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Miyahara A, Umeki A, Sato K, Nomura T, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Matsumoto I, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Yuan X, Yokoyama R, Kitai Y, Kanno E, Tanno H, Hara H, Yamasaki S, Saijo S, Iwakura Y, Ishii K, Kawakami K. Innate phase production of IFN-γ by memory and effector T cells expressing early activation marker CD69 during infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans in the lungs. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0002424. [PMID: 38700335 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00024-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is a yeast-type fungus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and evades phagocytic cell elimination through an escape mechanism. Memory T (Tm) cells play a central role in preventing the reactivation of this fungal pathogen. Among these cells, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells quickly respond to locally invaded pathogens. This study analyzes the kinetics of effector T (Teff) cells and Tm cells in the lungs after cryptococcal infection. Emphasis is placed on the kinetics and cytokine expression of TRM cells in the early phase of infection. CD4+ Tm cells exhibited a rapid increase by day 3, peaked at day 7, and then either maintained their levels or exhibited a slight decrease until day 56. In contrast, CD8+ Tm cells reached their peak on day 3 and thereafter decreased up to day 56 post-infection. These Tm cells were predominantly composed of CD69+ TRM cells and CD69+ CD103+ TRM cells. Disruption of the CARD9 gene resulted in reduced accumulation of these TRM cells and diminished interferon (IFN) -γ expression in TRM cells. TRM cells were derived from T cells with T cell receptors non-specific to ovalbumin in OT-II mice during cryptococcal infection. In addition, TRM cells exhibited varied behavior in different tissues. These results underscore the importance of T cells, which produce IFN-γ in the lungs during the early stage of infection, in providing early protection against cryptococcal infection through CARD9 signaling.
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Grants
- 18H02851, 21H02965 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 19K17920, 21K16314 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19jm0210073, JP20jm0210073, JP21jm0210073 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- ID-014 MSD Life Science Foundation, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation (SD Life Science Foundation)
- 20-02, 21-04 medical mycology research center, chiba university
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nomura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xiaoliang Yuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Mohamed SH, Fu MS, Hain S, Alselami A, Vanhoffelen E, Li Y, Bojang E, Lukande R, Ballou ER, May RC, Ding C, Velde GV, Drummond RA. Microglia are not protective against cryptococcal meningitis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7202. [PMID: 37938547 PMCID: PMC10632471 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia provide protection against a range of brain infections including bacteria, viruses and parasites, but how these glial cells respond to fungal brain infections is poorly understood. We investigated the role of microglia in the context of cryptococcal meningitis, the most common cause of fungal meningitis in humans. Using a series of transgenic- and chemical-based microglia depletion methods we found that, contrary to their protective role during other infections, loss of microglia did not affect control of Cryptococcus neoformans brain infection which was replicated with several fungal strains. At early time points post-infection, we found that microglia depletion lowered fungal brain burdens, which was related to intracellular residence of C. neoformans within microglia. Further examination of extracellular and intracellular fungal populations revealed that C. neoformans residing in microglia were protected from copper starvation, whereas extracellular yeast upregulated copper transporter CTR4. However, the degree of copper starvation did not equate to fungal survival or abundance of metals within different intracellular niches. Taken together, these data show how tissue-resident myeloid cells may influence fungal phenotype in the brain but do not provide protection against this infection, and instead may act as an early infection reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally H Mohamed
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Man Shun Fu
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sofia Hain
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alanoud Alselami
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Eliane Vanhoffelen
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yanjian Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110015, Liaoning, China
| | - Ebrima Bojang
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Robert Lukande
- Department of Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Robin C May
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Chen Ding
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110015, Liaoning, China
| | - Greetje Vande Velde
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rebecca A Drummond
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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3
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Sato K, Kawakami K. Mouse Model of Latent Cryptococcal Infection and Reactivation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2667:87-98. [PMID: 37145277 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3199-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
AbstractCryptococcus neoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that frequently causes fatal meningoencephalitis in patients with impaired immune responses. This fungus, an intracellularly growing microbe, evades host immunity, leading to a latent infection (latent C. neoformans infection: LCNI), and cryptococcal disease is developed by its reactivation when host immunity is suppressed. Elucidation of the pathophysiology of LCNI is difficult due to the lack of mouse models. Here we show the established methods for LCNI and reactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Abstract
IL-17 cytokine family members have diverse biological functions, promoting protective immunity against many pathogens but also driving inflammatory pathology during infection and autoimmunity. IL-17A and IL-17F are produced by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, and various innate immune cell populations in response to IL-1β and IL-23, and they mediate protective immunity against fungi and bacteria by promoting neutrophil recruitment, antimicrobial peptide production and enhanced barrier function. IL-17-driven inflammation is normally controlled by regulatory T cells and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10, TGFβ and IL-35. However, if dysregulated, IL-17 responses can promote immunopathology in the context of infection or autoimmunity. Moreover, IL-17 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many other disorders with an inflammatory basis, including cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Consequently, the IL-17 pathway is now a key drug target in many autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders; therapeutic monoclonal antibodies targeting IL-17A, both IL-17A and IL-17F, the IL-17 receptor, or IL-23 are highly effective in some of these diseases. However, new approaches are needed to specifically regulate IL-17-mediated immunopathology in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity without compromising protective immunity to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kingston H G Mills
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Science Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Fu MS, Kawakami K, Drummond RA. Adoptive Transfer of Cryptococcus neoformans-Specific CD4 T-Cells to Study Anti-fungal Lymphocyte Responses In Vivo. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2667:99-112. [PMID: 37145278 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3199-7_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
CD4 T-cells are important for long-term control and clearance of several fungal infections in humans, particularly those caused by Cryptococcus species. Understanding the mechanisms underlying protective T-cell immunity against fungal infection is critical for developing mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of the disease. Here, we describe a protocol that enables analysis of fungal-specific CD4 T-cell responses in vivo, using adoptive transfer of fungal-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic CD4 T-cells. While the protocol here uses a TCR transgenic model reactive to peptide deriving from Cryptococcus neoformans, this method could be adapted to other fungal infection experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Shun Fu
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology, and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rebecca A Drummond
- Institute of Immunology & Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Microbiology & Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Sato K, Kawakami K. PAMPs and Host Immune Response in Cryptococcal Infection. Med Mycol J 2022; 63:133-138. [DOI: 10.3314/mmj.22.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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7
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Xu S, Zhang G, Wang M, Lin T, Liu W, Wang Y. Phage nanoparticle as a carrier for controlling fungal infection. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:3397-3403. [PMID: 35501488 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-11932-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A mass of nanocarriers have been exploited and utilized for prevention of fungi, including organic nanomaterials, inorganic nanoparticles, polypeptides, and viruses. Due to biological safety and flexible genetic engineering property, bacteriophages, as bionanoparticles, are widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of microorganisms, which can be easily loaded with proteins and drugs. In particular, random DNAs can be inserted into the genome of phage by phage display technology, and it is possible to obtain the peptide/antibody targeting fungi from phage library. Meanwhile, phages displaying specific peptides are able to conjugate with other nanoparticles, which have both characteristics of peptides and nanomaterials, and have been used for precise detection of fungi. Additionally, phage nanomaterials as carriers can reduce the toxicity of drugs, increase the time of drug circulation, stimulate the immune response, and have an anti-fungal effect by itself. In this review, we summarize the recent applications of bacteriophages on the study of fungi. The improvement of our understanding of bacteriophage will supply new tools for controlling fungal infections. These phage libraries were used to pan the specific peptides for diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of fungi. KEY POINTS: • System fungal infection has no significant clinical symptoms; it is important to develop vaccine, diagnosis, and therapeutic agents to reduce mortality; phage is an ideal carrier for vaccine and drug to stimulate immune response and improve the efficiency of drug, and also can improve the sensitivity of detection • This review summarized recent studies on phage-based fungal vaccine and threw light on the developing therapeutic phage in the treatment of fungal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbai Xu
- Department Neurosurg, First Hospital Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxin Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory On Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Lin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory On Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory On Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
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Li Y, Liu Y, Sun Y, Ma S, Ma C, Zhou H, Chen G, Liu L, Cai D. Study on the mechanism of Yupingfeng powder in the treatment of immunosuppression based on UPLC⁃QTOF⁃MS, network pharmacology and molecular biology verification. Life Sci 2022; 289:120211. [PMID: 34875251 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The current study aims to investigate the effect of Yupingfeng (YPF) powder on immunosuppression, and explore the possible mechanisms. MAIN METHODS Firstly, the monomer components of YPF powder were analyzed by UPLC-QTOF-MS combined with UNIFI automatic analysis platform, then the mechanism of YPF on immunosuppressive treatment was investigated using network pharmacological method, and finally the prediction was verified in a Candida albicans (Can)-induced immunosuppressive BALB/c mouse model. KEY FINDINGS 98 monomer compounds in YPF were obtained. Through virtual analysis and screening on the oral utilization and drug likeness properties of the components, 47 effective components were got. 9 core targets obtained were enriched in IL-17 signaling pathway. In the mouse model, YPF could reduce the number of Can and alleviate Can-induced inflammation in the kidney effectively, upregulate Can-induced low proportion of CD4+/CD8+ of splenic lymphocytes, and increase Can-induced low activity of IL-17 pathway. SIGNIFICANCE These results demonstrate that YPF could improve the immunity of Can-induced immunosuppression in BALB/c mice through upregulating the activity of IL-17 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, the First Naval Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Zhanjiang 524005, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Shumei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-ability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, PR China
| | - Chunmei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-ability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, PR China
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Naval Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Zhanjiang 524005, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Gui'e Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Naval Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Zhanjiang 524005, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200437, PR China; Shanghai Professional and Technical Service Center for Biological Material Drug-ability Evaluation, Shanghai 200437, PR China.
| | - De Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, Guangdong, PR China.
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Vaccine protection by Cryptococcus neoformans Δsgl1 is mediated by γδ T cells via TLR2 signaling. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1416-1430. [PMID: 36229573 PMCID: PMC9705245 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00570-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that administration of Cryptococcus neoformans Δsgl1 mutant vaccine, accumulating sterylglucosides (SGs) and having normal capsule (GXM), protects mice from a subsequent infection even during CD4+ T cells deficiency, a condition commonly associated with cryptococcosis. Here, we studied the immune mechanism that confers host protection during CD4+T deficiency. Mice receiving Δsgl1 vaccine produce IFNγ and IL-17A during CD4+ T (or CD8+ T) deficiency, and protection was lost when either cytokine was neutralized. IFNγ and/or IL-17A are produced by γδ T cells, and mice lacking these cells are no longer protected. Interestingly, ex vivo γδ T cells are highly stimulated in producing IFNγ and/or IL-17A by Δsgl1 vaccine, but this production was significantly decreased when cells were incubated with C. neoformans Δcap59/Δsgl1 mutant, accumulating SGs but lacking GXM. GXM modulates toll-like receptors (TLRs), including TLR2. Importantly, neither Δsgl1 nor Δcap59/Δsgl1 stimulate IFNγ or IL-17A production by ex vivo γδ T cells from TLR2-/- mice. Finally, TLR2-/- animals do not produce IL-17A in response to Δsgl1 vaccine and were no longer protected from WT challenge. Our results suggest that SGs may act as adjuvants for GXM to stimulate γδ T cells in producing IFNγ and IL-17A via TLR2, a mechanism that is still preserved upon CD4+ T deficiency.
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Kawakami K, Miyasaka T, Nakamura Y, Metoki H, Miyata S, Sato M, Sora I, Yamauchi K, Kawakami K, Blendy JA, Kawano T, Shimokawa H, Takayanagi M, Ohno I, Takahashi T. The A118G single-nucleotide polymorphism in OPRM1 is a risk factor for asthma severity. Allergol Int 2022; 71:55-65. [PMID: 34688555 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although population studies have implicated emotional burden in asthma severity, the underlying genetic risk factors are not completely understood. We aimed to evaluate the genetic influence of a functional single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the stress-related μ-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1; A118G SNP, rs1799971) on asthma severity. METHODS We initially assessed disease severity in asthmatic outpatients carrying A118G. Using an ovalbumin-induced experimental asthma rodent model harboring the functionally equivalent SNP, we investigated the mechanism by which this SNP influences the allergic immune response. RESULTS Among 292 outpatients, 168 underwent airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine testing. Compared with patients carrying the AA and AG genotypes, those carrying the GG genotype exhibited enhanced AHR. The stress levels were presumed to be moderate among patients and were comparable among genotypes. Compared with Oprm1 AA mice, GG mice demonstrated aggravated asthma-related features and increased pulmonary interleukin-4+CD4+ effector and effector memory T cells under everyday life stress conditions. Intraperitoneal naloxone methiodide injection reduced effector CD4+ T cell elevation associated with increased eosinophil numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of GG mice to the levels in AA mice, suggesting that elevated Th2 cell generation in the bronchial lymph node (BLN) of GG mice induces enhanced eosinophilic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Without forced stress exposure, patients with asthma carrying the OPRM1 GG genotype exhibit enhanced AHR, attributable to enhanced Th2 cell differentiation in the regional lymph node. Further research is necessary to elucidate the role of the OPRM1 A118G genotype in the Th2 cell differentiation pathway in the BLN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Kawakami
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miki Sato
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ichiro Sora
- Department of Psychiatry, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamauchi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan; Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Julie A Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tasuku Kawano
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoaki Takayanagi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Isao Ohno
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Takahashi
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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11
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Sato K, Matsumoto I, Suzuki K, Tamura A, Shiraishi A, Kiyonari H, Kasamatsu J, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Miyahara A, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Kitai Y, Umeki A, Kanno E, Tanno H, Ishii K, Tsukita S, Kawakami K. Deficiency of lung-specific claudin-18 leads to aggravated infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans through dysregulation of the microenvironment in lungs. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21110. [PMID: 34702961 PMCID: PMC8548597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that infects the lungs via airborne transmission and frequently causes fatal meningoencephalitis. Claudins (Cldns), a family of proteins with 27 members found in mammals, form the tight junctions within epithelial cell sheets. Cldn-4 and 18 are highly expressed in airway tissues, yet the roles of these claudins in respiratory infections have not been clarified. In the present study, we analyzed the roles of Cldn-4 and lung-specific Cldn-18 (luCldn-18) in host defense against C. deneoformans infection. luCldn-18-deficient mice exhibited increased susceptibility to pulmonary infection, while Cldn-4-deficient mice had normal fungal clearance. In luCldn-18-deficient mice, production of cytokines including IFN-γ was significantly decreased compared to wild-type mice, although infiltration of inflammatory cells including CD4+ T cells into the alveolar space was significantly increased. In addition, luCldn-18 deficiency led to high K+ ion concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids and also to alveolus acidification. The fungal replication was significantly enhanced both in acidic culture conditions and in the alveolar spaces of luCldn-18-deficient mice, compared with physiological pH conditions and those of wild-type mice, respectively. These results suggest that luCldn-18 may affect the clinical course of cryptococcal infection indirectly through dysregulation of the alveolar space microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sato
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan. .,Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Koya Suzuki
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.,Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age and Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tamura
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aki Shiraishi
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyonari
- Laboratory for Animal Resources and Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
| | - Jun Kasamatsu
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Institute of Research Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Division of Pathophysiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Science of Nursing Practice, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Sachiko Tsukita
- Laboratory of Biological Science and Laboratory of Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Intelligent Network for Infection Control, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Limited Role of Mincle in the Host Defense against Infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00400-20. [PMID: 32868343 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00400-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that frequently causes fatal meningoencephalitis in patients with impaired cell-mediated immune responses such as AIDS. Caspase-associated recruitment domain 9 (CARD9) plays a critical role in the host defense against cryptococcal infection, suggesting the involvement of one or more C-type lectin receptors (CLRs). In the present study, we analyzed the role of macrophage-inducible C-type lectin (Mincle), one of the CLRs, in the host defense against C. deneoformans infection. Mincle expression in the lungs of wild-type (WT) mice was increased in the early stage of cryptococcal infection in a CARD9-dependent manner. In Mincle gene-disrupted (Mincle KO) mice, the clearance of this fungus, pathological findings, Th1/Th2 response, and antimicrobial peptide production in the infected lungs were nearly comparable to those in WT mice. However, the production of interleukin-22 (IL-22), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 and the expression of AhR were significantly decreased in the lungs of Mincle KO mice compared to those of WT mice. In in vitro experiments, TNF-α production by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells was significantly decreased in Mincle KO mice. In addition, the disrupted lysates of C. deneoformans, but not those of whole yeast cells, activated Mincle-triggered signaling in an assay with a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT)-green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter cells expressing this receptor. These results suggest that Mincle may be involved in the production of Th22-related cytokines at the early stage of cryptococcal infection, although its role may be limited in the host defense against infection with C. deneoformans.
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