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Wang L, Li M, Zheng M, Tang Y, Yang Z, Ma G, Zheng Q, Li L, Wang Y, Ma F, Liu G. Diagnostic value of galectin-3, fractalkine, IL-6, miR-21 and cardiac troponin I in human ischemic cardiomyopathy. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:10539-10545. [PMID: 38935941 PMCID: PMC11236321 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic potential of galectin-3 (Gal-3), fractalkine (FKN), interleukin (IL)-6, microRNA(miR)-21, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). METHOD A total of 78 ICM patients (Case group) and 80 healthy volunteers (Control group) admitted to our hospital for treatment or physical examination from Aug. 2018 to Feb. 2020 were included in the current study. The serum concentration of Gal-3, FKN, IL-6, miR-21, and plasma expression of cTnI of both groups were determined. The severity of ICM was classified using New York Heart Association (NYHA) scale. RESULTS When compared with the control group, the case group had a significantly high blood concentration of Gal-3, FKN, IL-6, miR-21, and cTnI (P < 0.001). NYHA class II patients had lower blood levels of Gal-3, FKN, IL-6, miR-21, and cTnI than that in patients of NYHA class III and IV without statistical significance (P > 0.05). However, statistical significance could be achieved when comparing the above-analyzed markers in patients classified between class III and IV. Correlation analysis also revealed that serum levels of Gal-3, FKN, IL-6, miR-21, and cTnI were positively correlated with NYHA classification (R = 0.564, 0.621, 0.792, 0.981, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study revealed that up-regulated serum Gal-3, FKN, IL-6, miR-21, and cTnI levels were closely related to the progression of ICM. This association implies that these biomarkers have diagnostic potential, offering a promising avenue for early detection and monitoring of ICM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mingqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yida Tang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Guoping Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qinghou Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Liu Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fangfang Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Heart and Metabolism, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Structural Heart Disease, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Cardiac Injury Repair Mechanism Study, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Medical Clinical Application, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Nussdorf A, Park E, Amigues I, Geraldino-Pardilla L, Bokhari S, Giles JT, Bathon JM. Associations of galectin-3 levels with measures of vascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024; 65:152357. [PMID: 38244444 PMCID: PMC11238268 DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside-binding lectin and is a marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. It may also play a role in joint inflammation. We asked whether serum galectin-3 is a useful marker of subclinical vascular disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS RA patients without clinical CVD underwent assessment of coronary artery calcium (CAC) score, aortic inflammation (using 18Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission-computed tomography [FDG PET/CT]), and myocardial flow reserve (MFR). Aorta FDG uptake was measured as standardized uptake values (SUV). Generalized linear models were constructed to explore the associations of galectin-3 levels with CAC score, aortic SUV, and MFR. RESULTS A total of 124 RA patients (mean age 57; 82 % women, 45 % Hispanic; median RA duration 6.8 years; 75 % seropositive; median CDAI 16; 33 % on prednisone; 89 % on DMARDs; median CAC score 0; median aorta SUV 2.59; mean MFR 2.86; median galectin-3 level 8.54 ng/mL) were analyzed. In univariable analysis, higher galectin-3 levels were associated with higher aortic SUV (p = 0.007) but CAC score and MFR were not. In multivariable analysis, higher galectin-3 level remained significantly associated with higher aortic SUV (ß Coefficient=0.1786, p value=0.002). CONCLUSION In our cohort of RA patients without clinical CVD, higher serum galectin-3 levels were independently associated with higher levels of aortic inflammation, but not CAC score or MFR. This suggests that galectin-3 may be a biomarker for an inflammatory and potentially reversible stage, but not a later (calcified) stage, of atherosclerosis in patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Nussdorf
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Isabelle Amigues
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Laura Geraldino-Pardilla
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sabahat Bokhari
- Division of Cardiology, Lehigh Valley Heart and Vascular Institute, Allentown, PA, USA
| | - Jon T Giles
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joan M Bathon
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
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Jover E, Martín-Núñez E, Garaikoetxea M, Matilla L, Blanco-Colio LM, Pérez-Sáez JM, Navarro A, Fernández-Celis A, Gainza A, Álvarez V, Sádaba R, Tamayo I, Rabinovich GA, Martín-Ventura JL, López-Andrés N. Sex-dependent expression of galectin-1, a cardioprotective β-galactoside-binding lectin, in human calcific aortic stenosis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23447. [PMID: 38329326 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301832rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to analyze sex-related differences in galectin-1 (Gal-1), a β-galactoside-binding lectin, in aortic stenosis (AS) and its association with the inflammatory and fibrocalcific progression of AS. Gal-1 was determined in serum and aortic valves (AVs) from control and AS donors by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Differences were validated by ELISA and qPCR in AS samples. In vitro experiments were conducted in primary cultured valve interstitial cells (VICs). Serum Gal-1 was not different neither between control and AS nor between men and women. There was no association between circulating and valvular Gal-1 levels. The expression of Gal-1 in stenotic AVs was higher in men than women, even after adjusting for confounding factors, and was associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix remodeling, fibrosis, and osteogenesis. Gal-1 (LGALS1) mRNA was enhanced within fibrocalcific areas of stenotic AVs, especially in men. Secretion of Gal-1 was up-regulated over a time course of 2, 4, and 8 days in men's calcifying VICs, only peaking at day 4 in women's VICs. In vitro, Gal-1 was associated with similar mechanisms to those in our clinical cohort. β-estradiol significantly up-regulated the activity of an LGALS1 promoter vector and the secretion of Gal-1, only in women's VICs. Supplementation with rGal-1 prevented the effects elicited by calcific challenge including the metabolic shift to glycolysis. In conclusion, Gal-1 is up-regulated in stenotic AVs and VICs from men in association with inflammation, oxidative stress, matrix remodeling, and osteogenesis. Estrogens can regulate Gal-1 expression with potential implications in post-menopause women. Exogenous rGal-1 can diminish calcific phenotypes in both women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Jover
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ernesto Martín-Núñez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mattie Garaikoetxea
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Lara Matilla
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Luis M Blanco-Colio
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M Pérez-Sáez
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adela Navarro
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Fernández-Celis
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alicia Gainza
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Virginia Álvarez
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rafael Sádaba
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ibai Tamayo
- Research Methodology Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José L Martín-Ventura
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia López-Andrés
- Cardiovascular Translational Research, Navarrabiomed (Fundación Miguel Servet), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Pamplona, Spain
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Nowowiejska J, Baran A, Hermanowicz JM, Sieklucka B, Pawlak D, Flisiak I. Evaluation of Plasma Concentrations of Galectins-1, 2 and 12 in Psoriasis and Their Clinical Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1472. [PMID: 37892153 PMCID: PMC10604582 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex disease that nowadays is considered not only a dermatosis but a kind of systemic disorder associated with many accompanying diseases. Metabolic complications leading to cardiovascular incidences are the cause of increased mortality in psoriatic patients. Galectins (gal) are beta-galactoside-binding lectins that exert different functions, including engagement in metabolic processes. Our aim was to assess the concentrations of gal-1, 2 and 12 in psoriatics, to establish their potential clinical implications, including in metabolic complications. Plasma galectins were assessed by ELISA in 60 psoriatic patients and 30 controls without dermatoses and a negative family history of psoriasis. Plasma concentrations of all galectins were significantly higher in patients than controls (gal-1 with p < 0.001, gal-2 and 12 with p < 0.05). There were no correlations between galectins concentrations and psoriasis severity in PASI or disease duration (p > 0.05). Gal-1 and 12 were significantly negatively correlated with GFR (p < 0.05, p < 0.01, respectively) and gal-2 with HDL (p < 0.05). Gal-2 was significantly positively correlated with CRP (p < 0.05) and gal-12 with fasting glucose (p < 0.01). Based on the results and given the reported role of galectins in metabolic disorders we may conclude that gal-1, 2 and 12 could be potentially engaged in metabolic complications in psoriatics, most probably in atherosclerosis. Gal-2 could be perhaps further investigated as a marker of metabolically induced inflammation in psoriasis, gal-1 and gal-12 as predictors of renal impairment in psoriatics due to metabolic disorders. Potentially, gal-12 could be considered in the future as a marker of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in psoriatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Nowowiejska
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14 St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (A.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Anna Baran
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14 St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (A.B.); (I.F.)
| | - Justyna Magdalena Hermanowicz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (B.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Beata Sieklucka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (B.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C St., 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; (J.M.H.); (B.S.); (D.P.)
| | - Iwona Flisiak
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14 St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland; (A.B.); (I.F.)
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Pervaiz N, Kathuria I, Aithabathula RV, Singla B. Matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development. Matrix Biol 2023; 120:1-23. [PMID: 37086928 PMCID: PMC10225360 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is an intricate network composed of various multi-domain macromolecules like collagen, proteoglycans, and fibronectin, etc., that form a structurally stable composite, contributing to the mechanical properties of tissue. However, matricellular proteins are non-structural, secretory extracellular matrix proteins, which modulate various cellular functions via interacting with cell surface receptors, proteases, hormones, and cell-matrix. They play essential roles in maintaining tissue homeostasis by regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, and several signal transduction pathways. Matricellular proteins display a broad functionality regulated by their multiple structural domains and their ability to interact with different extracellular substrates and/or cell surface receptors. The expression of these proteins is low in adults, however, gets upregulated following injuries, inflammation, and during tumor growth. The marked elevation in the expression of these proteins during atherosclerosis suggests a positive association between their expression and atherosclerotic lesion formation. The role of matricellular proteins in atherosclerosis development has remained an area of research interest in the last two decades and studies revealed these proteins as important players in governing vascular function, remodeling, and plaque formation. Despite extensive research, many aspects of the matrix protein biology in atherosclerosis are still unknown and future studies are required to investigate whether targeting pathways stimulated by these proteins represent viable therapeutic approaches for patients with atherosclerotic vascular diseases. This review summarizes the characteristics of distinct matricellular proteins, discusses the available literature on the involvement of matrix proteins in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and suggests new avenues for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ishita Kathuria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Ravi Varma Aithabathula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA
| | - Bhupesh Singla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, USA.
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Kruk L, Braun A, Cosset E, Gudermann T, Mammadova-Bach E. Galectin functions in cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1052959. [PMID: 36873388 PMCID: PMC9981828 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1052959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins that regulate many cellular functions including proliferation, adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. Increasing experimental and clinical evidence indicates that galectins influence many steps of cancer development by inducing the recruitment of immune cells to the inflammatory sites and modulating the effector function of neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes. Recent studies described that different isoforms of galectins can induce platelet adhesion, aggregation, and granule release through the interaction with platelet-specific glycoproteins and integrins. Patients with cancer and/or deep-venous thrombosis have increased levels of galectins in the vasculature, suggesting that these proteins could be important contributors to cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis. In this review, we summarize the pathological role of galectins in inflammatory and thrombotic events, influencing tumor progression and metastasis. We also discuss the potential of anti-cancer therapies targeting galectins in the pathological context of cancer-associated inflammation and thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Kruk
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Attila Braun
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Erika Cosset
- CRCL, UMR INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Gudermann
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Elmina Mammadova-Bach
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine IV, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital, Munich, Germany
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Mansour AA, Krautter F, Zhi Z, Iqbal AJ, Recio C. The interplay of galectins-1, -3, and -9 in the immune-inflammatory response underlying cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2022; 21:253. [PMID: 36403025 PMCID: PMC9675972 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-022-01690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins are β-galactoside-binding proteins that bind and crosslink molecules via their sugar moieties, forming signaling and adhesion networks involved in cellular communication, differentiation, migration, and survival. Galectins are expressed ubiquitously across immune cells, and their function varies with their tissue-specific and subcellular location. Particularly galectin-1, -3, and -9 are highly expressed by inflammatory cells and are involved in the modulation of several innate and adaptive immune responses. Modulation in the expression of these proteins accompany major processes in cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders, such as atherosclerosis, thrombosis, obesity, and diabetes, making them attractive therapeutic targets. In this review we consider the broad cellular activities ascribed to galectin-1, -3, and -9, highlighting those linked to the progression of different inflammatory driven pathologies in the context of cardiovascular and metabolic disease, to better understand their mechanism of action and provide new insights into the design of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Abo Mansour
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Franziska Krautter
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zhaogong Zhi
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Asif Jilani Iqbal
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences (ICVS), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Carlota Recio
- Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS), Farmacología Molecular y Traslacional -BIOPharm, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain.
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Chen Y, Fu W, Zheng Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Qi Z, Wu M, Fan Z, Yin K, Chen Y, Gao W, Ding Z, Dong J, Li Q, Zhang S, Hu L. Galectin 3 enhances platelet aggregation and thrombosis via Dectin-1 activation: a translational study. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:3556-3574. [PMID: 35165707 PMCID: PMC9989600 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is abnormally increased in cardiovascular disease. Plasma Galectin-3 receives a Class II recommendation for heart failure management and has been extensively studied for multiple cellular functions. The direct effects of Galectin-3 on platelet activation remain unclear. This study explores the direct effects of Galectin-3 on platelet activation and thrombosis. METHODS AND RESULTS A strong positive correlation between plasma Galectin-3 concentration and platelet aggregation or whole blood thrombus formation was observed in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Multiple platelet function studies demonstrated that Galectin-3 directly potentiated platelet activation and in vivo thrombosis. Mechanistic studies using the Dectin-1 inhibitor, laminarin, and Dectin-1-/- mice revealed that Galectin-3 bound to and activated Dectin-1, a receptor not previously reported in platelets, to phosphorylate spleen tyrosine kinase and thus increased Ca2+ influx, protein kinase C activation, and reactive oxygen species production to regulate platelet hyperreactivity. TD139, a Galectin-3 inhibitor in a Phase II clinical trial, concentration dependently suppressed Galectin-3-potentiated platelet activation and inhibited occlusive thrombosis without exacerbating haemorrhage in ApoE-/- mice, which spontaneously developed increased plasma Galectin-3 levels. TD139 also suppressed microvascular thrombosis to protect the heart from myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury in ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSION Galectin-3 is a novel positive regulator of platelet hyperreactivity and thrombus formation in CAD. As TD139 has potent antithrombotic effects without bleeding risk, Galectin-3 inhibitors may have therapeutic advantages as potential antiplatelet drugs for patients with high plasma Galectin-3 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Chen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanrong Fu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunbo Zheng
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhiyong Qi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhichao Fan
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kanhua Yin
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yunfeng Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongren Ding
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianzeng Dong
- Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Liang Hu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,Cardiovascular Institute of Zhengzhou University, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Roldán-Montero R, Pérez-Sáez JM, Cerro-Pardo I, Oller J, Martinez-Lopez D, Nuñez E, Maller SM, Gutierrez-Muñoz C, Mendez-Barbero N, Escola-Gil JC, Michel JB, Mittelbrunn M, Vázquez J, Blanco-Colio LM, Rabinovich GA, Martin-Ventura JL. Galectin-1 prevents pathological vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm7322. [PMID: 35294231 PMCID: PMC8926342 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pathological vascular remodeling is the underlying cause of atherosclerosis and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Here, we analyzed the role of galectin-1 (Gal-1), a β-galactoside-binding protein, as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and AAA. Mice lacking Gal-1 (Lgals1-/-) developed severe atherosclerosis induced by pAAV/D377Y-mPCSK9 adenovirus and displayed higher lipid levels and lower expression of contractile markers of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in plaques than wild-type mice. Proteomic analysis of Lgals1-/- aortas showed changes in markers of VSMC phenotypic switch and altered composition of mitochondrial proteins. Mechanistically, Gal-1 silencing resulted in increased foam cell formation and mitochondrial dysfunction in VSMCs, while treatment with recombinant Gal-1 (rGal-1) prevented these effects. Furthermore, rGal-1 treatment attenuated atherosclerosis and elastase-induced AAA, leading to higher contractile VSMCs in aortic tissues. Gal-1 expression decreased in human atheroma and AAA compared to control tissue. Thus, Gal-1-driven circuits emerge as potential therapeutic strategies in atherosclerosis and AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Roldán-Montero
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM). Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan M. Pérez-Sáez
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabel Cerro-Pardo
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM). Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Estefania Nuñez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sebastian M. Maller
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Nerea Mendez-Barbero
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM). Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Mittelbrunn
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Centro Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación del Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M. Blanco-Colio
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM). Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1428ADN Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428AGE Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Corresponding author. (J.L.M.-V.); (G.A.R.)
| | - Jose L. Martin-Ventura
- IIS-Fundación Jiménez-Díaz-Autonoma University of Madrid (UAM). Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
- Corresponding author. (J.L.M.-V.); (G.A.R.)
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10
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The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential of Galectin-3 in Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010046. [PMID: 35053194 PMCID: PMC8774137 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 plays a prominent role in chronic inflammation and has been implicated in the development of many disease conditions, including heart disease. Galectin-3, a regulatory protein, is elevated in both acute and chronic heart failure and is involved in the inflammatory pathway after injury leading to myocardial tissue remodelling. We discussed the potential utility of galectin-3 as a diagnostic and disease severity/prognostic biomarker in different cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, such as acute ischemic stroke, acute coronary syndromes, heart failure and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Over the last decade there has been a marked increase in the understanding the role of galectin-3 in myocardial fibrosis and inflammation and as a therapeutic target for the treatment of heart failure and myocardial infarction.
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11
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Varasteh Z, De Rose F, Mohanta S, Li Y, Zhang X, Miritsch B, Scafetta G, Yin C, Sager HB, Glasl S, Gorpas D, Habenicht AJ, Ntziachristos V, Weber WA, Bartolazzi A, Schwaiger M, D'Alessandria C. Imaging atherosclerotic plaques by targeting Galectin-3 and activated macrophages using ( 89Zr)-DFO- Galectin3-F(ab') 2 mAb. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1864-1876. [PMID: 33408786 PMCID: PMC7778602 DOI: 10.7150/thno.50247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The high expression of Galectin-3 (Gal3) in macrophages of atherosclerotic plaques suggests its participation in atherosclerosis pathogenesis, and raises the possibility to use it as a target to image disease severity in vivo. Here, we explored the feasibility of tracking atherosclerosis by targeting Gal3 expression in plaques of apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-KO) mice via PET imaging. Methods: Targeting of Gal3 in M0-, M1- and M2 (M2a/M2c)-polarized macrophages was assessed in vitro using a Gal3-F(ab')2 mAb labeled with AlexaFluor®488 and 89Zr- desferrioxamine-thioureyl-phenyl-isothiocyanate (DFO). To visualize plaques in vivo, ApoE-KO mice were injected i.v. with 89Zr-DFO-Gal3-F(ab')2 mAb and imaged via PET/CT 48 h post injection. Whole length aortas harvested from euthanized mice were processed for Sudan-IV staining, autoradiography, and immunostaining for Gal3, CD68 and α-SMA expression. To confirm accumulation of the tracer in plaques, ApoE-KO mice were injected i.v. with Cy5.5-Gal3-F(ab')2 mAb, euthanized 48 h post injection, followed by cryosections of the body and acquisition of fluorescent images. To explore the clinical potential of this imaging modality, immunostaining for Gal3, CD68 and α-SMA expression were carried out in human plaques. Single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) analyses were performed to measure LGALS3 (i.e. a synonym for Gal3) gene expression in each macrophage of several subtypes present in murine or human plaques. Results: Preferential binding to M2 macrophages was observed with both AlexaFluor®488-Gal3-F(ab')2 and 89Zr-DFO-Gal3-F(ab')2 mAbs. Focal and specific 89Zr-DFO-Gal3-F(ab')2 mAb uptake was detected in plaques of ApoE-KO mice by PET/CT. Autoradiography and immunohistochemical analyses of aortas confirmed the expression of Gal3 within plaques mainly in macrophages. Moreover, a specific fluorescent signal was visualized within the lesions of vascular structures burdened by plaques in mice. Gal3 expression in human plaques showed similar Gal3 expression patterns when compared to their murine counterparts. Conclusions: Our data reveal that 89Zr-DFO-Gal3-F(ab')2 mAb PET/CT is a potentially novel tool to image atherosclerotic plaques at different stages of development, allowing knowledge-based tailored individual intervention in clinically significant disease.
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12
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Blanda V, Bracale UM, Di Taranto MD, Fortunato G. Galectin-3 in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239232. [PMID: 33287402 PMCID: PMC7731136 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a β-galactoside-binding protein belonging to the lectin family with pleiotropic regulatory activities and several physiological cellular functions, such as cellular growth, proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, cellular adhesion, and tissue repair. Inflammation, tissue fibrosis and angiogenesis are the main processes in which Gal-3 is involved. It is implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including organ fibrosis, chronic inflammation, cancer, atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review aims to explore the connections of Gal-3 with cardiovascular diseases since they represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. We herein discuss the evidence on the pro-inflammatory role of Gal-3 in the atherogenic process as well as the association with plaque features linked to lesion stability. We report the biological role and molecular mechanisms of Gal-3 in other CVDs, highlighting its involvement in the development of cardiac fibrosis and impaired myocardium remodelling, resulting in heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The role of Gal-3 as a prognostic marker of heart failure is described together with possible diagnostic applications to other CVDs. Finally, we report the tentative use of Gal-3 inhibition as a therapeutic approach to prevent cardiac inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Blanda
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (G.F.)
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, via Gino Marinuzzi 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy
| | - Umberto Marcello Bracale
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Donata Di Taranto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE S.C.a r.l. Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463530
| | - Giuliana Fortunato
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.B.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE S.C.a r.l. Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy
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13
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Galectin-1 is associated with the severity of coronary artery disease and adverse cardiovascular events in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20683. [PMID: 33244142 PMCID: PMC7692553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77804-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectin-1, a β-galactoside-binding lectin mediating inflammation and neovascularization, is reported to attenuate ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. But its role in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to identify the relationship between the circulating galectin-1 level and the severity of CAD in patients with suspected CAD. Pre-procedure galectin-1 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations were measured in 834 subjects who underwent scheduled coronary angiography. Subjects were grouped into tertiles of the galectin-1 levels. SYNTAX scores were calculated to evaluate the severity of CAD. All patients were followed until January 2019 or the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Patients with higher galectin-1 concentrations were older; had greater prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure; and were more likely to present with higher hs-CRP levels and SYNTAX scores. During the follow-up period of 1.3 ± 1.1 years, patients in the highest tertile of galectin-1 were associated with a greater risk of MACE after adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, co-medications, serum levels of hemoglobin, creatinine, hs-CRP, ejection fraction, SYNTAX scores, and revascularization modalities (adjusted hazard ratio 10.95, 95% confidence interval 2.29–52.47, p = 0.003). Galectin-1 showed better discriminatory performance than hs-CRP, and non-inferior performance to SYNTAX scores, in predicting the incidence of MACE.
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14
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Abstract
Galectins are an ancient family of lectins characterized by evolutionarily conserved amino acid sequences and β-galactoside recognition and binding sites. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is one of 15 known galectins. This protein has important functions in numerous biological activities, including cardiac fibrosis and heart failure. In recent years, many studies have shown that Gal-3 is closely associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and may be a promising biomarker for the assessment of severity as well as prognosis prediction in AMI patients, but controversy still exists. In this review, we summarize the latest literature on the relationship between Gal-3 and unstable plaques, the secretion kinetics of Gal-3 during the acute phase of AMI, and the value of Gal-3 in the prediction of post-AMI remodeling. Finally, the possible value of Gal-3 as a biological target for AMI therapy is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Lao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuansheng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan People's Hospital, Zhongshan, Guangdong, China.
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15
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Bruikman CS, Dalila N, van Capelleveen JC, Kroon J, Peter J, Havik SR, Willems M, Huisman LC, de Boer OJ, Hovingh GK, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Dallinga-Thie GM. Genetic variants in SUSD2 are associated with the risk of ischemic heart disease. J Clin Lipidol 2020; 14:470-481. [PMID: 32620384 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2020.05.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic factors partly determine the risk for premature myocardial infarction (MI). OBJECTIVES We report the identification of a novel rare genetic variant in a kindred with an autosomal dominant trait for premature MI and atherosclerosis and explored the association of a common nonsynonymous variant in the same gene with the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in a population-based study. METHODS Next-generation sequencing was performed in a small pedigree with premature MI or subclinical atherosclerosis. A common variant, rs8141797 A>G (p.Asn466Ser), in sushi domain-containing protein 2 (SUSD2) was studied in the prospective Copenhagen General Population Studies (N = 105,408) for association with IHD. RESULTS A novel heterozygous nonsense mutation in SUSD2 (c.G583T; p.Glu195Ter) was associated with the disease phenotype in the pedigree. SUSD2 protein was expressed in aortic specimens in the subendothelial cell layer and around the vasa vasorum. Furthermore, the minor G-allele of rs8141797 was associated with per allele higher levels of SUSD2 mRNA expression in the heart and vasculature. In the Copenhagen General Population Study, hazard ratios for IHD were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.97) in AG heterozygotes and 0.86 (0.62-1.19) in GG homozygotes vs noncarrriers (P-trend = .002). Finally, in meta-analysis including 73,983 IHD cases and 215,730 controls, the odds ratio for IHD per G-allele vs A-allele was 0.93 (0.90-0.96) (P = 4.6 × 10-7). CONCLUSIONS The identification of a truncating mutation in SUSD2, which was associated with premature MI and subclinical atherosclerosis, combined with the finding that a common missense variant in SUSD2 was strongly associated with a lower risk of IHD, suggest that SUSD2 may alter the risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline S Bruikman
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nawar Dalila
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Section for Molecular Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julian C van Capelleveen
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Kroon
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorge Peter
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan R Havik
- Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Willems
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Flevoziekenhuis Almere, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Laurens C Huisman
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Onno J de Boer
- Department of Pathology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Kees Hovingh
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Tybjaerg-Hansen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Section for Molecular Genetics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Copenhagen City Heart Study, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Geesje M Dallinga-Thie
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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16
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Galectin-3 as the Prognostic Factor of Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Long-Term Follow up in Patients after Myocardial Infarction-A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061640. [PMID: 32485853 PMCID: PMC7355423 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a new independent risk factor in the development and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of the study was to evaluate whether Gal-3 concentration has prognostic value and if it reflects the progression of atherosclerosis in carotid arteries in patients with CAD after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The analysis included 110 patients who were hospitalized due to AMI, treated with primary coronary intervention (PCI) and further attended a follow-up visit, and 100 healthy volunteers. The Gal-3 concentration and carotid ultrasound were evaluated at baseline and on a follow-up visit. We found that the Gal-3 concentration in the group with hyperlipidemia decreased during the observation (10.7 vs. 7.9 ng/mL, p = 0.00003). Patients rehospitalized during follow up had higher concentration of Gal-3 in the acute phase of myocardial infarction (MI) (10.7 vs. 7.2 ng/mL, p = 0.02; 10.1 vs. 8.0 ng/mL, p = 0.002, respectively). In the group of patients who had none of the following endpoints: subsequent MI, PCI, coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) or stroke, there was a decrease in Gal-3 concentration at the follow-up visit. Parameters affecting the frequency of a composite endpoint occurrence are: the presence of atheromatous plaque in the carotid artery (p = 0.017), Gal-3 (p = 0.004) and haemoglobin (p = 0.03) concentration. In multivariate analysis, only Gal-3 concentration higher than 9.2 ng/mL at discharge was associated with a nine-fold increase of risk of composite endpoint occurrence (p = 0.0005, OR = 9.47, 95% CI 2.60–34.45). A significant decrease in Gal-3 concentration was observed in the group of patients after AMI without the endpoint occurrence during observation.
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17
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Galectin-3 Is a Potential Mediator for Atherosclerosis. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:5284728. [PMID: 32149158 PMCID: PMC7042544 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5284728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory arterial disease forming the pathological basis of many cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and stroke. Numerous studies have implicated inflammation as a key player in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a 30 kDa β-galactose, highly conserved and widely distributed intracellularly and extracellularly. Gal-3 has been demonstrated in recent years to be a novel inflammatory factor participating in the process of intravascular inflammation, lipid endocytosis, macrophage activation, cellular proliferation, monocyte chemotaxis, and cell adhesion. This review focuses on the role of Gal-3 in atherosclerosis and the mechanism involved and several classical Gal-3 agonists and antagonists in the current studies.
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18
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Seropian IM, González GE, Maller SM, Berrocal DH, Abbate A, Rabinovich GA. Galectin-1 as an Emerging Mediator of Cardiovascular Inflammation: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:8696543. [PMID: 30524200 PMCID: PMC6247465 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8696543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectin-1 (Gal-1), an evolutionarily conserved β-galactoside-binding lectin, controls immune cell homeostasis and tempers acute and chronic inflammation by blunting proinflammatory cytokine synthesis, engaging T-cell apoptotic programs, promoting expansion of T regulatory (Treg) cells, and deactivating antigen-presenting cells. In addition, this lectin promotes angiogenesis by co-opting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) 2 signaling pathway. Since a coordinated network of immunomodulatory and proangiogenic mediators controls cardiac homeostasis, this lectin has been proposed to play a key hierarchical role in cardiac pathophysiology via glycan-dependent regulation of inflammatory responses. Here, we discuss the emerging roles of Gal-1 in cardiovascular diseases including acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, Chagas cardiomyopathy, pulmonary hypertension, and ischemic stroke, highlighting underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Whereas Gal-1 administration emerges as a potential novel treatment option in acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke, Gal-1 blockade may contribute to attenuate pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio M. Seropian
- Servicio de Hemodinamia y Cardiología Intervencionista, Instituto de Medicina Cardiovascular, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199, Argentina
| | - Germán E. González
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Molecular, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Fisiopatología Cardiovascular, Departamento de Patología, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Sebastián M. Maller
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
| | - Daniel H. Berrocal
- Servicio de Hemodinamia y Cardiología Intervencionista, Instituto de Medicina Cardiovascular, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199, Argentina
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428, Argentina
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19
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Tsai MS, Chiang MT, Tsai DL, Yang CW, Hou HS, Li YR, Chang PC, Lin HH, Chen HY, Hwang IS, Wei PK, Hsu CP, Lin KI, Liu FT, Chau LY. Galectin-1 Restricts Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Motility Via Modulating Adhesion Force and Focal Adhesion Dynamics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11497. [PMID: 30065303 PMCID: PMC6068105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration play a key role in the development of intimal hyperplasia and atherosclerosis. Galectin-1 (Gal-1) is a redox-sensitive β-galactoside-binding lectin expressed in VSMCs with intracellular and extracellular localizations. Here we show that VSMCs deficient in Gal-1 (Gal-1-KO) exhibited greater motility than wild type (WT) cells. Likewise, Gal-1-KO-VSMC migration was inhibited by a redox-insensitive but activity-preserved Gal-1 (CSGal-1) in a glycan-dependent manner. Gal-1-KO-VSMCs adhered slower than WT cells on fibronectin. Cell spreading and focal adhesion (FA) formation examined by phalloidin and vinculin staining were less in Gal-1-KO-VSMCs. Concomitantly, FA kinase (FAK) phosphorylation was induced to a lower extent in Gal-1-KO cells. Analysis of FA dynamics by nocodazole washout assay demonstrated that FA disassembly, correlated with FAK de-phosphorylation, was faster in Gal-1-KO-VSMCs. Surface plasmon resonance assay demonstrated that CSGal-1 interacted with α5β1integrin and fibronectin in a glycan-dependent manner. Chemical crosslinking experiment and atomic force microscopy further revealed the involvement of extracellular Gal-1 in strengthening VSMC-fibronectin interaction. In vivo experiment showed that carotid ligation-induced neointimal hyperplasia was more severe in Gal-1-KO mice than WT counterparts. Collectively, these data disclose that Gal-1 restricts VSMC migration by modulating cell-matrix interaction and focal adhesion turnover, which limits neointimal formation post vascular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Shao Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsai Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Lin Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wen Yang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-San Hou
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ru Li
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chiao Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng-Huei Lin
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Yuan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Pei-Kuen Wei
- Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Po Hsu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-I Lin
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tong Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Young Chau
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Therapeutic effects of simvastatin on Galectin-3 and oxidative stress parameters in endotoxemic lung tissue. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180308. [PMID: 29853535 PMCID: PMC6019383 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Galectins constitute of a soluble mammalian β-galactoside binding lectin family, which play homeostatic roles in the regulation of the cell cycle, and apoptosis, in addition to their inflammatory conditions. Galectin-3 has an important role in the regulation of various inflammatory conditions including endotoxemia, and airway inflammation. Statins, the key precursor inhibitors of 3-hydroxyl-3-methyl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, may prevent the progression of inflammation in sepsis after prior statin treatment. Endotoxemia leads to the formation of oxidative stress parameters in proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA. In the present study, we aimed to show the effects of simvastatin on Galectin-3, and glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in lung tissue of rats which were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) during the early phase of sepsis. Rats were divided into four groups as the control, LPS (20 mg/kg), simvastatin (20 mg/kg), and simvastatin+LPS group. Galectin-3 expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung tissue sections was demonstrated by using the immunohistochemistry methods. There were reduced densities, and the decreased number of Galectin-3 immunoreactivities in the simvastatin+LPS group compared with the LPS group in the pneumocytes, and in the bronchial epithelium of lung tissue. In the LPS group, GR, GSH-Px, and SOD were found lower than the levels in simvastatin-treated LPS group (P<0.05, P<0.01, P<0.01 respectively) in the lung tissue. However, TBARS decreased in the simvastatin+LPS group compared with the levels in LPS group (P<0.001). Simvastatin attenuates LPS-induced oxidative acute lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and suppresses LPS-induced Galectin-3 expression in the lung tissue.
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Galectin-3 in patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 478:166-170. [PMID: 29287900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the change of the inflammatory factor Galectin-3 in patients with coronary heart disease, and the correlation between Galectin-3 and the severity of the disease. To observe changes of Galectin-3 in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) before and after radiofrequency ablation, and the changes of Galectin-3 before and after an interim treatment with a high dose of atorvastatin on patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). METHODS Patients with coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation having normal heart function were selected, among them, the patients with AMI were given a short term treatment of 80mg atorvastatin before PCI, and patients with atrial fibrillation underwent radiofrequency catheter ablation. ELISA technique was equipped to observe the Galectin-3 changes in patients with coronary heart disease and that of patients with AF before and after radiofrequency ablation. RESULTS Galectin-3 level of the AMI group was higher than that of the unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group, and its levels were higher than that of the stable angina pectoris (SAP) group, the differences were statistically significant among both groups (P<0.05); Galectin-3 level of multivessel coronary disease group was higher than that of single vessel group, in which a statistically significant difference was noted (P<0.05); There was no statistically significant difference associated in the drop of Galectin-3 levels in patients with AMI after PCI (P>0.05); Galectin-3 of patients with AF decreased after RFCA, but no statistical significance noted (P>0.05); Galectin-3 was negatively correlated with the LVEF value(r=-0.405, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Galectin-3 belongs to a class of inflammatory mediators that is associated with the degree of myocardial inflammation and fibrosis. It is related to the severity of myocardial ischemia and is negatively correlated with the cardiac ejection fraction.
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Wang A, Zhong C, Zhu Z, Xu T, Peng Y, Xu T, Peng H, Chen CS, Wang J, Ju Z, Li Q, Geng D, Sun Y, Zhang J, Yuan X, Chen J, Zhang Y, He J. Serum Galectin-3 and Poor Outcomes Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Stroke 2017; 49:211-214. [PMID: 29229724 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.117.019084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Elevated galectin-3 has been associated with atherosclerosis and poor outcomes in patients with heart failure. However, it remains unclear whether galectin-3 has any effect on the poor outcomes of ischemic stroke. The aim of the present study was to examine the association between galectin-3 with poor outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS Serum galectin-3 was measured in 3082 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The primary outcome was a combination of death or major disability (modified Rankin Scale score, ≥3) at 3 months after stroke. RESULTS Compared with the lowest quartile of galectin-3, multivariate adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for the highest quartile of galectin-3 were 1.55 (1.15-2.09) for composite outcome, 2.10 (0.89-4.95) for death, and 1.43 (1.05-1.93) for major disability. The addition of galectin-3 to the conventional risk factors significantly improved prediction of the combined outcome of death or major disability in patients with ischemic stroke (net reclassification index, 18.9%; P<0.001; integrated discrimination improvement, 0.4%; P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS Higher levels of serum galectin-3 were independently associated with increased risk of death or major disability after stroke onset, suggesting that galectin-3 may have prognostic value in poor outcomes of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Wang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Chongke Zhong
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Zhengbao Zhu
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Tian Xu
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Yanbo Peng
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Tan Xu
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Hao Peng
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Chung-Shiuan Chen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Jinchao Wang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Zhong Ju
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Qunwei Li
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Deqin Geng
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Yingxian Sun
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Jianhui Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Xiaodong Yuan
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Jing Chen
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.)
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.).
| | - Jiang He
- From the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. Z., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, China (A.W., C.Z., Z. B., Tan Xu, H.P., Y.Z.); Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA (C.-S.C., J.C., J.H.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China (Tian Xu); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Hebei (Y.P.); Department of Neurology, Yutian County Hospital, China (J.W.); Department of Neurology, Kerqin District First People's Hospital of Tongliao City, China (Z.J.); Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Taishan Medical College, China (Q.L.); Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, China (D.G.); Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, China (Y.S.); Department of Neurology, Tongliao Municipal Hospital, China (J.Z.); Department of Neurology, Kailuan General Hospital, China (X.Y.); and Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA (J.C., J.H.).
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Chang YY, Wu YW, Lee JK, Lin YM, Lin YT, Kao HL, Hung CS, Lin HJ, Lin YH. Effects of 12 weeks of atorvastatin therapy on myocardial fibrosis and circulating fibrosis biomarkers in statin-naïve patients with hypertension with atherosclerosis. J Investig Med 2016; 64:1194-9. [DOI: 10.1136/jim-2016-000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of 12 weeks of atorvastatin treatment on myocardial fibrosis in patients with hypertension with atherosclerosis. 15 statin-naïve participants (11 males; mean age 67±10 years) with atherosclerosis were given atorvastatin (40 mg/day) for 12 weeks and underwent echocardiography including ultrasonic tissue characterization by cyclic variation of integrated backscatter (CVIBS). Serum galectin-3 and fibrosis markers including aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen (PIIINP), matrix metalloproteinase-2, metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) were also analyzed. After 12 weeks of atorvastatin (40 mg/day) treatment, serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased significantly (204±31 to 140±24 mg/dL and 133±26 to 69±17 ng/mL, respectively, both p<0.001). In myocardial fibrosis analysis, CVIBS increased significantly (6.6±1.9 to 8.5±2.7 dB, p=0.024). In addition, the circulating fibrosis markers serum PIIINP and TIMP-1 decreased significantly (9.5±2.7 to 6.4±1.4 ng/mL, p=0.012 and 299±65 to 250±45 ng/mL, p=0.024, respectively). 12 weeks of medium dose atorvastatin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in myocardial fibrosis as evaluated by morphofunctional parameters and plasma markers of tissue fibrosis.Trial registration numberNTC00172419; results.
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van der Hoeven NW, Hollander MR, Yıldırım C, Jansen MF, Teunissen PF, Horrevoets AJ, van der Pouw Kraan TCTM, van Royen N. The emerging role of galectins in cardiovascular disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2016; 81:31-41. [PMID: 26945624 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Galectins are an ancient family of β-galactoside-specific lectins and consist of 15 different types, each with a specific function. They play a role in the immune system, inflammation, wound healing and carcinogenesis. In particular the role of galectin in cancer is widely studied. Lately, the role of galectins in the development of cardiovascular disease has gained attention. Worldwide cardiovascular disease is still the leading cause of death. In ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis limits adequate blood flow. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis are highly important mechanisms relieving ischemia by restoring perfusion to the post-stenotic myocardial area. Galectins act ambiguous, both relieving ischemia and accelerating atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis can ultimately lead to myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke, which are both associated with galectins. There is also a role for galectins in the development of myocarditis by their influence on inflammatory processes. Moreover, galectin acts as a biomarker for the severity of myocardial ischemia and heart failure. This review summarizes the association between galectins and the development of multiple cardiovascular diseases such as myocarditis, ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore it focuses on the association between galectin and more general mechanisms such as angiogenesis, arteriogenesis and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maurits R Hollander
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cansu Yıldırım
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs F Jansen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul F Teunissen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anton J Horrevoets
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Niels van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Lisowska A, Knapp M, Tycińska A, Motybel E, Kamiński K, Święcki P, Musiał WJ, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Predictive value of Galectin-3 for the occurrence of coronary artery disease and prognosis after myocardial infarction and its association with carotid IMT values in these patients: A mid-term prospective cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2016; 246:309-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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26
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Statins and oxidative stress in chronic heart failure. Rev Port Cardiol 2016; 35:41-57. [PMID: 26763895 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2015.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of dyslipidemia. They are also recommended in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. In addition to decreasing cholesterol synthesis, statins interfere with the synthesis of isoprenoid intermediates, which may explain many of their pleiotropic properties, including their antioxidant effects. Oxidative stress is defined as an imbalance between the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and their elimination by antioxidant defense systems, with a prevailing pro-oxidant status that results in macromolecular damage and disruption of cellular redox signaling. Reactive oxygen species interfere with various processes that affect cardiac structure and function, contributing to the contractile dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis observed in the pathophysiology of heart failure. By regulating several molecular pathways that control nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity, statins help restore redox homeostasis. These drugs also contribute to the control of inflammation and appear to have a protective role in various diseases. The results of observational studies and clinical trials with statins in heart failure have not been consensual. This review aims to analyze the role of oxidative stress in heart failure and the molecular mechanisms underlying statins' antioxidant properties. It also examines current scientific evidence on the use of these drugs as a specific treatment for heart failure.
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Statins and oxidative stress in chronic heart failure. REVISTA PORTUGUESA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repce.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Kim SW, Choi SM, Choo YS, Kim IK, Song BW, Kim HS. Flt3 ligand induces monocyte proliferation and enhances the function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in vitro. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:1740-9. [PMID: 25215878 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Flt3 ligand (FL), a potent hematopoietic cytokine, plays an important role in development and activation of dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer cells (NK). Although some post-receptor signaling events of FL have been characterized, the role of FL on Flt3 expressing human peripheral blood monocyte is unclear. In the current study, we examined the role of FL on cell survival and growth of peripheral blood monocytes and function of monocyte-derived DCs. FL promoted monocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner and prevented spontaneous apoptosis. FL induced ERK phosphorylation and a specific ERK inhibitor completely abrogated FL-mediated cellular growth, while p38 MAPK, JNK, and AKT were relatively unaffected. Addition of FL to GM-CSF and IL-4 during DCs generation from monocytes increased the yield of DCs through induction of cell proliferation. DCs generated in the presence of FL expressed more costimulatory molecules on their surfaces and stimulated allogeneic T cell proliferation in MLR to a higher magnitude. Furthermore, FL partially antagonized IL-10-mediated inhibition on DCs function. Further characterization of FL actions may provide new and important information for immunotherapeutic approaches utilizing DCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Whan Kim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea; Innovative Cell & Gene Therapy Center, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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Kadoglou N, Sfyroeras G, Spathis A, Gkekas C, Gastounioti A, Mantas G, Nikita K, Karakitsos P, Liapis C. Galectin-3, Carotid Plaque Vulnerability, and Potential Effects of Statin Therapy. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2015; 49:4-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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