1
|
Bhatt G, Goel S, Yadav SK, Patial A, Medhi B, Grover S, Attri S, Kaur R, Singh G, Gill SS. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a culture and disease-specific, patient-centric multi-component tobacco cessation intervention package for the patients attending non-communicable disease clinics in Punjab, India. Psychol Health 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38619313 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2024.2333896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developing an infrastructure to support tobacco cessation through existing systems and resources is crucial for ensuring the greatest possible access to cessation services. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed multi-component cessation among tobacco users in Non- Communicable Disease (NCD) clinics, functioning under the National Programme for Prevention & Control of Cancer, Diabetes, Cardiovascular Diseases, & Stroke (NPCDCS) of the Government of India. METHODS The intervention package consisting of culture- and disease-specific four face-to-face counselling sessions, pamphlets, and short text messages (bilingual) with follow-ups at 3rd, 6th, and 9th months with an endline assessment at 12th months was delivered to the intervention arm of the two-arm- parallel group randomised controlled trial at two selected NCD clinics. Self-reported seven-day abstinence, frequency of use, expenditure in seven days at each follow-up, FTND score, stage of change and plasma cotinine values were assessed at baseline, follow-ups, and endline (using Liquid Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry), as applicable. RESULTS The intervention arm reported a significantly more reduction in self-reported frequency of tobacco use at 6 months (mean: 13.6, 95% CI (7.8-19.4)), 9 months (mean: 20.3, 95% CI (12.2-28.4)) and 12 months (mean: 18.7, 95% CI (8.7-28.7)). The plasma cotinine concentration at endline in the intervention arm was statistically significantly lower than the baseline concentration. CONCLUSION Strengthening existing health systems is crucial for offering cessation support in the resource-restraint setting of LMICs to assist in quitting sustainably.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Bhatt
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sonu Goel
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Education & Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Faculty of Human & Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Subodh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Ajay Patial
- Pediatric Biochemistry, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Bikash Medhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Savita Attri
- Pediatric Biochemistry, Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Rajbir Kaur
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Gurmandeep Singh
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Punjab, National Health Mission, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sandeep Singh Gill
- Department of Health & Family Welfare, Government of Punjab, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhandari Y, Kishore J, Yadav A. Tobacco use and dependence among adults residing in an urbanized village, Delhi, India. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:477-485. [PMID: 38605801 PMCID: PMC11006084 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_264_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tobacco use is one of the most significant public health concerns globally as it is a risk factor for chronic illnesses. GATS-2 concluded that 28.6% of all adults currently use Tobacco in India and 17.8% in Delhi. It is important to conduct such surveys in local areas to make specific and effective action plans. Materials and Methods Community-based cross-sectional study conducted between January 2020-June 2021 in Aliganj, an urbanized village in South Delhi. Four hundred ninety participants were enrolled using simple random sampling. The first author conducted the interview using GATS and Fagerstrom nicotine dependence test. Data was analyzed using SPSS-21. Results Median age-35 (26.75-75.00), range-15-84 years. Of the 490 participants, 20.0% were current tobacco users (10.6% smokeless, 7.3% smoked, and 2.2% both). Among current smokers, 78.3% had low, 17.4% moderate, and 4.3% had high dependence on nicotine dependence. Among current smokeless tobacco users, 52.4% had, low, 36.5% moderate, and 11.1% had high dependence. Males had significantly higher odds [6.6 (2.9-15.1)] of tobacco use than females. Higher education [0.3 (0.2-0.8)] compared to no formal education had significantly lower odds of using tobacco. Students [0.1 (0.04-0.4)] and homemakers [0.1 (0.01-0.5)] had significantly lower odds of using tobacco as compared to those employed. Conclusions One in every five adults is a tobacco user in Aliganj. Manufactured cigarettes, bidi, and water pipes were the most common products among smokers. Among smokeless tobacco users, the most common products were chewing tobacco gutka, and khaini. A larger proportion of smokeless tobacco users had high nicotine dependence than smoked tobacco users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukti Bhandari
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jugal Kishore
- Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Abhilasha Yadav
- Department of Psychiatry, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
ElShahawi HH, Amin GR, Khalil SA, Morsy MH, Farwiez MG, Nawara MM. Prevalence of tobacco smoking in a sample of general secondary school students in Cairo and its correlation to other psychiatric disorders. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY, AIN SHAMS UNIVERSITY 2022; 29:87. [PMCID: PMC9558021 DOI: 10.1186/s43045-022-00252-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Tobacco smoking is considered currently a global public health concern among youth especially school students. There is a scarcity of data about the impact of this global phenomenon in Middle Eastern countries. This study assesses the prevalence of tobacco smoking, including conventional cigarettes, E-cigarettes, and water pipe and its sociodemographic and psychiatric correlates among a sample of general secondary school students in Cairo, Egypt. Results A convenient sample of 391 Egyptian general secondary students from different areas of Greater Cairo were assessed using the Socioeconomic scale, Fagerstrom Test For Nicotine Dependence, The Lebanon Water pipe Dependence Scale, questionnaire for electronic cigarette use, Barratt impulsivity scale 11, and The MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents. 12.8% (n = 50) were smokers. There is a significant relation between family history of smoking and substance use and smoking and significant relation between smoking, impulsivity, and mood symptoms. Conclusions Prevalence of tobacco smoking in Egyptian adolescents was 12.8% with significant relation between smoking and impulsivity and mood symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba Hamed ElShahawi
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Refaat Amin
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherien Ahmed Khalil
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hassan Morsy
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gamal Farwiez
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt ,grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Okasha Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University, 22, Dair Al-Malak, Abbassia, Cairo, 11657 Egypt
| | - Mayar Medhat Nawara
- grid.7269.a0000 0004 0621 1570Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|