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Vivoli A, Ghislain J, Filali-Mouhim A, Angeles ZE, Castell AL, Sladek R, Poitout V. Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals a Role for Reactive Oxygen Species and Peroxiredoxins in Fatty Acid-Induced Rat β-Cell Proliferation. Diabetes 2023; 72:45-58. [PMID: 36191509 PMCID: PMC9797324 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The functional mass of insulin-secreting pancreatic β-cells expands to maintain glucose homeostasis in the face of nutrient excess, in part via replication of existing β-cells. Type 2 diabetes appears when these compensatory mechanisms fail. Nutrients including glucose and fatty acids are important contributors to the β-cell compensatory response, but their underlying mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. We investigated the transcriptional mechanisms of β-cell proliferation in response to fatty acids. Isolated rat islets were exposed to 16.7 mmol/L glucose with or without 0.5 mmol/L oleate (C18:1) or palmitate (C16:0) for 48 h. The islet transcriptome was assessed by single-cell RNA sequencing. β-Cell proliferation was measured by flow cytometry. Unsupervised clustering of pooled β-cells identified different subclusters, including proliferating β-cells. β-Cell proliferation increased in response to oleate but not palmitate. Both fatty acids enhanced the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism and mitochondrial activity. Comparison of proliferating versus nonproliferating β-cells and pseudotime ordering suggested the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxiredoxin signaling. Accordingly, N-acetyl cysteine and the peroxiredoxin inhibitor conoidin A both blocked oleate-induced β-cell proliferation. Our study reveals a key role for ROS signaling through peroxiredoxin activation in oleate-induced β-cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Vivoli
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julien Ghislain
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Ali Filali-Mouhim
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Zuraya Elisa Angeles
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Anne-Laure Castell
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Robert Sladek
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University and McGill Genome Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Poitout
- Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Perez-Frances M, van Gurp L, Abate MV, Cigliola V, Furuyama K, Bru-Tari E, Oropeza D, Carreaux T, Fujitani Y, Thorel F, Herrera PL. Pancreatic Ppy-expressing γ-cells display mixed phenotypic traits and the adaptive plasticity to engage insulin production. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4458. [PMID: 34294685 PMCID: PMC8298494 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24788-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular identity of pancreatic polypeptide (Ppy)-expressing γ-cells, one of the rarest pancreatic islet cell-type, remains elusive. Within islets, glucagon and somatostatin, released respectively from α- and δ-cells, modulate the secretion of insulin by β-cells. Dysregulation of insulin production raises blood glucose levels, leading to diabetes onset. Here, we present the genetic signature of human and mouse γ-cells. Using different approaches, we identified a set of genes and pathways defining their functional identity. We found that the γ-cell population is heterogeneous, with subsets of cells producing another hormone in addition to Ppy. These bihormonal cells share identity markers typical of the other islet cell-types. In mice, Ppy gene inactivation or conditional γ-cell ablation did not alter glycemia nor body weight. Interestingly, upon β-cell injury induction, γ-cells exhibited gene expression changes and some of them engaged insulin production, like α- and δ-cells. In conclusion, we provide a comprehensive characterization of γ-cells and highlight their plasticity and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez-Frances
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Léon van Gurp
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maria Valentina Abate
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Valentina Cigliola
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Regeneration Next, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kenichiro Furuyama
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eva Bru-Tari
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Oropeza
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Taïna Carreaux
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yoshio Fujitani
- Lab. of Developmental Biology & Metabolism, Institute for Molecular & Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Fabrizio Thorel
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pedro L Herrera
- Department of Genetic Medicine & Development, iGE3 and Centre facultaire du diabète, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Zhang C, Wu W, Xin X, Li X, Liu D. Extract of ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) ameliorates hyperglycemia and modulates the gut microbiota composition in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Food Funct 2019; 10:3252-3261. [PMID: 31089648 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00119k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) extract (IPE) is a rich source of d-pinitol, which is widely known to have potential anti-diabetic effects. In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize d-pinitol extraction conditions with the Box-Behnken design. We then evaluated the anti-diabetic effects properties of IPE that was extracted under optimized conditions (53 °C, 119 min extraction time, and 1 : 11 dilution) in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats. IPE (400 mg kg-1 day-1) effectively controlled the increased fasting blood glucose level (decreased by 45% vs. GK-control rats) and impaired glucose tolerance (decreased area under curve (AUC) of glucose values by 24%, p < 0.05 vs. GK-control rats) after eight weeks of treatment. Furthermore, IPE significantly improved pancreatic islet morphology, β-cell survival, and insulin secretion in diabetic rats, thus contributing to the antihyperglycemic effect. Finally, prebiotic effects of IPE on gut microbiota were observed and included increased abundance of the beneficial bacteria Bacteroidales_S24-7 and Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and decreased abundance of Treponema_2 and Lactobacillus. Overall, IPE has a substantial effect on attenuating hyperglycemia and modulating gut microbiota composition in diabetic GK rats. Therefore, IPE might be a promising functional food for the prevention of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhang
- Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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4
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Tudurí E, Glavas MM, Asadi A, Baker RK, Ellis CE, Soukhatcheva G, Philit M, Huynh FK, Johnson JD, Bruce Verchere C, Kieffer TJ. AAV GCG-EGFP, a new tool to identify glucagon-secreting α-cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10829. [PMID: 31346189 PMCID: PMC6658537 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of primary glucagon-secreting α-cells is hampered by their low abundance and scattered distribution in rodent pancreatic islets. We have designed a double-stranded adeno-associated virus containing a rat proglucagon promoter (700 bp) driving enhanced green fluorescent protein (AAV GCG-EGFP), to specifically identify α-cells. The administration of AAV GCG-EGFP by intraperitoneal or intraductal injection led to EGFP expression selectively in the α-cell population. AAV GCG-EGFP delivery to mice followed by islet isolation, dispersion and separation by FACS for EGFP resulted in an 86% pure population of α-cells. Furthermore, the administration of AAV GCG-EGFP at various doses to adult wild type mice did not significantly alter body weight, blood glucose, plasma insulin or glucagon levels, glucose tolerance or arginine tolerance. In vitro experiments in transgene positive α-cells demonstrated that EGFP expression did not alter the intracellular Ca2+ pattern in response to glucose or adrenaline. This approach may be useful for studying purified primary α-cells and for the in vivo delivery of other genes selectively to α-cells to further probe their function or to manipulate them for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tudurí
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Elche, Spain
| | - Maria M Glavas
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ali Asadi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Robert K Baker
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cara E Ellis
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Galina Soukhatcheva
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Marjolaine Philit
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Frank K Huynh
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C Bruce Verchere
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Timothy J Kieffer
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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MafB Is Critical for Glucagon Production and Secretion in Mouse Pancreatic α Cells In Vivo. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00504-17. [PMID: 29378833 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00504-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The MafB transcription factor is expressed in pancreatic α and β cells during development but becomes exclusive to α cells in adult rodents. Mafb-null (Mafb-/- ) mice were reported to have reduced α- and β-cell numbers throughout embryonic development. To further analyze the postnatal function of MafB in the pancreas, we generated endocrine cell-specific (MafbΔEndo ) and tamoxifen-dependent (MafbΔTAM ) Mafb knockout mice. MafbΔEndo mice exhibited reduced populations of insulin-positive (insulin+) and glucagon+ cells at postnatal day 0, but the insulin+ cell population recovered by 8 weeks of age. In contrast, the Arx+ glucagon+ cell fraction and glucagon expression remained decreased even in adulthood. MafbΔTAM mice, with Mafb deleted after pancreas maturation, also demonstrated diminished glucagon+ cells and glucagon content without affecting β cells. A decreased Arx+ glucagon+ cell population in MafbΔEndo mice was compensated for by an increased Arx+ pancreatic polypeptide+ cell population. Furthermore, gene expression analyses from both MafbΔEndo and MafbΔTAM islets revealed that MafB is a key regulator of glucagon expression in α cells. Finally, both mutants failed to respond to arginine, likely due to impaired arginine transporter gene expression and glucagon production ability. Taken together, our findings reveal that MafB is critical for the functional maintenance of mouse α cells in vivo, including glucagon production and secretion, as well as in development.
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Shiota C, Prasadan K, Guo P, Fusco J, Xiao X, Gittes GK. Gcg CreERT2 knockin mice as a tool for genetic manipulation in pancreatic alpha cells. Diabetologia 2017; 60:2399-2408. [PMID: 28884202 PMCID: PMC5671347 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The Cre/loxP system, which enables tissue-specific manipulation of genes, is widely used in mice for diabetes research. Our aim was to develop a new Cre-driver mouse line for the specific and efficient manipulation of genes in pancreatic alpha cells. METHODS A Gcg CreERT2 knockin mouse, which expresses a tamoxifen-inducible form of Cre from the endogenous preproglucagon (Gcg) gene locus, was generated by homologous recombination. The new Gcg CreERT2 mouse line was crossed to the Rosa26 tdTomato (R26 tdTomato ) Cre reporter mouse line in order to evaluate the tissue specificity, efficiency and tamoxifen dependency of Gcg CreERT2 -mediated recombination. Cell types of pancreatic islets were identified using immunohistochemistry. Biochemical and physiological data, including blood glucose levels, plasma glucagon and glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 levels, and pancreatic glucagon content, were collected and used to assess the overall effect of Gcg gene targeting on Gcg CreERT2/w heterozygous mice. RESULTS Tamoxifen-treated Gcg CreERT2/w ;R26 tdTomato/w mice displayed Cre reporter activity, i.e. expression of tdTomato red fluorescent protein (RFP) in all known cells that produce proglucagon-derived peptides. In the adult pancreas, RFP was detected in 94-97% of alpha cells, whereas it was detected in a negligible (~ 0.2%) proportion of beta cells. While more than 98% of cells labelled with tamoxifen-induced RFP were glucagon-positive cells, 14-25% of pancreatic polypeptide (PP)-positive cells were also positive for RFP, indicating the presence of glucagon/PP bihormonal cell population. Tamoxifen-independent expression of RFP occurred in approximately 6% of alpha cells. In contrast to alpha cells and GLP-1-producing neurons, in which RFP expression persisted for at least 5 months after tamoxifen administration (presumably due to rare neogenesis in these cell types in adulthood), nearly half of RFP-positive intestinal L cells were replaced with RFP-negative L cells over the first 2 weeks after tamoxifen administration. Heterozygous Gcg CreERT2/w mice showed reduced Gcg mRNA levels in islets, but maintained normal levels of pancreatic and plasma glucagon. The mice did not exhibit any detectable baseline physiological abnormalities, at least in young adulthood. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The newly developed Gcg CreERT2 knockin mouse shows faithful expression of CreERT2 in pancreatic alpha cells, intestinal L cells and GLP-1-producing neurons. This mouse line will be particularly useful for manipulating genes in alpha cells, due to highly specific and efficient CreERT2-mediated recombination in this cell type in the pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyo Shiota
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 Garland Ave, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| | - Krishna Prasadan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Ping Guo
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Joseph Fusco
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - Xiangwei Xiao
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA
| | - George K Gittes
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 4401 Penn Ave, Pittsburgh, PA, 15224, USA.
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7
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Aragón F, Karaca M, Novials A, Maldonado R, Maechler P, Rubí B. Pancreatic polypeptide regulates glucagon release through PPYR1 receptors expressed in mouse and human alpha-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1850:343-51. [PMID: 25445712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma levels of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) rise upon food intake. Although other pancreatic islet hormones, such as insulin and glucagon, have been extensively investigated, PP secretion and actions are still poorly understood. METHODS The release of PP upon glucose stimulation and the effects of PP on glucagon and insulin secretion were analyzed in isolated pancreatic islets. Expression of PP receptor (PPYR1) was investigated by immunoblotting, quantitative RT-PCR on sorted pancreatic islet cells, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In isolated mouse pancreatic islets, glucose stimulation increased PP release, while insulin secretion was up and glucagon release was down. Direct exposure of islets to PP inhibited glucagon release. In mouse islets, PPYR1 protein was observed by immunoblotting and quantitative RT-PCR revealed PPYR1 expression in the FACS-enriched glucagon alpha-cell fraction. Immunohistochemistry on pancreatic sections showed the presence of PPYR1 in alpha-cells of both mouse and human islets, while the receptor was absent in other islet cell types and exocrine pancreas. CONCLUSIONS Glucose stimulates PP secretion and PP inhibits glucagon release in mouse pancreatic islets. PP receptors are present in alpha-cells of mouse and human pancreatic islets. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These data demonstrate glucose-regulated secretion of PP and its effects on glucagon release through PPYR1 receptors expressed by alpha-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Aragón
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Karaca
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Novials
- Diabetes Research Laboratory. IDIBAPS (Institut Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer), CIBERDEM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Maldonado
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Maechler
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Geneva University Medical Center, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - B Rubí
- Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain.
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Wong CO, Yao X. TRP channels in vascular endothelial cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 704:759-80. [PMID: 21290326 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells regulate multiple vascular functions, such as vascular tone, permeability, remodeling, and angiogenesis. It is known for long that cytosolic Ca(2+) level ([Ca(2+)](i)) and membrane potential of endothelial cells are crucial factors to initiate the signal transduction cascades, leading to diverse vascular functions. Among the various kinds of endothelial ion channels that regulate ion homeostasis, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels emerge as the prime mediators for a diverse range of vascular signaling. The characteristics of TRP channels, including subunit heteromultimerization, diverse ion selectivity, and multiple modes of activation, permit their versatile functional roles in vasculatures. Substantial amount of evidence demonstrates that many TRP channels in endothelial cells participate in physiological and pathophysiological processes of vascular system. In this article, we summarize the recent findings of TRP research in endothelial cells, aiming at providing up-to-date information to the researchers in this rapidly growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-On Wong
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences and School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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