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Zhao Q, Ma L, Chen S, Huang L, She G, Sun Y, Shi W, Mu L. Tracking mitochondrial Cu(I) fluctuations through a ratiometric fluorescent probe in AD model cells: Towards understanding how AβOs induce mitochondrial Cu(I) dyshomeostasis. Talanta 2024; 271:125716. [PMID: 38301373 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial copper signaling pathway plays a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in relevant Amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) neurotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. Clarifying the relationship between mitochondrial copper homeostasis and both of mitochondrial dysfunction and AβOs neurotoxicity is important for understanding AD pathogenesis. Herein, we designed and synthesized a ratiometric fluorescent probe CHC-NS4 for Cu(I). CHC-NS4 possesses excellent ratiometric response, high selectivity to Cu(I) and specific ability to target mitochondria. Under mitochondrial dysfunction induced by oligomycin, mitochondrial Cu(I) levels gradually increased, which may be related to inhibition of ATP7A-mediated Cu(I) exportation and/or high expression of COX. On this basis, CHC-NS4 was further utilized to visualize the fluctuations of mitochondrial Cu(I) levels during progression of AD model cells induced by AβOs. It was found that mitochondrial Cu(I) levels were gradually elevated during the AD progression, which depended on not only AβOs concentration but also incubation time. Moreover, endocytosis maybe served as a prime pathway mode for mitochondrial Cu(I) dyshomeostasis induced by AβOs during AD progression. These results have provided a novel inspiration into mitochondrial copper biology in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Lushan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guangwei She
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yongan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Wensheng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lixuan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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2
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Cerón R, Peimbert M, Rojo-Domínguez A, Nájera H. Hen lysozyme fibrillogenesis, molten globule intermediate and effect of copper salts. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:423-434. [PMID: 34821199 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2006090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid fibres have been related to many diseases. The molten globule intermediate has been proposed to form part of the folding pathway of many proteins. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of amyloid-fibres formation of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEWL) incubated in a potassium phosphate buffer, pH 11.8, 100 mM, at 37 °C for 30 h, and evaluated the influence of Cu(II) present in two salts (CuSO4 and CuCl2) during fibrillogenesis. Co-incubation and post-incubation of lysozyme with copper salts reduced the fluorescence signal of thioflavin T with an increment in the intrinsic fluorescence of the protein. The ANS fluorescence test showed that incubation of HEWL for 6 h generated a molten globule intermediate state that formed amyloid fibres when incubation was carried out for a 30-h timespan. Dynamic light scattering showed a heterogeneous population of states in samples incubated in the absence or the presence of salts during the fibrillation process. The existence of a reducing potential was verified during the formation of HEWL amyloid fibres with the bathocuproine disulphonate test. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence and absence of fibres in solutions incubated with and without Cu(II). This work demonstrated that lysozyme formed amyloid fibres at 37 °C and copper inhibited its formation.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cerón
- Posgrado en Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Mariana Peimbert
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Rojo-Domínguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hugo Nájera
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Cuajimalpa, Mexico City, Mexico
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Paul S, Chakraborty S, Anand U, Dey S, Nandy S, Ghorai M, Saha SC, Patil MT, Kandimalla R, Proćków J, Dey A. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha): A comprehensive review on ethnopharmacology, pharmacotherapeutics, biomedicinal and toxicological aspects. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112175. [PMID: 34649336 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae) has been used as a traditional Rasayana herb for a long time. Traditional uses of this plant indicate its ameliorative properties against a plethora of human medical conditions, viz. hypertension, stress, diabetes, asthma, cancer etc. This review presents a comprehensive summary of the geographical distribution, traditional use, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of W. somnifera and its active constituents. In addition, it presents a detailed account of its presence as an active constituent in many commercial preparations with curative properties and health benefits. Clinical studies and toxicological considerations of its extracts and constituents are also elucidated. Comparative analysis of relevant in-vitro, in-vivo, and clinical investigations indicated potent bioactivity of W. somnifera extracts and phytochemicals as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, apoptotic, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, hypoglycaemic, hypolipidemic, cardio-protective and spermatogenic agents. W. somnifera was found to be especially active against many neurological and psychological conditions like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, ischemic stroke, sleep deprivation, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and obsessive-compulsive disorder. The probable mechanism of action that imparts the pharmacological potential has also been explored. However, in-depth studies are needed on the clinical use of W. somnifera against human diseases. Besides, detailed toxicological analysis is also to be performed for its safe and efficacious use in preclinical and clinical studies and as a health-promoting herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhabrata Paul
- School of Biotechnology, Presidency University (2nd Campus), Kolkata 700156, West Bengal, India
| | - Shreya Chakraborty
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Swarnali Dey
- Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, West Bengal, India
| | - Samapika Nandy
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Suchismita Chatterjee Saha
- Department of Zoology, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College (Affiliated to the University of Kalyani), Nabadwip 741302, West Bengal, India
| | - Manoj Tukaram Patil
- Post Graduate Department of Botany, SNJB's KKHA Arts, SMGL Commerce and SPHJ Science College (Affiliated to Savitribai Phule Pune University), Chandwad, Nashik 423101, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal-506007, Telangana, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 5b, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, West Bengal, India.
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Liyanage SI, Weaver DF. Misfolded proteins as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2020; 118:371-411. [PMID: 31928732 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For decades, Alzheimer's Disease (AD) was defined as a disorder of protein misfolding and aggregation. In particular, the extracellular peptide fragment: amyloid-β (Aβ), and the intracellular microtubule-associated protein: tau, were thought to initiate a neurodegenerative cascade which culminated in AD's progressive loss of memory and executive function. As such, both proteins became the focus of intense scrutiny, and served as the principal pathogenic target for hundreds of clinical trials. However, with varying efficacy, none of these investigations produced a disease-modifying therapy - offering patients with AD little recourse aside from transient, symptomatic medications. The near universal failure of clinical trials is unprecedented for a major research discipline. In part, this has motivated an increasing skepticism of the relevance of protein misfolding to AD's etiology. Several recent observations, principally the presence of significant protein pathologies in non-demented seniors, have lent credence to an apparent cursory role for Aβ and tau. Herein, we review both Aβ and tau, examining the processes from their biosynthesis to their pathogenesis and evaluate their vulnerability to medicinal intervention. We further attempt to reconcile the apparent failure of trials with the potential these targets hold. Ultimately, we seek to answer if protein misfolding is a viable platform in the pursuit of a disease-arresting strategy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Imindu Liyanage
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Donald F Weaver
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Abeyawardhane DL, Fernández RD, Heitger DR, Crozier MK, Wolver JC, Lucas HR. Copper Induced Radical Dimerization of α-Synuclein Requires Histidine. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17086-17094. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b08947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo D. Fernández
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Denver R. Heitger
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Madeleine K. Crozier
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Julia C. Wolver
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Heather R. Lucas
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
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6
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Evidence of two oxidation states of copper during aggregation of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 76:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Pandey NK, Ghosh S, Nagy NV, Dasgupta S. Fibrillation of human serum albumin shows nonspecific coordination on stoichiometric increment of Copper(II). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 32:1366-78. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.819300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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8
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Ghosh S, Pandey NK, Bhattacharya S, Roy A, Dasgupta S. Fibrillation of hen egg white lysozyme triggers reduction of copper(II). Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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Corrigan F, Vink R, Blumbergs PC, Masters CL, Cappai R, van den Heuvel C. Characterisation of the effect of knockout of the amyloid precursor protein on outcome following mild traumatic brain injury. Brain Res 2012; 1451:87-99. [PMID: 22424792 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) increases following traumatic brain injury (TBI), although the functional significance of this remains unclear largely because the functions of the subsequent APP metabolites are so different: Aβ is neurotoxic whilst sAPPα is neuroprotective. To investigate this further, APP wildtype and knockout mice were subjected to mild diffuse TBI and their outcomes compared. APP knockout mice displayed significantly worse cognitive and motor deficits, as demonstrated by the Barnes Maze and rotarod respectively, than APP wildtype mice. This was associated with a significant increase in hippocampal and cortical cell loss, as well as axonal injury, in APP knockout mice and an impaired neuroreparative response as indicated by diminished GAP-43 immunoreactivity when compared to APP wildtype mice. This study is the first to demonstrate that endogenous APP is beneficial following mild TBI, suggesting that the upregulation of APP observed following injury is an acute protective response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances Corrigan
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA, Australia
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10
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Kumar S, Seal CJ, Howes MJR, Kite GC, Okello EJ. In vitro protective effects of Withania somnifera (L.) dunal root extract against hydrogen peroxide and β-amyloid(1-42)-induced cytotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. Phytother Res 2011; 24:1567-74. [PMID: 20680931 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Withania somnifera L. Dunal (Solanaceae), also known as 'ashwagandha' in Sanskrit and as 'Indian ginseng', is used widely in Ayurvedic medicine as a nerve tonic and memory enhancer, with antiaging, antistress, immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties. There is a paucity of data on the potential neuroprotective effects of W. somnifera root, as traditionally used, against H(2)O(2)- and Aβ((1-42))-induced cytotoxicity which are current targets for novel approaches to treat dementia, especially dementia of the Alzheimer's type (AD). In this study, an aqueous extract prepared from the dried roots of W. somnifera was assessed for potential protective effects against H(2)O(2)- and Aβ((1-42))-aggregated fibril cytotoxicity by an MTT assay using a differentiated rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cell line. The results suggest that pretreatments of differentiated PC12 cells with aqueous extracts of W. somnifera root significantly protect differentiated PC12 cells against both H(2)O(2)- and Aβ((1-42))-induced cytotoxicity, in a concentration dependent manner. To investigate the compounds that could explain the observed effects, the W. somnifera extract was analysed by liquid chromatography-serial mass spectrometry and numerous withanolide derivatives, including withaferin A, were detected. These results demonstrate the neuroprotective properties of an aqueous extract of W. somnifera root and may provide some explanation for the putative ethnopharmacological uses of W. somnifera for cognitive and other neurodegenerative disorders that are associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kumar
- Medicinal Plant Research Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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11
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Acevedo KM, Hung YH, Dalziel AH, Li QX, Laughton K, Wikhe K, Rembach A, Roberts B, Masters CL, Bush AI, Camakaris J. Copper promotes the trafficking of the amyloid precursor protein. J Biol Chem 2010; 286:8252-8262. [PMID: 21177866 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.128512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of the amyloid β peptide in the cortical and hippocampal regions of the brain is a major pathological feature of Alzheimer disease. Amyloid β peptide is generated from the sequential protease cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). We reported previously that copper increases the level of APP at the cell surface. Here we report that copper, but not iron or zinc, promotes APP trafficking in cultured polarized epithelial cells and neuronal cells. In SH-SY5Y neuronal cells and primary cortical neurons, copper promoted a redistribution of APP from a perinuclear localization to a wider distribution, including neurites. Importantly, a change in APP localization was not attributed to an up-regulation of APP protein synthesis. Using live cell imaging and endocytosis assays, we found that copper promotes an increase in cell surface APP by increasing its exocytosis and reducing its endocytosis, respectively. This study identifies a novel mechanism by which copper regulates the localization and presumably the function of APP, which is of major significance for understanding the role of APP in copper homeostasis and the role of copper in Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ya Hui Hung
- the Centre for Neuroscience, and; the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | | | - Qiao-Xin Li
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; the Department of Pathology
| | - Katrina Laughton
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; the Department of Pathology
| | - Krutika Wikhe
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Alan Rembach
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and; Commonwealth Scientific and Research Organization (CSIRO) Molecular and Health Technologies, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Blaine Roberts
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Colin L Masters
- the Centre for Neuroscience, and; the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
| | - Ashley I Bush
- the Mental Health Research Institute, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia and
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12
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Inoue K, Nakagawa A, Hino T, Oka H. Screening assay for metal-catalyzed oxidation inhibitors using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with an N-terminal beta-amyloid peptide. Anal Chem 2010; 81:1819-25. [PMID: 19173589 DOI: 10.1021/ac802162n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Production of microregional catalytic reactive oxygen species (ROS) by metal-binding amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptides mediates the neurotoxicity of Alzheimer's disease, and inhibitors of this activity may be of therapeutic value. No current analytical methods target specific ROS inhibitors produced by metal-binding peptides. We report a screening assay for metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) inhibitors based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with a model N-terminal Abeta peptide (Abeta(1-6)). When subjected to MCO by Cu(II)/ascorbic acid, singly and doubly charged Abeta(1-6) molecules were observed at m/z 729.2 and 364.8 and m/z 685.3 and 343.3, respectively, corresponding to a decrease in mass of 45 and 89 Da compared with the model peptide. In contrast, H(2)O(2) did not modify the Abeta(1-6) peptide. Modified peptides were characterized by a specific MCO of Abeta(1-6), which contains both His and N-terminal Asp residues. LC-MS detection of the modified peptides allowed us to identify antioxidants that inhibit MCO of Abeta(1-6). MCO of the model peptide was inhibited by curcumin, but not dibutylhydroxytoluene, carotene, tocopherol, estradiol or nicotine, revealing a clear difference between curcumin and other antioxidants. This novel assay may allow for the identification of antioxidants that protect against MCO of peptides and proteins related to degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Inoue
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan.
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13
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Fang CL, Wu WH, Liu Q, Sun X, Ma Y, Zhao YF, Li YM. Dual functions of β-amyloid oligomer and fibril in Cu(II)-induced H2O2 production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 163:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2009] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Cenini G, Giovanna C, Cecchi C, Pensalfini A, Bonini SA, Ferrari-Toninelli G, Liguri G, Memo M, Uberti D. Generation of reactive oxygen species by beta amyloid fibrils and oligomers involves different intra/extracellular pathways. Amino Acids 2009; 38:1101-6. [PMID: 19582548 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0319-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A neuropathological characteristic of Alzheimer's disease is the extracellular accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in neuritic plaques. Recent evidences suggested that soluble Abeta oligomers are the predominant neurotoxic species for neurons. Thus, considerable attention has been paid to discriminate the cytotoxic pathways of Abeta pre-fibrillar aggregates and mature fibrils. We showed that the mechanisms by which Abeta oligomers and fibrils generated reactive oxygen species differ in terms of site of production and kinetics, suggesting the involvement of different intra/extracellular pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cenini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25124, Brescia, Italy
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15
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Campos C, Guzmán R, López-Fernández E, Casado A. Evaluation of the copper(II) reduction assay using bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt for the total antioxidant capacity assessment: the CUPRAC-BCS assay. Anal Biochem 2009; 392:37-44. [PMID: 19464250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2009.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
There is heightened interest in determining antioxidant status of individuals in experimental and clinical studies investigating progression of diseases or diverse aspects of oxidative stress, among others. The aim of this study was to evaluate the copper(II) reduction assay with bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt as chelating agent (the CUPRAC-BCS assay) for the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assessment in human plasma and urine. Samples from 20 individuals were determined with four spectrophotometric assays-CUPRAC-BCS, ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH)-to compare these methods. CUPRAC-BCS was significantly correlated with FRAP and TEAC for plasma and urine samples (r>0.5, P<0.05 for all) and with DPPH for urine samples (r=0.925, P<0.001) but not with DPPH for plasma samples (r=0.366, P=0.112). However, the four methods do not agree given that lines of equality and regression were not matched up. The imprecision of the method is less than 6%, the detection limit is 41.8 micromol trolox equivalents/L, it is linear up to 2 mM trolox, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid dihydrate disodium salt (EDTA) binds to Cu(II), avoiding the formation of Cu(I)-BCS complex. This study shows that CUPRAC-BCS is a simple, fast, inexpensive, and suitable method for TAC assessment in human urine and heparinized plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Campos
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiopathology, Center for Biological Research, Spanish National Research Council, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Hewitt N, Rauk A. Mechanism of hydrogen peroxide production by copper-bound amyloid beta peptide: a theoretical study. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:1202-9. [PMID: 19123835 DOI: 10.1021/jp807327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) of Alzheimer's disease evolves hydrogen peroxide in vitro in the presence of Cu(II), external reducing agents, and molecular oxygen, without producing detectable amounts of the one-electron reduced intermediate, superoxide, O(2)(-*). The mechanism of this process was examined by ab initio computational chemistry techniques in systems that model the binding of Cu(II) to the His13His14 fragment of Abeta. The catalytic cycle begins with the reduction of the most stable Cu(II) complex to the most stable Cu(I) complex. This Cu(I) complex forms a Cu(II)-like adduct with (3)O(2) that cannot dissociate in water to yield O(2)(-*). However, it can be reduced by proton-coupled electron transfer to an adduct between HOO(-) and the Cu(II)-like complex, which in turn can be protonated. The protonated complex decomposes to yield H(2)O(2) by an associative-dissociative mechanism, thus completing the cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Hewitt
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada A1B 3X7
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17
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Hong L, Bush WD, Hatcher LQ, Simon J. Determining Thermodynamic Parameters from Isothermal Calorimetric Isotherms of the Binding of Macromolecules to Metal Cations Originally Chelated by a Weak Ligand. J Phys Chem B 2007; 112:604-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jp075747r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
| | - William D. Bush
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
| | | | - John Simon
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708
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18
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Twenty years of metallo-neurobiology: where to now? EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2007; 37:241-5. [PMID: 17994233 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-007-0228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2007] [Revised: 10/02/2007] [Accepted: 10/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The redox active transition metals Cu2+ and Fe3+ have been proposed as important factors in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. The field that has been called metallo-neurobiology has expanded greatly in the last 20 years. Although there is much experimental evidence on various aspects of the interaction between these metals and the molecular and supramolecular components of the neuropil and the structural biology of metal binding, we are far from fully understanding the part this interaction plays in the normal CNS and in neurodegeneration. This understanding is needed if we are to move beyond the promising, but semi-empirical, approaches to therapies of these diseases based on metal attenuation.
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Guilloreau L, Combalbert S, Sournia-Saquet A, Mazarguil H, Faller P. Redox chemistry of copper-amyloid-beta: the generation of hydroxyl radical in the presence of ascorbate is linked to redox-potentials and aggregation state. Chembiochem 2007; 8:1317-25. [PMID: 17577900 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Aggregation of the beta-amyloid peptide (Abeta) to amyloid plaques is a key event in Alzheimer's disease. According to the amyloid-cascade hypothesis, Abeta aggregates are toxic to neurons through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Copper ions play an important role, because they are able to bind to Abeta and influence its aggregation properties. Moreover, Cu-Abeta is supposed to be directly involved in ROS production. To get a better understanding of these reactions, we measured the production of HO(.) and the redox potential of Cu-Abeta. The results were compared to other biological copper-peptide complexes in order to get an insight into the biological relevance. Cu-Abeta produced more HO(.) than the complex of copper with Asp-Ala-His-Lys (Cu-DAHK), but less than with Gly-His-Lys (Cu-GHK). Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the order for reduction potential is Cu-GHK>Cu-Abeta>Cu-DAHK, but for the oxidation potential the order is reversed. Thus, easier copper redox cycling correlated to higher HO(.) production. The copper complex of the form Abeta1-42 showed a HO(.) production five-times higher than that of the form Abeta1-40. Time-dependence and aggregation studies suggest that an aggregation intermediate is responsible for this increased HO(.) production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luc Guilloreau
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS UPR 8241 associated with the University of Toulouse III, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Fuentealba RA, Farias G, Scheu J, Bronfman M, Marzolo MP, Inestrosa NC. Signal transduction during amyloid-β-peptide neurotoxicity: role in Alzheimer disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 47:275-89. [PMID: 15572177 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with progressive dementia accompanied by two main structural changes in the brain: intracellular protein deposits termed neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and extracellular amyloid protein deposits surrounded by dystrophic neurites that constitutes the senile plaques. Currently, it is widely accepted that amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) metabolism disbalance is crucial for AD progression. A beta deposition may be enhanced by molecular chaperones, including metals like copper and proteins like acetylcholinesterase (AChE). At the neuronal level, several AD-related proteins interact with transducers of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, including beta-catenin and glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3 beta) and both in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is a target for A beta toxicity. Accordingly, activation of this signaling by lithium or Wnt ligands in AD-experimental animal models or in primary hippocampal neurons attenuate A beta neurotoxicity by recovering beta-catenin levels and Wnt-target gene expression of survival genes such as bcl-2. On the other hand, peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonists also activate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and they have neuroprotective effects on hippocampal neurons. Our studies are consistent with the idea that a sustained loss of function of Wnt signaling components would trigger a series of events, determining the onset and development of AD and that modulation of this pathway through the activation of cross-talking signaling cascades should be considered as a possible therapeutic strategy for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Fuentealba
- Centro FONDAP de Regulación Celular y Patología Joaquín Luco, MIFAB, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Miranda S, Opazo C, Larrondo LF, Muñoz FJ, Ruiz F, Leighton F, Inestrosa NC. The role of oxidative stress in the toxicity induced by amyloid beta-peptide in Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2000; 62:633-48. [PMID: 10880853 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0082(00)00015-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
One of the theories involved in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the oxidative stress hypothesis. The amyloid beta-peptide (A beta), a hallmark in the pathogenesis of AD and the main component of senile plaques, generates free radicals in a metal-catalyzed reaction inducing neuronal cell death by a reactive oxygen species mediated process which damage neuronal membrane lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Therefore, the interest in the protective role of different antioxidants in AD such as vitamin E, melatonin and estrogens is growing up. In this review we summarize data that support the involvement of oxidative stress as an active factor in A beta-mediated neuropathology, by triggering or facilitating neurodegeneration, through a wide range of molecular events that disturb neuronal cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Miranda
- Centro de Regulación Celular y Patología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
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