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Aksović N, Bubanj S, Bjelica B, Kocić M, Lilić L, Zelenović M, Stanković D, Milanović F, Pajović L, Čaprić I, Milić V, Dobrescu T, Sufaru C. Sports Injuries in Basketball Players: A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:898. [PMID: 39063651 PMCID: PMC11278090 DOI: 10.3390/life14070898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The objective of this systematic review was to collect relevant data in the available contemporary studies about sports injuries of basketball players and explain differences in sports injuries relative to gender, location, sport, and position on the court; (2) Methods: The papers were searched digitally using PubMed, MEDLINE, ERIC, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases, from 1990 to 2024; (3) Results: The most frequent severe injuries for both genders are knee and ankle injuries and the most frequent forms of injury are ankle sprain and ligament strain. The most frequent injuries occur during running and after contact with the ball. Shooting guards sustain the highest injury rate followed by centers and point guards, while guards have the highest rate of adductor muscle injury; and (4) Conclusions: Studies indicate that ankle and knee injuries are prevalent among basketball players, with ankle sprains being particularly prevalent. Knee injuries are more common in female basketball players, including ACL injuries. Various factors contribute to injuries, including the biomechanics of jumping, landing, sudden changes in direction, and the physical demands placed on the body during the game.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Aksović
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia; (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Saša Bubanj
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Bojan Bjelica
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (B.B.); (M.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Miodrag Kocić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Ljubiša Lilić
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Priština–Kosovska Mitrovica, 38218 Leposavić, Serbia; (N.A.); (L.L.)
| | - Milan Zelenović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (B.B.); (M.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Dušan Stanković
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, 18000 Niš, Serbia; (M.K.); (D.S.)
| | | | - Lazar Pajović
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of East Sarajevo, 71420 Pale, Bosnia and Herzegovina; (B.B.); (M.Z.); (L.P.)
| | - Ilma Čaprić
- Department of Biomedical Science, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia; (I.Č.); (V.M.)
| | - Vladan Milić
- Department of Biomedical Science, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia; (I.Č.); (V.M.)
| | - Tatiana Dobrescu
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania;
| | - Constantin Sufaru
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Performance, Vasile Alecsandri University, 600115 Bacau, Romania;
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Kimura T, Mącznik AK, Kinoda A, Yamada Y, Muramoto Y, Katsumata Y, Sato K. Injury prevalence and associated factors among Japanese lacrosse collegiate athletes. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1360639. [PMID: 38504687 PMCID: PMC10948438 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1360639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Context Sports injuries have a substantial impact on athletes' performance and health. To reduce the risk of an injury occurring, the prevalence, localization, and severity need to be established. Objective To examine the prevalence of sports injuries in collegiate lacrosse athletes. Design Descriptive epidemiological study using online survey design. Setting Japanese universities associated with UNIVAS. Participants A total of 1,689 Japanese collegiate lacrosse athletes, 978 females and 701 males. Main outcome measures Athletes were surveyed on the injuries within the previous year, their severity, localization, and onset characteristics. The support of an athletic trainer and its association with the odds of sustaining an injury was assessed. Factors related to injuries were explored. Results One-year prevalence of injuries was 42%. Male sex, higher year at the university, and support from an athletic trainer were identified as factors related to higher odds of sustaining an injury and practicing at least 5 days per week was associated with lower odds of sustaining an injury. Conclusions Male sex athletes, and athletes at the higher year at university are especially at risk of sustaining a lacrosse injury. The aspects of training (e.g., frequency, volume) should be investigated across the athlete development process to address these findings. Further investigation is needed to determine the extent to which the support of athletic trainers affects both the frequency and severity of injuries in lacrosse athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kazuki Sato
- Institute for Integrated Sports Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
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Stojanović E, Terrence Scanlan A, Radovanović D, Jakovljević V, Faude O. A multicomponent neuromuscular warm-up program reduces lower-extremity injuries in trained basketball players: a cluster randomized controlled trial. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2023; 51:463-471. [PMID: 36208619 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2022.2133978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of a novel multicomponent neuromuscular warm-up program on lower-extremity injury incidence in basketball players competing at the regional level. METHODS A cluster randomized controlled experimental design was adopted to compare injury incidence between players exposed to the injury prevention warm-up program and those exposed to a typical warm-up program across an entire basketball season. Four teams consisting of 57 players (male: n = 42; female: n = 15) were allocated to the intervention group (age: 21.6 ± 2.5 years; height: 186.2 ± 8.8 cm; body mass: 80.0 ± 10.4 kg) and four teams consisting of 55 players (male: n = 43; female: n = 12) were allocated to the control group (age: 21.6 ± 2.6 years; height: 186.9 ± 9.1 cm; body mass: 81.5 ± 10.9 kg). The novel warm-up combined running exercises with active stretching, plyometrics, balance, strength, and agility drills. Coaching and medical staff provided details on injury incidence each week. Data analyses included the use of poisson regression analyses and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The intervention group experienced a significantly lower ankle sprain incidence rate (IRR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.98, p = 0.02) and a tendency toward a lower knee injury incidence rate (IRR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.03, 1.78, p = 0.07) compared to the control group. Considering only non-contact lower-extremity injuries of any type, the intervention group experienced a significantly lower incidence rate compared to the control group (IRR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.98, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This multi-team study demonstrated a novel multicomponent warm-up program resulted in less lower-extremity injuries, particularly ankle sprains and knee injuries, compared to a typical warm-up program in regional-level male and female basketball players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Stojanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aaron Terrence Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Australia
| | | | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oliver Faude
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Hasan LK, Shelby T, Bolia IK, Chu T, Trasolini N, Padilla FA, Levian B, Ihn H, Haratian A, Hatch GF, Petrigliano FA, Weber AE. Incidence of injuries among lacrosse athletes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PHYSICIAN SPORTSMED 2023; 51:158-165. [PMID: 34968164 DOI: 10.1080/00913847.2021.2020601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the incidence of injuries among lacrosse athletes and the differences in rates of injury by location and gender. METHODS The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were implemented to conduct this systematic review.[1] The following variables were extracted from each of the included articles: location of injury, gender of patient, and incidence of injury among study population. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using mixed-methods appraisal tool (MMAT) version 2018.[2] Estimated rates were reported as pooled proportion with 95% CI. Rates of injury were calculated as a rate per 1000 athletic exposures (AEs), defined as an athlete participating in 1 practice or competition in which he or she was exposed to the possibility of athletic injury. RESULTS This study found that the highest injury rate among lacrosse athletes was to the lower leg/ankle/foot with a rate of 0.66 injuries per 1000 AEs (95% CI, 0.51, 0.82). This injury pattern was also found to be the highest among both male and female lacrosse athletes. No statistical significance was detected when comparing rates of injury across gender, regardless of location. The injury pattern with the lowest rates of injury for female athletes being to the shoulder/clavicle and the neck for male athletes. CONCLUSION The highest rate of injury among lacrosse athletes was to the lower leg/ankle/foot. As participation in lacrosse continues to rise, there is a greater need for understanding the rate of injury and injury characteristics for physicians and trainers to provide effective care to lacrosse athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laith K Hasan
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tara Shelby
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ioanna K Bolia
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Timothy Chu
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nicholas Trasolini
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Francisco A Padilla
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brandon Levian
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hansel Ihn
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aryan Haratian
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - George F Hatch
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Frank A Petrigliano
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alexander E Weber
- Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery, USC Epstein Family Center for Sports Medicine at Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Stojanović E, Faude O, Nikić M, Scanlan AT, Radovanović D, Jakovljević V. The incidence rate of ACL injuries and ankle sprains in basketball players: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:790-813. [PMID: 36752659 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify the incidence rate of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and ankle sprains according to player sex, playing level, and exposure setting (training vs. games) in basketball players. METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect were searched. Only studies reporting the number of ACL injuries and/or ankle sprains alongside the number of athlete-exposures (training sessions and/or games) in basketball players were included. RESULTS Thirty studies (17 reporting ACL injuries and 16 reporting ankle sprains) were included in the meta-analysis. Higher (p < 0.05) ACL injury incidence rates per 1000 athlete-exposures were recorded in females (female: 0.20 95% confidence intervals [0.16-0.25]; male: 0.07 [0.05-0.08]; female-to-male ratio: 3.33 [3.10-3.57]), in players competing at higher playing levels (amateur: 0.06 [0.04-0.09]; intermediate: 0.16 [0.13-0.20]; elite: 0.25 [0.14-0.64]), and in games (games: female, 0.27 [0.21-0.32]; male, 0.06 [0.03-0.08]; training: female, 0.03 [0.02-0.05]; male: 0.01 [0.00-0.02]; game-to-training ratio: 7.90 [4.88-12.91]). Higher (p < 0.05) ankle sprain incidence rates per 1000 athlete-exposures were observed in males (female: 0.82 [0.61-1.03]; male: 0.90 [0.61-1.19]; female-to-male ratio: 0.91 [0.83-0.99]), in players competing at higher playing levels (amateur: 0.54 [0.51-0.57]; intermediate: 1.12 [1.00-1.24]; elite: 1.87 [1.29-2.46]), and in games (games: 2.51 [1.85-3.16]; training: 0.80 [0.52-0.80]; game-to-training ratio: 2.77 [2.35-3.26]). CONCLUSION According to player sex, ACL injury incidence rate is higher in females, while ankle sprain incidence rate is greater in males. ACL injury and ankle sprain incidence rates are greater in players competing at higher playing levels and during games compared to training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilija Stojanović
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Faude
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miloš Nikić
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aaron T Scanlan
- Human Exercise and Training Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Vladimir Jakovljević
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, Moscow State Medical University IM Sechenov, Moscow, Russia
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Performance of male and female soccer players in field-based tests for screening the anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-01011-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chia L, De Oliveira Silva D, Whalan M, McKay MJ, Sullivan J, Fuller CW, Pappas E. Non-contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Epidemiology in Team-Ball Sports: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis by Sex, Age, Sport, Participation Level, and Exposure Type. Sports Med 2022; 52:2447-2467. [PMID: 35622227 PMCID: PMC9136558 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01697-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Not all anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are preventable. While some ACL injuries are unavoidable such as those resulting from a tackle, others that occur in non-contact situations like twisting and turning in the absence of external contact might be more preventable. Because ACL injuries commonly occur in team ball-sports that involve jumping, landing and cutting manoeuvres, accurate information about the epidemiology of non-contact ACL injuries in these sports is needed to quantify their extent and burden to guide resource allocation for risk-reduction efforts. Objective To synthesize the evidence on the incidence and proportion of non-contact to total ACL injuries by sex, age, sport, participation level and exposure type in team ball-sports. Methods Six databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception to July 2021. Cohort studies of team ball-sports reporting number of knee injuries as a function of exposure and injury mechanism were included. Results Forty-five studies covering 13 team ball-sports were included. The overall proportion of non-contact to total ACL injuries was 55% (95% CI 48–62, I2 = 82%; females: 63%, 95% CI 53–71, I2 = 84%; males: 50%, 95% CI 42–58, I2 = 86%). The overall incidence of non-contact ACL injuries was 0.07 per 1000 player-hours (95% CI 0.05–0.10, I2 = 77%), and 0.05 per 1000 player-exposures (95% CI 0.03–0.07, I2 = 97%). Injury incidence was higher in female athletes (0.14 per 1000 player-hours, 95% CI 0.10–0.19, I2 = 40%) than male athletes (0.05 per 1000 player-hours, 95% CI 0.03–0.07, I2 = 48%), and this difference was significant. Injury incidence during competition was higher (0.48 per 1000 player-hours, 95% CI 0.32–0.72, I2 = 77%; 0.32 per 1000 player-exposures, 95% CI 0.15–0.70, I2 = 96%) than during training (0.04 per 1000 player-hours, 95% CI 0.02–0.07, I2 = 63%; 0.02 per 1000 player-exposures, 95% CI 0.01–0.05, I2 = 86%) and these differences were significant. Heterogeneity across studies was generally high. Conclusion This study quantifies several key epidemiological findings for ACL injuries in team ball-sports. Non-contact ACL injuries represented over half of all ACL injuries sustained. The proportion of non-contact to total ACL injuries and injury incidence were higher in female than in male athletes. Injuries mostly occurred in competition settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40279-022-01697-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Chia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Cleveland Guardians Baseball Company, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Danilo De Oliveira Silva
- La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Whalan
- Research and Development Department, Football Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Centre of Medical and Exercise Physiology, School of Medical, Indigenous & Health Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Marnee J McKay
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Justin Sullivan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Evangelos Pappas
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Physiotherapy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, The University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
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Chorney E, Simonson SR. Comprehensive Needs Analysis for Women's Collegiate Lacrosse. Strength Cond J 2022. [DOI: 10.1519/ssc.0000000000000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Paravlic AH. Motor Imagery and Action Observation as Appropriate Strategies for Home-Based Rehabilitation: A Mini-Review Focusing on Improving Physical Function in Orthopedic Patients. Front Psychol 2022; 13:826476. [PMID: 35310255 PMCID: PMC8928581 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.826476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic stability of the knee and weakness of the extensor muscles are considered to be the most important functional limitations after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, probably due to changes at the central (cortical and corticospinal) level of motor control rather than at the peripheral level. Despite general technological advances, fewer contraindicative surgical procedures, and extensive postoperative rehabilitation, up to 65% of patients fail to return to their preinjury level of sports, and only half were able to return to competitive sport. Later, it becomes clear that current rehabilitation after knee surgery is not sufficient to address the functional limitations after ACL reconstruction even years after surgery. Therefore, new therapeutic tools targeting the central neural system, i.e., the higher centers of motor control, should be investigated and integrated into current rehabilitation practice. To improve motor performance when overt movement cannot be fully performed (e.g., due to pain, impaired motor control, and/or joint immobilization), several techniques have been developed to increase physical and mental activation without the need to perform overt movements. Among the most popular cognitive techniques used to increase physical performance are motor imagery and action observation practices. This review, which examines the available evidence, presents the underlying mechanisms of the efficacy of cognitive interventions and provides guidelines for their use at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin H. Paravlic
- Faculty of Sport, Institute of Kinesiology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
- *Correspondence: Armin H. Paravlic,
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Anderson T, Adams WM, Martin KJ, Wideman L. Examining Internal and External Physical Workloads Between Training and Competitive Matches Within Collegiate Division I Men's Soccer. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 35:3440-3447. [PMID: 34593727 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Anderson, T, Adams, WM, Martin, KJ, and Wideman, L. Examining internal and external physical workloads between training and competitive matches within collegiate Division I men's soccer. J Strength Cond Res 35(12): 3440-3447, 2021-A direct analysis comparing differences in the demands of competition relative to in-season training in Division I collegiate soccer players has yet to be reported. Thus, the primary purpose of this study was to compare the absolute and relative internal and external workloads measured during training with competitive matches. Twenty-six male college soccer players were monitored over 2 consecutive seasons using a GPS and heart rate (HR) telemetry system. Differences between outdoor training sessions and competitive matches were analyzed for internal and external absolute and relative training workloads. Differences in training workloads between the 3 days before a match were also analyzed. Absolute time in HR zone 4 (80-89% of HRmax) and 5 (90-100% of HRmax); accelerations in zone 1 (0.50-0.99 m·s-2), zone 2 (1.00-1.99 m·s-2), and zone 3 (2.00-2.99 m·s-2); all negative acceleration zones; training load; and estimated energy expenditure were greater in competition than training (p < 0.05). By contrast, when comparing training and competition values using metrics relative to session duration, relative workload in trainings were greater than competition for HR zone 1 (50-59% of HRmax), zone 2 (60-69% of HRmax), zone 3 (70-79% of HRmax), and zone 4 (80-89% of HRmax) and all acceleration and negative acceleration zones. In addition, absolute training workloads were generally greatest 3 days prior (p < 0.01), but not different 2 days before the competitive match. Absolute physical workloads of competition are significantly greater than those achieved during training; however, these differences and impact on the physical condition of players are mitigated by the greater relative workloads achieved during training. These results provide meaningful metrics that may lead to insights into proper conditioning and in-season workload management for Division I collegiate soccer programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Travis Anderson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina
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Llurda-Almuzara L, Perez-Bellmunt A, Labata-Lezaun N, López-de-Celis C, Canet-Vintró M, Cadellans-Arroniz A, Moure-Romero L, Aiguadé-Aiguadé R. Relationship between lower limb EMG activity and knee frontal plane projection angle during a single-legged drop jump. Phys Ther Sport 2021; 52:13-20. [PMID: 34365085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2021.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess a relationship between lower limb muscle activity and the frontal plane knee kinematics during a single-legged drop jump. DESIGN Correlation study; SETTING: Functional Anatomy Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS 35 healthy collegiate male athletes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Muscle activity (%MVIC) of gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, vastus medialis quadriceps, vastus lateralis quadriceps, medial gastrocnemius and lateral gastrocnemius; peak knee frontal plane projection angle; and Pearson's correlation coefficients between muscle activity and peak knee frontal plane projection angle. All outcomes were assessed for both dominant and non-dominant limbs. RESULTS Significant correlations (r = 0.46-0.60, P < 0.05) were found between the muscle activities of the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, biceps femoris, and semitendinosus, when compared to the knee frontal plane projection angle. CONCLUSION Gluteal muscles and hamstring muscles are associated with the peak knee frontal plane projection angle during a single-legged drop jump test. Thus, gluteal and hamstring muscle activities should be considered when developing rehabilitation or injury prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Llurda-Almuzara
- Anatomy Unit, Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Perez-Bellmunt
- Anatomy Unit, Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Noé Labata-Lezaun
- Anatomy Unit, Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos López-de-Celis
- ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Max Canet-Vintró
- Anatomy Unit, Basic Sciences Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aida Cadellans-Arroniz
- ACTIUM functional anatomy group, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain; Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 08195, Sant Cugat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lourdes Moure-Romero
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25198, St. Lleida, Spain
| | - Ramón Aiguadé-Aiguadé
- Nursing and Physiotherapy Department, University of Lleida, 25198, St. Lleida, Spain; Health Care Research Group (GRECS), Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, 25198, St. Lleida, Spain
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Mouton C, Gokeler A, Urhausen A, Nührenbörger C, Seil R. High Incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Within the First 2 Months of the Season in Amateur Team Ball Sports. Sports Health 2021; 14:183-187. [PMID: 34039120 DOI: 10.1177/19417381211014140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries is commonly reported as an annual incidence rate. There is relatively little information about the seasonal aspects of these injuries. The aim of the current study was to analyze the distribution of ACL injuries during the season in nonprofessional soccer, handball, and basketball based on a retrospective analysis of a hospital-based registry. HYPOTHESIS ACL injuries in soccer, handball, and basketball were more common within the first 2 months of the season in comparison with the rest of the year. STUDY DESIGN Case series. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 4. METHODS Injury occurrence during the calendar year was divided into 6 periods of 2 months, with segment 1 (S1) representing the first 2 months of the season. For soccer, S1 corresponded to September and October. The season started 1 month later for handball and basketball, so S1 represented October and November. Chi-square tests were used to analyze the distribution of ACL injuries among segments according to gender, age, sports, and injury mechanism (contact/noncontact). RESULTS A total of 371 ACL injuries were included (soccer, 258, handball, 56, basketball, 57). Overall, the distribution of ACL injuries was not uniform across the segments (P < 0.01). Almost one-third of the ACL injuries occurred in S1 (n = 104; 28%). Significant differences could be observed according to sports (P < 0.01). There were fewer ACL injuries in S2 for soccer compared with basketball (P < 0.05). In S5, there were significantly more ACL injuries in soccer compared with handball and basketball (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION A high occurrence of ACL injuries was reported immediately within the first 2 months of the season in nonprofessional soccer, handball, and basketball sports. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings indicate that ACL injury prevention programs should be started in the preseason period to allow for gradual increases of load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mouton
- Sports Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Institute of Research in Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Science, Luxembourg
| | - Alli Gokeler
- Luxembourg Institute of Research in Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Science, Luxembourg.,OCON Center of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hengelo, the Netherlands
| | - Anouk Urhausen
- Sports Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich, Luxembourg.,Human Motion, Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine and Digital Methods, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Christian Nührenbörger
- Sports Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich, Luxembourg.,Human Motion, Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine and Digital Methods, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
| | - Romain Seil
- Sports Clinic, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg-Clinique d'Eich, Luxembourg.,Luxembourg Institute of Research in Orthopedics, Sports Medicine and Science, Luxembourg.,Human Motion, Orthopaedics, Sports Medicine and Digital Methods, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg
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Cheney S, Casey E, Abutalib Z, Tepper KB, Dressler R, Sutton KM. Men's Lacrosse Injuries in the 2018 International World Championship Play. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211007951. [PMID: 34046508 PMCID: PMC8138304 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211007951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Limited data exist on injuries in men’s lacrosse at the international level.
As lacrosse’s popularity grows rapidly across the globe, health care
providers must understand how to treat lacrosse athletes. Purpose: To analyze injury data from the 2018 Men’s World Lacrosse Championship. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This study prospectively observed injuries that occurred during the 2018
Men’s World Lacrosse Championship. The medical staff of each team completed
injury report forms, and data were categorized into body part injury, type,
mechanism, time, and location of injury. Results: Over 11 days, 1019 athletes competed in 170 games, resulting in a total of
7147 athlete-exposures (AEs). A total of 140 injuries were
recorded during the tournament for an injury rate of 19.6 per 1000 AEs (95%
CI, 16.4-22.7). Overall, there were more contact injuries (n = 99; 70.7%)
than noncontact injuries (n = 41; 29.3%) (P < .0001).
Contact injuries most commonly affected the upper extremity, while
noncontact injuries most commonly affected the lower extremity. Contusions
were the most commonly reported injury type in the tournament (n = 41;
29.3%), followed by ligament sprains (n = 32; 22.9%) and muscle strains (n =
21; 15.0%). Although there was no difference between the first and second
half of gameplay, the injury rate increased in the latter portion of each
half (the first and third quarters vs the second and fourth quarters)
(P < .0001). A total of 4 injuries required trips to
the hospital. Conclusion: Lacrosse has a unique injury profile, as it includes both overhead and
collision activity as well as multidirectional, cutting movements.
Understanding common injury patterns may help with treatment and prevention.
Fatigue may play a role in injury rate, and future research of within-game
and within-tournament fatigue should explore this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cheney
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ellen Casey
- Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Reuven Dressler
- Clalit Health Services, Yahalom-Maale Adumim Medical Center, Maale Adumim, Israel.,Hadassah Hospital, Department of Family Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Karen Michelle Sutton
- Hospital for Special Surgery/Cornell Medical Center Program, New York, New York, USA
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Bruinvels G, Lewis NA, Blagrove RC, Scott D, Simpson RJ, Baggish AL, Rogers JP, Ackerman KE, Pedlar CR. COVID-19-Considerations for the Female Athlete. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:606799. [PMID: 33665612 PMCID: PMC7921484 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.606799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) caused the whole sporting calendar to be paused. As we embark on the challenge of navigating through the return to play (RTP) process, there is a necessity to consider the needs of all athletes. This commentary specifically considers recommendations and requirements for the female athlete with a physiological emphasis during and following the COVID-19 pandemic, however, it will be relevant for any similar future scenarios that may present. It is important to acknowledge that there remain many unknowns surrounding COVID-19 and the female athlete both in the short- and long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgie Bruinvels
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, United Kingdom.,Orreco Ltd., Unit 103, Business Innovation Centre, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nathan A Lewis
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, United Kingdom.,Orreco Ltd., Unit 103, Business Innovation Centre, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Richard C Blagrove
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Scott
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Aaron L Baggish
- Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - John P Rogers
- Department of Sports Medicine, Manchester Institute of High Performance, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn E Ackerman
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Charles R Pedlar
- Faculty of Sport, Health and Applied Science, St Mary's University, Twickenham, United Kingdom.,Orreco Ltd., Unit 103, Business Innovation Centre, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Aizawa J, Hirohata K, Ohji S, Ohmi T, Koga H, Yagishita K. Factors Associated With Psychological Readiness to Return to Sports With Cutting, Pivoting, and Jump-Landings After Primary ACL Reconstruction. Orthop J Sports Med 2020; 8:2325967120964484. [PMID: 33244476 PMCID: PMC7678401 DOI: 10.1177/2325967120964484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: High psychological readiness is an important element for returning to sports after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Identifying factors that contribute to psychological readiness is essential for planning interventions to return to play. No studies have used multivariate analysis to clarify factors associated with psychological readiness to return to specific sports. Hypothesis: To identify factors that contribute to an athlete’s psychological readiness to return after ACL reconstruction to sports that require cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Study participants were athletes who before injury had participated in sports with limited contact that required cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings (basketball, soccer, futsal, volleyball, badminton, tennis, and frisbee) and hoped to return to the same sport after reconstruction. Psychological readiness was measured using the Anterior Cruciate Ligament–Return to Sport After Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) in athletes more than 6 months after primary ACL reconstruction. To clarify factors associated with the ACL-RSI, univariate regression analysis and multivariate regression analysis were performed using the following independent variables: age, sex, body mass index, time from injury to reconstruction, time from reconstruction to testing, meniscal surgery, modified Tegner activity scale before injury, kinesiophobia, limb symmetry index of knee strength, limb symmetry indices of single-leg hop (SLH) distances, and subjective running ability. Results: Higher subjective running ability, a lower kinesiophobia score, and greater limb symmetry in the lateral SLH were positively associated with psychological readiness. Conclusion: The psychological readiness of athletes aiming to return after ACL reconstruction to limited-contact sports that require cutting, pivoting, and jump-landings was affected by subjective running ability, kinesiophobia, and asymmetry of lateral SLH distance. This information may be useful in planning appropriate interventions and thereby increasing the likelihood of an athlete’s returning to such sports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Aizawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Clinical Center for Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirohata
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Ohji
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehiro Ohmi
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Yagishita
- Clinical Center for Sports Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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O'Connor S, Bruce C, Teahan C, McDermott E, Whyte E. Injuries in Collegiate Ladies Gaelic Footballers: A 2-Season Prospective Cohort Study. J Sport Rehabil 2020; 30:261-266. [PMID: 32473586 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2019-0468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although Ladies Gaelic football is one of the most popular female sports in Ireland, just 2 previous injury surveillance studies have been completed, and both were retrospective in nature. OBJECTIVE To prospectively examine the injury incidence and injury profile in collegiate Ladies Gaelic football over 2 seasons. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING College. Patients (or Other Participants): Adult Ladies Gaelic footballers from one collegiate institution (season 1: n = 50, season 2: n = 82). INTERVENTION(S) All time-loss injuries that occurred were recorded by certified athletic therapists and student-athletic therapists and trainers over 2 seasons. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A standardized injury report form was used to record the injury onset, mechanism, location, nature, and outcome. Injury incidence proportion, repeat incidence proportion and total, match and training injury rates, and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The frequencies and proportions were also calculated. RESULTS The match and training injury rates were 42.48 and 7.93 injuries per 1000 hours, respectively. A low repeat incidence proportion per season was noted (11.7% and 0.0%). The injuries were predominantly acute (74.68%) and noncontact (66.25%), with hamstring injuries (21.52%) and strains (36.71%) the most frequent location and nature of injuries noted. Strains (104.92 d absent per 1000 h) and knee injuries (106.46 d absent per 1000 h) led to the greatest injury burden. Further investigations were not frequently required, with an X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging ordered in 8.00% and 6.67% of the cases, respectively. Surgery was completed following one injury. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to provide prospective injury data on Ladies Gaelic football. Priority needs to be given to preventing hamstring and knee injuries due to their occurrence and negative impact on player availability to play. Collegiate Ladies Gaelic football teams should be encouraged to implement an injury-prevention warm-up, such as the GAA15+, at training and matches.
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