NK cell development. IL-15 orchestrates NK cell metabolism, proliferation, and activation. Here the authors show that Tsc1 is dispensable for mature NK cells but is critical for survival of immature NK by preventing their exhaustive proliferation and activation downstream of IL-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiang Yang
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China.,Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Juan Du
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Junming He
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuande Wang
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zehua Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Guangao Liu
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanwen Peng
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaokang Zeng
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dan Li
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Panglian Xu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Wei Guo
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Zai Chang
- Center of Animal Facility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Song Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 340036, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhongjun Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100086, China
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20
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Singh BK, Kambayashi T. The Immunomodulatory Functions of Diacylglycerol Kinase ζ. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:96. [PMID: 27656643 PMCID: PMC5013040 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of diacylglycerol (DAG) is critical for promoting immune cell activation, regulation, and function. Diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ) serves as an important negative regulator of DAG by enzymatically converting DAG into phosphatidic acid (PA) to shut down DAG-mediated signaling. Consequently, the loss of DGKζ increases DAG levels and the duration of DAG-mediated signaling. However, while the enhancement of DAG signaling is thought to augment immune cell function, the loss of DGKζ can result in both immunoactivation and immunomodulation depending on the cell type and function. In this review, we discuss how different immune cell functions can be selectively modulated by DGKζ. Furthermore, we consider how targeting DGKζ can be potentially beneficial for the resolution of human diseases by either promoting immune responses important for protection against infection or cancer or dampening immune responses in immunopathologic conditions such as allergy and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenal K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA, USA
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21
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Freund J, May RM, Yang E, Li H, McCullen M, Zhang B, Lenvik T, Cichocki F, Anderson SK, Kambayashi T. Activating Receptor Signals Drive Receptor Diversity in Developing Natural Killer Cells. PLoS Biol 2016; 14:e1002526. [PMID: 27500644 PMCID: PMC4976927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It has recently been appreciated that NK cells exhibit many features reminiscent of adaptive immune cells. Considerable heterogeneity exists with respect to the ligand specificity of individual NK cells and as such, a subset of NK cells can respond, expand, and differentiate into memory-like cells in a ligand-specific manner. MHC I-binding inhibitory receptors, including those belonging to the Ly49 and KIR families, are expressed in a variegated manner, which creates ligand-specific diversity within the NK cell pool. However, how NK cells determine which inhibitory receptors to express on their cell surface during a narrow window of development is largely unknown. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that signals from activating receptors are critical for induction of Ly49 and KIR receptors during NK cell development; activating receptor-derived signals increased the probability of the Ly49 bidirectional Pro1 promoter to transcribe in the forward versus the reverse direction, leading to stable expression of Ly49 receptors in mature NK cells. Our data support a model where the balance of activating and inhibitory receptor signaling in NK cells selects for the induction of appropriate inhibitory receptors during development, which NK cells use to create a diverse pool of ligand-specific NK cells.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/immunology
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Flow Cytometry
- Genetic Variation/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/metabolism
- Humans
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Ligands
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A/genetics
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A/immunology
- NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily A/metabolism
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/immunology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- Receptors, KIR/immunology
- Receptors, KIR/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Signal Transduction/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn Freund
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rebecca M. May
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Enjun Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Hongchuan Li
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Lab, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew McCullen
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bin Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Todd Lenvik
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Frank Cichocki
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Stephen K. Anderson
- Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Lab, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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22
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Srivastava N, Iyer S, Sudan R, Youngs C, Engelman RW, Howard KT, Russo CM, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. A small-molecule inhibitor of SHIP1 reverses age- and diet-associated obesity and metabolic syndrome. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27536730 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.88544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation is a key etiological phenomenon responsible for the initiation and perpetuation of obesity and diabetes. Novel therapeutic approaches that can specifically target inflammatory pathways are needed to avert this looming epidemic of metabolic disorders. Genetic and chemical inhibition of SH2-containing inositol 5' phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) has been associated with systemic expansion of immunoregulatory cells that promote a lean-body state; however, SHIP1 function in immunometabolism has never been assessed. This led us to investigate the role of SHIP1 in metabolic disorders during excess caloric intake in mice. Using a small-molecule inhibitor of SHIP1 (SHIPi), here we show that SHIPi treatment in mice significantly reduces body weight and fat content, improves control of blood glucose and insulin sensitivity, and increases energy expenditure, despite continued consumption of a high-fat diet. Additionally, SHIPi reduces age-associated fat in mice. We found that SHIPi treatment reverses diet-associated obesity by attenuating inflammation in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). SHIPi treatment increases IL-4-producing eosinophils in VAT and consequently increases both alternatively activated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. In addition, SHIPi decreases the number of IFN-γ-producing T cells and NK cells in VAT. Thus, SHIPi represents an approach that permits control of obesity and diet-induced metabolic syndrome without apparent toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Sonia Iyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Raki Sudan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Christie Youngs
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Robert W Engelman
- Departments of Pathology and Cell Biology and Pediatrics, H. Lee Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, Florida, USA
| | - Kyle T Howard
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | | | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA; Department of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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23
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Kadri N, Wagner AK, Ganesan S, Kärre K, Wickström S, Johansson MH, Höglund P. Dynamic Regulation of NK Cell Responsiveness. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2016; 395:95-114. [PMID: 26658943 DOI: 10.1007/82_2015_485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells deliver cytotoxic granules and immunomodulatory cytokines in response to transformed and virally infected cells. NK cell functions are under the control of a large number of germline-encoded receptors that recognize various ligands on target cells, but NK cells also respond to cytokines in the surrounding environment. The interaction between NK cell receptors and their ligands delivers either inhibitory or activating signals. The cytokine milieu further shapes NK cell responses, either directly or by influencing the way inhibitory or activating signals are perceived by NK cells. In this review, we discuss how NK cell function is controlled by inhibitory receptors and MHC-I molecules, how activating receptors contribute to NK cell education, and finally, how cytokines secreted by the surrounding cells affect NK cell responsiveness. Inputs at these three levels involve different cell types and are seamlessly integrated to form a functional NK cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadir Kadri
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Arnika Kathleen Wagner
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sridharan Ganesan
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klas Kärre
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Stina Wickström
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria H Johansson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Karolinska Institutet, 141 86, Stockholm, Sweden.
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24
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Yang E, Singh BK, Paustian AMS, Kambayashi T. Diacylglycerol Kinase ζ Is a Target To Enhance NK Cell Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:934-41. [PMID: 27342844 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of NK cell function could be beneficial in treatment of a variety of tumors and infections. However, efforts to improve NK cell function by disrupting negative regulators that target proximal signaling pathways paradoxically results in hyporesponsive rather than hyperresponsive NK cells. In this study, we demonstrate that genetic deletion of diacylglycerol kinase (DGK)ζ, a negative regulator of diacylglycerol-mediated signaling, has the desired effect of enhancing NK cell function due to its distal position in the activating receptor-mediated signaling cascade. Upon stimulation through multiple activating receptors, NK cells from mice lacking DGKζ display increased cytokine production and degranulation in an ERK-dependent manner. Additionally, they have improved cytotoxic functions against tumor cell lines. The enhancement of NK cell function by DGKζ deficiency is NK cell-intrinsic and developmentally independent. Importantly, DGKζ deficiency does not affect inhibitory NK cell receptor expression or function. Thus, DGKζ knockout mice display improved missing self recognition, as evidenced by enhanced rejection of a TAP-deficient tumor in vivo. We propose that enzymes that negatively regulate distal activating receptor signaling pathways such as DGKζ represent novel targets for augmenting the therapeutic potential of NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjun Yang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Brenal K Singh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Amanda M Schmidt Paustian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Taku Kambayashi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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25
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Kadri N, Thanh TL, Höglund P. Selection, tuning, and adaptation in mouse NK cell education. Immunol Rev 2016; 267:167-77. [PMID: 26284477 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells recognize transformed cells with an array of germline-encoded inhibitory and activating receptors. Inhibitory Ly49 receptors bind major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules, providing a mechanism by which NK cells maintain self-tolerance yet eliminate cells expressing reduced levels of MHC-I. Additionally, MHC-I molecules are required for NK cell education, a process in which NK cells acquire responsiveness. In this review, we discuss three facets of MHC class I-dependent education of mouse NK cells: skewing of the inhibitory receptor repertoire, induction of functional responsiveness, and tuning in response to changes in MHC-I expression. We discuss prevailing models for education such as licensing and disarming and propose a model for positive selection of 'useful' NK cell subsets. Furthermore, we argue that both repertoire skewing and functional NK cell education may be altered in mature NK cells subject to changes in MHC-I input and suggest that this process may provide increased dynamics to the NK cell system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadir Kadri
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thuy Luu Thanh
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Höglund
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine (HERM), Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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A hematopoietic cell-driven mechanism involving SLAMF6 receptor, SAP adaptors and SHP-1 phosphatase regulates NK cell education. Nat Immunol 2016; 17:387-96. [PMID: 26878112 DOI: 10.1038/ni.3369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Activation of natural killer (NK) cells by hematopoietic target cells is controlled by the SLAM family of receptors and by the associated SAP family of adaptors. Here we found that SLAM receptors also enhanced NK cell activation by nonhematopoietic target cells, which lack ligands for SLAM receptors. This function was mediated by SLAMF6, a homotypic SLAM receptor found on NK cells and other hematopoietic cells, and was regulated by SAP adaptors, which uncoupled SLAM receptors from phosphatase SHP-1 and diminished the effect of SLAMF6 on NK cell responsiveness toward nonhematopoietic cells. Thus, in addition to their role in NK cell activation by hematopoietic cells, the SLAM-SAP pathways influence responsiveness toward nonhematopoietic targets by a process akin to NK cell 'education'.
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27
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Regulation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3/Akt signalling by inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases. Biochem Soc Trans 2016; 44:240-52. [DOI: 10.1042/bst20150214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) generated lipid signals, PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 and PtdIns(3,4)P2, are both required for the maximal activation of the serine/threonine kinase proto-oncogene Akt. The inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases (5-phosphatases) hydrolyse the 5-position phosphate from the inositol head group of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 to yield PtdIns(3,4)P2. Extensive work has revealed several 5-phosphatases inhibit PI3K-driven Akt signalling, by decreasing PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 despite increasing cellular levels of PtdIns(3,4)P2. The roles that 5-phosphatases play in suppressing cell proliferation and transformation are slow to emerge; however, the 5-phosphatase PIPP [proline-rich inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase; inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase (INPP5J)] has recently been identified as a putative tumour suppressor in melanoma and breast cancer and SHIP1 [SH2 (Src homology 2)-containing inositol phosphatase 1] inhibits haematopoietic cell proliferation. INPP5E regulates cilia stability and INPP5E mutations have been implicated ciliopathy syndromes. This review will examine 5-phosphatase regulation of PI3K/Akt signalling, focussing on the role PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 5-phosphatases play in developmental diseases and cancer.
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28
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Russo CM, Adhikari AA, Wallach DR, Fernandes S, Balch AN, Kerr WG, Chisholm JD. Synthesis and initial evaluation of quinoline-based inhibitors of the SH2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase (SHIP). Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:5344-8. [PMID: 26453006 PMCID: PMC4628863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, inhibition of the SH2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) has become an attractive strategy for facilitating engraftment of MHC-I mismatched bone marrow grafts, increasing the number of adult stem cells in vivo, and inducing mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells. Utilizing high-throughput screening, two quinoline small molecules (NSC13480 and NSC305787) that inhibit SHIP1 enzymatic activity were discovered. New syntheses of these inhibitors have been developed which verified the relative stereochemistry of these structures. Utilizing this synthetic route, some analogs of these quinolines have been prepared and tested for their ability to inhibit SHIP. These structure activity studies determined that an amine tethered to the quinoline core is required for SHIP inhibition. SHIP inhibition may explain the antitumor effects of similar quinoline amino alcohols and provides an impetus for further synthetic studies in this class of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
| | - Arijit A Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
| | - Daniel R Wallach
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
| | - Sandra Fernandes
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Amanda N Balch
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, 750 East Adams Street, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - John D Chisholm
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 1-014 Center for Science and Technology, Syracuse, NY 13244-4100, USA
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29
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Anderson CK, Salter AI, Toussaint LE, Reilly EC, Fugère C, Srivastava N, Kerr WG, Brossay L. Role of SHIP1 in Invariant NKT Cell Development and Functions. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:2149-2156. [PMID: 26232432 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
SHIP1 is a 5'-inositol phosphatase known to negatively regulate the signaling product of the PI3K pathway, phosphatidylinositol (3-5)-trisphosphate. SHIP1 is recruited to a large number of inhibitory receptors expressed on invariant NK (iNKT) cells. We hypothesized that SHIP1 deletion would have major effects on iNKT cell development by altering the thresholds for positive and negative selection. Germline SHIP1 deletion has been shown to affect T cells as well as other immune cell populations. However, the role of SHIP1 on T cell function has been controversial, and its participation on iNKT cell development and function has not been examined. We evaluated the consequences of SHIP1 deletion on iNKT cells using germline-deficient mice, chimeric mice, and conditionally deficient mice. We found that T cell and iNKT cell development are impaired in germline-deficient animals. However, this phenotype can be rescued by extrinsic expression of SHIP1. In contrast, SHIP1 is required cell autonomously for optimal iNKT cell cytokine secretion. This suggests that SHIP1 calibrates the threshold of iNKT cell reactivity. These data further our understanding of how iNKT cell activation is regulated and provide insights into the biology of this unique cell lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K Anderson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Alexander I Salter
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Leon E Toussaint
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Emma C Reilly
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Céline Fugère
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
| | - Neetu Srivastava
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - William G Kerr
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210.,Chemistry Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13210
| | - Laurent Brossay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Division of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
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30
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Fernandes S, Brooks R, Gumbleton M, Park MY, Russo CM, Howard KT, Chisholm JD, Kerr WG. SHIPi Enhances Autologous and Allogeneic Hematolymphoid Stem Cell Transplantation. EBioMedicine 2015; 2:205-213. [PMID: 26052545 PMCID: PMC4452032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a highly effective procedure enabling long-term survival for patients with hematologic malignancy or heritable defects. Although there has been a dramatic increase in the success rate of HSCT over the last two decades, HSCT can result in serious, sometimes untreatable disease due to toxic conditioning regimens and Graft-versus-Host-Disease. Studies utilizing germline knockout mice have discovered several candidate genes that could be targeted pharmacologically to create a more favorable environment for transplant success. SHIP1 deficiency permits improved engraftment of hematopoietic stem-progenitor cells (HS-PCs) and produces an immunosuppressive microenvironment ideal for incoming allogeneic grafts. The recent development of small molecule SHIP1 inhibitors has opened a different therapeutic approach by creating transient SHIP1-deficiency. Here we show that SHIP1 inhibition (SHIPi) mobilizes functional HS-PC, accelerates hematologic recovery, and enhances donor HS-PC engraftment in both allogeneic and autologous transplant settings. We also observed the expansion of key cell populations known to suppress host-reactive cells formed during engraftment. Therefore, SHIPi represents a non-toxic, new therapeutic that has significant potential to improve the success and safety of therapies that utilize autologous and allogeneic HSCT. SHIPi facilitates HS-PC mobilization. SHIPi facilitates engraftment of autologous BM without myeloablation. SHIPi enhances engraftment of allogeneic BM without cytotoxic effects on the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Fernandes
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Robert Brooks
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Matthew Gumbleton
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Mi-Young Park
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | | | - Kyle T Howard
- Dept. of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - John D Chisholm
- Dept. of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - William G Kerr
- Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA ; Dept. of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA ; Dept. of Pediatrics, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
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