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Yazdi MK, Alavi MS, Roohbakhsh A. The role of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in Alzheimer's disease: A review of the mechanisms. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2024; 134:423-438. [PMID: 38275217 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis is essential for central nervous system function. Consequently, factors that affect cholesterol homeostasis are linked to neurological disorders and pathologies. Among them, ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) plays a significant role in atherosclerosis. However, its role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is unclear. There is inconsistent information regarding ABCG1's role in AD. It can increase or decrease amyloid β (Aβ) levels in animals' brains. Clinical studies show that ABCG1 is involved in AD patients' impairment of cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Lower Aβ levels in the CSF are correlated with ABCG1-mediated CEC dysfunction. ABCG1 modulates α-, β-, and γ-secretase activities in the plasma membrane and may affect Aβ production in the mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane (MAM) cell compartment. Despite contradictory findings regarding ABCG1's role in AD, this review shows that ABCG1 has a role in Aβ generation via modulation of membrane secretases. It is, however, necessary to investigate the underlying mechanism(s). ABCG1 may also contribute to AD pathology through its role in apoptosis and oxidative stress. As a result, ABCG1 plays a role in AD and is a candidate for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karbasi Yazdi
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi
- Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Le HH, Hagen MW, Louey S, Tavori H, Thornburg KL, Giraud GD, Hinds MT, Barnes AP. Development of a novel Guinea Pig model producing transgenerational endothelial transcriptional changes driven by maternal food restriction and a second metabolic insult of high fat diet. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1266444. [PMID: 37942229 PMCID: PMC10628814 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1266444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental programming of chronic adverse cardiovascular health outcomes has been studied both using numerous human populations and an array of animal models. However, the mechanisms that produce transgenerational effects have been difficult to study due to a lack of developmentally relevant models. As such, how increased disease risk is carried to the second generation has been poorly studied. We hypothesized that the endothelium which mediates many acute and chronic vascular inflammatory responses is a key player in these effects, and epidemiological studies implicate transgenerational nutritional effects on endothelial health. To study the mutigenerational effects of maternal undernutrition on offspring endothelial health, we developed a model of transgenerational nutritional stress in guinea pigs, a translationally relevant precocial species with a relatively short lifespan. First- and second-generation offspring were subjected to a high fat diet in adolescence to exacerbate negative cardiovascular health. To assess transcriptional changes, we performed bulk RNA-sequencing in carotid artery endothelial cells, with groups stratified as prenatal control or food restricted, and postnatal control or high fat diet. We detected statistically significant gene alterations for each dietary permutation, some of which were unique to treatments and other transcriptional signatures shared by multiple or all conditions. These findings highlight a core group of genes altered by high fat diet that is shared by all cohorts and a divergence of transgenerational effects between the prenatal ad libitum and dietary restriction groups. This study establishes the groundwork for this model to be used to better understand the interplay of prenatal stress and genetic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary H. Le
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Matthew W. Hagen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Samantha Louey
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Hagai Tavori
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kent L. Thornburg
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - George D. Giraud
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Monica T. Hinds
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Center for Developmental Health, Portland, OR, United States
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3
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Moore JM, Bell EL, Hughes RO, Garfield AS. ABC transporters: human disease and pharmacotherapeutic potential. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:152-172. [PMID: 36503994 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are a 48-member superfamily of membrane proteins that actively transport a variety of biological substrates across lipid membranes. Their functional diversity defines an expansive involvement in myriad aspects of human biology. At least 21 ABC transporters underlie rare monogenic disorders, with even more implicated in the predisposition to and symptomology of common and complex diseases. Such broad (patho)physiological relevance places this class of proteins at the intersection of disease causation and therapeutic potential, underlining them as promising targets for drug discovery, as exemplified by the transformative CFTR (ABCC7) modulator therapies for cystic fibrosis. This review will explore the growing relevance of ABC transporters to human disease and their potential as small-molecule drug targets.
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4
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Esobi I, Olanrewaju O, Echesabal-Chen J, Stamatikos A. Utilizing the LoxP-Stop-LoxP System to Control Transgenic ABC-Transporter Expression In Vitro. Biomolecules 2022; 12:679. [PMID: 35625607 PMCID: PMC9138957 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
ABCA1 and ABCG1 are two ABC-transporters well-recognized to promote the efflux of cholesterol to apoAI and HDL, respectively. As these two ABC-transporters are critical to cholesterol metabolism, several studies have assessed the impact of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression on cellular cholesterol homeostasis through ABC-transporter ablation or overexpressing ABCA1/ABCG1. However, for the latter, there are currently no well-established in vitro models to effectively induce long-term ABC-transporter expression in a variety of cultured cells. Therefore, we performed proof-of-principle in vitro studies to determine whether a LoxP-Stop-LoxP (LSL) system would provide Cre-inducible ABC-transporter expression. In our studies, we transfected HEK293 cells and the HEK293-derived cell line 293-Cre cells with ABCA1-LSL and ABCG1-LSL-based plasmids. Our results showed that while the ABCA1/ABCG1 protein expression was absent in the transfected HEK293 cells, the ABCA1 and ABCG1 protein expression was detected in the 293-Cre cells transfected with ABCA1-LSL and ABCG1-LSL, respectively. When we measured cholesterol efflux in transfected 293-Cre cells, we observed an enhanced apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux in 293-Cre cells overexpressing ABCA1, and an HDL2-mediated cholesterol efflux in 293-Cre cells constitutively expressing ABCG1. We also observed an appreciable increase in HDL3-mediated cholesterol efflux in ABCA1-overexpressing 293-Cre cells, which suggests that ABCA1 is capable of effluxing cholesterol to small HDL particles. Our proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate that the LSL-system can be used to effectively regulate ABC-transporter expression in vitro, which, in turn, allows ABCA1/ABCG1-overexpression to be extensively studied at the cellular level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alexis Stamatikos
- Department of Food, Nutrition, and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; (I.E.); (O.O.); (J.E.-C.)
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5
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Hou Y, Zhang X, Sun X, Qin Q, Chen D, Jia M, Chen Y. Genetically modified rabbit models for cardiovascular medicine. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 922:174890. [PMID: 35300995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Genetically modified (GM) rabbits are outstanding animal models for studying human genetic and acquired diseases. As such, GM rabbits that express human genes have been extensively used as models of cardiovascular disease. Rabbits are genetically modified via prokaryotic microinjection. Through this process, genes are randomly integrated into the rabbit genome. Moreover, gene targeting in embryonic stem (ES) cells is a powerful tool for understanding gene function. However, rabbits lack stable ES cell lines. Therefore, ES-dependent gene targeting is not possible in rabbits. Nevertheless, the RNA interference technique is rapidly becoming a useful experimental tool that enables researchers to knock down specific gene expression, which leads to the genetic modification of rabbits. Recently, with the emergence of new genetic technology, such as zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), and CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9), major breakthroughs have been made in rabbit gene targeting. Using these novel genetic techniques, researchers have successfully modified knockout (KO) rabbit models. In this paper, we aimed to review the recent advances in GM technology in rabbits and highlight their application as models for cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hou
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Xia Sun
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Qiaohong Qin
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Di Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China; School of Basic and Medical Sciences, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Min Jia
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China.
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6
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Matsuo M. ABCA1 and ABCG1 as potential therapeutic targets for the prevention of atherosclerosis. J Pharmacol Sci 2022; 148:197-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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Kotlyarov S. Diversity of Lipid Function in Atherogenesis: A Focus on Endothelial Mechanobiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11545. [PMID: 34768974 PMCID: PMC8584259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is one of the most important problems in modern medicine. Its high prevalence and social significance determine the need for a better understanding of the mechanisms of the disease's development and progression. Lipid metabolism and its disorders are one of the key links in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Lipids are involved in many processes, including those related to the mechanoreception of endothelial cells. The multifaceted role of lipids in endothelial mechanobiology and mechanisms of atherogenesis are discussed in this review. Endothelium is involved in ensuring adequate vascular hemodynamics, and changes in blood flow characteristics are detected by endothelial cells and affect their structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav Kotlyarov
- Department of Nursing, Ryazan State Medical University, 390026 Ryazan, Russia
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8
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He J, Cui Z, Zhu Y. The role of caveolae in endothelial dysfunction. MEDICAL REVIEW (BERLIN, GERMANY) 2021; 1:78-91. [PMID: 37724072 PMCID: PMC10388784 DOI: 10.1515/mr-2021-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Caveolae, the specialized cell-surface plasma membrane invaginations which are abundant in endothelial cells, play critical roles in regulating various cellular processes, including cholesterol homeostasis, nitric oxide production, and signal transduction. Endothelial caveolae serve as a membrane platform for compartmentalization, modulation, and integration of signal events associated with endothelial nitric oxide synthase, ATP synthase β, and integrins, which are involved in the regulation of endothelial dysfunction and related cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Furthermore, these dynamic microdomains on cell membrane are modulated by various extracellular stimuli, including cholesterol and flow shear stress. In this brief review, we summarize the critical roles of caveolae in the orchestration of endothelial function based on recent findings as well as our work over the past two decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin300070, China
| | - Zhen Cui
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin300070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics and Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin300070, China
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9
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Muramatsu D, Uchiyama H, Kida H, Iwai A. In vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-lipid accumulation properties of taxifolin-rich extract from the Japanese larch, Larix kaempferi. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05505. [PMID: 33336091 PMCID: PMC7734230 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The Japanese larch, (Larix kaempferi) is known to contain abundant taxifolin (dihydroquercetin) in its xylem. In this study, to assess the bioactivities of taxifolin rich methanol extract of L. kaempferi (LK-ME), anti-inflammatory effect, and the anti-lipid accumulation effect of LK-ME were investigated. The results showed that nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were reduced after treatment with LK-ME, and that lipid accumulation in adipocyte differentiated 3T3-L1 cells was inhibited after the cells were grown in medium containing LK-ME. Taxifolin, the major compound contained in LK-ME, and its related compounds, quercetin and luteolin also exhibited similar effects with LK-ME. The LK-ME exhibits relatively strong anti-inflammatory and anti-lipid accumulation activities compared with that of similar amounts of taxifolin contained in LK-ME, suggesting that other minor compounds contained in LK-ME is involved in the effects. These results indicate the potential of taxifolin-rich L. kaempferi extract for use as a supplement to prevent excess inflammation and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Muramatsu
- Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021 Japan.,Aureo Co., Ltd., 54-1 Kazusakoito, Kimitsu, Chiba, 292-1149 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Uchiyama
- Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021 Japan.,Aureo Co., Ltd., 54-1 Kazusakoito, Kimitsu, Chiba, 292-1149 Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control, North 20, West 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwai
- Aureo Science Co., Ltd., Hokudai Business Spring, North 21, West 12, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 001-0021 Japan.,Aureo Co., Ltd., 54-1 Kazusakoito, Kimitsu, Chiba, 292-1149 Japan
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10
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Castaño D, Rattanasopa C, Monteiro-Cardoso VF, Corlianò M, Liu Y, Zhong S, Rusu M, Liehn EA, Singaraja RR. Lipid efflux mechanisms, relation to disease and potential therapeutic aspects. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 159:54-93. [PMID: 32423566 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipids are hydrophobic and amphiphilic molecules involved in diverse functions such as membrane structure, energy metabolism, immunity, and signaling. However, altered intra-cellular lipid levels or composition can lead to metabolic and inflammatory dysfunction, as well as lipotoxicity. Thus, intra-cellular lipid homeostasis is tightly regulated by multiple mechanisms. Since most peripheral cells do not catabolize cholesterol, efflux (extra-cellular transport) of cholesterol is vital for lipid homeostasis. Defective efflux contributes to atherosclerotic plaque development, impaired β-cell insulin secretion, and neuropathology. Of these, defective lipid efflux in macrophages in the arterial walls leading to foam cell and atherosclerotic plaque formation has been the most well studied, likely because a leading global cause of death is cardiovascular disease. Circulating high density lipoprotein particles play critical roles as acceptors of effluxed cellular lipids, suggesting their importance in disease etiology. We review here mechanisms and pathways that modulate lipid efflux, the role of lipid efflux in disease etiology, and therapeutic options aimed at modulating this critical process.
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11
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Cederström S, Lundman P, Folkersen L, Paulsson-Berne G, Karadimou G, Eriksson P, Caidahl K, Gabrielsen A, Jernberg T, Persson J, Tornvall P. New candidate genes for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. J Intern Med 2020; 287:66-77. [PMID: 31589004 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite extensive research in atherosclerosis, the mechanisms of coronary atherothrombosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients are undetermined. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to find candidate genes involved in STEMI by analysing leucocyte gene expression in STEMI patients, without the influence of secondary inflammation from innate immunity, which was assumed to be a consequence rather than the cause of coronary atherothrombosis. METHODS Fifty-one patients were included at coronary angiography because of STEMI. Arterial blood was sampled in the acute phase (P1), at 24-48 h (P2) and at 3 months (P3). Leucocyte RNA was isolated and gene expression analysis was performed by Affymetrix Human Transcriptome Array 2.0. By omission of up- or downregulated genes at P2, secondary changes from innate immunity were excluded. Genes differentially expressed in P1 when compared to the convalescent sample in P3 were determined as genes involved in STEMI. RESULTS Three genes were upregulated at P1 compared to P3; ABCG1 (P = 5.81 × 10-5 ), RAB20 (P = 3.69 × 10-5 ) and TMEM2 (P = 7.75 × 10-6 ) whilst four were downregulated; ACVR1 (P = 9.01 × 10-5 ), NFATC2IP (P = 8.86 × 10-5 ), SUN1 (P = 3.87 × 10-5 ) and TTC9C (P = 7.18 × 10-6 ). These genes were also highly expressed in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. CONCLUSIONS We found seven genes involved in STEMI. The study is unique regarding the blood sampling in the acute phase and omission of secondary expressed genes from innate immunity. However, the results need to be replicated by future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cederström
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital (KI DS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Lundman
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital (KI DS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Folkersen
- Sankt Hans Hospital, Capital Region Hospitals, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - G Paulsson-Berne
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Karadimou
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Eriksson
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Caidahl
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A Gabrielsen
- Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Jernberg
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital (KI DS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Persson
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital (KI DS), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Tornvall
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset (KI SÖS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Liao S, Zhou Q, Zhang Y. Elastic aortic wrap reduced aortic stiffness by partially alleviating the impairment of cholesterol efflux capacity in pigs. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2019; 17:101-109. [PMID: 30918842 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-018-0345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Metabolic syndrome patients exhibit impaired cholesterol efflux capacity. Previous studies have shown a positive association between aortic stiffness and metabolic syndrome. However, it is unknown whether cholesterol efflux capacity participates in the process of aortic stiffness. This study sought to determine the effect of metabolic syndrome on aortic stiffening, and to investigate the effectiveness of aortic wraps on aortic compliance and the underlying mechanisms. Methods In a swine model of metabolic syndrome, we compared the cholesterol efflux capacity and aortic compliance responding to diet modifications and aortic wrap applications. Results Metabolic syndrome induced by high cholesterol diet significantly decreased cholesterol efflux capacity and aortic compliance. Elastic aortic wrap application increased aortic compliance and partially restored cholesterol efflux capacity via ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) pathway. Conclusions Cholesterol efflux plays a role in aortic stiffening. Elastic aortic wrap application could be a potential treatment for aortic stiffness related to metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shutan Liao
- 1Rural Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW Australia.,2The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- 3Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 53 Taohua Road, Nanchang, 330008 Jiangxi China
| | - Yang Zhang
- 3Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 53 Taohua Road, Nanchang, 330008 Jiangxi China
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13
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Yu XH, Zhang DW, Zheng XL, Tang CK. Cholesterol transport system: An integrated cholesterol transport model involved in atherosclerosis. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 73:65-91. [PMID: 30528667 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the pathological basis of most cardiovascular disease (CVD), is closely associated with cholesterol accumulation in the arterial intima. Excessive cholesterol is removed by the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, representing a major antiatherogenic mechanism. In addition to the RCT, other pathways are required for maintaining the whole-body cholesterol homeostasis. Thus, we propose a working model of integrated cholesterol transport, termed the cholesterol transport system (CTS), to describe body cholesterol metabolism. The novel model not only involves the classical view of RCT but also contains other steps, such as cholesterol absorption in the small intestine, low-density lipoprotein uptake by the liver, and transintestinal cholesterol excretion. Extensive studies have shown that dysfunctional CTS is one of the major causes for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis. Currently, several drugs are available to improve the CTS efficiently. There are also several therapeutic approaches that have entered into clinical trials and shown considerable promise for decreasing the risk of CVD. In recent years, a variety of novel findings reveal the molecular mechanisms for the CTS and its role in the development of atherosclerosis, thereby providing novel insights into the understanding of whole-body cholesterol transport and metabolism. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in this area with an emphasis on the therapeutic potential of targeting the CTS in CVD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Yu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Da-Wei Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Group on the Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xi-Long Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Health Sciences Center, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Chao-Ke Tang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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14
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Cholesterol Efflux: Does It Contribute to Aortic Stiffening? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5020023. [PMID: 29724005 PMCID: PMC6023341 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stiffness during cardiac contraction is defined by the rigidity of the aorta and the elastic resistance to deformation. Recent studies suggest that aortic stiffness may be associated with changes in cholesterol efflux in endothelial cells. This alteration in cholesterol efflux may directly affect endothelial function, extracellular matrix composition, and vascular smooth muscle cell function and behavior. These pathological changes favor an aortic stiffness phenotype. Among all of the proteins participating in the cholesterol efflux process, ATP binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) appears to be the main contributor to arterial stiffness changes in terms of structural and cellular function. ABCA1 is also associated with vascular inflammation mediators implicated in aortic stiffness. The goal of this mini review is to provide a conceptual hypothesis of the recent advancements in the understanding of ABCA1 in cholesterol efflux and its role and association in the development of aortic stiffness, with a particular emphasis on the potential mechanisms and pathways involved.
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Critical Role of the Human ATP-Binding Cassette G1 Transporter in Cardiometabolic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091892. [PMID: 28869506 PMCID: PMC5618541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-binding cassette G1 (ABCG1) is a member of the large family of ABC transporters which are involved in the active transport of many amphiphilic and lipophilic molecules including lipids, drugs or endogenous metabolites. It is now well established that ABCG1 promotes the export of lipids, including cholesterol, phospholipids, sphingomyelin and oxysterols, and plays a key role in the maintenance of tissue lipid homeostasis. Although ABCG1 was initially proposed to mediate cholesterol efflux from macrophages and then to protect against atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), it becomes now clear that ABCG1 exerts a larger spectrum of actions which are of major importance in cardiometabolic diseases (CMD). Beyond a role in cellular lipid homeostasis, ABCG1 equally participates to glucose and lipid metabolism by controlling the secretion and activity of insulin and lipoprotein lipase. Moreover, there is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that modulation of ABCG1 expression might contribute to the development of diabetes and obesity, which are major risk factors of CVD. In order to provide the current understanding of the action of ABCG1 in CMD, we here reviewed major findings obtained from studies in mice together with data from the genetic and epigenetic analysis of ABCG1 in the context of CMD.
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Ren L, Wang P, Wang Z, Liu Y, Lv S. Hypotonic contrast media is more toxic than isotonic contrast media on endothelial cells in vivo and in vitro. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4334-4340. [PMID: 28731176 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of hypotonic (iopamidol) and isotonic (iodixanol) contract media (CMs) in vitro and in vivo. A total of 60 Wistar rats were included and were randomly divided into three groups (20 rats per group). Iodixanol (4 g iodine/kg), iopamidol (4 g iodine/kg) or equal volume of normal saline was injected via tail vein. HUVEC and H5V cell viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit‑8 agents. Western blotting was performed to detect ATP‑binding cassette subfamily G member 1 (ABCG1) expression. For histological analysis, hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed. Plasma endothelin, von Willebrand factor, tissue type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor, D‑Dimer, fibrinogen, anti‑thrombin III, plasminogen and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) were measured by using ELISA. Both iopamidol and iodixanol treatments deceased cell viability and increased apoptosis of HUVEC and H5V cells, along with downregulated NOS and ABCG1. The injection of iopamidol or iodixanol into rats changed the endothelium‑related plasma levels of biomarkers, including endothelin, von Willebrand factor, tissue type plasminogen activator, plasminogen activator inhibitor, D‑Dimer, fibrinogen and anti‑thrombin III. However, endothelia isolated from rat abdominal aorta in the iodixanol group retained their normal structure, whereas endothelial structure in the iopamidol group was injured and disrupted. The findings in the present study suggested that both hypotonic and isotonic CMs may lead to endothelial dysfunction and thrombin and fibrinolytic system disorder. However, hypotonic CMs may be more toxic than isotonic CMs. Therefore, additional cautions should be taken when selecting hypotonic CMs and their dosages during cardioangiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Zuoyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, P.R. China
| | - Shuzheng Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Endothelial ATP-binding cassette G1 in mouse endothelium protects against hemodynamic-induced atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 477:247-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Baumgartner C, Brandl J, Münch G, Ungerer M. Rabbit models to study atherosclerosis and its complications – Transgenic vascular protein expression in vivo. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 121:131-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Association of ATP-Binding Cassette Transporter G1 Polymorphisms with Risk of Ischemic Stroke in the Chinese Han Population. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2015; 24:1397-404. [PMID: 25890853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1), a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters, is involved in the transport of cholesterol and phospholipids in macrophages. As such, ABCG1 plays a crucial role in the development of atherosclerosis in humans. In this study, we investigate the association between ABCG1 polymorphisms and the risk of developing ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population. METHODS This case-control study included 389 ischemic stroke patients and 380 healthy subjects. ABCG1 rs1378577 and rs57137919 polymorphisms were analyzed by a polymerase chain reaction-ligation detection reaction. RESULTS We found that the genotypic distribution and allelic frequency of these polymorphisms were similar in patients and controls. In a subgroup with hypertriglyceridemia (144 patients and 115 controls), the frequency of rs1378577 GG genotype and G allele as well as rs57137919 AA genotype was lower in the patient group compared with that in the control group (P = .018, P = .035, and P = .023, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed a reduced risk of ischemic stroke in a recessive model for both rs1378577 and rs57137919. Subtype analyses demonstrated that rs1378577 TG and GG genotypes and the G allele were associated with reduced risk of atherothrombotic stroke (P = .030, P = .006, and P = .004, respectively), even after adjusting for confounding factors in a dominant model. CONCLUSIONS Data from the present study demonstrate that ABCG1 polymorphisms are associated with reduced risk of developing ischemic stroke in hypertriglyceridemic population and atherothrombotic stroke in this cohort of Chinese Han population.
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Yin K, Agrawal DK. High-density lipoprotein: a novel target for antirestenosis therapy. Clin Transl Sci 2014; 7:500-11. [PMID: 25043950 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Restenosis is an integral pathological process central to the recurrent vessel narrowing after interventional procedures. Although the mechanisms for restenosis are diverse in different pathological conditions, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and myofibroblasts transition have been thought to play crucial role in the development of restenosis. Indeed, there is an inverse relationship between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). However, relatively studies on the direct assessment of HDL effect on restenosis are limited. In addition to involvement in the cholesterol reverse transport, many vascular protective effects of HDL, including protection of endothelium, antiinflammation, antithrombus actions, inhibition of SMC proliferation, and regulation by adventitial effects may contribute to the inhibition of restenosis, though the exact relationships between HDL and restenosis remain to be elucidated. This review summarizes the vascular protective effects of HDL, emphasizing the potential role of HDL in intimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling, which may provide novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for antirestenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yin
- Center for Clinical & Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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