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Ucar EH, Peker C, Hitit M, Kose M, Tatar M, Bozkaya F, Atli MO. Altered luteal expression patterns of genomic and non-genomic progesterone receptors in bitches at different reproductive states. Theriogenology 2024; 218:153-162. [PMID: 38325152 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The binding of steroid hormones to their specific receptors is necessary to exert their effects on target cells. Progesterone (P4), a steroid hormone, carries out its effects through both genomic and non-genomic (the cell membrane-associated) receptors. This study aimed to ascertain luteal expression patterns of genomic and non-genomic progesterone receptors in bitches in physiological (early dioestrus and early pregnant) and pathological (pyometra) reproductive states. Luteal tissue was collected from the bitches at early dioestrus (ED, n = 5), early pregnant (EP, n = 5), and pyometra (PY, n = 5). The expression profiles of Steroidogenic Acute Regulator Protein (STAR), Progesterone Receptor (PGR), Membrane Progestin Receptors (PAQR5, PAQR7 and PAQR8), and Progesterone Membrane Components (PGMRC1 and PGMRC2) were examined at the mRNA levels using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Protein levels of PGR, PGMRC1 and PGMRC2 were detected by western blotting (WB). The STAR expression was found in all groups, with a statistical difference observed between EP and PY groups (P < 0.05). The protein level of PGR was determined to be highest in the EP group and lowest in the PY group. The expression of PAQR8 increased in the EP group (P < 0.05). The PAQR5 exhibited high expression in the EP group and low expression in the PY group (P < 0.05). PGRMC1 was more elevated in the EP group and lower in the PY group (P < 0.05). Protein levels of PGMRC1 and PGMRC2 were also observed at the highest expression in EP group. According to the altered expression profiles for examined receptors, we suggest that those progesterone receptors have roles in early pregnancy or pyometra in bitches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyyup Hakan Ucar
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Cevdet Peker
- Aydin Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Hitit
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Genetics, Kastamonu, Turkey; Prairie View University, College of Agriculture, Food and Human Sciences, Prairie View, TX, USA.
| | - Mehmet Kose
- Dicle University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
| | - Musa Tatar
- Kastamonu University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Histology and Emrbyology, Kastamonu, Turkey.
| | - Faruk Bozkaya
- Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Animal Science and Animal Nutrition/Department of Veterinary Genetics, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Osman Atli
- Harran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Reproduction and Artificial Inseminatio, Sanliurfa, Turkey.
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2
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Lodde V, Luciano AM, Garcia Barros R, Giovanardi G, Sivelli G, Franciosi F. Review: The putative role of Progesterone Receptor membrane Component 1 in bovine oocyte development and competence. Animal 2023; 17 Suppl 1:100783. [PMID: 37567656 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of developmental competence is a complex process in which many cell types cooperate to support oocyte maturation, fertilisation, and preimplantation embryonic development. In recent years, compelling evidence has shown that Progesterone Receptor Membra Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in many cell types of the mammalian reproductive system where it exerts diverse functions. In the ovary, PGRMC1 affects follicular growth by controlling cell viability and proliferation of granulosa cells. PGRMC1 has also a direct role in promoting a proper completion of bovine oocyte maturation, as altering its function leads to defective chromosome segregation and polar body extrusion. Strikingly, the mechanism by which PGRMC1 controls mitotic and meiotic cell division seems to be conserved, involving an association with the spindle apparatus and the chromosomal passenger complex through Aurora kinase B. Conclusive data on a possible role of PGRMC1 in the preimplantation embryo are lacking and further research is needed to test whether the mechanisms that are set in place in mitotic cells also govern blastomere cleavage and subsequent differentiation. Finally, PGRMC1 is also expressed in oviductal cells and, as such, it might also impact fertilisation and early embryonic development, although this issue is completely unexplored. However, the study of PGRMC1 function in the mammalian reproductive system remains a complex matter, due to its pleiotropic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
| | - A M Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - R Garcia Barros
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - G Giovanardi
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - G Sivelli
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
| | - F Franciosi
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy
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3
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Abstract
Progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) proteins play important roles in tumor growth, progression, and chemoresistance, of which PGRMC1 is the best characterized. The ancestral member predates the evolution of metazoans, so it is perhaps not surprising that many of the purported actions of PGRMC proteins are rooted in fundamental metabolic processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA damage responses. Despite mediating some of the actions of progesterone (P4) and being fundamentally required for female fertility, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 are broadly expressed in most tissues. As such, these proteins likely have both progesterone-dependent and progesterone-independent functions. It has been proposed that PGRMC1 acquired the ability to mediate P4 actions over evolutionary time through acquisition of its cytochrome b5-like heme/sterol-binding domain. Diverse reproductive and nonreproductive diseases associate with altered PGRMC1 expression, epigenetic regulation, or gene silencing mechanisms, some of which include polycystic ovarian disease, premature ovarian insufficiency, endometriosis, Alzheimer disease, and cancer. Although many studies have been completed using transformed cell lines in culture or in xenograft tumor approaches, recently developed transgenic model organisms are offering new insights in the physiological actions of PGRMC proteins, as well as pathophysiological and oncogenic consequences when PGRMC expression is altered. The purpose of this mini-review is to provide an overview of PGRMC proteins in cancer and to offer discussion of where this field must go to solidify PGRMC proteins as central contributors to the oncogenic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Pru
- Correspondence: James K. Pru, PhD, Program in Reproductive Biology, Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
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4
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Roberts JF, Jeff Huang CC. Bovine models for human ovarian diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 189:101-154. [PMID: 35595347 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
During early embryonic development, late fetal growth, puberty, adult reproductive years, and advanced aging, bovine and human ovaries closely share molecular pathways and hormonal signaling mechanisms. Other similarities between these species include the size of ovaries, length of gestation, ovarian follicular and luteal dynamics, and pathophysiology of ovarian diseases. As an economically important agriculture species, cattle are a foundational species in fertility research with decades of groundwork using physiologic, genetic, and therapeutic experimental techniques. Many technologies used in modern reproductive medicine, such as ovulation induction using hormonal therapy, were first used in cows before human trials. Human ovarian diseases with naturally occurring bovine correlates include premature ovary insufficiency (POI), polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and sex-cord stromal tumors (SCSTs). This article presents an overview of bovine ovary research related to causes of infertility, ovarian diseases, diagnostics, and therapeutics, emphasizing where the bovine model can offer advantages over other lab animals for translational applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Roberts
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic & Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
| | - Chen-Che Jeff Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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5
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Peluso JJ. Progesterone Signaling and Mammalian Ovarian Follicle Growth Mediated by Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component Family Members. Cells 2022; 11:1632. [PMID: 35626669 PMCID: PMC9139379 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
How progesterone influences ovarian follicle growth is a difficult question to answer because ovarian cells synthesize progesterone and express not only the classic nuclear progesterone receptor but also members of the progestin and adipoQ receptor family and the progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) family. Which type of progestin receptor is expressed depends on the ovarian cell type as well as the stage of the estrous/menstrual cycle. Given the complex nature of the mammalian ovary, this review will focus on progesterone signaling that is transduced by PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 specifically as it relates to ovarian follicle growth. PGRMC1 was identified as a progesterone binding protein cloned from porcine liver in 1996 and detected in the mammalian ovary in 2005. Subsequent studies focused on PGRMC family members as regulators of granulosa cell proliferation and survival, two physiological processes required for follicle development. This review will present evidence that demonstrates a causal relationship between PGRMC family members and the promotion of ovarian follicle growth. The mechanisms through which PGRMC-dependent signaling regulates granulosa cell proliferation and viability will also be discussed in order to provide a more complete understanding of our current concept of how progesterone regulates ovarian follicle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J. Peluso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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6
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Effect of Steroid Hormones, Prostaglandins (E2 and F2α), Oxytocin, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha on Membrane Progesterone (P4) Receptors Gene Expression in Bovine Myometrial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12040519. [PMID: 35203226 PMCID: PMC8868417 DOI: 10.3390/ani12040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myometrium tissue shows the expression of non-genomic membrane progesterone (P4) receptors, such as progesterone receptor membrane components (PGRMC) 1 and 2 and membrane progestin receptors (mPR) alpha (mPRα), beta (mPRβ), and gamma (mPRγ). Their variable expression in the bovine uterus during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy suggests that ovarian steroids and luteotropic and/or luteolytic factors may regulate the expression of these receptors in the myometrium. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effect of P4, estradiol (E2), P4 with E2, prostaglandins (PG) E2 and F2α, oxytocin (OT), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) on the gene expression of PGRMC1, PGRMC2, serpine-1 mRNA-binding protein (SERBP1), and mPRα, mPRβ, and mPRγ in bovine myometrial cells from days 6 to 10 and 11 to 16 of the estrous cycle. The PGE2 concentration and mRNA expression were determined by EIA and real-time PCR, respectively. The data indicated that P4 and E2 can affect the mRNA expression of all studied receptors and SERPB1. However, PGE2, OT, and TNFα could only modulate the expression of PGRMC1, PGRMC2, and SERPB1, respectively. Steroids/factors changed the expression of PGRMC and mPR genes depending on the dose, the stage of the estrous cycle, and the types of receptors. This suggests that the local hormonal milieu may influence the activity of these receptors and P4 action in myometrial cells during the estrous cycle.
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7
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Mezera MA, Li W, Liu L, Meidan R, Peñagaricano F, Wiltbank MC. Effect of natural pre-luteolytic prostaglandin F2α pulses on the bovine luteal transcriptome during spontaneous luteal regression. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:1016-1029. [PMID: 34170313 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulsatile pattern of prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF) secretion during spontaneous luteolysis is well-documented, with multiple pulses of exogenous PGF necessary to induce regression using physiologic concentrations of PGF. However, during spontaneous regression, the earliest pulses of PGF are small and not associated with detectable changes in circulating progesterone (P4), bringing into question what, if any, role these early, subluteolytic PGF pulses have during physiologic regression. To investigate the effect of small PGF pulses, luteal biopsies were collected throughout natural luteolysis in conjunction with bihourly blood samples to determine circulating P4 and PGF metabolite to retrospectively assign biopsies to early and later regression. Whole transcriptome analysis was conducted on CL biopsies. Early PGF pulses altered the luteal transcriptome, inducing differential expression of 210 genes (Q < 0.05) during early regression, compared to 4615 differentially expressed genes during later regression. In early regression, few of these differentially expressed genes were directly associated with luteolysis, rather there were changes in local steroid and glutathione metabolism. Most (94%) differentially expressed genes from early regression were also differentially expressed during later regression, with 98% of these continuing to be altered in the same direction compared to CL at a similar stage of the cycle that had not yet been exposed to PGF. Thus, early, subluteolytic PGF pulses impact the luteal transcriptome, though not by altering steroidogenesis or causing direct inhibition of cellular function. Rather, small pulses alter pathways resulting in removal of cellular support systems, which may sensitize the CL to later pulses of PGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Mezera
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.,USDA Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wenli Li
- USDA Dairy Forage Research Center, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Lihe Liu
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Rina Meidan
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
| | - Francisco Peñagaricano
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Milo C Wiltbank
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences and 2Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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8
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Binder C, Aurich J, Scarlet D, Reichart U, Walter I, Aurich C. Expression of nuclear progesterone receptor, progesterone receptor membrane components 1 and 2 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 in the endometrium and oviduct of spontaneously ovulating cats. Theriogenology 2021; 172:200-206. [PMID: 34271496 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Although ovulations not followed by pregnancy occur regularly in cats, differences in endometrial function between cats in the luteal and non-luteal phase have not been studied so far. Progesterone exerts its effects through a nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) and via cell-membrane bound receptors referred to as progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2. Progesterone receptor expression is regulated by gonadal steroid hormones and therefore may change throughout the oestrous cycle. Protein expression of PGR, PGRMC-1 and 2 and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) was analysed in the endometrium and oviduct of non-pregnant female cats in the follicular (n = 8) and luteal phase (n = 9). We hypothesized that the presence of corpora lutea (CL) is associated with downregulation of progesterone receptors and PTGS2. Cells of the luminal endometrial epithelium, endometrial stroma and oviductal epithelium were assessed by immunohistochemistry. The PGR protein expression was more pronounced in the endometrial epithelium than stroma (p < 0.001) and less pronounced in cats with a CL than without CL (p < 0.001) but did not differ between groups in the oviduct. The PTGS2 was localized only in the endometrial and oviductal epithelium and its expression was reduced in cats with CL (p = 0.001). In the endometrial epithelium, PGRMC-1 expression was reduced in cats with CL (p < 0.05). Expression of PGRMC-2 was highest in the endometrial epithelium and lowest in the endometrial stroma (p = 0.01) but did not differ between cats with and without CL. In conclusion, progesterone receptor and PTGS2 downregulation in the female cat closely resembles findings in other spontaneously ovulating domestic animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Binder
- Obstetrics and Reproduction, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - J Aurich
- Obstetrics and Reproduction, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - D Scarlet
- Obstetrics and Reproduction, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - U Reichart
- VetCore Facility for Research, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Walter
- VetCore Facility for Research, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Pathology, Department for Pathobiology, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Aurich
- Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Department for Small Animals and Horses, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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9
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Smallman MA, Filtz TM, Stormshak F. Mifepristone and PGF 2α activate phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in the ovine corpus luteum. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 153:106538. [PMID: 33545368 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Two experiments were conducted to determine whether mifepristone (RU486) and PGF2α activate the phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis pathway during the midluteal phase of the ovine estrous cycle. In experiment 1, ewes on day 8 of the cycle were given 10 μg RU486 or vehicle into the ovarian artery with removal of the corpus luteum (CL) after 10 min. Blood collected prior to and after treatment was analyzed for progesterone. Aliquots of CL were incubated with 10 μCi of 3H-inositol and in the presence and absence of PGF2α (10 nM) for 15 min. Exposure of CL to RU486 and PGF2α increased phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis (p < 0.05). Serum progesterone was reduced in both control and RU486-treated ewes (p < 0.05) compared to concentrations before treatments. In experiment 2, aliquots of CL collected from ewes on day 8 of the cycle were incubated with 3H-inositol and exposed to RU486 (2 μM) in the presence and absence of PGF2α (1 μM) for 15 min. Treatments stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis as in Exp 1 (p < 0.05). Progesterone concentrations in incubation medium were increased in response to RU486 and PGF2α (p < 0.05). Collectively, these data suggest that RU486 and PGF2α act to stimulate phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis in the mature ovine CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary A Smallman
- Oregon State University, Department of Animal and Rangeland Science, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Theresa M Filtz
- Oregon State University, College of Pharmacy, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Fredrick Stormshak
- Oregon State University, Department of Animal and Rangeland Science, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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10
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Wright BR, Farquharson KA, McLennan EA, Belov K, Hogg CJ, Grueber CE. A demonstration of conservation genomics for threatened species management. Mol Ecol Resour 2020; 20:1526-1541. [DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda R. Wright
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Katherine A. Farquharson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Elspeth A. McLennan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Katherine Belov
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Carolyn J. Hogg
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
| | - Catherine E. Grueber
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- San Diego Zoo Global San Diego CA USA
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11
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Terzaghi L, Banco B, Groppetti D, Dall'Acqua PC, Giudice C, Pecile A, Grieco V, Lodde V, Luciano AM. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) expression in canine mammary tumors: A preliminary study. Res Vet Sci 2020; 132:101-107. [PMID: 32544632 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Canine mammary tumors (CMT) represent the most common neoplasms in female dogs and their diagnosis and classification relies on histopathological examination. Recently, PGRMC1 has been considered to be a putative biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in many human cancers as it is expressed in a wide variety of tumors. This study represents the first description of PGRMC1 expression in CMT. PGRMC1 expression was initially assessed by immunohistochemistry in healthy or hyperplastic tissues and in four major histopathological types of CMT: simple and complex adenomas and carcinomas. PGRMC1 staining was represented by a scoring system that considered the percentage of positive cells and staining intensity. PGRMC1 expression was defined as either weak, moderate or strong. In healthy and hyperplastic tissues almost 100% of the epithelial cells stained intensely for PGRMC1. Adenomas showed similar features but with a more variable intensity. In tubular areas of adenocarcinomas, a lower percentage of epithelial cells (30-60%) stained for PGRMC1 with a weak intensity. Both the percentage of cells and intensity of PGRMC1 staining became progressively negative in the solid parts of the tumor. Western blot analysis of healthy and neoplastic mammary tissue (carcinomas samples) revealed the presence of the 25 kDa PGRMC1 band in both types of tissue, while the 50 kDa form was mainly detected in the healthy counterpart. This study reveals that PGRMC1 is expressed in CMT and its expression pattern changes depending on the pattern of growth of CMT. Further studies are now needed to determine PGRMC1's putative role and usefulness for typing and prognosis of different CMT subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Terzaghi
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Banco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Debora Groppetti
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Priscila C Dall'Acqua
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Animal Reproduction, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil; Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Chiara Giudice
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pecile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Grieco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Lodde
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto M Luciano
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Sánchez JM, Passaro C, Forde N, Browne JA, Behura SK, Fernández-Fuertes B, Mathew DJ, Kelly AK, Butler ST, Spencer TE, Lonergan P. Do differences in the endometrial transcriptome between uterine horns ipsilateral and contralateral to the corpus luteum influence conceptus growth to day 14 in cattle? Biol Reprod 2020; 100:86-100. [PMID: 30137215 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo transfer to the uterine horn contralateral to the ovary containing the corpus luteum (CL) negatively impacts pregnancy establishment in cattle. Our aim was to compare the transcriptome and ability of the ipsilateral and contralateral uterine horns to support preimplantation conceptus survival and growth to day 14. In experiment 1, endometrial samples from both horns were collected from synchronized heifers slaughtered on day 5, 7, 13, or 16 post-estrus (n = 5 per time) and subjected to RNA sequencing. In experiment 2, 10 day 7 in vitro produced blastocysts were transferred into the uterine horn ipsilateral (n = 9) or contralateral to the CL (n = 8) or into both horns (i.e., bilateral, n = 9) of synchronized recipient heifers. Reproductive tracts were recovered at slaughter on day 14, and the number and dimensions of recovered conceptuses were recorded for each horn. A total of 217, 54, 14, and 18 differentially expressed genes (>2-fold change, FDR P < 0.05) were detected between ipsilateral and contralateral horns on days 5, 7, 13, and 16, respectively, with signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells, ErbB signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway amongst the top canonical pathways. Site of embryo transfer did not affect recovery rate (48.0%, 168/350) or length of conceptuses (mean ± SE 2.85 ± 0.27 mm). Although differences in gene expression exist between the endometrium of uterine horns ipsilateral and contralateral to the CL in cattle, they do not impact conceptus survival or length between day 7 and 14.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Sánchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Claudia Passaro
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Niamh Forde
- School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John A Browne
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Mathew
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Alan K Kelly
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Stephen T Butler
- Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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13
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Fabbrocini A, Coccia E, D’Adamo R, Faggio C, Paolucci M. Mifepristone affects fertility and development in the sea urchin
Paracentrotus lividus. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1348-1356. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adele Fabbrocini
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Marine Sciences, UOS Napoli, Calata Porta di Massa Napoli Italy
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine BiotechnologiesUOS Lesina Lesina (FG) Italy
| | - Elena Coccia
- Department of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Sannio Benevento Italy
| | - Raffaele D’Adamo
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Marine Sciences, UOS Napoli, Calata Porta di Massa Napoli Italy
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine BiotechnologiesUOS Lesina Lesina (FG) Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesViale Ferdinando Stagno d'Alcontres Messina Italy
| | - Marina Paolucci
- Department of Sciences and TechnologyUniversity of Sannio Benevento Italy
- National Research Council (CNR) Institute of Food Science Avellino Italy
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14
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Terzaghi L, Luciano AM, Dall'Acqua PC, Modina SC, Peluso JJ, Lodde V. PGRMC1 localization and putative function in the nucleolus of bovine granulosa cells and oocytes. Reproduction 2018; 155:273-282. [PMID: 29339453 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone receptor membrane component-1 (PGRMC1) is a highly conserved multifunctional protein that is found in numerous systems, including reproductive system. Interestingly, PGRMC1 is expressed at several intracellular locations, including the nucleolus. The aim of this study is to investigate the functional relationship between PGRMC1 and nucleolus. Immunofluorescence experiments confirmed PGRMC1's nucleolar localization in cultured bovine granulosa cells (bGC) and oocytes. Additional experiments conducted on bGC revealed that PGRMC1 co-localizes with nucleolin (NCL), a major nucleolar protein. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing experiments showed that when PGRMC1 expression was depleted, NCL translocated from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm. Similarly, oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment, reduced PGRMC1 immunofluorescent signal in the nucleolus and increased NCL nucleoplasmic signal, when compared to non-treated cells. Although PGRMC1 influenced NCL localization, a direct interaction between these two proteins was not detected using in situ proximity ligation assay. This suggests the involvement of additional molecules in mediating the co-localization of PGRMC1 and nucleolin. Since nucleolin translocates into the nucleoplasm in response to various cellular stressors, PGRMC1's ability to regulate its localization within the nucleolus is likely an important component of mechanism by which cells response to stress. This concept is consistent with PGRMC1's well-described ability to promote ovarian cell survival and provides a rationale for future studies on PGRMC1, NCL and the molecular mechanism by which these two proteins protect against the adverse effect of cellular stressors, including oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Terzaghi
- Department of HealthAnimal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Luciano
- Department of HealthAnimal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Priscila C Dall'Acqua
- School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSão Paulo State University (UNESP), Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Silvia C Modina
- Department of HealthAnimal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - John J Peluso
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Valentina Lodde
- Department of HealthAnimal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Clark NC, Pru CA, Yee SP, Lydon JP, Peluso JJ, Pru JK. Conditional Ablation of Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 2 Causes Female Premature Reproductive Senescence. Endocrinology 2017; 158:640-651. [PMID: 28005395 PMCID: PMC5460782 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The nonclassical progesterone receptors progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and PGRMC2 have been implicated in regulating cell survival of endometrial and ovarian cells in vitro and are abundantly expressed in these cell types. The objective of this study was to determine if Pgrmc1 and Pgrmc2 are essential for normal female reproduction. To accomplish this objective, Pgrmc1 and/or Pgrmc2 floxed mice (Pgrmc2fl/fl and Pgrmc1/2fl/fl) were crossed with Pgr-cre mice, which resulted in the conditional ablation of Pgrmc1 and/or Pgrmc2 from female reproductive tissues (i.e.,Pgrmc2d/d and Pgrmc1/2d/d mice). A breeding trial revealed that conditional ablation of Pgrmc2 initially led to subfertility, with Pgrmc2d/d female mice producing 47% fewer pups/litter than Pgrmc2fl/fl mice (P = 0.001). Pgrmc2d/d mice subsequently underwent premature reproductive senescence by parities 2 to 5, producing 37.8% fewer litters overall during the trial compared with Pgrmc2fl/fl mice (P = 0.020). Similar results were observed with Pgrmc1/2d/d mice. Based on ovarian morphology and serum P4, the subfertility/infertility was not due to faulty ovulation or luteal insufficiency. Rather an analysis of midgestation implantation sites revealed that postimplantation embryonic death was the major cause of the subfertility/infertility. As with our previous report of Pgrmc1d/d mice, Pgrmc2d/d and Pgrmc1/2d/d mice developed endometrial cysts consistent with accelerated aging of this tissue. Given the timing of postimplantation embryonic demise, uterine decidualization may be disrupted in mice deficient in PGRMC2 or PGRMC1/2. Overall, this study revealed that Pgrmc1 and/or Pgrmc2 are required for the maintenance of uterine histoarchitecture and normal female reproductive lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole C. Clark
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164;
| | - Cindy A. Pru
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164;
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Departments of Cell Biology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030; and
| | - John P. Lydon
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - John J. Peluso
- Departments of Cell Biology and Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030; and
| | - James K. Pru
- Department of Animal Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164;
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16
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Progesterone, estrogen, and androgen receptors in the corpus luteum of the domestic cat, Iberian lynx ( Lynx pardinus ) and Eurasian lynx ( Lynx lynx ). Theriogenology 2016; 86:2107-2118. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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17
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Jeon SG, Kim KA, Chung H, Choi J, Song EJ, Han SY, Oh MS, Park JH, Kim JI, Moon M. Impaired Memory in OT-II Transgenic Mice Is Associated with Decreased Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis Possibly Induced by Alteration in Th2 Cytokine Levels. Mol Cells 2016; 39:603-10. [PMID: 27432189 PMCID: PMC4990752 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, an increasing number of studies have focused on the effects of CD4+ T cell on cognitive function. However, the changes of Th2 cytokines in restricted CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire model and their effects on the adult hippocampal neurogenesis and memory are not fully understood. Here, we investigated whether and how the mice with restricted CD4+ repertoire TCR exhibit learning and memory impairment by using OT-II mice. OT-II mice showed decreased adult neurogenesis in hippocampus and short- and long- term memory impairment. Moreover, Th2 cytokines in OT-II mice are significantly increased in peripheral organs and IL-4 is significantly increased in brain. Finally, IL-4 treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of cultured adult rat hippocampal neural stem cells. Taken together, abnormal level of Th2 cytokines can lead memory dysfunction via impaired adult neurogenesis in OT-II transgenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong Gak Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
| | - Kyoung Ah Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
| | - Hyunju Chung
- Department of Core Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 0527,
Korea
| | - Junghyun Choi
- Department of Core Research Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 0527,
Korea
| | - Eun Ji Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
| | - Seung-Yun Han
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447,
Korea
| | - Jong Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Jin-il Kim
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243,
Korea
| | - Minho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
- Konyang University Myunggok Medical Research Institute, Dajeon 35365,
Korea
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18
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Terzaghi L, Tessaro I, Raucci F, Merico V, Mazzini G, Garagna S, Zuccotti M, Franciosi F, Lodde V. PGRMC1 participates in late events of bovine granulosa cells mitosis and oocyte meiosis. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:2019-32. [PMID: 27260975 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1192731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone Receptor Membrane Component 1 (PGRMC1) is expressed in both oocyte and ovarian somatic cells, where it is found in multiple cellular sub-compartments including the mitotic spindle apparatus. PGRMC1 localization in the maturing bovine oocytes mirrors its localization in mitotic cells, suggesting a possible common action in mitosis and meiosis. To test the hypothesis that altering PGRMC1 activity leads to similar defects in mitosis and meiosis, PGRMC1 function was perturbed in cultured bovine granulosa cells (bGC) and maturing oocytes and the effect on mitotic and meiotic progression assessed. RNA interference-mediated PGRMC1 silencing in bGC significantly reduced cell proliferation, with a concomitant increase in the percentage of cells arrested at G2/M phase, which is consistent with an arrested or prolonged M-phase. This observation was confirmed by time-lapse imaging that revealed defects in late karyokinesis. In agreement with a role during late mitotic events, a direct interaction between PGRMC1 and Aurora Kinase B (AURKB) was observed in the central spindle at of dividing cells. Similarly, treatment with the PGRMC1 inhibitor AG205 or PGRMC1 silencing in the oocyte impaired completion of meiosis I. Specifically the ability of the oocyte to extrude the first polar body was significantly impaired while meiotic figures aberration and chromatin scattering within the ooplasm increased. Finally, analysis of PGRMC1 and AURKB localization in AG205-treated oocytes confirmed an altered localization of both proteins when meiotic errors occur. The present findings demonstrate that PGRMC1 participates in late events of both mammalian mitosis and oocyte meiosis, consistent with PGRMC1's localization at the mid-zone and mid-body of the mitotic and meiotic spindle.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Terzaghi
- a Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health , Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - I Tessaro
- a Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health , Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - F Raucci
- a Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health , Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - V Merico
- b Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - G Mazzini
- c Istituto di Genetica Molecolare - Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Pavia , Italy
| | - S Garagna
- b Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie "Lazzaro Spallanzani," University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy
| | - M Zuccotti
- d Sezione di Anatomia, Istologia ed Embriologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche , Biotecnologiche e Traslazionali (S.Bi.Bi.T.), University of Parma , Italy
| | - F Franciosi
- a Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health , Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - V Lodde
- a Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Health , Animal Science and Food Safety, University of Milan , Milan , Italy
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19
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Kowalik MK, Martyniak M, Rekawiecki R, Kotwica J. Expression and immunolocalization of membrane progesterone receptors in the bovine oviduct. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2016; 55:83-96. [PMID: 26774557 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The oviduct plays a crucial role in the transport and maturation of gametes and ensures suitable conditions for fertility and early embryo development. One regulator of oviduct function is progesterone (P4), which affects the cell by interacting with nuclear progesterone receptors (PGRs) and through nongenomic mechanisms, presumably involving membrane PGRs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of messenger RNAS (mRNAs) and proteins for progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2 and membrane progestin receptors (mPR) α, β, and γ and to use immunohistochemistry to demonstrate their cell-specific localization in the bovine oviduct. Oviducts ipsilateral and contralateral to the corpus luteum or to the dominant follicle were collected from cows on days 6 to 12 (midluteal stage) and 18 to 20 (follicular stage) of the estrous cycle and divided into 3 parts (infundibulum, ampulla, and isthmus). There were no differences (P > 0.05) in the PGRMC1, PGRMC2, mPRα, β, and γ mRNA expression between ipsi- and contralateral oviducts. However, the same parts of the oviduct collected during the different stages of the estrous cycle showed higher (P < 0.05) mRNA levels of PGRMC1, PGRMC2, and mPRα on days 18 to 20 than on days 6 to 12 of the estrous cycle. mPRα and mPRβ mRNA levels were higher (P < 0.05) in the infundibulum than in the isthmus, whereas PGRMC1 expression was higher (P < 0.05) in the infundibulum than in ampulla. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PGRMC1, PGRMC2, PRα, β, and γ proteins in all parts of both oviducts from days 6 to 12 and 18 to 20 of the estrous cycle. There were no differences in the staining intensity and cellular localization of the studied proteins between the ipsi- and contralateral oviducts and between the studied stages of the estrous cycle. A strong positive reaction was observed in luminal cells, but this reaction was less evident in myocytes and stromal cells. All proteins were also localized to the endothelial cells of blood vessels. These results suggest that membrane progesterone receptors, may be involved in the regulation of oviduct motility, secretory function, and blood flow in this organ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M K Kowalik
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn 10-748, Poland.
| | - M Martyniak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn 10-748, Poland
| | - R Rekawiecki
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn 10-748, Poland
| | - J Kotwica
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn 10-748, Poland
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20
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Kowalik MK, Rekawiecki R, Kotwica J. Expression and localization of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 and 2 and serpine mRNA binding protein 1 in the bovine corpus luteum during the estrous cycle and the first trimester of pregnancy. Theriogenology 2014; 82:1086-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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21
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Friel AM, Zhang L, Pru CA, Clark NC, McCallum ML, Blok LJ, Shioda T, Peluso JJ, Rueda BR, Pru JK. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 deficiency attenuates growth while promoting chemosensitivity of human endometrial xenograft tumors. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:434-42. [PMID: 25304370 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer is the leading gynecologic cancer in women in the United States with 52,630 women predicted to be diagnosed with the disease in 2014. The objective of this study was to determine if progesterone (P4) receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) influenced endometrial cancer cell viability in response to chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo. A lentiviral-based shRNA knockdown approach was used to generate stable PGRMC1-intact and PGRMC1-deplete Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell lines that also lacked expression of the classical progesterone receptor (PGR). Progesterone treatment inhibited mitosis of PGRMC1-intact, but not PGRMC1-deplete cells, suggesting that PGRMC1 mediates the anti-mitotic actions of P4. To test the hypothesis that PGRMC1 attenuates chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, PGRMC1-intact and PGRMC1-deplete cells were treated in vitro with vehicle, P4 (1 µM), doxorubicin (Dox, 2 µg/ml), or P4 + Dox for 48 h. Doxorubicin treatment of PGRMC1-intact cells resulted in a significant increase in cell death; however, co-treatment with P4 significantly attenuated Dox-induced cell death. This response to P4 was lost in PGRMC1-deplete cells. To extend these observations in vivo, a xenograft model was employed where PGRMC1-intact and PGRMC1-deplete endometrial tumors were generated following subcutaneous and intraperitoneal inoculation of immunocompromised NOD/SCID and nude mice, respectively. Tumors derived from PGRMC1-deplete cells grew slower than tumors from PGRMC1-intact cells. Mice harboring endometrial tumors were then given three treatments of vehicle (1:1 cremophor EL: ethanol + 0.9% saline) or chemotherapy [Paclitaxel (15 mg/kg, i.p.) followed after an interval of 30 minutes by CARBOplatin (50 mg/kg)] at five day intervals. In response to chemotherapy, tumor volume decreased approximately four-fold more in PGRMC1-deplete tumors when compared with PGRMC1-intact control tumors, suggesting that PGRMC1 promotes tumor cell viability during chemotherapeutic stress. In sum, these in vitro and in vivo findings demonstrate that PGRMC1 plays a prominent role in the growth and chemoresistance of human endometrial tumors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Endometrial Neoplasms/metabolism
- Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology
- Endometrial Neoplasms/prevention & control
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Mitosis
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, Progesterone/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Friel
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ling Zhang
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Cindy A Pru
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Nicole C Clark
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Melissa L McCallum
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Leen J Blok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Josephine Nefkens Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Toshi Shioda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - John J Peluso
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - James K Pru
- Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA; School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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22
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Akison LK, Boden MJ, Kennaway DJ, Russell DL, Robker RL. Progesterone receptor-dependent regulation of genes in the oviducts of female mice. Physiol Genomics 2014; 46:583-92. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00044.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oviducts play a critical role in gamete and embryo transport, as well as supporting early embryo development. Progesterone receptor (PGR) is a transcription factor highly expressed in oviductal cells, while its activating ligand, progesterone, surges to peak levels as ovulation approaches. Progesterone is known to regulate oviduct cilia beating and muscular contractions in vitro, but how PGR may mediate this in vivo is poorly understood. We used PGR null mice to identify genes potentially regulated by PGR in the oviducts during the periovulatory period. Histologically, oviducts from PGR null mice showed no gross structural or morphological defects compared with normal littermates. However, microarray analysis of oviducts at 8 h posthuman chorionic gonadotropin revealed >1,000 PGR-dependent genes. Using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) we selected 10 genes for validation based on their potential roles in oocyte/embryo transport and support. Eight genes were confirmed to be downregulated ( Adamts1, Itga8, Edn3, Prlr, Ptgfr, Des, Myocd, and Actg2) and one upregulated ( Agtr2) in PGR null oviducts. Expression of these genes was also assessed in oviducts of naturally cycling mice during ovulation and day 1 and day 4 of pregnancy. Adamts1, Itga8, Edn3, Prlr, and Ptgfr were significantly upregulated in oviducts at ovulation/mating. However, most genes showed basal levels of expression at other times. The exceptions were Prlr and Ptgfr, which showed pulsatile increases on day 1 and/or day 4 of pregnancy. This is the first, comprehensive study to elucidate putative PGR-regulated genes in the oviduct and reveals key downstream targets potentially mediating oocyte and embryo transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Akison
- The Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics & Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael J. Boden
- The Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics & Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David J. Kennaway
- The Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics & Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Darryl L. Russell
- The Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics & Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca L. Robker
- The Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics & Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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23
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Lan R, Liu F, He Z, Chen C, Liu S, Shi Y, Liu Y, Yoshimura Y, Zhang M. Immunolocalization of GnRHRI, gonadotropin receptors, PGR, and PGRMCI during follicular development in the rabbit ovary. Theriogenology 2014; 81:1139-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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24
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Tahir MZ, Reynaud K, Grimard B, Thoumire S, Chastant-Maillard S, Saint-Dizier M. Expression of nuclear and membrane progesterone receptors in the canine oviduct during the periovulatory period. Reprod Fertil Dev 2014; 25:1065-76. [PMID: 23140560 DOI: 10.1071/rd12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 09/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Important reproductive events take place in the canine oviduct in the presence of increasing concentrations of progesterone (P4). To investigate the potential effects of P4 on the canine oviduct, the expression of nuclear (PR) and membrane (PGRMC1 and 2, mPRα, β and γ) P4 receptors was studied by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Oviducts were collected from Beagle bitches after the onset of pro-oestrus and before the LH peak (Pre-LH), after the LH peak and before ovulation (Pre-ov) and on Days 1, 4 and 7 post-ovulation (n=6 bitches/stage). PR mRNA concentrations decreased from Pre-LH to Day 7 in the ampulla and isthmus, whereas both PGRMC1 and 2 mRNA levels increased over the same period. The main change in mPR expression was an increase in mPRβ and γ mRNAs at Day 7 in the isthmus. Furthermore, PR proteins were expressed in the nuclei of luminal epithelial, stromal and muscular cells, whereas the expression of PGRMCs and mPRs was primarily cytoplasmic and localised in the luminal epithelium. The immunostaining for PR decreased at Day 4 in the stroma and muscle, whereas it remained strong in the epithelium from Pre-LH to Day 7. PGRMC1 staining was strong at Days 4 and 7 whereas PGRMC2 was highly expressed from Pre-ov to Day 7. The most intense immunostaining signals for all three mPRs were observed at Day 7. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that P4 is an important regulator of oviductal functions in the bitch through complementary classical and non-classical P4 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Z Tahir
- INRA, UMR1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78350 Jouy en Josas, France
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Pellicciari C. Histochemistry as an irreplaceable approach for investigating functional cytology and histology. Eur J Histochem 2013; 57:e41. [PMID: 24441194 PMCID: PMC3896043 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2013.e41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In agreement with the evolution of histochemistry over the last fifty years and thanks to the impressive advancements in microscopy sciences, the application of cytochemical techniques to light and electron microscopy is more and more addressed to elucidate the functional characteristics of cells and tissue under different physiological, pathological or experimental conditions. Simultaneously, the mere description of composition and morphological features has become increasingly sporadic in the histochemical literature. Since basic research on cell functional organization is essential for understanding the mechanisms responsible for major biological processes such as differentiation or growth control in normal and tumor tissues, histochemical Journals will continue to play a pivotal role in the field of cell and tissue biology in all its structural and functional aspects.
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Pru JK, Clark NC. PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 in uterine physiology and disease. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:168. [PMID: 24065879 PMCID: PMC3776937 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is clear from studies using progesterone receptor (PGR) mutant mice that not all of the actions of progesterone (P4) are mediated by this receptor. Indeed, many rapid, non-classical P4 actions have been reported throughout the female reproductive tract. Progesterone treatment of Pgr null mice results in behavioral changes and in differential regulation of genes in the endometrium. Progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and PGRMC2 belong to the heme-binding protein family and may serve as P4 receptors. Evidence to support this derives chiefly from in vitro culture work using primary or transformed cell lines that lack the classical PGR. Endometrial expression of PGRMC1 in menstrual cycling mammals is most abundant during the proliferative phase of the cycle. Because PGRMC2 expression shows the most consistent cross-species expression, with highest levels during the secretory phase, PGRMC2 may serve as a universal non-classical P4 receptor in the uterus. While the functional importance of PGRMC1/2 in the uterus remains to be fully explored, accumulating evidence suggests that disruption in PGRMC1/2 expression correlates with uterine disease. In this review we will summarize what is known about PGRMC1/2 in uterine physiology and we will provide examples of disrupted expression of these genes in uterine disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- James K Pru
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University Pullman, WA, USA
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Kowalik MK, Rekawiecki R, Kotwica J. The putative roles of nuclear and membrane-bound progesterone receptors in the female reproductive tract. Reprod Biol 2013; 13:279-89. [PMID: 24287036 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone produced by the corpus luteum (CL) is a key regulator of normal cyclical reproductive functions in the females of mammalian species. The physiological effects of progesterone are mediated by the canonical genomic pathway after binding of progesterone to its specific nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR), which acts as a ligand-activated transcription factor and has two main isoforms, PGRA and PGRB. These PGR isoforms play different roles in the cell; PGRB acts as an activator of progesterone-responsive genes, while PGRA can inhibit the activity of PGRB. The ratio of these isoforms changes during the estrous cycle and pregnancy, and it corresponds to the different levels of progesterone signaling occurring in the reproductive tract. Progesterone exerts its effects on cells also by a non-genomic mechanism by the interaction with the progesterone-binding membrane proteins including the progesterone membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2, and the membrane progestin receptors (mPRs). These receptors rapidly activate the appropriate intracellular signal transduction pathways, and subsequently they can initiate specific cell responses or modulate genomic cell responses. The diversity of progesterone receptors and their cellular actions enhances the role of progesterone as a factor regulating the function of the reproductive system and other organs. This paper deals with the possible involvement of nuclear and membrane-bound progesterone receptors in the function of target cells within the female reproductive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Kowalik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Bishop CV. Progesterone inhibition of oxytocin signaling in endometrium. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:138. [PMID: 23966904 PMCID: PMC3735988 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) in the endometrium of ruminant species is regulated by the ovarian steroids progesterone (P) and estradiol (E). Near the end of the estrous cycle, long-term exposure of endometrial epithelial cells to P results in loss of genomic P receptors (PGRs), leading to an increase in E receptors (ERs). Genomic regulation of the OXTR is mediated via suppression of ER signaling by P. Upon OT binding at the plasma membrane of endometrial cells, a signaling cascade is generated stimulating release of prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α). Transport of PGF2α to the ovary results in release of OT by luteal cells in a positive feedback loop leading to luteal regression. This signaling cascade can be rapidly blocked by exposing endometrial cells to physiologic levels of P. This mini review will focus on the mechanisms by which P may act to block OXTR signaling and the luteolytic cascade in the ruminant endometrium, with special focus on both non-genomic signaling pathways and non-receptor actions of P at the level of the plasma membrane. While this review focuses on ruminant species, non-classical blockage of OXTR signaling may be important for fertility in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecily V Bishop
- Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University Beaverton, OR, USA
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29
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Peluso JJ. Progesterone receptor membrane component 1 and its role in ovarian follicle growth. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:99. [PMID: 23781168 PMCID: PMC3680780 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) is synthesized in the ovary and acts directly on granulosa cells of developing ovarian follicles to suppress their rate of mitosis and apoptosis. Granulosa cells do not express nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) but rather progesterone receptor membrane component-1 (PGRMC1). PGRMC1 binds P4 and mediates P4's actions, as evidenced by PGRMC1 siRNA studies. PGRMC1 acts by binding plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 RNA-binding protein and regulating gene expression. Specifically, PGRMC1 suppresses some genes that promote cell death (i.e., Bad, Caspase-3, Caspase-4). P4 regulates gene expression in part by inhibiting PGRMC1 binding to Tcf/Lef transcription sites, thereby reducing Tcf/Lef transcriptional activity. Since Tcf/Lef transcription sites are located within the promoters of genes that initiate mitosis and/or apoptosis (i.e., c-jun and c-myc), P4-PGRMC1 mediated suppression of these Tcf/Lef regulated genes could account for P4's actions. PGRMC1 expression is also altered in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome, premature ovarian failure and infertility. Collectively, these observations support a role for PGRMC1 in regulating human ovarian follicle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Peluso
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT, USA ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT, USA
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Kowalik MK, Slonina D, Rekawiecki R, Kotwica J. Expression of progesterone receptor membrane component (PGRMC) 1 and 2, serpine mRNA binding protein 1 (SERBP1) and nuclear progesterone receptor (PGR) in the bovine endometrium during the estrous cycle and the first trimester of pregnancy. Reprod Biol 2013; 13:15-23. [PMID: 23522067 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2013.01.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) is involved in the regulation of essential reproductive functions affecting the target cells through both nuclear progesterone receptors (PGRs) and membrane progesterone receptors. The aim of this study was to determine the mRNA and protein expression for PGRMC1, PGRMC2, SERBP1 and PGR within the bovine endometrium during the estrous cycle and the first trimester of pregnancy. There were no changes in PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 mRNA and protein expression during the estrous cycle, however, mRNA levels of PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 were increased (P<0.001) in pregnant animals. SERBP1 mRNA expression was increased (P<0.05), while the level of this protein was decreased (P<0.05) on days 11-16 of the estrous cycle. The expression of PGR mRNA was higher (P<0.01) on days 17-20 compared to days 6-10 and 11-16 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. PGR-A and PGR-B protein levels were elevated on days 1-5 and 17-20 of the estrous cycle as compared to other stages of the cycle and during pregnancy. In conclusion, our results indicate that P4 may influence endometrial cells through both genomic and nongenomic way. This mechanism may contribute to the regulation of the estrous cycle and provide protection during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena K Kowalik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
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Pellicciari C. On the future contents of a small journal of histochemistry. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e51. [PMID: 23361247 PMCID: PMC3567770 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last three years, more than 70,000 scientific articles have been published in peer reviewed journals on the application of histochemistry in the biomedical field: most of them did not appear in strictly histochemical journals, but in others dealing with cell and molecular biology, medicine or biotechnology. This proves that histochemistry is still an active and innovative discipline with relevance in basic and applied biological research, but also demonstrates that especially the small histochemical journals should likely reconsider their scopes and strategies to preserve their authorship. A review of the last three years volumes of the European Journal of Histochemistry, taken as an example of a long-time established small journal, confirmed that the published articles were widely heterogeneous in their topics and experimental models, as in this journal's tradition. This strongly suggests that a journal of histochemistry should keep its role as a forum open to an audience as broad as possible, publishing papers on cell and tissue biology in a wide variety of models. This will improve knowledge of the basic mechanisms of development and differentiation, while helping to increase the number of potential authors since scientists who generally do not use histochemistry in their research will find hints for the applications of histochemical techniques to novel still unexplored subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Pellicciari
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”,University of Pavia, Italy.
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Saint-Dizier M, Sandra O, Ployart S, Chebrout M, Constant F. Expression of nuclear progesterone receptor and progesterone receptor membrane components 1 and 2 in the oviduct of cyclic and pregnant cows during the post-ovulation period. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2012; 10:76. [PMID: 22958265 PMCID: PMC3447726 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-10-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progesterone (P4) may modulate oviductal functions to promote early embryo development in cattle. In addition to its nuclear receptor (PR), P4 may mediate its actions through P4 receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) and its relative, PGRMC2. Two successive experiments were undertaken to characterise the expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 in the bovine oviduct during the post-ovulation period, and to relate their expression to the presence of an embryo, the proximity of the CL and to the region of the oviduct. METHODS In the first experiment (Exp. I), whole oviduct sections were collected from Holstein cows at Day 1.5, Day 4 and Day 5 post-ovulation (n = 2 cows per stage). The expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 was studied in the ampulla and isthmus by RT-PCR, western-blot and immunohistochemistry. In Exp. II, oviduct epithelial cells were collected from cyclic and pregnant Charolais cows (n = 4 cows per status) at Day 3.5 post-ovulation and mRNA expression of PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 was examined in the ampulla and isthmus by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS In Exp. I, PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 were expressed in all oviduct samples. PGRMC1 was mainly localised in the luminal epithelium whereas PR and PGRMC2 were localised in the epithelium as well as in the muscle and stroma layers of the oviduct. The expression was primarily nuclear for PR, primarily cytoplasmic for PGRMC1 and both nuclear and cytoplasmic for PGRMC2. In Exp. II, mRNA levels for PR, PGRMC1 and PGRMC2 were not affected by either the pregnancy status or the side relative to the CL. However, the expression of PR and PGRMC2 varied significantly with the region of the oviduct: PR was more highly expressed in the isthmus whereas PGRMC2 was more highly expressed in the ampulla. CONCLUSIONS This is the first evidence of PGRMC2 expression in the bovine oviduct. Our findings suggest that P4 regulates the functions of the bovine oviduct in a region-specific manner and through both classical and non classical pathways during the post-ovulation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Saint-Dizier
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR 1198, 7 av. du Général-de-Gaulle, F-94704, Maisons-Alfort, France
- AgroParisTech, UFR Génétique Elevage Reproduction, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75231, Paris CEDEX 05, France
| | - Olivier Sandra
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR 1198, 7 av. du Général-de-Gaulle, F-94704, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Stéphane Ployart
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR 1198, 7 av. du Général-de-Gaulle, F-94704, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Martine Chebrout
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR 1198, 7 av. du Général-de-Gaulle, F-94704, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Fabienne Constant
- INRA, UMR 1198 Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, F-78352, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, UMR 1198, 7 av. du Général-de-Gaulle, F-94704, Maisons-Alfort, France
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33
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Akison LK, Robker RL. The Critical Roles of Progesterone Receptor (PGR) in Ovulation, Oocyte Developmental Competence and Oviductal Transport in Mammalian Reproduction. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:288-96. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02088.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Escobar Sánchez M, Echeverría Martínez O, Vázquez-Nin G. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural visualization of different routes of oocyte elimination in adult rats. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e17. [PMID: 22688298 PMCID: PMC3428966 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a process for maintaining homeostasis in tissues and organs. In the ovary, apoptotic cell death has been implicated in follicular atresia; in the elimination of the follicles that are not ovulated during adult life. Recent studies indicate that apoptosis and autophagy are two programmed processes of cell death. Apoptosis is performed by proteases called caspases and leads to such morphological traits as DNA fragmentation. Autophagy, in turn, is characterized by the exacerbated formation of autophagosomes; a process in which the amount of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins increases. In this study, oocytes from all stages of the estrous cycle of Wistar rats were analyzed. The apoptosis process was identified by immunodetecting active Caspase-3 and locating DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL technique. Autophagy was evaluated through immunodetection of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins, and by ultrastructural localization of autophagic vesicle formation. All techniques were conducted using the same oocytes. Results show that all phases of the estrous cycle contain dying oocytes that test positive simultaneously for apoptosis and autophagy markers. The highest level of apoptosis was found during estrus; while the proestrous stage had the highest level of autophagy. The diestrous and metestrous phases were characterized by a high frequency of the presence of markers of apoptosis and autophagy in the same oocyte. Our results demonstrate that during oocyte elimination in adult rats the proteins involved in both processes, apoptosis and autophagy, are present in the same cell at the same time.
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35
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Escobar Sánchez ML, Echeverría Martínez OM, Vázquez-Nin GH. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural visualization of different routes of oocyte elimination in adult rats. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e17. [PMID: 22688298 PMCID: PMC3428966 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Revised: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell death is a process for maintaining homeostasis in tissues and organs. In the ovary, apoptotic cell death has been implicated in follicular atresia; in the elimination of the follicles that are not ovulated during adult life. Recent studies indicate that apoptosis and autophagy are two programmed processes of cell death. Apoptosis is performed by proteases called caspases and leads to such morphological traits as DNA fragmentation. Autophagy, in turn, is characterized by the exacerbated formation of autophagosomes; a process in which the amount of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins increases. In this study, oocytes from all stages of the estrous cycle of Wistar rats were analyzed. The apoptosis process was identified by immunodetecting active Caspase-3 and locating DNA fragmentation using the TUNEL technique. Autophagy was evaluated through immunodetection of the LC3 and Lamp 1 proteins, and by ultrastructural localization of autophagic vesicle formation. All techniques were conducted using the same oocytes. Results show that all phases of the estrous cycle contain dying oocytes that test positive simultaneously for apoptosis and autophagy markers. The highest level of apoptosis was found during estrus; while the proestrous stage had the highest level of autophagy. The diestrous and metestrous phases were characterized by a high frequency of the presence of markers of apoptosis and autophagy in the same oocyte. Our results demonstrate that during oocyte elimination in adult rats the proteins involved in both processes, apoptosis and autophagy, are present in the same cell at the same time.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Escobar Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacán, México
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