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Zheng HY, Wang YX, Zhou K, Xie HL, Ren Z, Liu HT, Ou YS, Zhou ZX, Jiang ZS. Biological functions of CRTC2 and its role in metabolism-related diseases. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:495-506. [PMID: 36856929 PMCID: PMC10409973 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00730-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
CREB-regulated transcription coactivator2 (CRTC2 or TORC2) is a transcriptional coactivator of CREB(cAMP response element binding protein), which affects human energy metabolism through cyclic adenosine phosphate pathway, Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1(SREBP1), Sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2) and other substances Current studies on CRTC2 mainly focus on glucose and lipid metabolism, relevant studies show that CRTC2 can participate in the occurrence and development of related diseases by affecting metabolic homeostasis. It has been found that Crtc2 acts as a signaling regulator for cAMP and Ca2 + signaling pathways in many cell types, and phosphorylation at ser171 and ser275 can regulate downstream biological functions by controlling CRTC2 shuttling between cytoplasm and nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zheng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yan-Xia Wang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hai-Lin Xie
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Hui-Ting Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Yang-Shao Ou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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2
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Sun H, Kemper JK. MicroRNA regulation of AMPK in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1974-1981. [PMID: 37653034 PMCID: PMC10545736 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is the leading cause of liver failure and death. The function of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master energy sensor, is aberrantly reduced in NAFLD, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRs) are associated with impaired AMPK function in obesity and NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence that miRs have a role in reducing AMPK activity in NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of NAFLD. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms of the aberrant expression of miRs that can negatively impact AMPK, as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting the miR-AMPK pathway for NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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3
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Chen K, Zhang X, Peng H, Huang F, Sun G, Xu Q, Liao L, Xing Z, Zhong Y, Fang Z, Liao M, Luo S, Chen W, Dong M. Exploring the diagnostic value, prognostic value, and biological functions of NPC gene family members in hepatocellular carcinoma based on a multi-omics analysis. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:264. [PMID: 37541978 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Liver cancer is a cunning malignancy with a high incidence and mortality rate among cancers worldwide. The NPC gene family members (NPCs: NPC1, NPC2, and NPC1L1) are closely linked to the development of multiple cancers, but their role in liver cancer remains unclear. As a result, we must investigate their functions in liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC). NPCs were significantly differentially expressed between normal and LIHC tissues, with a high mutation frequency in LIHC. The ROC curve analysis revealed that NPC1/NPC2 had high diagnostic and prognostic values in LIHC. NPC1 expression was also found to be negatively correlated with its methylation level. The differentially expressed genes between high and low NPC1 expression groups in LIHC were mainly related to channel activity, transporter complexes, and plasma membrane adhesion molecules. Additionally, NPC1 expression was significantly associated with multiple immune cells and immunization checkpoints. It was hypothesized that a TUG1/SNHG4-miR-148a-3p-NPC1 regulatory axis is associated with hepatocarcinogenesis. Finally, the protein expression of NPC1 in LIHC tissues and paraneoplastic tissues was detected, and NPC1-knockdown HepG2 cells (NPC1KO) inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion. This study helped to identify new prognostic markers and potential immunotherapeutic targets for LIHC and revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC1 regulation in LIHC. The NPCs play a key role in the prognosis and diagnosis of LIHC and may be an important indicator for LIHC prognosis and diagnosis; NPC1 might be a potential therapeutic target in LIHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keheng Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Huixin Peng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
- Center for Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Fengdie Huang
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- Chaozhou People's Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Chaozhou, China
| | - Qijiang Xu
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Lusheng Liao
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhiyong Xing
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Yanping Zhong
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Zhichao Fang
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China
| | - Meihua Liao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China
| | - Shihua Luo
- Center for Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Wencheng Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
- Center for Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, PR China.
| | - Mingyou Dong
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, Guangxi, China.
- Modern Industrial College of Biomedicine and Great Health, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, China.
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4
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Touitou N, Lerrer B, Cohen HY. It is a branched road to adipose tissue aging. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:911-912. [PMID: 37488414 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N Touitou
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - B Lerrer
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - H Y Cohen
- The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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5
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Dagdeviren S, Hoang MF, Sarikhani M, Meier V, Benoit JC, Okawa MC, Melnik VY, Ricci-Blair EM, Foot N, Friedline RH, Hu X, Tauer LA, Srinivasan A, Prigozhin MB, Shenoy SK, Kumar S, Kim JK, Lee RT. An insulin-regulated arrestin domain protein controls hepatic glucagon action. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105045. [PMID: 37451484 PMCID: PMC10413355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucagon signaling is essential for maintaining normoglycemia in mammals. The arrestin fold superfamily of proteins controls the trafficking, turnover, and signaling of transmembrane receptors as well as other intracellular signaling functions. Further investigation is needed to understand the in vivo functions of the arrestin domain-containing 4 (ARRDC4) protein family member and whether it is involved in mammalian glucose metabolism. Here, we show that mice with a global deletion of the ARRDC4 protein have impaired glucagon responses and gluconeogenesis at a systemic and molecular level. Mice lacking ARRDC4 exhibited lower glucose levels after fasting and could not suppress gluconeogenesis at the refed state. We also show that ARRDC4 coimmunoprecipitates with the glucagon receptor, and ARRDC4 expression is suppressed by insulin. These results define ARRDC4 as a critical regulator of glucagon signaling and glucose homeostasis and reveal a novel intersection of insulin and glucagon pathways in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezin Dagdeviren
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megan F Hoang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mohsen Sarikhani
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vanessa Meier
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jake C Benoit
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marinna C Okawa
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Veronika Y Melnik
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Elisabeth M Ricci-Blair
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Natalie Foot
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Randall H Friedline
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaodi Hu
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren A Tauer
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Arvind Srinivasan
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maxim B Prigozhin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA; John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sudha K Shenoy
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sharad Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Jason K Kim
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
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6
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Han HS, Ahn E, Park ES, Huh T, Choi S, Kwon Y, Choi BH, Lee J, Choi YH, Jeong YL, Lee GB, Kim M, Seong JK, Shin HM, Kim HR, Moon MH, Kim JK, Hwang GS, Koo SH. Impaired BCAA catabolism in adipose tissues promotes age-associated metabolic derangement. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:982-1000. [PMID: 37488415 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissues are central in controlling metabolic homeostasis and failure in their preservation is associated with age-related metabolic disorders. The exact role of mature adipocytes in this phenomenon remains elusive. Here we describe the role of adipose branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism in this process. We found that adipocyte-specific Crtc2 knockout protected mice from age-associated metabolic decline. Multiomics analysis revealed that BCAA catabolism was impaired in aged visceral adipose tissues, leading to the activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) signaling and the resultant cellular senescence, which was restored by Crtc2 knockout in adipocytes. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we found that age-associated decline in adipogenic potential of visceral adipose tissues was reinstated by Crtc2 knockout, via the reduction of BCAA-mTORC1 senescence-associated secretory phenotype axis. Collectively, we propose that perturbation of BCAA catabolism by CRTC2 is critical in instigating age-associated remodeling of adipose tissue and the resultant metabolic decline in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sook Han
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Tom Huh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seri Choi
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongmin Kwon
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | | | - Gwang Bin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea
| | | | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea.
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
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7
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Chowdhury MAR, An J, Jeong S. The Pleiotropic Face of CREB Family Transcription Factors. Mol Cells 2023; 46:399-413. [PMID: 37013623 PMCID: PMC10336275 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2023.2193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is one of the most intensively studied phosphorylation-dependent transcription factors that provide evolutionarily conserved mechanisms of differential gene expression in vertebrates and invertebrates. Many cellular protein kinases that function downstream of distinct cell surface receptors are responsible for the activation of CREB. Upon functional dimerization of the activated CREB to cis-acting cAMP responsive elements within the promoters of target genes, it facilitates signal-dependent gene expression. From the discovery of CREB, which is ubiquitously expressed, it has been proven to be involved in a variety of cellular processes that include cell proliferation, adaptation, survival, differentiation, and physiology, through the control of target gene expression. In this review, we highlight the essential roles of CREB proteins in the nervous system, the immune system, cancer development, hepatic physiology, and cardiovascular function and further discuss a wide range of CREB-associated diseases and molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Arifur Rahman Chowdhury
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Jungeun An
- Division of Life Sciences (Life Sciences Major), Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sangyun Jeong
- Division of Life Sciences (Molecular Biology Major), Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, and Research Center of Bioactive Materials, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
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8
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Emerging Role of SMILE in Liver Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032907. [PMID: 36769229 PMCID: PMC9917820 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper (SMILE) is a member of the CREB/ATF family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. SMILE has two isoforms, a small and long isoform, resulting from alternative usage of the initiation codon. Interestingly, although SMILE can homodimerize similar to other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA. As a result, SMILE acts as a co-repressor in nuclear receptor signaling and other transcription factors through its DNA binding inhibition, coactivator competition, and direct repression, thereby regulating the expression of target genes. Therefore, the knockdown of SMILE increases the transactivation of transcription factors. Recent findings suggest that SMILE is an important regulator of metabolic signals and pathways by causing changes in glucose, lipid, and iron metabolism in the liver. The regulation of SMILE plays an important role in pathological conditions such as hepatitis, diabetes, fatty liver disease, and controlling the energy metabolism in the liver. This review focuses on the role of SMILE and its repressive actions on the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors and bZIP transcription factors and its effects on liver metabolism. Understanding the importance of SMILE in liver metabolism and signaling pathways paves the way to utilize SMILE as a target in treating liver diseases.
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9
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Sadasivam N, Radhakrishnan K, Choi HS, Kim DK. Emerging Role of SMILE in Liver Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2907. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032907 academic] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heterodimer partner-interacting leucine zipper (SMILE) is a member of the CREB/ATF family of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors. SMILE has two isoforms, a small and long isoform, resulting from alternative usage of the initiation codon. Interestingly, although SMILE can homodimerize similar to other bZIP proteins, it cannot bind to DNA. As a result, SMILE acts as a co-repressor in nuclear receptor signaling and other transcription factors through its DNA binding inhibition, coactivator competition, and direct repression, thereby regulating the expression of target genes. Therefore, the knockdown of SMILE increases the transactivation of transcription factors. Recent findings suggest that SMILE is an important regulator of metabolic signals and pathways by causing changes in glucose, lipid, and iron metabolism in the liver. The regulation of SMILE plays an important role in pathological conditions such as hepatitis, diabetes, fatty liver disease, and controlling the energy metabolism in the liver. This review focuses on the role of SMILE and its repressive actions on the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors and bZIP transcription factors and its effects on liver metabolism. Understanding the importance of SMILE in liver metabolism and signaling pathways paves the way to utilize SMILE as a target in treating liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanthini Sadasivam
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamalakannan Radhakrishnan
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Centre, Department of Microbiology, Combinatorial Tumour Immunotheraphy MRC, Medical School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Hueng-Sik Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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10
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Kapadia B, Behera S, Kumar ST, Shah T, Edwin RK, Babu PP, Chakrabarti P, Parsa KV, Misra P. PIMT regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis in mice. iScience 2023; 26:106120. [PMID: 36866247 PMCID: PMC9972567 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The physiological and metabolic functions of PIMT/TGS1, a third-generation transcriptional apparatus protein, in glucose homeostasis sustenance are unclear. Here, we observed that the expression of PIMT was upregulated in the livers of short-term fasted and obese mice. Lentiviruses expressing Tgs1-specific shRNA or cDNA were injected into wild-type mice. Gene expression, hepatic glucose output, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity were evaluated in mice and primary hepatocytes. Genetic modulation of PIMT exerted a direct positive impact on the gluconeogenic gene expression program and hepatic glucose output. Molecular studies utilizing cultured cells, in vivo models, genetic manipulation, and PKA pharmacological inhibition establish that PKA regulates PIMT at post-transcriptional/translational and post-translational levels. PKA enhanced 3'UTR-mediated translation of TGS1 mRNA and phosphorylated PIMT at Ser656, increasing Ep300-mediated gluconeogenic transcriptional activity. The PKA-PIMT-Ep300 signaling module and associated PIMT regulation may serve as a key driver of gluconeogenesis, positioning PIMT as a critical hepatic glucose sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bandish Kapadia
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | - Soma Behera
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | - Sireesh T. Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Tapan Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, India
| | - Rebecca Kristina Edwin
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India
| | | | | | - Kishore V.L. Parsa
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India,Corresponding author
| | - Parimal Misra
- Center for Innovation in Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences (DRILS), University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, TG 500046, India,Corresponding author
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11
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Kim YW, Bak SB, Baek SY, Kim IK, Lee WY, Yun UJ, Park KI. Mylabris phalerata induces the apoptosis and cell cycle delay in HCC, and potentiates the effect of sorafenib based on the molecular and network pharmacology approach. Mol Cell Toxicol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-022-00300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
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12
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Qiao A, Ma W, Jiang Y, Han C, Yan B, Zhou J, Qin G. Hepatic Sam68 Regulates Systemic Glucose Homeostasis and Insulin Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911469. [PMID: 36232770 PMCID: PMC9569775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic glucose production (HGP) is an important component of glucose homeostasis, and deregulated HGP, particularly through gluconeogenesis, contributes to hyperglycemia and pathology of type-2 diabetes (T2D). It has been shown that the gluconeogenic gene expression is governed primarily by the transcription factor cAMP-response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) and its coactivator, CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 2 (CRTC2). Recently, we have discovered that Sam68, an adaptor protein and Src kinase substrate, potently promotes hepatic gluconeogenesis by promoting CRTC2 stability; however, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. Here we show that in response to glucagon, Sam68 increases CREB/CRTC2 transactivity by interacting with CRTC2 in the CREB/CRTC2 complex and occupying the CRE motif of promoters, leading to gluconeogenic gene expression and glucose production. In hepatocytes, glucagon promotes Sam68 nuclear import, whereas insulin elicits its nuclear export. Furthermore, ablation of Sam68 in hepatocytes protects mice from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperglycemia and significantly increased hepatic and peripheral insulin sensitivities. Thus, hepatic Sam68 potentiates CREB/CRTC2-mediated glucose production, contributes to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, and may serve as a therapeutic target for T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Qiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan 528400, China
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: (A.Q.); (G.Q.); Tel.: +205-934-6690 (G.Q.); Fax: +205-934-9101 (G.Q.)
| | - Wenxia Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Chaoshan Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Baolong Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Junlan Zhou
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Gangjian Qin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine and School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
- Correspondence: (A.Q.); (G.Q.); Tel.: +205-934-6690 (G.Q.); Fax: +205-934-9101 (G.Q.)
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Du M, Li X, Xiao F, Fu Y, Shi Y, Guo S, Chen L, Shen L, Wang L, Cheng H, Li H, Xie A, Zhou Y, Yang K, Fang H, Lyu J, Zhao Q. Serine active site containing protein 1 depletion alters lipid metabolism and protects against high fat diet-induced obesity in mice. Metabolism 2022; 134:155244. [PMID: 35760118 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the serine active site containing 1 (SERAC1) protein is essential for cardiolipin remodeling and cholesterol transfer, its physiological role in whole-body energy metabolism remains unclear. Thus, we investigated the role of SERAC1 in lipid distribution and metabolism in mice. METHODS CRISPR/Cas9 was used to create homozygous Serac1 knockout mice. A range of methods, including electron microscopy, histological analysis, DNA sequencing, glucose and insulin tolerance tests, and biochemical analysis of serum lipid levels, were used to assess lipid distribution and rates of lipid synthesis in mice. RESULTS We found that Serac1 depletion in mice prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity but did not affect energy expenditure. The liver was affected by Serac1 depletion, but adipose tissues were not. Serac1 depletion was shown to impair cholesterol transfer from the liver to the serum and led to an imbalance in cholesterol distribution. The livers from mice with Serac1 depletion showed increased cholesterol synthesis because the levels of cholesterol synthesis enzymes were upregulated. Moreover, the accumulation of hepatic lipid droplets in mice with Serac1 depletion were decreased, suggesting that SERAC1 depletion may decrease the risk for hepatic steatosis in high fat diet-induced mice. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that SERAC1 can serve as a potential target for the treatment or prevention of diet-induced hepatic lipid metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Du
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311399, China; Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310063, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xueyun Li
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China
| | - Fangyi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325015, China
| | - Yinxu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Sihan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Huang Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Anran Xie
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Kaiqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Hezhi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
| | - Qiongya Zhao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Bioengineering, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311399, China; Key Laboratory of Biomarkers and In Vitro Diagnosis Translation of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310063, China; Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, College of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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Ahmed MB, Alghamdi AAA, Islam SU, Lee JS, Lee YS. cAMP Signaling in Cancer: A PKA-CREB and EPAC-Centric Approach. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132020. [PMID: 35805104 PMCID: PMC9266045 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death globally. Despite extensive research and considerable advances in cancer therapy, the fundamentals of the disease remain unclear. Understanding the key signaling mechanisms that cause cancer cell malignancy may help to uncover new pharmaco-targets. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) regulates various biological functions, including those in malignant cells. Understanding intracellular second messenger pathways is crucial for identifying downstream proteins involved in cancer growth and development. cAMP regulates cell signaling and a variety of physiological and pathological activities. There may be an impact on gene transcription from protein kinase A (PKA) as well as its downstream effectors, such as cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). The position of CREB downstream of numerous growth signaling pathways implies its oncogenic potential in tumor cells. Tumor growth is associated with increased CREB expression and activation. PKA can be used as both an onco-drug target and a biomarker to find, identify, and stage tumors. Exploring cAMP effectors and their downstream pathways in cancer has become easier using exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) modulators. This signaling system may inhibit or accelerate tumor growth depending on the tumor and its environment. As cAMP and its effectors are critical for cancer development, targeting them may be a useful cancer treatment strategy. Moreover, by reviewing the material from a distinct viewpoint, this review aims to give a knowledge of the impact of the cAMP signaling pathway and the related effectors on cancer incidence and development. These innovative insights seek to encourage the development of novel treatment techniques and new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Bilal Ahmed
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
| | | | - Salman Ul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Cecos University, Peshawar, Street 1, Sector F 5 Phase 6 Hayatabad, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Joon-Seok Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
| | - Young-Sup Lee
- BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (M.B.A.); (J.-S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-6353; Fax: +82-53-943-2762
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Afinanisa Q, Cho MK, Seong HA. AMPK Localization: A Key to Differential Energy Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10921. [PMID: 34681581 PMCID: PMC8535671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As the central node between nutrition signaling input and the metabolic pathway, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is tightly regulated to maintain energy homeostasis. Subcellular compartmentalization of AMPK is one of the critical regulations that enables AMPK to access proper targets and generate appropriate responses to specific perturbations and different levels of stress. One of the characterized localization mechanisms is RanGTPase-driven CRM1 that recognizes the nuclear export sequence (NES) on the α subunit to translocate AMPK into the cytoplasm. Nuclear localization putatively employs RanGTPase-driven importin that might recognize the nuclear localization signal (NLS) present on the AMPKα2 kinase domain. Nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling of AMPK is influenced by multiple factors, such as starvation, exercise, heat shock, oxidant, cell density, and circadian rhythm. Tissue-specific localization, which distributes AMPK trimers with different combinations, has also been shown to be vital in maintaining tissue-specific metabolism. Tissue-specific and subcellular distribution of AMPK might be attributed to differences in the expression of the subunit, the stabilization by protein regulators, tissue activity, and the localization of AMPK activators. Considering the importance of AMPK localization in coordinating signaling and metabolism, further research is due to fully elucidate the largely unknown complex mechanism underlying this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hyun-A Seong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea; (Q.A.); (M.K.C.)
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