1
|
Gebremicael G, Gebreegziabxier A, Kassa D. Low transcriptomic of PTPRCv1 and CD3E is an independent predictor of mortality in HIV and tuberculosis co-infected patient. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10133. [PMID: 35710869 PMCID: PMC9203579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive assessment of immunological profiles during HIV-TB co-infection is essential to predict mortality, and facilitate the development of effective diagnostic assays, therapeutic agents, and vaccines. Expression levels of 105 immune-related genes were measured at enrolment and 6th month follow-up from 9 deceased HIV and TB coinfected patients who died between 3 and 7th months follow-up and at enrolment, 6th and 18th month from 18 survived matched controls groups for 2 years. Focused gene expression profiling was assessed from peripheral whole blood using a dual-color Reverse-Transcription Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification assay. Eleven of the 105 selected genes were differentially expressed between deceased individuals and survivor-matched controls at baseline. At baseline, IL4δ2 was significantly more highly expressed in the deceased group than survivor matched controls, whereas CD3E, IL7R, PTPRCv1, CCL4, GNLY, BCL2, CCL5, NOD1, TLR3, and NLRP13 had significantly lower expression levels in the deceased group compared to survivor matched controls. At baseline, a non-parametric receiver operator characteristic curve was conducted to determine the prediction of mortality of single genes identified CCL5, PTPRCv1, CD3E, and IL7R with Area under the Curve of 0.86, 0.86, 0.86, and 0.85 respectively. The expression of these genes in the survived control was increased at the end of TB treatment from that at baseline, while decreased in the deceased group. The expression of PTPRCv1, CD3E, CCL5, and IL7R host genes in peripheral blood of patients with TB-HIV coinfected can potentially be used as a predictor of mortality in the Ethiopian setting. Anti-TB treatment might be less likely to restore gene expression in the level expression of the deceased group. Therefore, other new therapeutics that can restore these genes (PTPRCv1, CD3E, IL7R, and CCL5) in the deceased groups at baseline might be needed to save lives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Desta Kassa
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), P.O.Box: 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Engel B, Laschtowitz A, Janik MK, Junge N, Baumann U, Milkiewicz P, Taubert R, Sebode M. Genetic aspects of adult and pediatric autoimmune hepatitis: A concise review. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104214. [PMID: 33812046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is a heterogenous, mostly chronic liver disease that affects people of all age groups, women more often than men. The aim of therapy is to prevent cirrhosis, as it mainly accounts for liver-related mortality in patients with AIH. Rates of remission are high in patients with AIH, but life-long immunosuppressive therapy is required. AIH is hypothesized to originate from immunologic reactivity targeted against mostly unknown self-antigens, potentially triggered by viral infections among other factors. While AIH does not follow a Mendelian inheritance pattern, part of the risk of developing AIH or worse disease course, is attributed to specific genetic risk factors. Major associations for the risk of development of AIH were found for HLA-DRB1*03:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:01 in adult AIH in the only genome-wide association study on AIH. However, other potential risk loci in SH2B3, CARD10 and KIR genes were described. This review covers the current knowledge on genetic risk factors in adult and pediatric AIH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Engel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany.
| | - Alena Laschtowitz
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Maciej K Janik
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Norman Junge
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Ulrich Baumann
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Pediatric Kidney, Liver and Metabolic Diseases, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Piotr Milkiewicz
- Liver and Internal Medicine Unit, Department of General, Transplant and Liver Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Translational Medicine Group, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Richard Taubert
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| | - Marcial Sebode
- I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; European Reference Network on Hepatological Diseases (ERN RARE-LIVER), Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Castro-Sanchez P, Teagle AR, Prade S, Zamoyska R. Modulation of TCR Signaling by Tyrosine Phosphatases: From Autoimmunity to Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:608747. [PMID: 33425916 PMCID: PMC7793860 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Early TCR signaling is dependent on rapid phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of multiple signaling and adaptor proteins, leading to T cell activation. This process is tightly regulated by an intricate web of interactions between kinases and phosphatases. A number of tyrosine phosphatases have been shown to modulate T cell responses and thus alter T cell fate by negatively regulating early TCR signaling. Mutations in some of these enzymes are associated with enhanced predisposition to autoimmunity in humans, and mouse models deficient in orthologous genes often show T cell hyper-activation. Therefore, phosphatases are emerging as potential targets in situations where it is desirable to enhance T cell responses, such as immune responses to tumors. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about tyrosine phosphatases that regulate early TCR signaling and discuss their involvement in autoimmunity and their potential as targets for tumor immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Castro-Sanchez
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandra R Teagle
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Prade
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rose Zamoyska
- Ashworth Laboratories, Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cytokines and Transgenic Matrix in Autoimmune Diseases: Similarities and Differences. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8120559. [PMID: 33271810 PMCID: PMC7761121 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8120559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are increasingly recognized as disease entities in which dysregulated cytokines contribute to tissue-specific inflammation. In organ-specific and multiorgan autoimmune diseases, the cytokine profiles show some similarities. Despite these similarities, the cytokines have different roles in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Altered levels or action of cytokines can result from changes in cell signaling. This article describes alterations in the JAK-STAT, TGF-β and NF-κB signaling pathways, which are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. There is a special focus on T cells in preclinical models and in patients afflicted with these chronic inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
5
|
Silva SL, Fonseca M, Pereira MLM, Silva SP, Barbosa RR, Serra-Caetano A, Blanco E, Rosmaninho P, Pérez-Andrés M, Sousa AB, Raposo AASF, Gama-Carvalho M, Victorino RMM, Hammarstrom L, Sousa AE. Monozygotic Twins Concordant for Common Variable Immunodeficiency: Strikingly Similar Clinical and Immune Profile Associated With a Polygenic Burden. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2503. [PMID: 31824477 PMCID: PMC6882918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Monozygotic twins provide a unique opportunity to better understand complex genetic diseases and the relative contribution of heritable factors in shaping the immune system throughout life. Common Variable Immunodeficiency Disorders (CVID) are primary antibody defects displaying wide phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity, with monogenic transmission accounting for only a minority of the cases. Here, we report a pair of monozygotic twins concordant for CVID without a family history of primary immunodeficiency. They featured a remarkably similar profile of clinical manifestations and immunological alterations at diagnosis (established at age 37) and along the subsequent 15 years of follow-up. Interestingly, whole-exome sequencing failed to identify a monogenic cause for CVID, but unraveled a combination of heterozygous variants, with a predicted deleterious impact. These variants were found in genes involved in relevant immunological pathways, such as JUN, PTPRC, TLR1, ICAM1, and JAK3. The potential for combinatorial effects translating into the observed disease phenotype is inferred from their roles in immune pathways, namely in T and B cell activation. The combination of these genetic variants is also likely to impose a significant constraint on environmental influences, resulting in a similar immunological phenotype in both twins, despite exposure to different living conditions. Overall, these cases stress the importance of integrating NGS data with clinical and immunological phenotypes at the single-cell level, as provided by multi-dimensional flow-cytometry, in order to understand the complex genetic landscape underlying the vast majority of patients with CVID, as well as those with other immunodeficiencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana L Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mariana Fonseca
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marcelo L M Pereira
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sara P Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rita R Barbosa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Serra-Caetano
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elena Blanco
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Cancer-CIBER-CIBERONC, Number CB16/12/00400, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Rosmaninho
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Martin Pérez-Andrés
- Department of Medicine, Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre on Cancer-CIBER-CIBERONC, Number CB16/12/00400, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Berta Sousa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alexandre A S F Raposo
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gama-Carvalho
- Faculty of Sciences, BioISI-Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, University of Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui M M Victorino
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Ana E Sousa
- Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Centro de Imunodeficiências Primárias, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte and Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa and Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Peterson E, Steuer A, Franco L, Nolan M, Lo Sicco K, Franks A. Morphoea induced by treatment with interferon beta‐1a. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:244-246. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Peterson
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology New York University School of Medicine New York NY U.S.A
| | - A. Steuer
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology New York University School of Medicine New York NY U.S.A
| | - L. Franco
- Division of Dermatology Albert Einstein College of Medicine Montefiore, Bronx, New York NY U.S.A
| | - M.A. Nolan
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease Northwell Health/Lenox Hill Hospital New York NY U.S.A
| | - K. Lo Sicco
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology New York University School of Medicine New York NY U.S.A
| | - A.G. Franks
- The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology New York University School of Medicine New York NY U.S.A
- Division of Rheumatology New York University School of Medicine New York NY U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
CD45 in human physiology and clinical medicine. Immunol Lett 2018; 196:22-32. [PMID: 29366662 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
CD45 is an evolutionary highly conserved receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase exclusively expressed on all nucleated cells of the hematopoietic system. It is characterized by the expression of several isoforms, specific to a certain cell type and the developmental or activation status of the cell. CD45 is one of the key players in the initiation of T cell receptor signaling by controlling the activation of the Src family protein-tyrosine kinases Lck and Fyn. CD45 deficiency results in T- and B-lymphocyte dysfunction in the form of severe combined immune deficiency. It also plays a significant role in autoimmune diseases and cancer as well as in infectious diseases including fungal infections. The knowledge collected on CD45 biology is rather vast, but it remains unclear whether all findings in rodent immune cells also apply to human CD45. This review focuses on human CD45 expression and function and provides an overview on its ligands and role in human pathology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Landskron J, Kraggerud SM, Wik E, Dørum A, Bjørnslett M, Melum E, Helland Ø, Bjørge L, Lothe RA, Salvesen HB, Taskén K. C77G in PTPRC (CD45) is no risk allele for ovarian cancer, but associated with less aggressive disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182030. [PMID: 28759630 PMCID: PMC5536273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pan lymphocyte marker CD45 exists in various isoforms arising from alternative splicing of the exons 4, 5 and 6. While naïve T cells express CD45RA translated from an mRNA containing exon 4, exons 4–6 are spliced out to encode the shorter CD45R0 in antigen-experienced effector/memory T cells. The SNP C77G (rs17612648) is located in exon 4 and blocks the exon’s differential splicing from the pre-mRNA, enforcing expression of CD45RA. Several studies have linked C77G to autoimmune diseases but lack of validation in other cohorts has left its role elusive. An incidental finding in an ovarian cancer patient cohort from West Norway (Bergen region, n = 312), suggested that the frequency of C77G was higher among ovarian cancer patients than in healthy Norwegians (n = 1,357) (3.0% vs. 1.8% allele frequency). However, this finding could not be validated in a larger patient cohort from South-East Norway (Oslo region, n = 1,198) with 1.2% allele frequency. Hence, C77G is not associated with ovarian cancer in the Norwegian population. However, its frequency was increased in patients with FIGO stage II, endometrioid histology or an age at diagnosis of 60 years or older indicating a possible association with a less aggressive cancer type.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Landskron
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sigrid M. Kraggerud
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers CCBIO, Department of Clinical Medicine, Section for Pathology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Anne Dørum
- Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Merete Bjørnslett
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Melum
- Norwegian PSC Research Centre, Department of Transplantation Medicine, Division of Surgery, Inflammatory Medicine and Transplantation, Oslo University Hospital, The National Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Helland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Bjørge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A. Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Cancer Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Colorectal Cancer Research Centre, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helga B. Salvesen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjetil Taskén
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Inflammation Research Centre, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Overexpression of CD45RA isoforms in carriers of the C77G mutation leads to hyporeactivity of CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ regulatory T cells. Genes Immun 2015; 16:519-27. [PMID: 26355564 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2015.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Disorders in regulatory T-cell (T(reg)) function can result in the breakdown of immunological self-tolerance. Thus, the identification of mechanisms controlling the activity of T(reg) is of great relevance. We used T(reg) from individuals carrying the C77G polymorphism as models to study the role of CD45 molecules in humans. C77G prevents splicing of CD45 exon A thereby leading to an aberrant expression pattern of CD45 isoforms in affected individuals. Resting and in vitro expanded/activated CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) T(reg) from carriers of C77G strongly expressed CD45RA isoforms whereas these isoforms were almost absent in cells from individuals with wild-type CD45. C77G T(reg) showed diminished upregulation of activation markers, lower phosphorylation of p56(lck)(Y505) and a reduced proliferative potential when stimulated with anti-TcR or anti-TcR plus CD28 mAb suggesting decreased responsiveness to activating stimuli. In addition, the capacity to suppress proliferation of conventional CD4(+) T cells was impaired in C77G T(reg). Furthermore, microarray studies revealed distinct gene expression patterns in T(reg) from C77G carriers. These data suggest that the changes in CD45 isoform combination resulting from the C77G mutation alter the responsiveness of T(reg) to TcR-mediated signaling. Targeting CD45 isoform expression might be a useful approach to modulate T(reg) function.
Collapse
|
10
|
Rother S, Hundrieser J, Pokoyski C, Kollrich S, Borns K, Blasczyk R, Poehnert D, Klempnauer J, Schwinzer R. The c.503T>C Polymorphism in the Human KLRB1 Gene Alters Ligand Binding and Inhibitory Potential of CD161 Molecules. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135682. [PMID: 26309225 PMCID: PMC4550425 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying genetic diversity of immunologically relevant molecules can improve our knowledge on their functional spectrum in normal immune responses and may also uncover a possible role of different variants in diseases. We characterized the c.503T>C polymorphism in the human KLRB1 gene (Killer cell lectin-like receptor, subfamily B, member 1) coding for the cell surface receptor CD161. CD161 is expressed by subsets of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and the great majority of CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells, acting as inhibitory receptor in the latter population. Genotyping a cohort of 118 healthy individuals revealed 40% TT homozygotes, 46% TC heterozygotes, and 14% carriers of CC. There was no difference in the frequency of CD161 expressing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells between the different genotypes. However, the frequency of CD161+ NK cells was significantly decreased in CC carriers as compared to TT homozygotes. c.503T>C causes an amino acid exchange (p.Ile168Thr) in an extracellular loop of the CD161 receptor, which is regarded to be involved in binding of its ligand Lectin-like transcript 1 (LLT1). Binding studies using soluble LLT1-Fc on 293 transfectants over-expressing CD161 receptors from TT or CC carriers suggested diminished binding to the CC variant. Furthermore, triggering of CD161 either by LLT1 or anti-CD161 antibodies inhibited NK cell activation less effectively in cells from CC individuals than cells from TT carriers. These data suggest that the c.503T>C polymorphism is associated with structural alterations of the CD161 receptor. The regulation of NK cell homeostasis and activation apparently differs between carriers of the CC and TT variant of CD161.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Rother
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Joachim Hundrieser
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Pokoyski
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonja Kollrich
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Katja Borns
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Department for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel Poehnert
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klempnauer
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schwinzer
- Transplant Laboratory, Department for General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Suarez GV, Angerami MT, Vecchione MB, Laufer N, Turk G, Ruiz MJ, Mesch V, Fabre B, Maidana P, Ameri D, Cahn P, Sued O, Salomón H, Bottasso OA, Quiroga MF. HIV-TB coinfection impairs CD8(+) T-cell differentiation and function while dehydroepiandrosterone improves cytotoxic antitubercular immune responses. Eur J Immunol 2015; 45:2529-41. [PMID: 26047476 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death among HIV-positive patients. The decreasing frequencies of terminal effector (TTE ) CD8(+) T cells may increase reactivation risk in persons latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We have previously shown that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) increases the protective antitubercular immune responses in HIV-TB patients. Here, we aimed to study Mtb-specific cytotoxicity, IFN-γ secretion, memory status of CD8(+) T cells, and their modulation by DHEA during HIV-TB coinfection. CD8(+) T cells from HIV-TB patients showed a more differentiated phenotype with diminished naïve and higher effector memory and TTE T-cell frequencies compared to healthy donors both in total and Mtb-specific CD8(+) T cells. Notably, CD8(+) T cells from HIV-TB patients displayed higher Terminal Effector (TTE ) CD45RA(dim) proportions with lower CD45RA expression levels, suggesting a not fully differentiated phenotype. Also, PD-1 expression levels on CD8(+) T cells from HIV-TB patients increased although restricted to the CD27(+) population. Interestingly, DHEA plasma levels positively correlated with TTE in CD8(+) T cells and in vitro DHEA treatment enhanced Mtb-specific cytotoxic responses and terminal differentiation in CD8(+) T cells from HIV-TB patients. Our data suggest that HIV-TB coinfection promotes a deficient CD8(+) T-cell differentiation, whereas DHEA may contribute to improving antitubercular immunity by enhancing CD8(+) T-cell functions during HIV-TB coinfection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe V Suarez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - Matías T Angerami
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - María B Vecchione
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - Natalia Laufer
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina.,Hospital Juan A. Fernández, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Turk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - Maria J Ruiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - Viviana Mesch
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Bibiana Fabre
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Maidana
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, INFIBIOC, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Ameri
- Hospital Juan A. Fernández, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro Cahn
- Hospital Juan A. Fernández, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Área de Investigaciones Médicas, Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Omar Sued
- Área de Investigaciones Médicas, Fundación Huésped, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Horacio Salomón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| | - Oscar A Bottasso
- Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario (IDICER), CONICET-UNR, Rosario, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María F Quiroga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires - CONICET, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chang HH, Tseng W, Cui J, Costenbader K, Ho IC. Altered expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 isoforms in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R14. [PMID: 24433447 PMCID: PMC3979039 DOI: 10.1186/ar4440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A C-to-T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) located at position 1858 of human protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) complementary DNA (cDNA) is associated with an increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). How the overall activity of PTPN22 is regulated and how the expression of PTPN22 differs between healthy individuals and patients with lupus are poorly understood. Our objectives were to identify novel alternatively spliced forms of PTPN22 and to examine the expression of PTPN22 isoforms in healthy donors and patients with lupus. Methods Various human PTPN22 isoforms were identified from the GenBank database or amplified directly from human T cells. The expression of these isoforms in primary T cells and macrophages was examined with real-time polymerase chain reaction. The function of the isoforms was determined with luciferase assays. Blood samples were collected from 49 subjects with SLE and 15 healthy controls. Correlation between the level of PTPN22 isoforms in peripheral blood and clinical features of SLE was examined with statistical analyses. Results Human PTPN22 was expressed in several isoforms, which differed in their level of expression and subcellular localization. All isoforms except one were functionally interchangeable in regulating NFAT activity. SLE patients expressed higher levels of PTPN22 than healthy individuals and the levels of PTPN22 were negatively correlated with the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC-DI). Conclusions The overall activity of PTPN22 is determined by the functional balance among all isoforms. The levels of PTPN22 isoforms in peripheral blood could represent a useful biomarker of SLE.
Collapse
|
13
|
Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease. J Cell Commun Signal 2012; 6:125-38. [PMID: 22851429 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a fundamental regulatory mechanism controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, communication, and adhesion. Disruption of this key regulatory mechanism contributes to a variety of human diseases including cancer, diabetes, and auto-immune diseases. Net protein tyrosine phosphorylation is determined by the dynamic balance of the activity of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Mammals express many distinct PTKs and PTPs. Both of these families can be sub-divided into non-receptor and receptor subtypes. Receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RPTKs) comprise a large family of cell surface proteins that initiate intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signal transduction in response to binding of extracellular ligands, such as growth factors and cytokines. Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are enzymatic and functional counterparts of RPTKs. RPTPs are a family of integral cell surface proteins that possess intracellular PTP activity, and extracellular domains that have sequence homology to cell adhesion molecules. In comparison to extensively studied RPTKs, much less is known about RPTPs, especially regarding their substrate specificities, regulatory mechanisms, biological functions, and their roles in human diseases. Based on the structure of their extracellular domains, the RPTP family can be grouped into eight sub-families. This article will review one representative member from each RPTP sub-family.
Collapse
|
14
|
Thude H, Schipler AD, Treszl A, Sterneck M, Nashan B. No association between transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C (PTPRC) exon A 77C>G transversion and liver transplant rejection. Int J Immunogenet 2012; 39:437-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2012.01119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
15
|
Gabaev I, Steinbrück L, Pokoyski C, Pich A, Stanton RJ, Schwinzer R, Schulz TF, Jacobs R, Messerle M, Kay-Fedorov PC. The human cytomegalovirus UL11 protein interacts with the receptor tyrosine phosphatase CD45, resulting in functional paralysis of T cells. PLoS Pathog 2011; 7:e1002432. [PMID: 22174689 PMCID: PMC3234252 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) exerts diverse and complex effects on the immune system, not all of which have been attributed to viral genes. Acute CMV infection results in transient restrictions in T cell proliferative ability, which can impair the control of the virus and increase the risk of secondary infections in patients with weakened or immature immune systems. In a search for new immunomodulatory proteins, we investigated the UL11 protein, a member of the CMV RL11 family. This protein family is defined by the RL11 domain, which has homology to immunoglobulin domains and adenoviral immunomodulatory proteins. We show that pUL11 is expressed on the cell surface and induces intercellular interactions with leukocytes. This was demonstrated to be due to the interaction of pUL11 with the receptor tyrosine phosphatase CD45, identified by mass spectrometry analysis of pUL11-associated proteins. CD45 expression is sufficient to mediate the interaction with pUL11 and is required for pUL11 binding to T cells, indicating that pUL11 is a specific CD45 ligand. CD45 has a pivotal function regulating T cell signaling thresholds; in its absence, the Src family kinase Lck is inactive and signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) is therefore shut off. In the presence of pUL11, several CD45-mediated functions were inhibited. The induction of tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple signaling proteins upon TCR stimulation was reduced and T cell proliferation was impaired. We therefore conclude that pUL11 has immunosuppressive properties, and that disruption of T cell function via inhibition of CD45 is a previously unknown immunomodulatory strategy of CMV. The human cytomegalovirus (CMV) belongs to a class of viruses that interferes with the immune response of its host. Accordingly, infection with CMV is a severe risk for immunologically immature newborns and immunocompromised patients such as transplant recipients. The mechanisms by which CMV affects the immune system are not completely understood. Here we show that a CMV protein, pUL11, which is expressed on the surface of cells, binds to leukocytes by interacting with the receptor tyrosine phosphatase CD45. In T cells, CD45 is essential for transmission of activating signals received via the T cell receptor (TCR) to downstream effector molecules that ultimately lead to activation and proliferation of these immune cells. Binding of the CMV pUL11 protein to CD45 on T cells prevents signal transduction via the TCR and restricts T cell proliferation. Interestingly, the mechanism by which the activity of CD45 is regulated is a matter of debate and no specific cellular ligand of CD45 has yet been described. The identification of a first viral ligand for CD45 may provide the means to investigate CD45 regulatory mechanisms and also allow the development of therapies to interfere with CMV-mediated immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ildar Gabaev
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Steinbrück
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Claudia Pokoyski
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Richard J. Stanton
- Section of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Reinhard Schwinzer
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Schulz
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roland Jacobs
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Messerle
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Branch DR. Role of G protein-coupled vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in HIV integration. Future Virol 2011. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.11.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of HIV infection is closely linked to the replication of the virus in vivo. Even though the progress in anti-HIV-1 chemotherapy in the past several years has been dramatic, the efficient protection against HIV-1 infection still remains one of the most important global challenges. The complete blockage of AIDS progression appears to be difficult with current treatment due to the rapid occurrence of viral drug-resistance, increasing cost and the likelihood of adverse side effects. Furthermore, although originally regarded with high hope, development of a suitable vaccine appears to be years away. The purpose of this article is to describe previous findings regarding a potentially important role of the vasoactive intestinal peptide/pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (VPAC) family of G protein-coupled receptors in HIV-1 infection, to provide evidence for the involvement of these receptors in providing signals that can control the integration of the virus into the host DNA and to report new findings that support a role for VPAC receptors in the facilitation of HIV integration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald R Branch
- Research & Development, Canadian Blood Services, Immunology Hub, Toronto Centre, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang S, Zheng M, Kibe R, Huang Y, Marrero L, Warren S, Zieske AW, Iwakuma T, Kolls JK, Cui Y. Trp53 negatively regulates autoimmunity via the STAT3-Th17 axis. FASEB J 2011; 25:2387-98. [PMID: 21471252 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-175299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the tumor suppressor p53 is also a crucial regulator for many physiological processes. Previous observations indicate that p53 suppresses inflammation by inhibiting inflammatory antigen-presenting cells. To investigate the potential role of p53 in autoimmune effector T cells, we generated p53(null)CD45.1 mice by crossing p53(null)CD45.2 and CD45.1 mice. We demonstrate that p53(null)CD45.1 mice spontaneously developed autoimmunity, with a significant increase in IL-17-producing Th17 effectors in their lymph nodes (4.7 ± 1.0%) compared to the age-matched counterparts (1.9 ± 0.8% for p53(null)CD45.2, 1.1 ± 0.2% for CD45.1, and 0.5 ± 0.1% for CD45.2 mice). Likewise, p53(null)CD45.1 mice possess highly elevated serum levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-17 and IL-6. This enhanced Th17 response results largely from an increased sensitivity of p53(null)CD45.1 T cells to IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Administration of STAT3 inhibitor S31-201 (IC50 of 38.0 ± 7.2 μM for IL-6-induced STAT3 phosphorylation), but not PBS control, to p53(null)CD45.1 mice suppressed Th17 effectors and alleviated autoimmune pathology. This is the first report revealing that p53 activity in T cells suppresses autoimmunity by controlling Th17 effectors. This study suggests that p53 serves as a guardian of immunological functions and that the p53-STAT3-Th17 axis might be a therapeutic target for autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhong Zhang
- Gene Therapy Program, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 533 Bolivar St., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Samaan S, Guérin-El Khourouj V, Auboeuf D, Peltier L, Pédron B, Ouachée-Chardin M, Gourgouillon N, Baruchel A, Dalle JH, Sterkers G. Outcome of children treated with haematopoietic-stem cell transplantations from donors expressing the rare C77G variant of the PTPRC (CD45) gene. Br J Haematol 2011; 153:47-57. [PMID: 21323873 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2011.08568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The uncommon C77G polymorphism of the Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPRC) gene (PTPRC; previously termed CD45) could confer an increased risk of immunopathology. This study compared the outcome of children following human leucocyte antigen-matched unrelated haematopoïetic-stem cell transplantations (HSCT) from donors carrying (C77G cases: n = 8) or not (controls: n = 36) the PTPRC C77G polymorphism. Transmission of the PTPRC C77G polymorphism through the graft was suggested by unusual CD45RA phenotype in the donors and/or in the recipients after, but not before HSCT. Restriction-Fragment Length Polymorphism and sequencing confirmed the polymorphism. Overall survival rates were similar in C77G cases and controls (63% vs. 61%). Acute leukaemia relapse tended to be less frequent in C77G cases (0% vs. 32%; P = 0·09). Among recipients surviving ≥ 30 d, acute GVHD (aGVHD) ≥ grade 2 tended to be more frequent (100% vs. 58%; P = 0·07) and the rate of steroid-refractory or -dependant aGVHD higher (67% vs. 28%) in C77G cases. Finally, extensive chronic GVHD tended to occur more frequently (40% vs. 9%) in C77G cases. Recovery of lymphocyte subsets and virus-specific CD4 was similar in C77G cases and controls while interleukin 2 (IL2)-responses through CD3 stimulation were higher in C77G cases (P = 0·004). In conclusion, HSCT from PTPRC C77G donors could increase GVHD risk without compromising overall survival. Altered IL2-responses could be involved in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaan Samaan
- Laboratory of Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu Z, Yates AL, Hoyne GF, Goodnow CC. Consequences of increased CD45RA and RC isoforms for TCR signaling and peripheral T cell deficiency resulting from heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like mutation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 185:231-8. [PMID: 20505149 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0903625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CD45 is the most abundant protein tyrosine phosphatase in the plasma membrane of T cells and serves a critical role in TCR signaling. Different CD45 isoforms are made by alternative mRNA splicing depending on the stage of T cell development and activation, yet their role remains unclear. Expression of CD45RA and RC isoforms is increased 20- to 200-fold on T cells from thunder mice with a loss-of-function mutation in the RNA-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L-like (hnRNPLL), although total CD45 expression is unaltered. In this study, we test the hypothesis that this shift in CD45 isoform expression alters TCR signaling, thymic selection, and accumulation of peripheral T cells. There was no discernable effect of the change in CD45 isoform expression upon Lck phosphorylation or T cell positive and negative selection, whereas these indices were strongly affected by a decrease in the overall amount of CD45 in Ptprc mutant animals. The one exception to this conclusion was in thymocytes from Ptprc(loc/loc) animals with 4% of normal CD45 protein levels, where Lck505 phosphorylation was increased 25% in Hnrpll mutant cells, suggesting that high m.w. CD45 isoforms had lower Lck505 phosphatase activity in this context. In T cells with no CD45 protein, hnRNPLL mutation still diminished peripheral T cell accumulation, demonstrating that hnRNPLL regulates T cell longevity independently from its effects on CD45 splicing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuopeng Wu
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Thude H, Weissenborn S, Vilser C, Müller UA, Kloos C, Wolf G, Beck J, Barz D. No association between transmembrane protein-tyrosine-phosphatase receptor type C (CD45) exon A 77C>G transversion and Hashimoto's thyroiditis in a German population. Hum Immunol 2009; 71:220-3. [PMID: 19879912 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2009] [Revised: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The CD45 77C>G transversion (rs17612648) in exon A of the CD45 gene has been reported to be associated with the development of various autoimmune diseases. Because Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a typical autoimmune disease, we performed a study to determine the association of the 77C>G transversion with susceptibility to HT. We enrolled 170 patients and 230 healthy individuals in the study. The 77C>G transversion was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-allele specific restriction enzyme analysis (PCR-ASRA). We found four patients and six control individuals who carried the 77C>G transversion in a heterozygous form. No homozygous individual was detected in patients with HT or control population. The frequency of the 77G allele in patients was 1.2%, which did not significantly differ from 1.3% in controls (p = 0.871). Our data did not reveal any association between CD45 77C>G transversion and susceptibility to HT in a German population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Thude
- University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Transplantation Centre, Department of Hepatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Grochowy G, Hermiston ML, Kuhny M, Weiss A, Huber M. Requirement for CD45 in fine-tuning mast cell responses mediated by different ligand–receptor systems. Cell Signal 2009; 21:1277-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2009.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2008] [Revised: 03/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/10/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
22
|
Suppression of Human T-Cell Activation and Expansion of Regulatory T Cells by Pig Cells Overexpressing PD-Ligands. Transplantation 2009; 87:975-82. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e31819c85e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Onset and enhancement of systemic sclerosis after treatments for multiple sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2007; 28:703-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-007-0507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2007] [Accepted: 11/24/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
24
|
Windhagen A, Sönmez D, Hornig-Do HT, Kalinowsky A, Schwinzer R. Altered CD45 isoform expression in C77G carriers influences cytokine responsiveness and adhesion properties of T cells. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 150:509-17. [PMID: 17903220 PMCID: PMC2219380 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03508.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The C77G polymorphism in exon A of the human CD45 gene occurs with low frequency in healthy individuals. An enhanced frequency of C77G individuals has been reported in cohorts of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune hepatitis, hepatitis C and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1. C77G individuals overexpress CD45RA isoforms on activated/memory T cells. We have shown previously that aberrant expression of CD45RA isoforms enhances the intensity of T cell receptor (TCR) signalling. Here we report that the C77G polymorphism also influences the responsiveness of T cells to cytokines and alters their adhesion properties. When stimulated by interleukin (IL)-2, C77G T cells proliferated more strongly than wild-type controls and showed accelerated phosphorylation of Janus kinase (Jak1). Furthermore, C77G T cells exhibited a higher tendency to form homotypic aggregates in culture which could be enhanced significantly by antibody-mediated triggering of the variant CD45RA molecules. These data indicate that the changes in CD45 isoform combination resulting from C77G may not only affect TCR signalling but also cytokine-driven T cell responses and cellular adhesion. Altered immune responsiveness may enhance susceptibility of C77G carriers for certain diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Windhagen
- Abteilung Neurologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tchilian EZ, Gil J, Navarro ML, Fernandez-Cruz E, Chapel H, Misbah S, Ferry B, Renz H, Schwinzer R, Beverley PCL. Unusual case presentations associated with the CD45 C77G polymorphism. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 146:448-54. [PMID: 17100764 PMCID: PMC1810399 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
CD45, the leucocyte common antigen, is a haematopoietic cell specific tyrosine phosphatase. Human polymorphic CD45 variants are associated with autoimmune and infectious diseases and alter the phenotype and function of lymphocytes, establishing CD45 as an important regulator of immune function. Here we report four patients with diverse diseases with unusual clinical features. All four have the C77G polymorphism of CD45 exon 4, which alters the splicing and CD45RA/CD45R0 phenotype of lymphocytes. We suggest that C77G may be a contributing factor in these unusual cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Z Tchilian
- The Edward Jenner Institute for Vaccine Research, Compton, Berkshire, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Greenstein JI. Current concepts of the cellular and molecular pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. Dev Neurobiol 2007; 67:1248-65. [PMID: 17514718 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common demyelinating disease. It poses many challenges both clinically and scientifically. Progress made in understanding the genetics, immunology, and neurobiology of MS to date has positioned the field for further breakthroughs both in understanding the etiology and pathogenesis as well as the development of rationally based therapeutics. This review will cover fundamental aspects of the clinical and pathologic features of MS. Identified genetic markers will be considered as well as the evolving understanding of immunologic and neurobiological aspects of the disease. The development of immune therapy based on this knowledge is already apparent and it is likely that neuroprotective therapies will evolve to complement immune modulation in treating the disease.
Collapse
|
27
|
Pelidou SH, Tsifetaki N, Giannopoulos S, Deretzi G, Voulgari P, Kyritsis A. Multiple sclerosis associated with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int 2006; 27:771-3. [PMID: 17171345 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-006-0282-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2006] [Accepted: 11/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been increasingly reported in association with other autoimmune diseases not primary affected the nervous system. The coexistence of MS and systemic sclerosis (SSc) has been rarely described. We report here the case of a 46-year-old female patient with longstanding MS since the age of 26, who developed SSc 12 years later. Her MS was of the relapsing-remitting type, but the definite diagnosis was not made until the age of 33. MS diagnosis was based on medical history, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies and positive cerebrospinal fluid analysis. One year after the diagnosis of MS, she developed Raynaud's phenomenon, skin tightness and hypopigmented patches, suggestive of scleroderma. Further investigation with laboratory studies, including serology, hand and chest X-rays, and chest computerized tomography scan confirmed the SSc diagnosis. Our report highlights the interesting association between MS and SSc that may be due to an overlapping pathogenetic mechanism for both processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syngliti-Henrietta Pelidou
- Department of Neurology, University of Ioannina Medical School, University Hospital of Ioannina, 1 Panepistimioupoli, Ioannina, 451 10, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|