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Kang C, Yun D, Yoon H, Hong M, Hwang J, Shin HM, Park S, Cheon S, Han D, Moon KC, Kim HY, Choi EY, Lee EY, Kim MH, Jeong CW, Kwak C, Kim DK, Oh KH, Joo KW, Lee DS, Kim YS, Han SS. Glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase (EPRS1) drives tubulointerstitial nephritis-induced fibrosis by enhancing T cell proliferation and activity. Kidney Int 2024; 105:997-1019. [PMID: 38320721 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Toxin- and drug-induced tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN), characterized by interstitial infiltration of immune cells, frequently necessitates dialysis for patients due to irreversible fibrosis. However, agents modulating interstitial immune cells are lacking. Here, we addressed whether the housekeeping enzyme glutamyl-prolyl-transfer RNA synthetase 1 (EPRS1), responsible for attaching glutamic acid and proline to transfer RNA, modulates immune cell activity during TIN and whether its pharmacological inhibition abrogates fibrotic transformation. The immunological feature following TIN induction by means of an adenine-mixed diet was infiltration of EPRS1high T cells, particularly proliferating T and γδ T cells. The proliferation capacity of both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, along with interleukin-17 production of γδ T cells, was higher in the kidneys of TIN-induced Eprs1+/+ mice than in the kidneys of TIN-induced Eprs1+/- mice. This discrepancy contributed to the fibrotic amelioration observed in kidneys of Eprs1+/- mice. TIN-induced fibrosis was also reduced in Rag1-/- mice adoptively transferred with Eprs1+/- T cells compared to the Rag1-/- mice transferred with Eprs1+/+ T cells. The use of an EPRS1-targeting small molecule inhibitor (bersiporocin) under clinical trials to evaluate its therapeutic potential against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis alleviated immunofibrotic aggravation in TIN. EPRS1 expression was also observed in human kidney tissues and blood-derived T cells, and high expression was associated with worse patient outcomes. Thus, EPRS1 may emerge as a therapeutic target in toxin- and drug-induced TIN, modulating the proliferation and activity of infiltrated T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaelin Kang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghwan Yun
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haein Yoon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minki Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juhyeon Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seokwoo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongmin Cheon
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine and Advanced Technology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Myung Hee Kim
- Microbiome Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Chang Wook Jeong
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kook-Hwan Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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2
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Lee S, Song SG, Kim G, Kim S, Yoo HJ, Koh J, Kim YJ, Tian J, Cho E, Choi YS, Chang S, Shin HM, Jung KC, Kim JH, Kim TM, Jeon YK, Kim HY, Shong M, Kim JH, Chung DH. CRIF1 deficiency induces FOXP3 LOW inflammatory non-suppressive regulatory T cells, thereby promoting antitumor immunity. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadj9600. [PMID: 38536932 PMCID: PMC10971410 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj9600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Recently identified human FOXP3lowCD45RA- inflammatory non-suppressive (INS) cells produce proinflammatory cytokines, exhibit reduced suppressiveness, and promote antitumor immunity unlike conventional regulatory T cells (Tregs). In spite of their implication in tumors, the mechanism for generation of FOXP3lowCD45RA- INS cells in vivo is unclear. We showed that the FOXP3lowCD45RA- cells in human tumors demonstrate attenuated expression of CRIF1, a vital mitochondrial regulator. Mice with CRIF1 deficiency in Tregs bore Foxp3lowINS-Tregs with mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic reprograming. The enhanced glutaminolysis activated α-ketoglutarate-mTORC1 axis, which promoted proinflammatory cytokine expression by inducing EOMES and SATB1 expression. Moreover, chromatin openness of the regulatory regions of the Ifng and Il4 genes was increased, which facilitated EOMES/SATB1 binding. The increased α-ketoglutarate-derived 2-hydroxyglutarate down-regulated Foxp3 expression by methylating the Foxp3 gene regulatory regions. Furthermore, CRIF1 deficiency-induced Foxp3lowINS-Tregs suppressed tumor growth in an IFN-γ-dependent manner. Thus, CRIF1 deficiency-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction results in the induction of Foxp3lowINS-Tregs including FOXP3lowCD45RA- cells that promote antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangsin Lee
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation in Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Geun Song
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehui Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Yoo
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccine Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jaemoon Koh
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ye-Ji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jingwen Tian
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eunji Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youn Soo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghoe Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Cheon Jung
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center (AMC), Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Kyung Jeon
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Ji Hyung Kim
- Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccine Innovation, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Hyun Chung
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation in Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Lee CM, Kim M, Park SW, Kang CK, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Jo HJ, Shin HM, Lee CH, Kim HR, Park WB, Oh MD. Clinical outcomes and immunological features of COVID-19 patients receiving B-cell depletion therapy during the Omicron era. Infect Dis (Lond) 2024; 56:116-127. [PMID: 37916860 DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2023.2276784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The clinical outcomes and immunological features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients receiving B-cell depletion therapy (BCDT), especially in Omicron variant era, have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to investigate the outcomes and immune responses of COVID-19 patients receiving BCDT during the Omicron period.Methods: We retrospectively compared clinical outcomes between COVID-19 patients treated with BCDT (the BCDT group) and those with the same underlying diseases not treated with BCDT (the non-BCDT group). For immunological analyses, we prospectively enrolled COVID-19 patients receiving BCDT and immunocompetent COVID-19 patients as controls. We measured humoral and cellular immune responses using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry.Results: Severe to critical COVID-19 was more frequent in the BCDT group than in the non-BCDT group (41.9% vs. 28.3%, p = .030). BCDT was an independent risk factor for severe to critical COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21-4.04, p = .010) as well as for COVID-19-related mortality (aOR 4.03, 95% CI 1.17-13.86, p = .027). Immunological analyses revealed that patients receiving BCDT had lower anti-S1 IgG titres and a tendency to higher proportions of activated CD4+ T-cells than the controls.Conclusions: BCDT was associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes in the Omicron period. Humoral immune response impairment and T-cell hyperactivation were the main immunological features of COVID-19 patients treated with BCDT, which may have contributed to the worse outcomes of COVID-19 in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jae Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Koo S, Sohn HS, Kim TH, Yang S, Jang SY, Ye S, Choi B, Kim SH, Park KS, Shin HM, Park OK, Kim C, Kang M, Soh M, Yoo J, Kim D, Lee N, Kim BS, Jung Y, Hyeon T. Ceria-vesicle nanohybrid therapeutic for modulation of innate and adaptive immunity in a collagen-induced arthritis model. Nat Nanotechnol 2023; 18:1502-1514. [PMID: 37884660 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Commencing with the breakdown of immune tolerance, multiple pathogenic factors, including synovial inflammation and harmful cytokines, are conjointly involved in the progression of rheumatoid arthritis. Intervening to mitigate some of these factors can bring a short-term therapeutic effect, but other unresolved factors will continue to aggravate the disease. Here we developed a ceria nanoparticle-immobilized mesenchymal stem cell nanovesicle hybrid system to address multiple factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Each component of this nanohybrid works individually and also synergistically, resulting in comprehensive treatment. Alleviation of inflammation and modulation of the tissue environment into an immunotolerant-favourable state are combined to recover the immune system by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. The therapy is shown to successfully treat and prevent rheumatoid arthritis by relieving the main symptoms and also by restoring the immune system through the induction of regulatory T cells in a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagang Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Sohn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Fusion Research and Collaboration, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyeon Yang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Animal Research Laboratory, Institute Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Youn Jang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongryeol Ye
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boomin Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyu Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheesue Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Kang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Soh
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yoo
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Bionano Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Koo S, Sohn HS, Kim TH, Yang S, Jang SY, Ye S, Choi B, Kim SH, Park KS, Shin HM, Park OK, Kim C, Kang M, Soh M, Yoo J, Kim D, Lee N, Kim BS, Jung Y, Hyeon T. Publisher Correction: Ceria-vesicle nanohybrid therapeutic for modulation of innate and adaptive immunity in a collagen-induced arthritis model. Nat Nanotechnol 2023; 18:1516. [PMID: 37978328 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-023-01568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sagang Koo
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Su Sohn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Kim
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Fusion Research and Collaboration, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyeon Yang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Animal Research Laboratory, Institute Pasteur Korea, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Youn Jang
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seongryeol Ye
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Program in Nanoscience and Technology, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Boomin Choi
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyu Park
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheesue Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mikyung Kang
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Min Soh
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yoo
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyoon Kim
- Department of Bionano Engineering and Bionanotechnology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nohyun Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Soo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngmee Jung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-KIST Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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6
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Kim IS, Kang CK, Lee SJ, Lee CH, Kim M, Seo C, Kim G, Lee S, Park KS, Chang E, Jung J, Song KH, Choe PG, Park WB, Kim ES, Bin Kim H, Kim NJ, Oh MD, Lee JE, Shin HM, Kim HR. Tracking antigen-specific TCR clonotypes in SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals distinct severity trajectories. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29199. [PMID: 37916645 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of antigen-specific T cells in infectious disease, characterizing and tracking clonally amplified T cells during the progression of a patient's symptoms remain unclear. Here, we performed a longitudinal, in-depth single-cell multiomics analysis of samples from asymptomatic, mild, usual severe, and delayed severe patients of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our in-depth analysis revealed that hyperactive or improper T-cell responses were more aggressive in delayed severe patients. Interestingly, tracking of antigen-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes along the developmental trajectory indicated an attenuation in functional T cells upon severity. In addition, increased glycolysis and interleukin-6 signaling in the cytotoxic T cells were markedly distinct in delayed severe patients compared to usual severe patients, particularly in the middle and late stages of infection. Tracking B-cell receptor clonotypes also revealed distinct transitions and somatic hypermutations within B cells across different levels of disease severity. Our results suggest that single-cell TCR clonotype tracking can distinguish the severity of patients through immunological hallmarks, leading to a better understanding of the severity differences in and improving the management of infectious diseases by analyzing the dynamics of immune responses over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Sun Park
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jongtak Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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7
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Han HS, Ahn E, Park ES, Huh T, Choi S, Kwon Y, Choi BH, Lee J, Choi YH, Jeong YL, Lee GB, Kim M, Seong JK, Shin HM, Kim HR, Moon MH, Kim JK, Hwang GS, Koo SH. Impaired BCAA catabolism in adipose tissues promotes age-associated metabolic derangement. Nat Aging 2023; 3:982-1000. [PMID: 37488415 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00460-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissues are central in controlling metabolic homeostasis and failure in their preservation is associated with age-related metabolic disorders. The exact role of mature adipocytes in this phenomenon remains elusive. Here we describe the role of adipose branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolism in this process. We found that adipocyte-specific Crtc2 knockout protected mice from age-associated metabolic decline. Multiomics analysis revealed that BCAA catabolism was impaired in aged visceral adipose tissues, leading to the activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1) signaling and the resultant cellular senescence, which was restored by Crtc2 knockout in adipocytes. Using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis, we found that age-associated decline in adipogenic potential of visceral adipose tissues was reinstated by Crtc2 knockout, via the reduction of BCAA-mTORC1 senescence-associated secretory phenotype axis. Collectively, we propose that perturbation of BCAA catabolism by CRTC2 is critical in instigating age-associated remodeling of adipose tissue and the resultant metabolic decline in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Sook Han
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyong Ahn
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Tom Huh
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seri Choi
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yongmin Kwon
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Jueun Lee
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Ha Choi
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | | | - Gwang Bin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Korea
| | | | - Jong Kyoung Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Korea.
- Department of Life Sciences, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea.
| | - Geum-Sook Hwang
- Integrated Metabolomics Research Group, Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung-Hoi Koo
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
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8
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Kim G, Shin HM, Kim HR. Pyrimidine nucleotide starvation induces a decrease in the number of effector T cells but not memory T cells. Cell Mol Immunol 2023:10.1038/s41423-023-01014-z. [PMID: 37037882 PMCID: PMC10088724 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea.
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9
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Kang CK, Kim MG, Park SW, Kim YW, Lee CM, Choe PG, Park WB, Kim NJ, Kim M, Lee S, Kim IS, Lee CH, Shin HM, Kim HR, Oh MD. Comparable humoral and cellular immunity against Omicron variant BA.4/5 of once-boosted BA.1/2 convalescents and twice-boosted COVID-19-naïve individuals. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28558. [PMID: 36755360 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The fourth vaccination dose confers additional protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in individuals with no prior coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, its immunological benefit against currently circulating BA.4/5 is unclear in individuals who have received a booster shot and been infected with Omicron variant BA.1/2. We analyzed immune responses in whom had been boosted once and did not have COVID-19 (n = 16), boosted once and had COVID-19 when BA.1/2 was dominant in Korea (Hybrid-6M group, n = 27), and boosted twice and did not have COVID-19 (Vx4 group, n = 15). Antibody binding activities against RBDo BA.1 and RBDo BA.4/5 , antigen-specific memory CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses against BA.4/5, and B-cell responses against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type did not differ statistically between the Hybrid-6M and Vx4 groups. The humoral and cellular immune responses of the Hybrid-6M group against BA.4/5 were comparable to those of the Vx4 group. Individuals who had been boosted and had an Omicron infection in early 2022 may not have high priority for an additional vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Gang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Wook Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Dementia, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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10
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Lee CM, Kim M, Kang CK, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Bang H, Cho T, Shin HM, Kim HR, Park WB, Oh MD. Different degree of cytokinemia and T-cell activation according to serum IL-6 levels in critical COVID-19. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1110874. [PMID: 37081872 PMCID: PMC10110916 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tocilizumab, a humanized anti-interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody, is recommended for the treatment of severe to critical coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19). However, there were conflicting results on the efficacy of tocilizumab. Therefore, we hypothesized that the differences in tocilizumab efficacy may stem from the different immune responses of critical COVID-19 patients. In this study, we described two groups of immunologically distinct COVID-19 patients, based on their IL-6 response. Methods We prospectively enrolled critical COVID-19 patients, requiring oxygen support with a high flow nasal cannula or a mechanical ventilator, and analyzed their serial samples. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cytokine kinetics and cellular immune responses, respectively. Results A total of nine patients with critical COVID-19 were included. The high (n = 5) and low IL-6 (n = 4) groups were distinguished by their peak serum IL-6 levels, using 400 pg/mL as the cut-off value. Although the difference of flow cytometric data did not reach the level of statistical significance, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the frequencies of intermediate monocytes (CD14+CD16+), IFN-γ+ CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, and HLA-DR+PD-1+ CD4+ T cells were higher in the high IL-6 group than in the low IL-6 group. Conclusion There were distinctive two groups of critical COVID-19 according to serum IL-6 levels having different degrees of cytokinemia and T-cell responses. Our results indicate that the use of immune modulators should be more tailored in patients with critical COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Mi Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeeun Bang
- Research and development team 2, Molecular Diagnostics Division, Quantamatrix Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeeun Cho
- Research and development team 2, Molecular Diagnostics Division, Quantamatrix Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Mu Shin, ; Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park,
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Mu Shin, ; Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park,
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Hyun Mu Shin, ; Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park,
| | - Myoung-don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Seo E, Jang H, Kwon S, Kwon Y, Kim S, Lee S, Jeong AJ, Shin HM, Kim Y, Ma S, Kim H, Lee Y, Suh P, Ye S. Loss of phospholipase Cγ1 suppresses hepatocellular carcinogenesis through blockade of STAT3-mediated cancer development. Hepatol Commun 2022; 6:3234-3246. [PMID: 36153805 PMCID: PMC9592768 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.2077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCγ1) plays an oncogenic role in several cancers, alongside its usual physiological roles. Despite studies aimed at identifying the effect of PLCγ1 on tumors, the pathogenic role of PLCγ1 in the tumorigenesis and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unknown. To investigate the function of PLCγ1 in HCC, we generated hepatocyte-specific PLCγ1 conditional knockout (PLCγ1f/f ; Alb-Cre) mice and induced HCC with diethylnitrosamine (DEN). Here, we identified that hepatocyte-specific PLCγ1 deletion effectively prevented DEN-induced HCC in mice. PLCγ1f/f ; Alb-Cre mice showed reduced tumor burden and tumor progression, as well as a decreased incidence of HCC and less marked proliferative and inflammatory responses. We also showed that oncogenic phenotypes such as repressed apoptosis, and promoted proliferation, cell cycle progression and migration, were induced by PLCγ1. In terms of molecular mechanism, PLCγ1 regulated the activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Moreover, PLCγ1 expression is elevated in human HCC and correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with HCC. Our results suggest that PLCγ1 promotes the pathogenic progression of HCC, and PLCγ1/STAT3 axis was identified as a potential therapeutic target pathway for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun‐Bi Seo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS)Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun‐Jun Jang
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun‐Ho Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Jin Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS)Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Seul‐Ki Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Song‐Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Ae Jin Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of ImmunologySeoul National UniversityHongcheonRepublic of Korea
| | - Yong‐Nyun Kim
- Division of Translational ScienceNational Cancer CenterGoyangRepublic of Korea
| | - Stephanie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Liver ResearchLi Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong KongHong Kong
| | - Haeryoung Kim
- Department of PathologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Yun‐Han Lee
- Department of Molecular MedicineKeimyung University School of MedicineDaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Pann‐Ghill Suh
- School of Life SciencesUlsan National Institute of Science and TechnologyUlsanRepublic of Korea,Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI)DaeguRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang‐Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical SciencesSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS)Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Wide River Institute of ImmunologySeoul National UniversityHongcheonRepublic of Korea,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease InstituteSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Neuro‐Immune Information Storage Network Research CenterSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
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12
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Kwon YJ, Seo EB, Jeong AJ, Lee SH, Noh KH, Lee S, Cho CH, Lee CH, Shin HM, Kim HR, Moon HG, Ye SK. The acidic tumor microenvironment enhances PD-L1 expression via activation of STAT3 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:852. [PMID: 35927628 PMCID: PMC9351117 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor acidosis, a common phenomenon in solid cancers such as breast cancer, is caused by the abnormal metabolism of cancer cells. The low pH affects cells surrounding the cancer, and tumor acidosis has been shown to inhibit the activity of immune cells. Despite many previous studies, the immune surveillance mechanisms are not fully understood. We found that the expression of PD-L1 was significantly increased under conditions of extracellular acidosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. We also confirmed that the increased expression of PD-L1 mediated by extracellular acidosis was decreased when the pH was raised to the normal range. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of public breast cancer patient databases showed that PD-L1 expression was also highly correlated with IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling. Surprisingly, the expression of both phospho-tyrosine STAT3 and PD-L1 was significantly increased under conditions of extracellular acidosis, and inhibition of STAT3 did not increase the expression of PD-L1 even under acidic conditions in MDA-MB-231 cells. Based on these results, we suggest that the expression of PD-L1 is increased by tumor acidosis via activation of STAT3 in MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jin Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Bi Seo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Jin Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kum Hee Noh
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangsik Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Catholic Kwangdong University College of Medical Convergence, Gangneung, 25601, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong-Gon Moon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea. .,Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Park SY, Hisham Y, Shin HM, Yeom SC, Kim S. Interleukin-18 Binding Protein in Immune Regulation and Autoimmune Diseases. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071750. [PMID: 35885055 PMCID: PMC9313042 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural soluble antagonist and decoy receptor on the surface of the cell membrane are evolving as crucial immune system regulators as these molecules are capable of recognizing, binding, and neutralizing (so-called inhibitors) their targeted ligands. Eventually, these soluble antagonists and decoy receptors terminate signaling by prohibiting ligands from connecting to their receptors on the surface of cell membrane. Interleukin-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) participates in regulating both Th1 and Th2 cytokines. IL-18BP is a soluble neutralizing protein belonging to the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily as it harbors a single Ig domain. The Ig domain is essential for its binding to the IL-18 ligand and holds partial homology to the IL-1 receptor 2 (IL-1R2) known as a decoy receptor of IL-1α and IL-1β. IL-18BP was defined as a unique soluble IL-18BP that is distinct from IL-18Rα and IL-18Rβ chain. IL-18BP is encoded by a separated gene, contains 8 exons, and is located at chr.11 q13.4 within the human genome. In this review, we address the difference in the biological activity of IL-18BP isoforms, in the immunity balancing Th1 and Th2 immune response, its critical role in autoimmune diseases, as well as current clinical trials of recombinant IL-18BP (rIL-18BP) or equivalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Yong Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Yasmin Hisham
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- System Immunology, Wide River Institute of Immunology, Collage of Medicine, Seoul National University, Hongcheon-gun 25159, Korea;
| | - Su Cheong Yeom
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea;
| | - Soohyun Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Laboratory of Cytokine Immunology, Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-457-0868
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14
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Kang CK, Kim M, Hong J, Kim G, Lee S, Chang E, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Kim IS, Seo JY, Song D, Lee DS, Shin HM, Kim YW, Lee CH, Park WB, Kim HR, Oh MD. Corrigendum: Distinct Immune Response at 1 Year Post-COVID-19 According to Disease Severity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:929770. [PMID: 35686133 PMCID: PMC9171241 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.929770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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15
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Kang CK, Shin HM, Choe PG, Park J, Hong J, Seo JS, Lee YH, Chang E, Kim NJ, Kim M, Kim YW, Kim HR, Lee CH, Seo JY, Park WB, Oh MD. Broad humoral and cellular immunity elicited by one-dose mRNA vaccination 18 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. BMC Med 2022; 20:181. [PMID: 35508998 PMCID: PMC9067342 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02383-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practical guidance is needed regarding the vaccination of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent individuals in resource-limited countries. It includes the number of vaccine doses that should be given to unvaccinated patients who experienced COVID-19 early in the pandemic. METHODS We recruited COVID-19 convalescent individuals who received one or two doses of an mRNA vaccine within 6 or around 18 months after a diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Their samples were assessed for IgG-binding or neutralizing activity and cell-mediated immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and variants of concern. RESULTS A total of 43 COVID-19 convalescent individuals were analyzed in the present study. The results showed that humoral and cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type and variants of concern, including the Omicron variant, were comparable among patients vaccinated within 6 versus around 18 months. A second dose of vaccine did not significantly increase immune responses. CONCLUSION One dose of mRNA vaccine should be considered sufficient to elicit a broad immune response even around 18 months after a COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, South Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Jung Seon Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Yung Hie Lee
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Asan Medical Center, Seoul, 05505, South Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 08030, South Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Jun-Young Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea
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16
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Kang CK, Kim M, Hong J, Kim G, Lee S, Chang E, Choe PG, Kim NJ, Kim IS, Seo JY, Song D, Lee DS, Shin HM, Kim YW, Lee CH, Park WB, Kim HR, Oh MD. Distinct Immune Response at 1 Year Post-COVID-19 According to Disease Severity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:830433. [PMID: 35392102 PMCID: PMC8980227 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.830433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the fact of ongoing worldwide vaccination programs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), understanding longevity, breadth, and type of immune response to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still important to optimize the vaccination strategy and estimate the risk of reinfection. Therefore, we performed thorough immunological assessments 1 year post-COVID-19 with different severity. Methods We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma samples at 1 year post-COVID-19 in patients who experienced asymptomatic, mild, and severe illness to assess titers of various isotypes of antibodies (Abs) against SARS-CoV-2 antigens, phagocytic capability, and memory B- and T-cell responses. Findings A total of 24 patients (7, 9, and 8 asymptomatic, mild, and severe patients, respectively) and eight healthy volunteers were included in this study. We firstly showed that disease severity is correlated with parameters of immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19 that play an important role in protecting against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, namely, the phagocytic capacity of Abs and memory B-cell responses. Interpretation Various immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19, particularly the phagocytic capacity and memory B-cell responses, were dependent on the severity of the prior COVID-19. Our data could provide a clue for a tailored vaccination strategy after natural infection according to the severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euijin Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Seo
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daesub Song
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Yong-Woo Kim
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park, ; Chang-Han Lee,
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park, ; Chang-Han Lee,
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- BrainKorea21 (BK21) FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hang-Rae Kim, ; Wan Beom Park, ; Chang-Han Lee,
| | - Myoung-don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kang CK, Kim M, Lee S, Kim G, Choe PG, Park WB, Kim NJ, Lee CH, Kim IS, Jung K, Lee DS, Shin HM, Kim HR, Oh MD. Corrigendum to: Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response According to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. J Infect Dis 2022; 227:1113-1114. [PMID: 35258550 PMCID: PMC9383586 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Koreaand
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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18
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Kim G, Shin HM, Kim HR, Kim Y. Effects of Host and Pathogenicity on Mutation Rates in Avian Influenza A Viruses. Virus Evol 2022; 8:veac013. [PMID: 35295747 PMCID: PMC8922178 DOI: 10.1093/ve/veac013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Mutation is the primary determinant of genetic diversity in influenza viruses. The rate of mutation, measured in an absolute time-scale, is likely to be dependent on the rate of errors in copying RNA sequences per replication and the number of replications per unit time. Conditions for viral replication are probably different among host taxa, potentially generating the host-specificity of the viral mutation rate, and possibly between highly and low pathogenic viruses. This study investigated whether mutation rates per year in avian influenza A viruses depend on host taxa and pathogenicity. We inferred mutation rates from the rates of synonymous substitutions, which are assumed to be neutral and thus equal to mutation rates, at four segments that code internal viral proteins (PB2, PB1, PA, NP). On the phylogeny of all avian viral sequences for each segment, multiple distinct subtrees (clades) were identified that represent viral subpopulations, which are likely to have evolved within particular host taxa. Using simple regression analysis, we found that mutation rates were significantly higher in viruses infecting chickens than domestic ducks, and in those infecting wild shorebirds than wild ducks. Host-dependency of the substitution rate was also confirmed by Bayesian phylogenetic analysis. However, we did not find evidence that the mutation rate is higher in highly pathogenic than in low pathogenic viruses. We discuss these results considering viral replication rate as the major determinant of mutation rate per unit time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuseob Kim
- Division of EcoScience and Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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19
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Jeong HS, Lee DH, Kim SH, Lee CH, Shin HM, Kim HR, Cho CH. Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress promotes tumor metastasis by upregulating vWF expression in endothelial cells through the transcription factor GATA1. Oncogene 2022; 41:1634-1646. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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Kwon YJ, Seo EB, Kim SK, Noh KH, Lee H, Joung YW, Shin HM, Jang YA, Kim YM, Lee JT, Ye SK. Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. leaf extracts prevent inflammatory responses via inhibition of the JAK/STAT axis in RAW264.7 cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 282:114493. [PMID: 34364971 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. (C. obtusa) has been used as folk medicine in East Asia and has been reported to alleviate inflammatory diseases. However, the detailed mechanisms for the anti-inflammatory effects of C. obtusa remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Although the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of natural products have been studied for decades, it is still important to identify the potential anti-inflammatory effects of natural sources. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanism of C. obtusa leaf extracts. MATERIAL &METHODS The cell viability was determined by MTT and crystal violet staining. NO production in the supernatant was measured using Griess reagent. The cell lysates were analyzed by immunoblotting and RT-qPCR. Secreted cytokines were analyzed using ELISA kit and cytokine array kit. mRNA expression from the GSE9632 database set. Z-scores were calculated for each gene and visualized by heat map. RESULTS Among the extracts of C. obtusa obtained with different extraction methods, the 99% ethanol leaf extract (CO99EL) strongly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and Janus kinase/signaling transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, CO99EL strongly inhibited LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-27, and C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)-1 production and directly inhibited LPS-induced JAK/STAT phosphorylation in RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that CO99EL significantly prevents LPS-induced macrophage activation by inhibiting the JAK/STAT axis. Therefore, we suggest the use of C. obtusa extracts as therapeutic approach for inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jin Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Bi Seo
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Seul-Ki Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Kum Hee Noh
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
| | - Yeo-Won Joung
- Department of Cosmeceutical Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38578, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, South Korea.
| | - Young-Ah Jang
- Convergence Research Center for Smart Healthcare of KS R & DB Foundation, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, South Korea.
| | - Yu Mi Kim
- Binotec Co., Ltd, Daegu, 42149, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Tae Lee
- Department of Cosmetic Science, Kyungsung University, Busan, 48434, South Korea.
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, South Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea; Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, South Korea.
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Noh KH, Lee SH, Lee H, Jeong AJ, Kim KO, Shin HM, Kim HR, Park MJ, Park JB, Lee J, Ye SK. Novel cancer stem cell marker MVP enhances temozolomide-resistance in glioblastoma. Transl Oncol 2021; 15:101255. [PMID: 34742152 PMCID: PMC8577150 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MVP level were up-regulated in temozolomide-resistant glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma stem cells. MVP decreased the sensitization to temozolomide of glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma stem cells. Knockdown of MVP reduced temozolomide-resistance, sphere formation ability and invasive capacity. Negative correlation between MVP expression and prognosis of glioblastoma patients
The resistance of highly aggressive glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to chemotherapy is a major clinical problem resulting in a poor prognosis. GBM contains a rare population of self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs) that proliferate, spurring the growth of new tumors, and evade chemotherapy. In cancer, major vault protein (MVP) is thought to contribute to drug resistance. However, the role of MVP as CSCs marker remains unknown and whether MVP could sensitize GBM cells to Temozolomide (TMZ) also is unclear. We found that sensitivity to TMZ was suppressed by significantly increasing the MVP expression in GBM cells with TMZ resistance. Also, MVP was associated with the expression of other multidrug-resistant proteins in tumorsphere of TMZ-resistant GBM cell, and was highly co-expressed with CSC markers in tumorsphere culture. On the other hands, knockdown of MVP resulted in reduced sphere formation and invasive capacity. Moreover, high expression of MVP was associated with tumor malignancy and survival rate in glioblastoma patients. Our study describes that MVP is a potentially novel maker for glioblastoma stem cells and may be useful as a target for preventing TMZ resistance in GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kum Hee Noh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song-Hee Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeri Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Jin Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Oh Kim
- Department of Fiber-System Engineering, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, 25159, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Park
- Divisions of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Bae Park
- Department of Clinical Research, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Lee
- Advanced Multidisciplinary Research Cluster, Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Science Project (BK21PLUS), Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuro-Immune Information Storage Network Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Fiber-System Engineering, Dankook University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Kim BJ, Jeong H, Seo H, Lee MH, Shin HM, Kim BJ. Recombinant Mycobacterium paragordonae Expressing SARS-CoV-2 Receptor-Binding Domain as a Vaccine Candidate Against SARS-CoV-2 Infections. Front Immunol 2021; 12:712274. [PMID: 34512635 PMCID: PMC8432291 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.712274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, concerns that the recent global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants could compromise the current vaccines have been raised, highlighting the urgent demand for new vaccines capable of eliciting T cell-mediated immune responses, as well as B cell-mediated neutralizing antibody production. In this study, we developed a novel recombinant Mycobacterium paragordonae expressing the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) (rMpg-RBD-7) that is capable of eliciting RBD-specific immune responses in vaccinated mice. The potential use of rMpg-RBD-7 as a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 infections was evaluated in in vivo using mouse models of two different modules, one for single-dose vaccination and the other for two-dose vaccination. In a single-dose vaccination model, we found that rMpg-RBD-7 versus a heat-killed strain could exert an enhanced cell-mediated immune (CMI) response, as well as a humoral immune response capable of neutralizing the RBD and ACE2 interaction. In a two-dose vaccination model, rMpg-RBD-7 in a two-dose vaccination could also exert a stronger CMI and humoral immune response to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 infections in pseudoviral or live virus infection systems, compared to single dose vaccinations of rMpg-RBD or two-dose RBD protein immunization. In conclusion, our data showed that rMpg-RBD-7 can lead to an enhanced CMI response and humoral immune responses in mice vaccinated with both single- or two-dose vaccination, highlighting its feasibility as a novel vaccine candidate for SARS-CoV-2. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in which mycobacteria is used as a delivery system for a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byoung-Jun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyein Jeong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyejun Seo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, South Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Liver Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Seoul National University Medical Research Center (SNUMRC), Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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23
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Kang CK, Kim M, Lee S, Kim G, Choe PG, Park WB, Kim NJ, Lee CH, Kim IS, Jung K, Lee DS, Shin HM, Kim HR, Oh MD. Longitudinal Analysis of Human Memory T-Cell Response According to the Severity of Illness up to 8 Months After Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:39-48. [PMID: 33755725 PMCID: PMC8083680 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the memory T-cell response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is crucial for assessing the longevity of protective immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection or coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, the longitudinal memory T-cell response up to 8 months post-symptom onset (PSO) according to the severity of illness is unknown. Methods We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers or patients with COVID-19 who experienced asymptomatic, mild, or severe illness at 2, 5, and 8 months PSO. SARS-CoV-2 spike, nucleocapsid, and membrane protein-stimulated PBMCs were subjected to flow cytometry analysis Results A total of 24 patients—seven asymptomatic and nine with mild and eight with severe disease—as well as six healthy volunteers were analyzed. SARS-CoV-2-specific OX40 +CD137 + CD4 + T cells and CD69 +CD137 + CD8 + T cells persisted at 8 months PSO. Also, antigen-specific cytokine-producing or polyfunctional CD4 + T cells were maintained for up to 8 months PSO. Memory CD4 + T-cell responses tended to be greater in patients who had severe illness than in those with mild or asymptomatic disease. Conclusions Memory response to SARS-CoV-2, based on the frequency and functionality, persists for 8 months PSO. Further investigations involving its longevity and protective effect from reinfection are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Han Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik Soo Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keehoon Jung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21 FOUR Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Yoon KJ, Ahn A, Park SH, Kwak SH, Kwak SE, Lee W, Yang YR, Kim M, Shin HM, Kim HR, Moon HY. Exercise reduces metabolic burden while altering the immune system in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:1294-1313. [PMID: 33406502 PMCID: PMC7834985 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although several evidence has suggested the impact of exercise on the prevention of aging phenotypes, few studies have been conducted on the mechanism by which exercise alters the immune-cell profile, thereby improving metabolism in senile obesity. In this study, we confirmed that 4-week treadmill exercise sufficiently improved metabolic function, including increased lean mass and decreased fat mass, in 88-week-old mice. The expression level of the senescence marker p16 in the white adipose tissue (WAT) was decreased after 4-weeks of exercise. Exercise induced changes in the profiles of immune-cell subsets, including natural killer (NK) cells, central memory CD8+ T cells, eosinophils, and neutrophils, in the stromal vascular fraction of WAT. In addition, it has been shown through transcriptome analysis of WAT that exercise can activate pathways involved in the interaction between WAT and immune cells, in particular NK cells, in aged mice. These results suggest that exercise has a profound effect on changes in immune-cell distribution and senescent-cell scavenging in WAT of aged mice, eventually affecting overall energy metabolism toward a more youthful state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Jin Yoon
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Ahn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269,USA
| | - Soo Hong Park
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hee Kwak
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Kwak
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Wonsang Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Ryoul Yang
- Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Youl Moon
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Sim JH, Kim JH, Park AK, Lee J, Kim KM, Shin HM, Kim M, Choi K, Choi EY, Kang I, Lee DS, Kim HR. IL-7Rα low CD8 + T Cells from Healthy Individuals Are Anergic with Defective Glycolysis. J Immunol 2020; 205:2968-2978. [PMID: 33106337 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Effector memory (EM) CD8+ T cells expressing lower levels of IL-7R α (IL-7Rαlow) from healthy individuals are partly compromised in vitro, but the identity of these cells has remained unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that human IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells are naturally occurring anergic cells in vivo and impaired in proliferation and IL-2 production but competent in IFN-γ and TNF-α production, a state that can be restored by IL-2 stimulation. IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells show decreased expression of GATA3 and c-MYC and are defective in metabolic reprogramming toward glycolysis, a process required for the proliferation of T cells. However, IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells can proliferate with TCR stimulation in the presence of IL-2 and IL-15, suggesting that these cells can be restored to normality or increased activity by inflammatory conditions and may serve as a reservoir for functional immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Sim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28150, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Kyung Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Insoo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; .,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.,Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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26
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Kang CK, Han GC, Kim M, Kim G, Shin HM, Song KH, Choe PG, Park WB, Kim ES, Kim HB, Kim NJ, Kim HR, Oh MD. Aberrant hyperactivation of cytotoxic T-cell as a potential determinant of COVID-19 severity. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 97:313-321. [PMID: 32492530 PMCID: PMC7261468 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that immune response may contribute to progression of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) at the second week of illness. Therefore, we compared cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses between severe and mild COVID-19 cases. METHODS We examined peripheral blood mononuclear cells of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients from their first and third weeks of illness. Severe pneumonia was defined as an oxygen saturation ≤93% at room air. Expressions of molecules related to T-cell activation and functions were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS The population dynamics of T cells at the first week were not different between the two groups. However, total numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells tended to be lower in the severe group at the third week of illness. Expressions of Ki-67, PD-1, perforin, and granzyme B in CD4+ or CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in the severe group than in the mild group at the third week. In contrast to the mild group, the levels of their expression did not decrease in the severe group. CONCLUSIONS Severe COVID-19 had a higher degree of proliferation, activation, and cytotoxicity of T-cells at the late phase of illness without cytotoxic T-cell contraction, which might contribute to the development of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Chan Han
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ho Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Pyoeng Gyun Choe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan Beom Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Eu Suk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Bin Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Joong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Wide River Institute of Immunology, Seoul National University, Hongcheon 25159, Republic of Korea; Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myoung-Don Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Cho HS, Ha S, Shin HM, Reboldi A, Hall JA, Huh JR, Usherwood EJ, Berg LJ. CD8 + T Cells Require ITK-Mediated TCR Signaling for Migration to the Intestine. Immunohorizons 2020; 4:57-71. [PMID: 32034085 PMCID: PMC7521019 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.1900093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Tec kinase IL-2–inducible T cell kinase (ITK) regulates the expression of TCR-induced genes. Itk−/− T cell responses are impaired but not absent. ITK inhibition prevented colitis disease progression and impaired T cell migration to the colon in mice. To examine the function of ITK in T cell migration to the intestine, we examined the number of gut T cells in Itk−/− mice and then evaluated their expression of gut-homing receptors. Combined with in vitro murine T cell stimulation and in vivo migration assay using congenic B6 mice, we demonstrated an essential role for ITK in T cell migration to the intestine in mice. Reconstitution of Itk−/− mouse CD8+ T cells with IFN regulatory factor 4 restored gut-homing properties, providing mechanistic insight into the function of ITK-mediated signaling in CD8+ T cell migration to the intestinal mucosa in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Soo Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Soyoung Ha
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Andrea Reboldi
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605
| | - Jason A Hall
- The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Jun R Huh
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Edward J Usherwood
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756
| | - Leslie J Berg
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605;
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28
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Park JG, Lee CR, Kim MG, Kim G, Shin HM, Jeon YH, Yang SH, Kim DK, Joo KW, Choi EY, Kim HR, Kwak C, Kim YS, Choi M, Lee DS, Han SS. Kidney residency of VISTA-positive macrophages accelerates repair from ischemic injury. Kidney Int 2019; 97:980-994. [PMID: 32143848 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2019.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages have unique tissue-specific functions in maintaining homeostasis and resolving inflammation. However, the repair role and relevant molecules of kidney-resident macrophages after ischemic injury remain unresolved. To this end, mice without kidney-resident R1 macrophages but containing infiltrating monocyte-derived R2 macrophages were generated using differential cellular kinetics following clodronate liposome treatment. When ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced in these mice, late phase repair was reduced. Transcriptomic and flow cytometric analyses identified that V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), an inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule, was constitutively expressed in kidney-resident R1 macrophages, but not in other tissue-resident macrophages. Here, VISTA functioned as a scavenger of apoptotic cells and served as a checkpoint to control kidney-infiltrating T cells upon T cell receptor-mediated stimulation. Together these functions improved the repair process after ischemia-reperfusion injury. CD14+ CD33+ mononuclear phagocytes of human kidney also expressed VISTA, which has similar functions to the mouse counterpart. Thus, VISTA is upregulated in kidney macrophages in a tissue-dependent manner and plays a repair role during ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Gyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cho-Rong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Gang Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yun-Hui Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hee Yang
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ki Kim
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwon Wook Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Cheol Kwak
- Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yon Su Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Murim Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seung Seok Han
- Kidney Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Jeon YS, Shin HM, Kim YJ, Nam DY, Park BC, Yoo E, Kim HR, Kim YK. Metallic Fe-Au Barcode Nanowires as a Simultaneous T Cell Capturing and Cytokine Sensing Platform for Immunoassay at the Single-Cell Level. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:23901-23908. [PMID: 31187614 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Barcode nanowires (BNWs) composed of multiple layered segments of different materials are attractive to bioengineering field due to their characteristics that allow the adjustment of physicochemical properties and conjugation with two or more types of biomolecules to facilitate multiple tasks. Here, we report a metallic Fe (iron)-Au (gold) BNW-based platform for capturing CD8 T cells and the interferon-γ (γ) they secrete, both of which play key roles in controlling infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, at the single-cell level. We also describe an efficient approach for conjugating distinct antibodies, which recognize different epitopes to appropriate materials. The platform achieved detection even with 4.45-35.6 μg mL-1 of BNWs. The T cell capture efficiency was close to 100% and the detection limit for interferon-γ was 460 pg mL-1. This work presents a potential guideline for the design of single-cell immunoassay platforms for eliminating diagnostic errors by unambiguously identifying disease-relevant immune mediators.
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Cho SY, Gwak JW, Shin YC, Moon D, Ahn J, Sol HW, Kim S, Kim G, Shin HM, Lee KH, Kim JY, Kim JS. Expression of Hippo pathway genes and their clinical significance in colon adenocarcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018. [PMID: 29541248 PMCID: PMC5835912 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a transcriptional regulator of the Hippo pathway, which regulates the development and progression of a number of types of cancer, including that of the colon. In the present study, the expression levels of Hippo pathway genes and their clinical significance were investigated in 458 patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), the most frequently diagnosed neoplastic disease globally, using data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Notably, mRNA expression of YAP1 was higher in COAD than in other types of gastrointestinal tract cancer. Expression of YAP1 mRNA was higher in COAD than in normal colon samples and was significantly higher in Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stages III-IV than in stages I-II. YAP1 protein levels, a protein primarily localized in the nucleus, was greater in TNM stages III-IV than in stages I-II. The level of pYAP1, which is inactive and localized in the cytoplasm, was significantly higher in TNM stages III-IV than in stages I-II. However, the YAP1/pYAP1 ratio, which is representative of activity, was higher in TNM stages III-IV than in stages I-II. High mRNA expression of YAP1, TAZ and TEAD4 was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with COAD. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that YAP1 was associated with DNA duplication, cell proliferation and development. Wnt signaling and transforming growth factor-β signaling were significantly higher in the high-YAP1 group, according to data from Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. Taken together, the results indicate that the subcellular distribution of YAP1 and high mRNA expression of YAP1, TAZ and TEAD4 may be associated with poorer overall survival rates in patients with COAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yeon Cho
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Wook Gwak
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo Chul Shin
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Daeju Moon
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyuok Ahn
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyon Woo Sol
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungha Kim
- Clinical Research Department, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Anatomy, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ha Lee
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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Kim JH, Sim JH, Lee S, Seol MA, Ye SK, Shin HM, Lee EB, Lee YJ, Choi YJ, Yoo WH, Kim JH, Kim WU, Lee DS, Kim JH, Kang I, Kang SW, Kim HR. Corrigendum: Interleukin-7 Induces Osteoclast Formation via STAT5, Independent of Receptor Activator of NF-kappaB Ligand. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1735. [PMID: 29235580 PMCID: PMC5725626 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Sim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunkyung Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min A Seol
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Bong Lee
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Wan-Hee Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insoo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Seong Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim JH, Sim JH, Lee S, Seol MA, Ye SK, Shin HM, Lee EB, Lee YJ, Choi YJ, Yoo WH, Kim JH, Kim WU, Lee DS, Kim JH, Kang I, Kang SW, Kim HR. Interleukin-7 Induces Osteoclast Formation via STAT5, Independent of Receptor Activator of NF-kappaB Ligand. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1376. [PMID: 29104576 PMCID: PMC5655015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7), which is required for the development and survival of T cells in the thymus and periphery, plays a role in joint destruction. However, it remains unclear how IL-7 affects osteoclast formation. Thus, we investigated the mechanism by which IL-7 induced osteoclast formation through IL-7 receptor α (IL-7Rα) in osteoclast precursors. We cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells or synovial fluid mononuclear cells with IL-7 in the presence or absence of an appropriate inhibitor to analyze osteoclast formation. We also constructed IL-7Rα-expressing RAW264.7 cells to uncover the mechanism(s) by which IL-7 induced osteoclast formation differed from that of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). We found that IL-7 induced osteoclast formation of human monocytes from peripheral blood or synovial fluid in a RANKL-independent and a signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5)-dependent manner. IL-7-induced osteoclasts had unique characteristics, such as small, multinucleated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive cells and no alterations even when RANKL was added after IL-7 pretreatment. RAW264.7 cells, if overexpressing IL-7Rα, also were able to differentiate into osteoclasts by IL-7 through a STAT5 signaling pathway. Furthermore, IL-7-induced osteoclast formation was repressed by inhibitors of the IL-7R signaling molecules Janus kinase and STAT5. Our findings demonstrate that IL-7 is a truly osteoclastogenic factor, which may induce osteoclast formation via activation of STAT5, independent of RANKL. We also suggest the possibility that an IL-7R pathway blocker could alleviate joint damage by inhibiting osteoclast formation, especially in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hee Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Cheongju University, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Sim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunkyung Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min A Seol
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Ye
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Bong Lee
- Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jong Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun Jung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Wan-Hee Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School and Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hong Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insoo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Seong Wook Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Kim M, Lee EJ, Shin HM, Jung HS, Kim TK, Kim TN, Kwon MJ, Lee SH, Rhee BD, Park JH. The effect of PPARγ agonist on SGLT2 and glucagon expressions in alpha cells under hyperglycemia. J Endocrinol Invest 2017; 40:1069-1076. [PMID: 28391584 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0659-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have many beneficial effects for type 2 diabetes, including decreased cardiovascular death, recent reports that they increased glucagon through SGLT2 inhibition raised some concern. Troglitazone, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) agonist, was reported to increase SGLT2 in renal proximal tubule cells, but its role on pancreatic alpha cells have not been reported. We investigated the effect of troglitazone on SGLT2 expression in alpha cells and subsequent glucagon regulation in hyperglycemia. METHODS An Alpha TC1-6 cell line was cultured in control (5 mM) or hyperglycemia (HG, 15 mM) for 72 h. We applied troglitazone with or without PPARγ antagonist (GW9662 10 μM). To investigate the involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway, we applied troglitazone with or without Wortmanin. We measured sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) and glucagon (GCG) mRNA and protein expression. PPAR gamma, PI3K and Akt protein were also measured. RESULTS Exposure of alpha TC cells to HG for 72 h increased glucagon mRNA and protein expression. HG decreased SGLT2 mRNA and protein expression. Troglitazone significantly reversed HG-induced reduction of SGLT2 expression and increase of glucagon secretion. PPARγ antagonist (GW9662 10 μM) decreased the expression of SGLT2 and increased glucagon as HG did. Hyperglycemia increased PI3K and pAkt expression in alpha cells. Wortmanin (PI3K inhibitor, 1 μM) reversed HG-induced SGLT2 decrease and glucagon increase. Troglitazone treatment decreased PI3K and pAkt expression in HG. CONCLUSION In conclusion, PPARγ agonist, troglitazone improved glucose transport SGLT2 dysfunction and subsequent glucagon dysregulation in alpha cell under hyperglycemia. Those effects were through the involvement of PI3K/pAkt signaling pathway. This study may add one more reason for the ideal combination of PPARγ agonist and SGLT2 inhibitor in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea.
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, South Korea.
| | - E J Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - H M Shin
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - H S Jung
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - T K Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - T N Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - M J Kwon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - B D Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
| | - J H Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Inje University, 875, Hauendae-ro, Hauendae-gu, Busan, 612-862, South Korea
- Molecular Therapy Lab, Paik Institute for Clinical Research, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
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Shin HM, Kapoor VN, Kim G, Li P, Kim HR, Suresh M, Kaech SM, Wherry EJ, Selin LK, Leonard WJ, Welsh RM, Berg LJ. Transient expression of ZBTB32 in anti-viral CD8+ T cells limits the magnitude of the effector response and the generation of memory. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006544. [PMID: 28827827 PMCID: PMC5578684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Virus infections induce CD8+ T cell responses comprised of a large population of terminal effector cells and a smaller subset of long-lived memory cells. The transcription factors regulating the relative expansion versus the long-term survival potential of anti-viral CD8+ T cells are not completely understood. We identified ZBTB32 as a transcription factor that is transiently expressed in effector CD8+ T cells. After acute virus infection, CD8+ T cells deficient in ZBTB32 showed enhanced virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses, and generated increased numbers of virus-specific memory cells; in contrast, persistent expression of ZBTB32 suppressed memory cell formation. The dysregulation of CD8+ T cell responses in the absence of ZBTB32 was catastrophic, as Zbtb32-/- mice succumbed to a systemic viral infection and showed evidence of severe lung pathology. We found that ZBTB32 and Blimp-1 were co-expressed following CD8+ T cell activation, bound to each other, and cooperatively regulated Blimp-1 target genes Eomes and Cd27. These findings demonstrate that ZBTB32 is a key transcription factor in CD8+ effector T cells that is required for the balanced regulation of effector versus memory responses to infection. CD8+ T lymphocytes are essential for immune protection against viruses. In response to an infection, these cells are activated, proliferate, and generate antiviral effector cells that eradicate the infection. Following this, the majority of these effector cells die, leaving a small subset of long-lived virus-specific memory T cells. Our study identifies a transcription factor, ZBTB32, that is required for the regulation of CD8+ T cell responses. In its absence, antiviral CD8+ T cell numbers increase to abnormally high levels, and generate an overabundance of memory T cells. When this dysregulated response occurs following infection with a virus that cannot be rapidly eliminated by the immune system, the infected animals die from immune-mediated tissue damage, indicating the importance of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- Dept of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Varun N. Kapoor
- Dept of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Peng Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, and BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Suresh
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Susan M. Kaech
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - E. John Wherry
- Department of Microbiology and Institute for Immunology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Liisa K. Selin
- Dept of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Warren J. Leonard
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and the Immunology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Raymond M. Welsh
- Dept of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Leslie J. Berg
- Dept of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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35
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Sim JH, Kim KS, Park H, Kim KJ, Lin H, Kim TJ, Shin HM, Kim G, Lee DS, Park CW, Lee DH, Kang I, Kim SJ, Cho CH, Doh J, Kim HR. Differentially Expressed Potassium Channels Are Associated with Function of Human Effector Memory CD8 + T Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:859. [PMID: 28791017 PMCID: PMC5522836 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv1.3, and the Ca2+-activated potassium channel, KCa3.1, regulate membrane potentials in T cells, thereby controlling T cell activation and cytokine production. However, little is known about the expression and function of potassium channels in human effector memory (EM) CD8+ T cells that can be further divided into functionally distinct subsets based on the expression of the interleukin (IL)-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Rα) chain. Herein, we investigated the functional expression and roles of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 in EM CD8+ T cells that express high or low levels of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rαhigh and IL-7Rαlow, respectively). In contrast to the significant activity of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 in IL-7Rαhigh EM CD8+ T cells, IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells showed lower expression of Kv1.3 and insignificant expression of KCa3.1. Kv1.3 was involved in the modulation of cell proliferation and IL-2 production, whereas KCa3.1 affected the motility of EM CD8+ T cells. The lower motility of IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells was demonstrated using transendothelial migration and motility assays with intercellular adhesion molecule 1- and/or chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α-coated surfaces. Consistent with the lower migration property, IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells were found less frequently in human skin. Stimulating IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells with IL-2 or IL-15 increased their motility and recovery of KCa3.1 activity. Our findings demonstrate that Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 are differentially involved in the functions of EM CD8+ T cells. The weak expression of potassium channels in IL-7Rαlow EM CD8+ T cells can be revived by stimulation with IL-2 or IL-15, which restores the associated functions. This study suggests that IL-7Rαhigh EM CD8+ T cells with functional potassium channels may serve as a reservoir for effector CD8+ T cells during peripheral inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Sim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyoungjun Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Haiyue Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Joo Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Gwanghun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chan-Wook Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Insoo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Sung Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chung-Hyun Cho
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junsang Doh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Hang-Rae Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21Plus Biomedical Science Project, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Medical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Ha NY, Shin HM, Sharma P, Cho HA, Min CK, Kim HI, Yen NTH, Kang JS, Kim IS, Choi MS, Kim YK, Cho NH. Generation of protective immunity against Orientia tsutsugamushi infection by immunization with a zinc oxide nanoparticle combined with ScaA antigen. J Nanobiotechnology 2016; 14:76. [PMID: 27887623 PMCID: PMC5124320 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-016-0229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZNP) has been applied in various biomedical fields. Here, we investigated the usage of ZNP as an antigen carrier for vaccine development by combining a high affinity peptide to ZNP. Results A novel zinc oxide-binding peptide (ZBP), FPYPGGDA, with high affinity to ZNP (Ka = 2.26 × 106 M−1) was isolated from a random peptide library and fused with a bacterial antigen, ScaA of Orientia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. The ZNP/ZBP-ScaA complex was efficiently phagocytosed by a dendritic cell line, DC2.4, in vitro and significantly enhanced anti-ScaA antibody responses in vivo compared to control groups. In addition, immunization with the ZNP/ZBP-ScaA complex promoted the generation of IFN-γ-secreting T cells in an antigen-dependent manner. Finally, we observed that ZNP/ZBP-ScaA immunization provided protective immunity against lethal challenge of O. tsutsugamushi, indicating that ZNP can be used as a potent adjuvant when complexed with ZBP-conjugated antigen. Conclusions ZNPs possess good adjuvant potential as a vaccine carrier when combined with an antigen having a high affinity to ZNP. When complexed with ZBP-ScaA antigen, ZNPs could induce strong antibody responses as well as protective immunity against lethal challenges of O. tsutsugamushi. Therefore, application of ZNPs combined with a specific soluble antigen could be a promising strategy as a novel vaccine carrier system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Young Ha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Prashant Sharma
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Ki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Il Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen Thi Hai Yen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Kang
- Department of Microbiology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Sang Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Sik Choi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Keun Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam-Hyuk Cho
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Endemic Disease, Seoul National University Medical Research Center and Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Cho HS, Shin HM, Berg LJ. An essential role of ITK in T cell migration to the gut during mouse γ-herpesvirus 68 infection. The Journal of Immunology 2016. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.196.supp.79.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
IL-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK) is the predominant Tec family kinase in T cells. ITK functions to regulate the magnitude of T cell receptor signaling. Deficiencies in ITK in humans leads to a fatal lymphoproilferative syndrome due to uncontrolled Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Yet, Itk−/− mice mount protective immune responses against several acute viral infections. To address this dichotomy, we have studied the role of ITK in anti-viral T cell responses to latent γ-herpesvirus infection using mouse γ-herpesvirus 68 (MHV68). Despite a delayed response at D7 post-infection, Itk−/− mice controlled MHV68 replication in the spleen at D14, and WT and Itk−/− mice showed no differences in their viral titers in the spleen during latency. However, MHV68-infected Itk−/− mice (n=11/24) spontaneously developed a severe gastrointestinal pathology after D100 post-infection, whereas WT mice (n=24/24) showed no disease symptoms. Following LPS-induced virus reactivation, Itk−/− mice also showed this pathology in the gut accompanied by a high viral titer in the intestine at various time points during viral latency, while WT mice remained healthy. Consistently, the number of gut-resident T cells were substantially less in Itk−/− mice than WT with or without infection. We also found that P-selectin binding on activated Itk−/− T cells or small molecule inhibitor of ITK (PRN694)-treated WT T cells is greatly impaired. Overall, these data suggest that ITK plays an important role in T cell migration to γ-herpesvirus-infected gut tissue following reactivation from latency.
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38
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Cho HS, Shin HM, Haberstock-Debic H, Xing Y, Owens TD, Funk JO, Hill RJ, Bradshaw JM, Berg LJ. A Small Molecule Inhibitor of ITK and RLK Impairs Th1 Differentiation and Prevents Colitis Disease Progression. J Immunol 2015; 195:4822-31. [PMID: 26466958 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In T cells, the Tec kinases IL-2-inducible T cell kinase (ITK) and resting lymphocyte kinase (RLK) are activated by TCR stimulation and are required for optimal downstream signaling. Studies of CD4(+) T cells from Itk(-/-) and Itk(-/-)Rlk(-/-) mice have indicated differential roles of ITK and RLK in Th1, Th2, and Th17 differentiation and cytokine production. However, these findings are confounded by the complex T cell developmental defects in these mice. In this study, we examine the consequences of ITK and RLK inhibition using a highly selective and potent small molecule covalent inhibitor PRN694. In vitro Th polarization experiments indicate that PRN694 is a potent inhibitor of Th1 and Th17 differentiation and cytokine production. Using a T cell adoptive transfer model of colitis, we find that in vivo administration of PRN694 markedly reduces disease progression, T cell infiltration into the intestinal lamina propria, and IFN-γ production by colitogenic CD4(+) T cells. Consistent with these findings, Th1 and Th17 cells differentiated in the presence of PRN694 show reduced P-selectin binding and impaired migration to CXCL11 and CCL20, respectively. Taken together, these data indicate that ITK plus RLK inhibition may have therapeutic potential in Th1-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Soo Cho
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; and
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; and
| | | | - Yan Xing
- Principia Biopharma, South San Francisco, CA 94080
| | | | | | | | | | - Leslie J Berg
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605; and
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39
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Wu T, Shin HM, Moseman EA, Ji Y, Huang B, Harly C, Sen JM, Berg LJ, Gattinoni L, McGavern DB, Schwartzberg PL. TCF1 Is Required for the T Follicular Helper Cell Response to Viral Infection. Cell Rep 2015; 12:2099-110. [PMID: 26365183 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper (TFH) and T helper 1 (Th1) cells generated after viral infections are critical for the control of infection and the development of immunological memory. However, the mechanisms that govern the differentiation and maintenance of these two distinct lineages during viral infection remain unclear. We found that viral-specific TFH and Th1 cells showed reciprocal expression of the transcriptions factors TCF1 and Blimp1 early after infection, even before the differential expression of the canonical TFH marker CXCR5. Furthermore, TCF1 was intrinsically required for the TFH cell response to viral infection; in the absence of TCF1, the TFH cell response was severely compromised, and the remaining TCF1-deficient TFH cells failed to maintain TFH-associated transcriptional and metabolic signatures, which were distinct from those in Th1 cells. Mechanistically, TCF1 functioned through forming negative feedback loops with IL-2 and Blimp1. Our findings demonstrate an essential role of TCF1 in TFH cell responses to viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuoqi Wu
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Hyun Mu Shin
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - E Ashley Moseman
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yun Ji
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bonnie Huang
- National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Jyoti M Sen
- National Institute on Aging (NIA), NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Leslie J Berg
- Department of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Luca Gattinoni
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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40
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Shin HM, Tilahun ME, Cho OH, Chandiran K, Kuksin CA, Keerthivasan S, Fauq AH, Golde TE, Miele L, Thome M, Osborne BA, Minter LM. NOTCH1 Can Initiate NF-κB Activation via Cytosolic Interactions with Components of the T Cell Signalosome. Front Immunol 2014; 5:249. [PMID: 24904593 PMCID: PMC4033603 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell stimulation requires the input and integration of external signals. Signaling through the T cell receptor (TCR) is known to induce formation of the membrane-tethered CBM complex, comprising CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1, which is required for TCR-mediated NF-κB activation. TCR signaling has been shown to activate NOTCH proteins, transmembrane receptors also implicated in NF-κB activation. However, the link between TCR-mediated NOTCH signaling and early events leading to induction of NF-κB activity remains unclear. In this report, we demonstrate a novel cytosolic function for NOTCH1 and show that it is essential to CBM complex formation. Using a model of skin allograft rejection, we show in vivo that NOTCH1 acts in the same functional pathway as PKCθ, a T cell-specific kinase important for CBM assembly and classical NF-κB activation. We further demonstrate in vitro NOTCH1 associates physically with PKCθ and CARMA1 in the cytosol. Unexpectedly, when NOTCH1 expression was abrogated using RNAi approaches, interactions between CARMA1, BCL10, and MALT1 were lost. This failure in CBM assembly reduced inhibitor of kappa B alpha phosphorylation and diminished NF-κB–DNA binding. Finally, using a luciferase gene reporter assay, we show the intracellular domain of NOTCH1 can initiate robust NF-κB activity in stimulated T cells, even when NOTCH1 is excluded from the nucleus through modifications that restrict it to the cytoplasm or hold it tethered to the membrane. Collectively, these observations provide evidence that NOTCH1 may facilitate early events during T cell activation by nucleating the CBM complex and initiating NF-κB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Mulualem E Tilahun
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Ok Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Karthik Chandiran
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Christina Arieta Kuksin
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Shilpa Keerthivasan
- Program in Molecular Biology, Loyola University Medical Center , Maywood, IL , USA
| | - Abdul H Fauq
- Chemical Synthesis Core Facility, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL , USA
| | - Todd E Golde
- Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA ; Department of Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL , USA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, University of Mississippi Cancer Institute , Jackson, MS , USA
| | - Margot Thome
- Department of Biochemistry, Center of Immunity and Infection, University of Lausanne , Epalinges , Switzerland
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA ; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA ; Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst , Amherst, MA , USA
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41
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Shin HM, Kapoor V, Welsh R, Berg L. The transcription factor ZBTB32 negatively regulates CD8+ T cell responses during acute and chronic viral infection (VIR4P.1010). The Journal of Immunology 2014. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.143.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The transcription factor, ZBTB32, is not expressed in resting naïve CD8+ T cells, but is upregulated following TCR stimulation in the presence of cytokines IFNγ, IL-12 or IL-2. To investigate the role of ZBTB32 in the development of anti-viral CD8+ T cells, Zbtb32-/- mice were infected with LCMV-Armstrong or LCMV-Clone 13. Following infection with LCMV-Armstrong, Zbtb32-/- mice exhibited normal viral clearance, but generated increased numbers of virus-specific CD8+ T cells, relative to wild-type mice, resulting in an increased memory cell population. The Zbtb32-/- CD8+ memory T cell population showed rapid proliferation and enhanced protective memory potential to secondary challenge. In contrast, upon infection with LCMV-Clone 13, 70% of Zbtb32-/- mice succumbed to a fatal disease starting at day 9 post-infection, and exhibited severe immune pathology in the lung compared to WT mice. Examination of the surviving mice indicated reduced LCMV-clone 13 viral titers in Zbtb32-/- mice. Gene expression analysis showed up-regulation of Eomes, Cd27, Pvr and Cd7 in virus-specific Zbtb32-/- CD8+ T cells. ChIP assays confirmed that ZBTB32 bound to the regulatory regions of these genes and recruited HDAC1 and HDAC2 to promote repressive histone modifications. These data indicate that ZBTB32 acts an epigenetic regulator and negatively regulates T cell responses and memory generation during acute and chronic LCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Varun Kapoor
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Raymond Welsh
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Leslie Berg
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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42
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Shin HM, Kapoor V, Guan T, Kaech SM, Welsh RM, Berg LJ. Epigenetic modifications induced by Blimp-1 Regulate CD8⁺ T cell memory progression during acute virus infection. Immunity 2013; 39:661-75. [PMID: 24120360 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor Blimp-1 regulates the overall accumulation of virus-specific CD8⁺ T cells during acute viral infections. We found that increased proliferation and survival of Blimp-1-deficient CD8⁺ T cells resulted from sustained expression of CD25 and CD27 and persistent cytokine responsiveness. Silencing of Il2ra and Cd27 reduced the Blimp-1-deficient CD8⁺ T cell response. Genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) sequencing analysis identified Il2ra and Cd27 as direct targets of Blimp-1. At the peak of the antiviral response, but not earlier, Blimp-1 recruited the histone-modifying enzymes G9a and HDAC2 to the Il2ra and Cd27 loci, thereby repressing expression of these genes. In the absence of Blimp-1, Il2ra and Cd27 exhibited enhanced histone H3 acetylation and reduced histone H3K9 trimethylation. These data elucidate a central mechanism by which Blimp-1 acts as an epigenetic regulator and enhances the numbers of short-lived effector cells while suppressing the development of memory-precursor CD8⁺ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Varun Kapoor
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Tianxia Guan
- Dept. of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Susan M Kaech
- Dept. of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA and Howard Hughes Medical Institute
| | - Raymond M Welsh
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Leslie J Berg
- Dept. of Pathology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
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43
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Shin HM, Kapoor V, Welsh R, Berg L. The intrinsic role of ROG in CD8+ T cell development has an impact on protective immunity against viral infection (P1452). The Journal of Immunology 2013. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.117.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Repressor of GATA3 (ROG) is a member of the poxviruses and zinc finger family of transcriptional repressors, and is also known as ZBTB32. Several studies have suggested that ROG may regulate the activation and differentiation CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and further, may also play a role in plasma cell differentiation. We have investigated the role of ROG in the development of anti-viral memory T cells. Upon acute infection with LCMV Armstrong, Rog-/- mouse accumulated higher proportions and numbers of virus-specific CD8+ T cells, resulting in an increased number of memory cells. Rog-/- mouse exhibited normal viral clearance, but as a consequence of the elevated primary response, the Rog-/- CD8+ T cell population contains enhanced protective memory potential. We also examined the response of Rog-/- mice to infection with a high dose of LCMV-clone 13, which causes a chronic infection leading to exhaustion of the CD8+ T cells. We found that approximately one-half of Rog-/- mice infected with high dose LCMV-clone 13 succumbed to this infection as early as day 9 post-infection and also exhibited severe immune pathology in the lung compared to WT mice. The higher frequency of IFNg-producing virus-specific CD8+ T cells in Rog-/- mice also resulted in enhanced viral control following LCMV-clone 13 infection. These data indicate that ROG plays a unique non-redundant role during acute and chronic LCMV infection, and is an important regulator of CD8+ effector and memory T cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Varun Kapoor
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Raymond Welsh
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Leslie Berg
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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Shin HM, Kapoor V, Welsh R, Berg L. Blimp-1 regulates CD8 T cell effector/memory development via regulation of cytokine receptor expression (110.20). The Journal of Immunology 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.110.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
During infections, the pathogen-induced cytokine milieu has been shown to determine T cell fate decisions between effector cells and memory precursor cells. However, how changes in cytokine receptor expression contribute to this process is poorly understood. Blimp-1 is known to be an important transcriptional repressor involved in the differentiation of short-lived CD8+ effector T cells following LCMV infection. Using a genome-wide ChIP-sequencing technique, we found that Blimp-1 directly controls cytokine receptor expression during the contraction phase of CD8+ T cells. During the expansion phase at day 5 post-infection (p.i.), CD8+ T cells are highly responsive to several cytokines, whereas at day 7 or 9 p.i. their responses are significantly decreased. In contrast, Blimp-1-/- CD8+ T cells maintain their cytokine responsiveness, and have increased cytokine receptor expression and increased formation of memory CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, Blimp-1 recruits histone modifying enzymes, HDAC2 and G9a to the genomic loci of cytokine receptors IL-2Rα and CD27. This study defines the mechanism by which Blimp-1 association with histone modifying enzymes controls cytokine receptor expression during the expansion and contraction phases of CD8+ T cells following LCMV infection, and thereby contributes to the generation of CD8+ effector and memory T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Varun Kapoor
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Raymond Welsh
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Leslie Berg
- 1Patholgoy, Universtiy of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
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45
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Nayar R, Enos M, Prince A, Shin HM, Hemmers S, Klein U, Rudensky A, Berg L. The role of IRF4 in regulating effector CD8+ T cell development via repression of EOMES expression. (111.51). The Journal of Immunology 2012. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.188.supp.111.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CD8+ T cell development in the thymus generates a predominant population of conventional naïve cells, along with minor populations of ‘innate’ T cells that resemble memory cells. Recent studies analyzing a variety of knockout or knock-in mice have indicated that impairments in the TCR signaling pathway produce increased numbers of innate CD8+ T cells, characterized by their high expression of CD44, CD122, CXCR3, and the transcription factor Eomesodermin. One component of this altered development is a non-CD8+ T cell-intrinsic role for IL-4. To determine whether reduced TCR signaling within the CD8+ T cells might also contribute to this pathway, we investigated the role of the transcription factor IRF4. IRF4 is upregulated following TCR stimulation in wild-type T cells; however, this upregulation is impaired in Itk-/- T cells, which have reduced responses to TCR signaling. Further, analysis of IRF4-deficient CD8+ thymocytes showed normal development of thymic CD8+ T cells. Interestingly, IRF4-deficient peripheral CD8+ T cells acquired a memory phenotype and expressed the transcription factor Eomesodermin. We also show that activation of naïve IRF4-deficient CD8+ T cells leads to rapid and robust expression of Eomesodermin. Together, these data indicate that IRF4 upregulation following CD8+ T cell activation normally suppresses Eomesodermin expression, thereby regulating the differentiation pathway of CD8+ effector T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ribhu Nayar
- 1Pathology, UMass Medical school, Worcester, MA
| | - Megan Enos
- 1Pathology, UMass Medical school, Worcester, MA
| | | | | | - Saskia Hemmers
- 2Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ulk Klein
- 4MIcrobiology and Immunology, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Alexander Rudensky
- 2Immunology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- 3Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Leslie Berg
- 1Pathology, UMass Medical school, Worcester, MA
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46
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Cho OH, Shin HM, Miele L, Golde TE, Fauq A, Minter LM, Osborne BA. Notch regulates cytolytic effector function in CD8+ T cells. J Immunol 2009; 182:3380-9. [PMID: 19265115 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The maturation of naive CD8(+) T cells into effector CTLs is a critical feature of a functional adaptive immune system. Development of CTLs depends, in part, upon the expression of the transcriptional regulator eomesodermin (EOMES), which is thought to regulate expression of two key effector molecules, perforin and granzyme B. Although EOMES is important for effector CTL development, the precise mechanisms regulating CD8(+) effector cell maturation remains poorly understood. In this study, we show that Notch1 regulates the expression of EOMES, perforin, and granzyme B through direct binding to the promoters of these crucial effector molecules. By abrogating Notch signaling, both biochemically as well as genetically, we conclude that Notch activity mediates CTL activity through direct regulation of EOMES, perforin, and granzyme B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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47
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Shin HM, Minter LM, Cho OH, Gottipati S, Fauq AH, Golde TE, Sonenshein GE, Osborne BA. Notch1 augments NF-kappaB activity by facilitating its nuclear retention. EMBO J 2005; 25:129-38. [PMID: 16319921 PMCID: PMC1356346 DOI: 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2005] [Accepted: 11/15/2005] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch1 specifically upregulates expression of the cytokine interferon-gamma in peripheral T cells through activation of NF-kappaB. However, how Notch mediates NF-kappaB activation remains unclear. Here, we examined the temporal relationship between Notch signaling and NF-kappaB induction during T-cell activation. NF-kappaB activation occurs within minutes of T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement and this activation is sustained for at least 48 h following TCR signaling. We used gamma-secretase inhibitor (GSI) to prevent the cleavage and subsequent activation of Notch family members. We demonstrate that GSI blocked the later, sustained NF-kappaB activation, but did not affect the initial activation of NF-kappaB. Using biochemical approaches, as well as confocal microscopy, we show that the intracellular domain of Notch1 (N1IC) directly interacts with NF-kappaB and competes with IkappaBalpha, leading to retention of NF-kappaB in the nucleus. Additionally, we show that N1IC can directly regulate IFN-gamma expression through complexes formed on the IFN-gamma promoter. Taken together, these data suggest that there are two 'waves' of NF-kappaB activation: an initial, Notch-independent phase, and a later, sustained activation of NF-kappaB, which is Notch dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Mu Shin
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Ok Hyun Cho
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Sridevi Gottipati
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Abdul H Fauq
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Gail E Sonenshein
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 311 Paige Laboratory, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, 161 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. Tel.: +1 413 545 4882; Fax: +1 413 545 1446; E-mail:
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48
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Minter LM, Turley DM, Das P, Shin HM, Joshi I, Lawlor RG, Cho OH, Palaga T, Gottipati S, Telfer JC, Kostura L, Fauq AH, Simpson K, Such KA, Miele L, Golde TE, Miller SD, Osborne BA. Inhibitors of gamma-secretase block in vivo and in vitro T helper type 1 polarization by preventing Notch upregulation of Tbx21. Nat Immunol 2005; 6:680-8. [PMID: 15991363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Notch receptors are processed by gamma-secretase acting in synergy with T cell receptor signaling to sustain peripheral T cell activation. Activated CD4+ T cells differentiate into T helper type 1 (TH1) or TH2 subsets. Molecular cues directing TH1 differentiation include expression of the TH1-specific transcription factor T-bet, encoded by Tbx21. However, the regulation of Tbx21 remains incompletely defined. Here we report that Notch1 can directly regulate Tbx21 through complexes formed on the Tbx21 promoter. In vitro, gamma-secretase inhibitors extinguished expression of Notch, interferon-gamma and Tbx21 in TH1-polarized CD4+ cells, whereas ectopic expression of activated Notch1 restored Tbx21 transcription. In vivo, administration of gamma-secretase inhibitors substantially impeded TH1-mediated disease progression in the mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model of multiple sclerosis. Thus, using gamma-secretase inhibitors to modulate Notch signaling may prove beneficial in treating TH1-mediated autoimmunity.
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MESH Headings
- Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
- Animals
- Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases
- Cytokines/immunology
- DNA-Binding Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- DNA-Binding Proteins/biosynthesis
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/enzymology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Endopeptidases/immunology
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/drug therapy
- Hypersensitivity, Delayed/immunology
- Immunoblotting
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Protease Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Receptor, Notch1
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- T-Box Domain Proteins
- Th1 Cells/drug effects
- Th1 Cells/enzymology
- Th1 Cells/immunology
- Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/immunology
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 01003, USA
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49
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Minter LM, Turley DM, Das P, Shin HM, Joshi I, Lawlor RG, Cho OH, Palaga T, Gottipati S, Telfer JC, Kostura L, Fauq AH, Simpson K, Such KA, Miele L, Golde TE, Miller SD, Osborne BA. Inhibitors of γ-secretase block in vivo and in vitro T helper type 1 polarization by preventing Notch upregulation of Tbx21. Nat Immunol 2005. [DOI: 10.1038/ni1209x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Abstract
This study investigates the protective effects of GamiHyangsa-Yukgunja (GHY, a popular herbal medicine formula) on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions and morphological change in rats. Subcutaneous injection of indomethacin (25 mg/kg) produced the following gastric morphological alterations: mucosa hemorrhagic infarct, mucosa cell necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, mucosa hemorrhagic erosion, and gastric pit disappearance. Tissue damages were accompanied by increased oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) concentrations. Our results show that pretreatment of the rats with orally administered GHY extract (3.3 ml/kg/day) significantly reduced gastric lesion formation and caused the amelioration of several pathological changes in the above-mentioned gastric mucosal lesions. Concomitantly, GHY-pretreatment increased gastric mucosal SOD and CAT activities and GSH concentrations. We therefore propose that GHY exerts a prophylactic effect on the indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions by enhancing antioxidant defense systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Shin
- Department of Physiology, College of Oriental Medicine, Dongguk University, Kyoungju, Kyoungbuk, Korea
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