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Cao G, Xu Q, Huang S, Dai D, Wang J, Li W, Zhao Y, Lin J, Han X. B10 cells regulate macrophage polarization to alleviate inflammation and bone loss in periodontitis. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 39210600 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The polarization of macrophages into an anti-inflammatory phenotype is crucial for resolving periodontal inflammation. It has been reported that B10 cells can regulate the immune response of macrophages during inflammation and are also able to regulate inflammation in periodontitis. However, whether B10 cells' regulation function in periodontitis is related to macrophage polarization remains unclear. This study aims to investigate whether B10 cells can regulate macrophage polarization in periodontitis. METHODS Macrophages were cocultured with B10 cells in vitro for 5 days. After coculture, macrophages were obtained for analysis directly or followed by stimulation with Pg-LPS/IFN-γ or IL-4/IL-13. Flow cytometry and/or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were employed to detect the expression of IL-1β, iNOS, TNF-α, CD206, and ARG-1 in macrophages. B10 cells were transferred on the 5th day after ligation in wild or macrophage-depletion mice. Toluidine blue and TRAP staining were used to evaluate alveolar bone resorption and osteoclast activation. Immunohistochemistry was employed to detect the expression of CD68, IL-1β, TNF-α, iNOS, ARG-1, and IL-10. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of CD68+CD86+M1 macrophages and CD68+CD206+M2 macrophages. RESULTS In vitro, B10 cells inhibit the expression of IL-1β, iNOS, and TNF-α in macrophages while increasing the expression of CD206 and ARG-1. In experimental periodontitis, B10 cells inhibit the polarization of CD68+CD86+M1 macrophages and iNOS expression but enhance the polarization of CD68+CD206+M2 macrophages and ARG-1 expression. Importantly, the depletion of macrophages partially weakened the regulation function of B10 cells in periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS B10 cells promote M2 macrophage polarization, inhibit M1 macrophage polarization in periodontitis, and alleviate periodontitis partially by regulating macrophage polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqin Cao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuping Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengyuan Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Dai
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jilei Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaozhe Han
- Department of Oral Science and Translation Research, College of Dental Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, USA
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Puletic M, Velikic G, Maric DM, Supic G, Maric DL, Radovic N, Avramov S, Vojvodic D. Clinical Efficacy of Extracellular Vesicle Therapy in Periodontitis: Reduced Inflammation and Enhanced Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5753. [PMID: 38891939 PMCID: PMC11171522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent inflammatory condition, affects the supporting structures of teeth, leading to significant oral health challenges. Traditional treatments have primarily focused on mechanical debridement, antimicrobial therapy, and surgery, which often fail to restore lost periodontal structures. Emerging as a novel approach in regenerative medicine, extracellular vesicle (EV) therapy, including exosomes, leverages nano-sized vesicles known for facilitating intercellular communication and modulating physiological and pathological processes. This study is a proof-of-concept type that evaluates the clinical efficacy of EV therapy as a non-surgical treatment for stage I-III periodontitis, focusing on its anti-inflammatory and regenerative potential. The research involved seven patients undergoing the therapy, and seven healthy individuals. Clinical parameters, including the plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and attachment level, were assessed alongside cytokine levels in the gingival crevicular fluid. The study found significant improvements in clinical parameters, and a marked reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokines post-treatment, matching the levels of healthy subjects, underscoring the therapy's ability to not only attenuate inflammation and enhance tissue regeneration, but also highlighting its potential in restoring periodontal health. This investigation illuminates the promising role of EV therapy in periodontal treatment, advocating for a shift towards therapies that halt disease progression and promote structural and functional restoration of periodontal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miljan Puletic
- Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, University Business Academy, 26101 Pancevo, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.M.M.); (N.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Gordana Velikic
- Department for Research and Development, Clinic Orto MD-Parks Hospital, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Hajim School of Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
| | - Dusan M. Maric
- Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, University Business Academy, 26101 Pancevo, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.M.M.); (N.R.); (S.A.)
- Department for Research and Development, Clinic Orto MD-Parks Hospital, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Gordana Supic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.S.); (D.V.)
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dusica L. Maric
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Nikola Radovic
- Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, University Business Academy, 26101 Pancevo, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.M.M.); (N.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Stevan Avramov
- Faculty of Stomatology Pancevo, University Business Academy, 26101 Pancevo, Serbia; (M.P.); (D.M.M.); (N.R.); (S.A.)
- Institute for Biological Research “Sinisa Stankovic”, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danilo Vojvodic
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (G.S.); (D.V.)
- Medical Faculty of Military Medical Academy, University of Defense, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Xie G, Huang C, Jiang S, Li H, Gao Y, Zhang T, Zhang Q, Pavel V, Rahmati M, Li Y. Smoking and osteoimmunology: Understanding the interplay between bone metabolism and immune homeostasis. J Orthop Translat 2024; 46:33-45. [PMID: 38765605 PMCID: PMC11101877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Smoking continues to pose a global threat to morbidity and mortality in populations. The detrimental impact of smoking on health and disease includes bone destruction and immune disruption in various diseases. Osteoimmunology, which explores the communication between bone metabolism and immune homeostasis, aims to reveal the interaction between the osteoimmune systems in disease development. Smoking impairs the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts in bone formation while promoting osteoclast differentiation in bone resorption. Furthermore, smoking stimulates the Th17 response to increase inflammatory and osteoclastogenic cytokines that promote the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) signaling in osteoclasts, thus exacerbating bone destruction in periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The pro-inflammatory role of smoking is also evident in delayed bone fracture healing and osteoarthritis development. The osteoimmunological therapies are promising in treating periodontitis and rheumatoid arthritis, but further research is still required to block the smoking-induced aggravation in these diseases. Translational potential This review summarizes the adverse effect of smoking on mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts and elucidates the smoking-induced exacerbation of periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis, bone fracture healing, and osteoarthritis from an osteoimmune perspective. We also propose the therapeutic potential of osteoimmunological therapies for bone destruction aggravated by smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyang Xie
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou, 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Yihan Gao
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Wendeng Zhenggu Hospital of Shandong Province, Weihai, 264400, China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopeadics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Volotovski Pavel
- Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Minsk 220024, Belarus
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Yusheng Li
- Deparment of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China
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Melgar-Rodríguez S, Polanco A, Ríos-Muñoz J, García M, Sierra-Cristancho A, González-Osuna L, Díaz-Zúñiga J, Carvajal P, Vernal R, Bravo D. Differential Response of Human Dendritic Cells upon Stimulation with Encapsulated or Non-Encapsulated Isogenic Strains of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4510. [PMID: 38674095 PMCID: PMC11049913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
During periodontitis, the extracellular capsule of Porphyromonas gingivalis favors alveolar bone loss by inducing Th1 and Th17 patterns of lymphocyte response in the infected periodontium. Dendritic cells recognize bacterial antigens and present them to T lymphocytes, defining their activation and polarization. Thus, dendritic cells could be involved in the Th1 and Th17 response induced against the P. gingivalis capsule. Herein, monocyte-derived dendritic cells were obtained from healthy individuals and then stimulated with different encapsulated strains of P. gingivalis or two non-encapsulated isogenic mutants. Dendritic cell differentiation and maturation were analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expression levels for distinct Th1-, Th17-, or T-regulatory-related cytokines and transcription factors, as well as TLR2 and TLR4, were assessed by qPCR. In addition, the production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and TNF-α was analyzed by ELISA. The encapsulated strains and non-encapsulated mutants of P. gingivalis induced dendritic cell maturation to a similar extent; however, the pattern of dendritic cell response was different. In particular, the encapsulated strains of P. gingivalis induced higher expression of IRF4 and NOTCH2 and production of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-23, and TNF-α compared with the non-encapsulated mutants, and thus, they showed an increased capacity to trigger Th1 and Th17-type responses in human dendritic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Melgar-Rodríguez
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Alan Polanco
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Jearitza Ríos-Muñoz
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Biomedical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile
| | - Michelle García
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Alfredo Sierra-Cristancho
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
| | - Luis González-Osuna
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Jaime Díaz-Zúñiga
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Paola Carvajal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Rolando Vernal
- Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile; (S.M.-R.); (A.P.); (J.R.-M.); (M.G.); (A.S.-C.); (L.G.-O.); (J.D.-Z.); (P.C.)
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Denisse Bravo
- Laboratorio de Interacciones Microbianas, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370035, Chile
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Carmona-Rivera C, Kaplan MJ, O'Neil LJ. Neutrophils in Inflammatory Bone Diseases. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:280-289. [PMID: 38418800 PMCID: PMC11061041 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00865-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we summarize the current evidence that suggests that neutrophils play a key role in facilitating damage to local bone structures. RECENT FINDINGS Neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of inflammatory bone diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis disease (PD). Both of these human diseases are marked by an imbalance in bone homeostasis, favoring the degradation of local bone which ultimately leads to erosions. Osteoclasts, a multinucleated resident bone cell, are responsible for facilitating the turnover of bone and the bone damage observed in these diseases. The involvement of neutrophils and neutrophil extracellular trap formation have recently been implicated in exacerbating osteoclast function through direct and indirect mechanisms. We highlight a recent finding that NET proteins such as histones and elastase can generate non-canonical, inflammatory osteoclasts, and this process is mediated by post-translational modifications such as citrullination and carbamylation, both of which act as autoantigens in RA. It appears that NETs, autoantibodies, modified proteins, cytokines, and osteoclasts all ultimately contribute to local and permanent bone damage in RA and PD. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the role of neutrophils in inflammatory bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Carmona-Rivera
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Liam J O'Neil
- Manitoba Centre for Proteomics and Systems Biology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Hu X, Su X. Study of Herbs Cortex Moutan, Poria cocos, and Alisma orientale and Periodontitis. Int Dent J 2024; 74:88-94. [PMID: 37758581 PMCID: PMC10829340 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Chinese traditional herbs Cortex Moutan, Poria cocos, and Alisma orientale are considered to have potential to ameliorate periodontitis, although the possible underlying mechanisms remain mostly unknown. Due to the complex formulation of Chinese herbs, it is important to understand the mechanisms of pharmacologic effects of traditional herbs for better application in modern medical treatment. METHODS Network pharmacology was applied to explore the mechanism of Cortex Moutan, Poria cocos, and Alisma orientale. First we analysed their chemical ingredients using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and identified 20 active ingredients. Then we analysed the target genes of these 20 active ingredients as well as genes associated with periodontitis and found 74 co-target genes. We further analysed the protein-protein interaction network of these 74 co-target genes using the STRING database and enriched the pathways using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. RESULTS The top 10 core targets elicited were vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interlukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), kinase insert domain receptor (KDR), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), and serpin family E member 1 (SERPINE1). Using these a network of "herbs-ingredients-targetgenes-KEGG pathways." was constructed. CONCLUSIONS The target and bioprocess network suggested that the pharmacologic effects of Cortex Moutan, Poria cocos, and Alisma orientale may be mainly dependent on their anti-inflammatory potential. Further work is required to eucidate their detailed mechanisms of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nangang District, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Stomatology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Songbei District, Harbin, China.
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Irie K, Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Yamamoto T. Exploring the Role of IL-17A in Oral Dysbiosis-Associated Periodontitis and Its Correlation with Systemic Inflammatory Disease. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:194. [PMID: 37623290 PMCID: PMC10453731 DOI: 10.3390/dj11080194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral microbiota play a pivotal role in maintaining homeostasis, safeguarding the oral cavity, and preventing the onset of disease. Oral dysbiosis has the potential to trigger pro-inflammatory effects and immune dysregulation, which can have a negative impact on systemic health. It is regarded as a key etiological factor for periodontitis. The emergence and persistence of oral dysbiosis have been demonstrated to mediate inflammatory pathology locally and at distant sites. The heightened inflammation observed in oral dysbiosis is dependent upon the secretion of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) by various innate and adaptive immune cells. IL-17A has been found to play a significant role in host defense mechanisms by inducing antibacterial peptides, recruiting neutrophils, and promoting local inflammation via cytokines and chemokines. This review seeks to present the current knowledge on oral dysbiosis and its prevention, as well as the underlying role of IL-17A in periodontitis induced by oral dysbiosis and its impact on systemic inflammatory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Irie
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan; (T.A.); (T.T.)
| | - Tatsuo Yamamoto
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka 238-8580, Japan;
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Molecular Basis beyond Interrelated Bone Resorption/Regeneration in Periodontal Diseases: A Concise Review. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054599. [PMID: 36902030 PMCID: PMC10003253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the sixth most common chronic inflammatory disease, destroying the tissues supporting the teeth. There are three distinct stages in periodontitis: infection, inflammation, and tissue destruction, where each stage has its own characteristics and hence its line of treatment. Illuminating the underlying mechanisms of alveolar bone loss is vital in the treatment of periodontitis to allow for subsequent reconstruction of the periodontium. Bone cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and bone marrow stromal cells, classically were thought to control bone destruction in periodontitis. Lately, osteocytes were found to assist in inflammation-related bone remodeling besides being able to initiate physiological bone remodeling. Furthermore, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) either transplanted or homed exhibit highly immunosuppressive properties, such as preventing monocytes/hematopoietic precursor differentiation and downregulating excessive release of inflammatory cytokines. In the early stages of bone regeneration, an acute inflammatory response is critical for the recruitment of MSCs, controlling their migration, and their differentiation. Later during bone remodeling, the interaction and balance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines could regulate MSC properties, resulting in either bone formation or bone resorption. This narrative review elaborates on the important interactions between inflammatory stimuli during periodontal diseases, bone cells, MSCs, and subsequent bone regeneration or bone resorption. Understanding these concepts will open up new possibilities for promoting bone regeneration and hindering bone loss caused by periodontal diseases.
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Baumeister SE, Holtfreter B, Lars Reckelkamm S, Hagenfeld D, Kocher T, Alayash Z, Ehmke B, Baurecht H, Nolde M. Effect of interleukin-17 on periodontitis development: An instrumental variable analysis. J Periodontol 2023; 94:616-621. [PMID: 36632652 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) are associated with the presence and severity of periodontitis. However, whether IL-17 is causal for disease development is unknown. We investigated the effect of genetically proxied IL-17 on periodontitis using instrumental variable analysis. METHODS We identified 12 genetic variants from genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 7760 European descent individuals, used these variants as instrumental variables for IL-17, and linked them to a GWAS of 17,353 clinical periodontitis cases and 28,210 European controls. Generalized weighted least squares analysis accounted for linkage disequilibrium of variants. RESULTS We found an inverse association of genetically proxied IL-17 and periodontitis (odds ratio, 0.84; 95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.94; p = 0.003), which was corroborated after sensitivity analysis for horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that IL-17 protects against initial periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Lars Reckelkamm
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Daniel Hagenfeld
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology, Endodontology, and Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Zoheir Alayash
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Benjamin Ehmke
- Clinic for Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Nolde
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Zhang J, Wang AX, Wu Y, Zhang S. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) suppresses a hyper-IL-17 response-mediated bone loss in a murine experimental periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 144:105555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Talaat RM, Tabll AA, Gamal-Eldeen AM, Russo RC. Editorial: Importance of cytokines and receptor members from the IL-1 family in the context of chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974261. [PMID: 35928823 PMCID: PMC9344862 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roba M. Talaat
- Molecular Biology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), University of Sadat City (USC), Sadat City, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Roba M. Talaat, ; Remo C. Russo,
| | - Ashraf A. Tabll
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M. Gamal-Eldeen
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
- High Altitude Research Center, Prince Sultan Medical Complex, Al-Hawiyah, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Remo C. Russo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Mechanics, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Roba M. Talaat, ; Remo C. Russo,
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Local induction of regulatory T cells prevents inflammatory bone loss in ligature-induced experimental periodontitis in mice. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5032. [PMID: 35322204 PMCID: PMC8943171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis (periodontal disease) is a highly prevalent disease, affecting over 65 million adults in the United States alone. Characterized by an overburden of invasive bacteria, gum inflammation and plaque buildup, over time, these symptoms can result in severe loss of gingival tissue attachment, bone resorption and even tooth loss. Although current treatments (local antibiotics and scaling and root planing procedures) target the bacterial dysbiosis, they do not address the underlying inflammatory imbalance in the periodontium. In the healthy steady state, the body naturally combats destructive, imbalanced inflammatory responses through regulatory pathways mediated by cells such as regulatory T cells (Tregs). Consequently, we hypothesized that local enrichment of regulatory lymphocytes (Tregs) could restore local, immunological homeostasis and prevent the main outcome of bone loss. Accordingly, we locally delivered a combination of TGFβ, Rapamycin, and IL2 microspheres in a ligature-induced murine periodontitis model. Herein, we have demonstrated this preventative treatment decreases alveolar bone loss, increases the local ratio of Tregs to T effector cells and changes the local microenvironment’s expression of inflammatory and regenerative markers. Ultimately, these Treg-inducing microspheres appear promising as a method to improve periodontitis outcomes and may be able to serve as a platform delivery system to treat other inflammatory diseases.
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Feng Y, Chen Z, Tu SQ, Wei JM, Hou YL, Kuang ZL, Kang XN, Ai H. Role of Interleukin-17A in the Pathomechanisms of Periodontitis and Related Systemic Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:862415. [PMID: 35371044 PMCID: PMC8968732 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.862415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory and destructive disease caused by periodontal microbial infection and mediated by host immune response. As the main cause of loosening and loss of teeth in adults, it is considered to be one of the most common and serious oral diseases in the world. The co-existence of periodontitis and systemic chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and so on is very common. It has been found that interleukin-17A (IL-17A) secreted by various innate and adaptive immune cells can activate a series of inflammatory cascade reactions, which mediates the occurrence and development of periodontitis and related systemic chronic inflammatory diseases. In this work, we review the role of IL-17A in the pathomechanisms of periodontitis and related systemic chronic inflammatory diseases, and briefly discuss the therapeutic potential of cytokine targeted agents that modulate the IL-17A signaling. A deep understanding of the possible molecular mechanisms in the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases will help dentists and physicians update their clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas.
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Liu X, Li H. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on Multiple Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:713198. [PMID: 35046930 PMCID: PMC8761621 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.713198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that destroys both soft and hard periodontal tissues. However, a complex periodontal cytokine network remains unclear. This systematic review explored multiple cytokine gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Material and Methods A systematic search was performed using the databases from previous publications, which indicated the association between cytokine polymorphisms and periodontitis pathogenesis. Meta-analysis was conducted using fixed or randomized models to calculate the significance of multiple cytokine polymorphisms. A total of 147 articles were analyzed with polymorphisms in 12 interleukins [Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), Th2 (IL-4 and IL-13), Th17 (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17), and Treg cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β)]. Doi plot was used to probe the occurrence of publication bias. Results The polymorphisms of IL-2 and TNF-α of Th1 cytokine family may be associated with the pathogenesis or the prevention of periodontitis risk, while the polymorphism of IFN-γ is not related to periodontitis risk. The polymorphisms for IL-4 and IL-13 of Th2 cytokine family are not found to be associated with the pathogenesis of periodontitis. For the polymorphisms of the members of Th17 cytokine family, different IL-1α polymorphisms may have inverse actions in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. IL-1β is a noteworthy cytokine biomarker in periodontitis development and progression. IL-6 may have a protective function in the inflammatory responses of periodontitis, and IL-17 has a weak relationship the inflammatory responses. The polymorphisms for the members of Treg cell cytokines may have a protective function against periodontitis risk. LFK indexes show the major asymmetry due to publication bias. Conclusion IL-1β is a notable cytokine biomarker in periodontitis risk. Treg cytokines favor an anti-inflammatory and protective environment. Further data are needed to confirm the present conclusion due to publication bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Lin P, Niimi H, Ohsugi Y, Tsuchiya Y, Shimohira T, Komatsu K, Liu A, Shiba T, Aoki A, Iwata T, Katagiri S. Application of Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Mice to Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Periodontal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168900. [PMID: 34445604 PMCID: PMC8396362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of the periodontium. In the last decade, a new murine model of periodontitis has been widely used to simulate alveolar bone resorption and periodontal soft tissue destruction by ligation. Typically, 3-0 to 9-0 silks are selected for ligation around the molars in mice, and significant bone loss and inflammatory infiltration are observed within a week. The ligature-maintained period can vary according to specific aims. We reviewed the findings on the interaction of systemic diseases with periodontitis, periodontal tissue destruction, the immunological and bacteriological responses, and new treatments. In these studies, the activation of osteoclasts, upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors, and excessive immune response have been considered as major factors in periodontal disruption. Multiple genes identified in periodontal tissues partly reflect the complexity of the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The effects of novel treatment methods on periodontitis have also been evaluated in a ligature-induced periodontitis model in mice. This model cannot completely represent all aspects of periodontitis in humans but is considered an effective method for the exploration of its mechanisms. Through this review, we aimed to provide evidence and enlightenment for future studies planning to use this model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiya Lin
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Hiromi Niimi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.N.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-3-5803-5488 (H.N. & Y.O.)
| | - Yujin Ohsugi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.N.); (Y.O.); Tel.: +81-3-5803-5488 (H.N. & Y.O.)
| | - Yosuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimohira
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Keiji Komatsu
- Department of Lifetime Oral Health Care Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan;
| | - Anhao Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Takahiko Shiba
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo 113-8549, Japan; (P.L.); (Y.T.); (T.S.); (A.L.); (T.S.); (A.A.); (T.I.); (S.K.)
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