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Ghamry HI. Impending Chemotherapeutic Impact of Arthrospira platensis Nanoparticles and/or Sorafenib against Hepatocellular Carcinoma through Modulation of Antioxidant Status, Tumor Marker Genes, and Anti-Inflammatory Signaling Pathways. TOXICS 2023; 11:107. [PMID: 36850982 PMCID: PMC9964820 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated Arthrospira platensis nanoparticles (NSP) to overcome sorafenib resistance in diethyl nitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. This study used sixty Wistar male rats randomly grouped into two main groups, the normal control group, and the HCC model. For the normal control group (n = 12), animals were injected i.p. with PBS two times/week for 16 weeks. The remaining 48 rats were injected i.p. with using a single dose of diethyl nitrosamine (DENA) (200 mg/kg, ip), followed by phenobarbital sodium (0.05%) in drinking water for 16 weeks. At the end of the 16th week, rats were allocated into four groups (11 rats/each), one group was left without treatment (DENA group), and the other three groups were treated with either sorafenib (30 mg/kg; p.o.) or Arthrospira platensis Nanoparticles (NSP) (0.5 mg/kg body weight) once daily orally with the aid of gastric gavage or their combination for another four weeks. Blood and tissue samples were collected for further biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical, and gene expression analysis. Our result revealed that DENA-treated rats showed a marked elevation of hepatic enzyme markers with an increase in the total protein and globulin and decreases in the hepatic SOD. Catalase and GSH, with significantly increased MDA levels, subsequently increased the tumor biomarkers (AFP and CEA). On the molecular level, the DENA-treated rats showed significant up-regulation of Cyp19 mRNA and the inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, iNOS, and TGF-1β) as well as the Ki-67 gene expression (p < 0.05) with down-regulation of the PPAR-γ and FOXO-1. In addition, the HCC group showed a loss of hepatic architecture, as well as atypia, swelling, macrosteatosis of hepatocytes, and fibrosis, besides increased vascularization. The immunohistochemical findings show increased expression of both GPC-3 and Hep Par 1 in the HCC group. SOR, NSP, or a combination of NSP and SOR.NSP treatment significantly overturned the DENA's harmful effect near the normal levels and restored all cancer biomarkers and antioxidant activities, indicating the chemotherapeutic impact of NSP. The present study provides evidence that NSP exerts a major anticancer effect on DENA-induced HCC. SOR/NSP is a promising combination for tumor suppression and overcoming sorafenib resistance in HCC by modulating antioxidants, anti-inflammatory signals, and tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba I Ghamry
- Department of Home Economics, College of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan T, Zhou T, Qian M, Du J, Liu Y, Wang J, Li Y, Fan G, Yan F, Dai X, Li X, Wu Y, Dong X, He Q, Zhu H, Yang B. SDHA/B reduction promotes hepatocellular carcinoma by facilitating the deNEDDylation of cullin1 and stabilizing YAP/TAZ. Hepatology 2022. [PMID: 35713976 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Succinate dehydrogenase enzyme (SDH) is frequently diminished in samples from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and SDH reduction is associated with elevated succinate level and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. However, the underlying mechanisms of how impaired SDH activity promotes HCC remain unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we observed remarkable downregulations of SDH subunits A and B (SDHA/B) in chronic liver injury-induced murine HCC models and patient samples. Subsequent RNA sequencing, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry analyses of HCC samples revealed that Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) were significantly upregulated in HCC, with their levels inversely correlating with that of SDHA/B. YAP/TAZ stability was greatly enhanced in SDHA/B-depleted HCC cells along with accumulation of succinate. Further mechanistic analyses demonstrated that impaired activity of SDHA/B resulted in succinate accumulation, which facilitated the deNEDDylation of cullin1 and therefore disrupted the E3 ubiquitin ligase SCFβ-TrCP complex, consequently leading to YAP/TAZ stabilization and activation in HCC cells. The accelerated in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth caused by SDHA/B reduction or succinate exposure were largely dependent on the aberrant activation of YAP/TAZ. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that SDHA/B reduction promotes HCC proliferation by preventing the proteasomal degradation of YAP/TAZ through modulating cullin1 NEDDylation, thus binding SDH-deficient HCC cells to YAP/TAZ pathway and rendering these cells vulnerable to YAP/TAZ inhibition. Our findings warrant further investigation on the therapeutic effects of targeting YAP/TAZ in patients with HCC displaying reduced SDHA/B or elevated succinate levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yuan
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meijia Qian
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Du
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia'er Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yonghao Li
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanghan Fan
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangjie Yan
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Dai
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiawei Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Dong
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Abd‐Elrazek AM, Ibrahim SR, El‐dash HA. The ameliorative effect of Apium graveolens & curcumin against Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high fructose-high fat diet in rats. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition resulting from fat aggregates in liver cells and is associated with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and oxidative stress. The present work was designed to investigate the role of celery and curcumin against high-fructose–high-fat (HFHF) diet-induced NAFLD in rats. Thirty male rats were classified into five groups: GP1: control group (rats were fed a normal control diet), GP2: HFHF group as a positive control (rats were fed a HFHF diet) for 20 weeks, GP3: HFHF + sily group, GP4: HFHF + celery group, and GP5: HFHF + cur group (rats in 3, 4, and 5 were treated as in the HFHF group for 16 weeks, then combined treatment daily by gavage for 4 weeks with either silymarin (as a reference drug, 50 mg/kg bw) or celery (300 mg/kg bw) or curcumin (200 mg/kg bw), respectively. The progression of NAFLD was evaluated by estimating tissue serum liver enzymes, glycemic profile, lipid profile, oxidative stress markers in liver tissue, and histopathological examination. Moreover, DNA fragmentation and the released lysosomal enzymes (acid phosphatase, β-galactosidase, and N-acetyl-B-glucosaminidase) were estimated.
Results
Our results showed that HFHF administration for 16 weeks caused liver enzymes elevation, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, increased hepatic MDA levels along with a decline in GSH levels were observed in the HFHF group as compared to the control group. The results were confirmed by a histopathological study, which showed pathological changes in the HFHF group. DNA fragmentation was also observed, and the lysosomal enzyme activities were increased. On the other hand, oral supplementation of celery and cur improved all these changes compared with positive control groups and HFHF + sily (as a reference drug). Moreover, celery, as well as curcumin co-treatment, reduced HFHF-enhanced DNA fragmentation and inhibited elevated lysosomal enzymes. The celery combined treatment showed the most pronounced ameliorative impact, even more than silymarin did.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that celery and curcumin consumption may exhibit ameliorative impacts against NALFD progression, while celery showed more ameliorative effect in all parameters.
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Benincasa C, Pellegrino M, Romano E, Claps S, Fallara C, Perri E. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Spray-Dried Olive Mill Wastewater. Front Nutr 2022; 8:782693. [PMID: 35071293 PMCID: PMC8766512 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.782693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The processing of olives for oil production generates the most abundant agro-industrial by-products in the Mediterranean area. The three-phase olive oil extraction process requires the addition of a large amount of water to the system, which is difficult to dispose of for its load of toxic pollutants. On the other hand, olive mill wastewater is a rich source of bioactive substances with various biological properties that can be used as ingredients in the food industry for obtaining functional and nutraceutical foods as well as in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, we present the results relative to the phenolic compounds detected in dried olive mill wastewaters obtained using a spray dryer. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were obtained by high-pressure liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). In particular, the compounds here discussed are: apigenin (9.55 mg/kg dry weight), caffeic acid (2.89 mg/kg dry weight), catecol (6.12 mg/kg dry weight), p-cumaric acid (5.01 mg/kg dry weight), diosmetin (3.58 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosol (1.481 mg/kg dry weight), hydroxytyrosyl oleate (564 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin (62.38 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-7-O-glucoside (88.55 mg/kg dry weight), luteolin-4-O-glucoside (11.48 mg/kg dry weight), oleuropein (103 mg/kg dry weight), rutin (48.52 mg/kg dry weight), tyrosol (2043 mg/kg dry weight), vanillin (27.70 mg/kg dry weight), and verbascoside (700 mg/kg dry weight). The results obtained highlighted that the use of dehumidified air as a drying medium, with the addition of maltodextrin, appears to be an effective way to produce a phenol-rich powder to be included in food formulations as well as in pharmaceutical preparations having different biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Benincasa
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Elvira Romano
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Rende, Italy
| | - Salvatore Claps
- CREA Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, Bella Muro, Italy
| | | | - Enzo Perri
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Rende, Italy
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Dried Destoned Virgin Olive Pomace: A Promising New By-Product from Pomace Extraction Process. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144337. [PMID: 34299612 PMCID: PMC8305014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
At present the olive oil industry produces large amounts of secondary products once considered waste or by-products. In this paper, we present, for the first time, a new interesting olive by-product named “dried destoned virgin olive pomace” (DDVOP), produced by the pomace oil industry. The production of DDVOP is possible thanks to the use of a new system that differs from the traditional ones by having the dryer set at a lower temperature value, 350 °C instead of 550 °C, and by avoiding the solvent extraction phase. In order to evaluate if DDVOP may be suitable as a new innovative feeding integrator for animal feed, its chemical characteristics were investigated. Results demonstrated that DDVOP is a good source of raw protein and precious fiber; that it is consistent in total phenols (6156 mg/kg); rich in oleic (72.29%), linoleic (8.37%) acids and tocopherols (8.80 mg/kg). A feeding trial was, therefore, carried out on sheep with the scope of investigating the influence of the diet on the quality of milk obtained from sheep fed with DDVOP-enriched feed. The resulting milk was enriched in polyunsaturated (0.21%) and unsaturated (2.42%) fatty acids; and had increased levels of phenols (10.35 mg/kg) and tocopherols (1.03 mg/kg).
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Lin H, Huang ZP, Liu J, Qiu Y, Tao YP, Wang MC, Yao H, Hou KZ, Gu FM, Xu XF. MiR-494-3p promotes PI3K/AKT pathway hyperactivation and human hepatocellular carcinoma progression by targeting PTEN. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10461. [PMID: 29992971 PMCID: PMC6041272 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28519-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that miR-494-3p is oncogene and has a central role in many solid tumors; however, the role of miR-494-3p in the progression and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. In this study, it was found that miR-494-3p was up-regulated in HCC tissues. The high level of miR-494-3p in HCC tumors was correlated with aggressive clinicopathological characteristics and predicted poor prognosis in HCC patients. Functional study demonstrated that miR-494-3p significantly promoted HCC cell metastasis in vitro and vivo. Since phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase-B (PI3K/AKT) signaling is a basic oncogenic driver in HCC, a potential role of miR-494-3p was explored as well as its target genes in PI3K/AKT activation. Of all the predicted target genes of miR-494-3p, the tumor-suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) were identified. In conclusion, the data we collected could define an original mechanism of PI3K/AKT hyperactivation and sketch the regulatory role of miR-494-3p in suppressing the expression of PTEN. Therefore, targeting miR-494-3p could provide an effective therapeutic method for the treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Lin
- The First Department of General Surgeny, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, Anhui Medical University, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Huang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University, 921 Tongxin Road, Hongkou, Shanghai, 200080, China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, Anhui Medical University, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Tao
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Meng-Chao Wang
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, Anhui Medical University, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Ke-Zhu Hou
- The First Department of General Surgeny, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, Anhui Medical University, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Fang-Ming Gu
- The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
| | - Xuan-Fu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai, Anhui Medical University, 999 Shiguang Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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Tezcan G, Taskapilioglu MO, Tunca B, Bekar A, Demirci H, Kocaeli H, Aksoy SA, Egeli U, Cecener G, Tolunay S. Olea europaea leaf extract and bevacizumab synergistically exhibit beneficial efficacy upon human glioblastoma cancer stem cells through reducing angiogenesis and invasion in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:713-723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Rahmanian N, Jafari SM, Wani TA. Bioactive profile, dehydration, extraction and application of the bioactive components of olive leaves. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Çoban J, Öztezcan S, Doğru-Abbasoğlu S, Bingül I, Yeşil-Mizrak K, Uysal M. Olive leaf extract decreases age-induced oxidative stress in major organs of aged rats. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 14:996-1002. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jale Çoban
- Department of Biochemistry; Yeditepe University Medical Faculty; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Serdar Öztezcan
- Department of Biochemistry; Yeditepe University Medical Faculty; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru-Abbasoğlu
- Department of Biochemistry; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ilknur Bingül
- Department of Biochemistry; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kübra Yeşil-Mizrak
- Department of Biochemistry; Yeditepe University Medical Faculty; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry; Istanbul Medical Faculty; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
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Fathy M, Nikaido T. In vivo modulation of iNOS pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma by Nigella sativa. Environ Health Prev Med 2013; 18:377-85. [PMID: 23609474 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-013-0336-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme (iNOS) have been implicated in various tumors. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a highly aggressive form of solid tumor. The lack of effective therapy necessitates the introduction of novel therapeutic strategies to counter this disease. Nigella sativa (NS) has been shown to have specific health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo modulation of the iNOS pathway by NS ethanolic extract (NSEE) and the implications of this effect as an antitumor therapeutic approach against diethylnitrosamine (DENA)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. METHODS Rats were divided into four groups, normal control, NSEE control, cancer control, and NSEE-DENA groups. The diagnosis of cancer was based on alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels and histological variations. Serum NO, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and serum iNOS activity were measured. Liver iNOS expression was investigated by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and western blot assays. RESULTS Serum AFP, NO, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels and iNOS enzyme activity were significantly increased in rats treated with DENA. Significant up-regulation of liver iNOS mRNA and protein expression was also observed. Subsequent treatment with NSEE significantly reversed these effects and improved the histopathological changes in malignant liver tissue which appeared after treatment with DENA, without any toxic effect when given alone. CONCLUSION These results provide evidence that attenuation of the iNOS pathway and suppression of the inflammatory response mediated by TNF-α, and IL-6 could be implicated in the antitumor effect of NSEE. As such, our findings hold great promise for the utilization of NS as an effective natural therapeutic agent in the treatment of hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa Fathy
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
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Fouad AA, Al-Mulhim AS, Jresat I. Therapeutic effect of coenzyme Q10 against experimentally-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2013; 35:100-108. [PMID: 23274416 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of coenzyme Q10 was investigated in rats with hepatocellular carcinoma induced by trichloroacetic acid (0.5g/kg/day, p.o., for five days). Coenzyme Q10 treatment (0.4mg/kg/day, i.p.) was applied for four weeks following trichloroacetic acid administration. Coenzyme Q10 significantly suppressed lipid peroxidation, prevented the depletion of reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase activity, and decreased the elevations of tumor necrosis factor-α and nitric oxide in liver tissue of rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, the histopathological dysplastic changes induced by trichloroacetic acid in liver tissue were ameliorated by coenzyme Q10. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that coenzyme Q10 significantly decreased the expression of hepPar-1, alpha-fetoprotein, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and nuclear factor-κB in liver tissue of rats with hepatocellular carcinoma. It was concluded that coenzyme Q10 may represent a potential therapeutic option for liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr A Fouad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Pharmacology Division, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
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Scanu M, Mancuso L, Cao G. Evaluation of the use of human Mesenchymal Stem Cells for acute toxicity tests. Toxicol In Vitro 2011; 25:1989-95. [PMID: 21798340 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cytotoxicity tests are typically carried out with transformed, immortalized cell lines or primary cells. Immortalized cells are readily available and easily maintained, although they usually show anomalous behavior and phenotypes, which do not reflect the mechanisms observed in their normal homologous cells. Primary cells are indeed considered a better option as model systems for predicting toxicological behavior, although they are limited in quantity and suffer from batch-to-batch variation due to the need to isolate them freshly for each study. In particular, human Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hMSCs) have never been adopted in order to develop in vitro model systems for acute toxicity tests of chemicals. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the possibility of using hMSCs as an alternative method to estimate in vivo starting dose for acute toxicity. As suggested by ICCVAM, 12 reference chemicals were assessed in the present study and a Neutral Red Uptake assay was performed. It is shown for the first time that MSCs isolated from human bone marrow can be confidently used in this area of toxicology. MSCs represent a good promise for the development of in vitro human assays and could ultimately replace, improve or overtake current predictive models in toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Scanu
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica e Materiali, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Piazza d'Armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.
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